Newspaper Page Text
Talks With Farmers
Conducted By C. H. Jordan
♦ Official Organ of Southern ♦
♦ Cotton Grower*’ Association ♦
♦ ♦
' ’ Th* Brail-Weakly Journal to the offi- < i
’ • elal organ of the Southern Cotto® < ■
’ • Growers’ Protective Association. the < >
I > only official paper of that organise- ■ ,
i > tkrn. and hereafter all official cvra- < ,
< > nmnieattons of the aeeoelatton ■ offi- , ,
< i eera. and all matter* pertaining to ita , ,
< > affaire will appear tn three columns. ( ,
i , The Journal alee mutes memb-r* of ( (
< , th* aaoortatton and cotton grower* and ( ,
< , farmers generally to use Its columns
, , for th* express! n of such views and
. . augeeetfons aa may be of Interest and
, , value to the agricultural Interests of
th* south
Th* Journal win devote each week ' ’
’ two column*. as requested by the aa- * '
" ' •octati-’n. to a ’'Cotton Department.” < •
1 ’ tn which will appear the official com- ’ •
' ’ munteationa of th* association and ' •
1 ‘ such statistical and other Information < •
1 • as bears upon the work of the asso- < >
< » eta tSr and all mat’ere of Interest to < >
< > southern cotton grower*. < >
niIIIIIHHHHHMHffH
♦ Subscriber* are requested to ad- ♦
♦ dress all Inquiries for information ♦
♦ on subjects relating to the farm. ♦
♦ field, garden and poultry to the ♦
4- Agricultural Editor. All inquiries ♦
♦ will receive prompt and careful at- +
♦ tention No Inquiries answered by
♦ mall. Please address Harvie Jordan. +
<> Agricultural Editor. Monticello. Ga •>
♦ ♦
FARMERS. HOLD YOUR COTTON.
The ’•bumper" crop advocates who for
the past SU days have been persistent in
predicting the largest yield of American
cotton ever before harvested In the his
tory of the cotton plant, are now forced
tc admit the falsity of their position, and
many of them are changing about and
getting on the other side of the fence. The
entire cotton trade, speculators and all.
now fully realise that the yield for this
year will be but little, if any larger than
the crop of last year, with many chances
tn favor of even a lesser output. In the
meantime •'bear" news of every descrip
tion, based upon every Imaginable fancy,
will continue to be sent out over the
country to depress prices and encourage
the farmer* to sell their cotton as rapidly
as possible. Enormous blocks of cotton
has been sold for future delivery during
the next few months, at prices originally
based upon what was believed would be
an overwhelming crop. These* sellers
for future delivery are still short of spot
cotton to fill tnelr contracts, and If cot
ton should advance they would be badly
caught. The whole situation at the pres
ent time is in the hands of the cotton
producers. If the cotton is rushed on the
market and receipts made large, as a mat
ter of fact and past experience, prices
will go down, i- is the sign of the re
ceipts and not the prospective yield, which
will regulate prices during the nexxt 90
days. It will take 10 cent ootton to pay for
meat bought at 15 cents per pound and
com at $1.25 jer bushel, In addition to
this, m.ddling cotton is fully worth to the
spinner a value that should net ten cents
, per pound to the producer. There is no
occasion for farmers to rush the market
in September. They have no debts due at
this time, but they have a magnificent
opportunity to “bull" the market during
the next thirty day* by holding their cot
ton.
Condition of Texas Crop.
Much has been said and written about
the condition of the crop in Texas, many
experts < .aiming that L'OC.WU bales would
be harvested there this year. While the
prospects in that state at one
time were good for a fair yield, the
continued hot weather, rust and insects
have within the past sixty days- played
havoc with the plant and its fruit. Texas
will not now make an average crop. The
following letter from Col. E. S. Peters, of
Calvert, president of the Texas Cotton
Growers’ Protective Association, should
command the attention of all farmers:
"With the close of this month—Au
gust—the cotton year of 1901-IW2 will pass
•ntc hLstcry with the shortest supply of
spot cotton in many years. In fa«*t. we
are aimest facing a cotton famine The
speculators ar* Industriously making the
most of the early cotton that is coming
into market and leading the spinner to be
lieve that he can obtain sufficient from
this new cotton to bridge him over until
a full crop is on the market. Thia is
based upon the hypothesis that the cotton
farmer will follow the same policy of
rushing all his eotton on the marke. and
auctioning it off. And this is what is hold
ing prices down, and why September and
October prices are a cent below the spot
cotton today.
"I would urge every cotton farmer M
abandon the auction system, which you
well know force* the sale of any com
modity below its real value, and adopt
an ut -to-date business method of mar
keting the crop; 1 e.. slowly as the needs
demand, and not glut the market and
force the price down. Not only would this
Q.aintaln the present value*, but would
tend to securing to the cotton grower a
fair price for his cotton. I urge upon
every farmer to read and carefully heed
the resolutions of the Farmers’ Congress
at College Station. July 16 to 18.
"The knockers are beginning to circu
late reports of a 4.0».«b-bale crop for Tex
as. and their agents are already in the
state attempting to verify their estimate.
Being in close touch with the cotton sit
uation all over the state, through the
membership of the Cotton Growers' Asso
ciation. and my own personal observation,
I do not see how it is possible for such a
crop to be made in Texas, even if we
should have ideal climatic conditions from
this date on. There is no doubt that the
plant was seriously stunted by the drouth
which also stunted the boll weevil and
other pest*. With the rain* after the 26 th
of June, the plant took on a new growth,
and so did the boll weevil and other pi nts,
and my opinion Is that tn tne boll weevil
district, which covers a very much larger
area than last year, the weevils,
caterpillars and other pests will make it
impossible to make a minknum crop.
These fact* Obtained from my corres
pondent* are verified by the official state
ment* of United State* Entomologist Hu.
ner and State Entomologist Maliy.
"Another factor that must be taken into
consideration is the flood damage, which
KIDNEY ANO BLADDER DISEASES
Ar* always s*rt O u* and demand the skill of an *xpert.
Pain* in the b*ek or loins, irregularities in the urine, such
/ as scantiness, smarting, burning, incontinence, etc., are
j danger signals which shonld be promptly heeded. My
I treatment of thes>* disease* has been uniformly success-
--.Maga.- "jSBI Yu'- an d I have cured some of the worst cases on record.
Each case get* careful, individual treatment.
I MAKE NO MISTAKE by being misled by advertised quick
- cure*, free prescription*, free samples* and other forms
of cheap advertising by specialists who claim that they
are the only ones who treat patients personally. You can
mloOTy consult Dr. Hathaway PERBONAI.LY and you have the
T/L/SC-aP" JK additional benefit nf hts trained staff of skilled specialists
eac ** department, which no other office in the south has.
A responsible guarantee of cure which means something,
DK. M ATM AWA % e and backed by leading banks is given when required.
leading and iuo*t J. NEWTON HATHAWAY, M. D..
•“ t cceMful * Suite 38 Inmanßidg.. 22 1-2 8. Broad St., Atlanta, Ga.
t ■ .
has destroyed at least lO.OOC bales.”
The Texas cotton producers in conven
tion at College Station on the 15th of
July passed strong resolutions endorsing
the policy of marketing the cotton crop
slowly, and they will undertake this sea
son. as far as practicable, to sell the
bulk of the Texas crop through a period
of ten. instead of four or five months.
This is the only feasible and business
policy for the producers to pursue to pro
tect themselves from the rapacious hands
of speculators who are now short on their
contracts, and who are so desirous of
keeping prices down to about the cost of
production.
Co-operation Highly Essential.
With a short crop last year, with no
surplus of old cotton now on hand, and
every spindle in the tforld running on
full time to meet the heavy demands for
cotton fabrics at good prices, what rea
son can be advanced for any farmer rush
ing his cotton to the buyers and asking
them to take it at their own prices. The
world's requirement for American cotton
is now conceded to be more than 11,000,-
000 bales annually.
The mills cannot get along on less with
out curtailment in the manufacture of
cotton goods. There is now good reason
to believe that the present crop will not
yield more than 10,500.000 bales. When
such a fact, if it be true, becomes more
firmly established later on the prices of
both raw cotton and the manufactured
articles must materially advance. If the
farmers sell their cotton at present prices,
wihch is 2 cents per pound under its true
value, they will be the losers, and hand
lers of our crop the gainers.
If we could co-operate together and ad
vance prices from 8 cents in August to 10
cents in September, 19(0, when conditions
were not so favorable as now, surely bet
ter results could be more easily attained
at this time. Not only the government
reports, but reports from all private
sources throughout the cotton belt indi
cate a short crop. With the exception of
North Carolina, every principal cotton
producing state shows an average condi
tion of the crop to be less than that for
the same date of last year. The rapid
deterioration of the crop for the past
6j days has become notorious.
No Late Crop.
There is now no hope for a late crop
anywhere. Even in Texas the season has
advanced too far to permit of any yield
now from the plants taking on a second
crop. For that reason rains, even if they
should become general, will be of little
help to the further fruiting and develop
ment of the crop. Thre are but few favor
ed localities where cotton is yet blooming
and making. The plants for some reason,
due doubtless to hot weather, have shed
ded the squares in the top even in fields
where local showers have been abundant.
Without going Into all the details of de
terioration. the fact has become firmly es
tablished that this crop will be no larger
than the average. For that reason we
should co-operate in marketing this crop
slowly, and stand firmly together for high
er price. An effort in the right
is ;II that is needed. Money can be bor
rowed from local banks on cotton In stor
age. and thousands of farmers can meet
the situation as it should be met, and
whip the tight again as they did tn 1900.
HARVIE JORDAN.
North Carolina Organization.
HILLSBORO, N. C„ Aug. 19, 1902.
My Dear Sir:
There is an old adage that says, "What
is everybody’s business is nobody’s busi
ness.” and there is much truth in it. This
truth may be applicable to the meetings
of the farmers that are appointed for
township meetings the 23d instant, and
county meetings ihe 30th, to select dele
gates to attend the state meeting In Ral
eigh the 3d of September. Therefore. I
write this personal letter and ask that you
see your leading farmers and see that
meetings are held for this purpose. If
you And that you cannot get a township
meeting, please see that you have a coun
ty meeting. If you are unable to give this
your personal attention, I will take it as a
favor if you will select some representa
tive farmer who will take interest in the
movement and get him to take hold of it.
The time is at hand when it is very
necessary that the farmers should come
together and co-operate with each other
for their mutual benefit and protection.
We have already accomplished much, and
can accomplish a great -eel more. I am
sure that our action last fall in regard
to the cotton seed situation saved the
farmers of the south many thousand dol
•lars. and by still further co-operation we
can save many thousand more. There are
no people who are taking a back seat so
cially, financially, influentially and other
wise as rapidly as the farmers are. In
fact. I believe all other classes are ad
vancing in these respects. The farmers
should keep abreast with the people of
other vocations. The time was when they
stood in tne very front ranks. It is possi
ble for them to again occupy that posi
tion, but it can be accomplished only by
co-operation, and that can come about
only by association and organisation.
I trust that I am not asking too much_pf
you when I ask that you give this your
personal attention and see that your peo
ple are represented at the meeting in
Raleigh September 3d. I shall be pleased
to hear from you and will give you any
information that I can. Very respectfully,
T. B. PARKER, Sec.
How a Man Drowns.
Detroit Free Press.
Few popular fallacies are of such wide
extent as the belief that a person must
rise to the surface three times, no more
and no lew, before he can possibly drown.
There is little ground for this supposi
tion, although it has been almost uni
versally believed in for generations. The
truth is that a drowning person may sink
the first time never to rise again, or he
may, as he indeed does in the majority of
cases. ri*e three times before he sinks for
ever. It all depends upon the quantity of
water that he swallows when he sinks
and the size of his lungs. The human
body in life naturally floats while the
lungs are inflated. As long as one keeps
his head above the surface of the water
he can float, face up, without having to
move hand or foot. But as soon as he
sinks he gulps and imbibes a quantity of
water. If. after he has swallowed water,
he has any air left in his lungs, he will
undoubtedly rise again, and wilt continue
to sink and rise alternately until all the
air is expelled from his lungs, when he
will drown.
*UE SEMI-WEEKLY JOUKJH AL, ATLANTA, GEORGIA, THURSDAY, SEPTEMBER 4,
SILK CULTURE IN GEORGIA
OFFERS GREAT POSSIBILITIES
NASHVILLE, Aug. 29.-One of the
interesting features of the convention of
commissioners of agriculture held here
this week was the address of Louis B.
Magls, of Tallulah Falls, Ga., on silk
culture. Hts address in part follows:
Mr. Chairman and Gentlemen, Commis
sioners of Agriculture:
It is indeed a great privilege and pleas
ure to be with you today to bring before
you a subject which no doubt will be ta
ken up when you fully understand It.
I suppose it is well to relate that when
the noble General James Oglethorpe first
located the colony of Georgia with its
new settlers, hts aim and purpose to make
the colony prosperous and happy was to
establish silk culture in their midst. Suc
cessfully had they planted the mulberry
tree, as before General Oglethorpe came
to the southern coast of the United States
he heard that mulberry trees were grow
ing on the banks of the Savannah. From
the time the colony was started in 1733 to
the year 1772, silk culture was one of the
principal products produced by the early
settlers. Bo earnest was the desire on
the part of General Oglethorpe and King
George the First to establish silk culture
in the colony of Georgia rules were laid
down binding the colonists to plant 100
mulberry trees
they possessed, and when the colony be
came a royal province in 1754 and a pro
vincial assembly was created, one of the
rules making a deputy eligible to repre
sent his district was that a female mem
ber of his family be educated In the un
winding of the silk cocoons, and a certifi
cate to the effect that 15 pounds of silk
was so produced by his family and actu
ally sold. In those days there were no
silk mills, and consequently the raw silk
was usually sent to England. However,
with the beginning of the admittance of
slavery In the colony of Georgia in 1849
was the beginning of the destruction of
this industry, and history now records the
fact that the Salzburgers In the settle
ment of Ebenezer fought against the ad
mission of slavery, as they knew perfect
ly well that sfik culture could not be prop
erly conducted by the negro laljor, as he,
especially in those days, was not tit for
such a work as the cultivation and care
of the silk worm. And with the increase
of slave labor and the introduction of
cotton in the southern states, the raising
of silk dwindled away to nothing. Yet
records show that as late as 1789 $75,000
worth of silk was exported from Savan
nah to England.
Since then times have greatly changed.
The United States have become one of the
leading nations in the world, and are to
day prosperous and use and consume one
half of the world’s silk crop.
The total world’s crop in 1900 was about
36,000.000 pounds. From this amount the
United States purchased in foreign lands
—Japan, China, Italy and France—ll,ooo,-
000 pounds, which is nearly one-third of
the world’s crop, at a coat of $45,000,000,
free from duty. In adidtion we have Im
ported $28,000,000 worth of manufactured
silk in the form of dress goods, ribbons,
velvets and plushes, and the United
States government collected $15,000,000 duty
on top of the original cost. In weight
the Imported manufactured silks amount
ed to 6,900,000 pounds. Adding to that the
11.000,000 of raw silk imported, it gives us
a total of nearly 18,000.000 pounds, which
goes to show that we are using more than
one-half of the world’s production, and,
while being the largest users, we produce
none.
The small but progressive country of
Japan produces annually more than $40,-
000,000 worth of silk, cultivating 767,000
acres of mulberry orchards, against, as a
matter of comparison, the state of Geor
gia, cultivating 3,513,000 acres in cotton,
which only brings $48,000,000. The average
income per acre is not more than $13.94 in
Georgia, while Japan gets for every acre
planted in mulberry trees and then fed
to the silkworms, an average of $52.50 per
acre. There are 160,000 farms in the state
of Georgia alone which raise cotton, and
their average gross Income is not more
than $268. From that they must spend
$34 for fertilizers and S3O for labor, giving
them a net income of $204. There is no rea
son why they should not also take up the
culture of sil . for in a period of six or
eight weeks they can produce twice the
amount of what a whole year’s labor in
the cotton field would bring them.
Silk cunure is an ustry that offers
labor to the unemployed, such members
that are not able to go to the field, even
children and members who are too feeble
to do any field work can give their atten
tion to the noble, interesting, fascinating
work of feeding the silk worm, and in
return it prouuces and gives up the beau
tiful fibre that has added great wealth to
many nations.
It is a well-known fact that French
statemen pride themselves that the great
France of today Is what the silk Industry
has made h«r.
Perhaps it would be interesting to re
view the history of silk in France, being
a nation with a government based on the
same principles of ours, and as progres
sive as ours. It is now almost 900 years
since silk was first introduced in France
and in the year 1871 France contributed
37 per ment. of the world’s raw silk pro
duction. However, the effects of the cruel
Franco-Prussian war has devastated her
mulberry orchards, and has also had the
effect of bringing and leaving disease
amongst the trees, which has reduced the
annual silk crops of France to eighteen
and one-half per cent of the total world’s
crop in the year 1878. The disease con
tinued to hurt her sila crop, and the far
mers getting discouraged, the government
immediately stepped in and created what
is known as the scientific commission, the
object of which was to discover the dis
ease that has been killing her mulberry
trees. It was unsuccessful in discovering
the disease, but successful in finding a
remedy, and now her silk crop is steadily
increasing. In the manufacture of silk
France leads with an annual production
of $122.0:0,090, while that of the United
States, according to the annual report of
the Silk Association of America, amounts
to $107,000,000; or In other words the Uni
ted States manufactures 85 per cent for
her home consumption. In the year 1850
the United States produced only $1,800,000,
or 13 per cent, home consumption of man
ufactured silks, she at the same time im
ported manufactured silks from foreign
countries to the amount of $17,000,000. With
the Increase of the United States’ con
sumption the world’s raw silk production
has also largely increased.
In 1870 the world’s crop was only 16,-
000,000 pounds, wuile in the year 1882 the
world's crop amounted to 20.000,000 pounds
and in the last thirty years the world's
crop has doubled.
All during this progressive period of silk
cultlire In the world the great progressive
America stood and looked on and did noth
ing, while foreign economists ridiculed us
for our neglect in properly taking up silk
culture, as it is a fact that we have every
thing necessary to raise silk. Two-thirds
of the territory of the United States has
climatic and geological conditions for the
cultivation and production of raw silk.
Especially when today we have our mills
at our doors and a prosperous people, who
with an ever increasing demand for silken
fabrics, it is almpet committing a crime
to neglect this beautiful industry, send
ing annually more tnan $75,000,000 to for
eign lands, when we cou»u produce the
silk here, keep the money at home and
put it in circulation, especially in the
rural districts, where the people are al
most in need of some new and simple in
dustry to diversify their present products
of cotton and corn, which barely gives
them enough to exist, and certainly noth
ing for higher attainments—education and
culture.
Gentlemen, commissioners of agricul
ture It Is you to whom I appeal, because
you are the advisers and leaders of Am
erican agriculture. In general we lead
the world in agriculture; we practically
feed the world. Silk ab
solutely to agriculture, hence it is, and
ought to be, the great desire on your part
to collect all information based on mod-
ern scientific methods to raise silk, and in
turn through your good offices diffuse
the knowledge to the farmers in the rural
districts. And there is no reason in the
world why the United States should not
onlv produce enough raw silk for our own
use. but eventually supply those parts of
the world which are not so fortunate as
the United States In having climatic and
other conditions that go to make a silk
crop.
The honorable secretary of agriculture
nt Washington city, James Wilson, in a
recent interview told me, and later wrote
me. stating that we have in America, es
pecially In the southern states, as cheap
labor as can be found anywhere in the
world. I believe he is quite right in his
statement from the investigation I have
personally made, comparing labor con
ditions, especially in agricultural lines,
between Italy, Southern France and sev
eral of the southern states of the United
States; but the question of labor does
not come in at all in silk culture. It is an
established fact that we produce and sell
agricultural products to other nations.
Coming from the state of Georgia, and
having located in the county of Haber
sham to demonstrate silk culture in a
practical way to the natives, It is very in
teresting to note that the county in which
1 am making experiments is named after
James Habersham, who was appointed
silk commissioner in the early days of
the Georgia colony .by General Ogle
thorpe; and while speaking about the
state of Georgia I will take her as an ex
ample to demonstrate what can be done
by the farmers in the raising of silk.
There are more than 224,C00 farms In
the state of Georgia, and if only one-half
of the farmers of Georgia would take up
silk culture based on modern scientific
methods, they could easily produce more
than they today get from their cotton
crops. For example, suppose that each
family in the smaller half of Georgia's
farmers would enter into silk culture, and
only produce SSO worth, it would be a play
or a vocation for the children, as the work
Is pleasant and Interesting to watch the
little worms eat the mulberry, and later
imprison themselves In their own builded
cocoons; and in that way if only 100,000
farmers would produce the silk it would
add to the state’s yearly income $5,000,000,
and if the cocoons should be unreeled in
the state it would nearly double the value.
Half clvilizqd nations are producing silk.
China, having a history of 4,000 years In
silk culture, is now selling more than SIOO,-
000,000 of silk annually, and what they con
sume is perhaps a larger amount, and un
known, as they do not keep statistics in
China. Japan also produces yearly from
forty to fifty million; Italy gets an equal
amount; and the great United States,
while it uses one-half of the world’s pro
duction. gets credit for producing none
whatever.
The silk manufacturing business in the
United States, while It dates back to 1815,
the general introduction of silk manufac
ture really did not begin until after the
civil war. I will compare here a few fig
ures:
The manufacturers of the United States
In 1860 only imported 120,000 pounds of raw
silk, against 11,000,000 at the present time.
Under great difficulties it has builded up
the enormous industry of silk manufac
ture with its 483 establishments employ
ing 65,000 workmen, and it Is worth while
to note here that only 9 per cent are chil
dren under 16 years of age. while In 1870
the silk Industry employed 20 per cent of
children under 16 years of age. The pres
ent annual wages and salaries amount to
$27,000,000.
If the United States could build up in a
period of 35 years such an enormous in
dustry In the northern states, where labor
is much more in demand and higher than
in the southern states, there is no reason
why silk culture, if properly taken up In
the southern stateq, where labor is in
abundance, in fact unutilised, the climatic
conditions equal if not better than in any
other silk growing countries, with the
ever increasing American spirit to do
things properly and well when once en
tered Into, there is no reason, and I say
a dozen times no reason why in a short
time we should not have silk culture, not
only enough for home supplies, but to
supply a good many other nations, a*
we supply and lead today in other agri
cultural and industrial products.
The highest award for silk manufacture
at the Paris exposition In 1900 was award
ed to a Michigan silk manufacturer, his
exhibit being side by side with those of
France, now the leading silk manufac
turing nation.
In 1870 It took an American engineer,
now living in Paris, but until recently a
resident of the state of New York, to
invent a reeling machine for the unwind
ing of cocoons. This all goes to show
that if we Americans take up something
we are bound to win; but we must enter
into the subject honestly, with good faith,
and with continued efforts until we do
win. Depending largely, gentlemen, on
your good offices, with the combined co
operation of the national government in
Washington, which has always assisted
Industries and especially silk culture, is
one that invites assistance owing to its in
fancy.
TEST YOUR EYES AT HOME
With out 1 perfect Home Eye Tester (mail
ed free), which will enable you to select a
handsome pair of Rolled Gold Spectacles
If you send ten names of spectacle wear
ers to Dr. Haux Spectacle Co., St. Louis,
Mo.
Texas Fever.
The frequent inquiries received in regard to
Texas fever make it necessary to review in a
brief way the essential features of the disease
as well as the general plan that may be adopt
ted by any one to prevent the disease or to
stop ft if It has already appeared.
There are a few people who doubt the "tick
theory” of Texas fever. For the benefit of the
few ft may be said that there is no disease
of either man or animals more thoroughly
worked out or better understood then Texas
fever of cattle. The Bureau of Animal industry
began working on this question in 1889 and the
results of a great many experiments proved
that the tick carried the disease to susceptible
animals. Since this time every experiment sta
tion where the question was of any importance
has done work along similar lines and always
with the same results—that the tick is the
means of transmitting the disease. ,
No one ever saw an outbreak of Texas fever
without the presence of ticks. The old theories
in regard to Texas fever have been completely
dfsproven. The Idea that southern cattle with
sore feet or that saliva from these cattle was
the means of spreading the disease has been
entirely dlsproven. At one time some claimed
that bacteria were the cause of the disease, but
al! of these theories have been dlsuroven by
experimenting with the tick. The fever can be
given to susceptible cattle by placing young
ticks on them or the disease can be transmit
ted by Inoculating cattle with blood from a
southern animal. After cattle have become in
fected with the disease the Infection remains
in the blood for an indefinite length of time,
probably luring the life of the animal.
While the- tick Is the carrier of the disease
the fever is caused by a small organism that Is
Introduced into the animal by the tick. This
small organism, which is the actual cause of
the disease processes in the animal, lives In
and destroy* the blood corpuscles. This action
on the blood is the cause of the extreme weak
ness of the sick animal as well as the noticea
ble changes seen in the post mort»m examina
tion of Texas fever cases. The disease affects
the blood more than any other part of the
body.
Recently some ticks that had been secured
from cattle tha\ had the fev.-r were brought
to the veterinary laboratory. These ticks were
placed In the laboratory and began laying eggs
In two day’ and In twenty days after the first
e«gs were laid voung ticks were hatching out.
Those voung ticks hatched In the laboratory are
capable of giving Texas fever to cattle that
are not accustomed to ticks. Such an experi
ment has lieen made so often that there Is no
question as to what the results will be.
There have been many Inquiries In regard to
Texas fever from the Kiowa and C >manehe
country since Its settlement. Many cattle
were taken from western Oklahoma and other
localities where there jvns no Infection and
were brought In contact with Infection tn the
new country Thl« has resulted In a great
many cases of fever. A number have sent
ticks to the Experiment Station at Stillwater,
Oklahoma, to have them Identified.
The symptom* of Texas fever are usually
characteristic hut other conditions may give
similar symptoms. When the disease ai-nears
among matured cattle there will always be
some loss A post mortem examination will
show in a general way the following condi
tions: The liver is usually enlarged, soft and
mottled in appearance; the Sell! bladder is al-
ways filled with a thick granular bile and the
spleen is larger than normal, soft and very
black The bladder may contain bloody urine.
If the animal lives several days after the
fever begins, bloody urine may be passed and
the bladder will be found filled with the same
material.
Wh'.le there is no specific remedy for Texas
fever in the way of a cure there is no disease
so easily stopped or with which one can work
with any more assurance of ruccess if it !s
handled In the right way. T there are no
ticks on the cattle there will oe no fever and
if the disease is among the cattle it will stop
as soon as the cattle are thoroughly cieaased
of ticks. To counteract the high fever ac
companying the disease it is necessary to give
something to reduce the fever and keep the
bowels open. Saits in one or two pound doses,
repeated if necessary, will be effective. Any
physic, as raw linseed oil or lard, may be used.
Green feed such as corn is good to keep cattle
In condition. At the first indication of fever
the cattle should be given all the green feed
they want and every one gone over carefully
to remove all the ticks. This is where so
many fail in handling the disease. The sick
animals should be doctored and at the same
time the well ones should be gone over and
the ticks removed. In this way the disease
may be stopped. Any of the oils thoroughly
applied will kill the ticks but It must be well
applied, especially to the under parts of the
body, inside the thighs, sides of the neck and
chest. The large ticks may be removed by
hand but young ticks are too small to be
found among the hair, consequently they must
be killed by applying some of the oils.
Information has reached the Oklahoma ex
periment station that parties In certain local
ities were going over the country vaccinating
cattle to prevent Texas fever. Cattle may be
immunized against Texas fever but not by
anv such process as Is practised by these par
ties. There Is no reliance to be placed tn any
such treatment and stockmen allowing them
selves to be Imposed upon In this way are
hardly deserving of sympathy when they han
dle cattle and fall to Inform themselves about
a disease as Texas fever.
You ought to keep a little good whiskey
in the house. For accidents, fainting
spells, exhaustion, and other emergency
uses, it relieves and revives. But you
must have good whiskey, pure whiskey,
for poor whiskey adulterated whis
key is injurious. HAYNER WHISKEY
is just what you need for it goes di
rect from their distillery to you, with all
Its original strength, richness and flavor,
carries a UNITED STATES REGISTER
ED DISTILLERS GUARANTEE OF
PURITY and AGE and saves you the
enormous profits of the dealers. Read the
offer of The Hayner Distilling Company
elsewhere in this paper. They are a repu
table house, have a paid up capital of half
a million dollars, been in business over 3»5
years and will do exactly as they say. •••
A Dangerous Fraud.
While traveling in Woodward county inves
tigating the loco disease of cattle the veter
inarian of the Oklahoma experiment station
procured from a stockman a sample of a sure
cure for the black legr in cattle which he had
obtained from a traveling "veterinarian.” The
material was analyzed and found to be corro
sive sublimate, a very poisonous chemical,
which is dangerous to have around at any
time and doubly so when In the guise of a
mysterious cure for a disease. The stockman
in this case knew that the only treatment for
black leg was preventive vaccination wit)
vaccine properly prepared and procured froq
reliable sources. It is of course impossible tt
estimate tbe damage caused by irresponsible
persons of which this "veterinarian” is a type.
The experiment station at Stillwater makes
every effort to acquaint Oklahoma farmers
with new things that may be of benefit to
them and an inquiry in doubtful cas*s will
always bring a prompt reply giving th* facts
in so far as the station can determine th*m.
The mysterious Is always to be mistrusted.
Ginseng a Failure In Oklahoma.
The culture of ginseng was attempted at
the agricultural experiment station at Still
water this spring. The plant requires a moist
soil and climate and plenty of shade. This
season has been as close to that description
as an Oklahoma spring is liable to be. The
plat selected for the work is on the north
side of a grove of shade trees and the soli was
placed In the very best condition for the crop.
Good germinated seeds were planted April
4, 1902, and in due time a good stand of
young plants came up. The bed was mulched
and given all the attention and car* that
could Improve the conditions surrounding the
plants. On June 26th moet of the plants show
ed lack of vigor and on July 22nd all the plants
were dead.
OLD MONUMENTS OF EUROPE
AND AFRICA CRUMBLING
Will the Sphinx or the Parthenon
Follow the Cam
panile?
New York Mail and Express.
There seems to be an epidemic these
days among ancient landmarks, monu
ments and public buildings of that dis
ease which used to be called the "falling
sickness.” From various widely separated
regions of earth comes news every now
and then of some historic structure giv
ing evidence that the burden of the cen
turies is weighing too heavily upon it long
er to be borne. Tower and monument and
cathedral's shrine which the long ages
have rolled over and left still standing
amid the mighty shadows of dead empires
give indications that the time has come
when they desire to He down and die.
In Venice the Campanile of St. Mark’s
has fallen and dissolved in broken frag
ments, after a life of over a thousand
years. The bell tower of San Stefano Is
threatening to fall, after having stood for
more than 500 years, and a portion of the
front of the Chureh of Saints John and
Paul has tumbled bodily outward, with
Its storied window, through which the
light used to stream In softened splendor
on the sculptured tombs of the long ar
ray of dead doges.
From Egypt comes the news that the
Sphinx whose sightless eyes for three
thousand years have gazed from the bor
ders of the Libyan desert is at last show
ing signs of old age. She is beginning to
crumble and disintegrate, and to show
that she is at last weary of propounding
her riddle to the sands of the desert and
the swarms of “trippers” who visit her
daily by trolley from Cairo. The neigh
boring pyramids seem to be at present in
fairly good health, but there is no telling
how soon they will contract the "falling
sickness.” It would be too bad if the
Sphinx, which has seen so many empires
rise, flourish and decay, should now van
ish away to the accompaniment of the
jangling of a trolley car bell.
From Rome it Is reported that the rich
wooden ceiling of the Church of St. John
Lateran is in danger of falling. It is crack
ed in several places and a commission has
reported that something must be .done
quickly or the carved and gilded roof will
tumble down upon the heads of the wor
shipers who frequent the church. This
"mother and head of all the churches,” as
St. John’s Lateran has been called, has
had a career of many disasters, anyway,
but the calamities which have befallen
it before have been due to fire, earthquake
and war. Now it seems simply to feel
that it is getting old and is ready to
drop.
It is doubtful If any of the original
chureh built by Constantine in 896 remains,
with the exception of the baptistry, as the
structure has inrice been rebuilt, the last
time In 1360. The flat, wooden roof, which
now threatens to fall, is richly ornament
ed with ornate sunken panels in the style
known as “coffered,” and its fall would
be a loss to the w’orld, both on account
of Its antiquity and its beauty. It is es
timated that it will cost $10,00) to make the
roof safe, and the pope has ordered a sub
scription to be started to raise the re
quired sum.
In Belgium the celebrated "Belfry of
Bruges" is reported to be crumbling to de
cay. This great cathedral tower has stood
for nearly 500 years without having shown
signs of weakness until it recently began
to get shaky. Its present condition is a
source of anxiety to the inhabitants of
Bruges, for the cathedral tower is the
great show piece of the town and attracts
pilgrims from all over the world. In it
hangs a celebrated chime of bells, of
which poets have sung for centuries. One
of the most beautiful of the short poems
of our own Longfellow tells of his stand
ing on the tower which now threatens to
tall, while below him
Like a shield embossed with silver, round
and vast the'landscape lay. •
Not Incendiary.
Ohio State Journal.
Curious Stranger—"Do you have any sus
picions that the fire which burned down your
house was of incendiary origin?"
Hank Hoskins—“O, Lord, no! I think some
low down sneak set it on fire.”
Dr. Nestor Ponce de Leon, of New York,
has been, appointed medical inspector of the
port of Havana.
SUGGESTIONS FROM |
OUR CORRESPONDENTS •
I i
“TOO HARSH,’’ SAYS SMITH
IN SPEAKING OF SLEDD
To the Editor of The Journal:
I alluded to the treatment of Professor
Sledd on account of the article he wrote
for The Atlantic Monthly apparently re
flecting upon the section in which he
lives.
That the things stated by him are true
in fact, no one who is at all honest will
deny.
There is, and has always been, an in
tense hatred between certain classes in
the south and the north and the negroes,
and nothing but the slave owners’ care
protected his slaves from cruelty. While
nothing but the fear of punishment pre
vented the negro from all kinds of inso
lence and Injury to the poor buckra,
whom he hated as intensely. Os course
Professor Sledd never meant to charge
upon any considerable part of the good
people of his section the charges he
brings forward. He knows no one who
would rather kill a negro than a forty
dollar mule. (I don’t thank he ever said
that.) He was justly indignant at the
scenes attending the horrible punishment
of Sam Hose, w’hose crime was one of
the most diabolical, but who was put to
death in a more savage manner. The
good men and women of the state were
as much grieved as Professor Sledd. The
frenzied mob might be pardoned, but
what of a railway that races a train and
of the newspaper reporters, who with
their kodaks, make capital of the horrible
events. The hoodlums who sought for
relics would have appeared if a white
man had been burned by a negro mob as
surely, but It certainly was not wise to
parade this awful affair as illustrating
southern and Georgia sentiment.
Prof. Sledd Is a young man and a young
writer. The negroes will never forgive him
for calling them “an inferior race," and
if he had an eye to their favor, as he did
not, he would never have said that. Call
a negro a thief, a murderer and an anar
chist, and he may forgive you, but tell
him he belongs to an Inferior race and
your doom is sealed. The professor Is as
true a southerner as any of us. He be
longs to the best people of Virginia. His
father and grandfather were slave own
ers as long as slavery was. He thought
some southerner ought to show that some
southern people opposed everything like
cruelty and Injustice and he spoke out in
discreetly, unwisely, carelessly and In the
wrong place, but his punishment has been
out of all proportion to his offense. To
confiscate a man's estate and exile him
for a careless word, is rather too heavy
a penalty.
I reckon some of the young gentlemen
who posed as defenders of the old south
may charge me with disloyalty. So be it!
When they have suffered as much and
done as much as I have for the south,
they can speak.
I have no sympathy with the spirit that
fans the fires of hate between the white
man and the negro. The negro is not a
brute; he is a human being. He Is here
and here to stay; If he is a criminal, pun
ish him; if he is a good man, reward him,
but good or bad, he is not here to rule me,
and he never shall.
I don’t intend to wrong him and I don’t
intend he shall wrong me, and I don’t In
tend to give him the power If I can help
it. I am no negro hater, as I am no ne
gro worshipper. I do not Intend to let a
negro from another race and with another
history separate me from a Yankee who
is my kinsman according to the flesh, and
make me, springing from the same womb,
war with him, and keep at war, while the
dark brother who loves one of us as well
as the other, stands off waiting for the
spoils. This seems to me the maddest
thing in history- If ever peoples ought
to be friendly they are the northern and
the southern. Anglo Saxons, and yet they
are at war still and for what? For a
mere sentiment concerning a race of peo
ple, who have never had any sympathy
for anybody in their power. Mr. Sledd
chose a wrong theme for the Atlantic
Monthly. He wrote an unwise article, but
a very large part of the people stand by
him in his contention that "The negro is
an interior and the negro ought to be
treated justly and is often treated in
humanely—”
I no more endorse Prof. Sledd’s way of
writing than I do Mr. Tom Dixon, who
has told only what Is true, but told what
we should as Americans and Christians be
glad to forget. I once said to Bishop Hay
good: “Atticus, you know what a south
erner I am, but I am sure no man can
be right who tries to stir the fires of a
hate toward the north. It is neither wise
nor Christian.” “No,” he said in his
ardent way, “it is diabolical.” Let us
have peace; we have all said hard things,
let us forget and forgive. When Prof.
Sledd saw what had resulted from his ar
ticle like any gentleman such as be is he
at once resigned bis office, and gave up
his home.
The newspaper writers have driven him
from the state; but not one of them is
truer to the south, in all his feelings, in
my opinion, than Andrew Sledd.
GEO. G. SMITH.
Macon. Ga.
SECRETARY HULL MAKES
REPLY TO COLONEL PEEK
ATHENS. GA., Aug. 28, 1902.
To the Editor of The Journal:
In his article on the Agricultural college
Colonel Peek makes some errors in his
figures which I am sure he will be glad
to have corrected.
The annual income of the A. & M. col
lege is not 141.954.30. but $31.620.53. Os the
total amount which Col. Peek gives, $2,000
is paid to the college at Dahlonega tnd
$8,333.33 to the College for Colored Youths
at Savannah. The $5,000 referred to was
not to defray the expenses of the last
three months’ course tn agriculture, but
was set apart for the equipment of that
department. Non* of it was paid for cur
rent expenses. The report made by Dr.
White of property buildings was doubt
less to show the value of the “home” d<
the college. As a matter of fact these do
not belong to the College of Agriculture,
but to the uhiverslty, known in ante hel
ium days as Franklin college.
But this does not touch upon the main
issue.
It is unfair to say that so much money
has been spent for agricultural education
without adequate results. If it is claimed
that these appropriations should lie used
for teaching boys how to plow and hoe
cotton, and milk a cow and shoe a horce.
it is conceded that the results have not
been attained. But there are hundreds of
farmers who are better farmers and Bet
ter citizens and happier men for having
had the advantages offered through the
Landscrip Fund. Whatever may be the
individual opinion of the purpose of the
Land Grant, the Act itself Is clear enough
to those who care to know Its meaning.
And It is unfair to emphasize the igno
rance of the farmers of Georgia. As a
class they are not more ignorant than
merchants, and the percentage of failures
among them I believe is not so largq. Os
this I am not certain, but I have seen
B Stricture
- SOLVENT”
Dissolves Stricture like snow b-ntath the sun. reduces Enlarged
Prostate, and strengthens the Ducts in Fifteen Day.-*. No drugs
to ruin the stomach, tut a direct 100 il an 1 positivo application
to the entire tract. •‘Gran-Solvent” is not a liquid. It is pro
pared In the form of Cravons or Pencils sniroth and flex, ole,
E’tff *“ SiMU Kmw
Tub St. Jambs Assn. has prepared at great ex r^ 1
pense an exhaustive Illustrated Treatise on the | C< g h
male system. which they wiU send to any male applicant, 1 1 \Ae*«
ST. JAMES ASSN., 52 ST. JAMES BLDG, CINCINNATI, OHIO
statistics which If true would prove the’
statement. If the farmers who live on,
the farms are more illiterate than other
classes, the remedy is not in an agricul-j
tural college. It lies in the country
schools. Let the farmers’ friend help to>
raise the standard, the efficiency and the
attractiveness of the country school and]
the farmers' illiteracy will disappear.,
Teach the farmer's boy the possibilities;
of his home for the enjoyment of life,,
teach his girl some of the refinements,
which make the home attractive, show
them the wonders of the nature world
around them, give them high and noble
thoughts which will take them beyond the'
contracted limits of their horizon and
eracy and Ignorance will be known no,
more among them.
It is the isolation of the farmer’s life,
the dull, monotonous drudgery of the
household work, the lack of neighbors and
friends and worse than all the lack of a
good primary education which robs the
farmer’s home of its attractions and Im
pels him as soon as he is able to move to 1
town for the attractions of social inter
course with others.
Educate the farmer’s boy, train bis sac- ‘
ultles, enlarge his views of life, let him
learn how plants grow and feed and prop- j
agate their kind, but do not wait until
it old enough to leave home to do it.
As to “spiral domes" and “laps of lux- (
ury” I venture to affirm that very, very
few boys at Athens were born under thei
one or ever reclined in the other. There
are boys here, however, who are paying (
their way through college by teaching and
by selling coal and second hand books; |
who have but one suit of clothes In a sea
son, who do not own an overcoat and who
are typical farmers' sons, but neither Ig-■
norant nor illiterate. It is from this clasg'
that the university expects grezt result I *.
A. L. HULL. •
MR. JUSTICE JACKSON’S
RICHMOND TERMINAL DECISION;
Editor Atlanta Journal: I write to astei
you to correct the statements contained]
In the editorial "Fighting Southern Mer
ger,” In so far as they refer to the decision]
of my father, the late Mr. Justice Jackson,
You say in that editorial:
“Georgia has a law similar to that of]
Kentucky, and some years ago it was en-i
forced by Judge Speer, when the old'
Richmond and Danville (the predecessor,
of the Southern) sought to take over the ;
Central of Georgia. Justice Jackson as-!
terwards rendered a decision almost In ■
direct opposition to Judge Speer, but thei
United States supreme court, in a subse-|
quent decision, practically sustained!
Judge Speer on all material points."
Now, as a matter of fact, and as you!
could have ascertained from the court'
records in the case, the question of mer-.
ger or consolidation of the Richmond and-
Danville and the Central Railroad was
not before Justice Jackson when he sat In!
the trial of the case at Atlanta and after-:
wards at Savannah, Ga., and consequent- *
ly he rendered no decision on that point, j
Previous to the hearing of the case by l
Justice Jackson, and while It was before.
Judge Speer, the latter issued an order]
restraining the Richmond Terminal com-i
pany from voting the stock that company |
owned in the Central railroad. On this;
point, no doubt the one to which youi
intended to refer, Justice Jackson decided .
that the Terminal company could vote the :
stock it held in the Central, and as proof 1
that his decision In that particular was.
not reversed by tbe superior court of
United States, the Southern Railroad com- ■
pany, the successor of the Richmond Ter- i
minal company, is today voting the ma- ’
jorlty Central railroad stock it acquired
from the Terminal company.
I want to add moreover that the ruling* ]
and decisions of Justice Jackson on thi»i
and the many other points involved in the j
settling of the Central railroad litigation,
were never appealed from. The case was
never carried to the supreme court, there
fore that court did not and could not have
“in a subsequent decision, practically BUB y
tained Judge Speer on all material points.”
Had there been any doubt as to his decis- ,
ions and rulings upon the many points |
of law involved Jn the trial of the case. I
most assuredly attorneys would have ay- ]
pealed to the United States supreme court. |
That they did not take an appeal is the (
surest evidence of the error you have
made and which, I trust, you will edi
torially correct. Yours truly,
HENRY JACKSON.
September L 1902. j
Impure Drinking Water
I* always a source of danger; dysentery and <
bowel troubles follow its use. Every person .
should have handy a bottle of Painkiller (Perry I
Davis'), which will quickly cure these dis- ,
tressing ailments. Be careful and • se* that
the storekeeper does not palm off some worth
less substitute upon you. as is sometime* don* (
for th* sake of a few cents extra profit. Larz*
bottles 25 and 50 cents.
HIS NEW BROTHER.
Say, Tve rot a little brother.
Never teased to have him. nuther,
But he’s here; »
Thev just went ahead and bought him.
And’ last week the doctor brought him.
Wa’nt that queer?
When I heard the news from Molly,
Why, I thought at first ’twas jolly, i
’Cause you see. -
I s’posed I could go and get him.
And then mamma, course, would let him '*■
Play with n?e.
But when I had once looked at him.
"Why,” I says, "my sakes, is that him?
Just that mite!”
They said. "Yes.” and "Ain’t he cunnln T*
And I thought they must be funnln'—
He's a sight!
He’s so small, it’s just amazin’.
And you’d think that he was blazin
He’s so red;
And his nose is like a berry.
And he’s bald as Uncle Jerry a
On the head.
Why, he isn’t worth a dcilarl
All he does is cry and holler
More and more.
Won’t sit up; you can’t arrange him—
I don’t see why pa don’t change him
At the store.
Now we’ve got to dress and feed him.
And we really didn’t need him l
More'n a frog;
Whv'd they buy a baby brother
When they know I’d good deal ruther
Have a dog?
—L W. A. Bulletin.
His Definition Was Correct.
Chicago Chronicle.
Congressman Kyle tells of an episode which, ‘
be allege*, happened in Ohio, but which bears
some of the earmarks of having come from th*
land of the Dakotas, from which Mr. Kyle
hails. >
There Is tn the country a certain crossroads,
where a patient teacher struggle* daily with
the development of the young Idea. One morn
ing ah** was giving the school a lesson ’n
geography.
"What Is a cataract?” she asked.
There was absolute silence in response and
she explained the meaning of the word.
"What is a cape?”
This was better. One of the children knew it
w»s a point of land jetting out into the water.
"What Is a strait?”
Over in the corner a small hand went up.
"I know, teacher," said a small b>y.
“Weli. what is it?"
“It beats three of a kind." was the triumph
ant answer.
5