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BUGGIES CENTURY BUGGIES are built for hard service. The best of material and workmanship used throughout—every detail of construction and finish rigidly inspected and tested. Every Vehicle Guaranteed for 3 Years. Wo Sell Direct to the User—cut out all middlemen’s profits and save you $25.00 to $45.00. 7 EASY PAYMENTS ON ALL VEHICLES ’1P_ * Pay tor your baggy while you use it. Buggy shown here—triple auto seat, latest model, highest quality— retail value $100.00 to $125.00. Our prices range from $29.50 up; $10.00 down and $5.00 a month—guaranteed to please or .your money back. Write for Freight Paid Prices. "7's. Your cre *Ut is good—write for Free catalogs showing full line //A Surreys and Farm Wagons. We make a fine line of HARNESS—and sell it nt lowest price. / for Catalog. ^rl CENTURY MANUFACTURING CO.. Dept 893 East St. Louis,III. 1\V7 or Dept. 993 200 Filth Ave., New York City. THE ATLANTA SEMI-WEEKLY JOURNAL, ATLANTA, GA„ FRIDAY, FEBRUARY 21, 1913. THE GREAT BENEFIT OF , THE DAIRY TO THE FARM ; Does Not Consist Simply of Selling Milk-ls Great Fac tor in Building Up Soil —v Whether the cow is a soil-builder or not depends upon what is done with the products and t by-products. If but ter is made and sold, all the milk used cn the farm as feed for pigs, calves and poultry* and. their manure used on the soil, we can rapidly build up th 3 soil fertility. If milk is all sold, the cow’s manure piled under the eves, the rapidity with which she builds up the soil will not dazzle anyone. We must take care of and make intelligent use of all by-prod ucts. The 'average dairy cow will re turn 18 pounds of digestable dry mat ter, good for human food for eV'ery 100" pounds of digestible dry matter in her ration, if judgment is used in feeding. She has proved herself several pounds ithead of the hog in this business, and because the cow doesn’t always d^ this, don’t blame'Trer, but investigate the feed —and the feeder. A knowledge of feeding standards and how to compile a balanced ration is a great help, although the art of success fully feeding dairy cows can only be learned by experience and study. A cow has her likes and dislikes, indi vidually, and for best results these have to be taken into consideration. She is the final judge of the ration’s real efficiency and utility. The most essential element in the ra tion is protein, and the question of how best and how cheapest to get this is every dairyman’s problem. Alfalfa hay and cowpeas may be successfully grown in almost every state and a ton of good alfalfa hay or cow pea hay can- be pro duced at from $3 to $5. What can may be produced for from $18 to $24 per ton; and they are practically equal in feeding value. The lesson is plain—- grow your protein-in the shape of cow- peas or alfalfa. A poor cow had bet ter be sold. It will not pay to feed her; but it does pay—decidedly—to feed a good cow with a generous hand. Pro duce gilt-edge products, th$n work up a private trade, wherever practicable; it will increase the profits enough to more than overbalance the extra work and time. Watch the corners closely. Lit tle leaks are the worst. Comfortable stock means profitable stock. No other stock responds more quickly to comfort than dairy cattle. # Sleek, contented, cud-chewing cattle Took nice in any lot, more than this, they feel and act nicely; also they are a profitable source of in come just so long as they are kept in this condition. Finally, I would add, do not neglect the watering. ■TO IMPROVE THE POOR L An Interesting Letter on Soil Fertility, From H, C, Pope, of Sarcox-ie, Mo, BY H. C. POPE. Either we or those that have gone before us have depleted the soil of the elements which are essential to the production of profitable crops, and now we* are unable to make a living on it. The question is what can be done? But before looking for the remedy let us look into the situation a little and see what was in the soil and how it got away. Then let us figure how to get it track. * Let us take the plant and see what it is made of any where it came from. The idea, with many is that the entire plant was taken from the soil, for in stance, that t^e plant obtained all of its food from the soil the same as an ani mal obtains its food from plants. Let us take a plant and burn it. You say that it burns up, and leaves a small pile of ashes. Now then if the plant was made entirely from the soil don’t you see that you would be burning soil. The fact of the matter is that that portion which was burned was taken from the air as carbondioxide. That which remained as ashes was taken front the soil, and is now practically nothing but soil or earth. Only a very small per cent of the plant is ash, and it va ries with different plants, as well as with different parts of the -plant. In a very elementary way we have looked into the physiological makeup of the plant; but now let us look into the matter a little further and^ see what elements entered into that portion which burned and that which remained (the ash.” Every leaf of the plant is a manufac turing plant which by the aid of the sunlight takes the carbondioxide from the air and by the addition of water converts it into starch. From the starch, sugars, oils, crude fiber and pro- teids are manufactured. The starch, su gars, oils, and crude fiber are practical ly the same in their chemical structure. Their three constituents are carmon, hydrogen and axygen only arranged in different proportions to form the differ- ferent products. The proteids differ somewhat from the foregoing in that they always contain nitrogen and usual ly sonie sulphur. In the ash we find the following ele- GET IITEI GENT 1 BOX OF GASGARETS To be Certain of Your Crop be Sure of Your Fertilizer N EXT in importance to thoroughbred seed and proper cultivation, comes the fertilizer. The right fertilizer, mixed in the right way, composed of the right constit uents, under the right formula for your particular crop is abso' lutely essential to the largest possible crop production and biggest profits. ROYSTER FERTILIZERS Founded on MERIT—Based on QUALITY are backed by a reputation worth hundreds of thousands of dollars which would be extensively damaged if a single lot of fertilizers of inferior quality were put out under the Royster Brand. The fact that more farmers use Royster Brands than any other one independent brand and that eight large plants in six states barely fill the demand, is pretty strong evidence that Royster Fertilizers are right in every respect. Insist upon goods bearing F. S. R. Trade Mark. Name of nearest dealer on request. Insures you for months against Headache, Bilious ness, Constipation or a Bad Stomach Put aside—just once—the Salts, Ca thartic Pills, Castor Oils of purgative waters which merely force a passage way through the bowels, but do not thoroughly cleanse, freshen and purify these drainage or alimentary organs, and have no effect whatever upon the liver and stomach. Keep your inside organs pure and fresh with Cascarets, which thoroughly cleanse the stomach, remove the undi gested, sour and fermenting food and foul gases, take the excess bile from the liver and carry out of the system all the constipated waste matter and poisons in the intestines and bowels. A Cascaret tonight will make you feel great by morning. They work while you sleep—never gripe, sicken and cost only 10 cents a box from your druggist. Mil lions of men and women take a Cas caret now and then and never have Headache, Biliousness, coated tongue, In digestion, Sour Stomach or Constipated bowels. Cascarets belong in every household. Children just love to take them.—( (Advt.) TRADE HARK -f&fc REGISTERED F. S. ROYSTER GUANO CO. NORFOLK, VA. Repeating Shotguns Trap shooting brings out the shooting qualities 6f a gun as nothing else. Winchester Repeating Shotguns last year won both the Professional and Amateur Season’s averages. This shows they are reliable in action and close, hard shooters. These qualities make them excellent for bird shooting, especially for the quick, fast flyers. Winchester guns are well built and finished and will give good, service for years. Tbpy are simple in construction and operation and made to separate readily into two parts without tools.- Sold by dealers everywhere at a moderate price. . Send postal for complete illustrated catalog. Winchester Repeating Arms Co.,, New Haven, Conn. EASY PAYMENTS of material out ail middlemen’s ALL VEHICLES baggy while you use it. auto seat, latest model, highest quality— Our prices range from $29.50 up; nonth—guaranteed to please or .your for Freight Paid Prices. catalogs showing full line We make a fine line of 'or Catalog. 993 East St. Louis,III. New York City. 3YEAR GUARANTEE ments: Iron, sulphur, magnesium, so dium, caicium, potassium and phos phorus. Also a few others of non-essen tial importance. All of these are taken from the soil, but with all of them We are not concerned. The nitrogen which is found in the proteids is taken from the soil by the plant, but it originally came from the air. It being stored in the osil by certain bacteria which have the power of taking free nitrogen from the air. This nitrogen is again liberated into the air when the plant is burned, or per mitted to slowly qxidize by weathering. The same is true of the starch, sugars, oil, and crude fiber when burned or oxidized, being again converted into carbondioxide. The three elements which concern us in soil fertility are phosphorus, nitro gen and potassium. Due to our meth ods of forming these elements have been removed in two ways: By the careless washing of our soils, and by being car ried away by crops and animals which have been sold from the place. This process became so-low in fertility that it no longer produces profitable crops. Don’t try to replace these elements without knowing what you are doin„ for you are almost sure to waste your money. It has universally been taught that phosphorus, nitrogen and potassium are the three elements lack ing in our soils. In some sections this is true, In others it is not. In many soils only the phosphorus and nitro gen are lacking, and in some soils only nitrogen. In poor soils it is usually safe to say that the phosphorus and ni trogen content is low, but it cannot be said of the potassium. In the sand soils of the east and south potassium is lacking as well as phosphorus and nitrogen. Many of the poor soils are clay soils and usually where there is clay there is an abundance of potas sium. There are two ways to find out about the potassium content. One is to consult your state agriculturist as to the amount of patassium in your section. The other is to lay off two plots, fertilize the one with potassium and leave the o(her as a control. If the potassium is’lacking there will be a marked influence on the growth of the plants on the fertilized plot. A similar test can also be made with the phosphate fertilizer. Before discussing the best methods of how to restore these three elements there is one other factor which should first be considered—the humus. Humus is organic matter reduced by oxidation to much the same state as charcoal. It is this finely divided substance which gives the soil its black color, and which makes it loose and mellow. Thj humus also has a great affinity for water, thus causing the soil to re tain more moisture. It also causes the soil to warm up faster, because of the Loosewess of the soil which permits the excess of water to run away faster. Besides th)s the black color which the humus gvies to the soil causes ti to absorb more heat from the sun. The four important factors of toil fertility and phosphorups, nitrogen, po- .tassuim and Bumus. Should you find that your soil is lacking in phosphorus, nitrogen-and potassium, don’t buy com plete fertilizers if you intend to build up your soil. This kind of fertilizer usually leaves the soil in a worse con dition than what it was in the start. This is because t£e humus content is neglected. Suppose that your soil is a clay soil and that there is an abundance of po tassium in it, fi you buy a complete fertilizer the money for the potassium is only wasted. Yet this very thing is done by thousands of farmers and thousands of dollars ar© thrown away for the potassium fertilizer. In buying phosphate fertilizers 1f you intend to build up your soil, don’t buy the readily available kinds. Their effects only last for one season. For more and lasting effects the best fer tilizer is raw rock phosphate or nat ural phosphate. This fertilizer is ob tained from a rock which is high In phosphate and which is ground into a fine powder. The important mines are in Tennessee, South Carolina and Flor ida. This fertilizer becomes available very slowly and its effects extend over a period of several years. By plowing it under with a green crop, preferably cowpeas or clover, it becomes available much faster. The organic acids which are produced from the green vegetation breaks down the rock and puts the phosphorus in an available form. The raw rock should be used at the rate of a half ton or more per acre. No farmer who is figuring on per manent agriculture should waste his money in buying nitrogen. The air in which he lives is full of it. All that is needed to get hold of it is to grow legumes. Th e two best crops for this purpose are cowpeas and clover. These crops take the free nitrogen from the air, indirectly, by means of certain bacteria which ar e fastened on their roots. Now, let us not make the mis take in thinking that if we leave noth ing but the roots in the ground that we are storing up nitrogen. Let us take the cowpea, for example. Two-thirds of the nitrogen is in the stalk above the ground, the other remaining third is in 'the root. Two-thirds of the ni trogen was taken directly from the air by the organisms on the roots of the plants; one-third was taken from the soil. It is now clearly seen that if the top is removed that there is no nitro gen stored in the soil. Moreover, this is not all, for with this crop you ore removing a considerable amount of phosphorus. The thing to do is to plow the crop' under and while it is yet green and you. have added two things to your soil, nitrogen and humus. If your soil is lacking in potassium, the best commercial fertilizer that can be had is muriate of potash. Wood ashes are also excellent, but the supply is rather limited. Manure is one of the best fertilizers and should never he wasted. It should never be permitted to be rained on or piled out and exposed to the air. As soon as it i* anraad on the field It «hV»,.is SPRING PLANTED ALFALFA A GREAT many people have been equally successful with spriiig planted alfalfa as they have with that planted In the fall and some even more so, especially where the ground was prepared last fallW during the winter and. was In proper condition to make it grow successfully. I firmly believe that alfalfa will do more to help Georgia and the Georgia farmer on the road to success quicker than any one crop that can be planted. Therefore, I con not help but ad vocate the planting of this wonder ful crop and get it doing well over the state as quickly as possible. It has made Texas, Kansas, Alabama and many, other states rich in the sections wiere It has been grown. It will do the same thing for Geor gia the people will learn the con ditions and plant it properly and give the time and attention to it that it should have, as it will grow equally as well, if not better, most anywhere in the state of Georgia, where conditions are made favor able, which can be done as it will in any other state. Any piece of good land that was in peas last season and has been thoroughly broken during fall or early winter is now ready to prepare for alfalfa. By applying one to three tons of lime per acre, cut it in with a disk harrow and then broadcast one-half ton of commercial fertilizer per acre composed of 600 pounds of acid phosphate, 100 pounds of potash and 300 pounds of cotton seed meal. This should be disked id the soil and a fine seed bed made with disk and tooth harrow. Do not use a plow as the harrow will make the seed bed sufficiently deep and does not disturb the moisture that has already accumulated in the soil that was plowed deeply several months before planting. v When the fine seed jjed has been made at least fifty pounds of seed (?er acre should be sown two ways, and a tooth harrow follow the sowing of seed each way. The seed should he treated* ith Farmo Germ to thor oughly inoculate them. One bottle of Farmo Germ, which can be had of any seed dealer, will inoculate seed enough for one acre. Alfalfa will not start properly and do well if you leave off any of the ehings mentioned above. One of the great troubles in growing alfalfa is the growth of crab grass and weeds, which come from two causes. When green manure is used on land it makes a growth of weedr and grass, and it is best to plant land that has not been freshly manured for at least twelve months before planting with barnyard manure. Another thing, which has really been the cause of many failures in planting alfalfa where land has been deeply plowed previous to planting, turns up and will cause to germinate the tremendous growth of weeds and grass that nature has supplied to all soils, and deep plowing makes it possibly for these seed to germinate and often it will choke the alfalfa out before it gets a good start. This is one important reason why ground should be broken deeply several months before planting the seed. Another thing, it enables the ground to still pack together and fill up with moisture, which these plants must have to get started properly. / The dynamiting of land has been a discovery of feubsoiling and doing the work more perfectly than any plow can do it and avoid turning up the seed of both weeds and grass that have been so detrimental to the successful'starting of alfalfa. With several plots that I have seen planted it shows a big difference and shows that it is really the proper way to prepare land for the successful growing of alfalfa, but the dynamiting should be done during summer or early fall when it is dry, and not at this season of the year while the clay is filled with water, as it will do more harm than good if the land is wet. . Yours Very .truly, (To be Continued.) Feed Your Cotton What It Needs And feed it properly. That’s the only way to get big yields and large profits. Apply . Y irginia-Car olina High-Grade Fertilizers liberally before planting. Also make, during cultivation,’ second and third applications of V.-C. Fertilizers, and you can be sure of results if your farming methods have been proper. Our 1913 FARMERS’ YEAR BOOK or almanac tells you how to get more than a bale to the acre. It’s free. IW^^^BWiVirginia-Carolina Chemical Co. Box 1117 RICHMOND IB VIRGINIA The World’s Leading Farm Explosive Red Cross 20 % is not the same kind of dynamite used in ore v mining, tunnel work, etc., but a grade especially adapted to use on the farm. Its freezing point is much lower than that of ordinary dynamite, hence it requires none of dangerous thawing if the weather is warm enough to melt ice. It is exploded with difficulty, hence is the safest high explosive made. It is much cheaper than ordinary * nitroglycerin dynamite. Write for Farmers' Handbook No. 386 , and name of nearest dealer or blaster. Du Pont Powder Co., Pioneer Powder Makers of America Wilmington, Delaware Established 1802 be plowed under. If it is exposed to the air and sun much of the nitrogen will escape into* the air. If it is rained on, still a greater part off the strength will 'bfe lost. If plowed under at once there will be nothing- lost. As it is im possible to get enough manure to build up very much of our soil we have to use other methods. Another thing of much importance when building up a soil and in keeping it in shape after it is in good fertility is to sell off only ^uch crops or sub stances which contain little or no min eral matter. Let 'us not forget that starch, sugars, oils { and crude fiber contain no mineral matter. Of course, the farmer can not just always sell those things which contain no elements from the soil; but he can make it a rule to grow and sell only those things which contain the smallest amount of soil elements. For example, corn is very rich in starch and oils and low in protein. This means that the nitrogen and phosphate contained is olw. By grow ing cowpeas in the corn after the last cultiavtion and plowing them under with the stalks the soil becomes richer each year in nitrogen and humus. Also larger crops of corn can be grown each year, and at the same time your soil is becom ing better all the time. With the cotton crop the fiber is prac tically all from the air. The oil of the seed is also from the air; but the cot ton seed meal is high in nitrogen and phosphates and should not be sold from tlie place. It should be fed back to dairy cattle. Here again you sell the butt4r and cream. Butter fat contains no ash, so you are getting a product but of your cotton seed meal tha't con tains no nitrogen or mineral matter. The manure from the cow s must be plowed under. In 1,000 pounds of timothy there is only one pound of phosphorus. In 1,- 000 pounds of wheat (grain) there is 3.4 pounds of phosphorus. In 1,000 pounds of wheat straw there is 1 pound of phosphorus. In 1,000 pounds of corn meal there is 65 pounds of phosphorus. In building up soils it stands to reason that such crops that-remove the small est amounts of mineral matter .should be grown. One of the worst things that can be done is to grow animals for the market. Fried Potatoes “Cottolene” style Did you ever eat French Fried Potatoes made With Cottolene? If not, you’ve never eaten French Fried Potatoes at their best Cottolene makes them rich and crisp and appetizing, but never greasy. If you have been frying and shortening your food with butter, try Cottolene. It is every bit as good, at less than one-third the price. If you are using lard for short ening and frying, we would sim-1 ply suggest that Cottolene is! recognized and recommended by i leading physicians, domestic science authorities, and culi nary experts generally, as be ing more whole some, digestible and producing a better food. Cottolene is a vegetable pro duct-pure in source and making—and is bound to be bet ter and safer than lard. THE N. K. FAIRBANK COMPANY F. B. Rainey’s 4^ Acre Bean Field at Wauchula, Florida, netted $1,450, or $322.22 per acre. The same combination soil produced the thriv ing orange grove in the background. Southern farmers, truck growers and men who ^are interested in citrus fruit culture are turn ing to Wauchula, Florida—many of them are here now or on tne way—they’re studying records such as that of Mr. Rainey’s. They’re reading the proved results as shown by settlers’ letters in our literature. What impresses them most is the large num ber of successful groves here. Mr. F. B. Rainey’s experience is not at all unusual. Southerners see that Wauchula really has the soil that grows vegetables just as well as grape fruit. You know Southern conditions—you can easily see how you can make vegetables sup port you and pay for your land until your grove of grape fruit and orange trees comes into bearing. Some men here plant part of their tract to vegetables and put out trees on the rest. Others grow vegetables between the rows of trees. One man paid for his land with his first crop of vegetables. And as for grape fruit and oranges, the proved returns run from $3,000 to $8,000 and even $10,(K)0 a year. We can’t go into all details here. We do say come down here and we’ll show you the g°ods. Get our literature first and read what men here have done and are doing right now in Wauchula—not one, two or a dozen, but scores of happy, prosperous men who arc earning more for themselves and their families more than ever before. Don’t get the idea this is a wilderness. You’ll find numberless groves dotted over every part of this section. And as for general prosperity —why, four banks in Wauchula and the neigh boring towns of Zolfo and Bowling Green have total bank deposits of $500,000. Wauchula has 1,500 inhabitants—churches, an up-to-date schdol system, lodges, well-equipped and stocked stores. It’s a healthy place—good climate*—finest water you’ll find any place. Hunting and fishing nearby. We’d like to have you talk to the men here—get their opinions. Grape Fruit and Orange Growers at WAUCHULA, FLORIDA Will Tell You Their Incomes are $3,000, $5,000, $8,000 a Year You don’t need to be told what oranges and grape fruit will earn for you when conditions arfe right—and they certainly are perfect at Wauchula. The proof’s in the groves and the incomes. When you see men putting out more trees right along you know that they must be convinced, you know they must be successful. They stay in Wauchula because tney can’t equal their in comes elsewnere. What we say here you can verify by a trip to Wauchula. We have nothing to conceal. The more you investigate the better we like it, because the more certain you are to buy. Due man came down here and wouldn’t take our word for anything that he couldn’t see with his own eyes. He went over his tract with a post hole auger and took soil samples. What he saui of the richness and depth of the soil decided him in a nurry. He bought. So will you—especially when you learn that SOUTHERN BANKERS GUARANTEE That you’ll be satisfied—and that if you aren’t you’ll get your money back with 6 per cent interest. That’s a simple, straightforward, fair and square business proposition. And a sfcnall payment down and a dollar a month per acre pays for the land. Don’t forget that tnis company is composed of southerners whose records stand the closest scrutiny. The treasurer is Mr. Eugene Holt- WRITE NOW inger, a native of Eastern Tennessee, anJ 1 . for years a citizen yf Florida. He is President of the Florida Citrus Exchange. Our secretary, Mr. A. G. Smith,^is a native of Alabama, and our Vice President. Mr. A. Carlton, is a native Floridian, born and raised in the state. v You certainly should investigate an offer from such men. Get the literature on Wauchula—interesting, beautifully illustrated, TRUE. Read about the 28.000-mile trip that resulted in the discovery of this tract. Get the facts and f igures. We’ll tell you about everything—mod erate prices—easy terms—guarantee by bankers. We hold back no information. Now write. Just a letter or a postal. Address Wauchula Development Company Box 3502. WAUCHULA, FLA. Write at once or call on Cliff W. Ansley, Gen. Agent, 221 Atlanta National Bank Bldg., Atlanta. J J J f ^