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\ f THE ATLANTA SEMI-WEEKLY JOURNAL, ATLANTA, GA., TUESDAY, APRIL 29, 1912 Agriojlti/rai "LUEducation SuccslssfUl Farming \ SSE # .&ND&EW F[. &0VLE % ■*£s This department will cheerfully endeavor to jurnisn any information. Letters should be addressed to Dr. Andrew M. Soule, president Stats Agricultural Colleac, Athens, Oa. BREAK THE CRUST, IF YOU WANT GOOD CROPS! T HE readiness with which land crusts accounts for one of the greatest difficulties met with in securing a 1 uniform stand of any crop which may be planted. Unless a satisfactory stand is obtained the yield will be materially re duced. ' For instance, presuming that 4,000 stalks of corn are grown on an acre of land and there are enough "skips” to reduce the number to 3,000, it is easy to see that with an eight ounce ear produc ed on each stalk, the yield of corn has been cut down by at least nine bushels per acre. Did you ever go out in the corn or cotton field and count the num ber of “skips” and figure out the per centage of loss from a failure to secure a perfect stand? If ,you have not done so, take the first opportunity to verify for yourself the conservative nature of the estimate made with reference fo one of the great sources of loss on the av erage farm. It is true that the seed may be to blame for the poor stand obtained. Naturally, .every farmer should test his seed with great care and if'its standard of germination is low he should either discard it altogether or seed in a man ner sufficiently liberal to insure a per fect stand. In spite of his'best endeav ors, however, i*he stand may be greatly reduced through no fault of the seed. The less vegetable matter there Ts in the soil, the more quickly it tends to crust and form a hard surface which is practically impervious to the rising stems of young plants." While the plant will do its best to break through the crust, an examination will often show that the stem has been turned over and has run along under the surface of it in an attempt to break through. An inspec tion of either a corn or cotton field will often show the crust thrown up and broken at . various places because of the massing together of the young plants through unusually thick planting. You may count on the crop doing its part, but unaided it can not overcome the tough crust which naturally form, es pecially on clay lands after a heavy rain followed by a hot sun and a drying wind. Sonic have suggested that thick planting should be followed with an idea of overcoming this difficulty. This is not only -wasteful of seed, but puts the farmer to the expense of thinning his crop with hand labor, and moreover, it is ineffective in many instances as a lit tle observation will soon demonstrate. What should be done, therefore, to overcome this great menace to the se curing of a perfect stand and the har vesting of a maximum crop? The crust must be broken, and this must be done just as soon as the ground is Sufficiently dry to admit of stirring after every rain. No matter how frequently these rains occur, the farmer can well afford , to keep the crust broken, for the fact that it prevents t*he proper germination. Of his Sec-d is only one of the evil influences it .exerts pn hie land and consequently upon crop yield. For the purpose of breaking the crust there is nothing bet- cheaper than batter Better than lard Coltolene is better than butter ot lard for frying because it can be heated about 100 degrees higher without burning or smok ing. This extreme heat instantly cooks the outer surface, and forms a crust which prevents the absorption of fat. Fry fish with Coltolene and it will never be greasy, but crisp and appetizing enough to make your mouth water. Cottoleue is more economical than lard; costs no more, and goes one-third farther than either butter or lard. You are not practicing econ- • omy if you are not using Cot- folene in your kitchen. Gotioiene is never sold in bulk—al ways in air - tight tin. pails, which pro tect it from dirt, dust and odors. It is always uniform and dependable. THE N. K. FAIRBANK COMPANY ter than one of tllfc heavier types of wheeled weeders. Of course, any imple ment may be used which will do the work effectively. Many of those on the market and some which farmers manu facture at homg and attempt to use are often ineffective because they are too light, and unless the work is don© thor oughly well, little is accomplished and much time and effort wasted. A smooth ing harrow may be used to advantage.on many farms, especially on large seeded crops like corn and cotton. In that event the teeth should be set back at an angle 6 fabout 45 degrees. As a matter of fact the harrow or the weeder pro vides the farmer with the cheapest and most satisfactory implements for culti vating both corn and cotton during the early stages of its growth. If cotton is planted on ridges the harrow' can not be used to anything like as good advantage as the weeder, and a w’heeled weeder ad justed to different elevations is particu larly valuable for use on cotton for ob vious reasons. Getting the crop out of the ground is the big proposition, and when this is done and a uniform stand secured, the farmer should then turn his effort to the making of the crop. The crust which forms.on the soil after every rain hinders the growth of any crop, and it does much more serious damage than we are inclined to believe. Naturally it forms a series of open pores on the surface of the ground. Any one who has compacted a little area of soil has noticed how quickly it becomes moist. This shows that the water in the soil is constantly moving towards the sur face, drawn by the action of the sun’s rays} and assisted, no doubt, by the puipping up of moisturqr from below through the functional activity of the roots of growing crops. If this mois ture is lost into the air, the crop re ceives no benefit therefrom, but is de prived of the soil salts from which it derives its food. Therefore, the mois ture which falls as rain must be stored as completely in the soil as possible and held there for the use of crops. Just as long as crusts are allowed to form on the land, water is dissipated into the air and no doubt some of the nitrogen is volatilized* in this way which would otherwise* be assimilated by the plant and help to keep it in a vigorous grow ing condition throughout the season. The crust must therefore be kept broken at all times and as late into the grow ing season as practicable. Every farm er who follows this method will add materially to the yield of his crop and will stimulate its growth by reason of keeping the water in the soil and aid in bringing into solution the plant food contained therein that it may be the more readily assimilated by the crop. To stop cultivation early in the season is suicidal in nin£ cases out of ten. It is seldom that the corn or cotton makes too vigorous a growth, and even if it d#es it must have an abundance of mois ture and food in order to mature the crop. Cotton sheds very frequently be cause so many bolls have set on that the plant cannot feed them properly, and certainly it cannot feed them if the land is allowed to 'trust and the mois ture which should go to help sustain and nourish the plant is allowed to es cape directly into the air. The corn is making as heavy a draft on the food elements of Cue soil probably when it is silking and tasseling than at any other period of its growth. Therefore, the moisture should be saved through the breaking of the crust. When this is done a dust mulch is formed. This acts just like a stopper in a bottle. The moisture rises up against it and is held very near to the surface of the soil, where the feeding roots of the plant can quickly utilize it. It makes no difference whether the land be clay or sand, the dust mulch should be main tained uniformly throughout the grow ing season. It is money in the farmer’s pocket to do it. Millions of dollars may i be added to the crop values of Georgia ' this year by keeping the crust broken I and preserving a uniform dust mulch. * a * SPRAYING PEACH AND APPLE TREES. C. J. i\, Rail Ground, Ua., writes: I linve four hundred apple trees and the same number of peach trees which I want to. ! spray. I want to know what kind of chemi- I cals and the quantities to get, and how to | prepare them and when to use them for the i various diseases to which these trees are subject. application. For San .Tose scale and lice spray the same as above. The apple should be sprayed for the bitter rot with the self-boiled sulphur or Bor deaux mixture. This should be applied before the buds open and frequently thereafter until the fruit is ripe. For rust spray with Bordeaux mixture and spray just before the blossoms open, as the petals fall and two weeks later. For tile brown rot of peach spray with the self-boiled lime sulphur mixture. If. should be applied three weeks after the calyxes fall and three weeks later. Arsenate of lead may be added to com bat the curculio. Kerosene emulsion is prepared as follows: Heat one gallon of water and shave a pound and a half of hard soap into it. Dissolve the soap well and peur a quart of kerosene oil into the mixture and churn about half an hour. This should be diluted before using to about a 7 per cent solution by adding 12 1-2 gallons of water. Arsenate of lead is prepared by dis- ■ solving two pounds of this material j in a small amount of water, and then adding enough water to bring the i quantity up to fifty gallons. The self-boiled lime sulphur spray | is made by taking 24 pounds of sul phur and adding sufficient water to make a. paste. Dilute the paste to about five gallons and pour the whole 21 pounds of unslaked lime and permit the mixture to boil. The barrel should be covered wtih an old sack while the boiling process is in progress. When the mixture is well tinged a yellowish red color which will occur in ten to fifteen minutes, dilute to 150 gallons and strain. Bordeaux mixture is made by dis solving three pounds of copper sul phate in water. Slake six pounds of lime by adding water slowly. Pour the sulphate into a barrel containing thirty gallons of water. Add the milk of lime slowly with sufficient water to make fifty gallons. Materials for making these sprays may be obtained from any large drug store. You will probably want suffi cient quantity to pay you to buy them at wholesale. * * * STARTING ALFALFA ON GRAY LAND. G. S. P.. l.awrencevtile. (la., writes: I have a three-acre patch of rich gray soil I want to get started in alfalfa. It has been in Bermuda for several years, but I have gotten the most of it out. Will the Bermuda interfere with the starting of the alfalfa? Would it be wise to sow alfalfa at this season or wait until fall? Is stable manure a good fertilizer for this crop ? * GOOD MONEY IN TRUCK FARMING FOR MARKET HOW ROCK PHOSPHATE WAS MADE AVAILABLE Sow the Bermuda sod about which you inquire down to cowpeas or velvet beans just as soon as practicable. Turn these under early in September. Then apply at least’' two tons of the finely pulverized lime rock per acre. Top. dress the soil liberally with a good coating *of well rotted yard manure; ten to fif teen tons per acre will not be too much to uscN Work the manure into the soil well with a disk harrow by cross disk ing. The manure may be put on shortly after the lime is applied. Allow at least two weeks to elapse between the application of the lime and the seeding of the alfalfa. When you seed the al falfa apply a formula containing 10 per cent of phosphorus, 3 per cent of nitro gen and 6 per cent of potash. Use it at the rate of 1,000 pounds per ^cre. Broadcast it over the soil and mix well with the surface of the ground. Sow twenty pounds of recleaned alfalfa seed without a cover crop. Bermuda grass will crowd alfalfa out. One of the worst enemies of alfalfa is crab grass.’ You should make an effort, therefore, to thoroughly free your land of this pest before sowing the alfalfa. The use of the lime is supposed to help check the development of the crab grass. * * * PLANTING PEANUTS IN AN ORCHARD. J. T\ M., Macon, Ga., writes: I intend to plant imported large Spanish peanuts among my pecan, peach and plum trees. Will land plaster he a substitute for lime? I want to use 200 to MOO pounds per acre, and as I do not need a carload it seems difficult to secure. Will it be necessary to inoculate the soil for peanuts? mrnma Fish Bite Like Hungry Wolves. Fill vour Nets Traps or Trot Lines if you bait with MAGIC-FISH-LURE. Best bait ever used for attraeting K all kinds of fish. Write for price k list to-day and get a box to help *, introduce it. Agents wanted. J. F. GREGORY, Dept. 2, St. Louis, Mo. The apple should be sprayed for aphides or lice when the insects are discovered. Use kerosene emulsion. For the codling moth use arsenate of lead and spray when the petals fall and again seven weeks later. If badly infested with San Jose sjeale use the concentrated or boiled lime sulphur. It should be applied once in November and once in February. Never spray with this mixture while the trees are in leaf. Peach trees should be sprayed for the plum cuyculio with arsenate of lead tilize- luring the process of planting. We think you will find it desirable to use under peanuts about a 0-1-5. The minimum application should be 500 to 600 pounds per acre. Two or three hun? dred pounds of lime will not be of much benefit in our judgment, and we do not think that sulphate of lime will be sat isfactory to use pn peanuts. Where only a sfnall amount of lime is needed and you cannot afford to buy in carload lots, you can probably buy at retail of. some dealer situated in your city or you could use builders’ lime, and al though it will cost you considerably more than the crushed rock, we are in- just as the calyxes or shucks are shed ding and again about three weeks later. Arsenate of lead may be added to Bor deaux mixture for. the second and third TOP DRESS and SIDE DRESS Your Cotton, Corn and Staple Crops With NITRATE OF SODA THE QUICKLY AVAILABLE AMMONIATE Exceedingly rainy weather has delayed the planting of Cotton. The delay can be overcome, and the crop insured by using NITRATE OF SODA Obtain from your dealer, or from our nearest office TITRATE AGENCIES COMPANY Cftizens Bank Bldg. Norfolk, Va.* Savannah Bank Bldg. Savannah, G a. Gravier St. New Orleans, La. 102 Pearl St. New York Excellent locations for starting mixed farming and engaging in hog raising may be found in any part of the state of Georgia. Where one gets very close to town the prie%. of land will likely be unusually high, but at a reasonable distance from town, small areas of land can be leased, bought or rented at a fair figure. The rent per acre will vary any where from $3 to $5 depending on the location. In some instances you may have to pay a higher price for an ex ceptionally desirable area of land. The size of the farm will depend altogeth er on the nature of the business you propose to undertake. Forty acres of good land will keep one man and two mules extremely busy. A good sized farm will be 160 acres. On this you would employ two or three men and In planting peanuts in your fruit and nut plantations, you should lay off the ground so as not to bring the rows too close to the trees. Then wo would ad vise you to scatter broadcast 1,000 pounds of lime per acre. This should bq put on ten days before you use any fertilizer. Prepare the ground and plant the peanuts and apply the fer- clined to think^ you can get it cheaper in the long run than to try and buy several tons of the pulverized rock and have it shipped. We do not think you will find it necessary to inoculate the soil for peanuts. At least it has not been so in our experience and we do not think commercial growers find it nec essary in the great majority of cases. If you deem it advisable to inoculate, you can secure an artificial culture through any seed house in your city with full directions how to use. * * * TREATMENT OF A COLD. J. M. D., Wellington, Ala., writes: I have a young mule just shipped from Ten nessee that will not oat his food. I give him corn on the ear and oars; also corn and cob crushed; also fodder and peavine \ hay. Any Information you ealn give me will be appreciated. The chances are that your mule which you have recently secured from Tennessee is suffering from what is known as shipping fever unless he has become infected with diseased germs in transit. Mules shipped long distances become very tired and much depressed by reason of the excitement to which they are subjected. There is a tend ency to produce constipation and some times the secretion of urine is not properly maintained. We would sug gest that you give a moderate purga tive. using either oil or Epsom salts. If the kidneys move freely no other treatment is needed; if not, th£ use of a tablespoonful of saltpetre twice daily to stimulate the kidneys will be found helpful and would tend to remove any dropsical-like swellings which may have appeared. Wes would cut out the corn and oats and give the mule green feed in moderate quantities and use bran mashes for several days. We believe he will shortly regain his equilibrum under this treatment. Tf not, a tonic Condition powder should be used for a few days. After the animal becomes acclimated you may return to the ration you are now feeding. * * * WANTS TO INVEST IN GEORGIA LAND. II. M. C., New York, writes: I am con sidering buying or renting a farm in tlie Millth jud starting mixed farming and bog raising. What section would you recom mend for such a project? How large a farm would be necessary to make it a pay ing proposition? About what rent would be asked for such a place, also the approximate • price per acre? Are fertilizers necessary to good crops? What are the best paving crops to raise on a small scale? Does hog cholera prevail in Georgia? Is there a good market lor hogs? There is a great deal of difference between truck farming as a side line and truck farming as a general crop. Thus the farmer who grows a few va rieties of garden crops along with his general crops is not in the least de pendent on the truck crops. In growing a few garden crops for the market, we recommend the follow ing: sweet potates, water melons, musk melons, snap beans, and onions. While there are various other vegetables which are equally as good for market, but not equal in yield. Every man should de termine which crops sell the best In hfs section and whether the soil is suit able for them. The sweet potato crop for early mar ket is one of the crops that will pay well. In order to have early' potatoes it is necessary to protect the plants during their earlier stages. This can be done by covering the bed with moat any kind of straw. In case the plants fall to do well it will pay to buy slips for the first setting. The sweet potato is one of the plants which the average farmer makes a mistake in cultivating by making the hills too high, and pro duce long, crooked potatoes for the mar ket, where short, large potatoes are de sired. To grow potatoes suitable for market, the ground should 'not be plowed too deep, or ridged. In the fur rows for making lists, scatter about 325 pounds per acre of good fertilizer Ma nures that contain a high per cent, of nitrogen should not be used as it tends to make a rank growth of top. There are many varieties, but the best for home market are the Norton yam and Jewell yam. Time for digging begins when the potatoes are the size of a teacup. Care must be taken not to injure the plant in digging- and it will produce another crop. It is quite ea&y to get 40 cents per peck for them during August and September. The watermelon crop is important lor the following reasons: Large yields are obtained with comparatively small amount of cultivation, and can usually be used to advantage on the farm for feeding purposes if there is no demand for them on the market. For early melons sandy soil is best, but low land is good for the late crop. Old land which has been laying out for several years is especially favor able for melons. After the ground is checked off and the holes dug two or three shovels full of well rotted manure and a hand full of fertilizer should be mixed thoroughly with the soil. Watermelons should be cultivated fre quently before the vines run too much. It is not best to move the vines in order to cultivate close to the plant. Muskpielons are cultivated very much like watermelons, and the same meth ods will also apply to them. They al ways find ready market. Snap beans grown early or late will usually be in demand. They are easily grown at small cost and occupy the ground but a short while. Beans should not be fertilized very heavy, as they are inclined to “burn.” Stable manure or high grade fertilizer will answer well for the needs of the bean. If the seasons are favorable so as to get a good crop in late fall a ready market will be found at splendid prices. Onions are protable for markekt, be cause they keep well and can be mar keted all times of the year. Then, too, another advantage, like the sweet pota toes, onions can be grown year after year on the same ground if it is well fertilized each year. A sandy loam is best for onions. There are two kinds of onions, fall and spring varieties. The fall variety should be planted in October. The rows should be elevated slig4itly above the surface of the ground. This is protection against heavy rains. Keep the ground clean till Winter sets in and cultivation should begin in February. This crop will be ready for' market in March. The cultivation for the fall crop will apply to the spring crop. This crop should be marketed in fall and winter. Marketing truck crops is one of the most important parts of the work. The farmer could not hope to prot in truck ing if his produce is not of such qual ity to demand a good price. Where the farmer is so located that he can carry his vegetables to market every morning he should gather all the vegetables and pack them ready for piarket the evening before. Start out early in the morning so as to sell out while the vegetables are fresh. They will sell much better than in the mid dle of the day when they have dried out. As to the customers, never allow them to pick over the produce. They not only pick out the be#t. but dam age the rest by moving. They often will try to get you to cut prices by- saying they can buy cheaper some where else. Never waste time with such people. In order to keep good customers don’t disappoint them by failing to deliver what they want oh time. This will soon spoil a good trade.—Home and Farmstead. HARVESTER TRUST PROBE MOVES TO SIOUX CITY KANSAS CITY, April 26.—The tak ing uf testimony at Kansas City in the government* anti-trust proceedings against >the International Harvester company, was concluded today. Robert S. Taylor, special examiner for the government, government attorneys and attorneys representing the International company will go to Sioux Falls, S. D. to take evidence of implement dealers in that territory regarding competition in the selling of agricultural imple ments. At the conclusion of hearings here, C. C. Donnellan, general agent for the International Harvester com pany at Topeka, testified that in the five years he has been associated with the International company he has never spoken to an implement agent about the handling of International goods to i the exclusion of those manufactured j by any other company. He declared. ; however, that he knew a clause cov- j ©ring this point was contained at one j time in contracts which agents had j signed for him. (By Cyril G. Hopkins, University of Illi nois.) Widespread publication has been given during recent months to certain results of experiments (conducted by the Rhode Island experiment station), which tend to discourage the use by- farmers of fine ground raw rock phosphate. This mate rial is a natural fertilizer in w-hich the element phosphorus can be purchased for about one-tenth of its cost in the more common and more highly manufac tured so-called “complete” fertilizers. All of the long-continued field experi ments agree in showing that raw phos phate is by far the most profitable and, economical form of phosphorus to use in rational systems of general farming; but they also show that the most satis factory- results are secured when condi tions are provided under which the phasphorus is made available; and the best condition under which to use the raw phosphate is to apply it in intimate connection with decaying organic ma nures, such as farm manure, clover, or other green manures. The experiments referred to consisted in mixing raw phosphate with fresh cow dung and . allowing the mixture to stand in closed bottles or loosely covered pans in a dark cellar for about nine months. At the end of this time it was found that the availability of the phos phorus was not markedly- greater than when first mixed with the dung, and this fact has been spread abroad by- fertil izer interests in a way- to discredit the use of raw phosphate, whereas the ac tual culture experiments conducted with these materials showed that the raw phosphate increased by 30 per cent the effect of the “pan” dung as compared with the increase in yields when dung alone was used. The “bottle” dung gave poorer results than that which had been exposed to the action of air in the pans, but in both cases the average results show distinctly increased yields due to the raw phosphate. The fact is that the early fermenta tion of manures is alkaline in reaction, while during the later stages of decom position acidity develops, and it is the acidity which aids in the solution of raw phosphate; but under the conditions no acidity had developed at the end of the nine months. More extensive investigations by the Wisconsin experiment station support the results of other investigators in showing an appreciable decrease in the solubility of phosphorus during the ear ly stages of fermentation, both of ma nure alone and of manure and phos phate mixtures, not only with raw phos phate, but also with acid phosphate, ow ing to temporary use of phosphorus as food for bacteria; also show that the de crease reaches a minimum, after which iriforease in solubility occurs, although the maximum in them that “so far as pot experiments indicate conditions in field practice, the final results from mix ing rock phosphate with fermenting ma nure appear to be advantageous.” Rut for the most positive and con clusive information, we must turn to those valuable field experiments of the Ohio experiment station, conducted by Director Charles E. Thorne during the past sixteen years. As an average of all crops harvetesd the yields have been practically the same whether the phos phorus was applied in raw phosphate or in acid phosphate costing twice as much money, although supplying only half as much phosphorus. A recent Ohio bulletin (No. 246), by Ames and Gaither, reports that the plowed soil of an acre of 2,000,000 pounds weight contains as an average 6 pounds of available phosphorus (solu ble in weak nitric acid) where the land has been unfertilized, 5.8 pounds where “complete” fertilizers have been used, 8.9 pounds where manure alone has been applied, 11.7 pounds where manure and acid phosphate have been added, and HABERSHAM COUNTY WILL BE SURVEYED Physical Surveys of Soils Are Made in Nine Counties (Special Dispatch to The Journal.) ATHENS, Ga., April 26.—It has been determined that Habersham county will T j the next county to be subjected to a soil survey by the Georgia State Col lege of Agriculture in co-operation with tl-e bureau of soils of the United States department of agriculture. This will be the first soil survey in the famous apple growing territory, and it is be lieved that it will have important bear ing upon the possibilities of apple cul ture on soils of that section. Physical surveys have been made of Ben Hill, Troupe, Chattooga. Dough erty, Jones and Stewart counties, while the work of surveying Miller, Jeff Da vis and Talbot is nearing completion. A chemical analysis has been made of Ben Hill and a similar work has been about completed for Dough' - i-ty. This is being done at the college of agriculture. A bulletin o*. the survey of Ben Hill county prepared by \V- A. Worsham, professor of agricultural chemistry of the college of agicrulture, is now on the press to be issued in a few days. MANILA ALARMED OVER RETURN OF THE PLAGUE WASHINGTON, April 26.—Alarmed at the reappearance of the bubonic plague in Manila, five victims of the scourge having died in that city this year, the Manila board of health has employed fifty additional rat catchers to rid the city of disease-spreading ro dents, according to reports received to day by the United States public health service. “It is of interest to observe,” says the public health service report, “that the increase in the rat infection corre sponds to the increase of the number of plague cases in such typical plague centers as Hong Kong, for instance.” Several plague infected rats were found in Manila, most of them in store houses, containing wines packed in straw imported from Japan, mostly from Osaka. In this especial Japanese city, the report declares, the plague is more or less constantly present. Reports from the service surgeons in Hawaii and Porto Rico announce that of all rats and mongoes captured and examined, not one was found to be bearing the infection. ATHENS VETERANS HEAR ADDRESS BY EVANS ATHENS, Ga., April 26.—Memorial day is being properly observed here today, the orator being Lawton B. Evans, of Augusta. The parade will be the largest in years. In addition to organizations and the cadets of the university, there will be some seventy Boy Scouts in the line of march. 36.1 pounds where the fine-ground raw rock phosphate has been applied in con nection with manure. The data from the analysis of the soils after many years of farming un der these different systems strongly support a suggestion “that nitrogen must limit the crop yields” in these ex periments, and that the plots receiving the raw phosphate (and containing more phosphorus, now in available form) would probably outyield the plots re ceiving acid phosphate, “if more clover were plowed under or if more manure were returned so as to remove the ni trogen limit.” ) 140 COUNTIES HAVE BOYS’ CORN CLUBSl Have Twenty-eight'- Counties Girls' Clubs Or ganized (Special Dispatch to The Journal.) ATHENS, Ga. April 25.—Practicallyl complete returns of the enrollment ofl Boys’ Corn clubs and ^Girls’ clubs, re-| ceived at the Georgia State College ofl Agriculture, reveal that practicallyl 10,000 boys are enlisted and 2,500 girls.I As many as 140 counties have corn I organizations and 28 have Girls’"clubs. I Larger enrollments could have beenl obtained in both had the College thel men and the meails to have seized thel opportunities. For instance, in thel Girls' club work, 15 counties had placedl requests for the services of Miss Mary I Creswell, the organizer, that had to bel refused because of her inability to reachl them. Prof. Phil Campbell states that spe cial stress has been placed on organ-1 izing corn clubs in new territory and ini sifting the membership to those boys I who gave promise of carryirig the work| through the season. The banner county in corn club en-| rollment is Carroll, which has 312 boys. I The leading county for the girls’ er,-| rcllment is Bibb, with 159 membership. [ Reports indicate that the boys and| girls have been able to prepare 'theirl plats and plant under favorable condi-1 tions. Shot From Monitor Tallahassee Almost Struck Congressmen! (By Associated Press.) WASHINGTON, April 26.-—Official re-| ports of the near accident to a party ofl congressmen on the government yachtl Dolphin, while watching target practice! of the Monitor Tallahassee in the Po-[ tomac were called for today by the navyl department. Pending their receipt of-| ficials were inclined to minimize thel clanger to the congressional party.l Those who were on the Dolphin declared! today, however, that the Tallahassee's! shell passed closely enough to the yachtl to break some of the windows when it| exploded. EVIDENCE IS'BEGUN IN COTTON MILL CASE| (By Associated Press.) TAMPA, Fla., April 26.—Taking ofl Evidence was begun here before United! States Commissioner Stephen Rogers ini the case of the government against tfcel Dwight Manufacturing company, which| operates several largo cotton mills in| Alabama. A. Pachynakis, a Greek, is alleged to I have been employed by tnis concern to I import Greek laborers, including women! and children, to come to this country! and work in cotton mills in competition! with American laborers. Peter Perrinisl testified that he and twelve others were! induced to corhe to this country by mis-1 representation of labor agents acting for[ the manufacturing company. NEBRASKA HAS RATIFIED SEVENTENTH AMENDMENT! WASHINGTON. April 26.—Nebraska today notified the state department of its ratification of the seventeenth amendment to the constitution, provid ing for th edirect election of senators./! Only South Dakota remains to be re-1 corded before the proclamation can be l issued officially announcing the new I amendment as effective. j FERTILIZER FACTS No. 5 The Value of Fertilizing Growing Crops from four to six mules. Diversified ag riculture might be pursued successfully and sufficient grain and other feed rais ed to maintain a small dairy herd anti provide grazing for a good bunch of hogs. A small area could be devoted to cotton as a money crop. The price of land in this state varies anywhere from $25 to $100 per acre. You can buy mucly land below $25 but some of it is not so desirable as it )s unim proved. Fertilizers are, as a rule, nec essary on Georgia soils as they are not well balanced naturally with the essen tial elements of plant food, but by prac ticing a rotation of crops and maintain ing live stock the soils can be built up rapidly. There are excellent .mar kets for truck crops in all the larger towns and cities of Georgia and prices are good. All sorts of truck and farm crops can be raised to good advantage. Hog cholera prevails in this state, but the farmer may protect himself against its ravages through the use of serum which is manufactured by the college j and distributed at cost. One will have no trouble in selling all the hogs pro duced in the vicinity of any town and city at»good prices. You don’t furnish your stock at one time with food enough to supply them two months or more. Why, then, should you follow such a plan when feeding your crops? Fertilizer is simply plant food and should be given to your cotton or corn In such amounts and at such times as their needs require. In order to obtain the best crop results, this plant food must not only be furnished at the time of plant ing to germinate the seed and cause a healthy, hardy stand, but must be fed to it afterwards, as the grow ing plant makes its demand for more and more as th» plant begins to fruit. SECOND APPLICATION. In July, on an average, the blossoming begins, and from July on until the crop is made the plant is busy at its great work, and it is then in need of all the help It can get—the best of cultivation and the best of plant food3, and both in abundance. After about the first of July the plant not only makes its great est growth, but must support its squares, bolls, seed and lint, as well as branches and leaves, and while it is doing this the plant must have at its command an additional supply of ripened plant food. GREATEST DEMAND FOR FOOD. Between the time the fertilizer was put into the ground and the time the plant makes its greatest de mand for food, heavy and continuous rains, such as have been prevalent to date, dissolve and carry away a great portion of the soluble plant food. Especially is this true with respect to the nitrogen—the most expensive and most vital part of the fertilizer—the lack of which is shown when the leaves turn yellow, growth ceases and the squares fall off. These things point out clearly the fact that the food supply is near exhaustion and that nature is wisely putting aside part of her burden in order that all of it may not be lost. DOUBLE THE YIELD. From two to six squares fall off of each cotton stalk to every mature boll made. Just think what it would mean to reduce the number that fall off by half by furnishing additional plant’food when needed, to hold them on, through the means of a second appli cation. The reward to the cotton grower will be an abundant yield ancf a great profit, and would leave the soil in better condition for the crop which is to follow cotton. Water carries plant food to the growing crop. In the case of corn growing, when all of the fertilizer is put into the ground, at one time, is another case of the maximum supply of plant food with the minimum use for it. The corn stalks grow tall and large, and by the time the ears begin to develop the fertilizer has been leached away and there is not remaining sufficient plant food to give the ears of corn that de velopment so necessary for a fruitful crop. CORN NEEDS FERTILIZER. It has been proven that corn needs not alone, water soluble ammoniates, such as sulphate of ammonia or nitrate of soda as a second application, in order to secure the best results, but is also in need of phos phoric acid and potash in order to round out a bumper harvest. Experience and experiments have proven that one must not wait too long for the second application and third application, but the best results are obtained by applying the second application three or four weeks before the tassel appears, and the third application when the tassel prepares to grow out of the top leaf. Modern machinery, which combines cultivator and distributor, has minimized the expense of the second application until it adds little to any beyond the cost of the fertilizer to the production of the crop. TWENTY DOLLARS PER ACRE MORE. In a recent article Mr. J. S. Fowler, of Anderson, S. C., narrated his experience in the growing of the cotton crop with and without the second application and this article was illustrated with photographs. He kept an exact expense account with reference to the two crops, both of which were planted with the same seed, at the 3ame time, cultivated in the same way, and it was shown that, with the additional expense of $5.00 per acre for the second application of commercial fertilizer, the net profit per acre on the part so cultivated was $20.00 above that acreage in which all of the fertilizer was applied at the time of planting. Experiment farms and demonstration plots have proven the advantage, profit and progress of sec ond application and even third application. Don’t follow the beaten path, but make a step forward this season by the use of the second application, and re member this talk when you harvest your Increased yield in the fall. Write for Bulletin, sent free. SOIL IMPROVEMENT COMMITTEE Southern Fertilizer Association, Atlanta, Ga.