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VOLUME XII.
ATLANTA, GA., FRIDAY, MARCH 7, 1913.
Not a Day of Triumph,
■But One of Dedication;
.. To Restore, Not Destroy,
Says Woodrow Wilson
JIM! FIIL3IIU0
ODDS OF GREKS
(FIFO HO SIEGE
New President and Vice-President of Our Country
The following the full text of President Wilson's in
augural address:
T HERE has been a change of government. It began two years ago,
when the house of representatives became Democratic by a de
cisive majority. It has now been completed. The senate about
to assemble will also be Democratic. The offices of president and vice
president have been put into the hands of Democrats. What does the
change mean? That is the question that is uppermost in our minds,
today. That is the question I am going to try to answer, in order, if 1
may, to interpret the occasion.
It means much more than the mere success of a party. The success,
of a party means little except when the nation is using that party for a
large and definite purpose. No one can mistake the purpose for which'
the nation now • seeks to use the Democratic party. It seeks to. use it
to interpret a change in its own plans and point of view. Some old
things with which we had grown familiar, and which had begun to creep
into the very habit of our' thought and of our lives, have altered their
aspect as we have latterly looked critically upop them, with fresh, awak
ened eyes; have dropped their disguises and Sown themselves alien and
sinister. Some new things, as we look frankly upon them, willing to
comprehend their real character, have come to assume the aspect of,
things long believed in and familiar, stuff of our own convictions. We;
have b?en refreshed by a now insight into our own life.
Wfe see that in many things that life is very great. It is incompar
ably great in its material aspects, in its body of wealth, in the diversity
and sweep of its energy, in the industries which have been conceived
and built up by the genius of individual men and the limitless enterprise
of groups of men. It is great, also, very great,- in its moral force. ‘
Nowhere else in the world have noble men and wom'en exhibited in more
striking forms the beauty and the energy of sympathy and helpfulness
and counsel in their efforts to rectify wrong, alleviate suffering, and
set the weak in the way of strength and hope. We have built up, more
over, a great system of government, which has stood through a long
age as in many respects a model for those who seek to set liberty upori
foundations that will endure against fortuitous change, against storm
and accident. Our life contains-every great thing, and contains it in
rich abundance.
» Much Fine Gold Has Been Corroded
But the eVil has come with the good, and much fine gold has been
corroded. -With riches has come inexcusable waste. We have squan
dered a great part of -what we might have used, and have not stopped
to conserve the exceeding bounty of nature, without which our genius
for" enterprise would have been worthless and impotent, scorning to
be careful, shamefully prodigal as well as admirably efficient. We have
been proud of our industrial achievements, but we have not hitherto
stopped thoughtfully enough to count the human cost, the cost of lives
snuffed out, of energies overtaxed and broken, the fearful physical and
spiritual cost to the men and women and children upon whom the dead
weight and burden of it all has fallen pitilessly the years through. The
groans and agony of it all had not yet reached our ears, the solemn, '
moving undertone of our life, coming up out of the mines and factories
and out of every home where the struggle had its intimate and familiar
seat. With the great government went many deep secret things which
we too long delayed to look into and scrutinize with candid,. fearless
eyes. The great government we loved has too often been made use of
for private and selfish purposes, and those who used it had forgotten
the people.
With This Vision We Approach New Affairs
At last a vision has been vouchsafed us of our life as a whole. We
see the bad with the good, the debased and decadent with the sound
and vital. With this vision we approach new affairs. Our duty is to
cleanse, to reconsider, to restore, to correct the evil without impairing
the good, to purify and humanize every process of ouy common life
without weakening or sentimentalizing' it. There has ‘ been something
crude and heartless and unfeeling in our haste to succeed and be great.
Our thought has been “Let every man look out for himself, let every
generation look out for itself,” while - e reared giant machinery which
made it impossible that any but those who stood at tne levers of
control should have a chance to look out for themselves. We had not
forgotten our morals. We remembered well enough that we had set
up a policy which was meant to serve the humblest as well as the most
powerful, with an eye single to the standards of justice and fair play,
and remembered it with pride. But we were very heedless and in a
hurry to be great.
We have come now to the sober second thought. The scales of
hdtdlessness have fallen from our eyes. We have made up our minds
to square every process of our national life again with the standards
we so proudly set up at the beginning and have always carried at our
hearts. Our won. is i. work of restoration.
Some Things Which Should Be Altered
We have itemized with some degree of particularity the things
that ought to be altered and here are some of the chief items: A tariff
which cuts us off from our proper part in the commerce of the world,
violates the just- principles of taxation, and makes the government a
facile instrument in the hands of private'interests; a banking and cur
rency system based upon the necessity of the government to sell its
bonds fifty years ago and perfectly adapted to concentrating cash and
restricting credits; an industrial system which, take it oh all its sides,
financial as well as administrative, holds capital in leading strings,
restricts the liberties and limits the opportunities of labor, and exploits
without renewing or conserving the natural resources of the country;
a body of agricultural activities never yet given the efficiency of great
business undertakings or served as it should be through the instru
mentality of science taken directly to the farm, or afforded the facilities
of credit best suited to its practical needs; water courses undeveloped,
waste places unreclaimed, forests untended, fast disappearing without
plan or prospect of renewal, unregarded waste heaps at every mine.
We have studied as perhaps no other nation has the most effective
means of production, but we have not studied cost or economy as we
should either as organizers of industry, as statesmen, or, as individuals.
Basis of Government Is Justice, Not Pity
Nor have we .studied and perfected the means by which govern
ment may be put at the service of humanity, in safeguarding the health
of the nation, the health jjf its men and its women and its children, as
well as their rights in the struggle for existence. This is no sentimental
duty. The firm basis of government is justice, not pity. These are
matters of justice. There can be no equality or opportunity, the first
essential of justice in the body politic, if men and women and children
be not shielded in their lives, their very vitality, from the consequences
of great industrial and social processes which they cannot alter, control,
or singly cope with. Society must see to it that it does not itself
crush or weaken or damage its own constituent parts. The first duty
of law is to keep sound the- society it serves. Sanitary laws, purs
food laws, and laws determining conditions of labor which Individuals
are powerless to determine for themselves are ‘intimate parts of tho
very business of justice and legal efficiency.
We Shall Restore, Not Destroy
These are some of the things we ought to do, and not leave the
others undone, the old-fashioned, never-to-be-neglected, fundamental
safeguarding of property and of individual right. This Is the hign
enterprise of the new day: to lift everything that concerns our life as\^
a nation to the light that shines from the hearthfire of every man’s
conscience and vision of the right. It Is inconceivable that we should
do this as partisans; it is inconceivable we should do it in ignorance
of the facts as they are or in blind haste. We shall restore, not destroy.
We shall deal with our economic system as it is and as it may be mod
ified, not as it might be if we had a clean sheet of paper to write upon;
and step by step we shall make it what it should be, in the spirit of
those Who question their'own wisdom and seek counsel and knowledge,
not shallow self-satisfaction or the excitement of excursions whituer
tney cannot tell. Justice, and only justice, shall always be our motto.
And yet it will be no cool process of mete science. The nation has
been deeply stirred, stirred by a solemn passion, stirred by the knowl
edge of wrong, of ideals lost, Of government too often debauched and
made an instrument of evil. The feelings with which we face this new
age of right and opportunity sweep across our heart-strings like some
air out of God’s own presence, where justice and mercy are reconciled
and the judge and the brother are one. We know our task to be no
mere task of politics but a task which shall search us through and
through, whether we be able to understand our time and the need of
our people, whether we be indeed their spokesmen and Interpreters,
whether we have the pure heart to comprehend and the rectified will
to choose our high course of action.
This is not a day of triumph; it is a day of dedication. Here muster,
not the forces of party, but the forces of humanity. Men’s hearts wait
upon us; men’s lives hang in the balance; men’s hopes call upon us to
say what we will do. Who shall live up to the great trust? Who dares
fail to try? I summon all honest men, all patriotic, all forward-looking
men, to my side.. Go-' helping me, I will not fail them, if they will but
counsel and sustain me!
Woodrow Wilson, Thomas Marshall, the
picture of the, official inauguration medal.
‘Court of Honor” in Washing where they were today inaugurated together, with a face and reverse
Democratic Caucus of U, S,
Senate Unanimously Votes
Georgian a Place on Most
Important Committee
(By Associated Press.)
WASHINGTON, March 6.-—The sen
ate caucus was resumed today to deter
mine upon a plan of reorganization
and for the reshaping of committees
that are to have charge of legislation
in the new congress.
Senator Kern, of Indiana, chasen
caucus chairman and majority leader in
yesterday’s session of the caucus, had
a long conference last night with Pres
ident Wilson and was prepared today
to discuss in some detail with his col
leagues the policies and plans of the
new administration.
Chairman Kern presented the follow
ing names of senators who are to com
pose the steering committee to make
up Democratic committee assignments,
and they were unanimously approved:
Senators Kern, Smith, of Georgia;
Clarke, of Arkansas; Chamberlain,
Owen, O’Gorman, Lea and Thomas, of
Colorado.,
Democratic leaders regard these se
lections as carrying a majority repre-
sentng the Progressive Democratic el
ement of the senate. .The committee
assignments they make will be pre
sented later to the Democratic caucus
for ratification.
DAIRYMEN SAY MILK IS
JOURNAL’S CABINET LIST
WAS A “WORLD SCOOP”
Wilson’s Cabinet Foretold Ac
curately and First by Ralph
Smith Last Monday
The confirmation Wednesday by the
senate of President Wilson’s cabinet
shows the personnel of that body to be
exactly as announced by Ralph Smith,
The Journal’s Washington correspon
dent, in the columns of The Journal on
Monday.
The announcement by Mr. Smith of
the definite slate was the first publica
tion of the complete cabinet and there
by gave to The Journal’s correspondent
the distinction of scoring a ‘scoop on
the world.” The Journal, exclusively,
printed the slate on Monday, and later
the same day the Associated Press dis
patches confirmed Mr. Smith’s slate in
every detail except the secretary of
agriculture.
On Tuesday, the day of the inaugura
tion, the Associated Press announced
definitely who would be in President
Wilson’s cabinet and it conformed in
every instance with the complete an
nouncement made by Mr. Smith on the
preceding day.
President Wilson announced Wednes
day that portfolios had been assigned
just as announced the day previous. The
senate’s confirmation of the appoint
ments, and the official announcement of
who they are, confirms Mr. Smith’s ex
clusive announcement in every edtail.
Insist Part of Blame for Ba
bies’ Deaths Must Be Put
* on Slatternly Nurses
Sickness and deat£ among children
were blamed to negligent mothers,
rather than to impure milk, by speakers
who addressed the gathering of dairy
men Thursday morning in the senate
chamber at the state Capitol.
A permanent association grew from
the meeting.
Dr. Claude Smith, city bacteriologist,
came in for sharp words from a ques
tioner, who wished to know why the
city health department "is forever put
ting blame upon the dairies and trying
to cut the throats of the. dairymen?”*
Milk and its effect upon children were
brought forward by Dr. Smith’s state
ment of the appalling numbers in which
children die.
"During last year,” he explained, "589
children under two years of age died in
Atlanta. As you know, the chief food
of these babies was milk. I don’t say
that all died from impure milk, of that
the fault was all or was chiefly that
of the dairymen. But some dairymen
were to blame.”
"But isn’t it a fact, too, that the
way their mothers leave them to the
care of nurses does much harm?” asked
J. T. Tuggle. |
“Undoubtedly,” agreed Dr. Smith.
"And isn't it true,” questioned S. F.
Plunkett, “that a great many babies
are left that way, while their mothers
ride around with pug dogs in their
laps?”
”1 can’t answer a question of that
sort," protested Dr. Smith.
And what does the health depart
ment know about the things that babies
cat while their mothers are away?” per
sisted Mr. Plunkett. “How can you or
anybody else tell what slovenly negro
nurses give them? And how do you
know that what they get to eat, then,
hasn’t caused more deaths than bad
milk?”
The questions were beginning to come
quicker and sharper, when the chairman
ruled this inquiry into the nature of
babies as an investigation that was be
yond the intention of the association,
and brought the dairymen back to the
means of keeping milk healthful.
But before the association grew quiet, !
J. C. Devore put further acrid questions
to Dr. Smith.
GABINET WILL BEAL OUT
Bryan’s Enemies Worried-The
President Declines to Dis
cuss Pie With Senators
BY RALPH SMITH.
WASHINGTON, March 6.—Squarinfi
his action by his word, President Wil
son today declined to take up the ques
tion of pationage with Senators Fletcher
and Bryan, of Florida, who called at
the White House, to recommend the
appointment of a United States mar
shal and a district attorney for the
southern district of Florida. The pres
ident referred them to the department
of justice and will rely upon the rec
ommendation of Attorney General Mc-
Reynolds.
The Florida senators were cordially
received by the president and were not
at all offended by his action. Thy left
the White House in the best of humor,
with the statement that they had ’found
President Wilson a most democratic
gentleman.
In the statement he issued yesterday,
the president’s statement declared “it
is his intention to deal with appoint
ments through the heads of the several
executive departments,” and in refer
ring the Florida senators to the Attor
ney General, he simply suited his ac
tion to this utterance.
While President Wilson’s attitude
with reference to patronage is generally
approved, there are persons who be
lieve that he may experience difficulty in
living up to it squarely. Those who
know Mr. Wilson* however, are confi
dent he will find a way and that the
cabinet offices will dispense most of
the patronage. The president’s atti
tude magnifies the importance and re
sponsibilities of his cabinet as few
other things could have done.
THAW CARRIED BACK
TflMATTEUi ASYLUM;
Writ of Habeas Corpus Sud
denly Withdrawn by His
Attorney
(By Associated Press.)
NEW YORK, March 6.—With Harry
K. Thaw in court, the writ of habeas cor
pus obtained in his behalf was sudden
ly . withdrawn at the request of his
counsel today. No explanation was of
fered.
The slayer of Stanford White, was
brought down to New York from Mattea-
wan today and appeared in the supreme
court to fight for his release on a writ
of habeas corpus, a proceeding in which
he has been defeated on several pre
vious occasions. , He was represented
by Dr. Charles Kennedy, a lawyer-phy
sician. William Travers Jerome ap
peared for the state.
Subsequently it was explained that
the move was made because Dr. Charles
Kennedy, the lawyer who obtained the
writ for Thaw had been denied the
privilege of consulting privately with
his client at Matteawan and for this
reason was not ready to go ahead with
the case.
Thaw was taken back to the asylum
and the right of his lawyers to see him
In private there will be thrashed out
in court.
Three Squadrons of Greek;
Cavalry Under Command off
General Souzo Enter Fort-i.
ress at 9 o’clock Thursday'
NORMAN MACK URGED
FOR POST IN AUSTRIA
PARCEL POST CHIEF TO
JOIN EXPRESS COMPANY
NEW CABINET IN FIRST
Wilson's Official Family Will
Hold Its First Formal
Meeting
(By Associated Press.)
WASHINGTON*, March 6.—President
Wilson’s cabinet was scheduled to meet
formally today for the first time. The
conference yesterday was held before
the nominations were sent to the senate
and the meeting had no official stand
ing.
No provision had been made today for
Vice President Marshall, although Pres
ident Wilson has been quoted as saying
that he saw no reason why the vice
president should notTsit with the offi
cial family.
Chief Clerk of Postoffice De
partment Quits for An
other Place
(By Associated Press.)
■WASHINGTON, March 6.—George G.
Thompson, chief clerk of the postdflice
department, who did much of the execu
tive work of organizing the parcel post,
resigned today to become general pur
chasing agent of the United States Ex
press company.
Charles A. Lutz, chief examiner of
carriers’ accounts for the interstate
commerce commission, resigned to be
come comptroller of the same company.
Their employment is part of a plan, it
was said, for a general reorganization
of the executive staff of the express
company. Other companies are said to
be planning similar changes to meet the
new requirements which will be im
posed as a result of the interstate com
merce commission’s recent investigation
of their rates and practices.
(By Associated Press.)
WASHINGTON, March 6.—Severa\
members of the Demochatic national
comittee are urging upon President Wil
son the appointment of Norman B.
Mack, of Buffalo, N. Y., former chair
man of the committee as ambassador to
Austria. Mr. Mack is a candidate and
enjoys the friendship of Secretary
Bryan.
(By Associated Press.)
ATHENS, March 6.—The Turkish for-V
tress of Janina, key to the European
of Epirus province, with its garrison of
32,000 men surrendered to the Greek;
army today after a defense which stands
out as one of the most brilliant episodes
of the Balkan war.
The surrender was preceded by a fierce!
bombardment continuing two days and
nights. Every available gun, including j
heavy howitzers, lent by the Servian ]
artillery, was brought to bear upon the]
forts defending the beleaguered city, i
Thirty thousand shells were fired byl
the Greek guns during the first day’s’
cannonade. Gradually the Turkish bat-j
teries at Bizani, Manoll, Sakni and else-■
where were silenced.
The Greek commanders, by a feint,
led the Turks to believe that their at
tack would be made from the right.,
As soon as the attention of the defend-'
ers had been distracted the Greeks hurl-*
ed large bodies of infantry onto the'
Turkish left. The Ottoman troops, ut
terly surprised, fell back in disorder. !
Batteries on the heights of Bizani,
the mainstay of the defense, had been
unable to stand the pelting of the shells
and "were reduced to complete silence
at 11 o’clock yesterday morning.
^ The Greeks pushed their forward
movement during the afternoon and oc
cupied the Turkish batteries on the
Sakni and Elas hills, capturing all the
guns and 110 artillerymen. Then the
Greek battalions gradually deployed on
to the plain in front of the city it
self.
The Turkish flight immediately be
came general. The whole detachment
succumbed to panic and joined in a
mad race into the city. The Greek
troops* followed almost to the walls.
With all the defending batteries in
the hands of the Greeks and the hellenic
soldiers at the gates of Janina, Essaad
Pasha, Turkish cornmnder, at 6 o’clock
this morning sent messengers to Crown
Prince Constantine, of Greece, an
nouncing the surrender of the city and
all the troops under his command.
The fall of Janina was announced by
the crown prince to the Greek war of
fice.
Wild enthusiasm reigned in the
streets of Athens on announcement of
the news. All houses were decorated
with flags. Excited people thronged thfe
thoroughfares singing the Greek na
tional anthem. %
The Greek advance on Janina began
late in October. The Turks retired
rapidly before their opponents, and op
erations around the fortress opened
about the beginning of December. The
attack continued with varying success
even during the period of the armistice,
to which the Greeks never formally
agreed.
Several of the outlying forts fell be
fore the Greek assaults, and the attack
on the principal fortifications was grad
ually pressed home.
Untrimmed Democrat
Gets First Hair Cut
As Hundreds Look On
ICE FAMINE DUE
DURING SUMMER
NEW YORK, March 6.-—With spring
almost at hand the New* York ice com
panies report that less than one-sixth of
the normal cut of three million tons of
ice for the metropolis has been harvest
ed. Relief depends wholly upon the
state of Maine, where the ice companies
are concentrating all their forces to
minimize the shortage as much as pos
sible. At best, however, it is declared
the city probably* will be short 1,000,000
tons.
100 REMAINS CHIEF
FOR PRESENT ANYHOW
ORLANDO, Fla., March 6.—Code Hill,
an aged resident of Orlando, yesterday
had his first haircut in more than six
teen years. During the campaign of 1896,
he made a pledge to allow his hair to
grow untrimmed until a Democrat be
came president of the United States.
An echo of the Wilson inaugural fes
tivities at Washington attended the
operation of clipping Hill’s flowing
locks, which was performed in a band
stand on the public square. Scores of
townsfolk asembled for the event', and
cheered a speech by Hill, in which ho
declared that the pleasure of parting
with his locks was not half so welcome
as tho assurance that the country was
at last to *enjoy Democratic prosper
ity.
HAD PLATE IN SKULL
FOR GROWING HORNS?
(Special Dispatch to The Journal.)
THOMASVILLE, Ga., March 6.—Joe
Wright, a negro, was operated on in the
city hospital here Wednesday for the
removal from his skull of a sliver plate,
which, according to hils narrative, had
been inserted by a noted doctor for
the purpose of attaching horns to 1J.
For additional Inau-
gu ration news see
pages 2 and 3.
AVIATOR IS KILLED;
PLUNGES 5,000 FEET
SALISBURY Plain. England, March
6.—Geoffrey England, a British air
man, fell 5,000 feet from his mono
plane here today and was instantly
killed-
Secretary of War Garrison In
structs Him to Continue
Until Further Orders
(By Associated Press.)
WASHINGTON, March 6.—Secretary
of War Garrison today instructed Major
General Wood to continue under his
original designation as chief of staff of
the army until further orders. The
purpose of Secretary Garrison’s action
was to enable President Wilson to have
time fully to consider the question of a
permanent designation.
“THE HALF-GOD”
A charming story by Albert
Dorrington, author of “The
Radium Terrors,” “The Chil
dren of the Cloven Hoof,”
etc., will start
Tuesday, March 11
and be printed in each issue
o( The Semi-Weekly Journal.
“The Half-God” is a story
of tremendous human inter
est, and is altogether worth
while from start to finish. It’s
just the thing to while away
a half hour each afternoon.
Get started with the story
Tuesday!
Renew your subscription
today, so you will get the
whole story.