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Talks With Farmers Conducted By C. H. Jordan ♦ Subscribers ere requested to efl- ♦ ♦ dress al! Inquiries for Information + ♦ on subjects relating to the farm. ♦ ♦ field, garden and poultry to the 4 ♦ Agricultural Editor. AU Inquiries * ♦ will receive prompt find careful at- ♦ ♦ tention. No Inquiries answered by ♦ ♦ mail Please address Harvte Jordan. ♦ ♦ Agricultural Editor. Monticello. Go. ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦♦♦fiII!HHUHIIIIIIMH4 SOOD ROADS FOR FARMERS. The greatest drawback to rural life Is the absence of good roads. Farmers suffer from the lack of go.'d roads more than any other class, because people who live In towns and cities have other facilities for traveling which the people of the rural districts do not have. In cities the question of highest Importance and a ■tatter upon which most money Is expend ed is that of placing the thoroughfares under control of the municipal govern ment tn first-class condition and keeping them so. Generally speaking, tn the coun try the public highways, until within quite recent years, have received but little or no attention from the very people who are moot dependent upon them for travel. As an Illustration of what improved roadways will do for the territory trav ersed by them it is only necessary to visit those localities In this and other states where good roads have been built to find that owners tn such sec tions are growing richer each year, and social relations are broadening and be coming more inviting. Communities pos sessing the advantages of good roads are becoming more thick!y populated, while sections which do not possess such ad vantages are either at a standstill or are becoming annually poorer and more thin ly settled. Bad roads tend to check ambi tion, weaken energy and paralyze Indus try. Rich lands will be allowed to go to waste, fruitful farms will be abandoned and the social pleasures and enjoyments of country Mfe suffer untold disadvan tages when the public highways are in had or almost Impassable condition the year round. From a business standpoint, we may well compare the difference between good and bad roads to the dluerence between profit and loss. A good road in a commu nity has a money value to the people own ing property along its Mne of right of way. just the same as it develops a so cial value. Locking at the matter solely from a business standpoint, it must be conceded by all investigators as well as those who have tried the experiment that good roads always and under all condi tions pay a handsome dividend each year. From the old farcial plan of patching the roads each year, according to the will of different communities, our people are re alising that road building is a public mat ter. and that the best interests of agri culture and the rural people demand the construction of first-class highways, and that money so expended Is sure to return large profits. Work Broadening. The work which is now being done throughout the south by the National Good Roads association, under the auspi ces of the Southern Railway company which Is furnishing all necessary trans portation. will be far reaching in its ef fect upon the minds of our people and lay the foundation for arousing an ex tensive Interest in good road building which will rapidly develop permanent con struction of our public highways as the years roll by. The business of the Good Roads asso ciation as It is now being conducted is to effect permanent organisation of a branch of the association in each state, and present an object lesson of first-class road work at three or more principal points in each state. The convention of road workers held in Atlatna last week was largely attended by farmers and oth ers Interested from all parts of the state. Several hundred delegates were present at the practical road work which was done on a piece of roadway near Atlanta, and at which all the new and up-to-date road machinery was used. At the two or three meetings held in the larger banquet hall of the Kimball house the visiting del egates were prompt in attendance and took a deep interest in the proceedings. Permanent organization was perfected, and aside from the state officers, a vice president of the association was named from each county in the state. Construction of Good Roads. It is neither my object or desire in an article such as the length of this must be to attempt to describe the improved methods of constructing good roads. There are many plans by which good perma nent roads may be built and the work can only be perfected by practice, ex perience and labor. There are certain gen eral principles which must be employed in the art of road building, and success will largely depend in making those principles properly conform with the conditions which surround the communities or sec tions through which the road or roads are to be built, in some sections a hard level road bed can be secured at compara tively little cost, while in others a ma cadam foundation will have to be laid to secure permanent smoothness after grading has been completed. A good narrow stone ballasted road to suit the needs of the farmers should not bo too costly. In the state of New Jersey a stone ballasted road eight feet wide and nine inches deep, rolled down smooth and compact is not costing more than $2,300 per thila. The most expensive and unsat isfactory road is the earth road, while the most economical and satisfactory is the ■ a wa«oa « you buy u«rt<Mta4. tM ELECTRIC ‘Wo* taUl*uk»iao*r ordinary eonditloca r>m the Ute of a vwos rt«aaar*i apo* the wheels. Thl. one la o6fw£lhvl Wheel*.-lib •ritim spokes sad wide Urea Wheel. aav bmgtt fromFfc to at la. It Ma SacM«e tM eta t get Jeeea no MMWy. baba coat cryfc ur yM baeoy tooaa. fat ■aaO eaa » roc, >»•!! oc Crr oat. JLnjrte at«. bounds THOU9MID9 Ht DAIL Y USE. . ItoXwSl Relaey.lUa. Fine block Sale! . Short Horn Red Cattle, RigistmJ Poland Chiia Hoes. Fine Pit r,nn»i and 81->ck Lacgvhans YOUNG nTOCB FUR SALK JL. eircuar Tais won t appear again Addres. at onee TUCCLE BROS., Grant, Smith Co , Tena. S ,<> WANT ONE OF THESE WATCHES O 3 ■ Itja ian booest advertleemeat. We are determined to introduce the wonderful XL-V ■''Wt \JT/ < wee Headache TaNeta into omsy borne and la order to do so we need pood I 1 ! agesss and hrs wiUuig to pay them handwvmcly. Ton can get one of these TflT Wl mLb —< . beautiful Wetrbea. ladies’ or cent's mxe, together with a chain *** and ebarm for selling our rvmedy. We have a repvtai.< n f.r mMMMb dw cTiJrVX. honest dealing and to prove It every penon who eclla six boxes AL*.- vt our w ixlerfui tablet, at Sic. per box • in receive six Double .TK. s.< i?A »Th Jlated Tea Fpoouaon* Butter Kalfe.oeo Sugar Shell und a hand- Z >, APa W wane Gold pla' d Watch-Chain and Charm, which wo give ale CsMmCK W®SSSJ?3 •olctsiyfroe for eellh* only six br>x»w IVn't send accnt; b'-A iTTjAJI to-day and we Will send tab,ets ty mall, wht n aria send u." lhe jSrfSrC ' ly-'myLjdf w iWvwi A wa (Tllarantee pn-rrpt shipment <>f all V >ur pro- JgjißO V’ L-.'MStM-v r.dorua. « r are a reUab> < wrem and Uuarartw «ur WaU beeOg r M. • *>: .*ar ‘ r * !»’<«• timekeepers and equal in aopnaryw to many Wg't:;. • » goM ®si watebse that are aeld as high as Ho and guaranteed Ifatf Tilff for r yearn Th!, is a erewt tag tdUcjfar so Uttle work. A d dress ORE REMEDY CO.WslGhDtpt A 31 MewHaren.Cwn. stone road. While the initial cost of con structing the stone road is greater, they can. nevertheless, be kept in perfect con dition at but little cost, and the facili ties which they present to the farmer are far superior to the dirt road, no matter in what section of the country they may bo built. Road building, like a great many other things, is largely a matter of edu cation. The people who live in the rural districts and are most deeply interested in good roads should be taught the value of better highways both from a business and social standpoint. For several years I have contended that the state convicts should be put to work on the public high ways in Georgia and kept there until every roadway in the state is put in first class traveling condition. This would be the best investment which could be made of the convict labor of the state, and within a few years a tremendous profit would be annually returned to the state and her citizens. Convicts should be work ed on public Improvements which are most beneficial to the people at large, and the system of selling the labor of a convict to the highest bidder from the ranks of private enterprises I believe to be wrong both in principle and for the best Interests of the public good. I think the states should work their convicts on the public roads and the national government should aid the work by annual appropria tion, just as it appropriates money to con struct magnificent federal buildings in cities and for maintaining our harbors and river navigation. HARVIE JORDAN. INQUIRY DEPARTMENT. Mrs. L. L. K.. Rex.. Ga.—As 1 ain a con stant reader of The Journal, please tell me where I can sell some strawberry plants? I have some nice hardy ones of the finest strains. Answer —Tour best plan would be to in sert a short advertisement in the Semi- Weekly, giving number of plants you have for sale, the variety and price per thousand. Address Advertising depart ment of the Semi-Weekly Journal, if you desire to pursue that course. I do not know of any person who wants plants at this time, but a short advertisement would probably sell them for you at once. Some Timely Advice. For a long time it has been supposed that mosquitoes were the agents by which the malarial parasite was carried and transferred from one being to another. This hypothesis has been recently proved a fact, and experiments conducted by an English surgeon in southern India, and by eminent Italian Investigators show con clusively that certain species of mosqui toes are responsible for the spread of ma larial fever. Persons suffering from ma larial fever were permitted to be bitten by mosquitoes belonging to the genus an opheles. These mosquitoes were then al lowed to bite persons In whose blood no malarial organisms had been found, and In a few days the Individuals bitten came down with the true malarial fever. It is, therefore, of the utmost importance that farmers and others should take every pre caution In preventing the breeding of mos quitoes in their immediate vicinity. Spe cial attention should be given to rain barrels, tubs, cisterns, vaults, ponds and other places where mosquitoes breed. Small quantities of kerosene distributed over the surface of the water will destroy the larvae and In many instances epidem ics of malarial fever can be avoided. This timely topic Is treated fully in a detailed article in the May number of Good House keeping. advertised In this paper, and we advise our readers to secure a copy and thoroughly post themselves about this Important matter. PARK AND WRIGHT ARE HIGHLY PRAISED The treasure department and the comp troller genera?; office were highly praised by the legislative committee which made investigations last week. The report the investigations wss filed just befoß the close of the session. No other state house offices were examined. The follow ing is the report of the committee: "To the General Assembly: "The sub-committee of the joint finance committee, after a most careful exami nation of the offices of Comptroller Gen eral W. A. Wright and Treasurer R. E. Park submit the following report: "The undersigned, constitutir/g the sub committee from the joint standing com mittee on finance have examined the ac counts, vouchers and books of the comp troller general and treasurer, as required by the code, and respectfully submit that the books of these officers are models of neatness and accuracy. “The books of the treasurer at the close of the day of the 9th of December, 1901, showed on hand $1,067,432.18 and said amount corresponds with the books of the comptroller general's office. Y sur com mittee verified the truth of the balance shown by the books by actually counting the cash in the vault, and examining the statements of the different state deposi tories as to the balance on hand with them. “In the opinion of your committee the treasurer and comptroller general deserve the gratitude of the people of this com monwealth for the accurate, plain, sys tematic method In which they keep the business of their offices. In a moment's time the condition of any matter can be ascertained, and with the one a check upon the other the most perfect harmony prevails tn matters of fact and figures. Respectfully submitted, “J. E. HATS, “Committee on part of Senate. P. M. MVLHERIN. “R. A. S. FREEMAN, ”E. H. GEORGE. “Committee on part of the House of Rep resentatives.” Funny Kindergarten Tale. A kindergartner tells a story of a man who appeared and asked to speak with his child. "What name?" asked the teacher, and upon the man's replying “Ikey Cohen" she smiled and said that as there were no less than seven pupils of that name the father would have to repair to the school room and pick his child out for himself. “But he isn't one of the seven,’* cried the teacher as the father pointed to one of the children as his son. “That child's name Isn't Ikey Cohen; it's Ikey Gowash.” The father insisted that the name was Ikey Cohen. Mystified be yond measure, the teacher brought out her books. There, sure enough, the child was duly registered as Ikey Gowash. The boy admitted having given that name and, evidently as mystified as the teacher, he added that he supposed it to be his. it transpired that the child, like so many little eastslders actually didn’t know his surname. When asked upon entering the school what he was called besides “Ikey” he volunteered “Gowash.” "De fust t'ing me mudder sex ter me in de mornin' is 'lkey, go wash!' ” he said. THE SEMI-WEEKLY JOURNAL, ATLANTA, GEORGIA, THURSDAY, DECEMBER 19, 1901. ♦ * ♦ WITH THE EXCHANGES. ♦ 114 1 ♦ »♦♦♦ Southern Trucking. Southern Farm Magazine. The causes of the rapid growth in the raising of truck in the south are more than anything else the convenient and rapid transportation facilities which have been afforded by the various trans portation lines traversing that section. The suitability of the soil and climate has also been another important element. The soil conditions of the various truck centers are very diverse. However, the industry is confined generally around well-defined centers, the particular loca tion of which seems to have been deter mined by the fact that some pioneer in tne business located there and succeded so well as to be copied by his neighbors. Controlling the Cantaloupe Louse. Prof. W. G. Johnson. Replying to inquiries from R. E. W., Mo., A. C. P., Md., and W. H. S„ Ct„ would say the green aphis or plant louse a hich attacks cucumbers and cantaloupes is not an easy pest to combat. It makes It* appearance early in the season and it confines its attacks particularly to the underside of the leaves, causing them to curl and eventually fall off. Vines should be watched carefully and upon the first Indications that the pests are. present the leave* should be plucked and destroyed and the under side of the vines thoroughly sprayed with a 10 to 12 per cent solution of kerosene emulsion. Tobacco decoction has also been found very effective, de peeiuing somewhat upon - the tobacco used. The percent of nicotine present in tobacco stems is small, and as it is very soluble, much of it may be lost providing the tobacco has been left In an exposed place. One pound of good tobacco stems in two gallons of hot water ought to de stroy this pest, If the material is prop erly applied. A spray nozxle with a bent neck exten sion will be necessary to reach the under surface of the leaves. A knapsack spray er or a bucket sprayer should be used, as It is difficult to get into a field with a barrel sprayer after the vines are any considerable size. The pest usually ap pears in spots and such places should be carefully watched, sprayed and treated to keep it from spreading to other pla ces. Growers who have followed these methods carefully have little difficulty with the pest. Sign* of Winter Often Conflict. Evansville Courier. According to most signs, the coming winter will be a hard one. The first “sure sign” Is the thick onion skins. But if there is any truth in the say ing accepted by many, “If November 21 be cold, so will the winter be," then a pleasant season is ahead. Another forecasting saying Is, "If flow ers are blooming out of doors in Novem ber prepare f<#r a cold winter.” Still another is, "Warm October, cold February." An old negro Is supposed to have in sight if not prophetic vision as to the weather. “How do Ah know it's gwan to be a ha'd winter?" said an old-time negro with white wool, a bent back and uncertain legs. "Why, de signs all p’int dat erway. De hawg's melts is big, de cats is cyain' dey tails high, hey hair Is full of ’lestrls ity an' dey Is a sneezin'. Cats is de know inest beasts what Is. De rats an’ de mice is squealin’ an’ scurryin' at nights, an' dat’s a sure sign of a ha'd winter. "De fur on de rabbits is thick, an’ I hea’d a mole cry. Dere is snowflakes on de goose bone an’ de skin on de cat fish belly is thick. De goose bone an’ de cat fish never lies about de wedder. It’s go in’ ter be a rich man’s winter. Cullud folks, git in yo’re hawg meat an’ yo’re fiah wood!" The river man looked out through the mist on the river and pulled two doleful blasts from the steamboat’s whistle. It was damp and cheerless and a musty smell arose from the water. The river man's voice was raw and rough. "This yere fog is makin’ snow right now," he said oracularly. “I never see it fall. Jest as many fogs as we git In October an’ November jest so many snow storms will we git in winter. Any ole river pilot will tell you that. This yere fog means two inches of snow sometime in January or February. It take; a country boy to know the weather signs thoroughly. Out near West Terre Haute a small boy with a rusty shotgun was slouching along the road. “Gee whiz!” exclaimed a young Vigo county rube, “but this is goin' to be a hard winter. How do I know? Huh, look at the signs! They’s lots of chipmunks this year an’ they’re glttln’ Into their holes early. They've been mighty busy since the middle of September. An’, then, the hickry nuts has got thick shells an’ hard to crack. The moles is diggin’ deep, an’ the muskrat is buildin’ high an' warm. The squirrels is carryin’ nuts all day long. Crawdads an’ turkles Is glttln' scarce an’ goin’ down deep into the mud. The ants is pilin’ dirt around their holes an’ she bees hev had a busy summer. The hornet's nest is neur the ground. Spiders is crawl in’ into cracks in the wall an' under stones, an’ there is lots of loose cobwebs floatin’ around. There ain’t no gnats qr small flies in the air. The apples this fall growed lopsided an’ are thick-skinned. Snakes has all hunted their holes. Logs is splittln' easy, an’ the smoke rises from the bottoms an’ climbs the hills. Every one of them Is a sure sign. My grandpa says so, an’ I guess he knows, an’ so do I.’ "All signs point to a cold winter," said a Vigo county farmer with a wagon load of hay. "The mules have been a holler in’ a lot lately, an’ that's a sure sign. I heard a fox bark out my way one night last week, an’ I told my woman to look out for lots of snow this winter. I hear a grouse drum one night’ an that's a sign. But the best sign Is to look for the first snow. There will be as many snowstorms during the winters the moon is days old during the first snow storm. "But about the best sign Is the strong, thick husks on the corn, an’ it’s hard to husk this year; besides there’s been lots of grass seed. I noticed that the coals in the fire is covered with white ash this fall —that’s a sign of snow. Ropes are hard to untwist, an’ the trees are snappin* an’ crackin’ a good deal. "Now, I’ll tell you the surest sign of all, and the one that made me go and bank up my house good an’ pile the wood close to the back door. I’ve got a log smokehouse on my place that was built the year before the war. This fall the bark on the logs on the north side Is two inches thicker than it was this summer. Jest gettin’ ready for a hard winter." SAVE TRAYLOfb SPENCER & CO.’S TOBACCO TAGS. The following brands of tobaccos man ufactured by Traylor, Spencer & Co., of Danville. Va.. "Ballot Box.” "Maybelle." "Plumb Good.” "High Life." "Right of Way,” "No. 1,” "lob White," "Natural Leaf,” Spence:’* Special” and “Good Will ” By saving tl.o tags of the above brands (containing the name of Traylor. Spencer & Co.), and sending them direct to The Journal. Atlanta. Ga.. you can realize two-thirds of one cent for each tag in * subscription to The Semi-Weekly Journal, as follows: 75 tags will pay for six months’ subscription to The Semi-Weekly Journa.’ This amounts to 6 cents per pound oa tobaccos containing nine tags to the pound, in payment tor subscription to The Semi-Weekly Journal. Traylor, Spencer & Co.’s tobaccos are sold direct from factory to best merchants in all southern states. Bundle the tags carefully and send by mail with your name to The Atlanta Journal, Atlanta. Ga. Here is another phase of the vexed ques- • tion: Shall we say "the Philippines is?” 4* THINGS SEEN AND HEARD. ♦ + " ♦ By Tho*. W. Loyless. ♦ The New Depot Commission. Now that the Atlanta depot bill Is a law, the next step is to put In operation the machinery for carrying out this im portant undertaking. The main thing at tho outset, of course it the selection of the commission which is to have charge of the construction of the depot, and thl* the entire public will watch with no lit tle interest. Among the first names prominently mentioned in connection with the new depot commleslon is that of Hon. W. A. Knowles, of Floyd, one of the ablest and most active members of the last house. Mr. Knowles was one of the warm ad vocates of the depot bill and to him, as much as to almost any other man, Is due the passage of the bill. Mr. Knowles served on several of the most Important committees of the house, among them being the appropriations, railroad, manufacturing, printing and Western and Atlantic committees, and he was justly considered one of the most valued and energetic members of each. Besides being thoroughly conversant with the state’s affairs, Mr. Knowles, as is shown by his splendid success in life, is one of the best business men in Geor gia. As editor and owner of The Rome Tribune he is a leader in his own section and thoroughly enjoys the confidence of his people. Mr. Knowles will, In all probability re turn to the house from Floyd, so that as a member of the depot commission he would have the double advantage of hav ing served ip the legislature which passed the depot measure as well as in the one under whose direction the work is to be carried out. Smith May Not Run After All. The latest political rumor going the rounds is to the effect that the Hon. Jim Smith may conclude, after all, not to enter the gubernatorial race. There is a definiteness about this ru m4r that causes it to attract more than ordinary attention. Indeed, it is freely talked by some of Mr. Smith’s close per sonal and political friends, who give as a reason for his probable decision not to enter the race, tho condition of his health. While It was well known several weeks ago that Mr. Smith had fully made up his mind to try for the governorship and had so notified his friends, it appears that a' temporary spell of sickness which follow ed this announcement caused him to re consider the matter, with the result that he may conclude to keep out of the race. At any rate, the opinion is forming among the best posted politicians that Mr. Smith cannot any longer' be consid ered a factor in the coming fight, al though, of course, his own announcement to that effect must be awaited before it is accepted, as a fact. Representative Tumlln’s Valedictory. Hon. N. J. Tumlin, the able and hand some member from the county of Carroll, was called upon at the very close of the session of the house of representatives, on last Friday evening, to speak a few words byway of farewell. Mr. Tumlin has been a leader of his people for a long time, and among other valuable services rendered them for many years past has been in the ministry. While this has not been his regular calling, yet he ha* ever stood ready to speak from the pulpit in the interest of morals and religion. It was thought, therefore, fit and appropriate that he should deliver the valedictory, as it were, to the members of the legislature, the session of which was to be dissolved In a few moments, the members to return to their homes. He spoke substantially as follows: “My Dear Fellow Brothers:-1 thank you for the honor you have given me to speak the last words of farewell. It pains my heart to see this goodly company dissolve. We have mingled together for two ses sions—loo days in all—and have become well acquainted, and now in the hush which precedes the storm of the break-up, I want to emphasize the fact that we all feel brotherly and neighborly to each other, and no matter what may happen in the future, the fraternal spirit which has been engendered here will remain and we will ever and always have each other’s Interest at heart. If any one of this good ly company aspires to higher office the others must wish him well and assist him to obtain the prize. In this house is material for the making of governors and senators. Let us all help one another to obtain the promotion which we all so richly deserve. And we wish each and every one for the other the greatest hap piness and prosperity at home; that those who are lawyers may find clients and fees plentiful; that those who are doctors may be successful In curing all the ills that come under their care; that those who are merchants may have large sales and handsome profits, and that the great body of us who are farmers may have abun dant crops, goodly seasons and much in crease in our flocks and herds. "It is altogether probable that we will all never meet again. Some of us are old from old age and our time nearly run out. Some of us are broken down com pletely from the terrible fights made on the depot bill, and it is altogether possi ble that it will be out of the power of nature to bring back the health and strength to which we are accustomed. And some of us are so broken in spirit at the failure of the dispensary bill that life will never look as rosy-hued as before. “But whatever may befall us; If we should never meet again on earth, I most sincerely hope that we will all meet to gether in the bright land beyond this, where sorrow and trouble can never come; where it is recorded that the filibuster cannot enter; where there Is no desire to leave and break a quorum; where it is not necessary to lock the doors to keep the members in, and where the ayes and nays are never called, because there is always a unanimity of sentiment that fills the heart with love for the Maker and gratitude that we have been redeem ed from the sins of the world and made to sit together in the general assembly of the saved and will worship forever around the throne of Him who hath made us and saved us by His own great power.” Open the Textile Doors to Girl*. Information comes from a source which admits of no misunderstanding or mistake, to the effect that if the legislature will allow girls and young women the benefit of textile education at the Technological Institute in Atlanta there will be "some substantial as well as moral support” in providing a separate building for the girls. Something ought to be done in this di rection by the present legislature before it adjourns. Will not the legislature give permission for girls to enjoy the lectures and studies in the Tech school, if they can board out of the grounds? In the name of honest dealing, gentle men of the legislature, either forbid the employment of women and girls in cotton mills or give them a living chance in this business! The bare statement of the proposition carries conviction on the face of it. Th* noble-hearted gentleman who “pledge* substantial and moral support," asks: “Can’t you take a hand in persuading the present legislators’” to me. Give cotton mill girls an opportunity a* well as cotton mill boys. Are not these children of equal value to a community? How many girls do you suppose ar* now employed in cotton mills? If there are as many as seven-tenths, does not the opportunity for textile educa tion commend itself to you? Don’t adjourn without this permission. Act like fathers ought to act to these cot ton mill girls! MRS. W. H. FELTON. In no other country in the world is the cigar bo popular as in Germany, so much so that it is Imposible to raise enough tobacco in the empire to supply the domestic demand. Last vear Germany Imported nearly $22,000,000 worth of tobacco, a little more than a third of it coming from the United States. The use of the cigarette is rapidly spreading in Germany. Last year 388 tons of cigarettes were consumed, at least five times as many as were needed ten years ago. * + ♦ WITH THE EXCHANGES. ♦ • ■»♦♦♦♦♦♦■! ♦♦♦♦♦♦■»♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦ Inoculation Experiment. Mis* Emma King, of Brooklyn, N. Y., was inoculated on November 12th with the virus taken from a cow alleged to be suf fering from tuberculosis. Dr. Barney, also, of Brooklyn, injected the virus in the young lady’s neck twice. It is stated that all the conditions of the experiment was very satisfactory and results will go far toward proving or disproving’ Professor Koch’s statement that human and bovine tuberculosis are not intercommunicable. Corn, Cornmeal and Corn-and-CobMeal for Hogs. "Which is the cheaper feed for spring pigs, ear corn, corn meal or corn and cob meal?” After conducting experiments on this subject for several years the writer is forced to say that the benefits from grind ing corn are far less than he expected they would be. In some of our experi ments pigs have actually made more gain from a given weight of shelled corn than from the same weight of corn reduced to meal. Generally there has been a saving of 6 or 8 per cent made by feeding corn meal to fattening hogs instead of giving whole corn. Farmers are often quite strongly of the opinion that corn meal is much better for fattening hogs than shelled corn. They declare that hogs get ting corn meal fatton faster, and often assert that they make their gains on less feed. Our experiments at the Wisconsin station show most plainly that hogs get ting cornmeal do fatten more rapidly than hogs getting shelled corn, but the surpris ing part is that they also eat more feed in a given time than the hogs getting shelled corn. Consequently, when we di vide the feed eaten by the gains made we find the difference in favor of corn meal over whole corn Is far less than Is usually supposed. Shelton’s experiments in Kansas showed that a pound of corn and cob meal went as far as a pound of pure corn meal. From this our correspondent can judge whether or not he wishes to feed ground corn and cob. W. A. HENRY. Immunized Bulla Best for the South. From the Breeder’s Gazette. Quite recently there has been some cor respondence in your journal relative to the advisability oi organizing sales in the south of northern animals, principally bulls, of the beef breeds for the conven ience of southern buyers who heretofore have had some difficulty in knowing just where to go and of whom to secure what they might desire In this class of stock. The idea seems rather a good one and could in time be made to subserve the Interests both of the raiser and seller on the one hand and the buyer on the other. Our southern people are beginning to open their eyes to the importance of beef rais ing in Dixie, and although numbers of pure bred and high grade animals are annually coming south it will yet be a considerable length of time before our southern country can raise sufficient im mune animals to supply Its own demand, and importations of susceptible cattle from above the “fever line” will -have to continue so long as the demand cannot be supplied by Immune “southerners.” So long, then, as this condition exists and for the convenience of our buyers we be lieve that sales such as those above men tioned would considerably aid them in knowing where to go and In making their selections of the kind of stock wanted. Os course. If such sales were organized for the disposal In the south of suscepti ble bulls they would have to be extremely carefully handled to prevent them becom ing tlck-lnfested when coming Into the southern cattle fever belt. If it were possible for northern animals (for breeding purposes)) to be artificially Immunized .against the fever before ex posing them at such sales, it would b* more of an incentive for southern buy ers to purchase, rather than taking the risk of having to immunize the cattle af ter buying, although that now is hardly worth considering, when the operation is properly carried out. This, of , course, would necessitate southern immune and probably ticky cattle being kept In non immune districts as supply animals, which might not be relished either by the fed eral authorities or by northern cattle own ers themselves. Still it might be feasible for the experiment stations of those states in which beef producing stock raising is an important industry to make arrange ments to immunize those animals that are Intended for the southern trade. The ex periment station of Missouri has done a great deal of work along this line, which seems to have beeii much appreciated and there may be other stations north of the federal quarantine line that have been similarly engaged. There is of course the question of price, which comes in. It is more than probable that more money would be asked for im munized bulls than for susceptible ones, where the buyer assumed the risk of im munization. I do not see, however, that this should now make much difference in price, as the results for the past two or three years have shown that the risk is practically nil. In Louisiana, Texas and Mississippi the experiment stations have immunized large numbers of susceptible cattle imported from the north and west and are continuing to do this work; the operation is performed by competent vet erinarians in these states; and besides the graduates of our southern agricul tural colleges, where Immunization has been practiced, are perfectly qualified to undertake the operation in the various sections in which they live. So that there Is no difficulty whatever In having cattle Immunized after being brought south. Yet, the idea of risk attached to bringing northern animals Into the south clings very tenaciously to the minds of many, and perhaps is the means of preventing them importing, who otherwise would, notwithstanding the successful results ob tained by several of the southern sta tions. All things considered, I am In clined to the opinion that importations would be stimulated and the beef cattle Industry In the south more encouraged and facilitated If sales could be organized at southern points for the disposal of beef bulls from above the “fever line,” and more especially If such animals were immunized previous to their coming south. W. H.DALRYMPLE, M. R. C. V. S. Louisiana Experiment Station. About the Word Christmas. Mrs. Mary Trammell Scott has the fol lowing timely suggestion as to the popu lar manner of writing Christmas: “Let no thoughtless paragrapher write It Xmas,” she protests, and continuing says further: “I’ve often been tempted to make this abrevlatlon, but have always been pre vented by a feeling that has never been analyzed until now. The custom of mak ing this sign for Christmas Is becoming so universal that It Is destroying the beauty of one of the most beautiful words in written English. Even on calendars and dainty Christmas cards we see this, gro tesque word. The day that celebrates the dearest, tenderest and most Important event of all history is year after year be ing desecrated in the way it is being spent and now must we have the word itself shorn of its beauty by a lazy abbreviation. “The cross is a symbol of humanity, but not of the living Christ whom Christians commemorate. Christmas is not a cross festival nor cross mass, but a ‘church festival,’ according to Webster; a loving tribute paid to One who bore but laid aside the cross for a crown. “Writers who would never think of marring their manuscript with a slang ex pression do not hesitate to take an un lawful liberty with this word. No lexico grapher has licensed it yet, so far as I know; then, according to good English, it is Incorrect, and, when we stop to think about it, it is Irreverent. “We may not be able to stop the boist erous. unchristian manner of some In their attempt to celebrate the day, but we can check this piece of thoughtlessness and preserve the word Christmas sacred, Dairying and Live Stock | Conducted By B. IV. Hunt t Reader* of th* Semi-Weekly i ♦ Journal ar* Invited to sand en- ♦ ♦ qulriea about dairying, live stock •> 4 and veterinary matter* to B. W. ♦ ♦ Hunt. Editor of thl* department, at ♦ ♦ Eatonton, Ga. No questions an- ♦ ♦ swered by mail, but careful attea- ♦ ♦ tion will be given to inquiries and ♦ q> answers will b* printed in thl* do- ♦ ♦ nartment. ♦ I HI 11>♦♦♦ * i Sprained Ligament*. Plea** advise me throught The Seml- Weekly Journal as to the trouble and treatment of my horse. About two month; book my saddle horse began to get lam* in the right front foot or leg. This took place after a hard siege under th* saddle over very rocky and stumpy roads. The horse at first began to limp a little as he was taken from th* stable, and after standing for a while hitched, the limping would clear up after a little traveling. These conditions grew rapidly worse, so that In ten or twelve days after the first symptoms I had to cease using him. The pastern joint has sw'ollen to almost twice the size of that of the sound leg, the swelling also extending almost up to knee joint. The swelling seemed to have been very painful as the horse would kick the sides of the stable frequently while lying down at night, and in the morning could scarce ly get up at all on account of the stiff and painful leg. The painful condition now Is almost, past but the swelling con tinues; it has subsided but a little. I have measured the horses’ hoofs with a tape, the foot on affected side meas ures from 1-8 to 1-4 inch less in diameter than the opposite, the measurements be ing taken at several different places on each hoof. I notice you advise this when suspecting contracted hoof. Could a dif erence of 1-8 to 1-4 of an Inch amount to contracted hoof? I have discovered that foot on affected side Is warmer than the other. . x The horse is looking much better now than when the painful condition of swell ing was on, I mean that he has gained considerable flesh. He is gay and play fully enough when turned out. Please tell me What is the matter with the horse and give treatment. A. J. 8. Answer—The swelling of the pattern joint indicates sprains of th* ligaments there. . It is Impossible to know how much tearing loose or lacesation there ha* been. Hand rubbing with alcohol, spirit* of camphor, etc., is about all you can now do to benefit the injury. I am a flrm be liever In the efficiency of apple vinegar as compared with other medicines for extern al use In embrocation*. I would keep the swollen leg wet with a sponge soaked In vinhgar and bandaged over the swollen part of the leg. The heat In the ankle, caused by the fever, would reduce the size of the hoof, so It would measure the difference you found In the feet. A real case of contracted foot will show quite a difference when measured as care fully have done. I once had a fast trotter with a sprained ligament In the hind ankle that practical ly fully recovered. Still a sprained leg Is always a care to tne skillful horse owner. It remains weak er than its mate that has never been lacerated. B & Swollen Ankle. Please Inform me what to do for my mule. I think she ha* something like ring bone. She limps a little when *he first comes out of the stable. Her ankle swells. When she works the swelling disappears. Please answer at once. J. E. D - Hartwell. Ga. Answer —Ringbone does not show more swelling at one time than at another. It is a growth of bone on the ankle, and Is constant. If it grows, it is so slow as to be only noticed as larger after possibly a year’s growth of the bony deposit. Hence the swelling that you say disappears is not ringbone. If you have a case of ring bone, you have also some other trouble in the mule’s ankle that causes the swell ing. I recommend wetting a sponge in pure apple vinegar and applying it over the swollen ankle. Bandage this wet sponge at night on the ankle and let it stay until morning. You might commence with the wet bandage as low down as the top of the hoof and wrap upward until you cover the entire swelling. Elastic flannel cut In strips 3 1-2 inches wide, 7 feet long will make a good horse leg bandage. Died From Eating Sorghum. Will you please tell me what was the matter with my Jersey bulb I have been feeding him on sorghum about two months. I commenced feeding him as soon as It was headed out and have fed him all the time preparatory to put him on the market. After I cut it I have been feeding cured sorghum and sorghum ana pea vines. He has had the run of a good bermuda pasture, well watered with a large branch, and seemed to be In perfect health *ll the while. On November 30 I fed him *■ usual and when I went to feed the next morning found him dead In his stall. He was on his haunches a* if he had been struck a deadly blow on the head and seemed to have died without a struggle. He was also badly swollen and after he wa* car ried off you could plainly see him swel ling. He at* all his feed and w«* in fine order. SUBSCRIBER. Newnan, Ga. I think the bull died of asphyxiation. Whether he was over fed, or what first Induced the flatulency of course I can not say. Personally, I do not like sorghum, owing to its hard cutting bark. I tried It faith fully for ensilage and was always afraid of the sharp bark even after It was run through a cutter and preserved In a silo which has a softening effect on most food plants. The fault belongs to all the can* family. Besides this the experiment stations of the western states have issued bulletin* on the occasional death of stock fed on sorghum. ....... We can raise so many safe food fodder plants, that It Is better policy not to raise those that unexpectedly cause loss. I will also reprint a press bulletin on corn stalk disease from Puddue experi ment station: This term Is applied to a disease er pos sibly several diseases occasioned a* a re sult of pasturing cattle In stalk field* late tn the fall or early in the winter. An outbreak, if one should occur, usually takes place in from two to fourteen day* after the animals are turned upon the stalks. The great majority of cases oc cur between the fifth and the eighth days. It is also observed that all animals that do become affected, die within two or three days of each other. There is noth ing in the appearance of the fodder to Indicate that it may cause trouble. Cat tle may graze and do well on one field and from 10 to 50 per cent be lost on changing to another field separated from the first by a fence. It makes no differ ence whether the cattle are allowed to graze for only a few hours or left in all day. After one outbreak has occurred. It is rarely the case that a second will fol low. The disease has never been reported from feeding cut fodder, even when taken from the same field as that In Which dis ease has occurred from grazing. The cause has never been determined, but It is most often observed after a dry season. The general symptoms are that the ani mal appears dull, one place, or If he moves It is with a no ticably jerky gait. There Is marked prp»- tration; the animal will fall on the knee* and It may require several attempts to ; arise. Some act as though they were , crazy, but the majority are stupid. There . is more or less frothing at the mouth and almost constant swinging as the head from side to side, whether in standing po sition or lylpg down. The movements are Indicative of pain. The course Is of very short duration, from two to 30 hours, th* majority living less than six hours. Too often the history is that the cattle were all right In the evening and from one to eight found dead In the morning. As the cause Is not known, and a successful • treatment has not been discovered, the prevention or means of relief can not be prescribed except by using cut fodder. Several outbreaks have been reported in the past two weeks, and In a number of outbreaks of supposed blackleg. Dr. ' Craig, assistant state veterinarian. has found this to be present instead. The dis- , ease is not contagious and can not spread ■ from one farm to another. The occur rence of a few cases in a community should not frighten others to discard the use of the field for feeding. . A. W. BITTING, Veterinarian. Book for Reference. Will you kindly give me the name and price of a book which treats of stock, cows particularly? I am altogether igno rant on the subject and want to begin at the beginning. I want something that will tell about milk cows, milking and breeding, but not too expensive. W. Covington, Ga. I use as a book of reference regarding , cow diseases. Bovine Medicine and Sur gery. by J. Woodruff Hill, price 36 or $6. | While this is an English book, it is the fullest I know. This and all other work* on veterinary subjects should be filled by ’ notes of the advance made in scientifi® ' discovery. For illustration, no published work car rying the weight of authority gives th® ' discovery of Dr. J. Schmidt, of Denmark. ! a* to successful treatment of milk fever | by injecting solution of lodide of potas sium into the udder through the teatsi ■ Nor would any such work now In print bo safe on cattle fever or give any direction ; for safely making cattle immune to tick | fever. A valuable work will be found in the > publication of the United State* depart- • ment of agriculture, entitled, “Disease* of Cattle and Cattle Feeding,” 1892. This, if not out of print, can be ob-. talned through your member of congreed ’ or through one of the Georgia { If out of print it can be bought cheaply of one of the second-hand book store® la ; Washington. "Feeding Animals,” by Elliott W. Stenr- • art, devotes attention to the rearing andt feeding of horses, cattle, dairy cows,. sheep and swine. Stewart does not fill his pages print without saying some- ; thing valuable on every paga. I think 1 the book costs $1.50 to $2. The United States department of egri cultnre ha* published annual reports of; the bureau of animal industry that should > be in the library of every stock raiser. The breeding of cattle is fuller treated through the different periodicals. For in- | stance, regarding Jersey cattle breeding much valuable information appear® through the Jersey Bulletin, published in Indianapolis, Ind. On beef cattle th® Breeder’s Gazette, Chicago, 111., 1* an au thority, and they are publishers of the best work on short horn cattle. Mrs. Jones, of Canada, wrote a book of dairying highly spoken of at time of pub lication. Dairying north and in Georgia, however, are very different things. Hoard's Dairyman, published at Fort Atkinson, Wls., has the largest clrcula- ( tlon of any exclusive dairy paper. Mr. V. E. Fuller, who made famous the Saint Lambert cattle, also publishes a practical dairy paper In Buffalo, N. Y. A letter to V. E. Fuller, care Jersey Advocate, Buf falo, N. Y.. wl|l, I think, reach him. An application for the bulletins a* is sued bi’ the department of agriculture at Washington, will obtain those publica tions relating to animal industry. If I • have not quite caught th* spirit of your inquiry, please write again. When Your Joint* Are Stiff and your muscles sore from cold or rheu matism. when you slip and sprain a strain your Mde or bruise youraelf. Pain killer will take out the soreness and fix you right in a jiffy. Always have it with you, ( and use it freely. Avoid substitute*, there is but one Painkiller, Perry Davis'. Priee !sc. and 50c. SO.ME AGED ANIMALS. Those Who Have an Easy Life Llvg Long. New York Herald. > In the vicinity of Paris a home for domestic animals was established som* • time ago, and among the present inmat®* are a mule seventy-two years old, a coy thirty-six and a pig twenty-five years old. It is claimed that domestic animal* which lead an easy life are likely to llv® < far beyond the average age If properly • cared for. Many birds certainly attain an ‘ extraordinary age. Eagles, ravens and. parrots frequently live a hundred year*, ; and pelicans probably live as long, for U ( Is recorded that one of these birds wa* . placed In the Amsterdam zoological gar- ; den some time before 1792 and was still there in 1870. This pelican, too. was at least four or five years old when it wa* • placed In the garden. Eels are also long lived. Professor Buchw [ ner tells of one which was kept for twen« ty-slx years In a pond at Thlengen, in which It was placed at the age of eight I years. It attained a length of nearly five feet and Its favorite haunt was in ths ! current that flowed into the pond. All I authorities agree that domestic animal* j which ar* obliged to do a good deal of work do not live so long as those which 1 lead a placid life. STAR PEA HULLERS 10 to 15 bushels per hour. Write for circular* and prices to the Star Pea Machine Co., Chatta nooga. Tena I PECAN TREES, Finest varieties. SB Buds, Grafts and Seedllngw ?SR Bend tor free copy of ‘The Pe- ■;« can and Its Culture.” aWB ELBERTA PEACH TREES. I HARTWELL NURSERIES, A*H Hartwell, Ga. W Local Salestnen Wanted. L !BL!1 ■‘-"J ! ARE YOU THINKING OF MOVING to TEXAS Or some other Westam State? If so, yon wlft j Vg’S&ssra. Commissie&er of Immigration, Maoon, Ga I CURE BLOOD POISON I have studied and treated blood, poison twenty years. My original tnetbed at n-.ent has proven successful u>. _ et_ "-’T* worst cases on record. My treatment Id tnors I ough and cures the disease* to stay Bereag ; Write me fully about your cna< J. Newton j Hathaway, M.D., 8» Inman Bldg., Atlanta, fdnt ' 5