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THU ATLANTA KFMT-WEEKLY JOURNAL, ATLANTA, GA. TUESDAY, OCTOBER 7, 1913.
STOP the Awful Waste
: wood shingles — the cause of disastrous
Ffires, leaky roofs and endless expense and
J trqtible. Use beautiful, indestructible Edwerds
“STEEL” Shingles. Cost less, last longer than
J wood—better in every way. Over 100,000 men
J now use Edwards “STEEL" Shingles—the shin-
I cries that never rot. rust or Siam. Ten times
1 easier to put on. Each one dipped in vnoKen
I zifccafteritiscut. No raw or exposed edges.
Patented Edwards Interlocking Device per-
‘ mits contraction and expansion — makes
i joints water-tight FOREVER! 510.000 guar-
\antee against lightning loss FREE.
AGRICULTURAL
n - Education
and Successful Farming-
J Andrew ft §ouLt
This department will cheerfully endeavor to furnish any information.
Letters should be addresstil to Dr. Andrew M. Soule, president State
Agricultural College. Athens, Ga.
| Fumigation is also of some value. You
! may treat your corn in the crib with
; carbon bisulphide. This will not only
; destroy the weevil but will drive out
i the rats.
For poisoning rats prepare two boxes,
one considerably larger than the other,
I with holes in the side large enough to
j admit rats. Poison bates should be
placed in the bottom and near the mid-
i die of the smaller box and the larger
! box should then be inverted over it.
"AaTSavingi^ej^yusing 77i£ A utlimn Application of Fertilizers
Edwards STEEL Shingles
Fire-Proof! Rusi-Fro;?! Leak-Proof!
We sell direct from factory and pay freight. ’
SHINGLE BQOK FREE. Write forbook
and Prepaid Factory Prices. See for your
self bow much less Steel costs than wood-
then get busy! If yon give dimensions of your
roof, we will quote prices on entire job. Send
postal right off — Catalog No. 10353 and
special prices will come by return mail.
THE EDWARDS MANUFACTURING COMPANY
10363 Lock St. Cincinnati, Ohio
Largest Makers of Sheet Mots! Froducts in the World s
y
Low Fares!
Homeseekers tickets are
sold at greatly reduced fares
on the 1 stand 3rdTuesdays
of each month; stopovers
free and 25 days time, via
Cotton Belt Route,—to
Arkansas
and Texas
Winter tourist tickets (round
trip) from southeast points to
many points in Texas, Louisiana
and New Mexico, will be on sale
daily Nov. 1st, 1913 to April 30,
1914; with exceedingly long return
limit of June 1st, 1914. Stopovers.
All year tourist tickets on sale
daily to certain points in Texas
—90 day limit.
The Cotton Belt Route is the
direct line from Memphis toTexas,
through Arkansas—two splendid
trains daily, with electric lighted
equipment of through sleepers,
parlor cars and dining cars. Trains
from all parts of Southeast make
direct connection at Memphis
with Cotton Belt Route trains
to the Southwest.
For full Information about Home-
seekers Fares, Winter Tourist Fares
or All Year Tourist Tickets, address
the undersigned. Books about farm
ing in Southwest, sent free. Writel
L. P. SMITH, Traveling Pass’r Agent,
Brown-Marx Bldg. Birmingham, Ala.
YOUR FALL SUIT
FREE
Mmdm to Your Measure
$30 to $40 would not buy a
better one, but you get it for
nothing. Not a cent to pay.
Simply wear it, tell your friends
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*10 to *15 a Day
taking their orders. It is dead easy.
You never saw a nobbier suit or a
more stunning pattern, cat in strictly
advance style (3 months ahead of th#
times). Your choice of 60 patterns to
choose from. Drop us a postal card
for heavy pattern book, inside infor
mation about styles, self-measuring,
blanks, etc., etc. Don’t wait. Every
thing free —we pay expressage. Get
ahead of the other fellows—write this
very minute. A postal will do it.
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by 20years’ experience.
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Don’t Bny the Ordinary Kind—Investigate the Monarch
Compare the Mighty Monarch with the ordinary stump
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equipment we give you. Send for catalog and guarantee. I
■merman Steel Co., Dept. A J. Lone Tree, lowal
BIG BARGAIN!
$10 Money Order brings you
one 36-lb Feather Bed; 1 set 3-lb
Pillov/s; one pair Fleece Lined
Gotton Blankets (full size),
one Rug (36x72); one Initial
Handkerchief; one Pack Post
Cards, and all for only $10, to in
troduce my featherbeds. Only
one lot to each family. Agents
wanted. Address
L. J. Turner, Box 48, Grover, N.C.
Cut this ad out and return
with money order for all -the
above and get EXTRA, one Pair
Dollar Pillow Shams or Silk
Handkerchief.
*
$4 a day SURE
Easy work with horse and buggy
right where you live in handlHg
our Ironing and fluting machine.
One agent says: "Made $50 in 8Y%
days." We pay $75 a month and
expenses; or commission.
F1AH MM, CO* Bopt. 62, Cirdnaaii, Obi*
/ T' HE season of year is at hand when
•*- preparations for fall-sown crops
nre in order. The wise farmer will
hasten the preparation of his soil as
much as possible, for relatively eavlv
seeding. according to observations
and experiment made different parts of
the south throughout the past twenty
years, has proven the most profltable.
of course, wheat can be seeded so early
that the HeSsian fly will often injure
and destroy it, and hence this point
should be guarded against. Where
early see»ljng\is followe*d, some crops
may make too much top to go through
the winter to the best advantage. This
difficulty can be easily obviated by the
reasonalle grazing off of the particular
area iv question. While the ise of
fez lingers ir- the spring -is generally
considered essential, there is some dif
ference of opinion as to the advisability
of using them .in the fall. There is a
general belief apparently tha< cereals
do not i-eed fertilization. Of course,
much depends on the character of land
on which the crop is to be sown and its
previous treatment. Where lands de
voted to cotton or corn have been very
heavily fertilized, there is undoubtedly
some residue left in the soil, but it
should be remembered that the latter
crop is much more exhaustive to the
soil than cotton, that is, where a yield
of forty to fifty bushels per cicre is ob
tained as compared with a half to
three-quarters or even a bale of cotton
per acre. To conclude that our thin
soils will make heavy crops of cats,
wheat or barley after corn, especially
without additional fertilizers has not
been shown by the experience of our
farmers or the tests of our experiment
station workers to be a wise policy.
Whcie lands have been built up by
systematic rotation or where stock is
kept in abundance as on dairy or beef-
producing farms and there is a consid
erable quantity of yard manure avail
able, the use of fertilizers might be
more or less questionable. Certainly,
the formulas advised would be modified
somewhat and the quantity per acre re
duced.
Under the general conditions prevail
ing in the state cereals sown as winter
cover crops or for the production of
grain the following spring will, as a
rule, respond to the use of fair appli
cations of rationally compounded fer
tilizers. Rye will require, relatively
speaking, less plant food than wheat or
oats. Oats will do better in proportion
than wheat with the same amount of
fertilizer, that is, where th e yield of
grain Is taken as the measure of
efficiency. It is unnecessary to point
out the very material advantages which
the climate of Georgia offers for the
production of winter oats of the rust
proof varieties, rye and in less propor
tion wheat. Where these crops are to
be sown after corn, the use of 300
pounds per acre of a formula contain
ing 2 to 8 per cent of nitrogen, 7 to 9
per cent of phosphoric acid and 3 to 4
per cent of potash becomes advisable.
This formula can often be used to ad
vantage on cotton lands as well. The
larger percentages should be used on
sandy lands and the smaller on clay
lands. The quantity to apply will vary
from 300 to 500 pounds per acre.
While a variety of materials may be
used as the source of supply, it should
be remembered that organic nitrogen,
becoming rather slowly available and
less subject to loss from the soil by
leaching its transference into quickly
available and possibly volatile forms,
should be given preference. As a
source of nitrogen for fall sown crops
our experience indicates that cotton
seed meal is one of the best. Tankage
and other animal by-products have also
proven satisfactory, but the choice of a
source of organic nitrogen should be
made largely on its relative cost to the
farmer. Cotton seed meal, of course, Is
a home-grown product and, the more
extensively it can be utilized in our ag
riculture, the greater becomes the value
of the seed and the better terms of ex
change the farmer can secure. Moreover,
it prevents the constant drain on the
state’s fertilizing elements through per
mitting the meal to be shipped into
other sections and used for food and
fertilizer. Of course, it is to be re
gretted that it can not all be fed to
live stock, but as this seems imprac
ticable in the present state of our ani
mal industries, where the use of nitro
genous fertilizers becomes essential, it
is well to remember its merits and util
ize it as advantageously as possible in
the improvement of our farms.
The value which is placed upon cot-
>ton seed by-products in other sections
of the United States is not as fully ap
preciated as it should be in the south.
The writer was surprised this summer
when visiting a number of stock farms
a thousand miles away from the bor
ders of the state to find it constituting
the basis of the ration for dairy cows
and being used as one of the principal
sources of protein for the nourishment
of beef cattle as well. Of course, the
farmer who believes that some other
source of organic nitrogen will supply
his needs more economically and advan
tageously should not hesitate to use the
qame. Naturally, the nitrogen should
be combined with a sufficient amount of
phosphorus and potash to provide
formulas equivalent in percentages to
those recommended above.
Fertilizers should be incorporated
with the soil at the time of drilling in
the various crops. There is not any
danger of covering it too deeply, for
if put down in the soil to a fair depth,
it encourages deeper and more thorough
rooting of the plants growing on the
land and will thus enable them to stand
the viscissitudes of the winter to bet
ter advantage. Where fertilizers are in
telligently compounded and rationally
used after the crops mentioned, there
is no reason why a good yield of grain
may not be expected the following
spring. In fact, an opportunity to study
agricultural conditions through a long
series of years in several of the south
ern states evidences beyond question
that Georgia can produce winter oats,
for example, to the very best advan
tage. Oats while not an exhausting
crop to the soil require good treatment
and respond in the matter of increased
yield to the judicious use of fertilizers.
It is very desirable that every farmer
engage in the production of winter ce
reals as extensively as possible. They
not only provide a cover crop for the
land which arrests the frightful loss of
soil element due to erosion and leach
ing, but provide more or less grazing
of the most desirable character and en
able the farmer to supply a very consid
erable proportion of the grain he needs
for the spring and summer maintenance
of his live stock.
* * *
BUR CLOVER AND BERMUDA FOR
PASTURE.
W. P. S., Thomnsville, Ga., write*: I
have two acres In Bermuda which Is on
i
poor sandy land. It has been planted two
years but has not made much progress. I
would like to enrich it and plant bur clover
on the Bermuda sod. What kind of fertil
izer should I use for this purpose? Will
natural ground phosphate rock be suitable?
I also have ground limestone on hand. Could
I use this in connection with the ground
phosphate rock ?
In handling the area of grass land to
which you refer, it would in our judg
ment be wise to spread a ton of pulver
ized rock on it as soon as possible. This
should be broadcasted over the land./
The land may then be disked and har
rowed. Then open furrows say about
two feet apart through the sod with a
scooter plow. These furrows should be
rather shallow. Secure the bur clover
seed and clean it so as to remove all
trash. You can run it through a cut
ting box or fan it with a fanning mill
and get it clean just as you would red
clover seed. Inoculate it with material
which you can secure free of cost from
the bureau of plant industry, United
States department of agriculture, Wash
ington, D. C. Then sow freely in the
furrows and cover by running a harrow
across them. Before the harrowing is
done we would suggest the application
of say 500 pounds of acid phosphate,
200 to 300 pounds of kainit or 100
pounds of muriate of potash. You can
use bon e meal if you prefer in place of
the acid phosphate. We hardly think it
would do so Well to use the ground rock
because it contains a considerable per
cent of lime, and you will already have
supplied this deficiency by the ground
raw rock. If you do use phosphate
rock you might withhold the lime and
apply it at the rate of 1,000 to 1,500
pounds per acre, using some potash
along with it, as has already been sug
gested. The phosphate rock x will not
act as quickly on ground as low in veg
etable matter as yours appears to be
as the acid phosphate. You should seed
the bur clover at once.
* * *
DESTROYING RATS.
W. E. G., Megabee, Ga., writes: I would
like to know how ot exterminate rates from
a barn and keep them out of corn when
gathered in the fall. They have destroyed
a quantity of corn for me this year.
The destruction of rats is a difficult
problem. It can best be brought &bout
by the protection of native Jiawks,
oyrls and other predacious animals that
are natural enemies of rats. Cleanliness
around |stables will also be of consid
erable help. The buildings should be
constructed with a view of keeping rats
out. If -one has buildings now which
have been carelessly constructed with
reference to this matter it will be a
difficult problem to destroy the rats.
The threshing and marketing of grain
as soon as possible is an advantage and
straw and trash that harbor rats should
be kept away from the barn. Where
one has a limited amount of corn to
protect, rat-proof cribs jnay be con
structed by lining them with tin. Metal
buildings are now on the market for use
as corn cribs. These are built on a
cement foundation. They are not very
costly, as they are constructed of cor
rugated galvanized iron and will last
a long time where properly taken care
of. It is a good plan to keep a rat dog
on the farm. The systematic destruc
tion of rats may be followed by trap
ping, poisoning and organizing hunts.
“SYRUP OF FIGS" FOB
CONSTIPATED CHILD
Delicious “Fruit Laxative”
can’t harm stomach, liver
and bowels
Every mother realizes, after giving
her children “California Syrup of Figs,”
that this is their ideal laxative, because
they love its pleasant taste and it thor
oughly cleanses the tender little stom
ach, liver and bowels without griping.
When cross, irritable, feverish or
breath is bad, stomach sour, look at the
tongue, mother! If coated, give a tea
spoonful of this harmless “fruit laxa
tive,” and in a few hours all the foul,
constipated waste, sour bile and undi
gested food passes out *of the bowels,
and you have a well, playful child again.
When its little system is full of cold,
throat sore, has stomachache, diarrhoea,
j Arsenic may be used for poisoning the
' bait. There is danger in using these
poisons of destroying poultry and oth
er animals kept on the farm. Great
care in their use should therefore be
exercised.
A good trap to use for the destruction
of rats is known as the barrel trap. This
is made by sawing a barrel half in two
and covering, it, say with cotton seed.
The top of the barrel is hinged so that
when the rats jump on the side of it
they are thrown down into the water.
Steel traps can also be used.
* * *
GRASSES FOR BOTTOM LAND.
W. L. G., Summerville, Gn., writes: I
have about ten acres of creek bottom
which I want to sow in grass, and would
like your advice as to varieties to sow
for hay and how to prepare the land. The
land is in corn this year and will make
i:5 to 30 bushels per acre, but the land is
so wet that 1 do not average a crop in
five years.
If you are satisfied that timothy will
not do well in your location,, the next
most reliable grass for you to use on
bottom lands would be red top. You
no doubt are more or less familiar with
its characteristics and qualities. One
difficulty is to secure seed of a satis
factory character. Personally, we would
not favor the planting of red top alone,
but mix some timothy and alsike clover
with it. We would suggest that you
sow 8 to 19 pounds of recleansed red
top seed with 4 pounds of timothy and
6 to 8 pounds of alsike clover. The
seeding may be done this fall if you are
in position to do the work, immediately.
We think this combination will/be found
as satisfactory for hay making and
grazing purposes on moist bottom lands
subject to moderate overflow and which
are wet and only fairly well drained
as well as any hay or pasture mixture
you can use.
PITTSBURGH PERFECT”FENCE
IT IS IN STRENGTH, safety, long life and distinctive appearance that the
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is in the special-formula Open Hearth wire, the toughest, most durable and uniformly depend
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applied to the wire by the latest improved galvanizing process, and at every joint the wires are
WELDED BY ELECTRICITY
This exclusive process cuts out the useless wire and need
less weight of other makes of fencing, and produces a
•olid, one-piece fabric, the EASIEST of any TO ERECT.
The frames of the “Pittsburgh Perfect’* Gates are also
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SEE YOUR DEALER—But before buying any fence,
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showing many ‘‘Pittsburgh Perfect” Fences for every
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“Pittsborfli Perfect” Product*
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PITTSBURGH STEEL CO.
PITTSBURGH, PA.
Milen #f "Pithbirfb Perfect” Brandi •( Barbed Wire; Irirfit,
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StapiM; Poultry Nettin, Staple.; Refni.r Wire Nail,; Galranired
Wire Nail,; Lame Head Rooting Naib; Bale Tie,, and “Pitubnmb
Perfect Fencing.
COTTON SEED VERSUS MEAL.
L. D. W., Bartlesville, Ga., writes: With
bulls at 35 to 40 cents and meal at $26.00
Is it better to use a crusher and grind your
own seed keeping both the hulls and meal
(plus the oil), or exchange seed at the
rate of 1,300 pounds of meal for 2,000
pounds of seed? Is the oil worth any
thing as a fertilizer?
A ton of seed will ordinariy make
from 800 to 1,000 pounds of meal. A
ton of seed contains approximately 58.8
pounds of nitrogen, 21 pounds of phos
phoric acid, and 21.8 pounds of potash.
The oil in the seed is of no value for
agricultural or fertilizing purposes,
whereas, it is especially valued in com
merce as a human food and for the
production of soap stock and other ma
terials. Moreover, the oil does not take
from your farm fertilizing constituents
of any value since it is a carbohydrate,
that is, consists of carbon, oxygen and
hydrogen—elements which plants secure
directly and indirectly from the air
and soil. Allowing 15 cents a pound
for available nitrogen, 4 cents for avail
able phosphoric acid and 5 cents for
available potash, a ton of cotton seed
would be worth $10.75 for fertilizer
purposes. A ton of meal containing 6.18
per cent of nitrogen, 2.5 per cent of
phosphoric acid and 2 per cent of potash
would contain approximately $22.5 4
worth of fertilizing material.
Since you have a chance to feed the
meal and thus make a direct gain there
from by the production of meat, milk or
in adding to the efficiency of the ration
now fed to your horses and mules, it
seems quite clear from these figures
that it is to your advantage to exchange
the seed for meal. Naturally the larger
proportion of meal you can get for a
ton of seed, the better the basis of ex
change becomes from your point of
view.
NOTES ABOUT LIME.
C. T. L.. Paul an, Ga., writes: I note
you say that ground lime costs at the
mines from $1.50 to $3.00 n tone, but
the prices quoted me run from $5.00 to
$8.00 delivered. I am preparing two acres
for alfalfa and” expect to use lime on my
wheat and experiment with a small acreage
on corn and cotton.
As a rule, lime is likely to give its
largest return to the farmer when ap
plied to legumes. We have had excellent
results from its use on legurnes in
south Georgia, but it has not shown as
yet so large a profit when used under
cotton and corn in that section of the
state as in north Georgia. It has, how
ever, given good results on corn, and if
lands to which it is applied this fall are
to be devoted to legumes next spring
after a crop of winter cereals has been
harvested, we think it good practice to
use the pulverized lime at the rate of
about one ton per acre. Lime should be
bought on its guaranteed composition,
the same as other materials. In the
northwestern part of the state it is prob
ably desirable that the lime run low
in carbonate of magnesium; otherwise it
does not seem to make any particular
difference in so far as our investigations
have revealed up to the present time
as to the proportion of calcium carbo
nate which a given sample of lime may
contain. The raw rock should be ground
reasonably fine, that is, the greater pro
portion of it should pass through a
sieve of 100 meshes to the inch. On the
other hand, it can be ground so fine as
to lessen its value somewhat, that is,
danger of it forming small lumps in the
indigestion, colic—remember, a good “in-
side cleaning should always be the first S oil and being less serviceable than
treatment given. | when In a little coarser condition. The
Millions of mothers keep "California largest particles of lime in a given sam-
Syrup of Figs” handy; they know a tea
spoonful today saves a sick child to
morrow. Ask your druggist for a 50-
cent bottle of “California Syrup of
Figs,” which has directions for habies,
children of all ages and grown-ups
printed on the bottle. Beware of coun
terfeits sold here, so don’t be fooled.
Get the genuine, made by "California
Fig Syrup Company.”
Ask this Man lo
Read your Life.
(
His Wonderful Power to Head Hu
man laves at Any Distance Amazes
All Who Write to Him
Thousands of people in all walks of life have
benefited by this man’s advice. He tells you
what you are capable of, and how you can be
successful. He mentions your
friends and enemies and des
cribes the good and bad
periods of your life ;
His description as ‘to past,
present and future events will
astonish and help you. All he
wants Is your name (written
by yourself), your birth date
and sex to guide him in his
work. Money is not neces
sary. Mention the name of
this paper and get a Trial
Reading free. If you want
to take advantage of this
special offer and obtain a re
view of your life simply send
your full name, address, the
date, month and year of birth (all clearly writ
ten), state whether Mr.. Mrs. or Miss, and also
copy the following verse in your own hand
writing.
"Your power Is marvelous
So people write;
Please read my life
Are my prospects bright?”
If you wish you may enclose 10 cents (stamps
of your own country) to pay postage and cleri
cal work. Send your letter to Clay Burton
Vance, Suite 736-D, Palais-Royal, Paris, France.
Do not enclose coins In your letter. Postage on
letters to France Is 5 cents.—(Advt.)
pie should be about the size of a lump
wheat grain. From our experience we
are Inclined to recommend the use of
the pulverized rock at the rate of 1,000
to 2,000 pounds per acre, preferably
the larger amount. We are not acquaint
ed with the freight costs from the mines
in question to your location, but would
say that our figures as to the probable
cost of ground lime at the mines were
correct. Of course, one should buy it
in carload lots as a matter of econ
omy and in bulk rather than in sacks.
We can see no justification from our
point of view for paying such a high
price for the so-called agricultural lime
as compared with the pulverized rock.
* * *
BOLLS OF COTTON PER POUND.
F. G. B., Demorest, Ga.. writes: Have
you any information on how many bolls
of cotton It takes to make a pound of
either seed or lint cotton under varying
conditions? I wish to make an estimate
of my crop.
There is a wide variation in the num
ber of bolls of cotton required to make
a pound of seed cotton. Season, soil
and climatic conditions will Influence
the number required with a given va
riety quite considerably from year to
year. We have the records of the num
ber of bolls required to make a pound
of seed cotton with quite a large num
ber of varieties. To give you some
idea as to the variation in the number
of bolls required per pound of seed
cotton would say that in 1910 it required
fifty-two bolls to make a pound of seed
cotton with Uncle Sam, 53 with Texas
Bur, 67 with Pullnot, 63 with Cleveland,
88 with Layton, 66 with Culpepper, 102
with Toole, 74 with Columbia, 75 with
Schley, 67 with Mortgage Lifter, and 88
with Jackson’s Limbless. We estimate
that varieties requiring only 65 bolls
and less to the pound of seed cotton are
big boiled varieties. Those requiring
65 to 80 are medium-sized bolls, and
those requiring 80 and upwards, small
boiled varieties.
IMPORTANT FACTS ABOUT
SELECTING OF SEED CORN
Now that the time for wheat plant
ing is at hand again, those who have
planned to raise a larger crop by better
farming methods will be putting their
theories into practice. Many and varied
are the “new” ideas worked out every
day in regard to increasing the wheat
yield of the Middle West. Most of
these ideas are worthless. Let every
farmer think for himself.
The wheat crop of the country de
pends upon four things; The qual
ity of the seed used and the time of
sowing; the manner in which the
ground is tilled and the season of "the
year in which, the tilling is done; the
amount of moisture which falls and the
manner in which the moisture is con
served after it falls; and the adaptabili
ty of the, soil for wheat growing pur
poses.
Whaet ground should he plowed early,
and it should be plowed as deep as the
nature of the soil will permit. In some
soils the plow will run seven inches
deep as easily as it will run three inch
es in others. This upland which cannot
be plowed deep often raises profitable
crops of wheat. The finest appearing
soil may have so much of the nourish
ment sapped out of it by continued
cropping that it will produce rank straw
and little grain. Thin land often raises
fair heads on light straw. Manure,
green fertilizer and commercial ferti
lizers all tend to increase the yield of
wheat to the acre. The land must have
something put into it for the wheat
tq. feed on, especially. while it is head
ing.
As much depends on the way the
land is treated after it is plowed as
the manner in which the plowing is
done. After the plowing is done the
surface cultivations should be very
shallow. The idea is to keep the sur
face loose and free from weeds. Keep
ing the surface loose holds the moist
ure in the ground and the porous earth
will readily absorb small showers which
would not affect hard soil. If deep
plowed ground is allowed to lie for any
length of time without any attention, a
change take s place in it. 4The soil parti
cles begin to crowd together, ©very
heavy shower assists the packing. Soon
the surface forms into a hard crust.
This crust forces the moisture out of
the ground at a rapid rate. The success
ful wheat grower disks his land, or
harrows it lightly, to keep this hard
crust, from forming.
Wheat should not be put into the
ground too early nor too late. Perhaps
the third week in September is the best
time for the farmers of the middle west
to do their sowing. If the seed is to
be treated with any “process” this had
better be done in time to let the kernels
dry thoroughly before putting them in
the drill hopper.
As the population of the country is
increasing fast enough to suit almost
anyone, it is easy for those who run
to see that the wheat yield must be in
creased or something will happen about
a decade or two or three from now. The
only way the wheat yield will ever be
increased is by getting the land in a
higher state of fertility and using bet
ter seed and seeding methods. The most
successful farmers are running their
drills deep. They know the plant isn't
nearly so apt to freeze out if it is down
in the ground a ways.
The machinery used in planting and
harvesting wheat should be of the latest
type. Other crops will stand for about
any kind of machinery; but when a man
has fifty acres—or more—of overripe
wheat needing to be cut he doesn’t want
to fool with a hinder which worked
pretty good ten years ago. The binder
should be looked after pretty frequent
ly. Every bearing and working part
should be kept tightened up. Poor oil
is always the dearest. The new drills
are the best. They are manufactured
so they can be regulated to put the
proper amount of seed into the ground.
The plow should be selected with care,
even if it is a plow. The soil it is to
turn over should be taken into consider
ation. In some fields the disk plows
always do the best work. The disk
plows always do better work in hard
ground then the other kinds. If the
ground comes up in hard lumps the disk
harrow should be used immediately.
Threshing wheat from the shock is
a good way to handle it when the
weather promises to be dry and plen
ty of farmers can co-operate together.
When a man is in a hurry to get his
crop marketed this is the simplest and
easiest way of handling it.
Many farmers stack their wheat.
The advantages of this method are nu
merous. Often it is impossible to get
a threshing machine in a reasonable
lenrth of time after the wheat is cut.
The time the shocks are exposed to the
elements is filled with great danger of
severe loss. Often a heavy rain is pre
ceded by a strong wind. The wind is
apt to blow many shocks open so they
will become soaked. Wet wheat bun
dles are a curse. It seems as if they
never thresh out right after they are
thoroughly soaked.
It doesn’t take a very large crew
to stack a big field of wheat. After it
is once stacked and the stacks are
properly topped out the farmer rests
secure He never feels thoroughly at
rest as long as his grain is in the
shock.
The wheat stacks should be built
properly. The slope from the top down
should be steep enough to drain off the
rain water before it has a chance to
soak into the ends of the bundles. If
in some part of the field there is a
patch of extra rank wheat it should be
reserved for topping out the stack or
stacks. It never pays to make wheat
stocks too large nor ,too small. The
medium size is always the best. As the
top is the most important thing about
the wheat stack extra care should be
taken to put on a good one.
Always keep the binder and other
wheat machinery in a good shed when
they are not in use. Wheat machinery
is very expensive and should be taken
as good care of as a valuable horse.
GOOD MACHINERY AND CULTIVATION
BRING PROFIT IN WHEAT GROWING
The selection of seed corn is a very
important matter—a matter which too
many farmers neglect altogether, and
also a matter about which farmers
have very wrong or much exaggerated
ideas.
Seed corn should be selected from the
field and not from the crib. This is at
length coming to be accepted by all
thoughtful farmers. Everyone who
reads knows that the farmer who goes
to his crib in the spring and picks
out the biggest ears for planting is
merely gambling on the chance of good
seed or poor.
In selecting seed in the field, the
whole plant, and not the ear alone
should be taken into consideration.
This, too, is becoming generally under
stood. Most farmers who select seed
corn this way lqok for a vigorous,
sturdy, broad-leaved stalk of medium
height} for ears that droop without
having objectionably long shanks; for
two good ears of as nearly uniform
shape and size as they can find, if the
variety is a prolific one; for ears borne
at a medium height from the ground
and well covered at the tips.
Even by careful field selection, if the
corn is taken from the general field,
there is little reason to expect that the
strain of corn will be much improved.
This fact is not yet generally under
stood, but it must be. The farmer who
selects his seed corn from the best
stalks in his field does not know that
the pollen—the male element which
fertilized the grain he expects to
plant—did not come from the poorest
stalks in the field. Such field selec
tion as this is far superior to crib se
lection, but the improvement which
will b e made in a strain of corn by such
selection must necessarily be slight.
We say this without forgetting the
great results sometimes claimed by
farmers as the result of one or two
years’ field selection of seed corn.
For real improvement in corn—the
securing and fixing of desirable quali
ties or variety characteristics—farmers
must look to the real corn oreeder; that'
is, to the man who has a special seed
corn patch, planted with seed of known
ancestry, and rogued and selected with,
a definite ideal in view. There is a
great difference between seed selection j
and seed breeding.
Seed from such a breeding patch will
seldom be available for the planting of |
the general crop unless the farmer has j
his own seed plot. The breeder could
not afford to sell seed corn from his
breeding plot at a price farmers would
be willing to pay. If he offers corn for
sale as firstclass seed corn, however,
such corn should not be more than one
generation removed from the seed plot.
In other words, good commercial seed
corn, is carefully selected corn from a
field planted with seed from a real
breeding plot grown by the ear-to-the-
row method.
A fair price for such corn depends
upon the variety, the standing and skill
of the breeder, the real excellence of the
‘strain of corn, the demand for it, etc.
In general, really good seed corn should
be bought for $2 to $5 a bushel.
It will pay the farmer who does not
grow his own seed in a special seed
patety to select it from a field planted
from seed so grown, to buy seed from a
good breeder rather than to risk plant
ing seed even if field selected—of un
known ancestry.
It is seldom good policy to pay fan
cy prices for seed corn ffom some
prize acre on big-yielding patches, with
out knowing something *>f the ancestry
back of the corn. Such seed not infre
quently results in disappointment.
In buying seed corn it is advisable
to secure it from as nearly the same lat
itude as that in which it is to be grown.
If grown on similar soil to that on
which it is to be planted, so much the
better. A variety known to do well in
the section where the corn is to be
planted should be chosen if practicable.
It is quite possible for almost every
community to produce its own supply
of good seed corn, if only some capable
person can be fou»d to take the job
of planting and caring for a breeding
plot each year, and if the other farmers
will pay him a fair price for this well-
bred seed corn aiid plant it. That such
an arrangement would be profitable to
any corn-growing community can scarce
ly be doubted.
Campaign Anti-Speculation
(By Associated Press.)
WASHINGTON, Otc. 6.—On the
heels of the failure of congress to
legislate in the tariff bill to prevent
gambling in_ cotton futures, Represen
tative Harrison, of Mississippi, today
introduced a resolution providing for
an international campaign against such
speculation.
CROUP RELIEVED IN
FIFTEEN MINUTES
No need to dose delicate little stomachs with
internal medicines—apply
mrU'C Croup and C A vyr
IlllU Pneumonia jALlE
Well over throat and chest In five minutes
the breathing is easier and In fifteen minutes
the worst cases are relieved. Croup can be
prevented absolutely by an application
of Vick’s at bed-time covered with warm flan
nel. Absolutely harmless. Samples on request
At all druggists, 25c, 50c and $1.00. Vick
Chemical Co., Greensboro, N. C.-—(Advt.)
AGENTS
BiglVIoney
Every Other Agents’ Offer
Beaten to a Frazzle
Mr. Agent: Open your eyes—I
f have a good thing—abig thing
for you. Listen to a whisper
—don’t make me shout so loud
that other agents in your ter
ritory can hear what 1 have to
say—and maybe get ahead of you.
$50 to $100 a Week Cer
tain Selling Steel Shoes
an Farmers, miners, smelters,
railroad men,creamery workers,hunters,
every man who needs strong, long wearing,
easy, comfortable, water and mud-proof—
warm in winter and cool in summer—shoes,
will buy and recommend “Steel Shoes.**
One pair outwears five pair of any other
“■yle shoe ever made, and < * "*
• world i
ordinary leather v
dug shoes.
$300,000 for Advertising
I have spent this enormous amount of mon
ey In the lust five years advertising "Steel
Shoes.” They are well and favorably known
to thousands of men and boys everywhere.
This is the largest sum ever spent to help
agents make sales and profits.
Live agents—Hustling agents
—aggressive agents
Write today. Let me tell you all about my
new money-making plan for agents—the big
gest money-maker or the oentury.
Send no money—just a short letter or
postcard. All information,
booklets, folders, etc., ab
solutely free.
N.M.Ruthsiein
The Steel
Shoe Man
109 Racine St
RACINE, WIS.
SAVE MONEY
ON THE FARM
It is not a question of what
Southern Farmers make that af
fects their prosperity—it’s what
they save.
A farmer can pay $40.00 for a
poor buggy and have it rattle to
pieces in six months, or he can
pay $65.00 for a good buggy and
have it in constant use for years.
Can’t you see the saving? Now,
one sure way to save money is to
buy quality.
Suppose you, your wife or your
child needs shoes. Save money
| by demanding and buying only
Shield Brand Shoes—and when
you do this you buy quality shoes
that Fit Best—Wear Longest—
that are good and serviceable long
after you have forgotten their cost.
Shield Brand Shoes are made
by skilled shoemakers in the
largest and most perfect shoe fac
tories in the world. They are all
leather of the highest quality—
built to wear and give perfect ser
vice—to look good and feel good
—and every pair a farmer buys
saves him money.
Ask your shoe merchant for
Shield Brand Shoes. Do not ac
cept the kind that are “just as
good.” Make him get for your
sake, and for your money’s sake,
SHIELD BRAND
SHOES
M. C. KISER CO.
Shield Brand Shoemakers
Atlanta, Georgia
20 YEAR
GUARANTEE
Full 7 Jewelet
Genuine strep jeweled Railroad wateb worth *16 to anyone who requires I
lutely roli»bU timsksspor *nd * wateb thatwlil lut» llfstlms. looesnc
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R. E.CHALMERS A CO..638 S«.Osai*oni St..CHIC