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6 1 '’ajiisr ■ I THECOUNTRYHOME I {Women on the Farm Conducted By Mrs. IV. H. Felton. tS -J -7 ";• -S'. 0 Correspond enes on homo topic* or ♦ * *objocts of esr-c!al Interest to wo- ♦ + mon is invited. Inqutrle* or letters ♦ + should bo brief and clearly written ♦ • to ink on one olde of th* *heot. ♦ '* Write direct to Mr*. W. H. F*4- ♦ < tonJßditor Home Department Semi- ♦ + Weekly Journal. Carter*villa G*. ♦ A No Inquiries answered by mall ♦ r»» ° *iiiHiiimi>niiiiin>*> ♦ '»»* t The Star of Bethlehem. ! fl Lo la the outer court* of heaven The starry hoot* unnumbered stand; The Kin* o< Light to each has riven A— unto eea and land. And each Hit gracious law fulfilling. Descending co It* own bright ray— All palpitant and softly thrilling— Sheds HU own peace along the way. Tot. how the root tn light transcending. Fairer far than all of them. Flooding'each with raya unending. Chinee the Star of Bethlehem! Concentrating aU it* splendor. Blending all its bean.s in one. Rests the etar in radiance tender Over Mary a Infant Son! Bear light its source ia seeking Since Into th* ead old world Camo the King, the darkness breaking. Glory's banner* all unfurled. Once ho rested to a manger; Now enthroned with God on high, •till for foe. and friend, and stranger. Ia His eta* ia in the sky! —MARIA NEWTON MARSHALL Christmas Greeting. Tn <n the many months since this news paper has been making the readers of the Bend-Weekly regular visits In their homes and around their firesides there has not been a Jar or the least hard feeling In -The Country Home Department." so far as the editress know*. On the contrary, there has been ever tacre&rlng confidence and esteem. Words are inadequate to express the gratitude of the editress for the hundreds of letters which have been written to her by the gnany, many readers of The Semi-Weekly Journal on scores of topics and always dull and running over with kind wishes. remembrances and genuine desire to make our country homes better and more comfortable through these columns. It is one of the few newspaper* in all this broad land where helps and sugges tions for domestic life are not only sought for, but eagerly welcomed for our read er*. It it conducted by those with whom George peopple are acquainted and whose Interests are mutual, as well as their hope* and aspirations. 'This "Country Home Department" Is especially set apart for the mothers, wives and daughters of its readers. It is intend ed to meet their wishes especially in col lecting and furnishing everything that touches upon womankind—in comfort, edu cation and general Information on these and kindred topics. Therefore it is befitting that the holi day season, with all that Christmas stands for that is ennobling to human life should be welcomed by our Semi-Weekly reader* and correspondents In this spirit, with a heart full of appre ciation for past kindnesses, the editress offers to one and all the compliments of the season, with the hope that the New Tear will bring to every reader the best opportunity we have ever enjoyed for mu tual happiness and prosperity. - • Fine Pork Raising. My neighbor and friend. Mrs. Sam P. Jones, wife of the noted evangelist, is one of the most successful manager* in pork ralslng I have ever known. In January of the present year she found herself with the 12 little babv pig*, littered In the month of January. One of the little ones died from some cause, accident, per hapa She raised 11 to be grown, and the 11 were butchered this week. Out of this pork she made 500 pounds of lard for the 11 porkers, averaged 275 . pounds of net pork, a little over 3.000 pounds in all. The sausage, souse meat, everything was put up at home, in best order and delldou* eating for the family. I asked her to tell me her method of _ making a pig weigh 300 pounds in ten months. She said she had a pot of shelled corn boiled every day for the pig* until the pasture was ready for them in the early ■ummer Then they worked on the pas ture until taken up for fattening in close pens. After they were put up for fattening they were highly fed until time to butcher. What a transformation it was? Little baby pigs that saw the light in January and yet were killed in November, yield ing this immense amount of fine pork. Mr*. Jones said she had ten fine piece* of last year's bacon in her smokehouse when the new meat was packed away. I passed a butcher shop tn Cartersville and inquired the price of pork by retail. "Twelve and a hglf cent*.” was the reply- Multiply 3.000 pounds by 12 1-2 cents and you will see that Mrs. Jones had stowed away meat—good, first-class pork—that would have sold for 3375 in the town she lives in. Her pigs consumed the waste from her kitchen, and the corn was shattered and not salable last spring wnen she had It boiled for the pigs. Counting the economy, good manage ment and beqgtlful quality of the pork, Mrs. Jones has made a decided success of her pork raising enterprise. I fancy our farmers will adopt the method of rapid fattening when they sec the benefit* resulting from such methods as Mr*. Jones uses. Any young thing on the farm, whether It is a pig or a colt, needs to be pressed tn growth from the start. If ever they get stunted in their baby days they will stay so, but if you press them when their bones are tender they will expand and get size enough to pack on what you want to make them first dftSß. A colt or calf that Is half starved when young will always undersell those which had a good chance to grow in bone*. Nothing pays better than pork raising. Pig* or shoats in midsummer brought easily 5 cents a pound gross before fatten nlng Some farmers paid for transporta tion also, added to first price, at least 50 cent* a head. Pigs weighing 40 pounds now bring 32.50 tn our neighborhood If our people would set Bermuda pas ture* for their hog* on which the hogs F eulse Colors. a" M a.ny Soapltu W Powder* ma.*- qxiera.ding a.* Z /u iFoap < Either they pos- f V > i *es» little cleane- f _ in 8 power, or I” p a-K\\ ® Lre rncr ®iy I*- 'PEAILLINE ie la. true eoap powder,—built on eoap with other things added, that double its effectiveness. PEAR.LINE is improved eoap,—soap with more work* Ing power, more economy, ass. can live from June until September the cost of raising hogs will be reduced to the minimum. Bermuda grass will not be killed out by hot sun, like clover and oth er sown grasses. All the rooting and pull ing by pig* helps to spread and thicken Bermuda grass in southern pasture*. When it takes all the cotton one can raise with expensive labor to buy food to keep the family from want it would seem to be good sense to make what you eat at home by the labor you can control and let the hogs and cow* feed themselves in summer. . . Why Immense Cotton Fires Take Place The terrific destruction of life and property at Hoboken, N. J., in IMO. start ed from fire in cotton bales. News comes today of the finding of a bale of cotton, just about to be loaded on a German ship for ocean transporta tion, containing a lot of matches and cannon crackers imbeded inside the cot ton bale. It was one of eighteen hundred bales and the chances are that the fire would have certainly started from these matches and cannon crackers in the hold of the ship, and which would have de stroyed vessel and contents. It must be a diabolical mind which would lay such a fuse to destroy life and property—in such style as this. If the incendiary could be traced, hang ing would be too good for him. Cotton is very inflammable, I know, and requires care to preserve it from sparks and other accidents of similar kind—but there are entirely too many mysterious cotton conflagrations in this country on shipboard to be explained away by mere accident. If those cannon crackers and matches had not been discovered before the cot ton was stowed away in the hold of the vessel, the chances are there would have been a strange smell of smoke and after awhile an abandoned vessel in midocean. If no loss of life followed, as a sequence, it would have been a mercy. Insurance companies then have to pay odt hard cash for these' losses; and the cotton goes up in smoke, except that which sink* and rots ip the water a dead loss. The Uabolical incendiary goes scott free and is at liberty to pack an other cotton bale full of matches and cannon crackers, and fire another vessel loaded with Inflammable cotton. In my girlhood days I heard of a man who packed a big rock inside a bale of cotto.n Almost all ante-bellum farmers had their own gin houses run by horse power. The bale of cotton was sold, but there were marks enough on it to track it to It* starting place. Tears and years afterward the Incident would be repeated from lip to lip, and that man's integrity was vastly damaged by that big rock Inside his cotton bale. I heard of another who watered the bulk of the cotton in some bales, and covered it over with dry cotton, but the buyer came back at him in Just such an attitude a* caused the cotton money to be refunded at that story went along with the man's reputation like the hat on hi* bead or the coat on his back. It is amaxing to know how tight such ugly occurrences will cling to a person'* reputation—through constant and evil re port. A rock in a cotton bale or wet moulded cotton inside will hang on to the guilty one like a leach, sticking closer than a brovuer, if the comparison is ad missible. But as before . said, the placing of matches and cannon crackers Inside thia sh'pplng bale to ignite a vessel load of cotton far out at sea, was the act of a fiend, no matter what complexion or na tionality he owned or claimed to belong to. The heaviest penalty allowed by law should have been laid on the miscreant when apprehended, and that bale should have been tracked to its starting point until the villlan was run down and con victed, because he is liable to try the same game another time and do greater damage if possible than he first intended. A Complaint From School Patron*. DEVREAVX, Ga., Nov. 12th. Dear Mr*. Felton: As the school question is being agitated now and I have just read on your page, which I always enjoy, the needs of rural schools, please allow me to say in your page that our greatest and most urgent need is good, progressive teachers. We all wish to educate our children and are willing to sacrifice almost anything to obtain that end, but the present method is tn its infancy. I live within a hundred and fifty yards of a large school, yet I do not send, but teach my children as best I can at home. We have a third grade teacher elected by the trustees (a relative of their*) and our children last year went to him and it was time thrown away. Better to have kept them at home and tried to teach them to work or some thing else useful. This same teacher was elected again this year by his relatives, the trustees (they are sure to always give us their relatives), although the people petitioned the board for .his resignation. Last year he received 355 a month and his assistant 320. making a snug salary of 375. for no value received by the peo ple-3375 paid for five months and the people compelled to send or keep their children from school. * Some people are so poorly educated that they cannot discern between a first grade and third grade teacher, and think if their children can spell on sides their educa tion isicomplete. Some think if the teach er is in needy circumstances they are en titled to teach. The requirements of a teacher are never thought of. I wish the public schools were wiped out of existence, or a better grade of teachers. I am a poor woman and do all my work without help, but would cheerfully pay tuition rather than to send my children to such schools as are gen eral through the coutnry. There are ex ceptions. Now and then we find a rural school ruled by a yankee school marm that fills the bill. They are familiar with everything pertaining to public schools, while our southern people are only beginning to learn. The northern teachers are better equipped for teaching. While I loathe everything from yankee land I must admit their superiority as teacher*. I do not like their doctrine, and prefer our own people, but where there is such flagrant ignorance placed upon us by those in power, our thoughts turn to other states for teachers. Our school is gradually going down. All who are able are sending their children to Sparta, and some, like myself, keep them at home. Our present teacher allows his pupils to hear his lessons, and my little girl went twelve days to school and said the same lesson lesson each day of nine words in a word book for a week. It was heard by a child seven or eight years old, a niece of the teacher. I always teach my children their lessons at night, and require them to recite them perfect before they go In the morning. Again the teachers prefer to have the children remain absent, as there is less work, and frequently express themselves by remark ing that they don't care, a* the pay goes on the same. If you find anything in here worth publishing. I am willing my name come i in full under it, as I can substantiate every word I have written. It is best the people know what is done with their taxes. Your*, very truly, MRS. M. A. BAUGH. Perhaps the Harvard student who won a tl.rce-dollsr bet by getting on the outside of three beefsteaks, two mutton chops, two dishes of peas, two cups of coffee and two pints of water at a single sitting Is working to receive, the degree of D. Ph. at the next commence ment season.—Des Moines Capital. THE SEMI-WEEKLY JOURNAL, ATLANTA, GEORGIA, THURSDAY, DECEMBER 26, 1901. Celebrating the Greatest of All Events. A CHRISTMAS MEDITATION. BY BISHOP WARREN A. CANDLER. If somewhere upon our world a huge meteoric stone, charged with magnet ic qualities, should fall, it would at tract worldwide attention. If upon it were found Impressed evidences that it had been projected from the hand of God upon our world, and that It* touch Imparted healing for man'* worst woes, how the multitudes would flock to see it and to touch In the coming of Jesus among men we have on event far more wonderful than all this; for the most conclusive evidences show that he came from God, that he brings healing to the nations and that he ha* magnetic qualities which tend to draw all men unto him. He comes as no inanimate stone might fall, a strange, mateless mass of once molten matter found in some unknown quarter of the uni verse. He is the word made flesh, dwelling among us full of grace and truth. “In him is the fullness of the Godhead bodily” as St. Paul teaches and in him is the perfection of man hood spiritually. He shows how deep divine love can stoop to rescue men and how high humanity can rise when touched with heavenly powers. The incarnation begun by the birth and eternalized by the resurrjptlon and ascension of Jesus, is the most sublime and influential fact in the history of our world. It is this fact we cele brate at Christmas. It is a matter of small moment whether men have or nave not fixed upon the correct date for the annual celebration of the birth of our Lord. It rt mains too clear for doubt that some nineteen hundred years ago an event occurred in Palestine which has been more influential for good among men than all the campaigns of the i.lgh captains of the earth and all the sages and statesmen of the ages. A brief life with a manager cradle at one end and a borrowed tomb at the other, was spent in poverty deeper than that of the birds of the air and the foxes of the forest, and yet from it ha* sprung all the riches, both ma terial and immaterial, found in what we call Christian civilization. The out come of that life is the miracle of his tory. Men need not perplex themselve;* about the phenomenon of Bethlehem's star and the wonder of the singing an gels hovering above the amazed shep herds. The lights of civilization lit by his hand which burn above our heads every day and every night are far greater and more mysterious, if he be not God, than the luminary which the entranced Wise Men followed. The mu sic which from cathedral to cottage pours itself forth upon the evening air everywhere throughout Christendom today is a greater marvel than the an gelic strains which fell upon the ears of the enraptured shepherds. Whence all this brightness in Christian lands, with thick darkness everywhere else in the world? Whence all these Han dels and Beethovens and Haydns and this innumerable company of singers • and players on instruments which no man can number, making Christian lands resonant with strains est unearth ly gladness, while in the regions be yond these lands humanity sits discon solate with harp unstrung upon the willows which grow by the streams of earthly grief? Surely there has broken in upon our world a (supernatural life of love which seeks to encompass all mankind in its warm embrace. As one has said "The world Itself is changed, and is no more the same that it was; it has nev er been the same since Jesus left it. The air is charged with" heavenly odors, and a kind of celestial con sciousness. a sense of other worlds, is wafted on us in its breath.” The facts of contemporaneous his tory show that a superhuman energy, is suing from the man Cnrlst Jesus, is active in the world, working for the amelioration of human ills and the ac complishment of human perfection. No marvel of a by-gone age can exceed in magnitude this manifest miracle be fore our eyes. Christian history, after every Just Historical Room of Woman's Building At the Charleston Exposition BY ELLE GOODE. A* I said before, the Woman’s building is an old colonial residence, which, during the Revolution, served as headquarters for the British, and in it are now collect ed many rare and valuable mementoes. The large hall upstairs has been called the "Historical Room,” for here are these old relics arranged for inspection. Miss Caroline Moreland, one of Charleston’s best known young ladies, and Miss Rowe, the granddaughter of Gilmore Simms, the noted southern writer, have the room in charge, and they very kindly gave me many interesting facts. One of the most interesting relics is a piece of the Fort Sumter flag. It is made of strips of red, white and blue alpacca. On the blue strip is a white star, which is now yellow with age. It is exquisitely made by hand, the stitches being almost impossible to find. There is also the “Post Return” from Fort Sumter, of 1863. The garrison at that tidie was under the command of Captain T. A. Huguenin, of. the First South C&ro llna infantry regulars. Huguenin is quite a prominent South Carolina name and has been brought before the public lately in Lafayette McLaw’s beautiful story of "When the Land Was Young." The story is laid around Charleston, and the char acters all bear the old Charleston names, so that the book will be very interesting to those who are expecting to visit Charleston during the exposition. There is an engraving of Private Charles Pinckney, Brown, who signed the South Carolina ordinance of recession. He was a very brilliant man as well as an able soldier, and although promotion aftjer promotion was offered him, he refused them, saying that he had helped to bring on the war and would stand side by side with the privates to the "bitter end.” He was shot through the head at the battle of SecesslonvHle, June 10, 1862. His old ar my coat, now all “tattered and torn,” hangs near his picture, and proved quite and object of Interest to some southern people the other day. After examining it carefully they asked if there was a pic ture anywhere of the Confederate flag, as they had never seen one in the genuine colors. It was pointed out to them, and they really "admired” it. Another Confederate souvenir is a cop per dust pan, taken from t*»e federal gun boat “Isaac P. Smith,” on Storm river, in the fall of 1863. The original ordinance of secession Is kept in the South Carolina state build ing, but there is a copy of it here. Also a Confederate bill with the picture of Mrs. Frances Pickens, the beautiful wife of Governor Andrew Pickens, who was gov ernor during the war. She was one of the “beautifql southern women” written of recently in the Ladies’ Home Journal. On the wall hangs a very good picture of John C. Calhoun and below it, hand somely framed, is a China plate, in the center of which is the coat-of-arms of the United States. This set was presented to him by the Chinese emperor w’hile on his travels abroad. The back-gammon board of General Francis Marlon is well worth a few mo ment’s notice. It is made of rich black wood inlaid with pearl, and once, when It was loaned to an exposition, “someone,” to freshen it up, varnished it. When Gen eral Marlon left South Carolina he gave it to his friend, General Moore, and on his subtraction is made for all possible hypocrisies and infidelities, is a result of such stupendous power and worth that nothing but an incarnation of God is adequate cause by which to account for it. The Son of God became the Son of Man that every son of man might be empowered to become a son of God. Otherwise all the stock of godliness in Christian lands is an in explicable mystery. Here as nowhere else are seen the visible effects of a vivid sense of the divine impressed upon manners, literatures, codes of laws, national institutions and nation al characters. The contrast between Christian and pagan lands in this par ticular is as marked as the difference between the palm groves of the tropics and the dwarfed shrubbery of the frigid zones. Uninspired human Intellects could never have conceived the idea of the incarnation any more than unaided human powers could have executed the plan of salvation or unassisted hu man agents could have achieved the results of Christian history. The high est thought of a kindred nature of which ancient or modern paganism has been capable has been a deified man losing his humanity by his apotheosis or a humanized god trans cendently appearing as a man, beset with human infirmities and bereft of heavenly character. Its Jupiter misbe having in the heavens or its Hercules disappearing in the clouds is the best god it can manufacture. But in Jesus we have neither a god become a man nor a man become a god. but the God- Man. He is Immanuel—“ God be with us.” He bridges the tremendous chasm between God and man. revealing to us the depths to which divine love can descend and the heights to which hu man nature may rise. It is no wonder that the angels saw disclosed at His birth the highest glory of God and the noblest hope of man. Even the Inani mate forces of nature themselves might well have responded to the ap pearance on earth of Him who in the beginning was God, and was with God, and without whom was not anything made that was made. Stars might well come bending in stately obeisance before Him who set them in their places at the first and who laid before them their pathway* in the trackless spaces of the firma ment. One radiant wanderer may well have been started from the outset of the morning of creation to meet . Him at Bethlehem with transfiguring light to glorify with celestial honor* hl* earthly destitution. Such an arrange ment would have involved no excess of homage to the combination of wisdom, love and power which in redemption shine. With no extravagance of irreverent fancy sings the great Mil ton in hl* “Hymn on the Nativity:” "But peaceful was the night Wherein the Prince of Light His reign of peace upon th* earth began. The winds, with wonder whist Smoothly the waters kissed. Whispering new joy* to the mild ocean. Who now hath quite forgot to rave, While birds of calm *lt brooding on the charmed wave. "The stars with deep amaze, Stand fixed in steadfast gaze, Bending one way their precious in fluence. And will not take their flight. For all the morning light. Or Lucifer than often warned them thence; But in their glimmering orbs did glow. Until their Lord hhnself bespake and bade them go.” The season which recalls the sacred scene of the stall and the manger should, wake within us all every wor shipful sentiment and benevolent im pulse. Heaven and earth call us to give glory to God in the highest and to promote piety and peace among men. - > death it passed to relatives, and so on down. But what interested me most was what I found about William Gilmore Simmes, the noted South Carolina writer. There is an exquisite pencil sketch of him made by H. B. Bounethean one evening in Simms’ study. And his portfolio, on which he wrote all his famous pieces, is also to be seen. He first used it in hie 17th year and became so attached to it that, “come what might,” he would not part with it, and used it up to the time of his death. His oldest son now owns it. Then there is the famous oil portrait of him, by Benjamin West, the great artist. The bronze bust which is placed in the Battery park was made from this por trait. St. Michael's, the famous colonial church, has been written up time and time again, but there seems always to be something new, and this I found in the historical room. It is an old “pew grant,” made in 1760. St. Michael's is an Episco pal church, and, of course, being built prior to the revolution,, was under the su pervision and direction of the Church of England. I am sure there are few who have seen these old pew grant*, *o I reproduce this one: “This indenture, made the 6th day of December in the year of our Lord 1760, and in the 34th year of the reign of our sovereign lord, King George the Second, between (names), the commissioners law fully appointed for building the Parish church of St. Michael, Charles Town, in the province of South Carolina, of the pne part and Thomas Nightingale of the other, wltnesseth that the said commis sioners for and in consideration of the sum of £SO of good and lawful money of the said province by the said Nightin gale, subscribed toward the building of the church and to them the said commis sioners in hand paid before the sealing and delivery of these presents, the re ceipt thereof is hereby acknowledged, have (by two several acts of assembly, in that case made and provided) granted bar gained, sold, aliened, enfoeffed and con firmed and by these presence do grant, bargain, sell, alien, enfoeff and confirm unto the said Thomas Nightingale, hl* heirs and assigns, that pew in the said parish church of St. Michael known and distinguished in the plan of the said church by the nufnber 101. To have and to hold the said pew numbered 101 In the said parish church of St. Michael unto the said Thomas Nightingale, his heirs and assigns to the only proper use and hereof of the said Thomas Nightingale, heirs and assigns forever. “In witness whereof the said parties to these presents have hereunto interchange ably set their hands and seals.” And to this very day the said heirs and assigns of the said Thomas Nightingale hold the said pew In St. Michael’s church and will continue to do so for many years to come. The pews In St. Michael’s pass down from one generation to another and are prized and beloved by their occupants much as their homes. There are many, many more interesting things in the room, but one must stop some time. I know that the United Daugh ters o* the Confederacy will appreciate these relics, as in fact will all who visit the room, for things are so well arranged and’ so nicely described to you by the young ladies who have it in charge. $4,500,000 for a New West Point When congress reassembled after the Christmas holidays a great national uni versity at West Point will be officially brought to its attention. Elaborate plans for the rebuilding and extension of the Military Academy have already been pre pared and will be soon submitted to the military authorities in Washington for their approval and transmission to con gress. They call for a new academic building, a mammoth memorial viaduct connecting the new academy with the present admin istration building, a new and extensive administration building, a larger and more modern cadet barracks, and some thirty-four other buildings. In additiqn to these new buildings the plans propose the utilization of Immense tracts of government territory in and around the present military reservation, which have never been before used, some of the propbsed territory being conspicu ously identified with Revolutionary his tory. The preliminary estimates call for an expenditure of about $4,500,000, exclusive of plant for heating and lighting. This is not a very large amount when it is con sidered that for the re-building of the Naval Academy at Annapolis, congress appropriated something like 38,000,000, and before the work is completed more money will be needed. President Roosevelt, in his message to congress, called attention to the needs of West Point, and he Is in thorough sym pathy with the proposed enlargement. Secretary of War Root also gives it his cordial indorsement, and believes con gress will appropriate the necessary money. The report of the last Board of Visitors to the Military Academy emphatically condemned the present buildings at the Institution and urged a more liberal poli cy on the part of congress in behalf of West Point. It is believed that that re port will also carry great weight in in ducing congress to grant the necessary appropriations. The most important feature of the West Point reconstruction is the new Academic building. It will be built of stono, a three-story structure, 270 feet long and 70 feet wide. It will be built on the hill overlooking the Hudson where the pres ent Headquarters building stands, and it will be connected with the present Acad emic building by a picturesque monumen tal viaduct, which will be a sort of me morial gateway to the new and great academy. The next great improvement will he the extension of the cadet barracks. This new barracks will be an extension of the present cadet quarters and will dlrectlj face the large parade ground now occu pied by officers’ quarters. This barracki will be 370 feet long, equal to tile present front of the old barracks. It will be three stories in height. Directly opposite the present cadet mess the new administration bunding will be erected. It will be built of stone, three stories in height, the dimensions being 140 by 65 feet. THE BIG FACE IN THE ICE. Gigantic Visage That Startled a Sail or On a Norwegian Steamer. Philadelpnia North American. A real but gigantic Santa Claus, is com ing down from the frozen north, according to reports brought in by the Norwegian steamer Drottllng Sophia. On the blotter at the Maritime Exchange the vessel's re port—“ Four icebergs passed six miles north-northwest from Cape St. Francis”— seemed little out of the ordinary, but an interview with the captain brought to light a most curious freak of- nature. The ship, with her cargo of iron ore for this port, passed the four bergs when two days out from Wabana, N. F. But little attention was paid to them until the ship was just abreast of the largest one. A cry from one of the crew on watch attracted all hands. Captain Nordhal at first thought what he saw was an optical Il lusion, but leveled his glasses and then ordered the course of the ship changed. The Drottllng Sophia sailed around the end of the berg, and all members of the crew saw at close range the gigantic head of a man in profile, as clearly defined In the ice as though chiseled by a sculptor. The forehead was at the very top. depres sions gave the appearance of eyes, the nose was clear cut, and the bottom of the berg, seamed by tiny rivulets of melting ice, had every resemblance to a long, flowing beard tapering off into the water. The iceberg was over 200 feet high and was evidently aground in about ninety fathoms of water. The face and head, said Captain Nordhal. bore great resemb lance of the familiar Santa Claus. Boston Boy Edified. It was at one of the summer schools that flourish up New England way every year, and the white-haired lady had just finished her address, says Harpers' Maga zine. Among the crowd surrounding her, swayed by a congratulatory spirit, w*s a little boy— a Boston boy. Presently, when he had his opportunity, he shook hands and said: “I was very much pleased with your re marks. I have been waiting for years to hear you speak on this topic. It was one of the best addresses on the subject I ever heard.” The hoy -was nine years old, the sub ject of the address "Motherhood.” Temple of Abu Simbal. Our course along the Upper Nile led through Nubia, giving the sight of many ruins—the temple of Abu-Stmbal proving the most noted object. In fact, there were two of these rock-temples, built by Rameses 11., the Inscriptions in Greek dating from 502 B. C., telling that when Psammeticus ctrtne to Elephantine, the writers—giving their names —also went to that place byway of Kerkis. But far more grand and imposing was the one that met us at Abu-Slmbal, being cut from the solid rock, or, rather, built Into Its steers face. The facade Itself is formed by cutting away a square space 100 feet, having * cornice of seated synocephall—truly, a mag nificent setting for so imposing a structure. The entrance is flanked by four collossl of Rameses. while over the portal, in a niche, stands the Sun-god Ra, towering in majesty above the others. One can form an idea of their size by saying that one big toe-nail of Rameses afforded me a comfortable seat. The figures are well preserved, one figure alone being minus Its head and arms. From the many photographs so accessible the benignant and lifelike expressions can be readily re called. says a writer In the Catholic World Magazine. Equally so are the faces looking forth from the eight Oslrlde columns# in the en trance hall, on which are sculptured the memorable deeds of the great Rameses. In rooms leading from this grade vestibule are always seen mural sculpture* similar to the preceding. A smaller pillared hall opens into another, bringing to view what seemed a sanctuary. Here were sehted statues of Amen, Ptah, Bonus, with Rameses the Great, or Sesostris. Various lateral chambers and hails are ever and anon seen, all with their his toric sculptures telling in mute language of the long-burled past, rousing wonder and ad miration as we trace the footsteps of that ancient people, walking the earth centuries ago. New regulations for the government of the Viennese police department demand that appli cants for positions on the force must be able to swim, row a boat and manipulate a tele graph key. The reed bird is now on sale 1n the Chicago markets, and that there may be no "substitu tion" the dealers leave the tail feathers in the carcaas, which is elsewhere denied. You don't know how much better you will feel if you take Hood’s Sarsaparilla. It will impart strength and give you a feeling of health and vigor. Be sure to get Hood’s. *•* |SI CURES WHERE All ELSE FAILS. Ed KU Best Cough Syrup. Tastes Good. Use gl tn time. Sold by druggists. ? , ' j|A I Unlfl g For Infants and Children. Kind y° u Have iHIISIffIB I Always Bought AVegetablePreparationforAs- B slmilatingtteToodandßegula- ■ , > tinglhcSiomachsandßoweisQf F BCaTS 1116 Z< t | Signature //far : Promotes DigesHon,Cheerful- ■ Z UT ness and Rest. Con tains neither w /aAlf Opium nor Htnp.ral. ® '•' ± Bl\ 1 Not Narcotic. S <t \ i f r I A In ju*inss*r - > ,9 |\ I II F 111 . X Us 6 A perfect Remedy for Constipa- Ml ■ If lion,SourStomach.Diarrhoea, Bl IjZ « A Worms .Convulsions,Feverish- ■ I a* 11 if n H ness and Loss of Sleep. M lUI UVCI TacSimil* Signature of 'fig VI i » 1 i hirtv Years 14TW YORK. ■ ■III ■I J ■V M I I ICASTORIA v c<IfTAUR co MFA »rv, rkw vowk errv. Unwritten Chapters in Georgia History. BY GEORGE G. SMITH, Vlnevlfle, Macon, Ga. When Georgia was settled there was but one opinion about the slavery of Africans, and that was in its favor. There was not the slightest moral wrong, men thought, in buying a slave in Africa and bringing him to a Chris tian country. Not even the Quakers had as yet recognized the system as an evil and had slaves without compunc tion, but the trustees forbade their in troduction into the Georgia colony. This they did from purely economic reasons. They wanted to build up a colony in which poor men could get a start in the world,, and where there would be no. slave labor to compete with those who had to labor with their hands. They did not wish large estates estates to be the rule, and so gave only a few grants of 500 acres of land. Their land tenure was for life, only unless there were heirs male, and the settler brought in by them could only get 50 acres of wild land as his hold ing. Rum was forbidden and slavery was not to be allowed. The nearest colony was South CaroAina; it was now very prosperous. Rice planting was profitable and negro slaves w’ere in great demand. There was a large slave market in Charleston and negroes were very cheap. Land was easily secured in that province and so all the people of means who came south from Vir ginia and from other lands stopped in South Carolina. The colony of the trustees banquetted, a great outcry was raised against Mr. Oglethorpe and loud complaints sent to England about the state of affairs. In my story of Georgia the story is told of this con flict between the Oglethorpe and the anti-Oglethorpe parties at length. The chief grievance was that there were no slaves. The Highlanders said they did not want them, the Germans said they did not, and certain leading men near Savannah said they ought to be excluded, but the larger part of the people said they must have African labor or give up the colony. The trustees refused to yield for near 20 years. Then Mr. James Haber sham, who was the wisest and most influential man in the colony advised that slaves should be allowed and plainly stated that the colony would die, if they were not introduced. In this view he was seconded by Mr. Whitfield, who had now become a man of great influence, and the trustees yielded and then negroes were brought to Georgia as slaves.. The first large immigration came from South Caro lina. Joseph Bryan, the father of Jonathan, the brothers Barquin, the Butlers, and sundry others who had considerable plantations in South Car olina came* to Georgia. Mr. Whitfield bought slaves in Charleston, Sir Pat rick Houston, Noble Jones, James Habersham. Lachlln McGilverny and others opened plantations around Sa vannah and the rice fields and negro quarters were found where the pas senger stations and railway shops are now. Although some of the negroes were American born they were all of them virtually Africans. Their envir onments had had but little transform ing influence. It is very, difficult for the Georgian of this day accustomed • to seeing the negroes and colored peo ple as they now appear to get a true idea of what these people were near two hundred years ago. Not much over five feet tall, with low brows, heavy Jaws, kinky heads, muddy eye*. • flat feet, with rows of shining white ’ teeth they seemed a link between the ape and the man. They had been slaves in Africa in many cases and they were the wildest of savages. Their language was the strangest jar gon and they had not the slightest idea of what the white man called re ligion or morality. They worshipped the devil when they worshipped anything, for they said the devil would hurt them if they dtd not pay him homage. They had no idea of purity or honesty. They were only, kept at labor by the certainty of punish ment. They had never had any pity shown them in Africa and on the slave ship, and they expected none. They were branded by the slave dealers and by their owners, oftentime, with a hot iron, and it was a death penalty in the colony to efface a brand. They were fed on potatoes and rice and corn, and rarely had meat. Tfielr clothing was generally one garment, a long shirt. The people who owned them were Scotchmen, Englishmen and Spaniards. The story of Robinson Crusoe and the authentic account of the labors of Las Casas give us a true view of the ' character of their toi-dage. The first effort of which I have found any mention to establish a mission among them by Protestants and lead them to the truth was made in Geor gia and by James Haoersham. He in duced Mr. Whitefield to send him a young Methodist from England to be a missionary to his negroes. These poor, ignorant savages fell Into the hands of good people, in the main, and were treated kindly as a rule, and In- . creased rapidly. There were not many when they first came, but before the revolution there were thousands of them. After Sir James Wright came, and after Sunbury and Savannah be gan to prosper the merchants brought large cargoes of slaves from Sierra Leone, in Africa, and sold them to th* planters on the coast. The men with few slaves were generally elbowed out of the way of the larger planters, and all along the Great and Little Ogechee and on the Savannah and tn tha swamps of Liberty, and on the Turtle river, in Glynn, and on the Neck, in Bryan, there were large bodies of slaves even before the Revolutionary war. The children of these well-to-do planters Inherited great plantation* and scores and hundreds of negroes, and became the famous rice planter* of lower Georgia. The savages were gradually civilized, and while never as long as slavery ex isted fully enlightened they were vast ly changed before they W’ere set fre* from the white man’s control. I will in another article give a picture of th* negro of 50 years ago as he then ap peared on the rice plantations and the sea islands, but now I am concerned with the first negroes in Georgia. Tnere are many readers of the Journal who do not recognize the picture I have drawn, but those who lived on th* coast and who knew the African as ho was will be able to underwrite it. These, however, were not the only slaves In Georgia. The Virginia negroes who cam* to Georgia were Africans by descent, but not by birth. The Barons of th* Poto mac and the James who, like King Carter and Colonel Byrd, and the Ran dolphs, and Bolings, had hundreds and even thousands of slaves, did not come to Georgia. The Virginians who camo to Georgia were at first men without any slaves; then they brought a few, from three to twenty, and after cotton planting began in rare cases the rich planter with 60 slaves came to make a settlement in Georgia. As a general thing he moved on till he reached the black lands of Alabama, the Mississip pi bottom on the Red River. The care ful study of Wilkes, Elbert, Green, Columbia and Burke shows that those who had such a large number of slaves in after time came to Georgia with only a few. The largest slave owner in upper Georgia before the beginning of the century, was John Cobb, who had 65, and his kinsman, John Lewis, who had more. These negroes were unlike the Sea island negroes in everything but color. They bad 150 years of Anglo- Saxon influence behind them and they had changed in every feature, physi cal, mental and moral. They lived a* well as their masters did. They ate if not at yet from the same table. They were vigorous, well-built and of ten comely. There was, of course, great variety among them. There was among them many Uncle Remuses and Old Si’s and they descended in th* scale to the most brutal savage even more despicable than his ancestor cap tured in the swamps of the Congo, but on the whole no race had ever pro gressed more wonderfully and mor* rapidly. , These "old Vlrginy niggers,” as they loved to call themselves, were a peopl* to themselves. They had no use or affinity for the low down negro from the rice plantations. When Tom was a coachman or Sally a ladies* maid there was no way of measuring the contempt with which they regarded poor white trash and low down, no count plantation niggers. The law* made by the Englishman and Scotch man under the direction of the trus tees, laws which have been held up as evidence of the Georgians’ brutality, were not made by Georgians at all. They are brought ouT fully in my his tory and in that of Col. Jones and Bish op Stevens, and while they sound strangely in these days they were th* best possible then. They aimed to se cure to the negro full protection of life and limb and to see to it that he had food, clothing, shelter and supervision, but they aimed to keep a savage in subjection. In a future chapter I will tell a story which In a few years more will sound like a Action of the negro on the old time plantation. If your subscription ha* expired an< you wish to get our next issue send ui a money order or register us sl, selec your premium, and your subscriptioi will be renewed for one year. Don* delay. As the great powers, including the United States, declined at The Hague to commit themeelvee to a scheme of compulsory arbi tration no surprise need be felt if the Pan- AHierlcan conference in session In Mexico fa , ’« to do any better. When the big Injuns • swear eternal peace the little InJun* win— ajjd not before.—Springfield Republican. I Want Every Weak Man to write me fully about his case, and learn what I can do to restore his manly vigor. I give each case individual attention, and do not rely upon ready-made medicine*. My treat ment 1* the result of twenty years experience, and has cured some of the worst cases on record. Send for book and symptom blanks: correspondence confidential. J. NEWTON HATHAWAY, M. D., U Inma* Bldg., At lanta, Ga.