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6 THE ATLANTA SEMI-WEEKLY JOURNAL, ATLANTA, GA., TUESDAY, JUNE 10, 1913. AGRICULTURAL Education ~ ‘ nr Successful Farming-. ( $ A NDREW e)0ULE This department tctll cheerfully enaravm to jamisn any information, l.etters should be addressed to Dr. Andrew U. Soule, president Stats Agricultural College. Athens. Qa. Influence of Feed on Quality of Milk A SHORT time ago an article ap peared in a New York paper with reference to the unwholesome ness of the food products consumed by many persons in the United States. Among other things specific . attention was directed to the fact that large numbers of cows were fed on cotton seed meal, the inference being drawn that tlje milk obtained from animals so fed was not wholesome. The article was sensational in conception and pre sentation and no doubt many people reading it were misled by its state ments. The chances are that the au thor knows nothing about cotton seed or its by-products, and does not real ize their essential relation to the dairy industry, not only of the United States but of Europe as well. If he had been Informed even in the slightest degree relative to this matter he would hardly have made a statement so much at va- irance with the facts. It' may be said without fear of suc cessful contradiction that the dairy in dustry of the south is based on the use of cotton-seed meal as the chief con centrate fed to. dairy cows, and nowhere else in th§ United States are farmers able to obtain so cheap and desirable a source of protein for the nutrition of dairy cattle. The one. regret that must be expressed in this connection is the fact that our dairy enterprises are in adequately developed in proportion to rublic demand. This is not due to any lack of an abundant supply of cotton seed meal but to a failure to develop one of the most desirable and profitable industries in which southern farmers can engage at the present time. The value of cotton seed meal as a concentrate in the nutrition of dairy cows is more clearly illustrated when attention is called to the composition of milk. The average of several hundred analyses indicates that it contains * about 87.17 per cent of water, 3.69 per cent of fat, 3.02 per cent of casein, .63 per cent of albumen, 4.88 per cent of sugar and .71 per cent of ash. The casein and albumen make up nearly 4 pei cent of the milk and constitute its protein compounds. The cow, of course, has no ability to manufacture milk un less the elements out of which it is composed are supplied to her in the feed in somewhat the proportion nature demands. Milk being rich in protein elements, it therefore becomes essential that the dairy cow be fed a ration rich in this material. Cotton seed meal ow ing to its very high content of protein becomes therefore one of the most de sirable concentrates to feed to dairy cows. Naturally it may be fed singly or in combination with other foodstuffs? No aouot tnere are some who imag ine that cotton seeu meai is injurious to cows, but after having seen it fed to several hundred dairy animals througn a period of eighteen years, the writer can testify that it is a tnoroughly wholesome and desirable teed when led unuer rational conditions. Not long since a seizure oi corn reported in tne pa pers to have been worth many thou sands of dollars was made in a south erly state. The corn was destroyed be cause it was said to be moldy and un wholesome, and therefore not lit to feed to horses, lo\.s ana other live stock kept on tne .People are inclined to lose sigm. c. .acts of this Kind and to condemn one ciass of food to the advantage of tne other. Cotton seed meal must naturally be made irom well manured and protected seed. Where this is done the meal obtained there- irom is thorougnly whqlesome and de sirable as a food for dairy cows. if ieti in excessive amounts it might pro duce indigestion and various other trou bles; so would corn for that matter. All concentrates must be fed with some reasonable degree of skill and common sense. 'The ills which live stock may suffer from any class of food are gen erally due to the ignorance of the per sons feeding the same rather than to the foodstuff itself, provided of course it has been properly made and pre served. Cototn seed meal is being fed at the present time to dairy cattle in practic ally every state in the union. It la being fed to herds of cows where the choicest quality of milk is made and shipped to selected customers in the larger towns and cities. It has been used in dozens of tests at the various experiment stations In the United States and abroad and it has been shown to be not only wholesome and desirable, but one of the cheapest sources of protein available to the dairyman. There are few concentrates which blend more satisfactorily with such foodstuffs as bran, corn, shorts, oats and other ce reals. Corn, as is well known, is low in protein and high in carbohydrates, and when combined with cotton seed meal it furnishes an ideal ration for the dairy cow. If cotton seed meal be fed with forms op roughness realtively lov* in protein the Vation will be materially improved as many demonstrations have shown. It is an ideal food to use in combination with corn silage and may be fed to cattle on grass with very excellent results. If used in reasonabJj amounts it may be fed for indefinite periods of time and the animals keep in a thoroughly vigorous and healthy con dition. The great trouble with the av erage feeder is his lack of acquaintance with the concentrated nature of this material, and his disposition to feed it therefore as freely as he would corn or some other foodstuff not so rich In digestible nutrients. If the farmer and dairyman will bear in mind that one pound of cotton seed meal contains about four times as much digestible protein as a pound of corn, he will have no trouble from feeding this material. In other words, 4 to 5 pounds of cotton seed meal containing the protein equiva lent of from 16 to 20 pounds of corn £bi* Handsome Suil |-gy g-f to Our _ rll££ Agents "Write Today. Be tbe one in your town to get this astounding tailoring offer. An offer to give you the swelled suit you ever saw FREE! But you must hurry. We want a representative in your town right away. We will start you In a big moneu-making busi ness of your ousn—FREE! Plenty of money and plenty of nifty clothes—for YOU—if you write AT ONCEl No money nor experience necessary WE PAY ALL EXPRESS CHARGES Yes, we pay everything. You take no risk. Justtakeorders forourfinoclothes —made of the most beautiful fabrics and.in the latest clasgiest styles. Keep your present position and make SSO.QO TO $ 100.00 A WEEK ,i.. on the side; or go into the business rg:S: right and make 13,000 to $5,000 a yoar. PARAGON clothes sell like wildfire. Agents swamped with orders on NEW plan. Nothing like it anywhere. Write Today [ ■ right out to tak* orders Get our WONDERFUL NEW OFFER right now. WE PAY ALL CUARGES. Send a post card NO W_while this gnat oflkr Is still open. Doa’t delay—WRITE TODAY. Paragon Tailoring Co., 0epfe®°5 , Chicago, III. meal. It is seldom that this much Corn meal would be fed as a dairy ration to animal weighing 1,000 pounds, and the average feeder who is unac quainted with cotton seed meal can hardly bring himself to- realize that 4 or 5 pounds is about the right amount to feed per day to a 1,000 pound cow when not giving over two gallons or milk. The fact that the statement referred to in the early part of this article is baseless is shown by the record of our experts of cotton seed meal which in 1911 unfortunately amounted to about 650,000 tons. This meal did not bring the producers in the south more than about $15 a ton, yet it is known to con tain fertilizing constituents of an equal value. This meal went chiefly to Den mark, Germany and Great Britain and was used largely in the nutrition of dairy cows, though of course*consider able quantities were fed to beef cattti*s as well. For years the policy of those nations has been to secure concentrat ed food materials of high nutritive quality and rich in plant food constitu ents from all the outlying sections of the world and feed on their farms. A a result, they have built up soils whicn were extremely poor a half century ago, but are now rated as among the most productive and desirable for agricultur al purposes In the world. Denmark has risen to pre-eminence as a dairy nation and the products of her herds top the market in the great capitals of Europe. It. may be surprising to some to know that the basis of the dairy ration fed in Denmark is founded in a great ma- ojrity of cases on the cotton seed mea. produced in. the southern part of the United States. If the meal can be taken across 3,000 miles of water and fed with such remarkable success by the farmers of Europe, it is surprising that it should not be wholesome and desira ble for use here at home. As a matter of fact, as long as the meal is allow ed to be exported, a drain amounting in the aggregate to millions of dollar® is being made on the soils of the south to the enrichment of the natives of Eu rope. At the same time they are de veloping an industry of world-wide im portance and producing for their con suming population the most wholesome and desirable of beef and dairy prod ucts. It is absurd and ridiculous that any one who takes the time to ‘familiarise himself with the basic Importance of the by-products of cotton seed meal to tbe animal industries of the United States should write an article which tends to discredit the use of these ma terials. What is needed is a campaign of education which will reveal to oui own people the very great mistake they are making in failing to utilize these products here at home so that our own beef and dairy industries may be ad vanced to the proud position which they should occupy. When this is done “starving America” will be abundantly supplied with the most wholesome and desirable dairy products at a reasonable cost. * CROPS FOR SUMMER GRAZING. E. B. S., Ben Hill, Ga.. writes: What do you think beat to sow for a summer pas ture? What has been your experience In sowing oats aiul peas together? How about German millet as a forage for cows, also sorghum hay? What would you sow when raiding Bermuda that would be good to pusture while the Bermuda is getting started? I am starting in the dairy busi ness and would like your answers to these questions. | crop. The nitrate should be put on rel- : atively early in the season, the last ap- I plication being made about two weeks ! before the corn bunches to tassel. Some ; will disagree with this and suggest a later application, but there is danger of ! producing stalk at the expense of grain where the nitrate is put on too late in the season. A good formula, in our. judgment, to | use under your corn would be 1,000 • pounds of acid phosphate, 600 pounds ; of tankage, 200 pounds of muriate of p # otash and 200 pounds of cotton seed meal. You should secure tankage which runs relatively high in nitrogen and phosphoric acid. The use of nitrogen from three sources under this crop would be advisable, in our judgment. So far as the cotton is concerned, lime is not necessary for it, and we would advise the use of at least five tons of yard manure under the driJl row at the time of planting. Then use not less than 1,000 pounds of a 10-3-6 formula. If your cotton makes an unusually vig orous stalk and is rather shy in fruit ing, we would increase the phosphorus to 12 per cent and the potash to 7. It may be advisable to use nitrate of soda as a top dressing for your cotton. The development of the crop as the season progresses will be the determining; fac tor by which you can judge of the need of nitrate of soda. • For Spanish peanuts we would apply 1,000 pounds of pulverized limestone per acre, and use 500 pounds of a form ula containing 10 per cent of phosphor us, 1.5 to 2 per cent of nitrogen and 8 per fcent of potash. * * * BUILDING A RAT-PROOF GRANARY. E. B. F.. Edison, Ga.. writes: I would like to know how to build a rat-proof oat bin for GOO bushels of oats. I want it ven tilated sufficiently to keep the oats from spoiling. Want to put them In right from the thrash. HOW COOL NIGHTS AFFECT THE COTTON The best summer pasture which one can have for dairy cows in Georgia is a good Bermuda sod. Where this is not •available various forage crops may be used under .soiling conditions; that is, we would be disposed to cut them in a green condition and feed to the • oows in the manger or on the sod land even if the area Qf sod were very limited. Of course, this involves more labor than where you pasture the crops di rectly, but in our experience such crops as are satisfactory for grazing purposes are largely destroyed by the tramping, or in other words, are not economically used for pasture purposes. Fall sown rye or winter and spring oats furnish excellent pastures in Georgia for the. late winter and early spring. As soon as they are gone Bermuda may be relied, on. If one plants German millet early and uses sorghum, corn, cowpeas and soy beans in proper succession, an .abundance of green feed may be had from early spring until late fall. Nat urally the silo should be depended on for the purpose of supplying a substi tute for grass in the winter. Corn may be broadcasted on a limited area and cut for fodder. Oats may be allowed to head up and fed in the sheath. Mil-, let may be grazed directly or cut and fed just as it begins to head out. If early maturing varieties of cowpeas are used they should be sufficiently matured to cut for forage about the first to the middle of July. Sorghum will not be ready until later in the season. We doubt the advisability of attempting to sow anything with Bermuda grass other than a light scattering of oats or mil let. Any of the legumes would be liable to shade the ground and hold the Ber muda in check. In fact, you will get the best results from sodding the Ber muda and letting it alone until it gets well started. * • * TWO HUNDRED BUSHELS PER ACRE. J. W. F., Harlem, Ga., writes: I have an acre of land that I want to make 200 bushels of corn on. It was in peas last year which were turned under and rye sown. The first of February I broadcasted nine two-horse loads of stable manure and turned under rye and stable manure about ten inch es deep. Would you lime the land? Am thiuklng of broadcasting a ton of equal parts of kalntt and acid and using one ton of fertilizer as side application and 800 pounds of nitrate of soda. I have another acre treated the same way on which I wish to grow cotton. What fer tilizers should I use? We make a vigorous stalk. What fertilizer should I use on Spanish peanuts? You have certainly acted wisely in applying your manure broadcast to your corn land and “plowing under the rye stubble before it becomes too vigorous. The rye helps to hold the available plant food which the soil contained last fall when the pea crop was turned under, even though it did not add a large amount of vegetable matter to the soil. Lime this land by all means, using at least one ton per acre of the finely ground raw rock. It should be scatter ed over the surface of the ground as soon as possible and worked in with a harrow, but not plowed down. We think, an application of one ton per acre of a high grade fertilizer formula should an swer very well. We are sure that the use of the phosphorus and potash would be advisable, for with the liberal appli cations of nitrate of soda as top dress ings which you have in view, there is liable to be an overproduction of stalk at the expense of grain unless there is an abundance of phosphorus and potash available to stimulate the production of grain and hasten the maturity of the A rat-proof structure may be built in one of several ways. If you desire to erect a special building in which to store your oats, there is probably noth ing better to use for this purpose than corrugated galvanized iron. The roof and the sides may be made of this, the floor to be made of wood and suffi ciently strong to carry the necessary weight. The inside frame of the build ing would of necessity have to be wood and well set and braced to give the proper resistance. The inside lining, if desirable, may be of tongue-and- grooved flooring. The floor should be covered with a heavy grade of tin, and this should be painted with red lead to prevent its rusting. It probably would be well to use the granary for a year or two before painting the tin, so as to allow the grease to wear off and thus insure the lead adhering more per fectly. A simpler structure even than this may be made by sinking in the ground several cedar blocks to a proper depth. Then take a large galvanized iron wash tub and invert on top of the piers and build the granary of wood just as you would build an ordinary room, reinforcing it sufficiently to stand the necessary strain. A third method which may be em ployed' to good advantage would be to construct a cement foundation. The footings should be eight or ten inchos wide and a wall run up to four inches, which should rise above the ground about one foot. The inside should be filled and packed with earth and a cement floor laid thereon. Cinders should be used underneath the floor, as this helps to insure dryness. A wood overlay should be made, on the cement floor, so as to properly protect the oats. It Vould be well to have an air space beneath the wobd floor. The frame of the building should be of wood. The outisde should be covered with wire lath and then a cement plaster put on the lath. A coating should be put on both inside and out. The wire lath should be strung on about a. No. 12 wire, whiqh helps to give regidity. The roof may be made of galvanized iron, or you may use metal shingles; but we think they are not so desirable as the interlocked gal vanized iron roofing. If you desire to build a granary inside your barn, you will first of all have to line it with wood and then cover it with heavy sheet .tin. The roof and floors would of necessity have to be covered, and the inside of the boors as well. * * * PEAS AND SWEET POTATOES AFT^R OATS. W\ B. C., Glenwood, Ga., writes: I nve about fifteen acres of spring oats which I will harvest in about a week. I wish to plant the most remunerative crop on this land after, the oat crop comes off. I am thinking of sowing to Unknown peas. Could I plant this land to advantage In sweet po tatoes? I have swamp drift fairly well rotted to place in the rows. Is there a fair demand for potatoes In carload lots? There is no reason why you should not sow UnkTiown cowpeas after oats. It is well to break the land before plant ing the peas unless you happen to strike a season when conditions are just right for disking. In such case you can some times broadcast the peas and Work them into the soil and secure a stand very quickly and without much labor, but in our experience it has paid us to plow the land. We generally use a gang plow for this purpose, breaking the land fairly shallow and then seed ing the peas with a drill as we find we obtain larger yields and a more satis factory stand by this practice. We ad vise the use of 300 pounds of a 10-1-4 under peas. There is no reason why some of this land should not be planted to sweet potatoes. In fact, the Writer has made it a practice to plant sweet po tatoes after Irish potatoes for seyeral years past and has produced fine crops of sweet potatoes. Oat stubble turned under and properly worked up should furnish a good seed bed for potatoes. Remember that the land should be thor oughly prepared. We would fertilize it well with about a 9-3.5-6, anil we think a minimum application should be 500 to 600 pounds. The use of the swamp drift in the drills will be helpful, pro vided the material is well decayed. We would put the leaf mold in the bottom of the furrow and mix it and the fer tilizer well with the soil and then bed and set out the potato slips. There is a good demand for sweet potatoes at cer tain seasons of the year. Sometimes during the autumn the market is glutted, but if one can store them for a while they can often be sold to good advan tage. • • * OATS AS A FOOD FOR COWS. J. J. C., writes: Do you consider oats a balanced ration for dairy cows? If not, wlmt should be fed with them ? Do you think it Injurious to feed cows heavily on cotton seed meal and hulls In the summer months? Have you ever known oats to kill cows if allowed to eat nil they want? Unusual climatic conditions have pre vailed throughout the cotton growing sections of the country during the past month which have greatly retarded the development of the cotton plant. The cotton plant is a child of the sun and does not flourish under adverse- climatic conditions. While young it is very ten der and requires that its surroundings should be favorable to insure proper growth and development. Cotton grows only when the land is warm. Burkett in this beautiful sentiment says: “The blossom itself tells us this. In the morn ing of a bright clear, warm day it opens to its full extent to drink in the sun, but as soon as the danip evening ap proaches it closes as if it would keep cold and dew wholly without. In every way the cotton'plant shows its nature and its longing for warmth and sun shine. Its leaves ever appear to turn to the east In the morniTig, watching for sunrise and seem to follow it in its course until it sets in the west, then thqy droop, as if the day’s work were finished, and await the. coming of the sun again.” The nights for the past month have been too cold for the wellbeing of the cotton plant and as a result the plant has been slow in developing. This sug gests the importance of the farmer’s cultivating the soil in such a manner as will enable it to absorb the heat from the sun that the young plants may feei its inspiring effect. Not a moment’s time should be lost by the cotton grower. The cool nights are chilling the plants through and through, preventing their rapid growth which is so essential to a perfect stalk development. It- is a maxim of law based upon common sense and experience, that for every wrong there is a remedy, but before the remedy can be applied the cause whence the evil springs must be definitely ascer tained. There is no doubt but that the cause for the retarded growth of the newly planted cotton plant is due to the chill of the plant by the continuous oool nights. Remove the child and in troduce in its stead warmth and the cotton plant will take on new life and vigor and when normal conditions re turn will rapidly overcome the evil ef fects of an unfavorable condition. Sucess in cotton raising depends largely upon the care given the young plants during the period of unfavorable weather conditions. If the soil is not areated it Gan not absorb heat, and as a result the plant becomes stunted, it not diseased. The foliage becomes dis torted because the leaves lose water by transpiration faster than it can be ab sorbed by the chilled roots, thus inter fering with the normal habit of the plant to form branches and at the same time to extend its fibrous roots into the soil. Shallow cultivation of the cotton plant is necessary to a vigorous growth because its lateral roots contain thou sands of very minute hair roots whose functions are to drink in the moisture of the soil and to absorb through their cell-like mouths the dissolved plant food in the soil. Deep plowing cuts and lacerates thes"? rootlets and thus de stroys thousands of the little hair roots depriving the plant of the benefits ol the patural processes by which the energy of the plant is sustained, caus ing the plant to shed Its fruit and dis couraging the formation of fruit buds The ground should be thoroughly work ed and reworked and no crust should be permitted to form. This crust would prevent the soil from warming up ano at the same time induce moisture ana evaporation. If the farmer will plow his young cotton plants, using care to prevent interference with the develop ment of a perfect and harmonious root system the soil will absorb heat when otherwise it would become clammy and compact, shutting out the heat and in creasing the chill. Cotton is the basis of the dominant industry of the world. It is monarch that brooks no rival. It acknowledges no master. The whole world is interest ed in it and any circumstance that tends to lessen its production concerns us all. TAKE THE BEST CARE OF THE BROOD SOW RENEWED TREATIES ARE RECOMMENDED (By Associated Press.) WASHINGTON, June 9.—Renewals ot aribtration treaties with Great Britain, Italy and Spain, about to expire, were favorably reporte.*. today by the foreign relations .committee and doubtless will be ratified by the senate. An extradition treaty witn Paraguay almost, if not absolutely the last place in the world where an American crimi nal is safe from justice, also was ap proved. Senator Bacon’s bills to raise the le gation at Madrid to an embassy and cre ate separate legations for Uraguay and Paraguay were approved. The pro posed canal treaty with Nicaragua was not discussed. ate an unlimited quantity. I have seen animals gorge themselves on oats and then drink a large amount of water and then die from hoven or bloat. This was due to the fact that the owner did not know how to treat the animals promptly. There is no reason why the average dairy cow should be fed over 10 to 12 pounds of oats per day. The amount of grain to feed is about a pound to a pound and a half per 1,000 pounds of live weight when giving 2 to 21-2 gal lons a day. The ration should be ad justed to the milk flow. SECOND CROP IRISH POTATOES. * A Subscriber, Rock Hill, S. C., writes: I Lave an acre of land that I want to plant In fall crop Irish potatoes. The land is a mixture of sand and clay. I want to get the land in a fine state of cultivation be fore planting. It has been lying out for several years. Please tell me how to fertil ize and manage the crop so as to secure the largest yield. On© of the most important factors in successful hog raising is the proper care of the brood sow before and after far rowing. Of what value is it for a sow to produce a litter of eight or ten pigs and not be able to raise more than three or four? If strong, vigorous pigs are to be produced and a large percentage raised, they must not only have parents of good individuality and heeding, but the sow must be given some special care ^nd attention, particularly -at farrow ing time. In the first place, the sow should be bred when she is in a vigorous and gaining condition. While not allowed to become too fat, she should be in good, flesh at farrowing time, such flesh not resulting from corn alone, but from a well balanced ration in connection with good pasture. It must be remembered that the sow must have protein and min eral matter for the development of the pigs she carries as well as the upkeep of her own body. Suh feeds as corn, kaffir corn, milo maize and rice bran fed alone will not furnish those nutrients in sufficient quantity, but must be supple mented wtih such feeds as skim milk, wheat shorts, tankage or meat meal that are rich in protein, and combined with such pasture as oats, wheat, rye, barley or Bermuda grass, if the best results are to be obtained. If provided with such grazing crops as alfalfa, cowpeas. Spanish peanuts, burr clover or Ddarf Essex rape, no additional protein feeds are necessary, and hence any of these crops in connection with a limited amount of corn, kaffir corn, milo maize or rice bran will give satisfactory re sults. Ten days or two weeks before the sow is due to farrow, she should be sep arated from the rest of the herd, com fortably located in an inclosure suf ficiently large for exercise and prodded with a small farrowing house. If allow ed to remain wtih the herd and to far row in some old fence corner or some other similarly undesirable place, it should be no wonder if the number of pigs raised is small. An A-shaped farrowing house is a very good kind. It should be about 7 feet wide and 9 feet long at the bot tom, with the distance from the top, perpendicular to the bottom, about 6 feet. It should have a door 2 feet wide by 2 1-2 feet deep in one end, and a window 1 1-2 feet in the other. A floor is not necessary. Within this house, on each side and at the rear end, should be arranged a piece of 2x4 tim ber about 8 inches above the ground, and the same distance out from the wall. This will serve as a guard to keep the sow from accidentally killing the young pigs by squeezing them against the wall. If the walls, Which also form the roof, are arranged on hinges at or near the top, they may be elevated during warm weather so as to permit a free circulation of air, and thus form an excellent shade. The house should be constructed upon 4x4 inch skids so that it may be drawn from one place to another when a change of location is desired. Such a house may be constructed at a cost not to exceed $7 to $9. Special care should be exercised in feeding the sow at farrowing time. Overfeeding at this time is almost cer- to cause bad results. It will often oduce an abnormal feverish condition in the sow, sometimes resulting in her eating her pigs. It, furthermore, may produce a larger njilk flow than is best for the pigs at this time, thus proving injurious to them by causing scours, thumps, etc. Beginning about a week before the sow is due to farrow, her ration should be gradually reduced to at least one-half. After farrowing, "she should not be disturbed nor receive any feed for about twenty-four hours, though she should have free access to water. The first feed should be light— a slop of wheat bran being good. Sev eral days should be taken in gradually getting her back to full feed so % as to produce no more milk tjian the pigs can well take. Three or four weeks after farrowing, green grazing should constitute a portion of the ration for both sow and pigs if the best results are to be obtained. Oats make an excellent food for dairy cows. They contain the digestible nu trients in about the right proportion to meet the needs of this class of animals to good advantage. You will find that the oats can be fed to best advantage after grinding in most instances. It is also well to mix them with a small amount of coarse feed. While oats by themselves make an excellent ration, they are costly and can often be com bined with bran and cotton seed meal to good advantage. Where you are feeding a cow as much as 8 to 10 pounds of grain a day, feed two to three pounds of cotton seed meal and the bal ance of oats. Mix the two together and feed in equal proportions night and morning. The amount of grain to feed a cow will depend much on the flow of milk. There is no reason why a large amount of meal and hulls should be fed to cows In the summer time unless you have no pasturage. In that event we would advise you to plant crops which may be used for soiling purposes; that Is, fed green when they are about sufficiently matured to make good hay. Of course, oats might kill a cow if she Land intended for second crop Irish potatoes should be put in the best pos sible condition. To this end it would be pereferable to plow it at an early date and then harrow and work it often enough to keep weeds in check and pre vent the escape of moisture. In fact, breaking it the second time if sea sonal conditions are favorable would not be bad practice. If you can secure any yard manure or well decayed veg etable matter from the woods scatter it over the surface of the ground be fore you plow it. Of course, only a moderate amount of manure should be used at this season of the year, but as the potato’ does best in a soil which contains a considerable per cent of veg etable matter, it is well to try and im prove it in this respect unless it has already been enriched by previous ap plications of manure. Plowing the land some weeks in advance of when you de sire to plant it and then giving it thor ough surface cultivation will put it in excellent tilth and will conserve a suf ficient amount of moisture to induce rapid germination. We think a good formula to use would be about a 9-4-6. A minimum application would be 600 pounds per acre, and we would open furrows a.nd put the fertilizer in the bottom thereof and then mix the fer tilizer thoroughly with the soil before planting the potatoes. Medium sized whole potatoes should be planted as a rule and they should be covered to a fair depth. Getting them up to a stand is often a difficult matter. From ten to twelve bushels of whole potatoes should be sufficient to plant an acre. Cartridges for the National Shoot As a result of the tests recently con ducted by the Government Board of Ex perts to select the ammunition to be used at the coming big International shoot to be held at Camp Perry in August and September, Winchester rifle and revolver cartridges have added another big tri umph to their long list. On account of their superior shooting in the 300 Meter test, Winchester rifle cartridges will be used by the expert riflemen of the world who take part in the International Matches, and Winchester revolver car tridges will be used in the National Matches to be held about the same time. In the tests of revolver ammunition. Win chester cartridges not only outshot all other makes, but made a new World’s Record for accuracy.—(Advt.) AGENTS $24 A WEEK R. M. King Made $45 In 6 Days AMERICANS IN MEXICO GIVE CRY OF DISTRESS Appeal to Wilson for Protec tion Against Mexicans Who , Are Endangering Lives AMPiCO, Mexico. June 9.—'Three hundred Americans located In southern Tamaulipas, representing sixty-eight families, have demanded in a long mes sage to President Wilson, sent through Consul Miller here, to know r , “once for all,” whether they can expect protection from their home government, since they “do not desire to take measures for our own safety which would embarrass our government without giving due notice before hand.” The message of the American was transmitted by wireless through Consul Miller to W. W. Canada, the American consul at Vera Cruz, to be forwarded to Washington. It says in part: “Having been left 'without any pro tection whatever on the part of both sides in the pending controversy, there fore we can look for protection only from our own country. We must know once for all if we can expect same. Having been subjected to slights and a great variety of indignities and gross abuse during the last few days, the sit uation calls for most serious prepara tions for our persona^ safety and the defense of our families and our inter ests. Therefore we have assembled for the purpose of considering the best way. We consider protection necessary now, since that after death it will be of no utility.” The message declares in addition that the petitioners have borne financial losses silently, but that many of them cannot obey the advice to “get away if in danger,” as their departure would mean the abandoning of the accumula tions of a lifetime. “We consider the lives of ourselves and our families in dan^r, and the sit uation has justified this petition several times in the last few days,” the mes sage continues. “It is no longer doubt ful that the slightest spark will bring on the dread conflagration at any mo ment. . In many instances the small arms sold American citizens on the part of the American government for their protection have been demanded, and in some instances they have ben taken.” Butter contains water and salt Cottolene is 100% shortening When you buy butter fbi cooking purposes, you* are paying for25% waterand salt; you get but 75% real shorten ing value. In Cottolene you get 100% shortening. Cottolene costs much less, than good butter---and gives just as good results in short ening and frying. Cottolene is as cheap or cheaper than lard—gives better results— and is absolutely healthful, which is more than can be said of lard. Cottolene is economical, because one- third less is re quired than of either butter' or lard. THE N. K. FAIRBANlf COMPANY Fish Bite Like Hungry Wolves. Fill your Nets Traps or Trot Lines if you bait with M AOIC-FI8H-LURE. Best bait ever used for attracting all kinds of fish. Write for price 'ist to-day and get a box to help introduce it. Agents wanted. J. F. GREGORY, Dept. 0 St. Louis, Mo. BUflfilESTMif CENTURY BUGGIES are built lor hard terries. The best of material ■ tnd workmanship used throughout—every detail of construction and finish rigidly in«pected and tested. Every Vehicle Guaranteed for 3 Yeara. | We Sell Direct to the TJaer—cut out all middlemen's LyJ profits and sate you $25.00 to $45.00. _ _ " EASY PAYMENTS ON ALL VEHICLES f Pay for yoar buggy while you use it. Boggy abown hero—triple anto seat, latest model, highest quality— 0.00 to $125.00. Our prices range from $29..'~ retail value $100.01 >.50 up; ...... . IF $10.00 down and $5.00 a month—guaranteed to please or your money back. Write for Freight Paid Prices. Your credit it good—-write for Free catalogs showing full line of Buggies, Surreys and Farm Wagons. We make a fine line of HARNES8—and sell it at lowest prica. A for Catalog. CENTURY MANUF»r.TURIN0 C0..Dep(.W«, E««l St.lMll.IIL or Sept. 934, 200 filth Are., New York CUT. 3Y£A» GUARANTEE -m u c COST An eng best adapted ^ for your work it the engine you can depend on—capable of heavy anti steady work every day with less upkeep in coat. Cole's Engines are the result of more than _. years experience and success. Their wonderful ability--aotual economy of fuel-thetr high grade mater- * * * *-*“ A -,nt and i ... lal-skiUed workmanship-their constant and reliable per- CmMmm M mmunimu unformsnoe gives you the utmost In power and the greatest jeig on a genuine guarantee ln en gi n * B your money can buy. Compact and have balanoed book FREE K. D. COLE MANUFACTURING valves. If yon will make a comparison with any other engine, you Will find Its superiority at once. All these are things to look 1 for-that count ln buying an engine. Don’t buy an engine until you have Investigated the Cole. ' Write today for catalogue and Aill Information regard! speolal engine offer. Do this now. NEWNAN, Dr. Wiley Wins Bet But Loses Handful Of Hair to a Baby (By Associated Pro.*,) WASHINGTON, June 6.—Dr. Harvey W. Wiley, former chief chemist of the department of agriculture and "pure food” champion. Is minus a handful of hair, as the result of a wager made with a friend at the Cosmos club. It developed today that Dr. Wiley to prove his theory that a proper diet was es sential for the welfare of young chil dren, cited the case of his own baby, who is not yet one year old. "I haven't much hair to spare,” said Dr. Wiley, "but if my youngster can’t yank out a handful or two of it, Just to illustrate his strength I'll buy you a new hat.” The scoffer, who happened to ue a close friend of the Wiley family, ac cepted the offer. The Wiley baby "made good” the denuded spot on Dr. Wiley’s pate now is covered by the hat the un believer was forced to buy. 98 cents To advertise oar business, make now friends and Introdaoe our groat cate* loguo of Elgin watchea wo will and thia elegant watch to any addroaa bp mall postpaid for Only •• oonto. Regular gentlemen's also, opsn faoe, full engraved, high grade gold plate finiah, Arabic or Roman dial, lsvar ee* f capament, stem wind and stem set, a marvelously correct timekeeper and , fully Guaranteed far • Yeara. Send thia advertisement to ua with yonp ¥ name and addraaa and 08 cents and watch will bo sent by return mad pbaV paid. Satisfaction guaranteed or money refunded. Remember, 08 oenta la posk velv all you have to pay for this wonderful watch. Send 08 cents today. Addraar . E. CHALMERS & CO. 838 80. Dearborn St. CHICACO Farmer’s Favorite $1£2 The Three Leading Papers for only One Dollar and this pair of Gold Handled Shears FREE Sign your name and ad dress to Coupon below and send to us withOne Dollar and we will send you , 50 H W X w tn rrj m z m H w ^ O Months IS IN ONE Forged steel. Patented. Low priced. Sells to auto owners, farmers, mechanics in the shops and the home. Not sold ln stores. No competition. Sales easy. Big profits. Ten-inch sample to workers. Write at once. THOMAS TOOL CO.,S5S38Wol Si., Darton, Olio 1 will lemd^ou a Talking Machine orVlCTROLA VICTOR r for a trial in your own home. You need not send me f : eent. I will send you a genuine Victor or VicUola t I (any one you may choose from my complete Free cata- i I lc-1; if after trial you decide to keep it, I will scllitt^yoa i j on term*of my easy payment plan, and for not one cent J j more than you would pay for a cash purchase. If you de- I ^ cidethnt you don’t want it just notify me and [ send it back at my expense. The risk its all I i mine. I trust you. Write to-day for my | j proposition. PETER GOODWIN, Pres,, f Goodwin Mercantile Co., 6*9 entury Bide. St. Louis. Mo. j THE SEMI WEEKLY JOURNAL Til* Biggest Newspaper tn the South. Home and Farm 12 Months The Biggeat and Oldeit Buna Journal ln the lonth. Woman’s World Magazine 12 Months Most Widely Circulated Magaaiae in the Word- and the Gold Handled Shears FREE me Na Post office p. f. b. . Stato