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4 THE ATLANTA SEMI-WEEKLY JOURNAL, ATLANTA, GA., TUESDAY, OCTOBER 7, 1913. THE SEMI-WEEKLY JOURNAL ATLANTA, OA^ 6 NOBTJC POESTTH 8T. Entered at the Atlanta Postoffice as Mall Matter of the Second Class. JAMES R. GRAY, President and Zdltor. STTSSSCj&XFTXOir PRICE Twelve months — «... 7 Be Six months - — 40e Three months - 26o The Semi-Weekly Journal Is published on Tuesday and Friday, and is mailed by the shortest routes for early delivery. It contains news from all over the world, brought by special leased wires into our office. It has a staff of distinguished contributors, with strong departments of special value to the home and the farm. Agents war ted ct every postoffioe. Liberal com* mission allowed. Outfit free. Write R. R. BRAD LEY, Circulation Manager. The only traveling representatives we have are J. A. Bryan, R. F. Bolton. C. C. Coyle, L. H. Kim brough and C. T. Yates. We will be responsible only for money, paid to the above named traveling repre sentatives. NOTICE TO SUBSCRIBERS. The label used for addressing your paper shows the time your subscription expires. By renewing at least two weeks before the date on this label, you insure regular service. In ordering paper changed, be sure to mention your old, as well as your new address. If on a route please give the route number. We cannot enter subscriptions to begin with back numbers. Remittances should be sent by postal order or registered mail. Address all orders and notioes for this de partment to THE SEMI-WEEKLY JOURNAL, Atlanta. Ga. Twenty-Five Million Acres Of Truck Land in the South. In describing the truck-farm possibilities of the Atlantic and Gulf States of the South, the Yearbook of the federal department of agriculture interestingly Bays: “There is land enough and climate sufficiently favorable to produce the vegetable and fruit sup plies required by many times the present popu lation of the country. Lack of suitable lands is eliminated for many generations; and further development waits upon the solution of economic problems rather than upon the discovery of suit able soils.” This testimony is reassuring to the nation as a whole, while to the South it is peculiarly significant. It means that in this one corner of the continent lie the natural resources of a food supply ample to meet American needs for long decades to come and still remain undiminished. It means that when these resources are duly utilized the present dis crepancy between growth of population and produc tion of food will be evened, so that many problems which now are very disquieting will be seasonably worked out. The South is singularly favored in be ing the treasury of this great reserve force and us she realizes her latent wealth in this regard and turns it to practical account her prosperity and na tional influence will become more and more dominant The authority to which we have referred estimates that in this section there are some twenty-five mil lion acres ideally suited, so far as soil elements- are concerned, to vegetables and fruits and that compar atively a small part of this immense area has yet been used for truck farming or, indeed, for any other agricultural purpose. Within recent years the growth of trucking industries in the South has been note worthy, says the Yearbook, but the great era of de velopment is yet to come or is only now beginning. In commenting on this report the Manufacturers' Record well says: “What a harvest for the South and what ma terial blessings for the whole population of the country are latent in the twenty million or twenty-five million acres of trucking soils still awaiting the expansion of the intelligent treat ment that has already made a few hundred thousand acres to smile toith frequent and abundant truck crops I Realization of the promise, though, will call for much. Capital in the shape of money and men izill be required to equip the country with a twenty-five-million-acre truck farm in the South. Transportation facilities in the shape of quick trains from the growing cen ters to the cities and towns of the North and West, of motor trucks from farms to railroad shipping points and of electric cars throughout the whole region will be increased on lines that have already demonstrated their effectiveness." Georgia’s oportunities for truck farming are un excelled. In Chatnam county alone, says the Year book, there are ninety thousand acres of land ad- mirr.ily suited to this profitable branc" of agriculture. In the vicinity of Savannah some fifteen hundred acres are already devoted to the cultivation of early Irish potatoes, snap beans, peas, strawberries and melons. It is cheering to note that in various parts of the State, progressive farmers are realizing the rich possibilities of the truck-growing industry. We recently cotamented on the fact that around Marshall- viile a thousand acres were being planted in aspar- gus. Similar enterprises are being undertaken in many other counties. The agricultural interests of Georgia are entering a new era, the watchword of which will be the pro duction of a larger and more varied food supply. The resultant value to every field of business will be well-nigh immeasurable. When crops are marketed through every season of the twelvemonth, when the farmer’s income is steady the year around, we shall have better trade, a wider commerce, amore inde pendent people and, in every sense, a more prosper ous State. Now for the Currency Bill. Now that the tariff measure has become a law, public interest and particularly business interest is focused upon the currency hill in the Senate. One of the two great tasks for which President Wilson called Congress into extra session has been accom plished, and to that extent industry and commerce are relieved of suspense. The sooner the remaining half of the work is performed, the better will it Ite for the country’s material interests. This fact, the rank and file of business men evidently realize and there is reason to hope that the pressure of their opinion will now be felt in the Senate as a decisive influence. Certain it is that from this day forward the Sen ate’s responsibility in the matter of bat)king and cur rency reform will grow more weighty and more direct Upon th^ members of the Senate committee, and especially the Democratic members, is fixed the duty of opening the way for a new banking and cur rency system that will safeguard the nation against t panics and provide the means for business security and progress. They will be held strictly account able for unnecessary delay in this all-important work. By expeditious action they will earn the public’s ap proval and serve the country well, but by mere carp ing over details or by obstructive tactics, they will lay themselves open to severest censure. There is no excuse for prolonged delay of the banking and currency bill. As to the general princi ples it embodies, there is well-nigh unanimous assent. It has been well said that "all parties represented in Congress are pledged to this reform; all of them are agreed that the reform should take the course of pro viding a more elastic currency and such a mobilizing of bank reserves as will avoid the dangers of central ization, while overcoming the existing anarchy, so productive of panic conditions and so effective in spreading panic when it comes; all of them are agreed that in a general way, these ends are soundly and safely met in the pending bill.” There are, to be sure, some interests and, per haps, some Senators who oppose banking and cur rency reform of any character whatsoever, but they represent a minority so feeble as not to be worth considering. The mass of public opinion is emphat ically in favor of a thoroughgoing revision of the pres ent system. It is, therefore, the Senate’s plain duty to meet this demand as promptly as possible; The bill now before the committee was carefully considered in the House from every angle. It was subjected to the frankest criticism. In several re spects, it was changed and modified to overcome hon est objections. Other changes in matters of detail will probably improve it; hut its basic principles are firmly established upon broad counsel and sound rea son. Whatever disagreements there may be among the members of the Senate and, particularly the Democratic members, are in the main disagreements upon minor points. They are not of such a character that the prompt passage of the bill should be im periled. Where the issue is one that vitally con cerns the entire country’s interests and that vitally involves the efficiency and prestige of the Democratic party, Senators should not permit their individual wishes in matters of mere detail to block the way to constructive action. There are some members of the Senate, it is sAid, and perhaps one or two of the committee, who are inclined to defer further consideration of the bank ing and currency bill until the regular session of Congress in December. Such a course would be un wise, if not dangerous. The most auspicious time for settling differences of opinion on this question is now in the extra ses sion, when the ground is cleared of all other busi ness, when the thought of Congress and of the public is centered upon this one issue. In the regular ses sion, divers other matters will demand attention and it will necessarily take longer to pass a currency bill then than now. There is no reason or justice in holding the country longer in suspense; The tariff measure is out of the way and business is more con fident than ever. So soon as the currency measure is disposed of there will be an additional influx of hopefulness and enterprise. The Senate banking and currency committee should press forward its delibera tions as rapidly as may he, report the bill at the earliest possible dr.te so that it may become a law in the immediate future. How to Address a Letter. Accuracy is a virtue almost as rare as it is useful, accuracy in thought and speech and work. Some thirteen million pieces of mail matter were consigned to the dead-letter office last year, mostly for the rea son that they were carelessly addressed. It would seem that anyone with ordinary intelligence and schooling could direct a letter as it should be, yet thousands and thousands of good people, clothed and in their right mind, are daily burdening postal clerks with all manner of puzzles; and one of the most arduous branches of the service is that in which un usually shrewd and discerning persons spend their time trying to discover the slip-shod writer’s intent. So heavy has the volume of carelessly addressed mail become that the postoffice department has pre pared a set of rules for the proper method of direct ing letters and parcels. It urges, among other things, that all mail matter hear the full name of the person to whom it is sent, together with the street number, where there are street numbers, and also the name of the town or city and the State; it is requested furthermore that these be written legibly and with ink. Simple and uncalled for as such suggestions may appear, there in evident need for their emphasis. The Louisville Courier-Journal aptly observes: These are instructions which, in most cases, may he easily followed, hut they are frequently neglected and that, too, by persons who ought to know better. It would make life much less bur densome to carriers and other postal employes, and to no small extent, would facilitate the mail business of the country if care should take the place of carelessness and the American public should rid itself of hasty and slipshod methods of addressing mail. Considering the amount of carelessness and bad chirography in thU world it is much to the credit of the, department that no more than 13,000,000 packages of mail matter went to the dead letter office in the course of a year’s opera tions. A Fortunate Omission. It is particularly fortunate that the tariff bill was freed from the ill-considered Clarke amendment imposing a tax of fifteen cents a bale on cotton sold for future delivery. No plan for the regulation of cotton exchanges would have had a rightful place in the tariff measure. These issues are logically sep arate and should be dealt with, each upon its own merits. The plan proposed in the Clarke amendment was not only irrelevant to the matter of tariff re form, hut was contrary to the entire spirit and pur pose of the tariff bill. Its adoption would have placed a heavy and unjust burden upon an important field of the country’s business and agricultural inter ests. To the South and especially the Southern farmer, it would have proved grievously injurious. The House Democrats showed practical wisdom in refusing to accept this Senate amendment and the Senate majority, though misguided at first, finally saw the reasonableness of eliminating the cotton tax tariff legislation; and so the new law was saved from a dangerous folly. Whatever measure for the regulation of cotton futures may be proposed in months or years to come should be based upon com mon sense and should not imperil legitimate inter ests merely to punish minor offenses. A woman never shows the white feather—if some Other color is more fashionable. Speech is used by lots of people to conceal what they think. A Great Service to All the People. In his admirably terse and earnest remarks upon signing the tariff bill, President Wilson described the new law as constituting “a great service to the rank and file of the people of this country” and as mark ing the accomplishment of one of the things “which it was necessary to do in order that there might be justice in the United States.” Service and Justice, these were the great ends that beckoned and guided Democratic statesmanship up the long, toilsome road of tariff reform; service in behalf of all the people’s daily needs and justice in behalf of the nation’s common rights an interests. The tariff act which has just gone into effect is dis tinctly a business measure concerning the practical affairs of market-place and home. From a large num ber of the necessaries of life, it lifts or lightens the burdensome tax that has been a potent factor in the high cost of living and has held tens of thousands of households in "necessity’s sharp pinch.” It rings out the order under which the many paid hard tribute for the fortunes of a few; and though we may not expect sudden, miraculous relief from excessive prices, we are at least assured that the one great artificial cause of such prices has been removed and that henceforth normal laws of supply and demand can freely operate. The energy and genius of the American, people will no longer he handicapped by trust-imposed laws in working out this problem. The new tariff act means much more, however, than economic reform; it evidences political reform as well. It signifies that at last our Government is released from the dominion of special privilege and is at once free and competent to deal justly toward public rights. No Congress influenced by self- seeking alliances would havb enacted such a bill and no President entangled with particular interests would have signed it. Truly, as Mr. Wilson says, “one of the things which it was necessary to do in, order that therte might be justice in the United States” has been accomplished magnificently. The old tariff regime not only oppressed the majority of the people but it also enslaved the political party that was its sponsor, enslaved it to forces that op posed all efforts for popular government and free business. The high tariff was the stronghold of the trust, the chief instrument of monopoly. It was the one great harrier in, the path of independent enterprises. The new law means new life to com merce and industry and new prosperity to the peo ple as a whole, the deep, enduring prosperity that springs from economic justice. The Democratic party has redeemed its first great pledge. It has kept the faith and proved worthy of the natiok’s trust. Credit for this great achievement must he given to the unwavering ranks in the House and the Senate, particularly to Mr. Underwood and to Senator Simmons, and to Presi dent Wilson whose wonderful leadership was the inspiration of Congress and the sustaining power at crucial moments. The enactment of the tariff bill is a high victory for the Democratic party, but more than, that it is a victory for the American people; it is the triumph of free, responsible government, a government dedicated to public service and guided by principles of public justice. The Collapse of a Famous Loan A three-line dispatch serves to announce the death of the once famous Chinese loan agreement which President Wilson declined to sanction on the part of the United States because, as he declared, its terms were unjust to China and out of keeping with the ideals of true American diplomacy. Critics of the administration predicted at the time that this re fusal would cost our country’s trade in the Orient dearly, that European Powers would put the loan through regardless of this Government and would enjoy, at our expense, all the advantages it would guarantee interested bankers and merchants. It soon became evident, however, following the President’s action, that the would-be negotiators of the loan were having serious difficulties among them selves as well as with China. While professing a de sire to aid the young republic in solving its urgent problems of finance and in upbuilding its strength, each of the Powers was bent upon more or less selfish designs of its own, each was striving and in triguing to gain some particular advantage. The demands upon China, which in the very outset were exorbitant and a menace to that country’s freedom, became more and more objectionable. At the same time suspicions and jealousies among the Powers themselves continued to grow. The result is that the entire plan has been aban doned in so far as its co-operative aspects are con cerned. The financiers of the various nations inter ested must deal independently with the Chinese ad ministration and receive only such support and pro tection as their respective Governments may see fit to vouchsafe. It is fortunate for the United States that President Wilson declined months ago to com mit this country to a scheme, the unfairness and futility of which are now so clearly exposed. Georgia’s Valuable Corn Crop. One source of Georgia’s prosperity this autumn is its encuraging corn crop. The yield of grain, though still insufficient to meet domestic needs, is notably larger than in years gone by. More corn, was planted, it was more efficiently cultivated; the result will be that less money will go into other sections for the purchase of this staple; the farmer will he that much richer, that much more inde pendent. This is particularly fortunate in view of the com paratively short corn harvest in the West, caused by prolonged drouths, and the resultant high prices. Ha the Georgia crop been less abundant, the farm ers would have been compelled to spend a large part of their cotton profits in buying food supplies. ’he increased acreage and production of corn must he credited directly to the influence of the Boys’ Corn clubs and indirectly to the splendid edu cational crusade Ol the State College of Agriculture and allied State institutions together with the assis tance of private enterprises. The emphasis that has been placed on the production of corn has extended to other food crops and has led to wider interest in all aspects of diversified farming. Indeed, this has been a year of unusual progress in scientific and businesslike agriculture. Farmers have realized more keenly than ever before the un wisdom of staking their all upon a single crop and the practical value of producing at home a larger portion of life’s necessaries. They are thus prepared to reap the blessings of the prosperity that is spreading ofer the entire country, and particularly over the South. They are not compelled to spend all their earnings. It is to be hoped that the goodly experience of this autumn will lead to a still deeper and broader interest in diversified crops next year. A RECIPE FOR HAPPINESS BY DR. FRANK CRANF, (Copyright, 1913, by Frank Cram./ It is worth while to try any recipe for happiness. Here is one that at least is to be commended for its simplicity and for the fact that it is within the reach of all. It is to rid yourself of your notion of your rights. Think a bit, and you will see that the greater part of all the indignities, chagrins and humiliations you have had to endure arise from certain ideas you en tertain ; about what is due you. If you can knead your mind about untty you come to the conclusion that nothing at all is due you, hap piness is pretty sure to come in and take permanent lodgings in your heart. Most of us have a contempt for manipulating our minds to suit the inevitable, and an admiration for those of us who can coerce events to suit their de sires. But, for instance, suppose, when you awake in the morning, before you get out of bed to do your gym nastics, you do a little mental exercise. Ask yourself: “Why should any one love me? Why should I be sought, admired, or praised? What right have I to health or wealth? Others suffer, why should I be hap-' py? I have no claims on the universe, so if anything good comes my way today I shall consider myself in luck.” Before you get up clean out of your mind every feeling of your rights, and see what kind of a day you will have. Don’t try for more than one day, at first, for it will tax your forces. Old habits of thought will bring constant sugges tions, that you are being abused, imposed upon, op pressed .and devoured. Be patient. Put these ideas away. Try, just one day, to act on the theory that you have no rights at all. Expect no gratitude when you help the poor. Look for no recognition when you accommodate a friend. Give up your seat in the crowded car. Step back and wait for others at the theater box office. Require no attention from your servants, your children or your wife. Be a door-mat—it’s only for one day. By night you may be disgusted with the experi ment. And yet, reflect! Have not all the best things of life come to you over your shoulder, and have not the great miseries of your life been due to not getting things you thought you ought to have, things you strived for? Remember the simple and lively emotions caused by the unexpected stroke of luck, by the favor of some one from whom you did not look for it, by the love shown you that you did not dream of, by beauti ful sights, pleasant odors, delightful foods, as weill as other surprises of sympathy, regard and appreciation that fell to you as bolts from a clear sky. The best of our treasures came to us undeserved. The joys that know no yesterdays are all surplus. We never earned them. Health is nature’s largess. True love is the gift of an overbrimming heart. The man who thinks he deserves the love of a good wom an, and the worship of little children, ought to be kicked. In its higher plane, life is not commercial; it is not buying for a price; it is not a realm of law, except the mystic law of love. Thank God! we do not get our just deserts. To get the taste of life we must approach it as & beggar at the king’s court. If we ar© despised, what more natural? If we are feasted, what a marvel! Rather, let us say that none of us can get the rich, sweet flavor of life unless he has the spirit in him of a little child. Verily, verily, he that cannot be changed and be come as a little bhild shall never know at all how good a thing it is to live. Teach Current Literature University study of recent literature Is so contrary to academic tradition and practice that one has to be girt by answering objections. One objection which I should regard very seriously if I thought It well founded is that such courses would be too easy. But by the study of recent literature, X mean “study” and “literature”—not the careless perusal of the “best sell ers” of today or yesterday. Modern philosophy and modern science are no easier than Plato and Aristotle, both of whom could give points to Darwin in literary form and the arrangement of material; Huxley, and William James, and Bergson are literary artists, and all the more worthy of atten tion on that account; but they are not generally re garded as light reading. Among the leading authors of poetry and fiction of recent times, there is a strik ing eagerness to tackle the difficult problems of mod ern civilization and a growing richness In intellectual content. If one does not find sufficient mental exercise In the novels of Henry James and of George Meredith, one can always turn to Meredith’s poetry, which seems to me difficult enough to satisfy the most ardent long ing for intellectual gymnastics. To decide whether Bernard Shaw is a series reform er or merely a cynical scoffer at established institu tions calls for some intellectual effort, and it requires still more to make out what is his progarm of social reform, if the conclusion be reached that he has one. Arnold Bennett and H. G. Wells would give food for thought as well as entertainment to an inquiring mind, and it needs no little critical acumen to discover wheth er Ibsen was a philosopher, or an'artist, or both. The student of romance languages will find as dif ficult stylistic problems in Guy de Maupassant and An- atole France as in the chansons de geste or the fab liaux, and the novels of D’Annunzio and Fogazzaro of fer a field of study no less rich than the Decameron. Sudermann and Hauptmann may not be equal in lit erary value and significance to Goethe and Schiller, but they are at least as worthy of attention as scores of the authors on whom German dissertations are written. X am not suggesting that the older authors should be neglected. I simply urge that the more recent ones should not be denied serious study merely because they are recent—J. W Canllffe, M. A., D. Ut, In the New York Independent. A University of 3200 B. C. Philadelphia.—The discovery of the existence of tue first temple of learning in the world, where the first exponents of the liturgical system congregated, has just been made by Prof. ” Stephen Herbert Langdon. professor of Assyriology in Oxford, who is now inves tigating the Nippur collection of the University of Pennsylvania The tablets were collected in three ex peditions to Nippur in the southern part of Babylonia “I have ascertained from my examination of the tablets that priests had a sexiool in the temple at Nip pur as early as 3200 B. C., and that this school existed about 1,000 years,” said Dr. Langdon. “To these priests is due the liturgical system which spread throughout Babylonia and Assyria and influ enced Greece and Rome. They were exponents of a great university, the most important center of learn ing. I believe it was the first school of learning, and for that reason the University of Pennsylvania’s col lection, which discloses the presence of this university, is of the greatest value to scholars. “The discovery will establish more clearly in the minds of scholars the fact that the origin of religious orders existed in ancient antiquity, and that a very im portant religious order existed at the temple near Nippur.”—New York Time®. A popular man is one who will stand to be bored once in a while. The man who enjoys a vacation most is the one who can’t afford it. Sometimes courtship is the slip between the cup of love and matrimony. A CROP FAILURES IX. MOISTURE AND CROPS. BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN. No other condition to which growing crops may be exposed Is so fatal as dry weather. Wet weather has sometimes produced crop failures, and cold weather oc casionally Is responsible for deficient food suppllw, but, as a rule, the farmer finds drouth the worst ene my that can come between him and the growing food supply. * • • The major portion of the food of the world always will come from the Northern Hemisphere, not only be cause it contains a much greater proportion of arable land, but also because it has a greater amount of rain fall. It is estimated that the average amount of rain falling in the Northern Hemplspher e Is at least one- fourth greater than that falling in the Southern Hem isphere. .• • • One can scarcely realize that his food supply is largely dependent upon the moisture that Is lifted up into the sky from the seas of the antipodes, and car ried by friendly winds to our latitude. Yet It Is a fact well known to meteorologists that the water-car rying winds from the southern seas make possible mil lions of tons of food that we would not get If we had to depend solely upon our own hemisphere for our supply of moisture. • • • It is estimated that the average rainfall of the earth amounts to twenty-four inches. It varies from forty-eight and a half feet, in the region south of the Brahma Pootra valley, to almost nothing In the Sahara desert. The average Is highest at the equator and lowest in the polar regions. It is beyond tlie human mind to conceive the vastness of the work of the world's great pump and water-carrier—the sun and the wind. A mathematician has calculated that the an nual amount of water taken out of the sea by the sun approximates eighty-five trillion tons. In other words, It would be sufficient to fill a lake with an area equal to that part of the United States east of the Mississip pi river to a depth of forty miles. To express it in yet another way, the average annual rainfall per acre throughout the world approximates 2,700 tons a year. • • • Where there Is less than taventy Inches of rainfall a year the region Is said to be semi-arid, until it drops down to ten inches of rain, where desert conditions prevail. About the highest known momentary rain fall was the record made some years ago In India, where at one place It rained’ thirty Inches in a single hour. There have been Innumerable occasions when a thousand tons of water to the acre have fallen In an hour. • e • The energy of the sun, utilized in the evaporation of water, is past Imagination. An inkling of Its vast ness may be gleaned from the statement that the heat given off by the gulf stream Is sufficient to drive 400,000,000 ships like the Lusitania. The heat given off by the gulf stream Is only an unimaginably small fraction of that which the sun sends to th« earth In Its process of pumping up water to Irrigate the habita tions of man. • e • There is a general and widespread belief that cli matic changes occur within a few generations, at most, and even within the recollection of living men. Some attribute the decline of great famines to a greater per centage of seasonable weather. But, as a raattr of fact, transportation has solved the problem. The United States Is so large that there Is never a time when a universal shortage Is experienced, and the rapid methods of interchanging commodities makes It pos sible for one community to meet the needs of another. Wuen one looks over the production statistics of the department of agriculture, he may discover that In one year there was a shortage of corn and In nother year a shortage of wheat, but the total production of the farms of the country has seldom varied more than 6 per cent at the most. New methods of distribution are responsible for the freedom of the population of civilized countries today from famine condltlona • • • The assertion frequently made la that winters for merly were colder than they are today, and that sum mers were hotter, that fewer snows now fall, and that greater floods are experienced. These Impressions find support In the chan ges of the distribution of crops and the dates of harvest. Grapes, corn and olives are no longer cultivated In parts of Europe where formerly they were widely grown. Some point to this as evi dence of climatic changes. Others point to the fact that in many parts of the world lakes are drying up, or that In other places the river flow seems to be' greater. But, as a matter of fact, the climate of any given place has not changed during hlstorio times. The record of the grape harvest of Europe has been ke, since the sixteenth century, and In all that time there has been no marked fluctuation. • • • The modern forester finds a mute but eloquent wit ness of the persistent quality of a climate In the trees which have weathered the centuries. For Instance, some of the giants of the forest In California were standing thousands of years ago, and, as the woodman examines the rings of a new out tree, he finds a si lent record of the years of plenty and the years of famine. During a season of great drouth the growth of the tree In circumference was small, while during years of a plentiful' water supply the growth was large. Going through the one or two thousand rings on a monarch of a California forest, one may see ring cycles of years, ranging back and forth like a pendu lum, from wet to dry and from dry to wet. • * • Man has long struggled to free himself from that terrors of a drouth. His first method was to dig a ditch and to irrigate his land. All of the civilizations of the world’s early history were situated In the arid and semi-arid regions of the earth. Their comparative freedom from famines was due to their utilization of their rivers as well as of their rainfall. But, as the earth's population grew from the 60,000,000 of the era of the Emperor Augustus to the 16,000,000,000 of today, the irrigation ditch no longer sufficed to meet tho needs of humanity. . • • • The next effort was in tne direction of the Improve ment of transportation methods. But, so long as the ox-cart and the man-driven boat wer« the only meana of carrying food into Interior regions, starvation fol lowed crop failures. Governments sought to combat the dangers of famine by forbidding the exportation of commodities from regions likely to suffer from crop failures. But it availed nothing. When railroads were built, however, food found new and constant channels through which to flow, and wherever they were put Into regular operation there was little danger of ex cessive famines in spite of cfop failures. • • • The latest method of combating drouths Is a scen- tifio one. The agriculturists of the world are ransack ing the earth for drouth-resisting plants, which will grow where nothing grew before. Many of these plants have been successfully cultivated in our own country and in the dryer regions abroad. It is confi dently expected by scientific agriculturists that mil lions of acres of semi-arid regions, where irrigation Is impracticable, by the application of the methods of dry farming and growing drouth-resisting crops, will be made to contribute their share of food for the world’s growing population. Pointed Paragraphs The umbrella has -ts ups and downs, but it never kicks. • • • It’s usually the fast young man who is left at the post. • • • Some women worry about worries they might have had but didn’t. * • • The successful man never tells you what he is going to do next. t