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THE ATLANTA SEMI-WEEKLY JOURNAL, ATLANTA, GA., FRIDAY, MAY 30, 1913.
AGRICULTURAL
Education
rQ,
md Successful Tailmin%-
$ anmew ft. g,ouLE
This department will cheerfully endeavor 10 furnish any information.
Letters should be addressed to Dr. Andrew if. Soule, president Stats
Agricultural College, Athens, Oa.
IMPORTANCE OF NITROGEN IN
MAKING PROFITABLE CROPS
Of all the elements necessary to 'the
production of a large and profitable crop,
there is none more important than nitro
gen, and the farmer is naturally evidenc
ing great interest in this matter at the
present time Commercial nitrogen is
obtained chiefly from two sources, name
ly, inorganic and organic. The mate
rials in the first class are derived from
mineral sources or constitute by-products
obtained in some of our manufacturing
industries. The second group is derived
from animal or plant by-products.
Among the carriers of nitrogen well
known and more or less extensively used
by the farmers are nitrate of soda, sul
phate of ammonia, cotton seed meal,
blood, tankage, fish scrap, yard manure,
castor pumice, etc. Which one of these
rorms the farmer should select for use
under his crops depends on many condi
tions. On the lighter lands where the
porosity is very great and the water
which falls as rain is liable to escape
rapidly, organic nitrogens had best be
used. On clay lands which are natur
ally more tenacious and retentive the
nitrogen may be derived from a greater
variety of materials with comparative
safety. For short-season crops or those
which require to be developed with ex
treme rapidity, the quickest available
forms of nitrogen should be relied on to
a considerable extent. For long season
crops, in fact, all farm crops, organic
nitrogen may be used to the best advan
tage. Of the materials named* above
there is not. one in which the nitrogen
does not become available with sufficient
rapidity to meet the needs of practically
all farm crops and to be more or less
useful in the growth of truck crops. Of
course, the nitrogen carriers which be
come most slowly available should be
put in the ground when the truck crop
is planted so as to give them the longest
time in which to serve the needs of the
growing plants. It should not be for
gotten that in many instances a very
quickly available form of nitrogen is of
only temporary service in crop production
and that frequent light applications must
be made In order to secure satisfactory
results. As the most quickly available
forms of nitrogen are generally the most
costly the farmer or truck grower soon
reaches a point at which their cost be
comes prohibitive. Therefore, the basis
of the fertilizer he uses should, as a
rule, be derived from an organic source,
and such materials as nitrate of soda or
sulphate of ammonia relied on for use
• as top dressings.
There is some difference of opinion as
to the relative rapidity with which dif
ferent carriers of nitrogen become avail
able. It is geenrally conceded, however,
that nitrate of soda ranks first, and is
closely followed by sulphate of ammonia.
Rating nitrate of soda at 100 per cent
of availability and sulphate of ammonia
at about 30 to 90, blood and cotton seed
meal will follow with about 70 per cent
fish scrap, about 65 per cent bone and
tankage about 60 per cent, while most
other materials used will show a much
lower relative percentage.
From this statement it will be seen
that cotton seed meal assumes a rela
tively high rating as to quickness of
availability. £ome are of the opinion,
in. fact, that it becomes available too
quickly and therefore does not last
through the season. Those who advance
this argument generally support it with
the .statement that other materials
which they mention will be found more
satisfactory, but strange to say, in most
instances the materials suggested be
come as quickly available as cotton seed
meal, or there is such a slight differ
ence in this respect that it would not
be nbticeable in their service to the
crop. The percentage figures show that
cotton seed meal and some of the other
organic carriers of nitrogen mentioned
may be used to the very best advantage
as the basis of a fertilizer, and the
farmer may depend upon the plant food
becoming available with sufficient ra
pidity to meet the needs of his crop,
and yet not more rapidly than will per
mit of the growing plants assimilating
and utilizing the nitrogen to advantage.
Kor top dressings such materials as
nitra’te of soda are certainly very val
uable, but where side applications are
used, especially if applied early in the
growing season, nitrate of soda or sul
phate of ammonia may be mixed with
cotton seed and used to advantage. Of
course, in such an event the top dress
ing should be scattered over the gfound
and worked into the surface soil with
a weeder or a light surface-working
cultivator. The reason for this is ob
vious, for the nitrogen in sulphate of
Use less Butter—
AforeJjjOttolgte
No wonder butter is so high.
Particular women who are
loath to use lard or cooking
butter in their cakes and fine
pastry, use table butter. With
butter at the price you have
to pay for it, that’s downright
extravagance. Cottolene is
just as good as butter for pas
try; for frying, it is better.
And Cottolene costs no more
than lard. Moreover, Cotto
lene is richer, and two-thirds
of a pound of it will go as far
as a pound of butter or lard.
And lard and Cottolene are
not to be mentioned in the
same breath,
for Cottolene
is a vegeta
ble product,
healthful, al
ways safe —
makes diges
tible, rich, but
never greasy
food.
THEN. K. FAIRBANK COMPANY
ammonia and cotton seed meal must un
dergo transformation in the soil before
it is brought into condition where
plants can utilize it satisfactorily.
Nitrate of soda, on the other hand,
should not be incorporated with the
surface soil except when used in com
bination of complete fertilizers in the
manner suggested above. In either in
stance, of course, the amount of nitrate
used should be relatively small, the
chief supply of nitrogen being derived
from one of the organic sources men
tioned. A comparison of the cost of
available nitrogen would indicate that
cotton seed meal will furnish this ele
ment at a reasonable figure and often
to the advantage of the farmer, espe
cially when he is located at some dis
tance from ocean ports or can not buy
in carload lots, and therefore obtain the
cheapest possible rate on nitrogen car
riers.
These suggestions have been made for
the advice and information of our
farmers because of the great interest
now evidenced in various sources of
nitrogen and the confusing forms avail
able for use on southern farms. It
would seem now that sufficient evidence
had accumulated to dissipate the idea
that cotton seed meal becomes either
too quickly or too slowly available to
meet the needs of the ordinary farm
crop. It is quite evident that a 'com
bination of carriers of nitrogen will oft
en be more desirable than the use of one
alone. It is, of course, well established
that the organic sources of nitrogen
should be incorporated in the soil, and
the most quickly available forms re
served for use as top dressings. The
farmer for his own protection should
study the relative influence and ef
ficiency of the various sources of nitro
gen at his command, and he should then
figure out the cost of a pound of avail
able plant food in the materials at the
prices quoted him. When this is done
he will generally find that some of the
materials produced near at home are as
satisfactory and in many instances more
economical and desirable to use than
those which he may obtain from more
distant sources. A long period of ex
perience and observation would indicate
that for the basis of a commercial fer
tilizer, cotton seed meal is one of the
most desirable sources of nitrogen
available when price and efficiency are
taken into consideration.
* * *
A. R. K., Moultrie, Ga., writes: I have
about an acre planted In Bermuda onions.
I have fertilized it with nine one-horse
loads of stable manure, five sacks of 9-2-3
guano and three sacks of kainit. I am
contemplating using alx>ut 20 pounds of
nitrate of soda. What do you think of the
use of the nitrate, and would you use some
thing else?
You fertilized your onions quite lib
erally, and it would not be advisable
at this time to use additional amounts
of stable manure, and we hardly think
it necessary to put on any more of the
formula you have already applied.
Some nitrate of soda used at the rate of
50 to 100 pounds per acre in appli
cations two or three weeks apart should
be beneficial in stimulating a vigorous
growth and development. You should
keep the ground hilled up around the
onions sufficiently to cover the white
part. The destruction of weeds and trash
is of the utmost importance. Frequent
shallow cultivation by hand or one of
the wheeled cultivators or any other
implement which will stir the top soil
and keep it in a friable condition at all
times is of the utmost importance.
* * *
SEVENTY-FIVE BUSHELS OF CORN PER
ACRE.
W. C. R., Elberton, Ga., writes: I have
an acre of land on which I wish to make
seventy-five bushels of corn this year. It
is red, loamy, sticky with red subsoil. Have
broken it with a two-horse turning plow
seven inches deep, and have ten two-horse
loads of stable manure, and wish also to use
400 pounds cf 10-4 acid and 200 pounds of
10-2-2 guano. Do you think this is a good
formula to use? What shall I use for a
top dressing? When shall 1 plant?
he preparation of the land for the
production of a seventy-five bushel
crop of corn is the first essential in win
ning success. You have therefore shown
wisdom in the efforts you are making
to put the land in good condition by
plowing it thoroughly and cultivating it
well thereafter. You are fortunate in
having a good lot of stable manure
to apply on this land. You may either
broadcast it over the soil and work in
with a harrow or put under the drill
row as you have suggested. In any
event the manure and the fertilizer
should be well mixed with the subsoil
by means of a bull tongue. We think
it good practice to lay off the rows
about four feet apart and to plant a
prolific type of corn on uplands. We
think your fertilizer formula is low
in nitrogen, and we beleve you would
find it better to put 400 to 600 pounds
under the drill row of a 10-3.5-5 than the
combination you propose to use. You
might then use a side application of
200 pounds of the same formula and 100
pounds of nitrate of soda as a top dress
ing if this seems essential. We are in
clined to think that if the season is at
all favorable, you will hardly find it
necessary to.use nitrate of soda. If you.
do use it it should be put on two weeks 1
before the corn bunches to tassel, and
should be scattered on the surface of
the ground and not worked into the soil.
Plant the corn as early as practicable
and on the leve^. Give shallow surface
cultivation as late into the season as
possible.
* * *
VARIETIES OF CORN FOR SILAGE.
J. R. N., Atlanta, Ga.. writes: In plant
ing corn and sorghum for silage what are
the best varieties to use? 1 suppose the
Mexican June corn would be the best va
riety to use for corn. Is it host to plant
sorghum about two weeks earlier than corn,
and what Is the proper distance between the
rows? How much fertilier should I use?
We have not had as good return from
Mexican June corn as claimed by some
who advocate its use. In our experi
ence, Virginia Ensilage, Cocke’s Prloliflc
and other standard varieties nave given
us better returns as to yield and quality
of silage. Of course, you understand
that seed corn varies greatly. We have
had different strains of the same variety
to yield form one-third to one-half less
than other strains, so it is important
in purchasing seed to use the greatest
care and skill in obtaining it from some
one who has giveA * attention to its
breeding and selection and who has
grown it successfully for a series of
years. Corn seed should, as a rule,
not be brought from a long distance
away, as this crop is materially influ
enced by environmental conditions.
Where we desire to grow corn and
sorghum together for silage we would
be disposed to plant the sorghum a
couple of weeks ahead of the corn. In
our experience it is most convenient
to plant two rows of each in succes
sion. We plant in rows about four to
four and a half feet apart for silage,
depending on the richness of the land.
We use about a peck of sorghum seed
per acre. Liberal fertilization of a crop
intended for silage is advisable. You
should put yard manure on the land
whenever possible. It may be scattered
on top after plowing and worked into
the top soil with a disk. You may plow
it down if you are in position to roll
the land and bring the moisture di
rectly to the surface. We think it best
to top dress with manure in the sum
mer time. Use in addition 600 pounds
per acre of a formula eontaining about
9 per cent of phosphoric acid, 3 per cent
of nitrogen and 4 per, cent of potash.
We would put all the fertilizer under
the drill row for a crop of this char
acter.
* * •
'''GROWING VELVET BEANS IN GEORGIA.
J. J. B., Hawkinsville, Ga.. writes: Will
velvet beans mature in middle Georgia if
planted on May 20? Will smut in oats hurt
horses ?
It is doubtful if velvet beans will
produce any considerable amount of
grain in your section of the state from
planting on the date suggested in your
letter. The beans have formed only a
few pods here at Athens from eat lier
planting than you have suggested. We
do not think this crop can be depended
on to produce grain save in the south
ern part of the state. In our judgment
it is likely to prove more effective for
this purpose in Florida and in the im
mediate vicinity of the gulf coast. We
do not believe in any event that it will
produce as much grain as you are
likely to secure from growing a well-
selected and standard variety of cow-
peas or soy beans.
A small amount of smut in oats will
not prove injurious to horses. Of course,
any material fed to this class of stock
which contains a large amount of dust
is objectionable, but smutted oats have
been fed more or less to horses in
practically every stat# in the Union
without serious results, but, of course,
in cases of extremely bad smut infesta
tion care should be exercised.
• * *
COTTON SEED AS FERTILIZER.
J. A. G., Coosa, Ga.. writes: I have ten
bushels of cotton seed to put on one acre
of land. In which way can I get the best
results as a fertilizer, to grind them and
use the meal or compost them, or plant
them and let them come up and thin out
to stand, or will the seed when planted and
germinated be of any benefit to the crop
at all?
If one has only a limited amount of
cotton seed to use as fertilizer, it
would not pay to grind it. If you can
secure twenty cents or more per bushel
for the seed, the chances are that it
will pay ypu to exchange them for
meal unless you cannot secure a high-
grade meal at a reasonable cost. Cot
ton seed at the average price prevail
ing for commercial fertilizer contain
between $10 and $12 worth of plant
food per ton. A ton of meal, on the
other hand, contains anywhere from
$20 to $25 worth of plant food, depend
ing on the process by which it has
been made. If one were going to use
cotton seed, it seems to me it would be
best to place them well down in the
ground underneath the drill row. They
should be well mixqd with the- soil by
means of a bull tongue, and if they are
covered to a considerable depth, this
will cause them to heat and rot rather
quickly and the plant food they contain
will then become available to the
growing crop. We do not think it de
sirable to use cotton seed as a fer
tilizer, and so handle them as to, induce
their germination and appearance above
the ground in the form of plants, as
you have suggested. We do not think
that in this way they will prove as
serviceable as by mixing with the soil.
In. most instances which have come
under our observation seed can be sold
to better advantage than they can be
used directly as fertilizer.
* * ♦
S. B. B., Albany, Ga., writes: We intent
to plant several hundred acres in cowpeas
and in addition to fertilizing them witl
potash and acid, some of our friends havt
suggested that we use Fariuogerm, and w<
would like to have your advice in the mat
The necessity of using an artificial
culture for the inoculation of cowpeas
depends much on the condition of your
soil and the success you have had in
growing this crop previously. In our
experience it has not been necessary to
inoculate land for cowpeas. In some
instances where soils are strongly acid
and for other causes as well no doubt
the cowpea plant fails to develop
nodules on the roots. These may be
easily distinguished early i nthe growing
season if you will dig up the plant,
they appear as little white knots or
excrescences thereon. In the absence of
these the plant is not gathering atmos
pheric nitrogen. If the soil is a rich
one it may feed on the nitrogen con
tained therein and make a fairly satis
factory growth. If it is a poor soil,’
the chances are the crop will turn yel
low and present a very sickly appear
ance. Artificial inoculation is prac
ticed quite extensively with alfalfa and
some other of the small seeded legumes,
such as the clovers. Large seeded
legumes like the cowpea and soy bean
as a rule contain a sufficient num
ber of bacteria on the seed apparently
to provide the needed inoculation. Soil
from a field where cowpeas have grown
successfully may be used for this pur
pose, 200 to 300 pounds per acre being
scattered on the surface of the ground
and worked in with a harrow. The vigor
of your crop and. the success you have
had with it in former years will deter
mine the advisability, of using artificial
cultures.
* * *
FERTILIZING COTTON IN CAROLINA.
H. M. B., tVillington, S. C., writes: 1
have six acres of land and have been mak-
ing about a bale of (fotton per acre and
never used over 300 pounds of guano. This
year I bedded on about 400 pounds per acre
and want to put 150 to 200 pounds more on
as a side application. Please tell me how
and when to do this, and also when to use
nitrate of soda?
Where a side application is used it
should oe put on relatively early in ;he
season. The advisability « applying it
at all depends much on the natural condi
tion of the laud and ths soil type culti
vated. Sandy soils are more likely to re
spond to the use of side applications m
our experience than the heavier clays.
Where a s'de application is used, 200
pounds is aoout the right amount to ap
ply, though cn lighter soils as much t.s
300 pounds may be used. We would put
the side application on corn when it is
about a foot high and on cotton after it
has been chopped to a stand. Side ap
plications may be put on alongside the
drill row cr spread ahead of the culti
vator ^UKl worked into ti-.e soil. We pre
fer the latter method. In other words,
the roots should have spread through
the soil if it has been properly prepared
so that the fertilizer will be readliv as
similated. It is better to encourage the.
wide spreading growth of the roots than
to concentrate them in one place, frw'the
larger area they feed over the more mois
ture and plant food they should be aide
to assimilate. After using a side appli
cation one may follow with a top dress
ing of nitrate of soda or some other car
rier of nitrogen which becomes quickly
available. We think about 100 pounds per
acre is about the right amount of tills
material to use. We would prefer to put
it on cotton in your section not later
than the 15th of June to the 1st of July.
On corn we think it desirable to have
the nitrate on before it shows evidence
of bunching to tassel. Later applications
are liable to stimulate the growth of
stalk and militate against the formation
of grain.
THE BEST METHOD OF
CURING ALFALFA HAY
- BY W. F. WILCOX.
The cutting, curing and stacking
of alfalfa hay differs quite materially
from the securing of other varieties of
hay, Protein is the valuably part or
this forage plant and from the time it
begins to bloom it decreases in this
valuable part and increases in wood
fibre.
Authorities say to cut alfalfa when
it is about one-tenth in bloom. Others
say to cut just when the new shoots
are starting from the crown before
they are high enough to be cut by the
mower. In this way the next crop
comes on quickly and soon covers the
ground.
Alfalfa is at its highest feeding
value when it begins to bloom. If
there is a considerable acreage to cut
it is best not to wait too long to be
gin the harvest. The leaves, the valu
able part,, stay on better if cut early.
The general rule is to begin cutting
as soon as the plants start to bloom.
The Kansas agricultural experi
ment station reported that when al
falfa was cut when one-tenth in
bloom the protein content of the hay
was 18.5 per cent; when one-half in
bloom, 17.2 per cent. Best re
sults are, therefore, secured by cut
ting as soon as the field commences
to show bloom. However, it is de
clared. by experts, to be safer to
watch for the starting of the basal
shoots, the formation of a new crop.
If cutting is delayed until these are
high enough to be nipped also, the
succeeding crop is injured; if cut be
fore they start, the new growth is de
layed until they form.
I might say that the curing of al
falfa in; the arid regions, where alfalfa
is most naturally grown, is under
ideal conditions. What I have to say,
cannot apply altogether to the entire
region of the United States where al
falfa is grown. For I understand that
insections of heavy rainfall, methods
must vary.
Of course we cut with a mower and
use the ordinary self-dump rake. The
mower is followed by the rake within
a few hours. That cut in the forenoon
must be raked in the afternoon. It
must be raked just as soon as it thor
oughly begins to wilt. During the first
and second cuttings in very hot weath
er this may be within three or four
hours. During the’third cutting with
us, late in October, when the sun’s
rays are more oblique and less scorch
ing, it sometimes lays a day in the
swath without injury. The point is to
preserve the leaves. They cannot be
saved if the hay dries out in the swath
or windrow.
It is therefore placed in shocks, al
most green. It is heavy to handle, and
therefore the shocking process is quite
hard work. The shocks are not made
very large, just large enough so, when
dried out, they can be nicely handled.
Big shocks are an abomination, and
tenderfeet in the hay field making big
shocks, through inexperience, are a
nuisance, for the big shocks cannot dry
out ' sufficiently, and even if they do
are too heavy to handle in one forkful,
thereby making it necessary to take
two forkfuls, and this scatters the hay.
With shocks of uniform size and just
right for one forkful, the stacking is a
cinch, and there is never any scraping
around, as every stem comes up with
the shock.
We do all the scraping while shock
ing, making the piles uniform, nice and
clean, so that the hurry-up work of
stacking is not retarded by picking
around.
The shocks are left in the field al
most a week. By this time the hay
has been cured. It is of a beautiful
green color, fresh, sweet and ideal.
Hay must be thoroughly cured before
stacked or it will spoil. Alfalfa is
easily influenced by, dampness and if
the shocks are the least bit heavy,
better not stack. If, however, there
be signs of a storm or any hurry, the
shocks may ' be turned over in the
morning and any slight dampness in
the bottom will be relieved with in an
hour or two of hot sun and circulat
ing air.
In this country slips and slings are
used for stacking. The slip is a sort
of low sled drawn along on the
ground. On it is placed a rope sling.
Hay is piled onto it until a load is se
cured when it is driven to the stack
and the pulleys of the stacker hook
er into the ends of the sling and a
team hoists the load to the top of the
stack. In this way haying becomes
a cinch. No heaving or bucking of
hay at all. Just slide the light shocks
onto the low slip and the horse power
does the unloading. The only man
who works is the stacker and with
two men on the stack they don’t work
very hard. There are various kinds
of stacking arrangements, but the
most satisfactory of all is the derrick,
a large affair with an immense arm
which swings the load around where-
ever the stacker wishes. With three
slips in if he field and an extra spike
pitcher, a boy to drive the stacker
team and two men on the stack, an
immense amount of hay can be easily
and readily secured in a day-
WHITFIELD ROADS GOOD,
SAYS CHAIRMAN DAVIDSON
Some Counties Might as Well
Throw Away Road Money,
He Says
DALTON, Ga., May 29.—Declaring
that a few of the Georgia counties
wefrking convicts on the public roads
might as well throw away their money,
Chairman R. E. Davidson, of the state
prison commission, talked of the sys
tem and results while on a visit of in
spection to the Whitfield county camp
here Monday afternoon.
Mr. Davidson did not class Whitfield
among these few, being profuse in his
praise of the work at the local camp.
“Whitfield county stands far above
the average county employing convict
labor on the roads,” he said. “This ap
plies not only to the excellent results
shown in road building, but also in the
method of" housing and keeping the con
victs, the quarters being sanitary and
comfortable.”
Mr. Davidson stated that in those
counties where the * money was being
wasted, the belief prevailed that a cheap
warden was economy, whether he knew
anything about road building or not, the
result being no results other than get
ting rid of money were shown.
added that the big majority of counties
were getting fine results.
Mr. Davidson was driven in an auto
mobile over one of the roads built by
the convicts to the camp five miles out
from Dalton, and characterized the road
as a firstclass one.
GIRL SHOOTS MARAUDER
FROM BACK OF HIS HORSE
('Ey Associated Press.)
SPRINGER, Okla.. May 29.—Miss
Lola Hestefdy, twenty years old, shot
Walter Hickman with a shotgun as he
was riding by her home near here on
horseback last night.
As Hickman fell to the ground he
tried to pull his pistol from liis scab-
board. Then the girl rushed toward him
and shot him again, killing him. She
was arrested and placed in jail
Hickman was arrested recently,
charged with firing shots into the iwes
terly home. Hp was going to Ardmore
to sign a bond to keep the peace when
he was killed.
CHESTERTON’S HUM.
ORIS LARGE CROWD
Writer's Article on Marconi
Wireless Company Alleged
to Be Libellous
(By Assocva’-ed Przss.)
LONDON,, May 29.—The central crim
inal court was packed today with dis
tinguished persons of the political ai.d
literary worlds for the opening of the
trial for alleged criminal libel of Cecil
Chesterton, a brother of G. K. Chester
ton, the author, and one of London’s
picturesque personalities.
The prosecution arose out of articles
written by the accused, who is editor
of the Eye Witness, in which he
charged Godfrey Isaacs, managing direc
tor of the Marconi company, with cor
ruption in connection with the British
government’s wireless contract.
The whole Marconi affair, which is
now one of the foremost issues in Brit
ish politics, is likely to be reviewed in
the course of the trial.
PROFITABLE MARKETING
°F THE TRUCK CROPS
Truck growing has not reached its
limit. More truck will be produced
each year, and the need for better facil
ities in transportation and in market
ing will continue to grow. Truck
growing- has only begun, and many
localities will engage in it where no
truck is now produced. The need for
more truck is great, but the need for
means of reaching consumers is
greater.
Methods will be found, and those who
help to find them will deserve the good
which we hope will come to them. The
need to find markets is not great, be
cause the markets are waiting, but it
is needed that the markets be reached,
and that produce be sold to advantage.
Producers receive too little, and con
sumers pay too much.
The problems are to reach markets
and to sell at such prices as will yield
fair profits. There are too many
charges, and charges are too high, be
tween producer and consumer. Only by
complete organization will it be possi
ble to eliminate costs which are de
stroying individual producers and starv
ing those who would be consumers.
The great meeting at Chicago did not
solve the problems of marketing and of
transportation, but it did direct the at
tention of many thousands of intelligent
and patriotic people to the evils which
exist, and solutions will be found.
Only by such a meeting was it possible
to focus attention is evidenced by the
enormous attendance, and by the at
tention given by newspapers all over
the country. Prior to that the cries of
the people who suffered were unheard,
and now they are heard. It is not for
the growers alone to cure the evils,
and those who need produce of field,
farm and truck, must help in the great
work. That they will help cannot be
doubted when we consider their neces
sities.
For consumers and producers alike
the need is great, and it means not
profit alone, but existence.
Let no one stand in the way of or
ganizations which will help to sustain
our industries, and which will help to
feed the hungry. If there be faults
in any system let the faults be cor
rected, but let no one strike a blow
at organization. Only in organization
is there hope, and to cripple organiza
tion is to destroy hope.
Nor need anyone imagine that con
ditions will be better in other years
without system and organization in
marketing. Competition will grow, and
evils will grow. There must be or
ganization or there will be ruin for
truck growers. Without organization
there cannot be system and it ,will
often occur that the grower will de
stroy his market.
In union there is strength. By be
ing united we may stand, but if di
vided we shall surely fall.
KING GEORGE AND QUEEN
LEAVE GERMANY TUESDAY
(By Associated Press.)
BERLIN, May 29.—King George and
Queen Mary of England, terminated their
visit today with a view of the Guards
Army corps, which was holding its spring
parade at Potsdam. The review was fol
lowed by a gala luncheon at Potsdam
palace.
Their majesties left for England late in
the^ afternoon. No confirmation was ob
tainable of the report received from Lon
don that Emperor William is to visit
Portsmouth in August escorted by a
squadron of German warships.
EASTMAN SCHOOLS CLOSE
AFTER SUCCESSFUL YEAR
EASTMAN, Ga.. May 29.—After a
successful year the Eastman public
schools came to a close yesterday.
The commencement exercises took
place at the High school auditorium.
Hon. W. A. Covington, of Moultrie,
delivered the annual literary address.
There were six to graduate this year,
three young ladies and three young men,
viz: Misses Mamie Nelqpn, Juliette Har
rell, Undine Bennett and Messrs. Ru
dolph Clements, Myrick Clements and
Carson Knight.
HOW TO DO
HOWIE CANNING
With each Monarch Canner you get free
our wonderful big book of instruction—tells
just how to can peaches, tomatoes and each
article in either jars or cans—gives all
recipes. Get a
MONARCH
$10, FREIGHT PREPAID
Save your surplus fruit and veg tables.
Don't let them rot. Turn them into cash
dollars. Learn this wonderful new indus
try, canning for the market. A chanc* for
the ladies as well as the men. Sit right
down now and write for our free instruc
tive catalogue. Don't delay a second. Write i
today. MONARCH MFG. CO.,
3S0 E. Main St. Chattanooga, Tenn.
FOB SALE
SEED PEANUTS bushel.
R. C. BAZEMORE,
Windsor, N. 0.
Nancy Hall and Triumph
Plants—$1.25 per 1,000.
Can Ship’ At Once. T. K.
Goclbey, Waldo, Fla.
Like Hungry Wolves. Fill your Nets
Traps or Trot Lines if you bait with
IW AGIC-nsa-LLBE.
bait ever used .’or attracting
I kinds of fish. Write lor price
list to-dav and get a box to help
introduce it. Agents wanted.
J. F. GliHiOKY,
Dept, 2 bt. JLouib, Mo.
DEATH BLOW IN SIGHT
FOR PRODUCE FUTURES
Cummins Amendment Would
Knock Out All Cotton and
Grain Exchanges
BY BAX.PH SMITH.
WASHINGTON, May 29.-Speculat-
ing in farm products by means of fu
ture contracts is to receive a stiff wal
lop on the point of the jaw from the
Democratic congress, unless all signs
fail. The income tax provision of the
tariff bill # will be the means by which
this end will be accomplished. »
It was learned today by The Journal
that a majority of the senate is com
mitted to legislation to place a pro
hibitive tax on speculation in futures
on the products of the soil. A con
siderable number of Republicans, prob
ably a majority of them also, are un
derstood to favor such legislation.
Senator Cummins, of Iowa, has of
fered an amendment to the income tax
section placing a tax of 10 per cent
on this form of stock and produce spec
ulation, but some .of the Democrats
think the tax should be even higher.
This rate, however, would suffice to
suppress not only the cotton and grain
exchanges in the country, but would
also knock out the New York stock ex
change.
The Farmers’ union and allied organ
izations of farmers in all sections of
the country have demanded, in season
and out, that congress put an end to
speculation in farm products. It has
been their contention that the # New
York and New Orleans cotton ex
changes and the Chicago board of
trade have controlled the price of farm
products through manipulation of the
markets.
A bill to prohibit futures in cotton
has passed the house twice, but the
legislation has been obstructed in the
senate. Now, however, the Initiative
toward the suppression uf supecula-
tion in cotton, wheat, corn, sugar, etc.,
comes from the senate, and the pros
pects ’for the death of the business is
exceedingly bright.
The democratic national platform de
clares for this sort of legislation.
“President Wilson is Committed to it.
and, as stated, a majority of the senate
is squarely In line. The dealers in cot
ton, grain and sugar are reported to
be In panic over the situation.
“We believe In the development of a
modern system of agriculture and a
systematic effort to improve conditions
of trade in farm products, so as to
benefit the consumer and producer,” de
clares the Democratic platform. “And,
as an efficient means to this end we
favor the enactment by congress of leg
islation that will suppress the perni
cious practice of gambling In agricul
tural products by organized exchanges
or others.”
While the ten per cent tax that the
senate is expected to place on this
form of business is aimed to knock out
the produce speculator, it will eventual
ly reach the so-called legitimate con
tracts in cotton, wheat, etc., and will
act as an effective barrier against mill
men in insuring the output of their
mills against fluctuations in the price
of cotton, etc.
It is the custom of cotton manufac
turers, sugar refiners, millers, etc., to
protect themselves against fluctuations
in the prices of their raw material, by
dealing in futures. Thus if it is feared
that the price is going down, the man
ufacturers will sell “short” a large
quantity of imaginary cotton, and In
this way Insure themselves against
loss.
Dr. Soule to Speak
ATHENS, Ga., May 29.—President
Andrew M. Soule, of the State College
of Agriculture, has been invited tp ad
dress the Cotton Seed Crushers’ Asso
ciation of Georgia at their annual
meeting. Monday, June 2, at Atlantic
Beach, Fla. He will speak on the feed
ing value of cotton seed meal.
** - KAINVT
J *
Don’t Forget to Side Dress
After you have the plants well started,
insure a crop by feeding it. * For cotton,
provide enough
POTASH
to make more bolls, good fibre, and to keep the bolls from falling;
and for corn, help the plant make the starch that fills the ears.
Try 200 lbs. per acre of mixture of equal parts of Kainit, Acid
Phosphate and Nitrate of Soda, or 5-5-5 goods.
Insure against cotton rust by side dressing of 200 lbs. Kainit
per acre. Right side dressing prolongs the activity of the plants
and produces a full crop of bolls that stay on. It makes
r sound, heavy com and fine fodder. Potash Pays.
We sell Potash in any amount from one 200 lb. bag up. Write for prices
GERMAN KALI WORKS, Inc.
Whitney Central Bank Bnilding, New Orleans, La. Savannah Bank & Tract Building, Savannah, Ga.
: cni u e- E 4K!£p cost
u
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An
engined
best adapted ^
for your work is the
engine you can depend
on—capable of heavy and
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with less upkeep in cost.
Cole’s Engines are the result of more than B0
years experience and success. Their wonderful dur
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If you will make a comparison with any other engine, yo
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BIG
BOOK
Don’t buy an engine until you have investigated the Cole.
Write today for catalogue and full information regarding oui
special engine offer. Do this now.
R. D. COLE MANUFACTURING CO., Box K
NEWNAN, GA.
5 YEAR
GUARANTEE
Railroad Watch
To sdT.rtit. our builnaaa, mike new friend, and introduoe our oatalogni
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B. E. CHALMERS t CO., 538 So. Dearborn St., CHICAGO.
Farmer’s Favorite $1=
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for only One Dollar
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dress to Coupon below and
send to us withOne Dollar
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