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♦ Agricultural Editor. Monticello. G* ♦
d »♦♦♦♦■»l IIIIIMI !UH I +■»«"»
PLANTATION OIL MILLS.
In my last article the fertilizer problem
was discussed in a general yay. *«’d the
posit.on waa taken that the farmers
should give more thought and study to
that’ Important Item of their annual ex
pense. One of the quickest method* of re
lief trill be found Ift the establishment of
email plantation cotton seed oil mills to be
operated In connection with a flrst-clas*
co-operative system ginnery. The disposi
tion to build these co-operative ginneries
tn different neighborhoods throughout the
cotton belt east of the Mississippi river, I'
ilnd to be growing fast in favor. I have
always favored the co-operation of farm
ers upon any sort proposition and for aay
purpose, realising that wherever and
whenever unity of action can be secured
that the community will derive advan
tageous results.
Ten active, progressive men earnestly
pulling together with a common purpose
tn view will accomplish far more than if
the ten-were divided and Indifferent, or
ail the work placed upon the shoulder* c?
one. It is quite common now in a good
cotton section to find a number of farm
ers owning and running a co-operative gin
plant provided with all modern and up
to-date improvements. These system gin
neries are usually equipped with an abun
dance of horeepowvr necessary to operate
not only the gin plant during the fall sea
son. but also a grist and custom flouring
mill during every day in the year. These
co-operathe plants are making good In
terest on the investment because the bus
iness is already assured through the
products raised by the different stock
holders who own and manage considera
ble farming interests.
•mall Oil Milin.
Tn connection with these co-operative
gin plants it would be on the part
of their owners to go < step further and
purchase a small five-ton cotton seed oil
mill and crush the seed from their cotton
crops just as it is done tn the larger mills.
There is no greater reason why we should
sell and ship our seed to the larger oil
mills than that we should ship our seed
cotton direct to the local spinner. If we
can crush our seed at home and sell the
oil at good prices, keeping the meal and
hulls at home, certainly there is kind
of business reason why we should freight
our seed to distant mills and buy back the
meal and hulls at a profit to the mill own
er*. including freight both ways. The
farmers can keep the profit on meal and
hulls paid to the mill owners at present in
their own pockets and save seary freight
rates both ways. As a matter of fact, the
larger oil mills would prefer to handle the
nil exclusively, and are in the crushing
business largely because of the necessity
of the situation. A small five-ton oil mill,
with a crushing capacity of 35# bushels of
seed daily, can be bought complete for the
•Vtn of 3V*Y A 50 horse power engine,
the size usually found in co-operative gin
neries. will furnish all the power needed
to drive the machinery. The Cardwell Ma
chine company at Richmond. Va.. man
ufactures these small plantation oil mills,
and quite a number of them are already tn
use. paying to the owners an average an
nual dividend of 25 per cent on the Invest
ment. They are manufactured to fill the
wants we are discussing in this article,
and their use will gradually increase as
time wjar* along.
. Necessity of Situation.
The gradual control of all the principal
oil mills In the south Is being merged Into
the ownership of one company. The time
must soon come when oil mill owners will
be mi a position to absolutely dictate the
price of seed. as the price of guano is be
itm dictated today. Farmers are determin
ed to get money out of their seed, and if
there is no other recourse open they will
sell them at a sacrifice when competition
among the buyers has ceased. The neces
sity **f the situation .hen calls for action
on the part of the producers If they would
nrotet: that portion of their cotton pro-
OurtyfTrrn heavy losses in the future. If
these small oil mills were erected and
•ipejated In connection with ginneries it
wnqfd soon place the producers in the de
sirable position of being able to market
only those portions of the cotton crop
which should leave their farms and for
which they have no need except to sell
and those arc the (inland oil. Good, sound
seed will yield rt gallons of oil to the ton.
At the present price of 36 cents per gallon
for the ernfi* oil. the 4* gallons from one
tun of seed will sell for FI4.H or command
th*.value of about 22 cents per bushel for
the oil ak>ne. in addition to the oil a ton
of seed will yield 725 pounds meal. LOOT
pound* of hull* and about 12 worth of
lint. The selling price of these products at
present market values arc as follows:
Forty fallen* of oil at 34 cents. $14.40; 725
pounds meal at 51.23. SAM: 1.000 pounds
hulls at 40 cents. 14-00: lint. St. total. *23.45.
or 44 cents per bushel levs than cost of
manufacture and freights to mill.
The freights are usually fixed on a
basis vs fl.*3 per ton and the cost of work
ing at the mills t 3 per toss in addition to
yds mull fe figured interest on invest
ment and wear and tear of machinery. At
nreaept prices for oil and t|ic prices at
y.hich the mills bought their seed this
season a good margin for profit Is still
left, and all of our southern mills will
make good money this jegr. How much
better «t would be for the farmers, though.
If’ they would appreciate their position a
little more fully, and instead of selling
the seed, crush them at their gin plants,
sell th ecrude oil and take their meal and
hulls back home. The meal and hulls
♦ ould then be utilised in fattening graded
beef cattle for market or by mixing the
meal with phosphoric acid and potash un
der simple formulas and make their own
guanos at home.
This would make an enormous saving
to the farmers tn the rale of their seed
and In the purchase of guano. These are
matters worthy the serious consideration
of the best business men on the farm.
The more rapid development of co-opera
tive gin plants and MMfi plantation oil
mills all run under the management of a
community of interest* is ono of the grow
ing demands of the times. It will mean In
the end more independence for the pro
ducer and the securing of a larger profit
or. the money products from his farm.
These needed reforms are along the proper
lines of reform in which the interests of
the farmer* are to be regarded a* para
mount to all others.
HARVIE JORDAN.
SHAW & CAMP, MACHINERY.
"GEISER” SAW MILLS.
• ■•Peerless” Engines and Boilers, 'Ostser”
g. A' GralnSerarstors. "Cbaeee*" Shingle Milla, James
4atW***. 'ihlen A Sons’ Saws. Bits and Shanks, Plan
z zfi It _ fng Mill Machinery. ■ Everything we sell is
<* *r»t-class and guaranteed. Catalogue free,
will call to see you. If you mean business
SHAW & CAMP,
47 Ftrt«tk 6t
INQUIRY DEPARTMENT.
E. T. 8.. Lowell. Ga -Please give me
the name and address of the state geolo
gist. as I have some minerals I desire to
have analysed.
Answer—Address State Geologist Tates,
Atlanta. Ga.. care the Capitol.
N. A. J.. Zula. Ga.—Dear Sirs; In your
timely talks with the farmers will you
give me information. I wish to plant 20
acres In watermelons and cantaloupes.
The land has hen cleared W long time and
has been pastured for five or six years.
A fine pasture of hroom sedge grass and
it was partly grown up in pine bushes,
all of which have beeft cut and burned.
Also the land turned well with two-horse
plows. This land is sandy mountain land
with red subsoil. Will you give me for
mula fort be best fertilizer for these crops
on that kind of land? Will worms prey
upon the eantaloupe on lhe above de
scribed land as much as they-would an
ordinary oM land? If so give me a preven
tive. Any information on growing these
crops will be highly appreciated.
Answer—A very good formula for melons
to be used on the land described would be
as follows:
Phosphoric acid (15 per cent .available)
750 pounds', kalnit, pounds; cotton seed
meal, or dried blood, 350 pounds. TOTal
2.0T0 pounds.
Mix well and apply to the furrows at
rate pf 500 pounds per acre. During the
growth of the melon plants you would
derive good results by application of 75
pounds nitrate of soda per acre, scratched
in the surface of the soil around the plants
with a hand rake.' If you use stable ma
nure. mix the same proportion of phos
phoric acid and kalnit with *each 10.000
pounds of the manure, and apply tn fur
row. Aa you have burned off the weeds,
grass and bushes, besides turning the land
well, there has been but little opportunity
for Insects to escape and you are not like
ly to be troubled with them. The land
before planting should be nicdly harrowed
and pulverised. Lay off the rows for wa
termelons 10x10 feet and for cantaloupes
6x< feet. Open out the furrows wide and
deep, drill in th* fertilisers, mixing it
thoroughly with the soil by using a small
scooter plow run twice in each furrow.
List by throwing six furrows together,
and upon the bed so made plant by plac
ing in the seed about one inch deep, and
no deeper. Continue to replant every
week until a full stand of one good plant
to each hill has been secured. Cultivate
rapidly with shlllow plows. Bed out the
middles when the plants are up. Plow
away from the plants as they continue to
grow and never under any circumstances
turn the vines about when plowing.
I have several nice June pear trees
which are several years old and none of
them have ever borne fruit except one,
which bore not over half a dozen. Will
you please tell me through The Journal
what will make them bear fruit, or wheth
er they can be made to bear or not?
Pleasant. 8. C. G. W. E.
Answer: You should secure the services
of your state entomologist, as the local
conditions may be the cause or the trees
may in some way be diseased. If the
blooms will not pollenize it may be neces
sary to buy some pear trees of another
variety and plaift in your orchard.
If you will state the naipe of the variety
you hkVe. their condition as to healthful
ness. whether or not the land upon which
they grow is cultivated or not and if they
bloom freely each spring but develop no
fruit at aIL I will undertake to 1 find out
what the trouble Is
VAGARIES OF A COLD.
You <-«n herer be iur» •here ■ cold/1* <»ln«
to hit you. In tbe fall and winter it mav settle
in the bowels, producing severe pain Do not
be alarmed nor torment yourself with fears of
appendicitis. At the first sign of * cramp take
Perry Davis' Painkiller tn warm, sweetened
water and relief comes at once There la but
one Painkiller. Perry Daria', 25 and 5C cents.
l ><»♦♦♦! 1 I I»l
♦ WITH THE EXCHANGES. ♦
Curing Pea Vines.
Farm and Ranch.
Cut the stack poles so they wilF not be
over eight feet high after set in ground.
Nail two slats, about four feet long,
transversely across pole ten Inches from
ground and at right angles to each other.
Begin the stack on these cross pieces.
When about three feet high, nail on one
slat. When six f*et high nail on another
slat, thus using four slats to the stack.
Then complete the stack and cap as best
you can with fork. Do not in any case
get on the stack. Be sure to cover the
end of stack pole good to prevent water
from running down pole. In al! cases rake
and stack immediately after cutting.
The greenest of peavines will cure tn this
way and then retain their natural color,
aroma and sweetness. Have the rake
drag vines directly to the stack, and two
or three hands will stack as fast as ma
chine will cut it. So in case of rain, you
have no hay down. Curing peavine hay
by sunning is all a mistake. The sun only
bleeches it and destroys |fs sweetness.
The above is no theory, but is from
years of practical experience. I have nev
er lost a stack'when properly put up.
Chance* in the South.
McDowell Record.
Chances tn the south are equal, if not
better, for every avocation that prom
ise* a living. It’* true there is not the
gift of a quarter section of land, but men
in every line of business are in demand,
and hunrdeds of thousands of dollars are
ready to be paid in return for common
labor or technical skill. Positions are
more numerous than the men to IFFI them.
Factories and mills are being started
where nothing before but the bark of the
squirrel and the brack of the woodman’s
rifle were heard. "Truck gardens are yield
ing munificent return*, the climate is sal
ubrious. the soil fertile, mountains rich In
minerals beneath and forests of wealth
above and what more is needed as an in
ducement to the homeseeker?
Cheap Nitrogen.
Farm and Ranch.
For a long time farmers knew that clo
ver. cow p*as and other legumes enriched
the soil, but how. they did not know. It
was also known that in purchasing fertil
izers those containing potash and phos
phoric acM were cheap compared with
those containing nitrogen compounds. It
remained for science to bring out the fact
that the fertilising element contributed
by the leguminous crops was chiefly ni
trogen. and that by adopting a rotation
unbracing a leguminous crop once in two
or three year*, the farmer need not buy
nltro&n at all. but confine his purchases
to potassic and phosphoric manures.
Ther is an amusing side to this. also.
Farmers go right on planting clover and
cow peas, for the nitrogen they bear, as
THE SEMI-WEEKLY JOURNAL, ATLANTA, GEORGIA, THURSDAY. FEBRUARY 13, 1902/
well a* for the food and hay. and abufio
science for letting them into the secret.
Hot Bed.
Orchard and Garden.
Preparation for Winter Work.—The rad
ishes. lettuce and early tomatoes will
need to be started long before the frost
is out of the ground next spring, and soil
for the hot beds should be secured this
fall. A convenient way Is to pile the soil
in a large cone-shaped heap, firmed down
to avoid wasting by the rains or melt
ing snow: proteqt with litter or straw,
hold on with a few boards, to avoid too
much freezing, and then it will be access
ible at any time. Very satisfactory re
sults may be obtained in the hot bed with
lettuce, radishes and cucumbers for the
late winter market. The greenhouse,
while very desirable, is not a necessary
adjunct of the work, and simple directions
for successful work will be given in am
ple time for localities.
Remedies for English Sparrows.
Last year I was my ch annoyed by
English sparrows. Not only did they eat
more food than the fowls, but aligned
themselves on the fence at every meal
time waiting for the feast. As I am some
what averse to shooting them, I used
Jnly gentle means to prevent .their dep
edatlone, but they seemed to have found
a harboring place with me, and multiplied
until there were hundreds. They also
consumed grain and seeds from the
neighbors’ farms and .soiled the ground
under my trees. Finally, they took poss
ession of my porch. This nuisance has
continued for several year*. At last I
noticed that their numbers were dimin
ishing, and I endeavored to learn the
cause, being very much puzzled until I
saw a small hawk sitting near a tree
containing sparrows. At night a little
screech owl seemel also to have consider
able business n.ear my house.
Only the large hawks are destructive in
the poultry yard. In winter there are
no very small chicks on farms. Hawks
and owls destroy mice, and the owllcon
sumes night-flying moths, while both the
owl and hawk are partial to grasshop
ers, and all kinds of insects. While farm
ers are holding conventions to consider
how to destroy the sparrow they are also
keeping the hawk and owl at a distance
with the shotgun. The sparrow remains
near the dwellings, and the way to get
rid of them is to give his natural ene
mies the same rights and privileges. I
never shoot a hawk or owl, yet I have
never lost a chick by hawks. I keep my
fowls closed at night, hence the owl can
not get at them. Instead of shooting
these friends I am wen willing to share
a portion of my poultry with them if
they will continue the work of annihi
lating the sparrows, which consume more
of my produce and foods than the fowls.
■WHAT’S THE TROUBLE
WITH THE FARMER
To the Editor of The Journal:
CAMILLA, Ga., Feb. 11.—One of Camil
la's citizens who moved from a more
northern county this winter, said the other
day: "Why. Mitchell county Is the fattest
county in Georgia. Here the people are
all farmers, and corn, oats, cows, hogs,
syrup and potatoes seem to be abundant.
These things are not lacking, but the
truth is. the farmers have very little
money now.
The explanation of It is a short cotton
crop and a very moderate price, but chief
ly because the last cotton crop cost just
about two prices to make it. The cold
spring and extremely wet summer put
the cotton crop down this way in a des
perate condition, and it cost an immense
amount of labor to pull through. .
The present outlook is that there will
be tn this latitude some reduction of the
acreage of cotton, and more and more at
tention will be paid to hay, hogs and
hominy. Mowing machines are getting to
be more common, and prudent farmers
will diversify. This is a melon county,
but heavy freights and -rushing • green
melons to market killed this business
years ago.
But the sad truth is that many farmers,
perhaps the majority, find themselves in
no condition to raise anything for sale
except cotton. Some have the necessary
capital and the enterprise and judgment
to use It in diversified farming. Few are
able to go into the stock or any new busi
ness. Many are renters. It takes nothing
but a piece of land and a mule or an ox
to go into the cotton business. Some mer
chant will take a mortgage and furnish
the rest. This whole cotton country 1*
covered with people who are going to
raise cotton even if it goes down to 3
cents. The large landholders mostly farm
on shares when they do not rent, and it
has been found futile to undertake any
thing with much of the negro labor but
cotton, and here we are. Cotton will be
planted and enough of it worked, with
good seasons, to run down the price. We
have millions of negroes, aqd southern
farmers must face the fact that this
means millions upon millions of bales of
cotton. Very few of them have any en
terprise or ambition.
Then, we have to remember down here
that corn, if thrown on the market dur
ing the winter, rarely brings more than
30 or 40 cents. This is a sugar cane county,
but syrup, as it is usually brought to mar
ket In barrels, rarely brings more than 20
cents. Hogs are always cheap in this sec
tion. Oats rarely bring much ready money,
and the crop will be very short this year
on account of very thin stands and the
high price of seed.
Tlie writer is a veteran farmer himself,
and therefore doesn't know how to advise
other farmers. He doesn't know how to
advise but he ckn give informa
tion. We may as well begin the year face
to face with the fact that guano will be
bought and cotton planted. If we can af
ford to raise it for 6 or 7 cents, or less,
we may go ahead.
In conclusion, let me beg our city and
town friends to remember that somehow
cotton-growing is the easiest business in
the world. A fool or a drone can raise a
little, and as there are millions of fool*
and drones, look out for cotton. It is the
only business that allows the bulk of the
laborers, white and black, to go fishing
much, or to spend Saturday in town. The
greater part of the labor of .this section is
going to be absolutely idle during one
sixth of the time that the law of nature
has fixed for work.
Going to town on Saturday, is now a
Conspicuous habit of many of the country
white people, while it is a very big part
of the religion of nearly all the negroes.
This "knocking off” on Saturday and at
tending all-night, never-ending protracted
meetings throughout the summer are far
more sacredly observed by the negroe*
than the God-given law of six day# work
and one day of rest. Gotton is the only
thing that will tolerate in the least the
up-to-date folly and sin of defying na
ture’s law thundered from Sinai. Five
days' work will keep any people poor any
where. and when farming has to depend
upon this sort of labor for the most part,
it will be crippled farming. Poor people
and crippled farmers will plant cotton
whether there is any profit in it or not.
It will somehow furnish the scanty living
that satisfies this large Saturday town
going population. Diversified farming re
quires close attention and prompt, ener
getic work. These diversified farmers lip
this section are making money somehow,
and will continue to make it. But the
question is. how many diversified farms
are we going to have under present con
ditions? I
J. L. UNDERWOOD.
STRIKECLOubTOOMS~
OVER NORTHERN PACIFIC
MISSOULA, Mont., Feb. 11-The Switch
men's strike, which was inaugurated here
yesterday afternoon in the yards of the
Northern Pacific railway has assumed a
grave aspect and a strike along the en
tire system is probable.
The cause of the trouble was the dis
charging of two men who refused to
work with a road engine without side bar
attachment. The switchmen declare they
are violating a state law in complying
with the ordeFof the railway company.
SUGGESTIONS FROM
OUR CORRESPONDENTS
AN EXAMPLE OF MODERN
FARMING IN GEORGIA
In traveling through Talbot, Marion,
Chattahoochee and Muscogee counties. I
observe that the farmers are taking re
newed interest in starting for another
year's crop. All along we see field after
field already being plowed for ,the corn
and cotton crops, the old hedges cleared
away for the plow, terraces and fences
in order—all of which indicates that the
farmers are putting forth every energy
to make a big crop this year. It is the
disposition generally to curtail the guano
supply for this crop. They are diminishing
the acreage to the plow by working the
best lands and turning the poorer laftds
out to recuperate. This is caused from
the scarcity of labor on the farm and the
high price of provisions. Not only do we
note thrift and energy of the farmer, but
their manufacturing enterprises a* well.
Speaking of farming, if every farmer in
Georgia, or the south Mr that .matter,
could but visit the model farm of Mr. E.
D. Persons, of this place, they would view
it with wonder and amazement. Here wd
find a man, though afflicted with rheu
matism,up to his eyes in energy and thrift
with prosperity abounding. He believes in
living at home in the true sense of the
word—making his own corn, wheat, oats,
meat, lard and syrup, besides a surplus
to,sell. In talking with him concerning his
success in farming he said:
"In the first place I give my wife equal
credit for what success we have attained,
if success you may call it. You see her
chickens out there on that rye patch; they
bring in a nice revenue with but little
cost. Here in the barn you will find her
cows—that red Guernsey standing over
there eating peas and oats will give five
gallons of milk. My wife would not take
>IOO for her. That cow yields us that much
profit in one year. Come here to my hog
lot and see my hogs. I killed mpre than
I shall use and have some for sale.
I never raise x more hogs than
I can take the x best of care. These hogs
ought to net me 250 to 300 pounds per head.
I find the Berkshire with the big
Guinea are the best kind of hogs. I keep
good mules and the best of farm im®e
ments. I am systematic in my business.
As soon as one crop is gathered I com
mence for another. When I harvest my
grain I put the land to peas and potatoes,
making two crops in the year on the land.
In the fall as soon as I finish gather
ing the crop* and putting in my grain
I. begin to prepare for another year’s
crop in the way of getting the land
ready for the plow. If I can I break my
land in the fall of the year. I am a firm
believer in subsoiling. I pitclumy crop so
that I may raise enough for home con
sumption in case of a short crop and plant
cotton as a surplus crop. I try to work
land that will pay. People work too much
poor land that does not pay for the cul
tivation. I use as little commercial fer
tilizer as possible. Close attention to busi
ness and a deversified crop will keep the
wolf frorj the door. I believe I have out
lined my mode of farming and if at any
time your appetite calls ft>r one of the
'old ante-bellum' meals, come and spend
the day and I will guarantee my good
wife and daughters will give you a meal
that you don't find at every crossroads.
After bidding Mr. Persons goodbye with
a promise to accept his hospitality in the
future I asked myself this question: If
one man. by this method, can make a
success of farming. Why not every farmer.
It is deplorable to ride through the coun
try and see people working land that will
not yield enough to pay for the fertilizer
they put on it. Stop the expense of labor
and fertilizer to work poor land, put your
time and energy on the best land, diversi
fy your crops, make enough of hog and
hominy and let your cotton be a surplus
crop and see if you do not profit by it.
G. R. EDGE.
Geneva, Ga.
UNSKILLED NEGROES USURP
PLACES OF WHITE MECHANICS
Editor Journal:
That there are too many negroes in al
most every city and town In the south, and
too few on the farms, is A fact that is pat
ent to all observing men.
Some are idle because they have noth
ing to do and wouldn’t work if they had,
except by order of “Jedge Bryles.*’ But
a large number of them pose as mechan
ics. A mortar maker turns out plasterer,
or mason; the porter or driver for a paint
store loses hl* job and turns painter; and
one who can make a big racket with a
hammer but cannot read the inches on a
square is a “kyarpenter,”
A northern gentleman recently said: "I
have had fifteen or twenty pick and shov
el hands imposed on me as mechanics, and
you see (pointing to the work) what sort
of job it is.”
Contractors and landlords frequently say
that they have cheap jobs to be done, and
cannot afford to pay good wages. Nine
otlt of ten who talk that way, will em
ploy negroes, and although they get them
for less wages, the extra time consumed
and material spoiled will cost more than
If a mechanic, who knows his trade, had
been employed; and the owner gets a
"cheap job’’ at a high price. A case of
thfs kind came under my observation not
'lortg ago.
A negro was putting up some lattice,
and he was “jes ’bleeged to have help”—
and it took hjm only a half a day to find
a man. Then the two carpenters (?) were
a day and a half latticing a space 6 by 8
feet and hanging the door. *
A good carpenter would have done the
work in better style in rs hait day, and it
would post only one-third as much as the
negroes charged.
The white man who gives hfs work to in
competent. irresponsible negroes, and,ex
pects white people to patronize him, must
have a lot of gall. •
The negroes say they "move to town to
educate their children.” Educate them
for what? To regard work of any kind
as degrading and only to be done by
"slavery time niggers.” There are only
a few educated negroes at work at any of
the trades. The male portion of them
are preachers, butlers, porters, idlers or
forgers; and the females are teachers,
nurses, seamstresses or "ladles” (?).
There are very few draymen, truckmen,
mechanics, washer women, cooks and
chambermaids among the educated ne
groes.
There are too many idle white mechan
ics—men who have spent years learning
their trades—in this city, because the
work is given to negroes.
There is a remedy for this, and only one
remedy, and that is to let the negro go
back to the country and do that work
for which he is capacitated. Do you ask
how that can be done? It is easy enough.
Let none but responsible men have con
tracts, bind them to employ none but
skilled mechanics and wee that vagrant
law is rigidly enforced. That will
the self-styled mechanics to “n>vv« on."
White men, who have spent their best
day* learning a trade and building a rep
utation, out of work, with rent, grocery
and coal bits accumulating, their childreq
out pf school for want of books or cloth
ing, may not say much, but they "do a
lot of thinking” when they see incompe
tent, cheap negroes employed.
Negroes in the northern states are not
Sell Fruit Trees.
We want energetic men all over the
southern state* to sell Nursery Stock. Our
terms are liberal and our prices low. Our
stock is fine and will please the salesman
and the planter. No trouble to sell our
trees. Write for terms. SMITH BROS.,
Proprietor* Concord Nurseries, Concord,
Ga.
employed as mechanics, and it is only the
forbearance of the whites that permit it
here. When patience cease* to be a vir
tue, and the white men resolve to have
no more of it. and tell landlord*, agents,
merchants and professional men that if
they continue to employ cheap negroes
instead of white mechanics, then they
must expect to have negro tenants, negro,
patients and negro clients. •
The only blame that attaches to the ne
gro is for passing himself oft as a me
chanic when he has no knowledge of me
chanic*. There is no mechanic genius
among the pure blooded negroes. It is
the "mixed negroes”—mulattoes and quad
roons—and that is attributable to the
white blood In their veins.
There are some very intelligent negroes
who know their business and attend to it
in such manner as to command the respect
of white- peop.e. and show by their ac
tion* that they do not countenance crime
■nor criminals, but they are in the minor-
It 1* a well known fact that “Idleness
breeds vice” and that the congestion of
that class is sure to be followed by an in
crease of theft, drunkenness and assault '
Therefore it will be better for them and
the community, for them to scatter out in
the country and become producers in
stead of consumers. It will be better for
emplovers. because they will get better
work at less cost, and will have the pleas
ure of dealing with more Intelligent, trust
worthy mechanic*,
A. WORKER.
Atlanta, Jan. 29, 1902.
SOMETHING COMMONER
THAN THE COMMON SCHOOLS
The Rev. Sam Jones in The Jotirhal of
February Ist states that thei-o 1* noth
ing commoner than the common schools,
and' then preaches in one of his usual ful
minations against these much abused in
stitutions. There are at .least two things
commoner, by which we mean more usual,
namely, the opposition that is always met
by any great movement which ha* for its
purpose the elevation of the people, and in
particular the chronic case of tndiscrimi
nate criticism with which the distinguish
ed writer is so grievously afflicted.
We might safely conclude that any pre
tended great idea unfolding itself for the
blessing of man that did not meet bitter
antagonism was essAitially a sham and a
delusion. From a consideration of this
truth the friends of popular education,
when they read the bitter attacks of
Brother .Jones and Mrs. Felton, instead
of growing fearful, should place new and
implicit confidence in the correctness of
their opinions and the reasonableness of
their hopes. A cause may be judged by its
enemies as well as’by its friends, and, if
it be a new one, should congratulate itself
on having the former as well as the latter.
These enemies serve the cause they would
destroy by providing obstacles in the over
coming of which the growing force may
gain added strength, and this in spite of
the evil motive of the enemies. The cause
of free popular education in Georgia is
no frail, conservatory exotic, but a sturdy,
if young, forest oak which shalF but gain
toyghness from every malicious wind.
Let us repeat that there is certainly one
thing in Georgia commoner than the com
mon schools,namely, the unceasing but al
ways interesting and amusing pugnacity
of the Rev. Sam Jones who has, »n the
course of his pdlemics, attacked every
thing from the visible church of Christ
in the world down to the liquor traffic.
The public school, being between these
two, of, course come* in. for Its share.
Brother Jones has, like the boy in the
fable, yelled “Wolf, wolf!” so often
that at last none credit his cries of
alarm: or, to vary the comparison to
suit the ‘tJonesesque” literary style, he is
like an unreliable bird dog who “comes
to a 'dead' point” on everything from
English sparrows to wild'turkeys.
It is not necessary to devote many words
to- his serious objections to free educa
tion. The fact that rotten potatoes cor
rupt good ones does not prove that the
morality good in this world are not by
coming in actual touch with them, to
save and change the morally bad. An
analogy is not an argument. Shall the
salt save the meat unless it touch it? Or
will Brother Jones expound the text,
"Be not overcome of evil, but overcome
evil with good.” Pharisaism is always
either antagonistic ot indifferent to thS
elevation of those who, most of all, need
the help that the beneficiaries superior en
vironment and heredity alone can give.
Finally, Brother Jones, there are many
who regret that so trenchant a blade as
yours should be drawn in so hopeless a
cause as is that of antagonism to the
great and growing public school system
of Georgia. Our schools need more money
and that is all they need, and as God shall
prosper our people they will be given that.
In the meantime we, the friends of free
education, appreciate the "good haters”
we have and the open, honest war they
are waging, but we are assured, as per
haps they are too, of their ultimate. Ir
remediable defeat.
REMBERT G. SMITH,
Monticello, Ga., Feb. 3rd, 1902.
CHICAGODENIOCRACY -
STARTLES CHARLOTTE
CHARLOTTE, N. C., Feb. 10.-The
Cook County Democracy spent last night
in the city, and left at 3:30 this morning
en route to Charleston. They reached the
city from Danville, Va.. about 7:30 o’clock,
and were met at the station by a number
of citzens and a committee from the Elks
who took them in charge and gave them
as hearty a welcome a* the circumstances
would permit. It had been first Intended
that an- official welcome would be ten
dered the party, but the city administra
tion refused to countenance anything of
the kind when it became known that the
visitors would be here on Sunday.
A New York paper a few days ago an
nounced that the Cook county Democra
cy would embody the thirstiest crowd
which ever started out on a pleasure trip,
and probably with this in view, and know
ing the tightly closed condition of things
in Charlotte on Sunday, a number of citi
zens, it is said, took time by the forelock,
and so stocked with the idea that no re
freshments could be secured in the Queen
City.
The citzens of this rock-ribbed Presby
terian town were somewhat shocked to
see the procession march up street from
the station in the glare of red fire and to
the strains of stirring music, just as they
turned out to church. Not since the Char
lotte volunteers were mustered out after
their service in Cuba after the Spanish-
American war has the "peace and quiet”
of the Sabbath been disturbed as it was
last night, but the people interposed no
objection, and were much Interested in
their visitors, and their turning a Char
lotte Sunday into a typical continental
Sabbath for a short time.
MEN ARE"MANGiLED 7
BY TONS OF STONE
BUTTE. Mont.. Feb. 10.—In a cave In
the diamond mine, one of the Amalgama
ted properties, Jerry J. Conroy and Rlch
atrd Williams were crushed to death.
An immense mass of rock weighing over
75 tons fell upon the men burying them
completely.
When recovered the bodies of both
jere badly mangled.
Henry Lumley, the well known London auc
tioneer. who died recently, was a man of varied
tastes and considerable attainments. In spite
ot the cares of a larxe business he found time
to dabble in literature and produced several
clever stories besides a novel or two. He plan
ned the water supply of Jerusalem an<r Invent
ed ft new kind of ship's rudder, which Is con
structed on the principle of a fish's tail, hav
ing a' curltng-up movement simultaneously
! with the movement from side to side.
VIRGINIA-CAROLINA
CHEMICAL COMPANY,
ATLANTA, GA. RICHMOND, VA. CHARLESTON, S. C.
/.-’a < iV
Largest Manufacturers of ,
.FERTILIZERS
IN THE SOUTH.
Importers of ♦
PURE GERMAN KAINIT, MURIATE OF POTASH,
NITRATE OF SODA, SULPHATE OF POTASH.
In buying fertilizers it is important, not only to secure goods of estab
lished reputation and high grade, but to buy where •. •
YOUR WANTS OF EVERY DESCRIPTION CAN BE SUPPLIED.
We are in position, with our unparalleled facilities and our many plants
located all over the territory, to furnish all classes of goods and in such
quantities as buyers desire. When you buy of ua, with our immense
capacity, you know you can get the goods, and all you want of them.
See our nearest agent to you, or write us direct.
Address VIRGINIA-CAROLINA CHEMICAL CO., '
• ATLANTA, GA.
for the Vltfll*la-Ca»ellna Almanac. Free tor the nkinj.
IN THE OTHER DAKOTA.
BY JOHN TEMPLE GRAVES. ’
FARGO, ifc. D., Feb. 8, 1902.—Why should
any sane man of free estate and within
the favor of the law deliberately choose
to live in this far country?
A hundred times I have asked myself
this question, as my eyes have measured
the horizon that bounded these western
plains, and I ask it again today as I sit
in this semi-arctic city and scan the fro
zen fields glittering with snow and whist
ling with the razor-wind that seems
whetted for the marrow of every human
form that braves it.
Standing one day in a Chicago club
window and - looking down upon the
countless thousands that throng the
streets of the great western metropolis,
a gentleman asked me what reflection
the crowded thoroughfares created in
my mind. /
“This,” I answered promptly from my
uppermost thought; “Where do all these
people come from, and how on earth can
they look cheerful so far away from
Atlanta?” '
Thb remark was not intended to be
facetioffA I spoke seriously from a local
standpoint, and with the homing instjnet
strong-within me.
I have never been ■ able to comprehend
the pioneer spirit. I travel 38.000 miles
every year, for these ten years past and
the more I travel the more I yearn for
home. The farther I go and the more
see of this big varied world the more
fixedly do my preferences and affections
cluster around that suburban Atlanta
which I call homq and which seems to
me moro and more the prototype of that
better heaven to which our weary foot
steps press through mortal weariness to
peace and eternal rest.
There is no such thing as the "travel
habit" with me. "The desire to go" is
something which I never have and never
shall acquire. And ail through these
summer day* I sit there in College Park
looking at the New York and New Or
leans flyers, flashing and thundering
north and east and soutjifand cross my
legs complacently and wish them well
and thank God I am not on them as they
"go.”
I suppose it Is a wise and beneficent
provision of the Almighty that we love
best and cherish always the climate and
country in which we were reared. No
man, mountain-born, ever yet learned to
love the plains as he loved the shadow of
the everlasting, hills. And perhaps it is
equally true that one whose life began'
upon these expansive plains with the
horizon holding the sunset unbroken by
hill or tree, njlght feel suffocated and
cramped within the depths of the Pied
mont region which seems to us God's
own peculiar country.
“I reckon it is all in the raisin’, after
all.”
One day a genial old gentleman, mellow
and sweet and rich, called to see me at)
qny hotel in a Vermont town under the
shadow .of the White mountains. The
snow was a foot deep, the mercury was
15 degrees below zero, and he came, a
mass of furs, muffled to his ears in the
skins of the slaughtered animals of his
frigid home,
I ventured to ask him why, at his time
of life and with his ample means, he con
tinued to brave the rigors of his northern
winters, when he might, at will, board a
sleeper arid roll, without change, to the
sunny Florida, where for nine days out
of ten he could sit unmuffled in the balmy
air and bask in genial - warmth and Inhale
the fragraqce of flowers and take age
softly and easily In the land of sunshine.
And he answered me as I answered the
club man of Chicago.
"My son.” Said he (you see I am yet a
young man), “if I should go to Florida I
should sigh for these white snows and
these northern winters even as you are
sighing now for your southern violets.”
And so It goes. The vast and divine In
telligence that planped and evolved the
world has builded for us better than we
could have builded for ourselves. For If
all men thought as I do, these vast and
prolific plains, growing imperial in their
riches, filling the granaries of the repub
lic with food and enriching the life of the
republic with splendid men, might have
been left to the red wolf ahd the whistling
wind.
The world has never lacked for pioneers.
And they have flocked and are flocking
yet to these northwestern states in thous
ands—brave, hardy, resolute and strenu
ous—a noble and splendid race of men, to
whom the republic will one day acknowl
edge the debt of an industrial empire
plucked from the blizzaras and the ice.
and indispensable to the glory* and the
prosperity of the union.
North Dakota has only 350,000 people—a
hundred thousand less than its southern
sister of the same name.
But it Is growing with astonishing vigor
and rapidity. Fargo is the metropolis of
the state. It is a really beautiful city of
12,000 people, built up with stately struct
ures and pulsing with life and hope and
progress—just such a city as Atlanta was
four years after the civil war. made up of
people from everywhere, linked in the im
pulse of growth, and bound in the tie of
pioneers making a civilization for them
selves and for their children. Fargo is
about 300 miles north of St. Paul, and
generally about 10 degrees colder than the
saintly city of the Mlnnesotas.
Grand Falls, the second city of the state,
is about 100 miles further north, and has
about 7,500 stirring, eager people, and has
two as fine hotels as one could expect to
see west of Chicago. The eastern half of
the state has been the most progressive
and is the most prosperous and populous,
but as the demands for land grow more
eager the drift is steadily westward, and
the time will yet come when Bismarck,
the capital, will be in the center of the
state.
The region lying in the triangle be
tween tlismarck. Fargo and Grand Falls
is the birthplace and germinating center
of the blizzard which play periodical but
transient visits to the rest of the coun
try. The blizzards are sectional and ig
nore the south which is not disposed to
resent the snub. But the people are na
tional and generous and as broad as the
sweep of these prairies. It actually made
the themometer rise at Grand Falls in
the warmth and heartiness of the ap
plause with which they greeted the im
mortal name of Robert E. Lee and when
General Gordon follows me there next
weJk he will receive a welcome that will
warm the cockles of the dear old he
ro's heart.
The thermometer was a trifle shy of
34 degrees below zero at Grand Forks
this morning, but the people insist upon
going About their business with unbrok
en regularity and speak of it a* “A nice
sharp day.”
The climate is unquestionably provo
cative of the "strenuous life.” These
people are obliged to live it. If they
didn’t they would freeze to death. Theo
dore Roosevelt formed his shibboleth and
his habits in this nipping air. A man can
work all day here without fatigue, for
the atmosphere, when it is still, is like
champagne, sparkling and inspiring, and
like acid when astir, eating and piercing
and keen. God sets the climate to the
necessities of the soil. No lax or lag
gard hand could pluck these acres from
the wind and cold, and the atmosphere,
which is the providence of God, quickens
the pulse and hardens the muscle to he
roic effort.
There can be no finer and loftier tribute
to the spirit of the south than the record
and miracle of it's induatrtal recupera
tion. The genial suns and softer air of
our country do not quicken men there,
as it does here with the material impulse
of endeavor.
But the God who made u* breathed in
to us that something better and higher
than physical impulse—that thing which
dominates isle flesh and all material
things—the high, fine and deathless spir
it of aspiration and ambition, which
rides triumphant bver languid pulses, de
fiA# the tempting suggestion at
air and. conquers in the power of an in
ner atmosphere of purpose as high, fins
and inspiring as the freshest breeze that
ever blew from the ozons of ths northern
snows.
And so the southern fire matches every
where the northern ioe, and if the one
solidifies the mind and muscles to effec
tive strife, the other melts all opposition
in its consuming flame.
And when fire and ice move from their
separate spheres to operate in harmony
upon material or on finer things, reason
and enthusiasm are linked in a union
beneficent and irresistible forever.
I am tired of the long winter and of this
unbroken cold. The brace of the north
west has already perished in my spirit,
and I turn with almost querulous reac
tion to the softer zone In which my treas-.
ures He.
The pther night in the union depot in
3t. Faul. as I boarded the train for North
Dakota, I shook hand.s in parting with A
acquaintance leaving on a Bur
lington sleeper with a through ticket for
Thrimasvllle, Ga. There came to me
well known picture of tho«e two full
rigged ships heading in opposite direr-'
tlon*. and the suggestive lines beneath
them. Under the one:
"This brave ship goes
From lands of sun
To lands of snows.”
And under the other: 1 . ..
"This happier one
Its course is run •
From land* of snow
To land* of «un.”
And as I set my foot on board, with
sails all posted and set toward the north
ern star, my longing heart went swiftly
with the fluttering sail that bore toward
the “South wind breathing over violet*.”
BLOOD,FLOWS FREELY .
FROM FIGHT IN CHURCH
CHICAGO. Feb. M.-Rival factions of
the Greek Orthodox chupch had a fierce
fight during a meeting, and when the trotlj
ble was over one policeman was among
the list of injured, while several Greek*
suffered with bruised head*.
When the trouble began three police
men attempted to stop it, but the officers
were pushed aside and nearly 300 men
were fighting. One policeman was struck
by a chair and knocked downstair*.
A riot call was turned In, and on th*
appearance of a large body of policemen
the rioters were panic stricken and jump
ed out of windows and down ftairway*.
Tl\e police charged into the crowd and
after several minutes of fighting succeed
ed in restoring order.
Fl FRTRIC h wacon
of. tagger spokes and wide tires. WWete »W height
from M to to la. It lasts because tires can’t get loose, no
resetting. hubs can’t crack or spokes become loose, tel.
loet can’t rot, swell or dry out. AntfTe steel hounds.
STAR PEA HULLER SI 3
10 to 15 bushels per hour. Write for circulars
and prices to the Star Pea Machine Co.,Chatta
nooga, Tenn.
EXECUTOR’S SALE.
Dispersal of the Huxley Farms herd of about
60 hedd of Registered Jersey cattle, horses,
mules, wagons and' farming implements, the
property of Mr. Wtn. D. Grant, deceased; at
auction to. the highest bidder for eash. at
Brady-Miller Stables. Marietta street. Thurs
day. February 20, 1902. at 10 o'clock a. m.
Catalogues mailed on application to John W.
Grant, 7°9 Prudential Building, Atlanta, CMI,
or Captain A. S. Reid, Eatonton, Ga.
5