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I 6 THE ATLANTA SEMI-WEEKLY JOURNAL, ATLANTA, GA., FRIDAY, MAY 16, 1913. AGRICULTURAL Ms. Education amp Successful Farming- J* Andrew ft. &oul£ mis department tail cheerfully endeavor to junnsh. any information, i.etters should be addressed to Dr. Andrew M. Soule, president Stats Agricultural College. Athens. Qa. WHAT THE CORN. CLUBS MEAN TO GEORGIA PART TWO. The influence which the Corn Clubs h"ve exerted on the growth of corn it not as fully appreciated as it should be. In 1909 3.383,061 acres wer e de voted to the cultivation of corn, 39,- 374,569 bushels being grown, or an average of 11.6 bushels per acre. In 1912 a little over 4,000 J 000 acres were devoted to corn, and in that extremely bad crop year nearly 57,000.000 bushels were produced, or an average of nearly 14 bushels per acre. Notice that the yield of 1912 is nearly IS,000,000 bush els above that of 1909. Surely it i^ conservative claim that the boys’ work influenced the yield on 500,000 acres to tl’o extent of ten bushels, thereby ad ding $5,000,000.00 to the revenue of the state. Certainly this is a good return on an investment of $7,000.00. and the writer honestly believes that if a claim of $10,000,000.00 were set up, it would still be fully justified by the facts. Why should Georgia not have 25,000 club members and raise one r.illion bushels of corn in 1913? Only because of the need of money from the stat e to enlarge and carry on the work. Surely this work can not longer be maintained as a charity. Many will be interested to know how the boys produced the results set forth in this paper. First of all, the land was selected with care. It was broken * thoroughly with large turning plows, and prepared with greater care and skill than is accorded the great ma jority of our farming lands. From five tons and upwards of yard manure or compost w’ere* applied per acre, some of it being broadcasted, but most of it used in the drill row. From 500 to 1,000 pounds of commercial fertilizer were used per acre, at least one-half of which was put under the drill row and from one to two side applications used relatively early in the growing season. In some instances nitrate of soda was applied at the rate of 100 pounds per acre. A few boys used as much as 150 pounds. The grade of fertilizer applied ranged from a 9-3-3 to a 10-4-5. In other words, the formulas were consid erably higher than those used by the av erage farmer. It is noticeable that the application of the old- standard, 8-2-2, seems to be disappearing so far as the Corn club boys are concerned. In a few instances the boys applied as much as one ton of commercial fertilizer, but they have been advised against using ex cessive amounts unless the ground is made very rich by applications of yard manure or green crops plowed under. Admitting that the boys selected es pecially good acres of land and that they fertilized and cultivated them with unusual skill and care and chose their seed wisely, they nevertheless obtain ed a result which justified any expendi ture of effort and money put forth. They demonstrated fully that by these principles alone can increased yields of corn be secured and that the methods of practice they followed may be made ex tremely profitable. The methods they used are adapted for use throughout the length and breadth of the state, and in fact only by their use can we hope to build up the productivity of our Geor gia soils. To show what has been accomplished tr, a given area, the record of Carroll rtvvmty is herewith submitted. <The highest yield made in 1910 was 75 bush els; in 1911, 105 bushels; in 1912, 123 bushels. In 1912, nine boys made 100 bushels per acre at a cost of 28 cents; 25 boys made 83 bushels per acre at a cost of 33 cents; 80 boys made 60 bush els per acre at a cost of 35 cents; there fore, 80 boys made 4,800 bushels on 80 acres. The total cost was $1,680 and the profit $3,120, or $40 per acre. Ac cording to the last census Carroll county produced 481,918 bushels of corn on 39,160 acres of land. The same area cultivated by the boys would have yield ed 2,349,600 bushels, or four times as much per acre as was actually secured by the farmers. Remember, that Car- roll is a progressive county; its popula tion is largely made up of white farm ers; and its soils are above the aver age in fertility. For these reasons it has been selected as an example of what may be accomplished for agricultural regeneration and development through the agency of the Boys’ Corn clubs. The Boys’ Corn clubs have been instru mental in establishing corn growing throughout the state of Georgia. For instance, in 1912 in Chattooga county, fifty-nine boys produced an average of forty-seven bushels of corn per acre; in Tattnall county twenty-one boys pro duced an average of seventy-one bushels of corn per acre; in Hart county forty- eight boys produced an average of 62.& bushels of corn per acre; in Muscogee county fourteen boys produced an av erage of 55 bushels of corn per acre; in Emanuel county twelve boys produced an average of 47.7 bushels of corn per acre. The clubs have played a most im portant and unique part in reviving tne county and school fair and in promoting the establishment of district fairs. Las* year fully $10,000 was contributed m prizes. Of this amount $1,500 was given in scholarships to the State College of Agriculture so that the boys winning premiums might come up to this institu tion and secure additional training to make them a more potent influence than ever in the development of their respec tive communities. Thus, the work of the corn clubs has brought the city and country interests more closely together than ever before and established a new bond of sympa thy. They have brought a new power and conception into the life of the boys. They have added efficiency to the school and related its work to home life. They have transformed the viewpoint of the teacher and parent and provided a basis for elementary instruction in agricul ture in the rural schools. They have demonstrated the value of scientific principles to farming, and finally, they have taught thrift, industry, persever ance and integrity, and emphasized the opportunity of the open country. * * * GROWING CORN IN BASIN LAND. A. W., Talking Rock, Ga., writes: I I am trying an acre in corn to see what 1 can do. The land is a red basin and has been in cotton for four or five years. 1 hauled twelve loads of oak leaf mold and scattered over it and turned it eight to ten inches.deep with a disk plow; then opened furrows with a middle breaker and put four loads of good stable manure and 600 pounds of a 9-3-3 fertilizer and stirred it well with the subsoil. I then listed and planted a little below the level. Please tell me how to fertilize for the best re sults. You have prepared your corn land very carefully, and you certainly are to be congratulated on incorporating with the soil such a considerable amount of vegetable matter in the form of leaves and yard manure. You have also used a very good formula on soil of the type described in your letter. Now __ we would advise you to give constant shal low cultivation to this crop. Use an implement of the Planet, Jr., or Iron Age type. Do not cultivate deeply for the first time, but cultivate just as late into the season as possible, and try and keep the crust broken after every rain. This is a very important matter. Thin your corn to a desirable stand as early as possible so as to save the energy of the soil fol* the plants which remain on the land. Use a side application of 200 pounds of about a 9-5-3 formula. Put 200 or 300 pounds on, scattering it ahead of the cultivator and working well into the surface soil. Of course, you may put it down with a fertilizer distributor if you want to. Ahy method to get it uniformly distributed over the land will be satisfactory. We think we would be inclined to put it in the middle of the row rather than alongside the drill. It may be advisa ble to use some nitrate of soda on this corn as a top dressing, especially where you desire to produce an extra heavy yield. We hardly think you will find this desirable, however, in view of the large amount of vegetable matter you have added to the soil. If your corn grows vigorously and maintains a good color throughout the season, we would not use the nitrate; otherwise, we would put on 100 pounds per acre, scattering it broadcast over the land and not covering it into the soil. Put it on well in advance of silking and tasseling. We think only one side ap plication of the formula mentioned above will be found advisable. * * * HEAVES IN HORSES. A. W., 'Talking Rock, Ga., writes. I have a mare that has a cough. I think she bad It about a year. She coughs worse . when she gets hot and eats dry feed. Keep ing her in a dry stall seems to make her cough. I would like to know what to do for her. From the description given in your letter It would appear that your horse is suffering probably from what Is known as heaves. This trouble may be In its incipiency or it may have devel oped to the point where it has become of a more or less chronic character. When this trouble becomes well estab lished there is no cure, for it. Atten tion to diet will relieve the distressing symptoms to a considerable extent, but they will return from time to time with varying degrees of intensity. Bulky feed should not be used or that which contains a small amount of nutriment. It is important that easily digested, clean, bright hay be used as roughness, and It should be free from dust. Moldy or dusty hay or fodder aggravates the trouble very materially. The animal 4 should be watered before feeding, and never right after a meal. Exertion when the stomach is full ag gravates this trouble. Turning on pas ture gives some relief, and the use of root crops of various kinds such as carrots or turnips will be found help ful. A half pint of thick dark mo lasses with each feed is also helpful. Sometimes Fowler’s solution of arsenic at the rate of three grains in each feed may be given for a few days. This medicine should be used cautiously, and, on account of its dangerous quali ties, we hesitate to recommend its ad ministration by unskilled persons. If | the bowels do not act regularly, lin seed or cotton seed oil may be used to advantage. 1 * * * ' —Z ^ ; DESTROYING THE GRAIN WEEVIL Rsdea* Wanted on., writes: i * 1 J°l ne Info . nnat i° n in regard to the wee vil that gets in corn and peas, and what Js - ren J e,1 * v for keeping them out? How is t.ie best way to plant celery seed ♦ pI . a , nts / an<1 when should they be transplanted? I have a mule that works double with the breeching on, but hitch her single with the breeching on and she kicks everything to pieces. Take off the breech- !ng and bark band and she works single all right Can you Suggest a remedv to stop her from kicking? Hitch a Taylor Saw Mill onto a Tay lor Engine and your outfit will saw more logs, keep going better and MAKE MORE MONEY FOR YOU t.han any saw mill on earth. You ought to know about our wire cable drive, ad justable idler and time-saving carriage backing device; ail sizes and prices. Write now for catalog. Mallary Machinery Company Dept. I, MACON, GA. Saw Mills, Engines, Shingle Machines, Gasoline Engines in each town to ride and exhibit sample 1918 bicycle. Write for special offer. $Wto'$27 >, * t '-7lth Coaster Brakes & Puncture Proof tires. 1911 A 1912 Models "T all of best makes . . B 4Z 1GO Second - Hand W/ice/s , All makes and models, (t* O g ood as new Ireat FACTORY CLEARING SALE f We Ship on Approval without o cent deposit, -pay the/reiaht.and allow „ tO OATS Ff(EE TRIAL. ES, coaster brake rear wheals, lamps, sun fl'dries, parts and r v lairs for ali makes of bicycles r'at half usual pricey DO WOT BUY until you got onr catalogue** and offer. Write now. »BAU CYCLE CO. Dept. D .1S0 CHICAGO Fish Bite Like Hungry Wolves. Fill your Nets Traps or Trot Lines if you bait with M AGIC-FISH-LURE. Best bait ever used for attracting h a |l kinds of fish. Write for price list to-day and get a box to help introduce it. Agents wanted. J. F. GREGORY, Dept. 8 St. Louis, Mo, Insects injurious to stored grain num ber some forty different species, but four which occur most commonly are the granary weevil, the rice weevil, the angoumois grain moth and the wolf moth. The first two of these are bee tles and the last two moths. The larvae of the first three mentioned live within the grain. This adds to the injury which they effect and the ease with which they may be distributed. All breed more rapidly in warm than in cold weather. The simplest and best remedy is to use carbon bisulphide at the rate' .of one pound to one ton of grain, or in empty rooms for every 1,000 cubic feet. Carbn bisulphide is not danger ous to handle except in the presence of artificial light. Therefore, do not smoke or light matches in the vicinity of it. When attempting to treat grain it should be put in a tight bin or box. Pour the sulphide in a dish and set on top of tho grain and cover with a tar paulin. If the . box can not be made tight, use more carbon bisulphate than has been suggested. Celery seed may be planted in a spe cially prepared bed. Dig out the earth to the depth of a foot or more and replace with well rotted yard manure. The top of it should consist of leaf mold or some other matter carrying a considerable percentage of vegetable matter. Sow the seed and later trans plant so as to give stockiness and qual ity. In August transplant in the open field in rows about 4 to 6 feet apaj’t. Dig a trench and fill it with well rotted ma nure and mix well with the soil. Then set the plants about 6 to 8 inches apart and press the soil firmly around them. Hill up the earth to the plants as they grow. Celery requires frequent cultiva tion and a rich soil in order to develop satisfactorily. Your mule seems to have developed a habit which it will be very difficult to break her of. Patience and kindness and the proper use of hopples may af ford you a measure of relief. * * * TREATING COTTON SEED PREVIOUS TO PLANTING. C. N., Alpharetta, Ga., writes: How Is cotton seed treated before planting? My cotton rotted last year and I am afraid to risk it this year, but I hate to give it up ns it is a good variety otherwise. The treating of cotton seed th destroy the fungus which causes anthracnose should only be regarded as a preven tive measure for the chances are that in any variety badly infested the fun gus will be found under the seed coat as well as un the outside. In that event, of course, the treatment witn formaldehyde would be ineffective. Where this treatment is pursued, how ever, as a preventive measure, use about one gallon of formaldehyde to eighteen gallons of water. The seed should be thoroughly immersed for about thirty minutes and then spread out to dry be fore planting. Anthracnose may be combated to some extent by cr&p ro tation and by selection of seed from plants growing in infested fields whicb have shown the largest measure of resistance to this trouble. This will be about the only effective method in the long run upon which the farmer can rely, and while one may hate to give up a variety no matter how fine qualities it may display, if it is badly infested with this disease, the chances of loss from year to year are so great that it would not seem advisable attempt its continued growth. MAINTAINING THE S6lL. BY USE OF FERTILIZER to WANTS TO JOIN A CORN CLUB. R. A. L., Siler City, N. C., writes: I am a boy of sixteen years of age and am going to join a corn club and would like to have your advice. I am going to plant an aerp of new ground; tbe soil is red and is in a swag; not wet natured nor yet dry. How much guano should I use? We are glad to know that you con template joining a corn club in your state. By all means push this work along and win for yourself a new interest and knowledge of the soil and its cultivation. You have an oppor tunity now to learn much about the influence of various fertilizers on crop growth and to study the principles of seed selection. This will enable you to farm with greater success and skill than has probably attended the effort of some of your friends and neighbors who have spent too much of their time laughing at what they are pleased to term scientific agriculture. Prepare your ground very thoroughly. This you no doubt have done already, and then fertilize the crop quite liber ally. The kind of fertilizer shvuld be determined somewhat by the character of the soil. We would use enough nitro gen to insure a vigorous growth and plenty of phosphorus and potash to sup ply the other essential elements needed by the crop. Land such as you de scribe can often be Improved by the use of lime. We think it rather late, however, to apply lime this year, but another season, a ton of the crushed raw rock would be of benefit. In the meantime put about 400 pounds of a 'formula containing 9 per cent of phos phorus, 3 per cent of nitrogen and 3 per cent of potash on your land. Use une or two side applications of about a 10-4-4. Put on 200 pounds at each application and apply relatively early in the season. It will be a great ben efit to your crop if you can incorpor ate some yard manure under the drill row, or In its absence use some well rotted leaf mold. As much as live tons per acre can be used to advan tage. * * * SECOND OR SIDE APPLICATIONS. P. F. W., Eatonton, Ga., writes: We would like, to know wbat grade of complete fertilizer to use for side applications on corn and cotton on the soils of this county Also how many applications to mae and how much to use in each apppllcatlon? Side applications of commercial fertiliz ers will be of two grades for corn and cotton. From one to two side applica tions may be made depending on soil and seasonable conditions. On heavy lands we think about an 8-3.6-4 would be a good formula to use on cotton, and on com a 10-4-4. On sandy lands for cotton we would use a 9-4-4, and for com a 10-4. 6-5. These formulas may be used at the rate of 200 to 300 pounds per acre. The nitrogen should be derived from at least two sources. Cotton seed meal may be used as the base, and nitrate of soda, sulphate of ammonia or blood as the com plement. This gives a relatively available nitrogen and an organic nitrogen. Side applications of this character should be put on.relatively early in the season. We hardly think two need be made on clay lands. On light sandy lands two can sometimes bt used, to advantage. Tn this instance we would use 200 pounds, putting the first on as soon as the cotton is chopped out and when the corn has been run aorund about the third time. The second application should be Put on two to three weeks later. Where nitrate of soda or sulphate of ammonia is used as a top dressing, 100 pounds per acre will be about the right amount to apply ordinarily. Put the nitrate on as a top dressing, but scatter the sulphate ahead of the cultivator and work in with the surface soil. Put the top dressing on the corn t least two weeks before bonching to tassel, and on the corn ordinarily not later than the 15th of June. Sulphate of ammonia will give its best results when applied to land which has previously been limed or which contains a fair percent age of lime. Most Georgia soils are low in this element, and the value of sulphate of ammonia as a top dresser is there fore somewhat limited at the present time. CARMACK AMENDMENT ATTACK IS FUTILE (Bv Associated Press.) WASHINGTON, May 15.—Another at tempt by railroads to annul the Car mack amendment to the interstate com merce laws making the initial carrier liable for damages to shipment on con necting lines, resulted today in failure in the supreme court, which held that a case the Norfolk and Western Rail : way company brought up had been de cided by Its previous opinions. BY O. H. SELLERS. This article is written with the Idea of presenting, in as concise and clear way as possible, the great need and great importance o fconserving the fer tility of our farm lands. Nearly two centuries ago when tne white man be gan the cultivation of the soils or America, only a narrow strip of land Adjacent to the Atlantic ocean w r as used for the growing or crops, anu when a field became'worn out a new spot of woodland was cleared. This practice has been handed down from generation to generation and is to be found today in almost every portion of our great country. Our soils are yearly producing crops wnich are be ing removed from tne land an notn- ing is being returned to them in ex change. The first farming of a virgin soil has nearly always been grain farm ing. Grain is gr u wn every year, witn no provision for keeping up the hu mus supply, either by means of barn yard manure or by plowing under materials; even the straw in the wheat growing sections often being burned. Little barnyard manure is produced, and that which is formed either thrown away or is allowed to lose most of its virtue before being put on the land. Very few farmers in any part of Amer ica. have yet learned to handle manure without losing one-half of its value. The fertility of the soil may be car ried away by erosion, by wind, or by water. Probably more soil fertility is lost in this way than by cropping. The necessity of maintaining the fer tility of the soil can not be too strongly urged. We have but to look around us to see the devastating effects of failing to provide for this. In China, for ex ample, there was no provision made at first for maintaining the fertility of the soil, and as a result of this method of farming no country is today as poor and unfertile as China. Famines are of frequent occurrence and when they do have a good year their harvests are mere pittances as compared with our abundant ones. When our forefathers first came to the New England states they found a soil as fertile and as rich as any they had ever dreamed of, and yet today the farms in many portions of the New England states are com pletely worn out and abandoned. Peo ple tell me that twenty or twenty-five years ago the Brazos river bottoms had cotton planted in eight foot rows and made two bales per acre and they thought at that time that this land was so rich that it would never wear outN A few weeks ago I made a trip to the famous Brazos river bottoms and found cotton planted in three and one- half foot rows and the people satisfied with a yield of three-quarters of a bale per acre. So you see the question is drawing near our homes and something must be done. Our soil fertility can best be main tained by restoring what is removed by our crops. Nitrogen, potash, lime and phosphates are removed in every crop that is harvested and all of these must be erturned if the fertility is to be maintained. When one of these val uable forms of plant food is deficient, poor crops result unless something con taining the element wanted is added. The lack of even one of these precious substances or forms of plant food will cause the crop to be about as poor as if all four of them were deficient. Nitrogen can be returned to the soil through commercial fertilizers, legumin ous crops and barnyard manure. The most important commercial fertilizers that are rich in- nitrogen are cotton seed meal and nitrate of soda. Cotton seed meal usually contains between six and seven pounds of nitrogen in each 100 pounds of meal and is, therefore, expen sive. It also contains some phosphate and potash. There are several grades of this meal, those that contain the largest proportion of hulls being the least valuable. This meal can not be used by plants until it has decayed. It is more suitable, therefore, for crops that occupy the land in the warm weath er than for very early crops which make their growth in cold weather. Nitrate of soda is a fertilizer with more than twice as much nitrogen as cotton seed meal. It costs more than twice as much per ton, but does not need to be used in such large amounts. There is another way in which nitrogen can be returned to the soil and a way in which we save paying such a high price for it. This is by the growing and turning under of leguminous crops, such as cowpeas, alfalfa, peanuts, soy beans, burr clover, velvet beans and crimson clover. It is ^probable that all of these crops will hot be suited to any one’s special soil, but at least some one of these will grow on your farm if prop er attention and care is given them. This fixing of nitrogen in the soil Is brought about by all of these crops hav ing the ability to take the free nitrogen from the air and fix it in tiny tubercles grown upon their roots. Potash can be returned to the soil by fertilizers which contain it. The most economic of these is kainit. It is dug from deep mines in Germany. It con-, tains about 12 per cent of potash. Mu riate of potash is obtained from the same source. About half its weight, or 50 per cent, is potash. Phosphates are those fertilizers that contain the element phosphorus in the SPRING CAMPAIGN AGAINST THE FLY It is well known that flies Increase with wonderful rapidity, but most people are ignorant of the exact rate of multiplica tion. Not only does a swat in time save nine, but it may save 9,000,000. It is es timated by Dr. O. L. Howard, of the United States bureau of entomology, that one pair of healthy flies will produce dur ing a single summer, 5,598,720,000,000 liv ing descendants. Suppose for a minute you left your house with two flies in it, with sufficient provender for these two and their chil dren, grandchildren, great-grandchildren and the rest of their descendants. When 3 r ou returned at the end of the summer you would find five trillions, five hundred and ninety-eight millions—5,598,720,000,000! festive little pests swarming through your home. One could swat all day, day after day and week after week, and still make but a small impression on this rapidly in creasing horde. You must keep in mind then that one swat at the beginning of the open season for fly-hunting saves trillions of potential swats. The important point of the campaign against files is to catch them early—early in the spring before they get a start. Flies, as you well know now, because of the campaign of education that has been waged, carry germs. In their little trav eling bags they carry malaria germs, typhoid, infantile paralysis and other deadly microbes. The flies that arrive with the early spring may bring infection into your house as well as the swarm that comes later, and it does little good to lock the stable after the horse is gone. If one’s tiny girl sickened because the early arrivals brought the germs of disease with them, you could not console yourself with waging war on the pests luring the rest of the summer. The federal public health service thinks that a fly is more dangerous than a raging elephant or a lion; it is almost the deadliest animal alive. This fact that people to a great extent have learned within recent years, is not ad mitted by every one. Most country women will confess that a fly is un pleasant—he lights on granddad’s bald head, he wakes the baby, and he wades in the strawberry jam, but some of the old-fashioned farm women think that is the limit of his evil deeds. Last year Italked to “Aunty,” the old housekeeper on our farm. She admit ted there was a strong case against Mr. Fly as a public nuisance, but •' that he was a dangerous criminal seemed doubt ful to her. The fly, like the poor, she said we always have with us. Her grandmother “shooed” flies out of the house, vigor ously shaking her apron or the “Fire side Companion” at them and sternly ordering them ’ to “shoo,” but she did not kill them; still she lived to be eighty-seven years old. Uncle Toby in Tristam Shandy gently let a fly go, as he was too kind hearted to injure it. Aunty thought fly swatting was cru elty to animals, but failed to recognize that not to swat them was cruelty to children. Her objections summed up amounted to: If you swat the fly you leave a mark on the clean wall paper or cleaner kitchen table. If you poison him the fly inconsiderately selects the cream pitcher for a graveyard. If you put sticky fly paper around the room the pat sits down in it. How then are you to kill them? Let the poor little “critters” alone, she declared. They must have some reason for living, or they never would have been created. Now, Aunty named the three chief ways of fighting flies after they are allowed to get a start. Taking them in order we find that swatting flies as she says “smudges up” elean walls and tables. Most people use a newspaper to swat the little germ carriers; of the few that own a patent fly swatter not many are skilled enough to kill the pests without dirtying the hbuse. But of this way of kiling flies it must be said that it is interesting. It is a “sporting” game wherein the fly has some chance, but Cottolene makes delicious doughnuts Cottolene makes delicious doughnuts—free from sogginess, grease and indigestion. The rea son is that Cottolene contains vegetable oil—not animal fats— heats to a much higher degree than butter or lard, fries so quickly that it forms a crisp, dry crust over the dough and prevents the absorbing of the fat. Cottolene is decidedly better than butter or lard for all short ening and frying. It is healthier, it is quicker, it is more economical. Cottolene costs no more than lard; you use but two-thirds of a pound of Cotto lene to do the work of a full pound of butter or lard. Cottolene is never sold in bulk—al ways in air-tight tin pails, which pro tect it from dirt; vdust and odora. It is always uniform and dependable. THE N. K. FAIRBANK COMPANY form of phosphoric acid. There are three kinds of phosphate that are or different value. The first is natural or raw phosphate, sometimes calleu Tennessee phosphate, Carolina phos phate, or floats. It is simply the phos phate rock just as it is dug from its place in phosphate beds, except that it has been ground into a very fine pow der. Since roots generally can not ab sorb much of this form of phosphate it will not dissolve In pure water, it is called insoluble pnosphate. Acid phosphate is so called because it is made by adding sulphuric acid to the raw or natural phosphate. This acid so changes the phosphate that roots can immediately absorb it. The phosphate in acid phosphate is called soluble. There is a third or intermediate form that plants can use. This and the soluble phosphate are added together and called the available phosphoric, that is, the kind the plants can use promptly. The use of lime is a point In the proper fertility scheme of a farm, for if your soil is acid or sour, the leguminous plants will not produce the tubercles which have tbe power or fixing nitrogen in the soil. Hopkins, of Illinois, advocates the use of agricul tural or crushed lime. It is best to apply the lime to your soil once In every three or four years instead or small amounts each year. One of the fundamental causes for the decrease in crop yields is the ex haustion of the humus supply. There are three ways of supplying humus to the soil. The first and best Is the ad dition of stable manure. When prop erly managed It adds large quantities of both plant food and humus. The following table will give some idea ot how much can be returned to the soil through farm manure: FERTILIZER MATERIAL RETURNED IN FARM MANURE. One hundred bushels corn contains 100 Manure from 100 bushels corn contains 75 Total loss to soil when 100 bushels of corn is produced, fed to ani mals and manure re turned to the soil ... 25 One thousand pounds cot ton seed contains .... 31.5 Manure from 1,000 pounds cotton seed contains 23.6 Total loss to the soil when 1,000 pounds cot ton seed is produced, fed to animals and the manure returned to the soil 7.9 17 19 13 16 5.5 9.1 4.4 8.1 1.1 1.4 1— Pounds of nitrogen. 2— Pounds of phosphorus. 3— Pounds of potassium. It is very evident by referring to the above table that the cheapest and surest w’ay for the farmer to enrich his land and to make larger profits is by con- stanly adding vegetable matter. To do this one of the best ways is by feeding your forage crops to live stock on your farm and saving the manure from them. Manure has been found to benefit the soil in the following ways: 1. It makes the soil loose and mellow, allowing the roots and air to come into direct contact with all parts of the soil. 2. After it is rotted it enables the soil to hold moisture in dry weather. 3. It furnishes plant food to the roots of growing crops. 4. It adds bacteria and causes the beenfleial ones already in the soil to thrive and multiply, thus helping the crops. on LU1 Infill and It pays to do it, if one uses the right goods. Two applications of 200 lbs. each per acre arc recommended by a well-known Southern investigator and experimenter. He suggests a 5-5-5 formula, or a mixture of equal parts of Acid Phosphate, Kainit and Nitrate of Soda. Side dress cotton when the plants are 10 inches high and again when the bloom begins to open. Where cotton is inclined to rust, use KAINIT ... making two applications of 200 pounds each per acre.' This is also effective against root lice and cut worms on corn, if applied early enough v It will pay you to try it, for Potash Pays. Order Kainit now before the supply is exhausted. We sell Kainit and Potash Salts, any quantity from one 200-lb. bag up. GERMAN KALI WORKS < Whitney Central Bank Building Savannah Bank & Trust Btrildintf NEW ORLEANS, LA. SAVANNAH, GA. it is a slow way to get rid of them. Last year in my little house on the farm I tried swatting flies—and I found that little chickens like to eat them— but the flies few in faster than I could swat them. It took time to hunt down each single—and married—fly and *time, as you probably have learned by this time, is valuable. Poisoning flies kills them off rapidly, but an inquisitive baby is apt to indulge in a meal of fly poison, and one can not recommend it as a baby food. Further more, as Aunty says, the flies have a habit of choosing the worst places for their burial ground. They drop in the milk crocks, in the open churn, in the apple butter and in every place where one doesn’t want them. All in all, the most satisfactory meth od is the sticky fly paper. It catches the germs on the flies’ feet as well as the flies themselves. It can be placed on tables, chairs and window ledges out of reach of babies, dogs and cats. Even if the cat does wade into it you can get the satisfaction of a hearty laugh out of it. In fighting flies as in many other things prevention is far better than cure. In this case prevention is not only bet ter but easier. Don’t let the flies get started; catch the early birds. Swat ’em, poison ’em or imprison them on fly paper, but “do it early.”—Woman’s World. 300 MILES OF ROAD TO BE WORKED IN COLQUITT Six Road Gangs Now Busy. "Good Roads at Any Price,” Say Farmers MOULTRIE, Ga., May 16.—The com missioners of Colquitt county are un dertaking to work 300 miles of road this year. One hundred miles of this will be number, one road construction—as good as the best road work being done in the state, while 200 miles will be Class B roads, the work being done with free labor. Six well equipped road gangs are now in operation, in as many different parts of the county. Two convict gangs do the highest grade work on the mail lines of road, while four free labor squads work the district roads. In addition to the road construction, the commissioners are putting in op eration equipment and system for main taining the roads, and they will also build a number of steel bridges during the year. Farmers of the county have come to realize the advantage of good roads, and they are demanding them at almost any price. EFFORT TO WRECK ERIE TRAIN IS UNSUCCESSFUL HARRA PATERSON, N. J., May 16.— A third unsuccessful attempt to wreck an Erie pasbenger train was made here today. Trainmen balked two men who tried to uncouple coaches from the locomotive. They escaped. The state rested its case today In the trial of Patrick Quinlan, the Industrial Workers of the World leader, indicted for inciting to riot, and the defense be gan. CREATED BT THE HOUSE Rules Committee Also Agrees to Public Health and Quar antine Committee 1 'By Associated Tress.) WASHINGTON, May 15.—The good roads congress convention met another success again today when the house rules committee agreed to report for a good roads committee of twenty-one mebers, of which Representative Shack elford, of Missouri, is slated to be chaUman. It also agreed in favor of a public health and quarantine committee of fifteen members, probably to bel headed by Representative Foster, ot Illinois. Creation of the two additions to the legislative machinery of congress Is lit accord with the Democratic platfortn. L’ENGLE LEGISLATED OUT OF CONGRESS? Florida Redistricts State Con gressional Districts—L’Engle Congressman at Large TALLAHASSEE, Fla., May 15.—The house passed by a bis majority Sena tor Johnson's bill which redlstrlotS the state Into four congressional districts, and legislates congressman-at-large out, provided the governor signs the bill. Representative Floyd made an elo quent talk for the Progressives, In whloh he referred to L’Engle, congressman-at- large, as the leding Progressive in the state, and should remain as It was od the “wooman spare that tree" idea. I BRYANT F0LS0ME HELD GUILTY OF MANSLAUGHTER QUITMAN, Ga., May 15.—Bryant Fol-t, some was found guilty late yesterday afternoon of voluntary mansaughter bff the Jury which has bleen trying the 1 case. Folsome Shot andl killed David Wadron during the Christmas holidays.' accusing him of having sent an in sulting post card to his sister. Folsome apologized for the Incident, and it was thought the affair had been settled amicably. Judge Thomas has not passed sen tence yet. u. S. SUPREME COURT RECESSES UNTIL MAY 26 WASHINGTON. May 15.—The su preme court recessed today until May 86 without announcing decisions in the state rate or other Important cases be fore it. It Is understood an attempt will be made to decide all business be fore final adjournment for the summer on June 9. At Soda Fountains or Carbon ated in Bottles.' i THE COCA-COLA COMPANY, Atlanta, Ga. ■n 0 , U c ^KEEP COST II V An engine* „ best adapted for your work is the^ „ engine you can depend ^ on—capable of heavy and ^ steady work every day and with less upkeep in cost. Cole’s Engines are the result of more than Wf* years experience and success. Their wonderful dur- ability-actual economy of fuel-their high grade mater- __ lal-skllled workmanshlp-thelr constant and reliable par te * • formance gives you the utmost In power and the greatest valued ocia on a gennine guarantee j n en gines your money can buy. Compaot and have balanced valves. ’ If you will make a comparison with any other engine, you 1 .will find Its superiority at once. All these are things to too' f or-that count In buying an engine. Don’t buy an engine until you have Investigated the Cole. Write today for catalogue and full Information regarding out speolal engine offer. Do this now. ft. D. COLE MANUFACTURING CO., Box K NEWNAN, GA.. !mYj| BUGGIES CENTURY BUGGIES arc built for hard service. The best of msterisl andworkmanship used throughout—every detail of construction and finish n^Iy inspected and tested. EverjVehicle Guaranteed for 3 Year*. ^ lv ., v . t jry v o Sell Direct to the User—cut out all middlemen’* !s and save vnn <?=; nn 1nn _ EASY profit, and „re you $2.1.00 to $45.00. *■ PAYMENTS O ON ALL VEHICLES Fay for your buggy while you use it, Bafry shown here—triplo auto seat, latest model, highest quality— J®***‘ v “'“ e $100.00 to $125.00. Our prices range from $29.50 ups * 1/1 .00 down and $5,00 a month—guaranteed to please or yoat money back. Write for Freight Paid Prices. Your credit is good—write for Free catalogs showing full 11ns ?'Surreys end farm Wa£ons. We make > fine like oi trAr_fL SS—an<5 1* at lowest price. -v for Catalog. CENTURY MANUFACTURING C0.,Dep:.315, Ext St.lools.IU. or Dept. 818, 800 Flllh Ave., bevy York Clip.