Newspaper Page Text
Talks With. Farmers
Conducted By C. H. Jordan
Subscribers are requested to ad- ♦
dress all Inquiries for information +
on subjects relating to the farm. ♦
field, garden and poultry to the ♦
Agricultural Editor. All Inquiries 4
will receive prompt and careful at- ♦
tention. No inquiries answered by ♦
mail. Please address Harvle Jordan. ♦
Agricultural Editor, Monticello. Ga. +
♦
WI 1 1 1118 II l« »♦! II »
PRODUCTION OF PORK.
the census of 19t® as compared with
at of 1890 shows that during the past ten
ars the percentage of increase in the
odyction of pork, by Georgia farmers,
as greater than in any other state in the
lion. This should be particularly grat
ing to Georgia farmers, which clearly
oves that our people are gradually
eaning themselves from western pack
g houses and filling smoke houses on
sir’ own premises with home raised
eat. In my travels about over this and
her states. I meet large numbers of
rmers who assert that they are now
ilsing their bread and meat at home,
id never have any to buy. It Is now gen
wily conceded that the grain and green
rage acreage tn the south will be large
■ Increased this year, because farmers
alise that, at present prices of pork and
itton. it will require about 2 pounds of
le latter to pay for one pound of the
nner next fall. The cotton producer
lanot make both ends meet when the
Ice of his supplies so high and the sell
g price of- his money products so low.
he very necessity of the situation is
ircing southern farmers to a change
, their system of agriculture. This re
irm will be in the direc-on of a more
Mtided system of diversified farming,
hich will result in making our farms
meraily self sustaining
Importance of Raising Hogs.
There are annually consumed tn the
tuth more pounds of pork than,all other
eats combined. In a large number of
>untry homes the use of beef and mutton
rare, except during the winter months
I Intervals, and pork is about the only
eat eaten by the negro farm population,
wenty years ago statistics show that 90
sr cent of the pork used in the south was
kipped from western packing houses,
kit taeat has become as staple an article
t supply stores as sugar and coffee. How
rer, as already stated, we have made
ipid progress in the production of pork
i the south since that time which has
uised a corresponding decrease in the
lipment of western meat into our terri
>ry. Independent of the average cotton
roducer who is now raising pork for his
nmediate family consumption, there are
umbers of farmers who have gone regu
irly into the business of raising hogs for
tarket. and during this winter a larger
umber of carloads of fat porkers were
lipped from different points in Georgia
nd other southern states to southern
acking houses. The industry, together
ith that of raising beef cattie. is begin
ing now to attract such general attention
tat one of the largest of the western
acking houses is making arrangements
» erect a large plant at Atlanta for the
urpoae of handling these live stock pro
nets from the southern farms. Within
nother decade of two. it would be no ex
ravagant prophecy to make mention at
his time that southern pork and cat
le will dot only take the place of such
roducts from the west in the south, but
te European nations will be partially sup
iied as well. The hog has been called the
mortgage lifter” in the great corn belt
f the west, and he is destined to perform
he same function to quite an extensive
xtent in the south. The absence of the
og on the southern farms has created the
lortgage on the cotton _ crop, and his
resence here will assuredly cancel the
kortgage.
Conditions Required.
The south in climate and natural re
curves furnishes a more inviting field
or the successful production of pork than
ny other section in the union. This state
lent is the general verdict arrived at by
II investigators on the subject and by
ractical experience in hograising in the
iff err nt sections. There are a few gen
ral rules, however, which farmers should
kke into consideration when they under
ake to raise pork on an extensive scale,
'here should always be an abundant sup
ly of good pure water in the pasture, or
rhere the hogs can reach it while feed
ig tn the field, or when confined in the
»t. Shallow, stagnant ponds are very
indesirable and quite likely to develop
atal contagious diseases. The general
asturage should be in a field or woodland
rhere the land is sufficiently rolling for
ood drainage after heavy rains. Shade
reee in summer will keep hogs cool with
ut the necessity for providing muddy
rallows for them. Hogs are naturally
lealthy animals and if the quarters are
tept clean and lime sprinkled about the
ot and fence corners during spring and
ummer there need be no fear of dls
aacs. In the fall. rye. barley and clover
Mktches can be sown for late winter and
iar!y spring grazing. When danger of
'rost has passed, patches of sorghum
leanuts and cowpeas could be planted
ind as these small fields, each fenced
ipart are ready for the hogs they could
te turned Into them at different inter
als through the late spring, summer and
arly faU. A field of chufas or artichokes
rill furnish good food tn winter. t
The only necessity for corn would be
rhen the porkers are penned, simply for
gardening the lard and giving good flavor
o the meat. Mr. F. F. Putney, of Dough
rty county, and one of the most exten-
VIRGINIA-CAROLINA
CHEMICAL COMPANY,
ATLANTA. GA. RICHMOND, VA. CHARLESTON, S. C.
Largest Manufacturers of
FERTILIZERS
IN THE SOUTH.
Importer* of
PURE GERMAN KAINIT. MURIATE OF POTASH,
NITRATE OF SODA. SULPHATE OF POTASH.
In buying fertilizers it is important, not only to secure goods of estab
lished reputation and high grade, but to buy where
your wants of every description can be supplied.
We are in position, with our unparalleled facilities and our many plants
located all over the territory, to furnish all classes of goods and in such
quantities as buyers desire. When you buy of us, with our immense
capacity, you know you can get the goods, and all you want of them.
Soe our nearest agent to you, or write us direct.
Address VIRGINIA-CAROLINA CHEMICAL CO.,
ATLANTA, GA.
gy-Soad fer the Vlryinia-CzroliM Almanac. Free fat the atkl-g.
slve cotton producers in this state, told
me a few weeks ago that he expected to
begin the raising of hogs on a large scale,
and would fence off fields to be planted in
different crops so as to furnish continuous
food crops every month in the year,
which the hogs could gather for them
selves. That is the plan whether it be
done on a large or small scale. It is not
only expensive but it is not healthy for
hogs, to keep them in small lots and feed
almost entirely on corn. In tne matter of
breeds. .. is important to secure a hog that
will grow rapidly and one that will stand
our climate best. The black breeds are
best for the south, either Berkshire. Po
lond China or Essex. A pure blooded sire
crossed on good grade sows will produce
satisfactorily growth and meat. The
best breeds will not develop unless well
fed and carefully managed. Any farmer
who makes it hi* expresss business to de
vote proper attention to the production
of pork, can always easily produce en
ough for home consumption. It is bad
business for any farmer in the south to
buy western meat. He should have too
much self pride and state pride to permit
the public to see him going out of his mar
ket town with a lot of fresh or salt meat tn
his wagon. We hope this will soon be as
rare a sight as It was 60 years ago.
HARVIE JORDAN.
INQUIRY DEPARTMENT.
C. P. S.. Birmingham, Ga.:
After reading some interesting articles
in The Journal regarding fertilisers. I
write for Information. I have a dark, red
lard. What fertilizer is best adapted for
cctton and corn?
Answer: For the character of soil de
scribed a fertiliser for cotton should an
alyse as follows.
Phosphoric acid, available 9 per cent
Ammonia 3 “
Potash 3
If you cannot purchase a fertiliser con
taining the three elements of plant fool
as designated, then secure a guano which
will conform to those proportions as near
as possible.
The best balanced average fertiliser for
corn on red lands should be as follows:
Phosphoric acid, available 10 per cent
Ammonia .. 6 “
Potash 2 "
or a goods reaching the above proportions
as near as possible. You will note that
the analyses given will only be found iu
very high grade goods. If you cannot
buy them tn the open market it would be
best to buy the ingredients and mix at
home or get your nearest fertiliser fac
tory to make up the formula for you. The
best guano is the cheapest in the end. be
cause it contains a high percentage of
plant food, needed by the growing crop
to reach perfection and make rapid
grewth.
T. A.. Okapilca, Ga.:
I am a subscriber and constant reader
of the Semi-Wegkly Journal. I will thank
you to kindly answer me at an early date
as to where I can procure the seed of rape
and velvet beans. I want that variety of
rape suitable for pasturage for hogs, etc.
Please give me the mature and distance of
planting in drills.
Answer: Any land which will grow good
corn or potatoes will make rape, though it
does better in a strong, sandy loam.
Rape is a heavy feeder and requires
heavy fertilisation. Plant in drills and
cultivate the same as turnips, dropping
the seed so as to leave a stand of plants
from 3 to i inches apart on the row. '•
Write to Hastings Seed Co., Atlanta,
Ga.. or any other large seed storf with
which you are acquainted, and they can
supply you with rape and velvet bean
seed.
S. A. S_, Sanford. Ga.:
I am desirous of using some commercial
fertiliser on my grain crop and want your
advice in the matter through the columns
of The Semi-Weekly Journal. The grain
consists of wheat and oats, some being
up and some not yet up. Land was fer
tilized Just prior to sowing by applying IS
to 20 bushels of cotton seed and wa> a
stubble field. The fertilizer which I wish
to use is of two kinds and analyzes, first
kind: Phosphoric acid. 8 per cent; potash.
4 per cent. Second kind: Nitrogen. 2 per
cent: potash. 2 per cent; phosphoric acid.
10 per oent. I prefer to use the 8 and 4
fertilizer, if it is suitable.
Any advice you may give me will be
very much appreciated.
Answer: Os the two fertilizers given,
that analyzing 10 phosphoric acid. 2 pot
ash and 2 ammonia would give you best
results as • top dressing, unless your land
is already rich in nitrogen. Ordinariiy
the best top dressing at this period of the
year would be 300 pounds cotton seed meal
per acre or 100 pounds nitrate of soda.
However you should get fairly good re
sults from the more complete formula
named in your letter.
G. A. J.. Maxeys, Ga.:
Please give me through The Journal a
remedy for worms in quinces. I have
some very fine bushes and they fruit well,
but the fruit is full of worms and are
useless for any purpose. Please give me
a remedy if you can.
Answer: The quince is subject* to a
blight which if not checked will seriously
affect the fruit. As an Insecticide for that
trouble, there is nothirft better than the
Bordeaux mixture. Spraying should be
gin when the leaves are about half grown
and continued at intervals of every ten
or twelve days until the fruit has reached
the size of marbles.
T. A. E. D.. Amboy, Ga.
I am a constant reader of the Journal
THE SEMI-WEEKLY JOURNAL, ATLANTA, GEORGIA, THURSDAY, MARCH 6, 1902.
and think it one of Hhe grandest papers
of the south. I have followed railroading
and public work nearly all my life. But
have decided to farm some, and would
like some information. I will not get in
but about three acres of land this year;
have a about one and one-half acres
more broke up. I want to plant corn,
and what I want to know is. how to make
50 bushels of corn to the acre or to make
the most this year? How to cultivate it?
What kind of fertilizers to use? How
wide to put the rows? How far apart In
the drill? The land Is a little slanting
and a little low. Something of a gray soil.
I will have commercial fertilisers. Let
me hear from you In the next isiue of the
Journal.
. Answer: If it is your wish to grow’ 50
bushels of corn per acre, you must make
up your mind to give the land extra pre
paration. fertilization and culture. Your
land to begin with must be naturally fer
tile above the average. Break your land
from 8 to 12 inches deep either with disc
plow or long subsollers. *
After breaking run a good harrow over
the ground to pulverize all clods and re
duce the surface to a smooth fine tilth.
Mix together for each acre 400 pounds cot
ton seed meal, 300 pounds phosphoric acid
and 200 pounds of kainit. Lay off your
rows 4 feet apart with a good 4 Inch
Phinxy scooter attached to a fertilizer
distributor, putting in the fertilisers at
the same time with the machine. Drop
the corn 4 feet apart in the drills and af
ter you get a stand, thin the stalks down
to one in a hill. After the first rain, plow
the corn and middles out with a 7-tooth
harrow and every ten days thereafter
plow with scooter and scrape or sweep
until after the coqn silks and taßßelß -
Rapid cultivation with light plows after
the crop is up is the plan . Do your deep
plowing before planting.
Secure for planting seed a variety of
small cob prolific corn which will average
two good ears to the stalk under favora
ble climatic conditions on good land tha.
has been properly fertilised. By strictly
complying with these directions, if sea
sons are anyways favorable, you should
be able to harvest 50 bushels to the acre,
and I trust your expectations will be fully
realized.
Couth Georgian: ,
Please let me know through The Journal
if there is any profit in raising cantaloupes
for market.
How much fertilizer per acre and how
many crates can I make per acre? Please
give all the information possible.
Answer—There can be no doubt as to the
profit in cantaloupes to those who grow
them successfully, and are the first to get
into the markets. In the trucking business
It is the “early bird that gets the worm.
The writer is personally acquainted with
a melon and vegetable grower in Gaines
ville. Fla., who three years ago netted
DO.OOO clear profit on 30 acres planted in
Rocky Ford cantaloupes.
This was, however, an unusually large
profit. The average profit per acre where
th* business is properly looked after
should be about 8150 per acre. Mr. Benton,
an experienced melon grower sums up the
average yield, expenses and net profits
per acre as follows: “The yield per acre
varies from 50 to 300 crates per acre. A
conservative estimate would place the
yield at 160 crates per acre. The price
varies from sl-25 to 83.76 per crate. The
average price gross may be estimated at
$2 per crate; thus you see that after de
ducting 7 cents for each crate, hauling
from field to cars, freight and commission
93 cents each, we have 81 per crate for
rent of land, fertilizer, interest on invest
ment and labor, average estimate of $35
per acre. Thus 160 crates per acre at $2 per
crate S3OO, less SIOO for freight, commis
sion, etc., less s£.’> labor, etc. We have
$165 net.
Add to this $lO for hay. and we have a
total net profit of $175 per acre. I think
the above a fairly conservative estimate,
though as already stated, some growers
net much larger profits.
Break the land deep and harrow down to
fine tilth. Lay off the furrows six feet
apart, drill in the fertflizer and check
across at right angles light furrows four
feet apart. Plant in the checks. A fertll
, izer analyzing 8 per cent phosphoric acid,
4 per cent ammonia and 7 per cent potash
should be used, drilling in 400 pounds per
acre. Plant in South Georgia about
March 20th, and the crop if worked rap
idly should be ready for shipment by 10th
or 15th of June. Scatter five to six seed
in each hill In a circle not more than one
Inch deep and pack the soil firmly down
by hand or foot. Thin out to three vig
orous plants to each hill. Keep the soil
well pulverized and free from weeds by
constant shallow cultivation.
Plant the Georgia Rocky Ford canta
loupe seed. Prepare the land well, give
careful attention to details. Take pains
taking care In gathering and creating.
Investigate the financial standing of the
commission merchants to whom shipments
are made. If the business is given close
attention there is good money in it for
the grower. A great deal more clear
money in it than in cotton at prices which
we now have to accept. >
NO. 13 IS A HOODOO TO
RAILWAY MAIL CLERKS
Again the number 13 bobs up as a fatal
number. During the past year four
clerks in the railway mall service, fourth
division, have met their death in wrecks,
and in every instance the sum of the fig
ures making up the number of their com
mission in the service makes a total of 13.
Leo G. Murray, of Atlanta, was killed
on February 27 between Atlanta and Co-
Iflmbus. The number of his commission
was 3.019, the figures of which added to
gether make 13. J. Aubrey Rice, of Jack
sonville. was killed between Savannah and
Jacksonville on February 3, 1902. His com
mission was No. 3,352. J. Court
ney was killed between Augusta and Co
lumbus on May 8. 1901. His commission
was No. 3.505. The fourth man killed was
C. E. Rose, of New Orleans, who met his
death on the Illinois Central between
Cairo.and New Orleans May 13, 1901. The
sum of the figures in the number of Rose s
commission was not only equal to 13 but he
was killed on the 13th day of the month.
His commission was No. 3,235.
The curious fact that the only four men
In the railway mail service of the fourth
division who had been killed during the
last year had commissions whose numbers
footed up to the fatal total 13 was acci
dentally discovered last Monday. It was
noticed that Murray s commission had
this superstitious feature connected With
it and immediately the numbers of the
commissions of the other three mail clerks
were looked up.
Since the curious coincidence was dis
covered there has been a general stam
pede among the mail clerks to have their
commissions numbered so that the un
lucky number will not represent the to
tal of the figures composing the number
of their commission.'
WOMAN SHOT BY MAN
WHO MAKES HIS ESCAPE
Eula Green, a negro girl, was shot Sat
urday night on Peters street at the corner
of Haynes. The ball entered the back of
her neck and she fell forward, striking her
forehead and inflicting a bad wound there.
A negro man who fired the shot made his
escape and the police have not yet caught
him.
The woman was taken to Grady hospital,
where her wounds were given medical at
tention. It Is thought she will recover.
The bullet ranged dowhward and the
wound is considered very serious. Her left
side is partially paralyzed from the shot.
BRAN CH’§ CE NU IN E
Rattlesnake Watermelon Seed!
Only pure strain in United States, carefully
selected, kept pure thirty years. No other va
riety planted on a plantation of 1.500 acres.
Pkt . 10 cents: 1 os.. 15c 2 oxs., 25c; 14 Tb.. 40c;
Mi lb.. 65c; 1 tt>.. $1.23 delivered. Remit register
ed letter or money order. Send for seed annual.
M. I. Branch, Berzella, CAnsseia Co., Georgia.
Will the Philippines Pay?
SENATOR A. O. BACON.
heprinted by Permission of the Saturday Evening Post.
Those who approve ths acquisition of
the Philippine Islands by the United States
as well as those who favor their perma
nent retention, are not agreed in the mo
tives and reasons assigned therefor. Some
there are who base their advocacy upon
the very high ground that, in wresting
these islands from the dominion of Spain,
we assumed a responslbulty, permanent
in duration, for the maintenance of order
ly government In the same, and with it
an obligation, mandatory and not to be
avoided, to lift these ten millions of Asiat
ics through educational processes, moral,
religious, industrial and political, to a
plane of civilization which shall approxi
mate at least that wnlch we have our
selves attained. Those of this mind rec
ognize that this responsibility and this
obligation must be met And discharged
without flinching—even though they In
volve, for several generations, If not for
an indefinite period, an annual expendi
ture of seventy-five or a hundred millions
of dollars by the United States. Those of
this heroically philanthropic view are not
appalled either by such consideration or
by that of the no less certain consequence
of the loss of the lives of many officers
and soldiers of the American army, to say
nothing of the sacrifices of the vast host
who will return year after year broken in
health, thereafter necessarily dependent
upon the public for support.
The large majority, however, base their
advocacy upon the less philanthropic and
more practical proposition that the pos
session of these Islands will pay in dollars
and cents. The suggestion is not without
reasonable foundation, that even those
who compose the minority first mentioned
are deceiving themselves in their concep
tion *bf their unselfish and philanthropic
impulses, and that, though perhaps not
fully recognized by themselves, they share
with others the anticipations of golden
gains, the hope of which Is so candidly
expressed by those of the majority.
A Glance at the Debit Side of the
Ledger.
It is a low plane upon which to base the
Judgment of the American people In re
gard to that which is really the weight
iest and most overshadowing question of
the day—whether the United States shall
be permanently committed to the policy
and the task of possessing and dominating
trans-Pacific colonies of many millions of
Asiatics in a vast and difficult territory.
And yet it Is difficult for One who weighs
the utterances of men in every-day inter
course. as well as much o* the outgivings
of the press, to rid himaelf of the convic
tion that the most potent factor in de
termining this most pregnant question is
the answer which shall be rendered to the
inquiry, “Will it pay?’’ If the final con
clusion in the public mind Is that the pos
session of these islands will pay, and that
their retention under our domination will
result in profitable money return, there Is
reason to apprehend that the political
ideals of the past hundred years will make
but slow progress in the effort to secure
the transfer of these islands to the do
minion of their own people. These politi
cal ideals will continue to be revered in
theory, but many eyes will be blind to
the fact that the preservation or practical
overthrow of these Ideals is involved in
the question.
It is a remark very frequently heard,
“We have got the islands and there is no
way in which we can honorably get rid
of them.” That remark is generally made
by the Inconsiderate or uninformed, or
by those who for other reasons are un
willing to give them up. Whenever In
the lapse of time It Is shown conclusively
that the continued possession of these
islands will not pay from a pecuniary
or business standpoint, but that, on the
contrary, for an indefinite period—a pe
riod the limit of which no man can fix
with any reasonable probability—their re
tention will, under the most favorable
conditions, entail annually a net loss of
many tens of millions of dollars, thus
adding every year a vast sum to the
more than $300,000,000 already lost by the'
United States on this account, there will
speedily be found away through which
the connection will be sundered without
dishonor to the American people. This
will have a most speedyi practical dem
onstration if such conclusion be reach
ed In a time of general business depres
sion and of stringency or panic in the
money market—a period the recurrence
of which in the not remote future our re
peated experiences in the past leaves us
title room to doubt.
What the Philippines Have Already
Coat.
Indeed a less weighty influence would
accomplish such a result, for It will be
recalled that, before the decision of the
“Insular Cases,” the statement was freely
made in dominant circles that, if the
supreme court should hold that no tariff
could be imposed upon the products of
the Philippine Islands when brought to
the United States, we would get rid of the
Archipelago. It was in the confidence
that such action would promptly follow
such a decision, as well as in the mainte
nance of what they believed to be the cor
rect constitutional construction, that ma
ny were most anxious that the supreme
court should so decide.
If the same care is exercised as that at
which is observed by men in the deter
mination and management of their pri
vate business, the people of the United
States should be able satisfactorily to
answer the inquiry, “Will the Philippines
pay?”
It is necessary to consider two sides
of an account in order to determine where
the balance shall be placed. There may be
a large income, but, if the expenditure
exceeds it, the balance must be on the
debt side.
By many it is confidently estimated that
we have already expended more than
$490,000,000 on account of the Philippine
Islands. There can be no doubt that the
expenditure nas exceeded $300,000,000.
What has been the full expenditure on
this account it is difficult to determine
with accuracy, but it is not difficult to
determine a minimum beyond which Jt
has certainly gone. If all the expendi
tures, both directly and Indirectly, due to
our connection with the Philippines—in
cluding in this way all the expenditures
which wohld not have been made If we
had not this connection—could be accu
rately ascertained the amount would far
exceed that which appears as directly
chargeable to that account.
For instance, it would appear at first
glance that only the expenditures on ac
count of the army actually in the Philip
pines should be charged against that ac
count. But the fact is that the same sol
diers cannot be kept all the time In that
climate, and, in consequence, a large re
serve must be kept at home with which to
replace the troops whfth, at the end of
certain periods, must be brought home
for recuperation. In consequence, even if
that reserve does not exceed the number
of troops which would otherwise be re
quired in the United States, the annual
transportation of many thousands of
troops to and from the Philippines in
volves an immense expenditure not only
while on the Pacific, but also while on the
land between the Pacific coast and the
various posts throughout the United
States.,Again, military service in the Phil
ippines involves a large waste of men
through death and broken, health, caus
ing vacant places which must be filled by
new recruits. One man goes out and an
other is recruited and takes his place.
The two count as one in estimating the
number in the army, but the cost of re
cruiting. equipment and transportation to
the Philippines has been that of two men
Instead of one.
Another illustration is found in the mat
ter of expenditures on account of the
transports other than their running ex
penses. These transports would be prac
tically unknown to our service but for the
Philippines. A huge sum has been ex
pended in the purchase of ships and in re
fitting them for the service. When they
are sold scarce fifty per cent of this ex
penditure is received for them and the
difference is a dead loss incurred on ac-
count of the Philippines. If the sugges
tion of war department for the sale of
the transports should be adopted, and the
transportation of the troops and supplies
should hereafter be undertaken by the
commercial lines, there will be a speedy
liquidation of this loss, running up into
figures of many millions. And thus there
could be specified dozens of similar class
es of expenditure indirectly made, and of
losses incurred, on account of thb Philip
pines, which. If added to the direct ex
penditures, would enlarge the amount of
the latter by many millions.
Looking Ahead for Ten Years.
Thus considered, $800,000,000 is not only a
conservative estimate but doubtless an un
derestimate in large degree of the expendi
tures already made by the Philippines.
This may safely be taken as a minimum
estimate in stating the account. If there
were no future expenditures to be taken
into the account, and expenditures al
ready made were finally to end at this fig
ure, there would be no reasonable ground
to hope for a return of the amount from
the Philippines in a generation to come.
But by no means is this to be the end of
'the expenditure. There is well founded
reason for the belief that in ten years, if
conditions continue as at present, and as
those having the best opportunity to be ac
curately informed believe they will, this
expenditure will be at least trebled. With
$1,000,000,000, then, charged to the debit
side of the Philippines' account, if the
statements hereinafter made as to the
probable business of the archipelago are
well founded, a century will not see it or
any respectable proportion of it returned
to the United States by any receipts of
revenue of any kind from the archipelago,
or indirectly to the general public through
profit derived from trace or business of
any kind with the islands. That it is not
practicable to estimate with accuracy the
future annual expenditure of money by
the United States government which the
retention of the Philippines will make
necessary must, of course, be recognized.
Nevertheless the minimum annual expen
diture can be estimated at a figure so low
as to be for the purpose of the
statement of this account of debit and
credit. /
The latest report from General Wheaton,
a most able and conservative officer, is
that 50,000 troops will be required in the
Philippines for the next five years, and
in this opinion, so far as it relates to the
number of men. so many officers who have
seen service in the islands agree with him
as to leave little room for reasonable sug
gestion that it is too high; and the general
expression among them is that this large
army will be required, not only for five
years, but for a generation. Even if this
estimate is discounted and the number
put at 40.000, below which practically all
the officers are agreed it cannot safely be
reduced, the cost directly and indirectly of
that army for the Philippines will '- >e
about $60,000,000 a year. A soldier in time
of war or in foreign service costs the
government about 50 per cent more than
a soldier at home in time of peace. The
last analysts of all the organization,
equipment and paraphernalia of the war
department is the fighting man. All the
expenditures of the department, from the
salary of the secretary of war d0 . wn .?.2
the least important, at last relate to this
fighting man as a conclusion.
In this view the estimate is that each
solditr at home in time of peace costs an
nually about a thousand dollars; and that
in time of war and in foreign service this
cost is increased to about fifteen hundred
dollars. If to this there be added the
many attendant expenditures above sug
gested and a reasonable estimate of tne
increased expenditures above suggested!
and a reasonable estimate of the increased
naval armament and expenditure made
necessary in the Philippine service, the
annual expenditures can be »i»own tobe
reasonably between $<3,000,000 and $100,000,-
000. But, leaving out ot the calculation
all of the items which would thus swell
it there can be no reasonable doubt that
with 40.000 soldiers in the islands the ex
pense of the army and navy required by
the Philippine service will at the lowest
possible minimum be annually $60,000,000
a year, the aggregate in five years will be
$300,000,000. This, added to the $300,000,000.
already spent, makes a total of $600,000,000.
The army requiring this vast annual ex
penditure will not be needed to crush out
organized armed -resistance to the Amer
ican authority, for that has already been
nearly accomplished; but In the generally
hostile temper of the Filipinos it will be
needed to guard every nook and corner
of the Archipelago and thus to repress
the revolt which would threaten in the ab
sence of military force. It is no reply to
say that we now have a large army—one
greater than is required for service in the
United States—that it must be stationed
somewhere and may as well be in the
Philippines as elsewhere. A partial re
joinder is found in the statement already
made that the cost of the army in the
Philippines is much greater than would be
the cost of the same army if stationed in
the United States. But the complete an
swer is in the fact that that army would
not be needed were it not for the require
ment of the service in the Philippines. It
will not be forgotten that, in the fifty
sixth congress, the argument in favor of
the army bill which was most strongly
pressed was that the large Increase In the
army was required for service in the Phil
ippines. It was indeed practically the
only argument of those who advocated
—•s bill, as will readily be seen by refer
ence io the published debates. That the
increase was not required for domestic
service is abundantly shown by the fact
that the country is now getting along sat
isfactorily without the forty or fifty thou
sand soldiers now seven thousand miles
away on the other side of the Pacific
ocean, a month’s sail from our shorfs.
So that it would seem to be a legitimate
conclusion inat the cost of the army in
the Philippines is properly chargeable to
the debit side of the Philippine account.
No place is given Ln this account to the
loss of life among our trained military
officers and the young men who compose
the files of our army, but, limiting the
consideration solely to the cold question
of money, those who believe it to be from
this standpoint a bad venture feel that
they can with confidence challenge those
who think otherwise to furnish the figures
which will show how this money thus al
ready expended, and that inevitably to be
expended, can ever be repaid to the Uni
ted States either in money or its equiva
lent.
But suppose the calculation be based up
on the anticipations of the optimists that
within a few years, or even immediately,
the army can be reduced to 20,000 men,
there would, in five years, adding to the
yearly expenditure the amount already
spent, be an aggregate of $450,000,000 or
$500,000,000, an amount for the repayment
of which it is thought that the challenge
may be safely made for the production of
figures showing how it can be reasonably
done.
A most serious item of expense directly
chargeable to the Philippines is the cer
tain and enormous increase in pensions to
be paid. We have already sent 120.000 sol
diers to the islands. Every year will add
to their number and, in a few years, with
each annual addition, the names of several
hundred thousand men will be upon the
rolls of those who have seen service there.
The large majority o’s them will sooner
or later be on the pension rolls, and prop
erly so. Among them few will escape ul
timate disease directly caused by military
service in that tropical climate. If the ne
cessity for the expense of the presence of
the army there should ever cease, the cost
of its maintenance will only be transfer
red to the payment of the Increased pen
sion rolls. That cost ever continuing for
the next 50 years will in the aggregate
amount to hundreds of millions of dollars.
What may be expected in the way of- pen
sion claims by soldiers who serve Hn a
tropical climate is shown in the last report
of the commissioner of pensions. On page
47 he gives as an illustration the history
of what he terms a "crack’’ regiment of
MALLORY'S ALL-STEEL
COMBINATION PLOW
/I A PFPPFCT With this Plow, with Three Fur-
11 ° 1 row. to the row, you can plant
CLAY ‘ *ROUSTER ’’ your corn and get your land pre-
V AMn A no CAT 1 pared from two to three tlme»
AIND A UKIAI deeper than you can the old way.
LABOR SAVER. Three Furrow, to the row, will'
JJYb plow up your cotton stalks and bed
-*■ your land ready to plant cotton. It
W Will do the best and neatest job
W you ever saw. Try one. If it does
not what we say ’ you return
plow and we will refund your
* money. • < h#
STEVE A. TIRNELL & MALLORY, Madison,Ga.
Also DABNEY IMPLEMENT COMPANY. Atlanta, Ca.
WHOLESALE ASP RETAIL DEALERS. Under this read Mallory's modes.
MALLORY’S MODE FOR PLANTING CORN.
Lay off your rows with the 12 inch point
and the medium wings. If you wish a
high bed use the large wings. (We prefer
the medium wings.) This will break
your land 12 inches wide and DEEPER
than you can with ANY TWO HORSE
TURNER. It will open a furrow large
enough to bury an ordinary man. The
rows should be laid off as soon as the
ground gets in order and before it gets
hard. This one furrow will box the mid
dle and keep it from getting hard for
quite a while.
When you go to plant put in j<our fertil
izers and drop your’corn.
Take off the Double turner and put on
the Subsoller and list on the corn with
two furrows. Let the gauge wheel run
in the bottom of the large furrow so the
two subsoil furrows will go inside of the
large furrow. This will subsoil the row
12 inches wide and 10 to 12 inches deep and
will have your corn deep in the ground
and covered shallow. If you plant with
a planter, after you have listed on the
fertilizer with the subsoiler knock off the
list and run the planter on it. Os course
this will leave the middle unbroken, but it
will be undermined on each side with a
furrow 12 inches wide and subsoiled 10 to
12 inches deep.
After you have planted your corn, if
you have any fears about the middle get
ting hard, do this: Put on the 12-inch
point with the subsoil body and run one
furrow tn the center of each of the un
broken middles. Two good ordinary
mules can pull the subsoil with the 12-lnch
point in these middles from 8 to 10 inches
deep. If you will run this furrow just as
soon as you get your corn planted, it will
not hurt for the team to walk on the
937 men which served in the Cuban war.
He says that they were “a fine body of
men,” that therq were no battlefield cas
ualties, but that, when mustered out of
the service, only sj?er cent were in as gpod
physical condition as at the time of enlist
ment, and that 70 per cent were diseased.
Os the number, 477 have filed claims for
pensions, and they are doubtless entitled
to receive them.
There are several ways in which expen
diture on account of the Philippine islands
may be repaid if enough is secured there
by. Among them are:
1. By the acquisition of military and
naval bases such as sites for garrisons,
naval stations, coalipg stations, etc.
2. By money directly paid to the govern
ment.
3. Through the profits to the general
public in increased trade and in the devel
opment of the productive resources of the
country.
Confining the inquiry for the present to
the compensation directly to the govern
ment, the first above mentioned may here
be passed without other mention than that
the United States, by their selection, can
in the Philppines take such harbors and
sites for those purposes as they may deem
proper and no one can or will say them
nay, but no one will contend that the
value of such sites will balance the ac
count.
As to the subject of the compensation
of a government for war expenditure the
fact is recalled that during the past year
Mr. Chamberlain submitted to the house
of commons a statement of the plan for
the reimbursement of the British govern
ment for the expenditures in the Boer war
by issuing bonds for the full amount
which were to be entirely paid by exac
tions levied upon property situated with
in the territory formerly comprising the
two South African republics. The gov
ernment of the United States cannot in
this case reimburse itself by that method.
A war indemnity cannot properly be ex
acted from the Philippines as in the case
of a defeated foreign country, and, for
that and other reasons, the plan will not
be at all considered by the United States.
If the contrary were true, such Indemnity
could not be collected, because the possi
ble resources of the islands would not only
be insufficient for the repayment of the
hundreds of millions of dollars already
expended, but by most grinding exactions
there could not annually be wrung from
the Filipinos an amount sufficient to repay
one-third of the sum which ’the United
States must continue to spend on account
of our possession and domination of the
Philippines.
THIS THE BRAVEST MAN
ROOSEVELT EVER SAW
J
f J* * 1
I •
I- ' 1
wl
i
Major Micah Jenkins, who declined to
accept the sword from the people of South
Carolina after Lieutenant Governor Till
man withdrew his invitation to President
Roosevelt to present the sword, is a son
of Major General Micah Jenkins, of the
Confederate army, who lost his life in
the same volley that wounded General
Longstreet at Gettysburg.
Major Jenkins is now commandant of
one of the military schools In the state of
Virginia. During the Spanish-American
war he was captain in oWe of the troops
of Rough Riders organized by General
Leonard Wood and President Theodore
Roosevelt. In the charge up San Juan
hill he outstripped all the other riders and
was the first man to land in the Spanish
trenches at the sunThiit. President Roose
velt was greatly impressed with the dar
ing of Major Jenkins, who, he said, is the
bravest man he ever saw, and he recom
mended his appointment as major.
Flood Damage Will Reach Half Million
ALLENTOWN, Pa., March 5.—A half
million dollars will not, it is estimated,
cover the loss in this city and vicinity by
the recent floods. A farmer named Sny
der was drowned in Weisenburg, while
trying to cross a stream with his team.
com row. If your rows are six feet wide
you can put two or three furrows In each
middle if you wish. Rows not over four
feet wide one furrow is sufficient.
After this is done you can cultivate the
corn as you wish; we prefer a scooter
and scrape and run it shallow. Be sure
not to run the double turner nor the sub
soiler when the ground Is wet. It will
pay you better to do nothing than to
plow your land wet. By this mode you
can make corn and make it cheaper and
easier than you ever have. Try it if
you wish; you will not be disappointed.
MODE FOR PREPARING TO PLANT
COTTON.
One furrow with the 12-inch point and
the medium wings will rip up your cotton
stalks or lay off your rows. If you want
your fertilizers in deep, put it In this
furrow. Take off the right-hand medium
wing and put on the right-hand subsoil
wing and list on the fertilizer with the
subsoil wing next to the fertilizer. This
will form a beautiful low bed to plant
on and a high middle to work back to the
growing cotton.
With these three furrows you can do
DEEPER WORK than you can with
ANY TWO-HORSE TURNER. It will do
the best and neatest job you ever saw.
Before you run the planter, knock off
the bed. It will kill a coat of grass and
if the season is dry you will get a better
stand of cotton.
This plow is endorsed by Harvle Jor
dan, Dr. Hunnicutt and many of the beet
farmers. . (
Please Remember This—l may never'
repeat it.
A. R. MALLORY.
1
WORKONNEWHOME
FDR SOLDIERS
HASJEGUN
BUILDING WILL BE COMPLETED
AS SOON AS POSSIBLE—LARGE
GARDEN TO BE CULTI
VATED.
The work of clearing away the rubbish
on the sight on which the new Soldiers'
Home building is to be erected was be
gun last week.
A large force of hands is at work get
ting the grounds in condition for the new
building and should the pretty weather
continue the ground will be ready by the
middle of the week for the first work on
the foundation of the new building.
Practically all of the old foundations
can be used as they have been only slight
ly damaged, and the work of repairing
them will take only a very short time.
The work will be pushed rapidly and the
trustees now see no cause for delay unless
the weather should prove extremely
Col. W. L. Calhoun, the president of the
board of trustees, wishes to thank the
Virginia and Carolina Chemical company,
the Furman Farm and Improvement com
pany, the Old Dominion Guano company
and the Swift Fertilizer bompany for a
thousand pounds of guano contributed by
each to the Soldiers’ Home. The guano
was very much needed by the home, as a
large garden will be cultivated during the
coming season.
It is expected that all of the vegetables
used at the homq will be raised in the .
garden. There is plenty of ground for .
cultivation and with the aid of the 4,000
pounds of guano contributed it can be
put in splendid condition.
WIDOW OF JUDGE HINES
PASSES AWAY IN MACON
MACON, March 3.—Mrs. Carrie Merri
wether Hines, relict of «ames Hines, of
this city, and daughter of the lamented
justice of the supreme court of Georgia,
whose home was Eatonton, died here yes
terday. She fell down while wa.-.ng about
her house seven years ago and dislocated
her hip. She recovered sufficiently to walk
with a crutch, but complications finally
set in and caused her death yesterday. She
leaves two sons, .xiessrs. Arthur and Wit
ter Hines, and a daughter, • Miss Cora
Hines.
THE SECRET OF
LIFE DISCOVERED
' AT LAST
Will you spend 2 cents to get well, to
know again the true Joy of perfect health.
No matter what disease you have, write
me and tell me how you are afflicted, tell
me in confidence the story of your suffer
ings and I will diagnose your case and
prescribe free of charge a new treatment
which you can take at your own home.
FREE HELP FOR THE SICK
A treatment which has restored thous
ands to perfect health after doctors had
given them up to die. I will also send you
a free copy of my new book entitled "How
to be cured and how to cure others ” It
tells all about the most marvelous discov
ery of the century. It explains how I dis
covered the true secret of life, and tells
how any disease may be cured by supply
ing new nerve force to the body. It is
truly a|wonderful work, it is absolutely
free to any sick person. Write me today
and get my opinion and the opinions of
my large staff of eminent specialists on
your case. You need not even try the
treatment unless you wish. Our advice
may save your life. Send no money. I do
not accept fee for this service. 1 want to
help every sick person I can to get well. I
believe the curing of the sick, of giving
health and hope to the suffering and hope
less to be the grandest work in which man
can engage. If you want free help address
Prof. Thos. F. Adkin. office 191 N.. Presi
dent Institute of Physicians & Surgeons.
Rochester, N. Y'.
•
5