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! 6 THE ATLANTA SEMI-WEEKLY JOURNAL, ATLANTA, GA., TUESDAY, MAY 20, 1913. This department will cheerfully endeavor m furnish any information. Letters should be addressed to Dr. Andrew M. Soule, president Stats Agricultural College, Athens, Oa. THE LAWN BEAUTIFUL W HAT is more attractive than a beautiful lawn? It adds 25 per cent to the appearance of the home. It not only enhances the value of the property, but It lends a type of beauty and attractiveness which can be obtained in no other way. Why is it that there are so few really nice lawns? Is it because this question is not considered of importance or is it owing to the difficulty so many experi ence in developing and maintaining a beautiful stand of grass during the summer season? Some years of experi ence in a position where a large amount of correspondence has been received from all classes of citizens would indi cate that there is a much greater in terest in the question of attractive lawns than some might suppose, and that this interest is not by any means confined to the city home owner, but frequently finds an echo in the heart of the farmer as well. To have a beautiful lawn it is es sential that the land be put in good condition. T-his means that frequently a year will be necessary to put the ground in proper shape. Of course, where money is not considered, the land should first be carefully graded and leveled, and then if a choice type of Bermuda or blue grass sod be available it should be transferred to the freshly graded surface and properly compacted and sprinkled to insure a quick start. Before the grass is laid there should be scattered over the graded area a number of loads of rich earth from the wood lot. It will also be good practice to put down at the rate of 1,000 to 2,000 pounds per acre a formula containing about 9 to 10 per cent of phosphorus, 6 per cent of nitrogen and 6 per cent of potash. The nitrogen may be derived from cot ton seed meal and other organic mate rials. The phosphoric acid and potash may be obtained from acid phosphate and muriate of potash respectively. Putting the fertilizer down under the sod prevents its being washed away and yet brings an abundant supply of quickly available plant food within the reach of the roots immediately they start to grow*. The organic nitrogen will be better for the purpose indicated because it becomes more slowly avail able and t^ie growing plants will be able to utilize it, therefore, to greater advantage than if it were all in a con dition where they could take it up at once. Securing a good sod is often a difficult problem and, of course, this is the most expensive way in which to establish a lawn, but experience, would indicate that it is also one of the most satisfactory. Where the land intended for grass is in very bad physical condition, it should be plowed, scraped and leveled, and then may be seeded the first year to cowpeas or velvet beans. This can often be done to advantage on an open lawn, but if there are many shade trees with only fair success. As a vigorous growth is desired, it w’ill be advisable to use fertilizer in a more liberal manner than would ordinarily be necessary with legumes, and a higher per cent of nitro gen w’ill be found profitable than could be used under these crops under field conditions. A 10-3-5 would be a good formula to use. The nitrogen in this instance may again be derived from cot ton seed meal or such other organic sources as the owner may consider as cheap of as easy to obtain. In the fall the cowpeas or beans should be plowed under, and if the land is extremely poor, a winter,cover crop may be sown to be again turned under early in the spring. Bermuda grass could not, of course, be sown to advantage in the fall. Italian rj'e or some of the other rye grasses may be used to advantage. At best they only seem to produce a temporary lawn beautifully green in the winter, but dying down and frequently leaving the bare ground exposed in the. summer. The other grasses available for lawn purposes are Texas Blue, Kentucky Blue and Bermuda. The latter ig by all odds the most satisfactory for the ^varied conditions prevailing in the southeastern states, as it will make a more" dense sod and maintain itself to better ad vantage than any of the others. It has the disadvantage of dying down when the frosts appear in the .fall and pre senting an unattractive appearance dur ing the winter. This may be overcome to a considerable extent by sowing some of the rye grasses on the sod in the fall, encouraging the growth of blue grass by frequent top dressings of pul verized limestone at the rate of one ton per acre, or through the setting out of Texas blue grass roots. This is a tedious and somewhat expensive under taking, but in the course of time the blue grass will spread and a fine lawn w’ill be had both summer and winter. Kentucky blue grass can only be grown under shaded or semi-shaded conditions, and it will only thrive in those loca tions where it is frequently watered in the summer, and where the soil has been abundantly supplied with lime. Not less than two tons per acre of the pul verized rock should be used w’here one attempts to establish a blue grass lawn and frequent applications should be made thereafter. There are some who object to Ber muda grass on the ground that it will only grow on fairly open lawns. As a matter of fact, these are as a rule the most beautiful from an aesthetic pqint of view, and where the trees are prop erly placed and trimmed rather high, a Bermuda sod can be kept in excel lent condition, and for several months of the year will present a more at tractive appearance than any other grass which can be used for lawn pur poses in the southeastern states. Ber muda grass will get along with less wa ter and less care than any of the other grasses, but like all of them, will be benefited by liberal fertilization. As the grass is expected to grow for several months slow’ acting forms .of nitrogen will be found satisfactory. In the early spring a little nitrate of soda may be used as a top dressing, say at the rate of 100 pounds per acre to start the grass off promptly. Then an application of a formula made up of cotton seed meal, acid phosphate and potash may be used to good advtange. As it may be difficult to obtain the per cent of ni trogen desired fn a lawn dresser from cotton seed meal alone, blood or sul phate of ammonia may often be used in the mixture to advantage. A lawn should receive annually an application of 500 to *1,000 pounds per acre of a formula containing about 9 per cent of phosphoric acid, 5 to 6 per cent of ni trogen and '6 to 7 per cent of potash. Where this is done and the grass is regularly trimmed and propehly watered, a beautiful lawn may be had for the greater part of the year, and even though it may be brown at certain sea sons, a fine dense sod will be main tained at all times and thus effectualy prevent washing or erosion. There are few things which add so much to the appearance of the home as a good lawn. After all, one can be had and maintained without serious effort on the part of the home owner. Those who are having trouble with this mat ter are not using the right grass or grasses or are not fertilizing and car ing for the land properly. It is strange that moBt people imagine that a grass sod will renew itself from year to year wtihout the use of fertilizer. It is for this reason that so many experience dif ficulty in maintaining a satisfactory sod on the lawn. Remember that the growth of a lawn is dependent largely on an abundant supply of nitrogen and that this element must be used in a form which will render some of it avail able to the growing plants for the greater part of the year. Lime will do much to improve the quality of the grass and to hold in check weeds which thrive best under an acid soil con dition. Top dressing with well rotted manure once a year is very desirable, and though the lawn may not be quite so attractive, it is best to leave the clippings on the surface rather than to remove them as is so often practiced. If the grass is cut often enough suffi cient clippings will not accumulate to look unsightly or to injure the lawn in any way. * * « FEEDING THE CORN CROP. S. C., Griswoldvllle, Ga., writes: I am thinking of using the following on my corn: 350 pounds of 10 per cent acid, 150 pounds of 12 per cent kalmt, and 100 pounds of cotton seed meal. Will that be a suflcient amount of nitrogen? How much corn should I make with good cultivation? I will make two side applications. The formula you propose using under your corn would contain approximately 26.5 pounds of available phosphoric acid, 6.18 pounds of available nitrogen, and 20 pounds of available potash. Its percent age composition would therefore be 6.6 per cent of phosphoric acid, 1.5 per cent of nitrogen and 5 per cent of potash. .We would not consider this a well balanced formula for corn, but would advise you to increase the nitrogen by the use of at least 100 pounds of cotton seed meal. This would raise the nitrogen to 3 per cent which we think is a desirable thing for you to do. A couple, of side applications on your corn provided they are put on relatively early in the season will be an advantage. Allow from two to three weeks between these side applications depending on seasonal conditions. We would put the second application on about the second or third application of the corn. Mix the fertilizer well with the top soil where you use a relatively slow acting form of nitrogen as cotton seed meal. We would advise you to cultivate the corn very thoroughly and persistent ly, using shallow surface working imple ments to that end. Keep it free from weeds and the crust broken. There is no telling how much corn you should make with the amount of fertilizer suggested, but under favorable seasonal conditions you should count on fifty bushels and up wards per acre. • * • TREATMENT OF A SICK MULE. A subscriber, Sumner, Ga., writes: I have a mule that is not well, and at times has something like colic. I feed her ear corn, oats and fodder, but her food does not seem to digest. I have given her linseed oil, salts and castor oil, and she will get better for a while, but it docs not last. Would like to know what to do for her. Undoubtedly your mule is suffering from a case of more or less chronic in digestion, a trouble which can best be remedies by proper feed, care and man agement. We would suggest that you change the feed entirely for a few days and give bran mashes. Then use green feed as much as possible. Feed oats alone for a week or two, and then mix ear corn and oats together, using two- thirds of the former and one-third of the latter. Be sure that the fodder is clean and bright and free from dust and mold. Some good clean hay will be a very desir able amendment to the ration. If you have some vetch and oats growing to gether or even oats alone, use them as roughness for a few days. We would suggest that you can give a dose of Ep som salts to cleanse the alimentary canal. This is an important matter. After that use the following condition powder as directed: Sulphate of iron, 2 ounces, Nitrate of potash, 2 ounces. Gentlal root, 2 ounces. Nux vomica seed, 1 ounce, Ginger root, 1 ounce. These materials should be thoroughly mixed together and pulverized, and a heaping teaspoonful given in the food three times daily. • * • PLANTING CORN IN THE WATER FURROW, U R. S.. Winder, Ga., writes: I have a piece of ground I want to make a large yield of corn on. It will make about one- half bale of cotton per acre. I have the ground turned with two horses and har rowed. My plan is to plant In the water furrow and use about 600 pounds of 10-2-2 guano and about 150 pounds osda per acre. How far apart shall I have my rows and how close to plant in the drill. My land is gravelly. Do you think the fertilizer I am using is all right? Gravelly land is likely to dry out rather quickly and to lose a good deal of moisture by subdrainage. On this account vegetable matter is a very im portant amendment to use on soil such as you describe. It may not be possi ble for you to get either litter or yard manure for you to use, but if you can, apply several tons per acre, mixing it well with the subsoil underneath the drill row and combining it with the fer tilizer. We are disposed to think that 600 pounds is a fair application to use under corn, but doubt the advisability of not using a little more potash, say at least 4 per cent. The 2 per cent of nitrogen which you use under the crop In combination with the soda a top dressing will furnish a fair amount of nitrogen. If this could be supplemented with vegetable matter as suggested and seasonal conditions are at all favor able, you should be able to make a good crop on the land in question. We think it is good practice to plant in, *he water furrow under the circumstances, We would select a prolific type of corn, as we think nothing better will be found for growth on upland soils, and plant in drill 4 1-2 feet apart and leave the plants about 12 to 15 inches apart in the drill rows. • * * LEGUMES AS NITROGEN GATH ERERS. J. C. M., Decatur, Ga.:, writes: I would like some Information In regard to the man ner in which the cowpea gathers nitrogen from the air. Can 1 determine if the soil Is inoculated by examining the roots of last year’s pea stubble? If I find my land is not Inoculated how shall I go about inocu lating it? Will I store nitrogen in the soil when I cut peavines for hay or must the whole crop be turned under? If you will examine the roots of the pea crop in the early stages of its de velopment, you will find little white knots or excrescences thereon. If a con siderable number of these have devel oped on the plants scattered throughout your field, your land is quite well inocu lated, and the use of artificial cultures is unnecessary. When the bacteria are not present in the soil the pea crop does not do well, as a rule, and the plants are sickly and yellow in appearance. A bright green color and vigorous growth is a pretty good surface evidence that the land is inoculated. Peas, as you no doubt know, require considerable quan tities of phosphorus and potash, and though some of our north Georgia red clay lands contain a large amount of potash, much of it is not in an avail able form to plants, and therefore lime must be used to set it free, or artificial supplies of potash added to the soli. We think the use of a 10-4 formula at the rate of 300 to 400 pounds per acre will be found profitable on this crop. If you use lime put on\ a ton of the pulverized rock two weeks or so before planting ‘'“RobbinJlhe Dining Room to Pay the.Kjlcnen l\TO wonder butter is so high. } ^ Particular women who are V -.ill loath to use lard or cooking but- ? k f§| ter in their cakes and fine pastry, use table butter. With butter at the price you have to pay for it, that’s downright extravagance. Cottolene is just as good as butter for pastry; for frying, it is better. And Cottolene costs no more than lard. Moreover, If Cottolene is richer, and two-thirds of a pound of it will go as far as a full pound of butter or lard. And lard and Cottolene are not to be mentioned in the same breath, for Cottolene is a vegetable product, healthful, always safe — and makes digestible, rich, but never greasy food. Remember, Cottolene is better than butter, better than -Fried Oysters Use large oysters; parboil a moment to dry out some of the juice to pre vent spattering during the frying. Lay them in seasoned bread crumbs, beaten egg and again in bread crumbs, then brown a few at a time in deep, smok ing-hot Cottolene. lard —and much more economical. Made only by - THE N. K. FAIRBANK COMPANY THE MOST PROFITABLE VARIETIES OF COWPEAS BY PROP. O. Xi. NEWMAN, North Carolina A. and M. College. That the yield of cowpea seed Is not what it should be Is evident. That very little effort has been made toward the development of seed-producing strains is an unfortunate fact, though each farmer could materially remedy this de fect. Local adaptation is the first requisite in the selection of a variety. It is probable that not one man in a thousand fully appreciates the necessity of this. The writer has grown not less than 100 varieties collected from Pennsylvania to Oklahoma and from Michigan to Florida; and has grown for purposes of comparison probably 2,000 plats. These tests were made in three states and on several types of soil. The results of these tests together with the conclu sions that may # be drawn from them would make quite a goodrsized book. Further, conclusions drawn from these tests cannot positively be ap plied to other localities than those where the tests were made unless these other localities possess the same soil, climate and other condi tions prevailing where the tests were made. As is the case with other crops, certain types or varieties will succeed well in some and not in other sections, while .some have a wide adaptation. Variety tests ma&e in the southern states will show that the best two for yield of seed tested at the separate stations varies throughout the list, though there are several varieties that stand near the top in nearly all the tests. The varie ties of cotton, corn, oats, wheat, etc., that stand first in Georgia are quite different from those that stand first in Alabama or in South Carolina. Duplication and Confusion of Names. An unfortunate condition is found in the naming of the varieties of cow peas. There are several widely grown varieties that pass under half-a-dozen names. There are at least a dozen different varieties of "black cowpeas" while the Whippoorwill is sold and is grown under at least six names. Varietal differences causes no end of confusion. I have grown side-by-side varieties producing no ripe peas and varieties yielding 36 or 40 bushels per acre; varieties producing less than one ton of hay and varieties producing more than four tons per acre. Some varieties will have ripe pods within 60 days of planting, others require twice the time. The habit of some varieties gives a growth as compact as the garden bush bean, others will spread many feet or climb to the top of the tallest corn. Some will ripen all seed within a week or ten days, others con- inue to blossom and set pods after peas have ripened on the same vine. Some hold green leaves until frost, while others cast practically all leaves as the peas ripen. These differences are desirable if taken advantage of in the growing of the cowpea for the many purposes to which it Is adapted, and afford opportunities for the development of valuable strains well adapted to various localities. Almost nothing has been done in the way of breeding the cowpea, yet the best cowpea Tor a given purpose on a given farm is most prob ably that variety or strain which has been carefully and Intelligently bred on that farm and for a speciflce purpose. HOOW TO IMPROVE YOUR PEAS. Any farmer can improve his cowpeas the peas and then no potash need be used, in our judgment. If you find your pease are not inocu lated you may use the artificial cul tures, which I understand are* sold al most exclusively through seed houses. If your peas developed nodules last year, it is not necessary for you to inoculate the soil this year. When they accumu late In the land in any considerable numbers they live over from year to year in sufficient numbers to meet the needs of the average crop. The bacteria living in the nodules on the roots of leguminous crops give them their sole power of assimilating atmospheric ni trogen, and in the absence of these bac teria the crops do not gather nitrogen from the air, and though they make a vigorous growth they are in reality rob bing the soil of its supply of nitrogen. Most of the nitrogen gathered from the air is stored in the grain and leaves. Therefore when you cut off a crop you leave in the roots, stubble and fallen leaves from 20 to 35 pounds of nitrogen per acre. A crop of cowpeas may gath er as much as 100 to 125 pounds of nitrogen. You will see, therefore, in cutting off the crop and making it into hay, you are removing from the soil the greater part of the nitrogen which the crop has elaborated. * * * INFLUENCE OF COTTON SEED ON LAND. S. S. t\, v »dalia, Ga., writes: Does green cotton seed ’mprove land very much? Is it not a good Idea to broadcast them on the land, say In January or before, and plow them under? A ton of cotton seed contains from $10 to $11 worth of plant food, depending on the market- price of commercial fer tilizer. The green seed have no effect in the soil save the benefit which may accrue to growing crops from their rapid decay and the setting free of the plant food which they contain. Some have suggested that cotton seed add humus to the soil, but the amount or dinarily used would not affect the per cent of humus to any appreciable ex tent. As the seed contain a considerable quantity of oil their use Is not to be strongly recommended save when their sale price is much below that of their fertilizing value. The oil tends to clog up the pores of the soil and in this re spect is detrimental rather than bene ficial. Where seed are used we think it good practice to broadcast them and turn them into the ground at the season of the year you have suggested. This allows them to decay and renders the food available to growing crops. • • • CONTROLLING RED WEED. N. R. M., Forsyth, Ga., writes: I have 25 acres of red weed land that has been lying out for two or three years. I would like advice In regard to sowing it down to oats next fall, how to prepare the land, etc. How much guano must I use per acre and what kind? What variety of oats should I sow? Presumably by red weed you mean a form of dock which grows more or less commonly In this state and is supposed to thrive best on land which is acid in character. We would suggest that you secure some blue litmus paper from a drug store and test your land for acid ity by scraping away the surface soil to a depth of two or three inches. Take a handful of the dirt and put in a clean tin cup and moisten thoroughly with rain water and insert a piece of the litmus paper. If it turns red in a short time it is an indication that the soil is quite acid. If this be true we believe it will pay you to break this land with two-horse plows and prepare a fine seed bed. Then apply a ton of the pulverized raw lime rock per acre. Secure a type of this material running high in carbonate of lime. Scatter it broadcast over the surface of the ground and harrow it in. In a few days apply 300 to 400 pounds of a 10-4 for mula and sow to cowpeas. Then graze the peas down in the late summer and plow the refuse under. Prepare a good seed bed and sow to oats in the open furrow using a carefully selected strain of the rust proof variety. Under the oats we would suggest that you use 300 to 600 pounds per acre of a formula containing about 8 per cent of phospho rus," 2 peh cent of nitrogen and 3 per cent of potash. GUYTON FARMERS ARE NOW REAPING PROFITS GUYTON, Ga., May 17.—The farm ers of this community who were for tunate enough to get in their seed on reaping their anticipated rewards. Only about one out of every five truck farmers succeeded in getting their seed up from the early planting of potatoes and string beans, which are considered an early crop for this part of Georgia, and are bringing good prices. Mr. H. P. Perdue, one of the early truckers, will * be the largest shipper of potatoes as well as onions this season. The latter crop is an ex periment crop here, but bids fair to be one of the most profitable. Mr. Perdue will get about 1,000 crates of onions that will class with the finest on the market to each acre, for which he has been offered an av erage of 76 cents per crate. His po tato crop will average equally as well, and he expects to ship 15,000 barrels during this season. Colonel R. W. Sheppard, who is among the largest growers of beans in this county, has about 135 acres that he has planted in beans and potatoes, and are among the finest prospects for the season. EXPERIMENT STATION FOR LONG STAPLE RESEARCH (Special Dispatch to The Journal.) CHARLESTON. May 17.—The sea, is land or long staple cotton planters have appealed to the chamber of commerce to institute a study of the condition of be industry and secure, if possible from !he government the establishment of an •xperimental station for long staple re search. also getting the government co operation for full data upon the produc tion of long staple cotton and market ing conditions. The planters hope to effect methods which will save the in dustry, now so seriously threatened. In a very simple manner. The start should be made with the variety that has done best in the neighborhood where the future crops are to be grown. The principles of selection are the same as those practiced in the selection’ of corn or cotton, but adapted, of course, to the cowpea. In a field of cowpeas there are a few best plants and many average and a great many poor ones. The plant ing- should be such as to allow the In dividual plants to develop normally. This they will not do if sown broad cast or if sown too thick In drills. Each plant should have equal and ample chance for Its best development. When the ripe peas begin to appear select only the few plants that show the high est development of characters and quali ties desired; and, be sure that you know what these qualities are when you see them. Select plants that are as nearly alike as possible. From these selec tions plant the next year’s seed patch and from this seed patch select the best and most uniform plants for an other seed patch and keep this up indefi nitely. If the seed from each plant selected for growing the seed patch are planted in rows unmlxed with seed from other plants the results will be far more satisfactory. Increased production per acre cannot, however, be secured satisfactorily through breeding or seed selection alone. The best preparation must be given and fertilization and cultivation should be appropriate. Since the cow pea is a tap-rooted plant, and delights in sending its roots deep in the soil, every effort should be made that will assist it in this undertaking. Plow deep and pulverize well.- Because the cowpea will do well on poor soil and with shift less preparation, do not be deluded into thinking it will not respond to good treatment, for it will respond as well as will cotton or corn. Do not plant too thick. A peck per acre is ample for growing seed, and ten pounds will do for New Era, Couch, Lady and other very small seed varieties. This is for land that will produce about thirty bush els of corn per acre. If the land Is capable of producing sixty or more bushels of corn it will be better to use fewer cowpea seed, for you want every plant to secure Its full development and produce its best seed. Rye and crimson clover plowed down soon after blooming will go a long way towards producing a good crop of cow pea seed, if phosphoric acid and potash are used. Do not plant cowepas after vetch. Use from 300 to 500 pounds of 16 per cent acid phosphate and from forty to fifty pounds of muriate of potash or Its equivalent In kalnlt (160 to 200 pounds). If the land is deficient in vegetable mat ter use seventy-five or 100 pounds of ni trate of soda—it is better and cheaper than cotton seed meal, though stable ma nure is superior to either. PEAS FOR SPECIAL NEEDS. (1) Early peas for hogs to graze: The ■Whippoorwill is probably the best for this purpose over a wide area, but the New Era is better in some localities and is a week or more earlier. On some soils the Calico and Brown Eye are strong rivals of the Whippoor will in both earliness and yield. War ren’s New Hybrid is earlier and Iron and Taylor a little later, the last two pro ducing well, though the Taylor does bet ter on clay than on sand soils.' The ex tra early Blackeye is good on some soils. (2) To plant in cotton at last cultiva tion: This depends upon whether you do or do not wish to gather peas. If the object is to restore humus to the soil the variety that will produce the heaviest growth is the best, and may be found in Iron, Whippoorwill, Clay, Ram’s Horn or Brown Eye. It is not often that many peas may he gathered from the sowings made in cotton, though New Era, Whip poorwill, Calico, and Brown Eye have the habit that will give them the preference for this purpose. (3) What pea for hay? The one that will give the heaviest yields per acre and at the same time give the greatest quan tity of peas, since the value of cowpea hay is increased In about the proportion of peas hay contains, provided the leaves are retained. Wonderful, Clay, Iron and one or two varieties of the blacks are preferable if the season Is ample for their full development. For shorter sea son Whippoorwill, Red Whippoorwill, Calico, Brown Eye, are good and on some soils the New Era. A variety fpr this purpose should be at least approaching maturity when the-peas are to be cut] (4) What is the best pea for the . sake of the land? Several considera-j tlons are involved here. Is the crop to j be plowed in Carly or late fall, or are j the peas to remain on the ground all j winter and then be plowed down or disked into the soil. If plowed down while green they may temporarily do more harm than good through develop ing acidity. This is practically true if plowed down in hot or even warm weather. Of course, lime may be used to correct acidity, but rarely is. As is the case when peas are grown for hay the greatest quantity of growth gives the greatest value. Indian is the best for remaining on the ground through winter, and Clay, Iron and Couch are good as well as some of the blacks, Taylor and Red Ripper. If the crop is to be plowed down in early fall a variety that will mature early and at the same time produce the greatest weight should be selected. It might further be stated that ground phosphate rock may with greater advan tage be used under cowpeas than undei cotton, corn or small grain and that £ deficiency of lime is responsible for the low yield of peas and hay more thar any other one thing, with the probablt exception of good preparation.—Pro gressive Farmer. HOKE SMITH’S EFFORTS FOR FARMERS BEAR FRUIT Charles J, Brand Appointed Market Commissioner, Place Fostered by Ga, Senator By RALPH SMITH. WASHINGTON, May 17.—With the appointment today by secretary of ag riculture of Charles J. Brand, of Illi nois, as chief of the division of mar kets, the federal government put into operation a great constructive work for the benefit of the farmers that was agitated and pressed to a successful culmination by Senator Hoke Smith. It was due to the initiative of the Georgian and largely to his individual efforts that congress at its last ses sion provided an appropriation of $50,- 000 with which to inaugurate a market division in the department of agricul ture. “I am highly gratified that the de partment of agriculture has taken pre liminary steps to the general work of the rural organization service with a view to helping the farmers market their crops," said Senator Smith to night. "I have introduced at this ses sion of congress a bill to broaden the scope and make permanent the work of the market division, but after a con ference with Secretary Houston I have decided not to press the measure at this session. We are anxious to profit by the experiences of the experiment, the success of which is already as sured." SENATOR SMITH’S SUGGESTION. Senator Smith first became interested in the question of a market division through his observation of the prac tical difficulties and the waste and unnecessary losses that the farmers shoulder in selling their crops. His suggestion of a market division in the agriculture department struck a re sponsive chord with the farmers’ asso ciations of the country. The Farmers’ union and its officers got in behind the movement, and were a great help to Senator Smith in getting the orig inal appropriation for ,this work. Secretary Houston gave the follow ing statement to The Journal tonight: "Mr. Brand is a graduate of the Uni versity of Minnesota and has been in the service of the department nearly ten years, coming from Chicago, where for several years he had charge of the section of plant economies of the field museum of natural history. He has been engaged in several important lines of work during his connection with the department and for the last year had charge of the farmers’ co operative cotton handling and market ing and paper plant investigation into the bureau of plant industry. "There has been an insistent and growing demand that the government take steps to help in the establishment of economic systems of distribution and marketing of farm products. Congress at the last regular session, made an ap propriation of $50,000 to begin the work. We recognized that the business of farming is an important part of the market business structure of the coun try. EFFECT ON PRICES. "Somewhat better prices for the pro ducer and lower costs or better products for the consumer and manufacturer are the aim of the works. It is a difficult one. but much good is expected. Saving in selling and handling expense and re- j duction of loss through waste and im proper business organization will be im portant features of the department, ac tivity" While farm credits will be one of the ultimate objectives of the new service, the officials of the department say it will not be possible to do anything ma terial in that line just now for lack of money. There is a commission abroad studying the problem. Senator Fletcher of Florida originated the idea of send ing the commission. Seven members of the commission were appointed by the president, and an appropriation for their expenses was made by congress. The remainder and the larger number of the commissioners were appointed by the several states. It is expected that the first install ment of this commission’s report will be ready in November, and then tho government will be in position to take up the work in line'with the best prac tice prevailing abroad. Nearly all of the European countries have extensive rural credit systems so arranged that their control is kept in the hands of the communities they serve. These organizations make loans smaller than would be considered by a bank and at a reasonable rate of Inter est. CASHjBALANCE ♦ 5.00 PER MONTH Latest, up-to-date style, twin auto seat, top removable to convert into a runabout, genuine leather upholstery, finely trimmed and finished, beat of material and construction—retails for $100.00. Guaranteed 3 Years— L Mt n ao BUGGIES $29.50 UP. We eat ont the middlemen’s profits on all Century Vehicles and save you $25.00 to $45.00 on a buggy; $35.00 to $60.00 on a to $iOO.C~ wagon; $45.00 i K00 on a surrey. Soldfor cash or on easy monthly payments—we trust honest people the world over, shipped on approval— Guaranteed toplease oryourmoney back. Write today lor Free Catalog. Also Ask for our catalog of Fine Harness at wholesale prices. Get our Freight Paid Prices. Reference—Southern Illinois Nat’l. Bank. CENTURY MANUFACTURING COMPANY. Dept. SIS. • - East St. Louis, 111. or Dept. 315, 200 Filth Ave.. New York City. M&uSffcluO Sjjut made to fl your measure, in the latest If etyle, would you be will- ing to w keep and wear it, show It to your friends and let them see our beautiful samples and dashing new styles? Could you use $5.00 a day for a little epare time? Perhaps I can offer you a steady job. If you will write me a letter or a postal at once and eay: “Send me your special offer," I will eend you samples and styles to pick from and my surprising liberal offer. Address: L E. ASHER, President BANNER TAILORING CO. O.pt. 8H Chicago, III. YOUR HEART .Does it Flutter* Palpitate 'or Hklp Beats? Have yon IShortness of Breath,Ten* IdernesBf N umbness or Pain in left side, Dizziness* Fainting Hpellm Spots be fore eycs« Hudden Starting In sleep* Nervousness* Nightmare* Hungry or Weak Spells* Oppressed Feeling In ches% Choking Sensation In throat* Painful to lie on left side* Cold Hands or Feet* Diffi cult Breathing* Dropsy* Swelling Of feet or ankles* or Neuralgia around heart? If you have one or more of the above symptoms, don’t xailtouseDr. Kinsman’s Guaranteed Heart Tablets. Not a secret or “patent" medicine. It Is said that one out of every four has a weak or diseased heart. Three-fourths of these do not know it, and hundreds have died after wrongfully treating themselves for the Htomach* Lungs** Kidneys or Nerves. Don’t drop dead when Dr* Kinsman’s Heart Tablets are within yonr reach. 1000 endorsements furnished. < FREE TREATMENT COUPON Any sufferer mailing this coupon, with their name and P. O. Address, to Dr. F. G* Kins* man* Boxbo4, Augusta* Maine* will re ceive a box of Heart Tablets for trial by return mall, postpaid, free of charge. Don’t risk death by delay. Write at once—to-day. Send for &5*,rai At Soda Fountains or Carbon ated in Bottles. -„THE COCA-COLA COMPANY, Atlanta, Ga Agents J. F. APPLEBY (Vice Pres.) Inventor of Grain Binder Manufactured by Deering, Acme McCormack Plano Minneapolis Header Binder (12 ft. cut) Tractor Push Binder (28 ft. cut) Appleby Grain Shocker Sugar Beet Topper and Digger Appleby Spiral Drive Mower Appleby Cotton Boiler Appleby Cotton Picker In every county In the cotton growing states. Representa tive, responsible men can snake fortunes selling the Appleby Cotton Picker The Marvel of The 20th Century Every cotton grower wants a successful picker, here it Is— A Proven Success; We want hlghclass agents. Send for cata log, agent’s terms and testimonials from leading cotton planters. If you arc a responsible, well-rated firm or a man of good standing In your community write for detailed Information—if not please don’t waste your time and ours. Western Implement £? Motor Co. Dept. C 8. Davenport. Iowa 5 Year Guarantee 98 CENTS POST PAID To advertise our business, make new friends end introduce our Mg catalogue of Elgin watches we will send this elegant watch postpaid for only 08 cents. Gent’s size, high grade gold plate finish, lever oscapoment, stem wind in I stem set, accurate time keeper, fully Guaranteed for B Years. Send Cl cen’.j today and watch will be sent by return mail. S-’Msfaction guarantees ol money ref unded. HUNTER WATCH CO., Dept. 3, CHICAGO, ILL* 20 Year AMERICAN Thin Model WATCH STEM WINO STEM SET The popular 16 size open face for men or boya. Three quarter plate Amers can made lever movement, ruby jeweled balunce, hardened steel pinions, white enemel dial, stem wind and pendant set. guaranteed to keep time 20 years. Fitted in Gold Finished or Solid Nlokel Silver screw back .and bezel dust proof case, a perfect gontioman's watch. Do not bay until |you see one. We will eend it by express C. O. D for examination. If you consider it the beat watch bargain you ever saw pay your express agent j 92.OS and exprees charges and It in youra. If you sand $2.95 with order] we will send by Insured Parcel Poet. Satisfaction guaranteed or m< refunded. Mention if you want gold finished or solid nickel silver t . DIAMOND JEWELRY CO., K It, 187 W. Madison St.'Chicago, 11