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THE ATLANTA SEMI-WEEKLY JOURNAL, ATLANTA, GA., TUESDAY, MAY 27, 1913. AGRICULTURAL Education -amp Successful imiuft. SoilEl This department wilt cheerfully endeavor to furnish any Information, t.etters should be addressed to Dr. Andrew M. Soule, president Stats Agricultural College, Athens, Ga. BUILDING UP A WORN-OUT FARM I N 1907 when the State College of Agriculture was reorganized there was turned over to it for its use a much abused, washed, eroded and run down farm. Situated in the Pied mont region the land is naturally very rolling, making it difficult to re claim and maintain in a friable condi tion after improvement has been ef fected. The problem of building up this farm was one of the first to which the college directed its energy, for it was felt that it represented one of the state’s most important agricultural ^problems, and that if^ this land could be built up successfully at a moderate cost and in a reasonable length of time that it would constitute one of the most important demonstrations which the institution cculd make for the benefit of its student body and the guidance of the farmers of the state. The situation of this farm and the physical condition in which it was found does not vary greatly from that prevailing on thousands of home steads throughout the great Piedmont plateau, and the methods .which were employed to build up this land and re claim the farm at Athens are applicable throughout the whole tier of states bor dering the South Atlantic and Gulf coasts. The area of land included in the farm is some 830 acres, of which nearly 100 ever be possible by devoting it to the growth of corn and cotton without re gard to the maintenance of a proper crop rotation. The value of the buildings on the college farm at present has been con servatively estimated at $9,492, and the value of the tools and implements at $3,003. While these may look like rel atively large investments to some, it should be remembered that they repre sent permanent investments which will last through a series of years. A num ber of experienced farmers who were familiar with the farm before the work of improvement was undertaken, and who have examined it within the past year, are of the opinion that the area under cultivation has been increased in value at least $5,000 for agricultural purposes, and if the land were offered for sale today it is quite certain that it would bring a much larger relative increVnent over the original value than is represented by this figure. Farmers will no doubt be Interested to know just what results were obtained from the farm operations during the year ended June 1, 1912. The expendi tures for maintenance were as fol lows: Labor $3,688.85, fertilizers $979.- 86, foodstuffs (chiefly ' cottop seed meal) $1,300.60, dairy equipment $447.- 84, miscellaneous expenditures for re- I corners. Sores appear on the limbs [ and ears. The coat is rough and there I is weakness and a staggering gait. Emaciation sets in shortly accompa nied by rapid breathing. The lungs then become involved. Constipation occurs in the early stages of the dis ease, diarrhoea often marking the lat er stages. The sick hog tends to iso late itself from the balance of the herd. These symptoms indicate tho presence of cholera. The only effec tive treatment is to isolate the sick animals and Remove the healthy ones to uninfected ground. Then treat all with fferum. Hog cholera serum is a preventive and not a cure for this dis ease, though it may exercise some cur ative effects. The serifm should be administered In proportion to the size and weight of the animal. The fol lowing dosage is recommended: Hogs v/eighing 25 to 50 pounds, 10 to 20 c. c.; 50 to 100 pounds, 20 to 30 c. c.; 100 to 200 pounds. 30 to 50 c. c. n the serum is not manufactured at the ag ricultural college located at Auburn in your state, you will of necessity have to purchase it through your local drug store. • * * REMOVING WARTS ON CATTLE. W. A. II., Woodbury, Ga., writes: I have a nire milk cow that has warts on her, and I would like to know how to get rid of them. acres were set aside for, campus and pairs, etc., $704.62, making a total out \ forest reservations. Nearly 300 acres are in woodland. The area devoted to crops in 1911-1912 consisted of 333 acres exclusive of pastures. Of this area, 80 acres were devoted to the growth of peas and sorghum for hay production, 35 acres to peas and soy beans for soil improvement, 65 acres to oats for hay and grain, 10 acres to rye for grain, 40 acres to vetch and crimson clover for soil Improvement, 15 acres to cotton, 40 acres to corn for grain, and 48 acres to corn afid sorghum for silage. These figures do not include a very consider able area of land devoted to Bermuda for pasture purposes. It will be no ticed at once that the farm has been organized on the basis of practicing a crop rotation, minimizing the produc tion of cotton, and emphasising the maintenance of live stock. Each season a new area of land- has been brought under cultivation, and its improvement systematically undertaken, and in the course of a few years a considerably larger area than that mentioned in this article will be devoted to crop produc tion. In 1908. the income from the farm was $2,767.24; in 1911-12 it was $6,581.40. The receipts have shown a stea*dy in crease throughout the period in ques tion. These results have been obtain ed by plowing the land $s deeply as possible with large plow's, extra heavy mules, and draft animals of the Per- c*ieron breed. The organization of r>. dairy herd has assisted materially in the development witnessed. The herd has not only proven a profitable ad junct to the farm, but has supplied ever increasing quantities* of yard manure for the enrichment of the soil. The plowing under of green crops has changed the physical condition of the land, wnile the drainage of certain low- lying areas has made their cultivation possible. In connection with the im provement of the land several miles of fencing have .been built, the pastures very materially improved through grub bing, a fair type of farm roadways con structed, and a number of barns and other buildings essential to thfe housing of live stock and implements and the protection of the forage erected. • %■ * Starting with practically nothing in , the way of live stock, there have been built up in a period of five years herds worth about $10,265'. The college at the present time owns seventeen horses and mules, seventeen pure-bred Jerseys, ten pure-bred Holsteins, thirty-one grade Jerseys, nine grade Holsteins, forty- eight Herefords, twelve Tamworths and fifteen Berkshires, making a total of 159 head of live stock. The sales from surplus animals now available for dis tribution* amount annually to several ♦hundred dollars. When it is recollected that these herds have been built up in a period of five years at a very small outlay for the purchase of pure-breds, it illustrates very forcibly how quickly herds may be developed on the aver age farm if the energy anu thought of the management be directed towards this end. The idea in emphasizing live stock farming at the State College of Agriculture has been to illustrate its possibilities and to show that through its agency the farmer could not only make a good profit from his land, but build it up more effectively than will Use less Butter— More Cottolene No wonder butter is so high. Particular women who are loath to use lard or cooking butter in their cakes and fine pastry, use table butter. With butter at the price you have to pay for it, that’s downright extravagance. Cottolene is just as good as butter for pas try; for frying, it is better. And Cottolene costs no more than lard. Moreover, Cotto lene is richer, and two-thirds of a pound of it will go as far as a pound of butter or lard. And lard and Cottolene are not to be mentioned in the same breath, for Cottolene is a vegeta ble product, healthful, al ways safe — makes diges tible, rich, but never greasy food. THE N. K. FAIR BANK COMPANY lay for maintenance of $6,855.89. The receipts from the farm were as fol lows: Dairy products $5,099.44, farm products $3,481.97, making a total of $8,581.41. The difference between* the receipts and expenditures is thus seen to be $1,725.52. Certainly this is a respectable margin of profit when the volume of business conducted is taken into consideration. But a statement of this kind would not do justice to an^ farm, for certainly the cost of the permanent improvements of the year should be charged up against the farm on the one hand and the value of the improvements effected during the year credited to it. For permanent improvements there was expended during the year under discussion $4,018.60, divided as fol lows: Building and repair $3,537.93, tools and implements $409.40. live stock $71.25. The value of the im provements effected during the year was as follows: Tools and implements $245.64; building and repair $3,537.98; increased value of live stock $265; fencing $87.45; teaming for buildings $171.IT; grading $207.80; clearing land *83.15; removing stumps and rocks $82.30; work on roads $60. The total expenditures for maintenance and per manent improvements on the one hand thus becomes $10,874.47; receipts and value of improvements total $13,321.83,; leaving as net earnings for the year's operations $2,246.36. Remember that this volume of busi ness has been built up in a period of five years with the investment of a very small amount of capital. This work has been accomplished on a thor oughly exhausted farm Where ail the labor had to be hired and paid at a higher rate because of the proximity of the institution to the city df Athens than prevails In the open country. These results have been accomplished through the establishment of herds of live stock and the minimizing of the production of cotton. The data pre sented should certainly encourage ev ery farmer to give more attention to the institution of a systematic method of farming on his land in which live stock husbandry shall occupy a more prominent place than has been ac corded to it in the past. WEAK LOINS AND THEIR TREAT MENT. G. W. F., Matthews, S. C., writes: I have a cow which was taken sick a few days ago. She could not chew and appears toba weak in the loins. I am feeding An cotton seed meal and grazing her. Would like to know what is the matter with her. From the description offered in your letter it is impossible to say definitely what the “trouble with your cow might be. If she has very recently calved there is a possibility of complications due to parturition. The symptoms you have included in your letter would not indicate any evidences of milk fever. I would suggest that you give a mild, stimulating purgative at once of three- quarters of a pound of Epsom salts and two ounces of ginger dissolved in four quarts of warm water. Plenty of water should be given t‘o drink and ene mas of warm water to move the boWels. If the animal will take food, bran mashes* made by pouring warm water on pure wheat bran will be found help ful. Cut out the grain rations for a few days. Provide fresh green feed and give easily digested laxative food. Medi cine should not be resorted to unless absolutely necessory. Nature will tend to effect a cure if the trouble is due to impaction of the rumen or a more or less chronic form of indigestion. We believe the treatment suggested will prove effective. * * * MANAGEMENT OF A SORE SHOULD ER. P. C. H., Rhine, Ga., writes: I have bought a mule which has a sore on the point of his shoulder. I have done everything I know for him but the sore stays swollen nil the time and runs matter. When I work him the scab comes off and It looks red and raw. I would like to know what to do to cure him. The best way to get rid of the w 4 arts about which you write is to cut them off with a sharp knife and sear the affected part with a hot iron. You may also tie strings around the warts tightening them from day to day or small rubber bands maj' sometimes be used to advantage for this purpose. \jt course, acetic acid may be used, but this sometimes makes a sore, especial ly where it is not applied with skill Warts are a nuisance and unsightly, therefore, it is not surprising that you should desire to get rid of them, but the methods we have suggested are about the only practical ones which y<w can- employ. * * * ANALYSIS OF A CERTAIN MIXTURE. M. K.. Hamlsboro, Miss., writes: Kind ly tell me tlie analysis of' 400 pounds of acid phosphate, I’OO pounds of nitrate of soda and 100 pounds of muriate of potash. Is this a good mixture for potatoes on sandy soil without clay foundation? A mixture containing 400 pounds of acid phosphate, 20Q pounds of nitrate of soda and 100 pounds of muriate of potash would contain approximately sixty-four pounds of available phos phoric acid, thirty-two pounds of avail able nitrogen and fifty -pounds of avail able potash. Its percentage composi tion would be about 9.1 per cent of phosphoric acid. 4.5 per cent of nitro gen and 7.1 per cent of potash! This formula used at the rate of 77 pounds per acre would answer .well for pota-w toes an sondy land. Only one change could be suggested in that it might be better not to use quite so much nitrate of soda- Substitute, say 200 pounds of cotton seed meal for 100 pounds of the intrate of soda, and we think the mix ture will be improved, and that you will be securing nitrogen from both or ganic and inorganic sources, one be ing virtually immediately available to the growing crop and the other more slowly available. STATE AGENCIES TO CO-OPERATE FOR AGRICULTURAL PROTECTION Such Is the Belief Expressed in the Annual Report of State Entomologist E. Lee Worsham, to Be Presented Legislature NITRATE AS A TOP DRESSING FOR COTTON. J. P. W.. Troy. Ala., writes: T wish to use forty or fifty tons of nitrate of soda* under cotton this year, and would be Kind to have you give me your evperience in regard thereto. Would like all the in formation you can give me in regard to te use of nitrate on cotton, You should wash and cleanse the shoulder very thoroughly and give your mule as much rest as possible. It is important to examine the collar and see that it fits properly and that there is padding of ‘the right character to protect the sore spot without irrita tion. Keep the sore spot well bathed with cold water and thoroughly disin fiected. To this end you may use car bolic acid, one part to thirty or fifty parts of water. After thoroughly cleansing sore place prepare a drying powder as follows: Air-slaked lime pulverized tweive parts, tanic aqid pul verized one part. This is an excel lent remedy for summer sores and galls and for healing raw surface^ The powder should be dusted on freely. The treatment should be given two to three times daily. * • • EVIDENCES OF HOG CHOLERA. W. Ij. P., Aritow, Ala., writes: I would like to know what to do for my hogs. They are six months old and they get weak in their hips and fall about. Do not eat any thing hardly and In three or four days they die. The chances are that cholera has at tacked your herd of hogs, and if the case is well defined you can determine from the following description whether this disease is present or not. Loss of appetite is accompanied by fever, the temperature ranging from 103 to 108 degrees. Red or purple spots ap pear on the skin, especially on the belly and the inside of the thighs. The eyes become sore, first a redness and then a gummy exudation forms in the No doubt you desire to use nitrate of soda almost exclusively as a top dressing un cotton. Of course, at this season of the year it is possible to use it as a side application in conjunction with phosphorus and potash. When used as a side application we would prefer to mix it with some form of organic nitrogen so that upon the as similation of the nitrogen derived from the soda an additional supply of this element might be available to the growing crop. Of course, organic sources of notrogen as a‘rule have to undergo fermentation which takes longer and is more complex than with some of the inorganic sources of nitro gen. For instance, the nitrogen in ni trate of soda is immediately available when brought into solution by the wa ter of the soil. In cotton seed meal it must first be transformed into am monia and later into nitrogen. Cotton seed meal and nitrate of soda combine well together for use in a side appli cation along with phosphorus and pot ash. Where side applications are used we would advise that they be put on relatively earls'. The amount to apply will depend on the nature of the soil; on clay soils, 200 pounds and on sandy soils probably 300 pounds. A side ap plication may be used alongside the drTU row or scattered over the ground and worked in with a. cultivator. We think the latter method preferable where the land has been plowed before planting and properly cultivated and fertilized. A good formula to use for this purpose will be from 9 to 10 per cent of phosphoric acid, 3 to 4 per cent of nitrogen and 4 to 6 per cent of potash. On sandy lands where there Js a tendency for the cotton to rust, we would use the hig! e. per tfent of potash. Used by itself we believe about 100 pounds of nitrate of soda is the largest amount which is likely to prove profit able on most of our southern soils for general field crops. On truck crops probably 200 pounds or in extreme cases, 250 pounds can be used to ad vantage. It will not do to depend on nitrate of soda or any other artificial source of nitrogen for the entire sup ply of this element. Part, of it must be derived from the soil, and prefer ably from organic matter such as yard manure or green crops plowed under. When using nitrate of soda alone it should be applied on top of the ground. If there is any moisture whatever it will quickly dissolve and be taken up by the Soil water. In a very pro tracted drought, the nitrate might be covered very lightly. It should be put on after a rain rather than before. We think one application as a rule will be satisfactory for corn and cotton. We would prefer to put it on cotton from the 15th of June to the 1st of July, depending somewhat on seasonal conditions, and on corn w’ell in advance of its bunching to tassel. HOW TO INCREASE FERTILITY OF LAND That the best service which can be rendered the farmers of Georgia will come from the active and efficient co operation of all state Institutions and agencies, working along agricultural lines, is the belief of State Entomologist E. Lee Worsham, as presented in his annual report which will go to the leg islature through the commissioner of agriculture. Mr. Worsham’s department naturally engages in many fields of activity, all important and of value to the farmer, the farmer, .the fruit grower and the horticulturist. But there is no field in which it has rendered more important service to Georgia than in planning to meet the invasion of the Mexican cotton boll weevil, and at the same time devel oping strains of cotton that will suc cessfully resist the attack of "black root” or th€ “wilt” disease, which has been destroying more tha/n $1,000,000 worth of cotton in south Georgia a year. The department was confronted by a very difficult problem in this state, be cause the requirements in meeting these two destructive agencies are almost ex actly opposites. For instance, it has been found that the best means of meet ing the boll weevil invasion is to use early maturing varieties, while it was known that these varieties were the most susceptible to the destructive "black root” disease. SOLUTION FOUND Notwithstanding this difficulty, a prac tical solution has already been found by the department, and it will begin next year, according to Mr. Worsham’s re port, distributing to the farmers of Georgia a cotton seed that are "wilt resistant and mature early enough to avoid the boll weevil in a large meas ure.” There has been no more impor-1 stock peas were sown tant development in Georgia than this within recent years. Incident tc this work has been the development of a hybrid cotton of the long staple variety, which can be suc cessfully grown throughout south Geor gia, and it can be used in the course of time to take the place of Sea Island cot ton. At -last season’s prices, this staple would be worth from 18 to 20 cents a pound. Widespread interest has been aroused in cotton breeding, and cotton breed ers’ clubs have been organized in 25 South Georgia counties. The department has made no claim to having successfully overcome the im pending attacbk of the boll weevil, out it h&s, unquestionably, developed a strain of cotton that will in a large measure meet this attack"through early maturing, and at the same time resist the destructive "wilt” disease. The department’s motto is to render the greatest possible service to the greatest number, with the funds which are available. It has succeeded in do ing (his inconnection with the cotton situation, as well as in many other im portant fields o^ activity. 4,333,300 TREES INSPECTED. During the year the department in spected 4,333,300 trees and plants in Georgia nurseries, of which 1,027,600 were peach trees. It is now practi cally impossible, under the department’s watchful care, for a diseased tree or plant to come into the state. As the result of directions given the farmers,' hundred^ of thousands of dol lars were saved during the summer in meeting the attacks of the'army worm and cotton caterpillar. s Farmers’ meetings were held in vari ous sections of the state and special lec tures were given by Mr. Worsham on cotton inSsects at the cotton school held at the State College of Agriculture in January. The department has sought to co-operate actively at every possible point with other agencies working along agricultural lines, with the result of material benefit to the farmer. One in stance noted, was the procuring for South Georgia farmers of arsenate of lead at actual cost during the outbreak of arffiy worm and cotton caterpillar. $30,000,000 LOST IN 1912. When it is known that insect pests and plant diseases.cost the farmers and fruit growers of the state $30,000,000 in 1912, the importance of experimenta tion in destroying these pests will be better understood. Experimental sta tions are maintained where the experi ments can be conducted under the best conditions. Experiments on insects and diseases that attack the apple and peach are conducted in Habersham county, near Cornelia. Experiments on the mole cricket are conducted on St. Simon's Island, near Brunswick. Ex periments or. insects and diseases of the pecan tree are conducted at DeWitt In the pecan growing section. Results of this experimentation have been the discovery and development of many valuable remedies for keeping down and in some instances the eraai- cation of these pests. The department issues from time to time many valuable bulletins dealing with plant and tree insects and diseases and their treatment, which it distrib utes to the farmers free of cost. A PLAN OF CULTIVATING CORN. W. H.. Covena, Ga?, writes: Would like some information on liow to fertilize my corn from now on. I broke the land with a turning plow ten Inches deep and run a scooter In the furrows eight inches deeper which makes eighteen inches. I run the rows off forty inches apart and the corn Is eight inches In the drill. I broadcasted eight loads of lot compost before breaking. When I sided it I drilled cotton seed meal in the rows. I have cotton seed meal, muri ate of potash and acid phosphate and would like to know how to mix them to make a fertilizer for the corn ami how much to apply and when. The care and skill with which you prepared the seed bed for your corn crop is to be highly commended. Putting the land in shape Is one of the most impor tant and essential matters and is not prized and valued by our farmers as highly as it should be. Your example in this respect will no doubt be of value to your community and it is to be hoped that many farmers will profit by the improved methods of practice with reference to soil cultivation which you are following. We would suggest that you use on your corn a formula prepared by mixing together 1,000 pounds of high grade cotton seed meal, 900 pounds of acid phosphate and 100 pounds of muriate of potash. This will give you a formula carrying approxi mately 8.4 .per cent of phosphoric acid. 3 per cent of nitrogen and 3.5 per cent of potash. As your corn is now planted, we would advise you to put on 300 pounds as a side application, and in two or three weeks put on an additional 300 pounds. It is desirable that you put all fertilizer on two or three weeks before the corn bunches to tassel. In our judg ment it would be better to put a part of the fertilizer under the drill row rather than to wait and put it all on as side application, especially where you use yard manure to supply .vegetable matter to the soil. We doubt the wisdom of at tempting to use more than 600 pounds of fertilizer as a side application. DESTROYING MOLES IN A GARDEN. M. A. B., Devereaux, Ga.:, writes Please let me know If there is any way to destroy or get rid of moles. My garden Is a perfect network of them, and they ruin everything planted. Have tried corn soaked In arsenic, but they do not appear to care for it. There are special traps for catching moles which we think you will find fairly satisfactory. They are not very costly. If your local hardware dealer does not happen to have them he can order them for you. We have destroyed moles by using carbon bisulphide. Sat urate bunches of Cotton With it, and open up the runway and put them In and cover with earth. Put several in each runway. The gases are so pene trating as to kill the moles if the work is properly done and persisted in. Carbon bisulphide is not expensive to purchase nor difficult to handle pro vided you remember that it is inflam mable and therefore, matches or pipes should not be used in its vicinity. It is best to keep carbon bisulphide out of doors. A gallon will be sufficient to treat a considerable area of ground. BY W. H. UNDERWOOD. It is unfortunate indeed that we have unproductive soils. Mei\ who know how to farm never allow soils to become unproductive. The successful farmer ever strives to make his fields more fertile, and well he should. To abuhe a farm, rob it of its fertility and leave it to posterity in. a worthless, worn-out, impoverished condition is a crime of the worst type, and I believe it to be the sacred duty of every land owner to build up his soils, improve them and make them more productive. The Creator never intended the soil to give out, but that it should yield abundantly and furnish food for both man and beast. Men in the past have been (unintentionally, I hope) soil rob bers, have taken off great crops and in many instances have returned little or nothing to the fieldh. American farm ers generally have never realized thj possibilities of an acre of good soil, but now when the cheap, rich lands are all taken, men are beginning to realize that the soil must be cared for, and in order to feed the rapidly increasing humanity our soils must be built up and the un productive field restored to produc tivity. Making a poor field rich is more easily said than done. It is by far more easy to keep a rich field than to make a poor one rich. To build up un productive soils is quickly and easily dene when the owner has plenty of money and is willing to .spend it, but the trouble is that most poor soils are owned by poor men, without means and who cannot get them. To such the building up of poor soils is a long, hard struggle, and the renting of a good farm on shares would be preferable by far in the judgment of the writer. \\ hat I started out to write about was how a rich man actually made a poor field rich and did it quickly. Early in May this poor old field that had not grown a profitable crop for years was plowed, and during the first week of June a bushel and a half of black on well-fitted soil. The season was favorable and the peas made a fair growth. About the time of the first frost the peas were chopped up with a cutaway harrow, a good seed bed prepared and the field was sown to rye and crimson clover. One bushel of rye and ten pounds of clover seed were sown per acre. The next May, when the rye was about two feet high, at which time tho clover was also making a good shewing, the land was again plowed, and a ton of agricultural lime was ap plied to each acre, and cowpeas were again sown at the rate of one and one- half bushels per acre. In September the cowpeas were again Chopped into the surface with a cutaway harrow, a good firm seed bed was prepared and the field was sown to* wheat, an application of 300 pounds of steamed bone meal being made per acre. By this time everybody was watching this old field. People were anxious to see the outcome of the rich man’s farming. The wheat came on nicely as did also the light seeding of timothy. In the spring one peck of red clover seed per acre was applied. The much- talked about wheat came on, did well and yielded twenty-nine bushels per acre. After harvest it was noticed that there was a good stand of grass which went through the first witner In excel lent condition, and at tne next harvest, two tons per acre of choice hay, mostly clover, was harvested. Formerly the hay crop had been a few hundred pounds of weds, briars and a little timothy. The second crop of clover came on and made a good showing, and would have produced a nice lot of seed but was left oii the land. During the fall and winter all the manure that could be possibly scraped up about the farm was hauled upon the field and the following May the land was again plowed and planted to corn. The corn crop was well cultiavted and yielded sixty-five bushels per acre. The corn was followed by wheat with the 300 pounds of steamed bone meal and in the future a regular three-crop rota tion of corn, wheat and clover will be followed upon this field. Considerable live stock is now being kept on this farm and all manures are carefully saved and judiciously applied. The old poor field is now recognize^ as the best producer in the locality, and not only this field but the entire farm is productive, for the same system is now being applied to the entire farm. Passers-by are now beginning to notice this farm. People who know its history are astonished at the crops. The im provement has cost money but has paid. The farm cost $20 per acre, including fair buildings, and the owner new has an of fer of $60 and will get more. The expe rience of this very wealthy pan has proven that soils may be unproductive, yet contain an abundance of plant food enough of which can be made available each year to produce great crops. To restore soils to productivity we must grow plants, return them to the land, plow down sods, fee£ live stock, use plenty of phosphorus and drive off harm ful acids with lime. We are fast learn ing how to improve worn-out soils, and some day poor soils will be unknown.— Inland Farmer. IMPORTANCE OF A SILO; REAPING THE BENEFITS While the silo has many advantages over old methods of feeding, there are a few beenflts which are seldom men tioned in teh agricultural press. I like to think of a silo as a big flreless cooker dsigned to prepare palatable food out of material which would otherwise be w’asted. The fireless cooker, used by the housewife, requires heat applied by a stove, but teh cow’s fireless cooker needs only nature’s heat which comes from fermentation. When green material such as corn, or forage of any kind is cut up and crowded into an airtight, compart- fent, it at once starts a fermentation which produces heat. This heat in the average silo, rises as high as 150 de grees, and the temperature Is kept up from to two weeks or even longer. The acid which is set free with the high tem perature and lack of air serves to break down the hard, woody fibre of the forage and dissolves the cellulose, thus setting free much food material which would otherwise be lost. ♦ Siloing, in other words, is a digesting process and the ani mal eating good silage has this advarit tage, part of the work of digesting has already been completed. Weed seed, which finds its way into teh silo, is destroyed, for the action of heat, moisture and acid germinates and destroys the seeds. With the average silage corn on the average farm there is a large amount of weed seed harvested, and this would find its way back to the field if it were not passted through the silo. Silage is also a pasteurized food, free from germ life, therefore it is wholesome. Bacteria finds it very un comfortable to withstand teh heat and acid. Well cured silage is therefore teh safest kind of food for animals, being free rom spores and germs. Those who have tasted silage know that it is sour or tart. This is caused by the presence of two avids, namely— acetic and lactic. These acids are wholesome and beneficial to the animal. Acetic acid is found in many of the fruits, while lactic can be described as that which makes sour milk or butter milk. This lactic acid is one of tho most valuable tonics or acids ti diges tion that we know of. It is a germ destroyer and is altogether wholesome and beneficial. One noted European bacteriologist claims it prolongs life, as it destroys countless numbers of bacteria. Could we extract from the silo tlfis most valuable acid, in a pure form, the value of silage would be ten times its present commercial value. Some day, no doubt, this will be accomplished and then we will be putting up silage to make lactic acid, which in turn can be used by both man and beast. Of course, the gerat value of the silo, at least for the present day, is to turn a product, which is largely going to waste into a valuable stock food. It is to save the corn stalks and leaves, the kafir corn, sorghum, milo maze and alfalfa from being wasted or lost entirely. It is put ting up in a convenient form one of more 'years’ supply of food for our stock, thus making us independent of drouth or crop failure. It is a means of lowering the cost of making beef, milk and mutton on the farm. It is a wise conservation movement which will save the people o fthis country millions of dollars. It will feed ou rstock so they will be well nourished and always kept in good oirder. it will make possible, not only a profitable stock business, but will largely increase our stock produc tion. It ipomes at a most opportune time, apd should be taken up by every progressive farmer. Promote the silo and you will pro mote the prosperity of your country. R. L. GEORGE. N. Y. STATE SENAT0R C0NVICTEDJDF BRIBERY (By Associated Press.) NEW YORK, May 24.—Stephen J. Stilwell, state senator from the Bronx, recently exonerated by the New York state senate of charges of bribery, was found guilty of bribery this afternoon by a jury. The maximum penalty for the crime is ten years’ imprisonment and $5,000 fine. He will be sentenced Wednesday. Don't Forget to Side Dress After you have the plants well started, insure a crop by feeding it. 4 For cotton. POTASH to make more bolls, good fibre, and to keep the bolls from falling; and for corn, help the plant make the starch that fills the ears. Try 200 lbs. per acre of miTture of equal parts of Kainit, Acid Phosphate and Nitrate of Soda, or 5-5-5 goods. Insure against cotton rust by side dressing of 200 lbs. Kainit per acre. Right side dressing prolongs the activity of the plants and produces a full crop of bolts that stay on. It makes MUM sound, heavy corn and fine fodder. Potash Pays. Jf’ We sell Potash in any amount from one 200 lb. bag up. Write for prices 1 ' . ' GERMAN KALI WORKS, Inc. WVttser Cutral Sank Beildiw, Nnr Orleani, La. Saraaaab Baalt k Trait B.ilJinx. Saraaaak, Ga. U P KE EP COST } An engine^ best adapted for your work is the' engine you can depend ^ on—capable of heavy and ^ steady work every day and with less upkeep in cost. Cole’s Engines are the result of more than 5<T* years experience and success. Their wonderful dur- ability actual economy of fuel-thelr high grade mater- , JU ial-akllled workmanship-their constant and reliable per- c . formanoe gires you the utmost in power and the greatest value Y ooia OH a genome guarantee j n engines you* money can buy. Compact and hare balanced valves. ’ If you will make a comparison with any o^bor engine, you \ Will find Its superiority at once. All these are things to look for-that count In buying an engine. Don’t buy an engine nntil you have Investigated the Cole. Write today for catalogue and fall lnformatloipYegarding oui special engine offer. Do this now. R. D. COLE MANUFACTURING QO., Box K NEWNAN, GA. BOOK FREE Railroad Watch tfm«k«eperm4 ftillygxu , ... with 98 CENTS w*tob will be lent by retaro msU poet palA Bariifiction guaranteed or mo&ey refunded. 8eod 08c today. Addrees K. E. CHALMERS & CO., 538 St. Dearborn St, CHICAGO. VICTOR BERGER CHANGES VIEW ON LABOR TROUBLE (By Associated Press.) CHARLESTON, W. Va., May 24.—Eu gene V. Debs, Socialist leader, former Congressman Victor Berger and Adolph Germer, of Illinois, accompanied John Moore, a labor leader representing Governor Hatfield and Paul J. Paulson, member of the International board of the United Mine Workers, into the Paint and Cabin creek coal fields to day. Mr. Berger In a statement said: "I have an entirely different impres sion to the one I previously had toward the West Virginia exeputive and his atitude tow rd the working man.” Mr. Berger told the governor, "You hr/ve been placed in a false light. I have said some harsh things of you Li print but now I will correct them.” Much date. and information was laid before the leaders by the government. Farmer’s Favorite $1^2 The Three Lead ing Papers for only One Dollar and this pair of Gold Handled Shears FREE * Sign your name and ad dress to Coupon below and send to us withOne Dollar and we will send you FOB SAIjE SEED PEANUTS Large running, 85c per bushel. B. C. BAZEMORE, Windsor, N. C. Nancy Hall and Triumph Plants—$1.25 per 1,000. Can Ship At Once. T. K. G-odbey, Waldo, Fla. "Uncle Joe" Returns WASHINGTON, May 24.—"Uncle Joe” Canpot returned today and visited the halls where onc^e he was mighty in coun cil, I,ike Hungry Wolves. Fill your Nets Traps or Trot Lines if you bait with MAGIC-FISH-LURE. Best bait ever used for attractin'; all kinds of fish. Write for price list to-day and get a box to help introduce it. Agents wanted. J. F. GREGORY, Dept, 2 St. Louis, Mo, 18 Months THE SEMI WEEKLY JOURNAL The Blffgre,t Newspaper In the Sooth. Home and Farm 12 Months The Birstest and Oldest Farm Journal In the south. Woman’s World Magazine 12 Months Most Widely Circulated Magazine in ihe Word. and the Gold Handled Shears FREE State kr