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6 THE ATLANTA SEMI-WEEKLY JOURNAL, ATLANTA, GA., TUESDAY, JULY 8, 1913. -I This department will cheerfully endeavor to furnish any information. Letters should 6f addressed to Dr. Andrew M. Soule, president Stats Agricultural College, Athens, Oa. Georgia As a Cotton Growing State P UBLIC attention has recently been directed to the large amount of corn shipped into Georgia each year in spite of the fact that the state has made quite a remarkable increase in yield per acre during the past few years. This result, as is well known, is attributable largely to the work of the boys corn clubs which by the way should be encouraged by every citizen who has the welfare of the state at heart. It takes a long time to overcome inertia and to Induce people to follow a new trail no matter.how successfully it may have been blazed out. Therefore, we should not be discouraged because Geor gia is not-at present raising all the corn she consumes. According to statistical information, there is a considerable in crease in the live stock interests of the state, and our towns and cities have made quite a remarkable growth in the past decade. As a result, there has no doubt been a proportionate growth in consumption which has tended to offset the increased yield of about thirty mil lion bushels shown by the state as a whole since 1909. In spite of all which has been or can be done for some time to come, the fetish of coiion still looms entirely too large in the eye of the farmer. Overcoming this is a difficult problem and it is going to be more near ly accomplished through educating the boys to the possibilities of corn cultiva tion in the state of Georgia than in any should be made etaosihrd eta etao other way. Of course, every effort should be made to induce the adult farm er to change his methods and this will undoubtedly be done through the ex tension-demonstration agencies now at work in the state, but the great empha sis in the struggle to transform the methods of farm practice in Georgia should be centered on the redirection of the efforts of the rising generation which is so soon to take the helm of agri cultural affairs under its control. Can Georgia grow corn successfully and profitably? There is no longer doubt as tq the positive answer which should be given to this question. Last year the seasonable conditions were probably as unfavorable in the state as they have been in a decade and yet nearly 100 boys produced 100 or more bushels of corn per acre. The remarkable thing about this result is the fact that these boys were scattered throughout the length and breadth of the state. In other words the maximum yields referred to were not secured in any one county, division or section. This furnishes pretty conclu sive proof that large yields of corn may be secured in almost any part of the state where rational methods of soil preparation, fertilization and cultivation are given due consideration. An examination into the records of these young men together wich those of hundreds of others who did not pro duce as much as 100 bushels per acre shows that their corn was made at a reasonable cost. For instance, in Cha- tooga county, fifty boys made an average yield per acre of 47 bushels at an aver age cost of $30 per acre. In Muscogee county fourteen boys made an average yield of 55 bushels at an average profit of $33.50. In Jenkins county nine boys made an average yield of 53 bushels per acre at an average profit of $32.77. In Emanuel county, twelve boys made an average yield of 47.7 bushels per acre at an average profit of $26.50. How were these results accomplished and are they practicable on the average farm? In the first place, these yields were obtained by a more thorough prep aration of the soil than had ever been accorded it before. Since the ground was broken in most instances with two- horse turning plows or disks, there is no reason why the same method should not be extended to practically all the land devoted to corn growing in Georgia. Many of the boys used some yard manure or vegetable matter on their land. There is no reason why every farmer should not have a compost heap, and why'he should not take greater care of the yard manure produced on his farm. There is no good reason why the live stock business should not be in creased and larger supplies of yard manure made available. Certainly, ev ery farmer can afford to grow some le guminous crops and plow them under for the enrichment of his soil. The way is clear, therefore, for increasing the supply of vegetable matter in Geor gia soils and thus making it possible to raise a larger amount of c?orn on all the land devoted to this crop. Natural ly these results can not be attained in one year, but it is essential that a definite scheme of soil building be in augurated on every plantation in the state, and the boys have shown how this may be done. Some will say that these acre plats of corn were grown only on the choicest piece of land available on a given farm. It matters not if this be the case. The point is that the other land can be built up by means at the disposal of the farmer and made equally -rich. It may take several years to do it, but the result will be shown in an increased yield. Of course, the boys fertilized their areas of land rather freely. Pos sibly some of them overdid it. In other words, they applied more fertil izer than was really necessary, but on land which has been properly prepared from 500 pounds and upwards of high- grade fertilizer may be used to advan- the past. For the most part they used prolific varieties and tested their seed to eee that it would gerrfcinate so as to in sure a uniform stand. This is a very essential matter. As a rule, the corn was planted in rows about four feet apart and rather thickly in the drill, that is about one foot apart. Shallow surface cultivation was given through out the growing season and cultivation was persisted in as late as possible. No impractical methods were employed by the boys, yet if the same care and atten tion were given to the cultivation of all the corn grown throughout the state as was exercised by the boys on their acre plats, the yiel<l would be materially in creased, and the amount of ground nec essary to produce it next year reduced by one-half. There is no reason why Georgia should not grow all the corn she needs herd at home, and it at a good tage for the production of corn in Geor gia As the basis of these fertilizers cotton seed meal may be selected as the carrier of nitrogen. Corn is a compara tively long season prop, and therefore, PG'D'Kr HARVESTER with Binder Attach- LGIbii ment cuts and throws in piles on harvester or winrow. Man and horse cuts and shocks equal with a corn Binder. Sold in every state. Price $20.00. W. H. BUXTON, of Johns town, Ohio, writes: “The Harvester has proven all you claim for it; the Harvester saved me over $25.00 In labor last year’s corn cutting. I ent over 500 shocks; will make 4 bushels corn to a shock.” Testimonials and catalog free, showing pictures of harvester. Address NEW PROCESS MPG. CO., Salina, Kansas an organic source of nitrogen will pro vide this element in sufficient rapidity to meet its needs. Our experience would indicate that, relatively speaking, cotton seed meal has given us as cheap a base upon which to build a fertilizer as any other mate rial we have experimented with for sev eral years past. For corn on clay lands an 8-3-3 will answer very well; on loamy soils a 9-3-4; and on sandy lands a 10-8.6-5. In order to secure the high nitrogen content suggested in some of these formulas nitrate of soda will need to be used as a top dressing. A small amount of it, not over 100 pounds to the ton, may be incorporated with the mixed fertilizer, the basis of the fer tilizer being cotton seed meal, acid phosphate and nitrate of potash. These elements are easy to secure and are more or less markedly deficient in many of our soils, but the farmer who under takes to use heavy applications of fer tilizer must bear in mind that the thor ough preparation of the soil and the use of vegetable matter are essential if he expects to secure a proper returp from the fertilizer. Ordinarily, we would be inclined to put 300 pounds*of the fer tilizer under' the drill row and use 200 pounds as a side application on soils of fair fertility. On very rich and high ly fertile soils all of the fertilizer may be put under the drill row at the time of planting the corn. On thin, sandy soils probably two side applications may be desirable which would carry the amount applied per acre up to 700 pounds. The boys selected their seed corn with greater care than has been practiced in profit and at a saving of anywhere from $50,000,000 to $60,000,000, which is now sent out of the state for the purchase of corn. It is not much use to grow 10 to 12-cent cotton and rail to produce our corn at homfe. A permanent type of prosperity cannot be brought to the state by such methods. Let the lessons of the corn club boys for the past few years sink deep Into our hearts, and let us as .adult farmers throughout the state of Georgia deter mine to make this a banner year in corn production. APPLYING NITRATE IN A DRY SPELL. S. A. M., Demorest, Ga., writes: I have about half an acre In corn, beans, beets and Irish potatoes. If the weather is dry would it help to put some nitrate of soda on the crop and how much should I use for a half acre? Would the nitrate of soda do good even If the ground has plenty of rain? A little nitrogen or a top dressing of some kind is often helpful to crops dur ing a 'sudden dry spell. Of course, fer tilizer cannot take the place of rain, but a little nitrogen will often stimulate growth and invigorate the crop so that it will stand up against drought condi tions to better advantage. The nitrogen •can often be used, especially on vege tables, to great adavntage, even though the ground contains a good supply of moisture. The amount of nitrogen to use will, of course, be governed by the natural fertility of your soil. Most of the truck lands are not overly rich, and, therefore, we believe you could ap ply 75 pounds to the half acre to crops of the character mentioned in your let ter to good advantage. The nitrate of soda should be put on after you have cultivated the crop. Scatter it along the surface of the ground and in the vicinity of the plants, but not against the stalks. You will be surprised to see the nitrate of soda disappear in a day or two. This form of nitrogen becomes immediately available to the growing crop as soon as dissolved in water and the moisture rising to the surface through capillarity will accumulate in sufficient quantity to dissolve the ni trate of soda very quickly. We would advise that you put the nitrogen on im mediately. Of course, when there is an abundance of rainfall orops will often do better with a minimum amount of fertilizer than they will with a maxi mum amount in a dry season. • * • PREPARING FOR NEXT YEAR’S CROP. J. B. L., Ashford, Ala., writes: 1 wish to produce a bale of cotton per acre on my land next season. I know that Is a long; way off. I want advice Jn regard to pro ducing a bale of cottoiU and 50 bushels of per acre. You are acting wisely in preparing your land for next season’s crop well in advance. A bale of cotton per acre and 50 bushels of corn ^cannot be produced without takihg forethought, unless one is blessed with abnormally rich soil, such as the best bottoms provide. The thing for you to do is to plow this land as thoroughly as, you possibly can and as soon as practicable. Then seed it to velvet beans or cowpeas. The cow- peas may be broadcasted and harrowed in, though it is always better to drill them. The velvet beans can be planted in hills about four feet apart in each direction, or they may be planted in drills and dropped say about /a. foot to eighteen inches in the row. Fertilize this crop say with 300 pounds of a 10-1- 5 formula. In the early fall when the lower leaves begin to turn yellow or the pods show signs of ripening on the tip end turn the mass under. It may be necessary to roll the land first and then use a cutaway harrow on it. Turn the vines down as completely as possible and do this before frost strikes them. A light seeding of rye br rye and vetch may be scattered over the ground to prevent washing during the winter, but if the land is level no cover crop need be used. Plow as early in the spring as practicable. Then lay off in rows for cotton 4 to 4 1-2 feet apart and about the same distance for corn. Plant a prolific type of corn and a variety of cotton, which has given the best re sults in your community. Use under the rows all the litter and leaf mold you can get If you have yard manure put from 2 to 5 tons per acre. Fertilize well with an application of 400 to 500 pounds of a 10-3-5 formula for corn and a 9-3-4 for cotton. Use one or two side applications. Give shallow and thorough cultivation, and keep the ground free of weeds. These are the best suggestions we can offer in your attempt to produce maxi mum crops of corn and cotton on land of the character described in your let ter. • • * A FORMULA FOR SOUTH GEORGIA. A. W. M., Albany, Ga., writes: WUat do you think of the following formula for a second application: ICO pounds of cotton seen meal, 440 pounds of nitrate of soda, 1,100 pounds of kninit, 300 pounds of 10 per cent acid phosphate? When would be the best time to put this around cotton? Should it be put around the older 'or younger cotton. We put 400 pounds to the acre of high- grade guano before planting. The formula in question would con tain approximately 82 pounds of availa ble nitrogen, 52 pounds of available phosphoric acid and 141 pounds of STATE MUST CHANGE ITS POLICY TOWARD EXPERIMENT STATION Protest of Li. S, Department of Agriculture Over Way Federal Appropriation Has Been Spent Causes Anxiety After having been supressed effective ly for almost a full month the letter from the United States department of agriculture to former Governor Brown, criticising the administration of the Georgia Experiment station and indi cating that the government’s annual $20,000 appropriation was in danger of being withdrawn if conditions were not immediately improved, became public Saturday. Information that such a letter had been written to the former governor leaked out a day or so ago, but not until Saturday could a copy of it be obtained. Upon receiving the letter Governor Brown transmitted it, or a copy of it, to J. J. Conner, then commissioner of agriculture who was ex-officio chairman of the board of trustees of the experi ment station. If any action was taken by Gover nor Brown or Commissioner Connor on this letter it cannot be ascertained. As soon as he learned of the complaint from Washington, J. D. Price, the new commissioner of agriculture, wrote to Dr. E. W. Allen, the government in spector who brought the criticism against the station, and requested that he attend a meeting of the board of trustees to be held at Experiment on Wednesday, July 9, there tp outline to the trustees and station officials just what is expected of them by the gov ernment. Dr. Allen will comply with this request. Commissioner Price is now ex-officio chairman of the board of trustees. Asked for an expression on tne govern ment’s letter of complaint, Mr. Price said: WHAT PRICE SAYS. “We expect to conduct the experi ment station in the future in strict ac cordance with the law covering the government appropriation. The diverting of a portion of the ap propriation in years past to purposes other than those contemplated in the act of congress was due to the fact that the state has not appropriated suf ficient money to the station to erect buildings and keep them in repair.- Only about $700 a year is given to this in stitution bjj- the state and practically all of that sum is used to pay the per diem and mileage of the members of the board of trustees. “I notice that the United States de partment of agriculture takes the posi tion that the experiment station should be operated at the same place and in conjunction with the state college of agriculture. When the station was es tablished I held this view and intro duced a bill in the legislature to locate it at Athens. Now that it has been lo cated near Griffin and has acquired a most valuable plant ana experimental farm I am in favor of keeping it there, but I do think there should be a full co-operation between it and the agricul tural college.” LETTER OF COMPLAINT. Following is the letter of complaint written by the department to Governor Brown: “June 11, 1913. “Hon. Joseph M. Brown, Governor of Georgia, Atlanta, Ga. Sir—The recent inspection of the Georgia Experiment Station by Dr. E. W. Allen, of this department, has brought to light a situation which I beg to call to your attention. It has teen apparent for some time that the affairs of the station were in a condi tion far from satisfactory to the de partment, and suggestions and recom- available potash. Its percentage com position is approximately 2.6 per cent •of phosphoric acid, 4.1 per cent of ni trogen and 7.5 per cent of potash. If your land is very sandy we think this formula would answer very well; other wise, we believe that the potash is higher than need be and the phosphoric acid too low. The percentage of nitro gen for a side application is In our jurgment about right. If the older cot ton is growing nicely and is in a vig orous condition, we would prefer to put this side application on the younger and more poorly developed part of the crop. A side application of the char acter you have suggested may be put on in your section of the state in our judgment as late as the 10th of July, though we would be Inclined to put it on by the first if at all practical to do so. An application of this character put on small cotton would not be like ly to over-stimulate growth as the crop would have a longer time before maturity In which to utilize a formula of this character. We think 600 pounds is not too much fertilizer to use on the cotton crop even where the soil is of very good quality. Hence we would not hesitate to use the side application* on the bigger cotton on account of the previous application to which you re fer. R. J. M., Jacksonville, Fla., writes: What is the quickest, easiest and most inexpensive way of cooling milk? What breed of cow» are best adapted for dairy purposes this far south ? Probably the quickest, easiest and most inexpensive way of cooling milk is through the use of what is known as an aerator. These are constructed in different ways. In some instances they are so built that a large quantity of ice may be placed on the inside of the cooler, and then the milk is poured into the box-like arrangement at the top and run slowly down through small holes over the chilled surface. Another type of cooler is corrugated and is so arranged that a hose may be attached to the top w T ith a convenient outlet at the bottom. Water either from a spring or well and which has been cooled in some artificial manner Is then run through the aerator, and as the milk runs down into a thin stream over the outside it is quickly chilled. After this process is completed some dairymen set their milk in boxes of ice and also have refrigerators of greater or less capacity for storing ice 30 that they may have (the advantage of a low temperature in which to place the milk as soon as the animal odor has been gotten out of it by the process of aeration suggested. There is no one best breed of dairy : cows, Holsteins, Jerseys, Guernseys and other breeds will give excellent results in the south. We have herds of Jerseys and Holsteins on the college farm and find them both excellent for certain purposes. The Jerseys give a higher per cent of fat in the milk, but not so large a flow as the Holsteins. They are smaller animals than the Holsteins, but the Holsteins are large, vigorous ani mals giving a fine quantity of whole some milk. The milk from this breed is especially adapted for consumption on the part of young children because it is not so rich in butter rat as that ob tained from Jerseys. You will not make a mistake in purchasing well selected and disease-free animals of any one of these breeds, provided you feed and handle them in a rational manner. CRIMSON CLOVER, A GOOD CROP, ALSO HELPS LAND FERTILITY Numerous inquiries indicate an in creasing interest in crimson clover. It is now being grown on small areas where a few years ago many claimed it could not be grown. It is one of our very best spring-growing legumes. When sowed early enough and the win ter is mild it makes considerable growth during the late fall and winter, but. its strong point is its rapid early spring growth and maturity. It furnishes an early crop of hay when feed is usually scarce, or may be plowed under at ma turity in time for a crop of corn. Its weak point is the difficulty of getting a stand. Failures with it are due to a variety of causes, but prob ably these occur most frequently from lack of inoculation; seeding too early when the young plants are killed by dry hot weather, or seeding too late, when the plants fail to make sufficient growth to withstand the winter freez ing. As a rule we think failure to inocu late the soil is the most common cause of failure to get a good crop and next in importance In causing these failures is sowing too late, but except in the northern part of our territory, sowing too early Is also a frequent cause of failure. Many want to sow it in corn when laying-by that crop, but in the cotton belt. As a general rule, however, it may practice, for even in the northern part of the cotton belt we do not think it should be sowed before the latter part of August and further south Septem ber 1 to October 1 is better. Neither do we advie sowing it at the last work ing of cotton, except possibly in the extreme northern part of the cotton belt. A a general rule, however, it may be sowed immediately after the first picking of cotton, or possibly after the second picking in some localities. It is not suitable for growing on land to be followed by cotton, for it does not mature sufficiently early to permit of a proper preparation of cotton lands; but there is no better preparation for a corn crop. Whether it is cut for hay or plowed under, the corn will be ben efited, but, of course, much more bene fit is received by the corn crop If the crimson clover is plower under, late planteing and the resulting danger o? the corn suffering for lack of moisture need not be seriously feared an ordi nary year. We advise every farmer to try at least a small acrea of crimson clover this year. If the crop has not been grown successfully on the farm, plow, say one acre, now, disk and harrow im mediately, and harrow once every ten days or two weeks until the latter part of August or September, according to the location, and then inoculate the acre with 500 to 1.000 pounds of soil from a field where crimson, small white or red clover has grown successfully or with the commercial cultures of the bacteria which may be purchased from our advertisers, and sow the seed and brush them in lightly with a horrow. If a good crop is obtained, this soil will inoculate the whole farm and more crimson clover will surely be grown; but if only a little of it grows, do not become discouraged, but repeat the same operations on the same acre next year and success is almost certain to follow. mendations have accordingly been made to its officials, which apparently have not been acted upon. I regret to say that the station has now reached so low a level of efficiency and made such questionable use of the funds ap propriated by the federal government as to arouse sferious concern and to raise the question of continuing the apportionments to the station. “The experiment station is a scien tific institution, designed for the in vestigation of problems relating to ag riculture. As such, it requires a staff of men trained and experienced in their several departments, with a clear insight into the methods of investiga tion and ability to successfully attack problems from a scientific viewpoint. To guide and direct such a staff, provide for them the facilities and the condi tions essential to their best work, and to give them sympathetic and intelli gent leadership and support calls for a man at the head of the station with broad training in the methods of sci ence, with an appreciation of its needs and its application to agricultural problems, and with sufficient vision to map out a policy and a line of action to meet the demands of the state. It is quite evident that for several years past this fundamental requirement has not been met in the administration of the Georgia station* and as a result of this and of other conditions which have dominated the station, it has drifted further and further from its real pur pose, and It has followed a policy which is not in harmony with the spir it or the language of the federal acts providing the appropriations. UNFORTUNATE LOCATION. “One large contributing factor in this situation has been the unfortunate loca tion of the station away from the col lege of agriculture and the university, a condition which finds parallel in only one other state. This separation has af fected the standards and ideals of the station, cut It off from many material advantages, and deprived its staff of the association and the atmosphere sur rounding a seat of learning so stimulat ing and helpful to research. “The advantages of close association of the station with tJie agricultural col lege or university are so numerous and so universally recognized, and the diffi culties of maintaining an efficient sta tion under the conditions and the in fluences which have heretofore been in control are so great, that it seems im possible that so illogical an arrange ment, which is out of harmony with the specific terms of the acts establishing the stations, should be allowed to con tinue. “The policy of conducting a model farm, with general farming, dairying, and other operations on a commercial seal2, or with insignificant and insuffi cient experimental features, has led in the judgment of the department to a practical diversion of the federal funds from their proper use. As a result of this policy the federal funds have been employed in such manner as to give large financial returns which have been placed in sales or “surpliis” fund used freely for purposes contrary to the ap propriating acts. Numerous devices have been resorted to in order to increase this surplus fund, and the staff has been encouraged to use the federal funds in ! conducting operations which would con- j tribute revenue to this fund, with undue j regard to the experimental features. The consequent drain upon the government appropriations has been heavy. For ex ample, the labor charges against the federal funds for the first ten months of the current fiscal year (to May 1, 1913) were found to have amounted to about $4,300, while only $16.53 had been paid for labor from the surplus fund. This surplus fund has not been employed for the conduct of experiments such as are contemplated by the appropriating acts, nor for helping defray the expenses of the commercial farming operations, but has been used for building and other purposes open to objection. Numerous bu.iAuings and residences' of the station have been erected with the accumula tions of this fund, although the expecta tion has. been that the buildings and lands would be provided from other sources, both the Hatch and the Adams acts stipulating that only 5 per cent may be used for such purposes, to meet tem porary needs and emergencies. “Attention has repeatedly been callea to these features of comercial farming and the Inroads they were making on ap propriations provided solely for experi ment and investigation. The recent In spection, however, discloses the fact that there has been no change in policy in this regard, and that a sales or surplus fund of over $11,000 has been accumulated, largely with a wrong use of the federal MAKE THAT HAY CROP SURE; BIG PROFIT IF CARED FOR appropriations, which is now being em ployed to provide a system of farm build ings necessitated by the fire of last sum mer. “I cannot but regard this continued practice as a diversion of the funds given in trust to the state for a definite and specific purpose. Taken in connection with other maters relating to the conduct of the station, a serious question of fu ture policy toward the station is raised, which can only be satisfied by a marked change in its management and in the at titude pursued toward it. “It is cited in Justification of this course of turning the federal funds to purposes of gain, that the state has never supplied funds for needed buildings and to meet other expenses, and in fact has never made any appropriations toward the support of the institution. It has thus Imposed upon the management of the station a condition which has presented unusual difficulties in maintaining a strictly legal use of the federal funds, and I am disposed to accept this as a partial reason for the course which has been pur sued. It appears that the requirements of an administrative head of the station have now been realized, and a director with training and experience in science and in experiment station work has been selected who should be able to interprei in the Georgia station the spirit and tne purpose of an experiment station. Mucn of his success will depend, upon his cor dial support in an attempt to bring the station to a higher plane, but great diffi culty will be experienced in meeting the requirements of the station and making it of greatest usefulness to the state witn- out an appropriation from the state. The need and the propriety of such state ap propriations to supplement the appropria tion of $30,000 annually from the federal government has been very generally rec ognized, and the state of Georgia has been conspicuous by its failure to aid the sta tion In its work or its equipment. “I have taken the liberty of calling your attention to these matters in order that you may be advised of the situation and may take such steps as seem ad visable In the direction of a remedy. I may say that in view of the present con- | dition of the station and the unsatisfac- j tory use It has made of its funds in the past, this department will feel constrain ed to insi$t on a very literal interpreta- j tion of the laws in the future use of tne j federal appropriations, and to recommend tehir suspension if such conditions are not maintained as enable a legal and ef ficient use of these funds. This course will naturally emphasize the necessity or a state appropriation, which will relieve the new director from pressure which the station has been under In‘the past, and enable a new policy to be Inaugurated. “Very respectfully, (Signed) “B. T. Galloway, “Acting Secretary.’” This is a badly neglected crop even when a large acreage is grown, not one field In a hundred making the profitable crop that It might if proper drainage, right soil praparation, and fertilization were given the attention that the im portance of the crop would indicate should be given. I have seen—all over the south—men pulling up corn fodder for feed, when they had many little pieces of the rich est sort of bottom land, one acre of which would have produced three times the hay that an acre of corn blades will make; and the harvesting of which could have been done at one-fifth the cost of the same amount of com fodder. Let us clean up, right now, ten thou sand of these little rich pieces, grub out the bushes, plow as thoroughly as we can, harrow until we have about ruined the land. Then sow in an early matur ing variety of peas and soy beans that will mature in time to make hay of by the middle of September. Then disk or coulter the stubble until we have ruined the land again, sow 600 poundes of burned lime or 1,000 pounds of finely ground lime rock per acre and harrow again (coulter- ing would be better, as by that means the working of the soil would be done to a greater depth.) Then apply 500 pounds of 16 per cent add phosphate or if a car of ground rock can be used in the neigsborhood, use 250 pounds of the acid and 500 pounds of the raw rock. Harrow this in thoroughly and if located in the clay sections, sow six pounds per acre oi herdsgrass, six pounds of sapling clover, and ix pounde of timothy. Harrow lightly, and if the weather” be dry, roll the land. On sandy soils, or in the hot ter sections, I would leave out the tim othy. Now don’t neglect the deep working of the soil; for while the grasses are shal low-rooted plants they must* in order to make large yields, have a continuous supply of moisture, and the safest way to increase this condition is to make a torage reservoir for water, which means a well drained, deeply broken, finely pul verized soil, well filled with vegetable mattr. And hay at 1 cent to 1 1-2 cents per pound will pay well for liberal supJ plies of mineral plant foods, especially phoshorus. A few of my friends who are tobaoed growers followed my advice last sum mer and seeded one to three acres each of hay, using the above methods, and they are as proud as can be over thd magnificent crops of hay that are com ing on toward the harvesting time* Our Farm Life association is making* a 1 “gum shoe” campaign for more big crops of hay in Rockingham county. North Carolina, and I give it now as mjl opinion that one county will be selling hay in large quantities before you otheij fellows wake up to the fact that big haj? crops are about the most profitable crops the hill farmers of the soutd can produce. It has been demonstrated time and again, for some years past, that from three to six tons of mixed hay prf acre may be produced on our warm clay and loam soils when we give at^ tention to the proper preparation of the seed bed—so as to insure abundant supplies of moisture—then are liberal in the use of available plant foods. The hay crop, you should remember, too, is one that will remain for sevefcil years after once seeding; producing profitable crops and the close-growing sod will prevent any washing of the soil. One mowing machine will haneftg twelve three-acre crops in a neighbor-J hood and not be working a third o4 the time at that. The twelve ha jl growers can purchase this machine at a cost of $3 per man, or a dollar per acre for the crop, and the machine will do flrstclass work for ten years. If the crop should average only two and a half tons per acre, it would mean! a gross income for these twelve faring of $1,800 for the year, and net abovd the cost of fertilizers $1,656. The aver age farmer can prepare the three acred of land and not know at the end of the season that he had been doing any ex-( tra work, and he can harvest the crop, for about what it would cost him tc haul the same amount of western hay from the depot to his farm. With this Six Pound Portable Post Card Gallery Mr. A. L. Wood, of Montana, made this I money. We can prove it. Hundreds are making [ money "hand over fist.” Letters and reports arrive dally telling of wonderful success and big profits in I this new, up-to-date business. A great, bigoppor- I tunity for you to make $5,00 to $20.00 a day as a "MANDEL” ONE-MINUTE PHOTOGRAPH ER. Be a “portable post card gallery" man. Enjoy the healthful, happy, independent, outdoor life. Travel and see things. Make all your expenses and save money besides. You need absolutely no experience. Success comes to you at once—the first day you begin work with the “Mandel” Post Card Machine A wonderful machine that takes, finishes and delivers post card photographs and photo buttons right on the spot {where the pictures are taken. Machine makes five different styles ol photos. Easy to operate—complete Instructions with outfit. All you do Is. snap the bulb and pocket y oar pro fit a. Anew, sensational K. photographic process—a wonderful discovery* J91 TORNADO BRINGS TERROR TO NORTHERN WISCONSIN LA CROSSE. Wis., July 6.—Many miles of telephone wires are down and communication with rural districts Is Impossible as the result of a tornado this morning. Thousands of dollars of damage was done to crops in this vicin ity. Th. Road to Sueeasa with a “Mendel” Ma chine. Big money at fairs, picnics, carnivals, aviation fields, elrcusss. small towns and I a r st s cities— EVERYWHERE. All you do 1., r, dl.covery- Photos Direct on 0 'Post Cards — No Plates, Films, Printing, or Dark Room time whra big profits. Everybody needs and buys photographs. The sale oT your first supplies practically pays your entire investment, you want to earn $2,000 this year? Then write at onoe. the first in your section and reap the big profits. Inf< free. s either office. ormatlon Is .THE CHICAOO FERROTYPE COMPANY »19 Fmrotyp. Bids. „ Dept. 719, Public Bank Bhf(. Chicago. III. or New York. N. V. A DAKOTA, GA. FARM IS THE NEAREST GUT TO 1KDEPENDEN6E YOUNG MAN BUY 26, 60 or 100-acre RED PEBBLE FARM, Improved and under cultivation, on long, easy terms. THESE FARMS WILL FAY FOR THEMSELVES. WRITS TODAY for our DAKOTA FARMS BOOXLET. COME ON to DAKOTA Thursday, Friday or Saturday of any week. We are here to show crops to prove It. G. C. McKenzie Ashburn, Ga., Dakota, Ga. Edwin P. Ansley Realty Trust Bldg., Atlanta. -am# Your SAMPLE SUIT FREE If w« send you a sample sun tailor-made rfgg&ja to your own measurements No and let you pay for It out of CASH your profit on the first few orders you take, will you act as our local agent? Will you accept a steady position that will pay from $8 to $10 a day —everyday? Send no money. Bs Our BRANCH MANAGER We want you and must have you dressed better than anybody else. Many making $60 to $200, a week. It’s easy. You can do it. Your friends will want Buit like yours. Latest cut made-to- measure sample suit will be sent] you. Choice of hundreds of mod-| els, all kinds of goods—samples show you just whatyou and your friends want—FREE, No exper ience necessary. No capital. We back you every way in your exclusive territory. Everything FREE. Write quick. RELIABLE TAILORING COMPANY™ Dept. 613Y Reliable Bldg., Chicago, l o? . SO ! 7 Stylo! ; New Parcel Post Map and Chart of Horse Remedies We have just bought a large number of New Four Leaf Charts, which we are going to give with The Semi-Weekly Journal. This Chart contains a 1913 Calendar, Pictures of our Presidents from Washington to Wilson, a Chart of Horse Ailments and Remedies, giving Symptoms of Diseases and How to Treat Them; a Parcel Post Map of the United States, with instructions; a large State Map of your own state, besides other in formation and statistics, valuable in every household. We are giv ing a Chart to each person sending us One Dollar for the following papers: The Semi-Weekly Jour nal 18 months, Farm Life 12 months, and Every Day Life 12 months. Use coupon below. we*#*'* F.TTAW. • J UsuihsaS 4 hi. ioycf „!.«,<t ' •• * wa vivr-AV tuns ■ > X THE SEMI-WEEKLY JOURNAL, Atlanta, Ga. Enclosed find One Dollar, for which send me The Semi-Weekly Journal 18 months, Farm Life 12 months, and Every Day Life 12 months, and mail me absolutely free your NEW Ready Reference* Parcel Post Chart. NAME ; P. O • .R. F. D STATE