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r THE ATLANTA SEMI-WEEKLY JOURNAL, ATLANTA, GA., FRIDAY, MAY 2, 1913. ACRIO/LTI/RAI EDUCATION =*►* Successful Farming s«its’JJ ^NDPEW^. 50ULE-1^ This department will cheerfully endeaeoi to jurmsh any intermotion. Letters should be addressed to Dr. Andrew it. Soule, president Stats Agricultural College. Athens. Oa. < CROPS FOR THE SILO A grreat variety of crops may be grown for silage, but experience indicates that only a few will be found of primary im portance for this purpose. Attempts to Use the cereals and legumes in the silo have not been altogether satisfactory. These crops contain a large amount of water and must be fairly well ripened in order to keep in the silo to the best advantage. Observation and experience in feeding different classes of stock indicate, however, that a small amount of dry feed is desirable, and it is mani festly easier to cure any of the cereals or legumes in the form of hay than such rank growing crops as corn and sorghum. ' Since some dry feed is de sirable, it is better to use those.crops for hay making which can be" most eas ily cured and stored. It has been pret ty well demonstrated now that an at tempt to combine a legurrife with corn and sorghum for silage is not the best practice for such a small proportionate development of the legumes will take place where the corn and sorghum are planted thick enough to insure a good yield as to exert no appreciable effect on the value of the silage. It is better, therefore, to grow the legumes on sep arate areas, curing them as hay, and feeding them in such quantities as the conditions warrant. Twenty years’ experience in the mak ing and handling of silage justifies the contusion that the two most desirable crops to be used for this purpose are corn and sorghum. In some sections sorghum may not thrive to the best ad vantage and in that event corn alone may be used. Wherever a combination crop can be grown it is desirable to use the same. Large yields of silage will only be obtained on good rich soils. If the land is not naturally' well supplied with the essential elements of fertility, then appications of yard manure and commercial fertilizers will be advisable. Of course, on a well-ordered farm where a rotation, is practiced, green crops may be made to supply part of the vegetable matter and nitrogen needed. Naturally, nitrogen becomes a most essential ele ment in the production of a silage crop for the reason that the rapid and vigor ous gTowth of leaf and stem is essen tial for heavy yields. Atmospheric nitrogen should therefore be used as largely as possible, unless the farmer is so situated that he can keep up the humus content of his soil through ap plications of yard manure. The yard manure should be broadcasted on the land and worked well into the surface. Some prefer to plQw the manure under, and there is no objection to this prac tice, provided • the land is rolled and compacted after breaking. In sections where the winters are mild, it is best to break the land in the fall and seed to a cover crop such as crimson clover, hairy vetch, or some of the winter growing cereals. When the growth• reaches a height of about six inches in the spring, the crop should be turned under. Phosphorus should be applied to the land either in the form of the crushed rock or as acid phos phate. Where the crushed rock is used at least 1,000 pounds per acre should be applied, and only on those soils where an abundance of vegetable mat ter is available can good results be ex pected from the use of “floats.” On thqse soils where vegetable matter is lacking acid phosphate will give the best results. From 300 to 400 pounds should be used per acre along with 50 to 100 pounds of muriate of potash. If the nitrogen supply of the soil is low and the crop does not make a vigorous start, some organic nitrogen should be used, enough to amount to say about 3 per cest of the mixture applied. In some instances, top dressing with nit rate of soda or other quickly, available carrier of nitrogen will be advisable, but for silage .crops some other method of supplying nitrogen should be fol lowed by the farmer. As soon as the soil becomes warm enough in the spring to insure rapid germination sorghum should be planted in four and a half foot furrows, depend ing on the natural fertility of the soil. A two-horse corn planter should be used for this purpose with the plates so ad justed that it will seed from one to two pecks of sorghum per acre. The seed should be drilled in relatively thick. Every two rows should be left un- C&eaper than butter Better than lard Cottolene i& better than butter or lard for frying because it can be heated about 100 degrees higher without burning or smok ing. This extreme heat instantly cooks the outer surface, and forms a crust which prevents the absorption of fat Fry fish with Cottolene and it will never be greasy, but crisp and appetizing enough to make your mouth water. Cottolene is more economical than lard; costs no more, and goes one-third farther than either butter or lard. You are not practicing econ omy if you are not using Cot tolene in your kitchen. Oottoleee is.never sold in bulk—al ways in air-tight tin pails, which pro tect it from dirt, dust and odors. It is always uniform and dependable. THE N. K. FAIRBANK COMPANY Sd Fish Bite Like Hungry Wolves. Fill y<?ur Net* Traps or Trdt Lines if you bait with M AG1C-FISH-LIRE. e Best bait ever used for attracting all kinds of fish. Write for price % list to-day and get a box to help % introduce it. Agents wanted. _ J. F, GREGORY, Dept, 2, St. Louis, Mo, planted. The reason for this is due to the fact tnat the corn will mature in a shorter period than the sorghum. It takes varieties of corn well adapted for silage about 120 days ordinarily to ripen sufficiently for cutting. Sor ghum, on the other hand, will, take from 150 to 180 days, depending a good deal on seasonal conditions. Some may* suppose that the crop can not be well mixed in the gilo where two rows are planted alternately’ as indi cated. As a. matter of fact, if the corn and sorghum are out with a binder as will no doubt be the practice on most farms w’here silage is made, it is an easy matter to load two rows of corn and two rows of sorghum on the low- bed wagons used for hauling silage to the cutting box, a complete admixture of the two crops as they are run into the silo will thus be obtained. Other methods of planting may be pursued, but we have found this the most satis factory and can commend it to farm ers and dairymen generally who desire to secure* the largest amount of suc culent food for winter use at a mini mum of cost. The advantages of the combination crop are as follows: Sorghum is not affected by drought as readily as corn: While its growth may be stunted, as soon as rains occur it will start off again. Corn, on the other hand, may be injured by a dry' spell at the time of silking and tasseling, and not only fire up but fail to make much grain. It may become so dry that if put in the silo by itself it will fire-fang. In order to keep it many farmers have at tempted to run water into the silo. If one knew just how much water to use this practice might answer fairly well, but the difficulties of the situation are so obvious -and the results of this method so unsatisfactory that it is bet ter to depend on a crop such as sor ghum to supply the deficiency' in mois- ture, and at the same time aid in pro ducing a more wholesome silage than ’will be obtained through the use of corn alone. Sorghum is naturally re tentive of its juices, and on this ac count objection has been raised to its use for silage, some claiming that it sours very' easily. Those who have ex perienced this “difficulty have attempted to use it in too green a condition. Sor ghum should not be cut for silage un til the seed heads are practically ma ture. This crop will outyield corn in our experience and when combined with it helps to make a more palatable and better-keeping silage than when either crop is used alone. Its drought- resisting qualities and bulky nature make it very desirable for. use in the silo. Its palatability and saccharine content are also important factors in adding a desirable flavor and aroma to the silage. Experience has shown that this combination of corn and sorghum may be utilized as a substitute for grass during the. winter season to the very best advantage, and we respect fully suggest that those who expect to grow silage this year give attention to the use of this combination crop. It will take a little experience to learn just how to handle it to the best ad vantage, but after it has been tried out, it will unquestionably be found the most desirable method of providing an abundance of succulent food to use at any season of the y'ear when the pas tures need supplementing. ■ * # USING COVER CROPS IN COTTON. A. V. J., Forsyth, Ga.. writes: What do you consider the best thing to sow in cot ton at the last cultivation Ito serve as a winter cover crop? Wo need something that will lie dormant until cool nights set in and that will grow through the winter. I can think of nothing better than oats, as these will not sprout before last in Aug ust and will make considerable growth by February, when they may lie plowed un der. It is quite impracticable in my opin ion to depend on sowing anything in cot ton after picking begins. ing soda “dissolved in warm water given as a drench is excellent. The statement in your letter does not make it clear to us what you have In mind, but we judge that you have 1,000 pounds of a material containing 11 per cent of available phosphoric acid and 5 per cent of potash, and that you desire tc mix this with 1,000 pounds of cotton seed meal containing 0.18 per cent of nitrogen and presumably 2.5 per cent of phosphoric acid and 2 per cent of potash. If our surmise be correct, the 2,000-pound mixture would contain ap proximately 3 per cent of nitrogen, 6.7 per cent of phosphoric acid and 3.5 per cent of potash. We would-think this formula rather low in phosphoric acid and potash for corn and cotton on sandy land. * * ’ * REMOVING WARTS ON HORSES. Jj D. F., Hartsville, Ala., wrfctcs: I have n goo*l horse ten years old that is afflicted with warts. They form under the skin and grow to the size of an egg and then burst the skin and make a bleed ing wart. If the skin is split they will jump out like a marble, but adhere to the skin. The horse Is In good condition otherwise. Please tell me what to do to remove them. Warts are supposed to be due to a morbid overgrowth of the superficial layers of the skin. They may occur in any part of the body, but as a rule de velop about the lips, eye, cheeks, ears or on the belly. Small ones may be clipped off with scissors and the raw surface cauterized with blue stone. .-If large, they may be sliced off with a sharp knife. If they have a narrow neck they may be twisted off and then cauterized. When of a vascular nature they should be strangled by means of a wax thread or cord tied around the necK. This should be tightened from day to day. Very broad fiat warts can be treated by burning down beneath the surface of the skin with a soldering iron -at red heat. Any subsequent growth may be held in check by means of blue stone. ^ We can not offer other sections than those mentioned, and think you can use some of them to advantage in treating your horse. * * * STARTING SWEET POTATOES FROM VINE CUTTINGS. II. H. A., Carrollton, Ga., writes: I would like to know how I cuu plant cut tings or runners from sweet potato vines so they will take root and live. Will they make as many potatoes as if slips are set out? How can I construct a cheap hot house large enough to bed 50 or 00 bushels of potatoes? What do you think of an 8-, 3-10 formula for potatoes? Several things .may be sown in cot ton at the last cultivation. Some of the vetches will do fairly well for plant ing at this season of the year, especially the Oregon vetch. There is one objec tion to it,- however, in that it is not hardy and is liable to be killed out by severe freezes in the late fall and early winter. Rye may be planted as well as oats. Either one of these crops will prove fairly satisfactory. Crimson clover in a moist season will sometimes make a stand and it is an excellent cover crop to use. We have not had great success, however, in sowing any of these crops in the early summer, and our recommendation would be to plant them later in the fall. We sow oats in our cotjon land every year, putting from two to three rows between the cotton raws, depending* on the distance apart of planting. We put our oats in in the open furrow and fertilize them with about 300 pounds of an 8-2-3. We have raised a splendid crop of oats on the cotton land every year. We have found no difficulty in seeding the oats at the proper time. * We put them in with a single stalk drill and plant just after picking the cotton for the third time. The cotton is often picked a fourth time, but if all the loose cotton is picked out before the oat seeding is undertaken, it will not be knocked out and lost as some sem to fear. So far as the ques- tion of getting a cover crop in cotton land is concerned we feel that this mat ter has been met successfully by our practice and that other farmers can fol low our plan with satisfactory results. * * * SPASMODIC COLIC AND ITS TREAT MENT. J. 1>\ J., Huntley, N. €.. writes: 1 would like to know wliat is the best treatment for a horse with spasmodic colic. Would also like lo know what 1.000 pounds of 11.5 per cent bone potash and 1.000 pounds of cotton seel meal 7.5 per cent ammonia will analyze. Will this be a good fer tilizer for corn and cotton on sandy land? Colic is generally due to some ( form of indigestion. Spasmodic or cramp colic is a violent and painful contraction of the muscular coating of the bowels. It I is brought on often by some indigesti- | ble food or from drinking large quanti ties of cold water wlieji the horse is tired as after a long drive. Exposure to cold is also a common cause and lack of exercise and sudden changes in diet may also cause it. The horse should be gotten in a comfortable position as soon as possible where he can roll with out injury. Give an enema of six to eight quarts of rather warm water containing a half teacupful of glycerine. Admin ister the enema slowly and then give one ounce of laudanum and a half ounce* of spirits of camphor in a half pint of warm water. Jamaica ginger in two ounce doses dissolved in a half pint of water is very good for this trouble. An other remedy is sweet spirits of nitre in one-ounce doses. Blankets rung out cf hot water and applied to the belly will generally give relief. Medicine for this trouble should be diluted with hot water and given as a drench. Where laudanum is used, do not repeat the dose too frequently. A tablespoonful of baK- Vine cuttings may be used for the propagation of sweet potatoes. Theso are generally set out rather late in the season. As a rule, they should be about 18 inches long and should be sunk into the ground to a desirable depth through the use of a lath sharpened slightly «at one end. Since the slips can be had ‘earlier in the season and in sufficient number to meet the needs of most planters, preference is generally given to their use and we think with obvious reasons. A bed for the propagation of potato slips can be made in one of several ways. Probably the manure bed is the most satisfactory and economical ar rangement you can use. This may be made of any convenient size according to the number of potatoes to be bedded out. It should be in a fairly warm, sheltered spot, and so situated that sur face water can be readily drained from it. The soil should be excavated to a deapth of 8 or 10 inches, and after this is done about six inches of well rotted stable manure should be plabed in the bottom. This should be compacted and then a layer of soil scattered over the surface of the manure to a depth of two or three inches. The bed should be allowed to stand for several days. Then lay the potatoes on the surface of the soil and cover to a depth otf two inches. The top of the bed may be protected through the use of pine leaves or a cloth or glass sash. It is important, however, to see that the covering is removed sufficiently to prevent the slips from becoming too tender. The bed should also be kept moist at all times. The formula you have suggested will be found a satisfactory one to use un der sweet potatoes on most lands at all suitable for their cultivation. We think probably that 8 per cent of potash would be sufficient. * * * MANAGEMENT OF RUSTED OATS. J. G. P., Tlfton, Ga., writes: I have fifteen acres in oats. On the first four that were planted the seed were smaller and brighter than the rpst, and they are badly rusted, while the baJauce of the field has no ru6t. Would you let the rusted oats stand and cut with the others or turn them under and plant the land to corn or cotton? Is the rust injurious to stock if fed in green state or after they ripen. It would seem that you secured two varieties of oat seed and that one was much more resistant to rust than the other. The writer has seen a number of fields throughout Georgia this year which led him to believe that farmers were sold something other than the Texas rust proof seed last fall. Pos sibly some of them even secured seed which was brought in from the north and certainly they planted seed of some varieties which were not nearly so re sistant to this trouble as the Texas Rust Proof and the Appier. This is unfortunate and is causing considerable loss and annoyance to farmers who planted oats last fall and had every prospect until recently of having a fine crop. It should be a lesson to them, however, to select their seed with extra care and skill from home-grown crops which have withstood this trouble, rath er than to purchase seed oats which is now so commonly practiced by farm ers'of the state. Unless your oats are very badly diseased, we would suggest that you let them stand and mature. Contrary to the common belief the rust is not carried over in the seed from year to year. Of course, you under stand, that when rust attacks the oat crop it generally causes a lot of the seed to be shriveled and shrunken and this kind of seed should not be used for planting. Straw from an oat crop af fected with rust may be fed to live stock with safety insofar as our observation and experience goes. Of course, when it is badly rusted it is almpst rotten, as you * no doubt know, and probably contains only a small amount of nutri- ment owing to the fact that the leaves have been practically killed by the rust fungus, and therefore, have not assim ilated as much in the way of nutritive elements as they would do under nor mal conditions. In harvesting badly rusted crops there is some annoyance on account of the spores flying through the air in such large numbers creating a dust rather irritating to the nostrils but there is no poisonous effect to live stock or men from the spores, and one need not hesitate harvesting and thresh ing and feeding a crop on this account. If you are pushed for feed and you are satisfied that the oat crop still has a chance of making a fair yield, a point which we think you can readily deter mine from an examination of its present condition, we would be disposed to let it stand and plant the land later on to peas. * * * SUGGESTED TREATMENT OF SKIN DISEASE. S. T. W., Dallas. Ga., writes: I huvo a cow that has a skin disease. It started on her udder about three months nco and is now all over her body. She rubs ker- self against trees, and her milk has dried up. Would like to know what to do for her. GEORGIA IN'GREAT NEED OF MORE HOGS Farmers of Georgia are awakening to the need of a change in their methods. Along what lines shall these changes be made? To even the casual observer, it is very evident that one of our great est needs is more live stock on our farms. We^ need more live stock to en able us to produce at home the meat that now comes to us from other sec tions. We need Aiore live stock to en able us to maintain or upbuild the fer tility of our soils. “Too much cotton” is an old, old story. The sooner, how ever, that we realize that our “sun does not rise and set” in cotton, the more quickly will our agriculture be put on a permanent basis. It is a suicidal policy for our farmers to depend on cotton to furnish them money with which to purchase meat and other supplies. Experiments have proven that we can produce pork in north Georgia more cheaply than they can in the corn belt. Then why pay the corp. belt farmer a profit for rais ing the hog, the railroad a profit for transportation to the packer, who must profit for butchering? Added to this is freight from packer to jobber, who does not handle the meat for the fun that there is in it. The retail mer chant’s profit must be considered, and when the farmer comes to town and gets his meat, on the credit, (it can’t be paid for until the cotton is sold, and maybe not_then) the amount charged him is three or four times as«large as would be the cost of his producing a much better grade of meat on his own farm. Some of our farmers are realizing the folly of this practice. More money is be ing invested in swine. A question often asked is, “What is the best breed oi hogs for me to use on my farm?” In attempting to answer this question, this fact should have considerable weight: our cheapest pork is a result of -an Ex tensive use of the grazing crops. The rustling or grazing qualities of the breed must be good. The Berkshire, the Duroc-Jersey and the Taraworth breeds are admirably adapted to Georgia conditions. The farm er should acquaint himself with the pe culiarities of, each of these breeds, and then be guided largely by personal pref erences; for of these three it may be said, “There is no best breed.” The Berkshire is primarily a fat oi lard type of ho^. As produced in the south, it is a medium between the lard and bacon types. The best type of Berk shire is a hog of considerable size. The breed is • noted for length of body and probably excells all other breeds of the lard type in this respect. Berkshire sows are prolific and are excellent moth ers. The pigs mature early and the qual ity of the meat is unexcelled. The graz ing qualities of this breed are good. The color is black with six white points. Berkshires are very^ popular in Georgia. There are several excellent pure-bred herds in this state. Farmers who choose Berkshires should by all means look over the herds of our own state and they will not find it necessary to send to other states for foundation stock. The Duroc-Jersey is classed as fat or lard type. Of the many desirable char acteristics of this breed, one of ,the most important is early maturity. An imals at six months of age have dressed out as much as 175 pounds. Prolificacy is one of the strong points of\his breed. The average of 21,000 litters was 9.26 pigs per litter. The color is red or sandy, shades varying from light to dark. Coarseness is yet a rather prominent characteristic but the process of refinement is going on rapidly. The Tam worth is distinctly a bacon type. This breed is valued highly on account of its excellent grazing quali fies. It is a large hog with considera ble depth of body, but not much width. Specimens can easily be made to weigh 700 to 900 pounds. The maturing qual ity of the Tamworth is not so good. Prolificacy is a. point in their favor, this being one of the striking features cf the breed. The color of Tamworth is red or sandy. They are not general ly popular in Georgia, however, the good merits of this breed are becoming known, and the demand for them is in creasing. Georgia • is to be congratu lated on the fact that Tamworths bred in this state have won prizes at many of the big shows in the north. Polartd-Chinas and representatives of th e white breeds may do well in this state, but they are not as well suited to conditions here as are the breeds mentioned above. The Poland-China originated in the corn belt and is pri marily a fat or lard type. They are not good for rustlers. The white breeds in our climate are more subject to sun-scald, blisters and skin diseases of various kinds. While there is no best breed it must be borne in mind that there are best individuals within a breed. Thq selec tion of good individuals is more im portant than is the choice of a breed. In order that he may make proper selec tions, the farmer should acquaint him- eelf with desirable points in the makeup of a good hog. Study conform ation or shape. Size must be taken into consideration. Know the age of the in dividuals and be able to judge as to whether they have made a good growth. Prolificacy is a valuable point. Choose individuals from large litters, as this is to some extent an inherited character istic. Quality in the hogs should be carefully noted. A hog whose appear ance is that of smoothness and refine ment rather than coarseness, is said to be in good quality. The hair is fine; skin smooth and fine in texture; bone not too large. The selection of a boar to head the herd should be very carefully made. The boar is “half the herd” and should by all means be a pure-bred animal. As pigs do not show their form fuily until they are about four months old, it is un wise to make a selection before they reach this age. For the farmer who cannot invest much money, grade sows are to be recommended. Good results may be ob tained from their use, if the pigs are sired by a pure-bred animal. Never use an inferior boar on sows of higher grade. If “grading” is carried on cor rectly, the animals for breeding pur poses being carefully selected, the herd may be graded up to very closely ap proach pure-breds. And it is well to keep in mind that for pork, a good “grade” animal is superior to a poor 'pure-bred. Success depends in no small measure upon the “blood” of the foundation stock. If the herd is poorly selected, the feed given them is practically thrown away. The majority of the hogs on our farms at present are of very low grade or “scrubs.” Any farm er who will investigate the facts, should be easily convinced of the superiority of high-grades or pure-breds over scrubs. We need better hogs, and more of them. EFFECT OF FERTILIZER ON THE WHEAT KERNEL SUMMER COURSE IN COTTON GRADING SCHOOL Farmers’ Institute ROME, Ga., .April 30.—Plans are being made for a farmers’ institute to be held in Rome some time during the summer. The movement is under the auspices of the .Farmers and Mer chants’ Co-operative association, of which C. C. Bass is president. No one will deny that quality in wheat is of importance commercially, not only to the miller and baker, but to the producer as well. The miller not only wants a “weighty” bushel, but upon its physical composition depends the strength and quality of his flour. Two influences bear directly upon this —meteorlogical conditions and soil fer tility. Th e Ohio agricultural station—one of the most able in the country—recently issued a bulletin (No. 243), which pre sented the results of experiments along this line. The investigation was* made relative to the changes induced on the quality of wheat by different chemical conditions in the soil—the term “qual ity” referring to the “physical charac teristics and chemical composition of the grain.” The conclusions arrived at arj summed up as follows: Although differences in climate and season cause greater variations in the character of wheat than soil and fer tilizers, the results obtained show that changing the chemical condition of the soil by the addition of fertilizers has produced marked differences in the sam3 variety of wheat. Wheat grown on unfertilized soil, where smallest yield of grain was obtained, contained 50 per cent of shriveled kernels. In creasing nitrogen content of the soil ac centuates the above conditions. Potassium increased the proportion of plump kernels, although yield was the same as when nitrogen was applied to the soil, and the composition was prac tically the same as that found in wheat from unfertilized soil. Phosphorus im proves the physical appearance of the grain to the. greatest extent. The protein, carbohydrate and phos phorus content of the wheat grain bear a complementary relation to each other. There is an inverse ratio between the percentages of protein and carbohy drates. The phosphorus and carbohy drates stand in a direct ratio to each other. The largest per cents of phos phorus and carbohydrates are found in the best developed grain, which is in turn associated with the highest yields. The percentage of protein is highest in wheat grpwn on soil deficient in phos phorus and well supplied with available nitrogen. The ratio of phosphorus to nitrogen in the' wheat grain generally stands in the same order as the ratio of phospho rus to nitrogen supplied to the soil. The per cents of gluten and gliadin stand in direct relation to the total pro tein content of the wheat. The relation between the carbohy drates and phosphorus on the one hand and protein on the other is influenced by the form in which the nitrogen is supplied, whether from organic or inor ganic sources, and by the ratio of phos phorus to nitrogen. While the above is somewhat of a “high school” course, we respectfully submit it as containing “hints” that may. perchance, be utilized in the pro duction of a better “grade” of wheat. of Offered at State College Agriculture June 30 to August 2 . (Special Dispatch to The Journal.) ATHENS, Ga., May 1.—A bulletin has just been issued announcing a sum mer school course in cotton grading at the Georgia State College ,of Agricul ture, the dates of which will be June 30-August 2, inclusive. Prof. R. J. H. DeLoach will again be in charge. This summer course has proven of great benefit in the past and has been the means of teaching some of the most successful cotton graders in the state how to do their work. Government samples will be used for comparison and reference work. The course is co-extensive with the summer school of the University of Georgia and may be combined with the regular summer school work. Those who have taken the course have been able to buy cotton and take care of warehouses. Only $1 initiation fee is ctfkrged, all else being free. FORTY-NINE BURIED MINERS MAKE ESCAPE WALSENBURG, Colo., May 1.—Forty mihe employes at the Colorado Fuel and Iron companly’s mine, at Rouse, near here, were buried late yesterday when a cave-in of a thousand tons of coal filled the mine entries for 400 feet. All of the miners escaped in safety. The men were imprisoned for several hours but made their escape through a hole formed by the peculiar manner m which the mine props and strainers fell beneath the coal. The hole was narrow and the men were forped to crawl throulgh it on hands and knees. MISSING MEMPHIS COTTON MERCHANT REMAINS HID Relatives of Leo Lesser De clare That No Word Has Been Heard From Him (By Assocdated Press.) MEMPHIS, Tenn., May 1.—Rela tives of Leo Lesser, the missing presi dent of the Lesser-Ely Cotton company of Memphis and the Bank of Tunica, of Tunica, Miss., both of which have failed, declared today no word has been received as to Lesser’s whereabouts. Lesser was expelled from membership ii| the Memphis cotton exchange yester day. • Supplementary to the bankruptcy pro ceedings instituted last Saturday against the two concerns involuntary petitions in bankruptcy have been filed in Memphis and in Mississippi against Leo Lesser as an individual. J. A. Ely, junior member of the cotton firm, also was named in a petition filed late yesterday before Federal Judge H. C. Niles, at Kosciusko, Miss. J. W. Brown, receiver for the Lesser-Ely company, was authorized by the court to act as ancillary receiver. It was stated today that the Lesser- Ely company has advanced approxi mately $100,000 this year to farmers and the formation of a corporation to operate the plantations under contracts made by the cotton firm are being coiv sidered by the creditors. VICTORIES FOR BOTH SIDES FOR MEXICO (By Associated Press.) WASHINGTON, May 1.—'Uncheck ed, the forward movement of General Casso Lopez on Monclava, stronghold of the Carranza rebellion, has result ed in a second victory over the con stitutionalist forces in Coahuila. Huerta troops have defeated a large force of Carranzistas at El Paacado. The location of the battle indicates the federal forces under General Casso Lopez are steadily advancing upon the rebel capital. ARREST OF ASSAI-LANT OF ROGERS EXPECTED CHATTANOOGA, Tenn., May 1.— The arrest of Gordon Jones, who is Re lieved to have shot down Dr. P. T. Rogers and Ted Brown in the St. Elmo drug store Sunday night and then ri fled the safe, is momentally expected following the arrest early this morning of Joe Sullivan, who is said to admit that he was Jone/3’ accomplice on the night of the crime. Jones is also believ ed to be responsible for the death of S. Siskin, who was shot down and killed two weeks ago. MANY P0ST0FFICES TO GET NEW EQUIPMENT (By Associated Press.) WASHINGTON, May 1.—Satchels in which to collect mall, “routin?:” ta bles on which to assort their contents and stools on which tired mail clerks may drape themselves, in distributing the daily grist that' falls into their hands, are wanted by the poetoffiee de partment- Postmaster General Burleson today asked for sealed bids fur the supplies. The specifications are on file with the purchasing agent of the department and the bids must be in by May 27. STOCK EXCHANGE REFORM BILLS PASS (By Associated Press.) ALBANY, N. Y„ May 1.—Two of the senate bills designed to reform methods of the New York stock ex change were passed by the assembly last night. One would make it a fel ony to make false statements or-ad vertisements as to the securities or financial condition of a corporation or association. The other would make It a felony to report or publish ficti tious transactions in securities. ACID FROM GOLF.BALL PUTS OUT BOY’S EYES AUGUSTA, Ga., May 1.—-Richard Steiling, aged fifteen, of North Augusta, has lost his eyesight by a splash of acid from a golf ball. Young Steiling picked up an acid filled English golf ball on the Arlington links and was cutting it open “to see what It was made ot" when the knife blade sud denly plunged through to the hollow por tion of the ball, splashing the acid Into both eyes. NEW YORK POLICE OCCUPY IRON CELLS (By Associated Press.) NEW YORK, May 1.—Former Po lice Inspectors Sweeney, Murtjia, Hus sey and Thompson, on trial charged with conspiracy to obstruct justice, will have to be locked up every night of their trial. The appellate division of the state supreme court so decided to day and the inspectors’ trial was re sumed in the supreme court! Cold Worries Farmers EATONTON, Ga., May 1—The re appearance of another cold wave aft er the ground hog’s period for the ex piration of winter according to the established statute of limitations Is having a very discouraging effect upon Putnam’s farmers. That the county's fruit crop Is killed is conceded. What ern is up is already turning yellow from the continued cold snaps, garden plants and other vegetation have suf fered likewise. Roaring winter fires have been necessary since Sunday morn ing, and farm work has practically stopped for the present. HALF-INCH OF SNOW FALLS NEAR WALHALLA ANDERSON, S. C„ May 1.—Passen-* gers arriving here Monday report a half inch snowfall Sunday on the Blue Ridge mountains near Walhalla, S. C. We would suggest that you try the following treatment for your cow and see if it does not give relief: s Give her first of all an active cathartic, such as a pound to a pound and a half of Ep som salts to which is added handful of common salt and a tablespoonful of pep per or ginger, and mix with two quarts ol water. All of this is to be given at one dose. Later give an ounce of hypersulphide of soda twice a day for two weeks mixed with the feed. Apply to the skin a solution of borax, four ounces to one quart of water, or car bolic acide one-half once to one quart of water may also give relief. FERTILIZER FACTS No. 5 The Value of Fertilizing Growing Crops You don't furnish your stock at one time with food enough to supply them two months or more. Why, then, should you follow such a plan when feeding your crops? Fertilizer is simply plant food and should be given to your cotton or corn in such amounts and at such times as their needs require. In order to obtain the beet crop results, this plant food must not only be furnished at the time of plant ing to germinate the seed and cause a healthy, hardy stand but must be fed to it afterwards, as the grow ing plant makes its demand for more and more as tht plant begins to fruit. SECOND APPLICATION. In July, on an average, the blossoming begins, and from July on until the crop is made the plant is busy at its great work, and It is then in need of all the help It can get—the best of cultivation and the best of plant foods, and both in abundance. After about the first of July the plant not only makes its great est growth, but must support its squares, bolls, seed and lint, as well as branches and leaves, and while it is doing this the plant must have at its command an additional supply of ripened plant food, GREATEST DEMAND FOR FOOD, Between the time the fertilizer was put into the ground and the time the plant makes its greatest de mand for food, heavy and continuous rains. such as have been prevalent to date, dissolve and carry away a great portion of the soluble plant food. Especially is this true with respect to the nitrogen—the most expensive and most vital part of the fertilizer—the lack of which is shown when the leaves turn yellow, growth ceases and the squares fall off. These things point out clearly the fact that the food supply is near exhaustion and that nature is wisely putting aside part of her burden in order that all of it may not be lost. DOUBLE THE YIELD. From two to six squares fall off of each cotton stalk to every mature boll made. Just think what it would mean to reduce the number that fall off by half by furnishing additional plant’food when needed, to hold them on, through the means of a second appli cation. The reward to the cotton grower will be an abundant yield ancF a great profit, and would leave the soil in better condition for the crop which is to follow cotton. Water carries plant food to the growing crop. In the case of corn growing, when all of the fertilizer is put into the ground, at one time, is, another case of the maximum supply of plant food with the minimumr use for It. The corn stalks grow tall and large, and by.the time the ears begin to develop the fertilizer has been leached away and ther& is not remaining sufficient plant food to give the ears of corn that de velopment so necessary for a fruitful crop. CORN NEEDS FERTILIZER. It has been proven that corn needs not alone, water soluble ammoniates, such as sulphate of ammonia or nTtrate of soda as a second application, in order to secure the best results, bqt is also in need of phos phoric acid and potash in order to round out a bumper harvest. Experience and experiments have proven that one must not wait too long for the second application and third application, but the best results are obtained by applying the second application three or four weeks before the tassel appears, and the third application when the tassel prepares to grow out of the top leaf. Modern machinery, which combines cultivator and distributor, has minimized the expense of the second application until it adds little to any beyond the cost of the fertilizer to the production of the crop. t TWENTY DOLLARS PER ACRE MORE. In a recent article Mr. J. S. Fowler, of Anderson, S. C„ narrated his experience in the growing of the cotton crop with and without the second application and this article was illustrated with photographs. He kept an exact expense account with reference to the- two crops, both of which were planted with the same seed, at the same time, cultivated in the same way, and it was shown that, with the additional expense of $5.00 per acre for the second application of commercial fertiliser, the net profit per acre on the part so cultivated was $20.00 above that acreage in which all of the fertilizer was applied at the time of planting. Experiment farms and demonstration plots have proven the advantage, profit and progress of sec ond application and even third application. Don’t follow the beaten path, but make a step forward this season by the use of the second application, and re member this talk when you harvest your increased yield in the fall. Write for Bulletin, sent free. SOIL IMPROVEMENT COMMITTEE Southern Fertilizer Association, Atlanta, Ga.