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Atlanta SeinixWeeklji VOL. IV. GENERAL ASSEMBLY'S ANNUAL SESSION MUCH BUSINESS BEFORE BOTH HOUSES—MANY NEW BILLS ARE OFFERED. With almost every member of the lower Souse of the general assembly in his Beat the house of representatives was called to order by Speaker Little yester day morning at M o'clock. The galleries of the house were well filled with a large number of interested spectators who gave close attention to the proceedings. * The house loot no time in proceeding with the transaction of business. The members were in the capitol early greeting many old friends and political associates. The members re-entered upon the dis charge of their duties with vim and the opening acene was one of activity. After Speaker Little called the house to order Chaplain Robert H. Harris, of Col lege Park, offered prayer. Rev Mr. Harris made a fervent appeal for divine guidance in the present session. The roll was called at the conclusion prayer. Upon Speaker Little calling the atentlon of the house loJje_proprlety of calling the attention of the governor to the fact that the house was in session. Mr. Slaton of Fulton offered a resolution that a com mittee be appointed consisting of five from the house and three from the senate to notify the go'-ernor that the house is tn session and ready for the transaction of business. Grice of Pulaski moved a suspension of the rules for the election of a messenger. A message from the senate that the governor- be notified of the session of tha general assembly being received the for mer resolution by Mr. Slaton was recon sidered and the resolution of the senate concurred in. Mr. Hardwick, of Washington, asked that Mr. Grice withdraw his motion for the election of a messenger pending the qualification of two new members of the house. The motion was withdrawn by Mr. Grice. The senate was then notified that the house was in session and ready for busi ness The introduction of new business was then taken up. The first bill was presented by Johnson, of Bartow to amend an act regarding the appointment of arbitrators in settling tax returns of railroads. Also by Johnson of Bartow—To amend section 808 of the code. By Har<in of Chatham —To protect game, singing birds and other insectivar ious birds and animals and prescribing penalty for inflicting injury on these birds or animals. Referred to the general ju diciary committee. i: Private Secretary Hitch presented to the house the message of Governor A. D. Candler. It was received and Everett, of Stewart, moved that the message be read. Clerk Boifeuillet began reading the mes sage. Boswell, of Greene, at the conclusion of the reading of the governor’s message, moved that s*X> copies of the message be printed. . Memorial resolutions were offered by several members on the Beath of Messen ger Durham and Representative J. H. JfrWfWßtarr nf Oglethorpe. These resolu tions were adopted. Art invitation was extended to the bouse from the citizens of Macon to visit that city during the Elks' fair. Mr. Slaton, of Fulton, offered a resolution that the mem bers of the house go to Macon tomorrow — the senate concurring. Mr. Grice of Pulaski objected, recalling the famous jaunt of the members to Val dosta. Further Mr. Grice said the mem bers should not run away at the very beginntng of the session. Mr. Slaton ingeniously defended his res olution and said it would be an act of sim ple courtesy to accept the invitation. Hardwick of Washington, said that it was time for the house to stop going off to fairs, excursions and exhibitions. Mr. Felder of Bibb, said that Macon would be glad to entertain the members of the bouse If they wished to go. He said he would give them all something to see. He thought the house could not honor it self more than by honoring the patriots of the Confederate reunion. Morris of Cobb, moved that the resolu tion be tabled. The resolution was ta bled. The call of the roll of counties for the , introduction of new business was re sumed. By Hitch of Chatham, a bill to tax leg acies. heritages and other property by will or otherwise in contemplation of death. Referred to committee on ways and meazute A communication was read from the givemor notifying the house that succes sors to Representatives McWhorter, of Oglethorpe, and Johnson, of Jefferson, had been elected. G. D. Johnson will succeed T. P. John son and W. M. Willingham will succeed Mr. McWhorter. They were sworn in by Justice Lumpkin. Other bills were then presented. By Grice of Pulaski—To regulate the •ale of liquors in this state. By Lane of Sumter—To provide for panel of eight jurors for city court of Americus and other purposes. By Steed of Taylor—To provide for no return of fertilisers for taxation where ■ the land upon which the fertilisers are to be placed is given in. By Slaton of Fulton—That the acts of the legislature and Georgia since 1891 be supplied to the United States circuit court of appeals. The rules were again suspended and the election of a messenger was taken up. The following were nominated: John W. McCurdy, of DeKalb; O. H. Contrill, of Butts; Cheater Pearce, of Houston; G. A. Coffee, of Gordon; H. W. Powell, of Dooly; Thomas R. Penn, of Jasper; W. P. Thomas, of Telfair, and W. F. Milner, of Fulton. The first ballot resulted as follows: McCurdy. 19; Cantril, H; Pearce. 9; Cof fee. $7; Powell. »; Penn, 45; Thomas, 5. Mr. Milner s name was withdrawn dur ing the first ballot. Upon announcing the vote and no noml- ■ nee receiving a requisite majority, a sec | and ballot was ordered. Before the begin ning of the second ballot the name of Mr. ’ Pearce was withdrawn. During the calling of the roll for the ! second ballot the names of all the nom inees were withdrawn except Mr. Penn, who at Its conclusion was declared elect ad. having received IS votes. Upon the resumption of business Rep resentative Felder, of Bibb, offered a reso lution that all Confederate veterans who •re members of the house be excused on 94th and Sth to attend Confederate reunion at Macon. The roll eall for the introduction of new ’ Business was again resumed. A motion to adjourn was defeated and the call of the roll was proceded with. J By Wright of Floyd—To make it a mis demeanor for anyone to accept more than twenty-five per eent interest on loans. By King and Houston of Fulton—To reg elate the practice and procedure of jus tice courts in cities of 90,000 or more pop ulation. By Wright of Floyd—That damages He against litigant? wbc carry cases to the supreme court without reasonable cause. By Symonds of Glynn—For the establish ment in some county in South Georgia of an agricultural experiment station. By Park of Greene—That the decision of three-fourths of the members of a jury make a verdict. By O’Connell of Richmond—To prohibit employment of children under ten years of age in cotton mills. Ey Hardwick of Washington—To make it a crime for any intoxicated person to appear in a public place and punishment therefor. By Franklin and Hardwick of Washing ton—To amend section 574 of volume 1 of the code of 1896. Was on Tallahassee. Mr. T. R. Penn, of Monticello, Jasper county, who was elected messenger of the house of representatives yesterday, has a good history. He served on the Tallahas see. one of the famous privateers of the Confederate states. Captain Wood was commander. The Tallahassee ranked next to the Alabama In doing damage to the enemy's ships, capturing sixty-two ves sels on one trip, the Adriatic, among others. Which had on board five hundred foreigners coming to America to enlist tn the Federal army. Since the war he has lived in Jasper county, having been sheriff of the county and superintendent of public roads. His wife and daughters. Miss Maude and Martha Penn. own. edit and publish The Jasper County News, a ven uccess ful paper. SENATE WAS PROMPT IN BEGINNING BUSINESS. At five minutes past 10 o'clock Hon. Clark Howell, president of the senate, ascended the rostrum and rapped for or der. Then, when order was obtained, the blind chaplain of the senate. Rev. J. A. Watkins, came to the front of the ros trum and offered prayer, invoking divine blessing upon the forthcoming session. The routine resolutions that the gov ernor and house be notified the senate was In session and ready to do business were then offered and adopted and the journal of the last meeting read. A messenger from the house was ad mitted with a message to the effect that the house was in session and also with a message to the effect that the house had concurred In the routine resolution that a joint committee be appointed to notify the governor that the house and senate were in session and ready for business. Senator Ellis then submitted an invita tion on behalf of the city of Macon In viting the senate to attend the Confed erate reunion there. Following this invitation a messenger brought in the governor's message, and its reading was thereupon immediately be gun. The document was listened to with a great show of interest on the part of the senators, especially those portions which dealt with the deficiency in the state treasury and recommended retrenchment in school and pension appropriations, and which urged immediate action looking to the rebuilding of the Soldiers' Home, and which suggested that certain changes be made in the constitution of the state. Senator Grantland moved that 100 cop ies of the message be printed for the use of the senate. Senator Sullivan then offered a resolu tion providing that a committee of two from the senate and three from the house be appointed to confer with the archi tects for the purpose of arranging to ren ovate and preserve the capitol building. Senator Sullivan and Senator Stone were named as the senate's representatives on the committee. NORTH CAROLINA COPPER. Two Million Dollars Worth of Copper In Dump. CHARLOTTE, N. C., Oct. 22.—Richard H. Edmonds, editor of The Manufactur ers’ Record, stopped here over night, leav ing yesterday for Birmingham, where he will meet tomorrow Mr. J. Stephen Jeans, secretary of the British Iron Trade asso ciation, and several of his colleagues who have come to this county to study the iron and steel interest and its relation to simi lar Interests in their country. Mr. Edmonds is enthusiastic over the re sults of the copper mining in Rcfcan coun ty, North Carolina. He says that enor mous veins of refractory copper ore ex tend from Halifax, Va., through this sec tion to northern Alabama, and that the development of this ore means great wealth, and that cotton will not continue the principal source of Income to the south. Mr. Edmonds says that he was informed that there is now on the dumps at the Union copper mine, in Rowan, cop per ore which will yield $2,000,000 worth of metal. The editor is inclined to credit Mr. Walter George Newman, the promo ter of the Union company with the credit for the opening of the mines. It was through his effort that nearly $2,000,009 have been spent in development. A Charlotte man, by the way, relates the story of an encounter with Mr. New man that trill bear telling. On one occa sion he traveled with Mr. Newman from New York to Washington. After they were comfortably settled in the smoking room Mr. Newman rang for the porter and told him to fetch his hand-satchel. The porter brought the bag. Which jingled melodiously as he placed it on the floor at Mr. Newman's feet. With a weary, blase air, Mr. Newman opened the satch el. and the Charlotte man said that the first thing he saw was about three quarts of 230 gold pieces. In the satchel, scattered loosely, were many bills of large denomi nations. And. in fine, the Charlottean de clared that in less than five minutes Mr. Newman showed to him that he carried in the satchel and in his pockets nearly SIOO,- 000 in cash. The Charlotte man said that the thrist for wealth came surging over him and he proposed a game of setback—just to kill time. They played for a dollar a game, and when the train reached Washington he had lost just exactly 20 straight games to Newman, and was able to contribute another S3O gold piece to the worthy cause of copper mining. THE HUNTER WAS DEAD. Nimrod's Body Was Found in Ditch Where Death Overtook Him. WEST POINT. Ga.. Oct. 23—Henry Goodman, a negro on Mr. H. W. Miller's plantation, in Harris county, went pos sum hunting several days ago. He did not return and fbul play was suspected. Three days afterwards the body of the negro was found in a twelve-foot ditch, where he had fallen and his neck had been brok en by the fall. Near the dead man was found a possum still living, a split stick clasping the animal's tail showed why he was still captive and had not es caped. Lectures on McKinley's Life. HUNTSVILLE. Ala, Oct. 22.-Hon. Chas. P. Lane delivered a fine address at the public schools yesterday. He eulo gised the life of the lamented William McKinley and emphasised the fact that no one can be great unless he is good. Mr. Lane spoke of the new constitution, and when it is ratified, he said, the schools of the state will prosper as never be fore. The appropriation for school pur poses has been doubled and every ad vantage will be given for the enterprising young men and women of the state to se cure an education. Mr. Lane Is getting everything in readiness for the organisa tion of his new party in this state, and, of course, is kept very busy in addition to bis duties as a newspaper man. He L»r political reform in Alabama. ATLANTA, GEORGIA, THURSDAY, OCTOBER 24, 1901. GOVERNOR'S MESSAGE TOTHELEGISLATURE A VERY STRONG PAPER SUBMIT- TED ON AFFAIRS OF THE STATE, • Governor Candler’s annual message to the general assembly of Georgia was read before both houses of that body this morning and was well received. The governor introduced his recommen dation with a brief prologue to the effect that the state is in an especially flourish ing industrial condition. The taxable values of the property of the state has increased forty-three and a half millions of dollars In the last three years, and the credit of no state in the union is better than that of Georgia, she having had no dif ficulty in borrowing to pay arrearages due her teachers up to the limit prescribed in the constitution, and at the remarkably low rate of 2 per cent per annum, and this, too, from her own banks, not a dollar having been borrowed outside her own borders. For full and detailed information as to the operation of the various departments of the state, the governor refers the gen eral assembly to the reports of the heads of those various departments. He takes occasion, however, to declare that all of them have been ably and economically conducted, and that several, notably the university, are flourishing now as they never flourished before. CONDITION OF THE TREASURY. From the reports of the comptroller and the treasurer, herewith submitted, it will be seen that the total receipts at the treasury for the fiscal year ending on the 30th day of September were 33,804,195 and the total disbursements for the same period were 33,489.619. The amount of cash In the treasury on the 30th of September was 3730,722. Os this amount 3100,000 was sink ing fund and 3444,208 was money derived from the sale of public property, and is not availa ble for general purposes. Hence the actual cash In the treasury available for general purposes September 30th was 3186,514. The total of all appropriations from the state treasury made at the last session of the general assembly, including 383,000 to pay pen sions to indigent widows of deceased Confed erate soldiers, is 33,706.000. The total estimated receipts at the treasury from all sources at the maximum rate of taxation allowed by the tax act for the present year will be 33.566,000. Thus it will be seen that the appropriations ex ceed the Income of the state by 3140.000 if pensions are to be paid for the present year to indigent widows of deceased soldiers. But the appropriation of 315.000 for the public printing fell short by 39,200 of being sufficient to meet the demands upon it; the appropria tions for pensions fell short 35.720, and that for contingent expenses 32,000. These three items, aggregating nearly 317.000, must be added to the 31*1.000 deficiency, which gives us a total deficiency of 3157,000 for the present year, if S melons are to be paid to the Indigent widows. ut the presumption is that the general as sembly did not Intend that these pensions should be paid this year unless there should be in the treasury a surplus unappropriated sufficient to pay them, for the act of appropriation ex pressly declares that they are "to "be paid out of any money In the treasury not otherwise ap propriated." If this construction of the act is correct and it was the intention of the gen eral assembly to pay them next year, but not to pay them this, unless there was a sufficient unappropriated surplus In the treasury to do so, the actual deficiency to be met this year is 374.000. aside from about 3840.000 which will be due the teachers in the public schools and 3200,- 000 money borrowed and paid to them. For next year. 1902. the deficiency will be this amount augmented by $145,000 to pay pen sions to 2,925 new pensioners. Including the indigent widows, whose names have been added to the pension rolls during the year; $24,000 to be paid for insurance and at least 320,000 for the support of the state troops; In all a total deficiency for the year 1902 flf no new appro priations, are mads at this session) Os 3263.000. This year we have had to pay for no Insurance, all the state property being covered by policies taken out in. 1899. nor was anything appro priated for the support of the military, the state troopg.having bean this jar out of the appropriaton made for their support in 189*. not then applied tp that purpose, but diverted temporarily to the payment oi eX genses In organising troops for the war with pain and subseuently refunded to the state by the general government. There are three ways in which it is possi ble to meet these deficiencies—raise your rate of taxation, reduce some of the appropriations made at your last session or apply the public property fund now in the treasury to the pay ment of the interest on the public debt. The first of these should not be considered. The people, whose servants we are, want taxes lowered, not raised. The second, while It is practicable, will probably be deemed inexpe dient by the general assembly. We, therefore, have left for consideration only the third, the use in payment of the interest on the public debt of the fund derived from the sale of pub lic property. This fund is dedicated by the constitution “to the payment of the bonded debt of the state, and shall not be used for any other purpose whatever.” If the semi-annual in stallments of interest we pay on the bonded debt are a part of the debt, there can be no doubt about our lawfully using this fund to pay interest. In that event the money raised by taxation for the purpose of paying interest can be applied to the payment of these defi ciencies and we can at the same time even lower the rate of taxation, for the amount of money now in the treasury derived from the sale of public property is larger than the total amount of all the deficiencies except that in the school fund, to meet which a plan is sug gested elsewhere. My own opinion is that the interest on the debt is a part of the debt, and that the public property fund can. without vio lating the letter or the spirit of the consti tution be applied to the payment of interest til! all of it has been, applied In this way. I therefore advise that the general assembly carefully consider the matter, and unless it can be made clearly to appear that the inter est on the bonded debt is not a part of the bonded debt as contemplated In the constitu tion, an act be passed authorising and direct ing the governor to apply the money now in the treasury derived from the sale of public property, or so much thereof as may be nec essary, to the payment of the semi-annual in terest on the bonded debt, and that the money which will be realised under the provisions of the tax act approved December 21, 1900( intend ed to be applied to the payment of the inter est on the bonded debt, be used to supply the deficiencies in revenue for the years 1961 and 1902. PENSION APPROPRIATIONS DEFICIENCY. As has already been stated, there was a de ficiency in the appropriations to pay pensions for the present year of 35.720—31.900 in the appropriation for disabled Confederate soldiers and 33,820 In that for widows of deceased sol diers. To devise means to meet these deficien cies I called into consultation the attorney general, the presiding officers of the senate and house of representatives and the chairmen of the appropriation committees of the two houses of the general assembly. It was unan imously agreed that it was the Intention of the legislature to make provisions for the payment of all whose names were on the pension rolls and that the deficiency was due to miscalcula tions. By the advice of the officers above named, following an established precedent. I by executive orders directed the treasurer to transfer to the pension funds named 35.720 to meet the deficiencies and to pay all of the two classes of pensioners to whom pensions were due. To cover the amounts thus paid out in excess of the amounts appropriated at your last session for these two classes of pensioners, I ask the general assembly to make a supple mental appropriation at this session. He submits figures and statements to show the utter inadequacy of the contin gent fund, and urges that rewards be not longer paid from it. but from the fund arising from the hire of convicts. PUBLIC SCHOOLS. It Is my duty again to call the attention of the general assembly to the unsatisfactory working of our common school system. For many years past the funds collected by taxa tion for the support of the schools in any given year have had to be applied almost entirely to the payment of teachers for work done the year before, thus leaving but little to support the schools for the current year. To remedy this evil as far as possible the legislature in 1897 passed an act authorizing the treasurer to advance to the school fund out of the general fund in the treasury on the Ist day of April tn each year 5400.000 to be returned to the general fund out of the school taxes when col lected during the following fall and winter. This he was able to do. because there was always In the treasury on the Ist day of April the sinking fund of 3100,000. and the fund de rived from the sale of public property approx imating 3300.006. both dedicated to the pay ment of the bonded debt, neither of which would be needed for this purpose until the amount loaned to the school fund ill the spring would be paid back. In this way, and by re sorting in two instances to temporary loans, the teachers were partially paid, but for the bulk of their earnings they had to wait till the end of the year. At the beginning of the pres ent year the amount available for the payment of teachers, exclusive of these two funds, was but little more than sufficient to pay them for one month's work, and the state treasurer, doubting the constitutionality of the use for any purpose, even temporarily, of funds set apart for the payment of the principal and in terest of the bonded debt, declined to advance to the school fund any part of these funds and declined, after he had exhausted the balance of ths school fund remaining after paying ar- LOOK LABEL. From the small label pasted on your paper you will see the date your sub scription expires. If yeu have not already sent your renewal, we hope you will send It without delay, bo as not to miss an is sue of the paper. You need a reliable newspaper like the Scad-Weekly Journal, with its elaborate news service to keep you posted. rears due to teachers! for Isst year’s work, to pay my warrants drajra on him to pay teach e*To settle the question finally. I directed the attorney general to bring mandamus proceed ings against the treasurer, and let the supreme court settle the question. This he did, and the court sustained the position of the treasurer. Up to this time the teaohers had been paid for only one month’s wv>rk and there was in the treasury available for the support of the schools only 377,000. To supplement this sum and pay the teachers for another month's work, or as much thereof as possible. 1 borrowed two hun dred thousand dollars—all I was permitted by the constitution to borrow, and paid them 75 per cent of their second month's earnings. Thus they hrave been paid about 3662.000. and there will be due them at the end of the year about $840,000. to which must be added the 3200,000 borrowed and paid to them. When this Is done the total Indebtedness of the state on account of free schools will be kbout 31.040,000. which has to be provided for s*me how or other, and this trouble will recur jfeSr after year till the general assembly appllea a remedy. In another part of this message I have suggested what seems to me to be the only feasible way of paying off and getting rid of this annually re curring deficiency in school revenues. When this deficiency is'made up and teachers are paid all that is due them, legislation is necessary to put our schools on a safe business footing. In my last annual -message I suggested what I believed to bt a solution of the problem. I advised that a change!be made in the mode of raising revenue for the support of our free schools so as to divide tlte burthen between the state and the counties. I said, and I now repeat, that "it will be found upon investigation, that Georgia pays a larger percentage of her total revenue to the support of her common school than any other state in the union, while local communities, with the exception of our cities and some of the larger towns, contribute noth ing to this puqjose. Counties, with two or three exceptions, and most of the towns, pay nothing, but look to the state for everything. This fos ters a spirit of paternalism utterly repugnant to our theory of government and destructive at the self-reliance and indlxqduallty of the citi zen. In New England. w>e cradle of common schools, where they have reached their greatest perfection, the mudsill c* the system is local taxation supplemented bj* state aid. We should profit by the experience {of these older states and amend our system solas to conform to that which experience has demonstrated to be best. Under the present law eointles may Impose up on themselves taxes to Bid in the support of schools, but they do not do ft because the law Is not compulsory, but tnfiely permissive. It Is not right for the state to bbar all of this bur then, neither is It expedient The law should re quire a part of it to be torae by' the c-euntles. This would not only be m*re equitable and just to the taxpayers, but it Would be to the best Interest of the schools and teachers, who are the chief sufferers under the present unsatisfac tory system. Under the proposed change patrons would feel more responsibility for and take more Interest in their school and in the' selec tion of teachers, the sta» ard of scholarship in our country schools woull be elevated and the results would be satlsfac ory. to both patrons and teachers, the am™ nt of local taxation for the support of school i would be Increased from year to year, the a ihool term would be lengthened, teachers would be better paid, and the taxpayers would be bq ter satisfied with the burthen put upon them. ■ I therefore recommend that the law be so amended as to fix the state school fund at sl.- 000,000 per annum, to be fflftributed among the counties as now provfded-ty raw, but that the amount apportioned to no ftounty shall be avail able until that county shalyhave raised by tax ation upon the taxable prjtoerty within its own borders, an amount not flfiss than 46 per cent of its share of the state Behool fund.” WE MUST RBfRENCH. In 1883 the state tax »vy was $2.50 on the thousand, but steadite >crea*ed year after year Uli in 1898 U h«» on the thousand, notwithstanding the taxable values of the property of the state had in the mean time Increased more than a hundred millions of dollars. The Increase in the county rate in most of the counties had kept pace, as is almost invariably the case, with the increase in the state rate, and when to these heavy state and county levies was added in the towns and cities a constantly increasing municipal rate, these accumulated taxes became so onerous that the taxpayei-s justly complained under the burthen, and all over the state there was a demand for retrenchment. Believing this de mand to be just, and that the people ought not to be so heavily burthened, I, in a special message to the general assembly in November, 1898, urged retrenchment, and the greatest pos sible reduction in the state tax rate. To this end I recommended that the pension laws be so amended as to grant pensions only to "those Confederate soldiers and those widows of Confederate soldiers who actually need the aid of the state to supply their necessities and save them from want.” I also advised that the act of a former legislature adding, on pa per, to the common school fund $400,000, but providing no means of paying it be repealed After much discussion the pension laws were left Intact and the direct appropriation from the state treasury for the support of the com mon schools was fixed at SBOO,OOO tn addition to the poll taxes, the specific taxes, the hire of convicts, the half rental of the state road. etc. Thus we were enabled to reduce the tax rate for the year 1899 from $6.21 to $5.36, and for the year 1900 to $5.20. But at your last session so many extraordina ry demands were made upon the treasury by the various institutions supported partly or wholly by the state, that you to meet these demands raised the tax rate from $5.20 to $5.44, and this increase of 24 mills will fall short by $74,000 of raising revenue sufficient to meet the appro priations made at your last session, notwith standing the taxable values of the state have increased in the last three years more, than $40,000,000. We are thus confronted with a de ficiency in revenue of $74,000 in addition to the pensions allowed Indigent widows and not yet paid, and more than a million which will be due the teachers of the common schools at the end of the present year, which can be met only in the unsatisfactory way of the past, by apply ing the money which ought to go to pay them next year to the payment of arrearages due them for work done in this. While the state has seldom, if ever, been more prosperous and neither her credit nor that of any other state has ever been better, the system heretofore em ployed in the management of her fiscal affairs, so far as it relates to the common schools and pensions, is not satisfactory. We should be honest and candid with the teachers and pen sioners and taxpayers. No statute should be al lowed to remain on the books declaring that teachers shall be paid monthly or even quar terly, when no money is provided to pay them. It is misleading, unfair and unjust. The enactment that indigent widows of de ceased Confederate soldiers shall be paid a pen sion of S6O a year when no money has been pro vided to pay them, is a delusion and a disap pointment. When promises to pay money arc made, no matter to whom, the money should be provided to meet them. Let us get back to the old rule, "pay as you go.” But how din we do this. There are but two ways, either increase taxes or reduce appropriations. The former rem edy is not to be thought .of. Taxes should not bo increased for any purpose whatever, except those named in the constitution. We must therefore reduce appropriations from the public treasury. We cannot reduce appropriations to pay the principal and Interest on the public debt, for these are fixed charges that must be met at whatever sacrifice. We cannot retrench in ap propriations for the support of the civil estab lishment. for the government of no other state in the union of the size and importance of Georgia is administered at less cost. We cannot afford to starve out Institutions for the blind, the deaf, the insane, for this would be cruel and inhuman. In a word there are but two appropriations we can reduce so as to make any reduction in the tax rate—the one for schools, the other for pensions. These two objects ab sorb nearly two-thirds of the entire income of the state. You may abolish every salary in the state and require every officer, legislative, ex ecutive and judicial, to work for nothing, and you would not reduce to any appreciable ex tent the rate of taxation. If appropriations such as have been made in the recent past for schools and pensions continue to be made. But for these two drains on the treasury the state government could be supported and ample pro vision made for the public debt without levying a dollar of proj>erty tax. The rental of the state road, the license and specific taxes, and the hire of the convicts, would pay all else and there would be a sur plus left. I repeat, therefore, that the only places where the knife can be applied is to the appropriations for schools and pensions. Confine pensions to those surviving Confederate soldiers and the widows of those who are dead, who are physically unable to support them selves by their labor and who have no other means of support, and confine your free schools to "the elementary branches of an English education only," as provided, by the constitu tion. In this way and in no other you can materiality reduce your tax rate. For purpos es qf higher education let each community Im pose local taxes to supplement the state's ap propriation. This is the law and this is equity and justice, and anything beyond this is unlaw ful. unnecessary and unjust. The governor says that the only objec- MISS STONE SILENTi SEARCHERS AT SEA NO TIDINGS HAVE BEEN RECEIV- ED FROM KIDNAPED WOMAN IN A FORTNIGHT. NEW YORK, Oct. 22.—From Samakov correspondents The Journal and Adver tiser has obtained the following details concerning the pursuit of the kidnapers of Miss Stone, the American missionary: "Your correspondent has just returned to Samakov after a fortnight’s vain en deavor to get into communication with the brigands. At Diumeyer, the Kaimen or local governor refused to give a writ ten statement, but told your correspond dent of the track taken by the brigands into Bulgarian territory. “The brigands are still wandering round that region near Gultepe and the two gov ernments with gendarmerie, soldiers and secret agents are trying to find them. The four brigands who have been arrested stoutly maintain that they are not con nected with the band that captured, Miss Stone. I have been summoned to appear at Dubnltza and be examined by a Turk ish special commission. This may be a Turkish effort to make Protestants appear as accomplices in the Stone capture. “Owing to the severe frost here, in the mountains, all efforts to send parcels of cloths and necessaries to Miss Stone, who must be suffering from the cold, have been baffled. "All attempts to communicate with the brigands have been unsuccessful. The ban dits are apparently afraid of treachery and are determined not to disclose their hiding place.” DOG’S LOVE FOR WOMAN. LASTED AFTER HER DEATH. With a little black dog keeping watch, whining and pawing at.the face of the dead, and barking and snapping at stran gers who attempted to approach, the body of Ophelia Hartsfield, a negro woman, 48 years old, of Nelson and Haynes street, was found on the Nelson street bridge shortly after 11 o’clock Tuesday night. The discovery was made by several men who passed over the bridge and saw a body lying on the sidewalk. When they attempted'to go near and examine it the little dog barked and snapped at them and it became necessary to drive it away with a stick. An examination revealed that the body was that of a woman and that she was dead. The police were notified and Coroner Stamps ordered the body removed to the establishment of L. L. Lee, an under taker, on South Broad street. The little dog, who had ben a compan ion of the woman for years, remained around the spot where the body of the woman lay, until it was placed in a wag on and moved away. Evpn then the dog tried to jump into the wagon and had to be driven away. ' At the time of the death of the woman,' her son, James Hartsfield, was at home asleep, About 2 o’clock the dog awakened the son by barking continually at the door. Hartsfield, not knowing the hour, opened the door an<L let the dog into the house. He went to sleep and was awaken ed neat morning to learn of nls mother's death. Coroner Stamps investigated the cause of death and after a thorough ex amination a verdict was returned to the effect that death was due to heart fail ure. • , A woman Judges what sort of business man her husband is by the way he decides whether she got her new hat at a bargain. tion he has heard to a revision of the pension laws as suggested is that it will force applicants to take the pauper oath, which objection, he says, is not valid, for the reason that old age is not objection able, and honest poverty, come of four years of devotion in the prime of life to the state, is no disgrace. In opposition to the proposition to di vide the cost of maintaining the pub lic schools between tne state and the counties there are, says the governor, but two possible arguments, and in his opinion neither of them are good. But when you have instituted these reforms you will only have guarded for the future against a recurrence of the unfortunate condi tion with which we have wrestled in the past. The million of dollars due your teachers for work done during the present year will still be unpaid. Retrenchment and a revision of your school and pension laws will not have paid it. It is an honest debt and must be paid. The ob ligation on the state to nay it without unnec sary delay is legally and morally as binding as the obligation to pay the salaries of your governor, the judges of your courts, the per dlert of your legislators, or the principal and Interest of your public debt The fact that it is the result of a bad law does not relieve us from the obligation to pay. There are but two ways in which to do Lt;' one is to levy a direct.tax on the people to raise the money; the other is to borrow the money and owe those who are able and willing to carry the debt, rather than your teachers who are neither able nor willing to do so. The Idea of raising this deficiency by direct taxation is not to be entertained for a moment. Taxes are too high already. I therefore recommend that an amendment of the constitution be submitted to the people at the next general election authorizing the issue of a sufficient amount of 3 per-cent state bonds to pay the arrearages due teachers, these bonds to be paid off at the rate of a hundred thousand dollars a year out of the rental qf the state road, until all are paid. The remain der of the rental after applying a hundred thou sand dollars annually to the payment of the bonds, to be applied as now, one-half to the school fund and the other half to general pur poses. The governor recommends an appropria tion of $20,000 for the maintenance of the state troops, and urges that the Insurance money collected on the Soldiers’ home, be immediately appropriated for the re building of the institution, and that $20,000 more be given to maintain the veterans during the year. He urges that the legislature put in surance deposits back to the old figures— s2s,ooo for fire companies and $50,000 for surety companies of any character. CONSTITUTIONAL AMENDMENTS. That some important changes in our organic law are desirable most Intelligent persons are agreed, and with this sentiment I am in full accord. The ballot should be restricted. Provision should be made for biennial ses sions of the General Assembly. A maximum rate of state taxation should i be fixed in the constitution. A rule should be prescribed requiring that all appropriation bills be passed and submitted to the governor not less than ten days before the expiration by limitation of the session, as a safeguard agailfist hasty and extravagant appropriation of the public money. The governor and the judges of the superior courts should be given power to order a change of venue in certain criminal cases. The machinery for authorizing the collection of local taxes for the support of common schools should be simplified. Other changes not so Important have been suggested. He urges that a law relieving the col leges of the state from taxation be enact ed; he suggests the passage of such leg islation as will permit a change of venue in trials for assault and other capital fel onies when there is danger of mob vio lence; he suggests a parole law like unto Ohio’s; he asks that action be taken pro viding for the preservation of the state archives. The governor also strongly recommends In conclusion, the governor states that he nas been able in his message to only refer to a partial list of the matters about which the legislature should know, and invites all members of the two bodies to call upon him for a conference on public matters at any time. WALL KILLED BY R. A. KEITH. Well Known Citizen is Called to His Door and Shot. Jesse Wall, a white man living on Jones avenue, was shot and killed by R. A. Keith at 2:35 o’clock yesterday afternoon. No explanation can be given at this time of the shooting, but those who are alleged to have witnessed the affair are represented as contending that it was somewhat of a deliberate nature. Wall, who resided on Jones avenue, near the bridge, was at his home, presumably for the purpose of taking dinner. He was summoned to the front door and answered the summons. When he reached there the man who had called for him is said to have drawn a revolver and shot him. Wall was dead within a few minutes after the shotoing. The man who did the shooting Is R. A. Keith, who resides at 227 E. Hunter street. He made no attempt to escape, except to walk away from the scene of the killing. Keith has been arrested. Wall is survived by his wife and one child. The cause of the killing is said to have been the belief on the part of Keith that the relations between Wall and Mrs. Keith were too intimate. J. A. Lyons, a grocer on Jones avenue, who was a personal friend of Wall, was recently shown a letter by the deceased in which Keith put him on notice that he would shoot him on sight. Three shots were fired by Keith, all three of them taking effect. The men were but a few feet apart. Wall died without having made a state ment. Wall Is believed to have left a state ment in his coat pocket regarding the affair, which is now being searched for by his friertds. KOith is said to have entered suit for. di vorce against his wife. He went to the home of Wall this af ternoon accompanied by a relative as he did -rtot hknself know the deceased. When Wall came to the door of his home in answer to the summons Keith is said to have told him that he wanted a few words of explanation from him. To this Wall is said to have replied that if Keith’ would wait until he got a gun he wouid explain everything. The shooting then occurred without more words. CHICAGOPOSTOFFICE LOOTED. Daring Scheme Probably the Result of Days of Patient Toil. CHICAGO, Oct. 21.—A sensational rob bery which netted the perpetrators $74.- 610 In stamps was discovered here when the wholesale stamp department of the postoffice was opened for business. A rapid Investigation developed the fact that the burglars had crawled under the flooring for about 300 feet, bored a hole in the bottom of 'the vault, secured the stamps and escaped, carrying their booty in a wagon. The work of forcing an entrance to the vault had evidently been going forward with the greatest patience for many days. It is believed, however, that the Inrention of the thieves to reach the cash vault in which there was $35,000 money in cash and stamps valued at hundreds of thou sands of dollars. The bottom of the vault was of steel, half an Inch thick. In this, ninety-seven holes were bored until a space eighteen Inches square, just enough to allow the entrance of a man’s body, had been so weakened that it was possible to take out the whole plate with little difficulty. A dry goods box stood over the hole thus made and concealed the work of the rob bers while it was in progress. When dte v>vered tod«y* the Ylnarer mftrlw nrnne oF the burglars were still discernable on the dust of the box, which he had pushed to one side. So carefully had the job been planned that the men working in other parts of the building had not the slightest Inkling of the daring robbery being worked al most under their noses. The robbers drove up to the southeast corner of the postoffice building in a wagon, tracks of which could be seen plainly today. The building is a tempo rary affair, and the men had only to open a little door to admit themselves under the flooring. To reach the vault it was necessary to crawl about 300 feet over odds and ends of boards which littered the way. The route evidently had been carefully studied, for a detective, who had full knowledge of the building, be came lost and nearly choked by foul odors before assistance reached him. Hav ing secured their plunder, the robbers loaded it into the wagon, drove across a vacant lot and turned into Wabash ave nue in front of the art building. Os the $76,610 in stamps taken, $4,712 were in "postage due” stamps and $2,060 in special delivery stamps. So the con vettable stamps amounted to $67,828, but of these $4,828 wer Pan-American stamps of 8 and 10 cent denomination. MICROPHONIC TRANSMISSION. By Electric Arc Light Human Voice is Heard. (Correspondence of the Associated Press). ST. PETERSBURG. Oct. 5.—A member of the faculty of the Moscow Imperial Technical school recently discovered that a microphone attached to an electric arc lamp by wire will transmit sounds through the medium of another electric arc lamp. Repeated experiments were made in which the two lamps were separated by a thick wall. The Inventor read In a low voice a lecture on his discovery and his words, spoken Into the microphone were comfortably audible In the next room. With characteristic carelessness the Russian newspapers failed to state wheth er the lamps were burning, but It la prob able that this Is to be assumed. MORROW WILL NOT ACCEPT. Jonesboro Editor Has Declined Ap pointment as State Librarian. Jt Is definitely known at the capitol to day that Gus Morrow who was tendered the position of state librarian by Governor Candler several days ago, will not take the appointment. Mr. Morrow has fiven as his reasons for not accepting the fact that his business affairs are of such a nature as not to al low him the time which would be neces sary tn a proper discharge of the duties of the Office. Within the next few days Governor Candler will appoint Judge C. J. Will born. of Union county, to supersede Li brarian Brown, and it is said by Judge Willborn’s friends that he will accept. MINISTER ITaD UNERRING AIM. Preacher Killed Negro, Who Was Try ing to Burglarize His Home. MADISONVILLE, Ky.. Oct. 21.—At an early hour this morning the Rev. Eugene Haralson, pastor of the Methodist Epis copal church, south, here, shot and killed a negro named Jim Lewis. Mr. Haralson heard some one trying to break into his house, and the fatal shot was fired when the preacher had given up his search for the supposed burglar and again heard the man trying to get In to the room of Mrs. Haralson. The jury at noon returned a verdict of justifiable homicide. Dr. G. M. Bartlett Dead. KNOXVILLE, Tenn., Oct. 22.-Dr. G. M. Bartlett, for 21 years president of the Maryville college. Maryville, Tenn., died this morning, aged 81 years. He is one pf the best known educators in Tennessee. FOURTEEN PERSONS HELD ASSMOGGLERS WHOLESALE ARRESTS ARE BEING MADE BY DETECTIVES ON THE CHARGE OF SMUGGLING SKINS. NEW YORK, Oct. 23.—0 n charges of be ing Implicated in the wholesale smuggling of sealskins into the United States war rants have been issued in Vermont for 14 persons now in Montreal, says the World's Montreal correspondent. These skins, it is alleged, were smuggled In by a baggagemaster of the Central Vermont railroad. It is said the United States gov ernment has already confiscated $25,000 worth of the skins and the detectives are tracing the remainder. The special agent of the United States treasury has detained at Rouse’s point, on the United States border, a shipment of coon tails and mink waste, which he declares are under val ued. These furs were shipped by the Rus sian Fur company, of Montreal. The mem bers of the company deny that charge and say that If necessary they will go to Washington to demand their rights. U. S? TROOPS IN PERIL Filipino Bolomen Are Attempting to Massacre United States Soldiers. MANILA. Oct. 21.—The island of Samar is seething in revolution and United States troops are being rushed to the seat of rioting to restore order and protect the troops already on the scene. ‘ Owing to the vigilance of Lieutenant Thomas M. Banes, Jr., of the Ninth Uni ted States infantry, another slaughter of American troops by insurgents has been averted. Lieutenant Banes discovered a prisoner re-entering a cell at Carblga. is land of Samar, where several were con fined. through a hole that had been let In the wall. An Investigation showed a plan to fill the jail with bolo men and to call the guard, which would be necessary to get the door open, and then to attack the garrison. It also developed that the instigators were a priest and the presl- Jlente, both of whom have been arrested, together with several other prominent persons. Reinforcements are being rushed to Sa mar. Three hundred and thirty marines have gone there on board the United States cruiser New York, and two bat talions of the Twelfth infantry will start immediately for the same destination. United States officers from other prov inces that were supposed to be pacified have recently arrived in Manila, and they say that the news of American disasters spreads like wildfire among tne natives, who scarcely attempt to conceal their delight. lhe Manila constabulary discovered a large quantity of steel wagon springs which were being shipped to various dis tricts. Investigation showed that these were to be used in manufacuring bolos. BETTER ~CARE~OF THE INSANE. Senator A.llen Has a Plan That May Solve the Problem. A solution of the problem which the state sanitarium, in its present over crowded condition presents, is suggested today by Senator Jcrhir-T. Alien, of‘the" twentieth senatorial district, in which the asylum is located, and he will intro duce during the present session of the legislature a bill seeking to embody his idea into tew. Senator Allen’s suggestion is, simply stated, that the criminally insane should be sent to the prison farm, and there made to work like other convicts. In the report, which the trustees of the asylum have just Issued, complaint is made that the criminally insane class has increased in a startling ratio recently, and that ,aey, the trustees, are compelled to keep these with the other insane. Senator Allen believes that not only will his plan of removing this class to the prison from the farm relieve the perplex ing condition which now obtains at the asylum, but will operate to decrease the number of pleas of insanity now entered in the courts. CAPT. W. B. HARRIS SHOT. Officer Fired Eight Bullets Into Hie Victim at Columbu*. COLUMBUS, Miss., Oct. 23.-Capt. Wil lis B. Harris was Shot to death by Joe Calvin, a policeman, who, at the time of the deed was off duty. Yesterday afternoon about 2 o’clock the men had a few words about some trifling matter.. They parted, everyone thinking the trouble was over. Calvin proceeded to arm himself with a 38 Smith and Wes son pistol and 41 Colts. Captain Harris drove up to May & Weaver’s drug sore. ’ Just before the shooting, as he alighted from the carriage, he was met by Cal vin and the quarrel was resumed, when Calvin struck Harris on the head. This he followed by emptying five 41 calibre cartridges Into his body. As he fell three 38’s were 4ired into him also. Calvin Is in jail guarded closely. Devel opments are momentarily expected. Captain Harris leaves a wife and three children. He was about sixty years old, having served through the war, and was a prominent and respected citizen. The result of the preliminary trial Is awaited with Interest. STAMP TAX DID NOT HOLD. NEW YORK. Oct. 23.—1 t has just been learned, says The Herald, that the indict-. ment against George C. Thomas, a broker, for refusing to pay the stamp tax on sales of stock has been dismissed. The govern ment, fearing, it is said, to try the case, which involved the constitutionality of a „ section of the war revenue law. failed to appear on the day set for the trial. Bankers and brokers have followed the case with great interest. Mr. Thomas, a broker of the consolidated exchange, was advised by his lawyers last spring that the stamp tax on sales of shares of sto6k at the rate of 2 cents per SIOO of face value was not constitutional. Acting on his lawyers’ advice, the broker stopped paying the tax in Maj- and determined to test the law. An Indictment was found against him by the United States grand jury on October 9th. FOUR~UVESLOSfIN~MINE. Explosion In “Holy Terror” Mine at Keystone, S. D. DEADWOOD. S. D., Oct. 25.—Three men lost their lives in the Holy Terror mine at Keystone last night from foul air. Their names were: LEW CROUTHER. ANDREW MILLER. PETER POHLAN. With two other miners they had been lowered to the 1.200 foot level and the machinery failed to work. LEO TOLSTOI IS VERY ILL. Agen Count is Reported Seriously Sick Near Aloupa. ST. PETERSBURG, Oct. 23.-Cour.t Leo Tolstoi is again seriously ill on the estate of the Countess Palin, near Aloupka, in ’ the Crimea. i NO. 12.