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8 Recapture of the Crater Again; Sidelights On Some Famous Soldiers BY R. Y. LECKIE, “’7th 8. C., Evans’ Brigade. The clooe caffs of the old Confederates are worth $3 a year, not mentioning the other feature* of great news interest in your paper. About Mr. James G. Ramsy’s ‘ Retail ing the Works With Billie Mahone," he s off a little. Billie was there, but not alone by a long sight. Wright was there, and N O. Evans' old South Carolina brigade (what was left after the explosion) was there In the charge from the waterworks. 1 In line with the rest. Os course, we were few. The Seventeenth South Carolina was nearly extinct, having been blown to atoms. Lieutenant Colonel Means, -of the F aeeenteenth South Carolina, has never | been' heard from since. Aa to mining advantages, the Yankees had it on us The hill from our front line tn theirs was very abrupt; 150 yards is the . mark between the two lines. I have been on the grounds since the war. and could i > get the positions with more accuracy than I could while the enemy occupied their | ' lines. Where Grant began his mine was at the base of this mountainous bluff, and JusV tn the rear of his front earthworks a | large stream flowed parallel with his Works, called River creek, that emptied Into the Appomattox river, in Yankee ttnes. thus all their diggings floated away K as brought out. Evans* eld South Carolina brigade was. at the time of the explosion, commanded br Colonel Elliott, of Fort Sumter fame. * We had been holding that hill since the k l<th of June, the worst place on the line, p for Grant thought that was the key to Petersburg. Wr never turned the key over to him. however. Had it no: been for the stubbornness of Elliott’s brigade that morning, the whole army of Burnsides- negroes and white J soldiers would have been in Petersburg by 10 a. m. and ready to receive Billie Mahone when he came across the bridge. Jh fieauregerd's mlt.ers bad been at work tn our fort a month before we were blown , up. They worked night and day. Every time a miner came up he had a thousand questions to answer, and they told us anything to get rid of us. This much J did learn, they all told of hearing the sound of picks, but couldn't locate them. When it was all analysed, the Yankee miners were ten feet below them Beauregard had a mortar battery of 16 | t pieces placed in our rear In a small ra- ! vine. One of the gunners of the battery came up on« night <T soy one night, it sms , on the night of the 29th of July. 1964). and ' asked us if we were going to mutiny. I Ba "For.” said hr. "we have all our mortars I elevated on this fort, and not to be chang- ■ Bed without general orders.” Was that science? Yes: if we had known ; that two-thirds of us would be ICO yards I up In the air like winding blades by next ! teorrtng at daybreak, there would not ‘ have been a soul there to demoralise those ( Burnside negroes. I loved Beauregard. I have had the man- j ifestation of his kind and feeling heart so ’ often. I attended his funeral In New'Or- j leans. I did not envy him hH feelings on the nights of July 29<h and 2?th. 1864. He eared Petersburg, however. We found out very soon what those mortars were placed and trained on our fort for. After and during the explosion our soldiers didn't think of war: most of tbem thought judgment day had dawned. Yankees were not tn our thoughts, but we were soon brought to realise that Grant had more to do with It tnan the Lord. Grant's KO cannon let fly at the instant the explosion tcok place. The first thing W noticed was a black and blue line coming over the hill; then It looked like a blue fence with a white chalk mark drawn near the head of the pickets to des ignate the top. Some of us who were left began to •Cream out. Niggers, niggers, boys!” Some didn't have guns, but many dead men did have guns that they couldn't us*, and It was so<m so hot for those ne groes that they concluded to go back. But Burnsides had put white men back . tb< re four deep, and they actually fired t into the negroes. History says not, but I saw it. Rut then, what is an aye-witness agninxt Pollard, sitting In Richmond get ting -grapevine telegrams?" if Beauregard's mining was fruitless bls mortar battery was not. The negroes couldn't go back, so they found their only haven—they mide for the hole Grant had made in our works. It was ] thirty feet deep, thirty feet wide and six ’ ty feet tong, and every “nigger" that B'trnrides had tried to get into it. .That's when Beauregard s' mortars got In th d? work. The negroes rushed in on f tach other, for at that time our Parrott guns were making it about even with thb Yankee l€s) guns that they wanted to scare us to death with. The negroes w»rc mashing the life out of one another In the crater hole, while some cf our mer. were sitting up there sheeting them a«* deliberately as though they had been blackbirds. Abo*rt 9 o’clock a courier whom I had seen with General Stonewall Jackson. ' ram" around end ordered all the works in that vicinity cleared of Confederate ’ troops. the troops to get to the water work.- ire house as best they could. We w*r» not fifty yards away when I felt the earth quiver again under my fret. Beau regard's mortar bnttery had opened. Its prey was In hand. My brother and I evad ed the others and retreated a few hun- tt--- .- -wmrferv and quicfcly: portions se- R| •**•«' Catalog free. 't— r« a T*'e-raph e ch-w»i. Senes. Ga - For Male. two” food rows for sale. Apply to F. E. I )- Jenkin*. Kerner. Ga. '" 1 --" = WANTED-AGENTS. r'w «* PKtTda'y made' by" Agents'; Elegant Premium* Free Address Scott Remedy Co.. Iksutsville. Ky. When writinc please mention ” ———H—W-H-H-—!! C’.wbsss sad fiiirtffiTMwasfc rwif a Mawtasl persth. (Sbsmb* ajwsswa>3rfcttsa, vF?teia*,l DLOOD POISON H V Either primary, seerm-vry or ter-arv Syphilis ■V qaidd, positively and t <ev.-r cured, wtt hoot tbs see of Merrory or lodide ot 1 otask,by the wore derful Herculis < orapoend. a few weeks' use of which ■akesaeieaa. healthy bring, after rotnpiete fail we wttfe the Hot Springs aad ocher treatment. Full information, •ad a bottle for trial, sens fire of charge to all euSerscw Address,Prof. F.C. FOWLFB, Mood as. Cosuu 100-MGf BOOKTrEE 5 > nfcm frm hri*ary. feteUary • Yr Fury Wk have jenssasahy tired IM scntMSM Hl 15 U Je dan. We Mil at the wet ehetiaau gam < ' I I CAPITAL, <BOO,OOO Yn tag H Vtued al hem ester u» yearsaty. If yea han Uivs av-1-v' M UesMssh. udctulhan acbMuadyuiM, IveounuhMii ■oaii.ScrtYhrwt, haplM Caspar U.?r»l lyeta. Cars es any yart es the I heiy, Sw w «v»srr»» eat, or. is for weda of ' «£* COOK REMEDY CO. 671 MasotUo Tempia. Chicago, 111. 'KET'--" ~ - - dred yards. I climbed a parapet and wit nessed a sight that will ever be in my mind's eye. Beauregard's mortar shells were rain ing in that hole on the "niggers,” but they were still running In there for pro tection. Whites, blacks and all seemed to be crazy. At that time our shells from Par rotta and other guns were making It so hot around old Fort Pegram that one. would be inclined to run for any hole In the ground, but Beauregard's mortar battery at the crater made more sausage meat than I ever want to see again, especially if I had to live on top of it for three months after it’k made and not salted. Beauregard had a place over on the James, where he trapped old Beast Butler, that is called “Beauregard's Slaughter Pen.” Well, if that was a slaughter pen, I can't imagine a name heinous enough for the crater. We had been assembled In the ravine two hours when we saw Wright’s brigade filing down the ravine. Then came Billie Mahone. He was the ranking general, and of course he gets the praise. The generals always get the praise. The men get behind some big rock or hill, eat cake and drink liquor and say: “Go on generals and lick them good!” The names of the men are all set in big type in the newspapers. (?) That's, the Ironical praise of the war Items. In Jesse Reese’s "Recapture of the Cra ter” I must remind him that he is one day off. for the works were taken back from the Federals on July 30. 1864. the same day they were blown up. The commands of Wnrht. Billie Mahone and what was left of Elliott's (Evans' old brigade) left the waterworks at 3:30 p. m.. July 30. ISM. We deployed column by division on Second division right in front, When we got lined up right we heard: "Forward, guide center, march!” We who knew the grounds climbed that hill in a ahaky, nervous mood, for we knew what we would come into. The command was given by Billie Mahone, his voice like the roar of a lion. Our heads were not more than over th® hill when the Yankee cannon and mus ketry opened on us. We had three or four hundred yards to go before reaching our goal. Tty' earth was dry and every ball was making dry dirt fly. I noticed some big stumps along in the field and would have given anything to get on one stump for a few minutes. The only general officer I saw In that field was Colonel Elliott. I also saw him at the crater checking the carnage Ns men were doing murdering prisoners. Another brave general was old Shanks— N. S. Evans. He never believed that he was to be killed in war. One of our correspondents wrote about “Grave Yard Hill” some time ago. I wa» there. Macbeth's artillery belonged to Reminiscences of Chancellorsvilte BY F. L. HUDGINS, Os 38th Georgia Regi me nt, Chamblee, Ga. On the morning of April 29, 1863, the Thirty-eighth Georgia regiment was awakened from their slumbers by the beating of the -long roll.” We fell into line and hastily formed and reported to Genera! Gordon. Who thanked us for our promptness, beinjf the first regiment in the brigade tb respond. The brigade be ing formed, we moved out and took po sition along the railroad, northwest of Hamilton's crossing, near "Dead Horse Hill.” where Pelham's battery was in po sition on the l»th of December previous. The Thirteenth Georgia regiment, of the same brigade (Gordon's), was on skir mish line at Deep bottom and the inces sant crack of the rifle and their yells told us that they were heavily engaged and to all appearances were holding their own very well. Chpt. W. L. McLeod, commanding the' Thirty-eighth Georgia regiment, detailed me to return to our old camp, .hurry up the cooking detail, and bring them ants all others who were not excused by the surgeon, up on the firing line, as all would be needed to success fully oppose "Fighting Joe” Hooker's ter rible advance. On the way back we pass ed Hill's division coming up. and all mov ing to the left id the direction of Chan cellorsville. After we returned without detail. General Gordon came walking along our line and said: "Boys, we are Georgians here, and do you know what Georgia expects of you? for every man to do his duty." Sharp skirmishing still continued all dav. A portion of Hay's Louisiana bri gade and pari of the Thirty-eighth Geor gia regiment re-enforced the skirmishers along the telegraph road in front of Deep bottom where General Sedgcwich was endeavoring to throw his pontoon bridge across the Rappahannock river. < After crossing the river the enemy formed their line near the brick house and stayed there all night. After dark some of our skirmishers crawled down to the brick house above referred to and while the Yankees were calling the roll they (our boys) stepped into the house from the back way and brought out all the haversacks belonging to the Yankees which they (our skirmishers) had time to get. They returned to their positions along the telegraph road and said: "Boys, the Yankees are down there by the thousands and these well filled haver sacks are the best proof of it." I have forgotten the names of the men who did this, and if any of them see this please answer me as above. The next day Gen eral Sedgewick crossed a portion of his troops into Fredericksburg and drove General Barksdale's Mississippi brigade out of the fortifications in front of the town. That night General Gordon moved up in front of Fredericksburg and formed his brigade north of the telegraph road, near Lee’s hUI, Just south of Wellborn’s mill, on Hasel run. The next morning General Gordpn sent me out as a scout to locate the position of the enemy and to re port as early as possible. I found the enemy in a strong position along Hazel run. As I returned I met the Thirty-first Georgia regiment deployed as skirmishers already advancing. I reported to General Gordon, who was along with them. He said to join the Thirty-first on the left. I did so. We crossed Haxel run under a hot Are from the Twentieth and Twenty first New York regiments, who were de ployed to oppose our advance. We drove them up Marie's hill and I passed through the Marie house yard. Colonel Zimmer man. commanding, was mortally wound ed and fell into our hands, and died the next day. We now had retaken the posi tion which General Barksdale had lost, and we held it until late in the evening, when Captain W. C. Matthews called "Attention" and gave the order “About, face; forward, double-quick; march,” and instantly all the guns across the river on Stafford's heights opened fire with deadly aim. The bursting of the shells and shrieks of the wounded was terrible. Our line was now west of Fredericks burg. going north in the direction of the river. Sometime after dark, as we had driven everything from our front, we halted and the line was put in shape and the skirmishers were thrown out and that night General Hooker with the remnant of his army, minus the killed, wounded and captured, recrosged the Rappahan nock .river, having signally failed to take Richmond. Below I will General Hooker's official dispatch of the battle of Chancel lorsville from a Confederate standpoint, which we sung on all occasions afterward when in a singing mood. Old soldiers of THE SEMI-WEEKLY JOURNAL. ATLANTA. GEORGIA, MONDAY, OCTOBER 7, 1901. Evans' brigade at the time. We had a terrible shelling there, and were ordered to lay down just under the hill from where Macbeth’s battery took its position. We got the refuse of all the shells that burst about the battery. General Evans had not finished his breakfast, it-seemed, when he passed us on his big Iron gray, for he was eat ing a hard tack. He rode right up where men and horses were being killed every moment, took his field glasses and con ned the enemy's position for some min utes. Then he took another hard tack out of his haversack and placing a piece of paper on it wrote a word or two and blow a little whistle. His orderly, who was down where we were, dashed to him as fast as horse could carry him. Then Evans rode down quietly by us and said. “Keep cool, boys; nothing over there but a few d—d old Yankee cavalry. We'll knock h—ll out of them dlrectlly.” With this he went charging across the plains as fast as Iron Grey could go. We didn't know what was to be done. The Yankee shells were bursting over us all the time and we had to lay. there and take them. Where did old Shanks go? About that time we heard a clattering of musketry down at the railroad crossing, then a rebel yell, then all quiet. Holcomb’s legion, of our brigade, had gobbled up twi.ee their number in Yankee prisoners. Evans saw them with his field glass; thus his hurry when he left us. About 3 p. m. we spied “Shanks” with his main orderly coming again. Old Iron Grey looked like he meant business that time! Close behind Evans there was a terrible dust rising. Some of the dust proved to be from a battery—six gun rifle battery at that. Washington artillery from New Orleans. Evans must have had them hid out somewhere. Lee. Jackson and Longstreet were play ing big cards at that time and Evans was bringing up the rear. They came up in a lope, every French man singing bls own song. They ran up to where Macbeth's artillery was and got in line. The rifle cannon were belching destruction before you could count six and the horses down below us In safety. There never has been such quick work as that in any modern warfare. In fif teen minutes’ time we could all go up on the hill and view Pope’s army skedad dling. About that time we heard Jack son's guns at Massas. We called that “Hamilton's Crossing,” but the other writers call It “Graveyard Hill.” OH HOI WEAK MEN’—Our tmroved vacuum devel oper. guaranteed cheapest. Best on earth for Sexual weakness, stricture, losses, varicocele. Enlarges shrunken organs. Particulars sealed. The Worlds Cure Co.. Denver, Cofa| the Virginia army will know this refrain and it may revive their memories of the long ago: Hooker was supposed to have dispatch ed as follows: ' I thought I'd cross the river And whip out General Lee, But blast his rebel liver, He turned the trick on me. CHORU9. Sixteen, cents a dozen. . A dollar ana a quarter a day, .Joe Hooker is a fine man— So the Yankees say. Brave Sedgwick was commanded ,■ To move upon the right, < When the army landed To move on Marte's Height. I, Fighting Joe Hooker, „ Upon their left bore down. Aiming with quick destruction To flirt them at every bound. A courier now comes hastening, And brings the glorious news That Jackson is skedaddling, And back to Richmond goes. . His words were scarcely spoken When cannon booming near Gave out the startling token Os Stonewa.» in our rear. Confusion now counfounded. Within our ranks prevailed. And leaving dead and wounded, For foreign parts we sailed. The Thirty-eighth Georgia regiment was ordered to Guinea station, just after the battle to guard the prisoners that were to te sent to Richmond. When we arrived. General Jackson, who had been wounded, had already arrived, and was'lr. the Chandler house at Guinea station, where he died on the 10th of May, 1863. Before the death of General Jackson we started with 2,000 prisoners.to Richmond, having to walk the entire distance, and guard them. Our journey was tedious and slow. The dirt road which we traveled was along the railroad, and the Rappa hannock river ran parallel to the road just a few miles to our left. The first day the prisoners planned an escape, which was this: At night they were to overwhelm the guard, seize all the arms, kill the reserve, go down to the river, signal the vessels in the stream which would take them aboard, and they, would be free. The first night we camped near the village of Bowl ing Green. After we struck camp, Cap tain W. L. McLeod, commanding the Thirty-eighth Georgia regiment, went to the village to an entertainment, leaving Captain John G. Rankin in command and who now resides at Stone Mountain, Ga. Captain McLeod had been told of the proposed plans of escape, but he did not believe a word of it. After he rode away. Captain Rankin ordered the men to “fall in” and take arms. He doubled the guard and ordered them to be extra vigilant. He then marched the "reserve" out of sight. There were no fires built and Cap tain Rankin said: “Boys, we will sleep with oae eye open tonight.” Doubling the guard and marching the "reserve” out of sight, of course greatly excited the prisoners. Soon the prisoners began saying “Hello, Johnnie, where is your reserve.” To this question there was no response. These questions were repeated several times until forbearance ceased to be a virtue, and one fellow, more bold than the rest, said: “Your scheme to escape from us tonight has leaked out, and if you make the attempt we are prepared for you and there will be none of you left to tell the tale.” The night wore away and morn ing found us all alive. There was no fur ther attempt on the part of the prisoners to effect their escape, but that was one of the closest calls and to be in suspense for such a length of time was terrible. But for the prompt action of Captain Rankin, and the unseen hand of the God of battles, that we would have been swept out of existence as a regimental organiza tion that night there is not a doubt in my mind. I recently, jpent a day, one of the most pleasant in my memory, with the old hero, Captain Rankin. He is a native of Massachusetts; came to Georgia in his young manhood days and became thor oughly Interested and identified with our people, and there was no more ardent ad vocate and supporter of pur cause than he, and there was not a braver soldier in our Confederate army, and he still re mains true to our cause. He will be 85 years old In next December. He Is feeble, but his mind is as clear and bright as it was 40 years ago, and 'he delights in dis cussing the scenes and trials through which we passed together in the great struggle of the civil war. We delivered the Yankee prisoners to the authorities at Belle Ifile, at Richmond. When we march ed out on Main street we met General Jackson's funeral cortege going into the city. His saddle horse was following the processsion, but without the gallant rider, Stonewall Jackson, who had led us to victory on so many hard fought battle fields. With the death of General Jack eon the Confederate success began to wane, but the great Cod of battles had to remove him before we could be defeated. kinTedwardJhabits. Hit Dally Bill of Fare While Sojourn ing at Homburg. London Times. During this week King Edward has paid several visits to the golf links and has seemed to very much enjoy having a game, but his majesty, though he has improved greatly in his play since last year, is evidently used to a much larger links than the one at Homburg, and it was some time before he could quite cal culate his distances. The first time that his majesty visited the links was on Sat urday afternoon, August 31, when he had two rounds and wonby three holes up. The golf links have ü become the center of Interest since the king has played. On Tuesday the king again spent a con siderable time on the links and had some veVy good matches. In the morning his majesty had had an electric light bath as well as the usual massage and the drink ing of the waters. On the conclusion of his game the king had tea in the golf clubhouse with a very few friends and on his way back to Ritter’s he paid a visit to Mr. Reuben Sasson, who is ill and who has always been a great favorite with his majesty. The king lives very plainly when at Homburg and in strict accordance with the diet prescribed him by his physician. One of his favorite luncheon dishes is Tannus trout, either fried or broiled and this dish is always seen on his table. He is also very fond of vegetables and has a great penchant for chicory. His drink is generally a light 1 Moselle wine. The invariable amusement of his majesty every evening Is bridge whist and It is a sure road to his favor to be able to play the game with skill. Nothing so refreshing as a half wine-glass of DR. BIEOERT’S Angostura Bitters before meals, the South American appetiaer. Beware of imitation. Negro American Dialect. The Independent. When our colonists came to this coun try they brought with them what was then a wealth of literature or written language, almost entirely classic. This soon became the language of the country and through it many words and expres sions that have been retained here, no ticeably by the conservative southerner. From him the negro formed his dialect and. being, in turn, more conservative than his master, has retained longer the older forms of speech. Tn the early, days of the Virginia colony the field negro worked side by side with the bondsmen, who far outnumbered him, and from them took many words and phrases that have simplified his dialect, as it were, making it more intelligible to the outsider than many of the others. A few instances will serve to give some Idea of this conservatism: "Obleeged” was perfectly correct fifty years ago. "Haunts” for ghosts, called "harnts” by the negro, is Shakespearean. The double comparative and double su perlative, for which the negro shows such a fondness, Is classier More sharper than your words.—“ Henry V.” The most unkindest cut of all.—“ Julius Caesar.” Most Boldest and most unkindest.— “Julius CaesAr.” ‘ u Most heaviest.—"Two Gentlemen of Verona.” The sun has rose.—Swift. - 4 Find Bostrom’s Improved Farm Level advertisement, and see what you get free. Some Hotel Figures. From Alnslee’s. Statistics are not very interesting, but there are some stories of the hotels that they alone can tell, and that of the sup plies Is one of them. For instance, during the year 1900 one of these big hotels spent for meats. $2?0,000; for poultry. >113,000; for vegetables, $80,000; for fruit, $42,000; for eggs. $12,000; for butter. $57,000, and for the flowers used in decorations —and there are flowers on the tables every day— s3o,ooo. The Initial investment in silver ware was $250,000. and with the losses that, charitably, are credited to the sou venir erase, and the general wear and tear on table service, about $40,000 a year is spent in keeping this supply up to the hotel’s standard. One New York hotel that suffered severely from the souvenir spoon and ?alt cellar mania adopted sev eral years ago the plan'of notifying guests that each waiter was responsible Indi-1 vidually. for all articles on his table and would have to make good any loss. This reduced the taking of spoons to a robbery of the waiter instead of the hotel, and even the souvenir hunter has some con science about such a theft. In the big gest of New York hotels $50,000 a year is spent in replenishing the linen, and looms in Belfast are busy the year round for it. The expenses of me other hotels for re pairs are proportionately as large, for in the fierce business rivalry of the times none of them can afford to get shabby. SEPTEMBER. September—dreams are In the sound— Dreams in the warm and yellow ground. Dreamt in the ripening leaves of trees And In the drone of lazy bees. —E. C, Thompson. Atlanta’s Public Spirit. Macon News. The fund for the erectioh of a McKinley monument in Atlanta has reached over $5,000. This subscription in itself is a monument to the public spirit and patriotism of the donors. Danger in Soda. Serious Results Sometimes Follow Its Excessive Use. Common soda Is all right in Its place and Indispensable in the kitchen and for cooking •nd washing purposes, but it was never in tended for a medicine, and people who use it as such will some day regret it. We refer to the common use of soda to re lieve heartburn or sour stomach, a habit which thousands of people practice almost daily, and one which Is fraught with danger: moreover the soda only gives temporary idlief and in the end the fetomach trouble gets worse and worse. The soda acts as a mechanical irritant to the walls of the stomach and bowels and cases are on record where it accumulated in the intes tines, causing death by Inflammation or peri tonitis. Dr. Harlandson recommends as the safest and surest cure for sour stomach (acid dyspepsia) an excellent preparation sold by druggists un der the name of Stuart’s Dyspepsia Tablets. These tablets are large !0 grain lozenges very pleasant to taste and contain the natural acids, peptones and digestive elements essential to good digestion, and when taken after meals they digest the food perfectly and promptly be fore It ha’s time to ferment, sour and poison the blood and nervous system. Dr. Wuerth states that he inevitably uses Stuart’s Dyspepsia Tablets in all cases of stomach derangements and finds them a cer tain cure not only for sour stomach, but by promptly digesting the food they create a healthy appetite, increase flesh and strengthen the action of the heart and liver. They are not a cathartic, but intended only for stomach diseases and weakness and will be found re liable in any stomach trouble except cancer of the stomach. All druggists sell Stuart's Dys pepsia Tablets at 50 cts. per package. A little book describing all forms of stomach weakness and their cure mailed free by ad dressing the Stuart Co., of Marshall, Mich. IN THE EDUCATIONAL FIELD - HR ■—• ’k CONDUCTED BY HON. M. B. DENNIS. Compulsory School Education. The doctors are as far from agreeing on the subject of compulsory education as they are usually about almost eyery other question of public concern. Generally they dispute and wrangle among them selves until the notice of the outside world Is attracted and factions among the people are formed, some favoring one side, some the other, the majority, how ever, opposing changes of any sort, for as a rule the great body of the people are against anything that suggests a de parture from the old methods, not al ways because they have any logical rea son for their opposition, but merely be cause it is a change, and they are- slow to take in and weigh and digest the ar guments pro and con and to draw con clusions. Besides, the process of in forming the masses and educating them to promptly and Intelligently draw con clusions and to wisely and fearlessly per form duty is slow and tedious and speedy results cannot be expected. Because of this fact differences often assume unnec essarily large proportions and the possi bility of agreement becomes irrevocably remote. As already hinted, the rule Is not lack ing in its application to the idea of com pulsory education. The doctors are at variance. Mrs. W. H. Felton declares with all the emphasis of her nature that if the people are forced to pay taxes for the education of the children the children should be forced to attend school. Rev. Sam P. Jones, in his original and unique way, on the other hand, declares against public education in any shape, and says that every man who cannot educate his kids independent of the help of the gov ernment should get out of the kid busi ness. When the doctors disagree what can be expected of the common people • but indecision and uncertainty? Compulsory education is one of the com ing questions. Statistics show steady progress. Before many years it will be the rule in these United States. Under the existing conditions of a mixed popula tion its introduction in the south may be retarded, but the day is not distant when some provision will be made to meet this now seemingly impregnable obstacle. From statistics given below it will be seen that with the exception of Kentucky and West Virginia compulsory education is confined to the northern and western states—to those having no negro popula tion of consequence. Since it is doming and promises to be such a live issue the people should study the question and sound its possibilities that they may handle it wisely. The following article favoring compul sory education and written by Professor Philander P. Claxton is strong and worth reading: But the best schools will never eradi cate’ the evil of illiteracy until there is an effective attendance law in every state. To be effective the law must be compulsory, with sufficient penalties to cause it to be obeyed. This has been the experience of all the other states and countries, and we may not expect a dif ferent result here. The sooner we profit by their example the better. At present Austria, France, England, Scotland, Hungary, Italy, Norway, Swe den, Denmark, the Swiss Cantons, the German states, British Columbia, New Zealand, Prince Edward Island, Tas mania, Queensland, South Australia, the provinces of Canada and 32 of the United States have compulsory attendance laws. With a few minor exceptions these laws require attendance six. seven or eight years, from 12 weeks to 10 months annual ly. In all the states in which such laws havs been enforced longer than 25 or 30 yeers the percentage of illiteracy has been reduced to a minimum. These states and countries contain a population of more than 250,000,000 people, the freest'and most progressive in the world—more than 80 per cent of all the people we call enlight ened and progressive. Os the 32 American states having such a law only two—Ken tucky and West Virginia—are southern states. But what has been found good for all these great states and countries will probably not prove otherwise for us, and It is noted with pleasure that the sentiment In favor of such a law is de veloping rapidly in all parts of the south. The following seems to be a fair sum mary of the arguments for compulsory school attendance: 1. Universal education Is essential to the material, intellectual and moral welfare of the state. Illiteracy Is a burden and constant menace to public morals and civil liberty, and threatens the very ex istence of the state. The state provides schools at public expense, collecting money for their support by law and by force. If necessary. It therefore has a right to enfpree attendance, that Its mon ey may not be wasted and that Its Inter ests may be protected. 2. Individual welfare depends on the' general welfare. Having taken the mon ey of one man to educate the children of another, the state must protect that man and his children from the oppression and dangers of illiterate neighbors and fellow citizens. 3. Children have rights as well as par ents and the state must protect them In their rights. Chief among these is the right to such education as will enable them to live useful and happy lives and become intelligent and self-supporting citizens. The importance of this right and the necessity of its being recognized increase as competition becomes more fierce, the use of mactynery nAre com mon, government more democratic, reli gious liberty more perfect and the obli gations of the individual to himself, his family, his country and the world more complex and binding. Especially niust It be regarded in those states in which the right of suffrage depends on educational qualification. 4. Such a law cannot Interfere with any right of parents; for no parent has a right to make a slave of hls child or to rob It of the opportunity of gaining an element ary education. Parents who would com mit this crime against their children should be restrained and punished. Such a law cannot be a burden to those who would educate their children without it. As the laws against stealing are not bur densome to honest men, so a reasonable compulsory law cannot be burdensome to parents who desire to deal honestly and justly with their children. 5. The experience of other states and countries has demonstrated that such laws may be made effective and that they need not work any hardship on individ ual citizens. Teachers, school officers and all leaders of thought in the south must begin and continue to cultivate sentiment on this subject until just laws are on the stat ute books and are properly enforced. The followtrj lists are instructive, showing the difference in the amount of Illiteracy in those states having compul sory attendance laws and those not hav ing such laws. The figures show the per cent of illiteracy among the native white population. It should be remembered that these figures only show the per cent of the population over ten’years old unable to read and write. There is no way of estimating the vast difference in the real quantity of education, but it is much greater; for where nearly all can read and write and the laws compel attendance, four or five months annually for six or eight years, the statistics for a higher grade of education would show a still greater advantage than the statistics ta ken on a basis of mere ability to read and write. It should also be remembered that in some of these states the laws had been in force only a few years before the taking of the census on which the figures are based: Maine, 2.5; New Hampshire, 1.5; Ver mont, 3.2; Massachusetts, 0.8; Rhode Is land, 2.3; Connecticut, 1; New xork, 1.8; New Jersey, 2.7; Pennsylvania. 3.5; Dis trict of Columbia, 1.7; Ohio, 3,5; Indiana, 5.3; Illinois. 3.1; Michigan. 2.5; Wisconsin. 2.1; Minnesota, 1.4; lowa, 1.4; North Da kota, 1.8; South Dakota, 1.2; Nebraska, 1.3; Kansas, 2; Montana. 1.6; Wyoming, 7.3; Colorado, 3.8; Utah, 2.3; Nevada, 0.8; Idaho 1.9; Washington, /1.3; Oregon, 1.8; LAND SHARKS— How They Swindle Honest Advertisers, , \ ■ * * ' ’ - - • ARTHUR K. TAYLOR, In The Inland Printer. While it is not my intention to Inter fere in any way with an honest man’s methods of gaining a livlihood, I be lieve that I owe lt to the craft in general to pay my respects in a few words to the multitude of sharks who go about over the land operating numberless advertising schemes, most of which are promulgated through the agency of printers' ink. It Is needless to say that I do not Include in their number men who make a business of writing or placing legitimate advertis ing, for many of whom I have a bound less admiration, but every printer in ♦he cities and larger’towns knows the class of men I mean, and most of them know tbem to their sorrow. While, perchance, there may be an honest man among them, he has kept himself well in the back ground, and the men by whom he is sur rounded are a slick lot, with whom lying and obtaining money under false pretens es is their stock in trade and their dally vocation. If ode should come to you and contract a bill and pay for it, you can rest assured that he has "jumped” hls board bill, or if he was feeling particularly good, has gone so far out of his usual line as to raise one’s check. If you know to a cer tainty that he has done none of these things, then it is indteed time for you to be on your guard, for a truth he contem plates coming back and cleaning up the whole town; for What man aver knew a man with an advertising scheme to return to a town unless It were to swindle three or four people who were missed the first time he came through that way. Take, for example, the most favorable case you can think of; where a man comes to town, issues a “souvenir” book let of the local militia organization, pays all of his bills and leaves town. Every thing seems to be as straight as a horse trade, but a little Investigation will more than likely show that he claimed, in the first place, that the proceeds were for the benefit of the said military organization, and you will probably find that all they got out of the transaction was fifty copies of the valuable “souvenir.” You will also find that the issue was represented to have been anywhere from ten to fifty times the actual number printed; also, tnat one man will have paid just three times as much as hls neighbor in the next block for space of the same size and In the same relative position. And you will have the further satisfaction of knowing that he made hls collections immediate ly when he presented a press proof of the advertisement. Where you would have been expected to wait anywhere from thirty -to ninety days for your bills, and the satisfaction Is greater for knowing that your bill would represent value to your customer, while the amount of the advertising contract in most instances is chargeable only to the bad side of the profit-and-loss account. Suppose that some of the women con nected with a respected religious organi zation wanted some money for a chari table purpose, and conceived the idea of getting up an entertainment and issuing a program filled with advertisements to help along the case. It would take two Weeks of the hardest kind of work for these women to secure begrudgingly from the “best citizens” enough contracts to represent half of what one of these smooth-tongued, lying sharks would get out of the same respected citizen in two days’ time, and every man who took an advertisement in the church program would feel entitled to much spiritual com fort and satlsfact.on therefor. The following is a typical case, ab solutely true. A young/man representing himself to be connected with a local hos pital gets an estimate on a lot of posters with a large Greek cross in the center, within tne outlines of which appeared directions as to what to do until the doctor comes In cases of accidents, and on ♦ ♦♦♦♦♦♦♦llll!♦♦♦ l ll»♦♦♦♦♦♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ REGINALD THE “ORIGINAL.” ♦ ♦ Newport’s Latest. ♦ *♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦|!♦♦♦♦»! 111!♦♦♦♦♦ Ever since the red-letter day when Reginald donned long trousers and read the society page he had a wild ambition to visit Newport—gay Newport—with its scintillations, originalities and eccentri cities. And now, after almost hopeless waiting. It seemed as though the one wish of his young heart would be fulfilled. And it all happened this Way. Reginald dis covered that he was immensely popular with the ladies. There was no doubt about this. Whenever! he favored a straw ride or a lawn fete with hls presence he was certainly "It.” The bevy of giddy girlhood would surround him with flakes of chewing gum and literary criticisms. The chaperons and girls the least bit re served would stand on the rim of the en thusiastic circle and admire hls uphol stered shoulders and genuine Panama. So it was not very long before Reginald had a bad case of enlarged cranium. He considered the position of local Hon a lit tle too shallow and decided to strike out for deeper water. There i$ much deep Irater around New port and consequently the “city by the sea” was Reginald’s destination. On the way to the station he stopped in a small street and had his head examined by a phrenologist. With breathless suspense he heard the venerable sjage announce that the largest bumps on hls head meant originality. Reginald could have shouted. With originality and fdmlnine popularity his Newport career was assured, so he purchased a.good supply of open-clock hosiery and a few neckties and took the limited express. Going down in the cnair car Reginald constructed mental pictures of being run over by a billionaire’s' automobile and wedding a rich widow, purely the future was rosy. I It was Reginald’s third day at New port, and the enterprising young gallant found that, in spite or his accomplish ments, he was a back number in the smart circle. He had i|o many rivals. Foremost was Harry, wio had conceived the wonderful pajama dance on the beach at midnight. Then there was Freddy, who inaugurated the red shoelace fad, to say nothing of Willlh, wh) had run down six persons with his "Black Devil.” These youthful lights w;re the Hons of the day, and when Reg nald was pre sented to anyone he was compelled to fall back on the weather for a talking sub ject. But, though Reginald was some what discouraged he was far from daunted. One night, as he rolled over his pillow and tugged at the hair on his origi nal bump, a great idea flashed through his mind. All great ideas are meteoric. For being bizarre this* scheme would eclipse every monkey race! and medicine ball ever conceived by the “originals” of the beach. Next day there was a secret conference held in a cottage some distance back from the sea. Reginald presided, and those of the exclusive set who were pres ent were captivated by his unique scheme. He was congratulated and assured of their support. Some days after the secreit conference California, 1.7. North Carolina, 23; South Carolina, lig.l; Alabama, 18.4; Virginia, 14; Georgia, 15.5; Louisiana. 20.3; Arkansas, 16.6; Tennessee, 18; Texas, Mississippi, 11.9; Maryland, 5.9; Florida, 11.3. the remaining parts of the sheet appeared the advertisements of druggists, dealers in surgical instruments, etc. A call at the hospital reveals that the officials were contemplating such an advertisement. The worx is printed, the solicitor orders the posters sent to the hospital, after getting enough out of the package to use In collec-.ng his contracts. When the hos pital officials get their first statement showing what they owe for the posters. It is disclose- that they had only given per mission for their advertisement to appear on the sheet, and that they were In no wise responsible for the bill. There is nothing too sacred nor an oc casion fraught with too much reverence to serve as an opportunity for these swin dling fakers to ply their schemes. Churches are a f.Qr.-thelf<- - cupidity, and a popular scheme Is for them to Issue a "souvenir 1 iStory" of the church, Illustrated by a few cheap half tones, and ts they can get hold of an eaey-going pestor whom they can soft soaj> into getting hls permission to print his portrait in. the front of the “souvenir” —it means a goodly array of dollars In their pockets. Should you get an order to print one of these church souvenirs you need not be surprised if you are called upon by the “publisher” to pay the C. O.’ D. bill for his half-tone illustrations and on being asked to hold advertising con tracts as collateral for the amount in volved. Did you ever notice that when an ad vertising publication is Issued, say by au thority or under the auspices of the local board of trade, to bring before the admir ing eyes of the world the wonderful in stitutions and industries of the town, how, as shown by the illustrations and adver tisements, the ttxwn consists mostly of breweries and liqxior dealers, with just enough churches to help maintain a re spectable balance? Every man who works one of these ad vertising schetnes has worked it so often that he has become familiar with every detail of the printing involved, and he can tell to a nicety just how much it will cost and how long it will take to do the job. He will ask you how much you pay for your paper and Is always ready to tell you that you do not know how to buy it, and that he can get it for 25 per cent less and will probably assume a much injured air and will ask if you expect him to pay for your own lack of facilities, and the end of it all is that he frequently gets a much lower price than you would quota honest customers. Granting that you are willing to be a party to the swindling of your neighbors and customers, there is only one safe way to deal with men with advertising schemes when they want you to do work for them, and that is to get your money in advance in cash—not advertising contracts; and I know a man in the printing business, a man who knows what he is talking about, and hls advice is that after you have set a good price for your work that a round figure be added to it to cover the wear and tear that the reputation of your establish ment suffers in being identified in any way with such questionable characters as ' advertising solicitors. If a man with an advertising scheme comes to you to have it printed, you are perfectly warranted In doing any of three things: First, plead an unprecedented rush of business and refer him to your dearest competitor; second, charge him two prices for the job in loving remembrance of the printer he swindled in the last town, and see that it Is all paid In advance; third, in extreme Instances, turn him over to a policeman as a suspicious character. oXbtohia.. Bean ths 11* Kind Yofl Haw Always Bought Signature , of in the cottage the manager of a beach .hotel received a peculiar offer. Some dozen society stars wished to exchange places with tile help and run the hostelry for one day. There were too many big names to refuse, so the manager smiled and wrote back an acceptance of the offer. Next day he told hls help to take a holiday. In a few hours a great sensation was flashed across the country. Mrs. Tan Ruckle, the wife of the great railroad magnate, was seen washing dishes in a hotel at Newport. Mrs. Minnow, the ac knowledged leader of beach society, was seen making up beds. Mrs. De Ville and Mrs. Smythe were washing windows. Messrs. Pembrook and Bjones and several other social Hons were acting as waiters. As for Reginald, he was just "Buttons.” “What new brilliancy Is this?” asked th» society reporter. “Truly, the brains of Newport are very active!” It was a great victory for Reginald. He reached the pinnacle of popularity and married a rich widow. It is said he can not enter a ballroom without a hush fall ing upon the assemblage. Don’t go west, young man; go to Newport. If you are called a crank at home you will be suc cessful at the "city by the sea.” Dear Dear Mother-eyes That watched while other eyes were closed in Bleep, That o'er my sliding steps were wont to weep— Are ye now looking from the starry skies. With clearer spirit-vision, love more deep. Vndimmed by tears, while I my vigil keep— Dear Mother-eyes? « Dear Mother-hands That toiled when other hands inactive were, » That, clasping mine, constrained me oft to prayer For grace to run the way of God s com mands — Are ye now resting or in realms more fair Still find ye some sweet mode to minister — Dear Mother-hands? Dear Mother-Heart That felt the good where others found the ill. That loathed the sin, yet loved the sinner still, And charmed his soul to choose the better part. Farewell a moment’s fleeting space until God reunites us when it be His will — Dear Mother-heart. —John Henderson in Chambers’s Journal. Rain and sweat \\ v\ ■ ■ have no effect on Mv M X Y*> If ■ 1 harness treated tsl flt I with Eureka Har- ■ ■ ness Oil. It re- \ ■ sists the damp, way \ \ . I -HARNESS I S harness not ,\A \ \ jS only keeps £J X’J'X \ ' E ■ looking like wnK hA \ ■ new, but I T ■ wears twice B[ ZZ-. ■ as long by the t-A&j • Jt J | ■ use of Eureka jSI JjC? \a . xw" J ■ Harness Oil. <4 **' \\ I IfiEHKMp/ Sold ft mtytim \ f‘X \ ' 1\ JL\ Av' in cans— I \ Ij/\ \ \\!/ J, \'\l' all sires. /Vk ' (/ \ > Made by Standard Oil /j X \ \ .. Company // \