Below is the OCR text representation for this newspapers page.

THE ATLANTA SEMI-WEEKLY JOURNAL, ATLANTA, GA., TUESDAY, NOVEMBER 11, 1913. 4 THE SEMI-WEEKLY JOURNAL ATLANTA, GA., 5 NORTH FORSYTH ST. Entered at the Atlanta Postoffice as Mail Matter of the Second Class. JAMES R. GRAY, President and Editor. SUBSCRIPTION PRICE Twelve months 75° Six months 40c Tnree months 25c The Semi-Weekly Journal Is published on Tuesday and Friday, and Is mailed by the shortest routes for early delivery. It contains news from all over the world, brought % by special leased wires into our office. It has a staff of distinguished contributors, with strong departments of special value to the home and the farm. Agents wanted at every postoifice. Liberal com mission allowed. Outfit free. Write R. R. BRAD LEY, Circulation Manager. The only traveling representatives we have are J. A. Bryan, B. F. Bolton, C. C. Coyle, L. H. Kim brough, W. W. Blaokbum and J. W. Brooks. We will be responsible only ’’or money paid to the above r.amed traveling representatives. * NOTICE TO J? UBSCRIBERS. The label used for addressing your paper shows the time your subscription expires. By renewing at least two weeks before the date on this label, you Insure regular service. In ordering paper changed, be sure to mention you old, as well as your new address. If on a route please give th© route number. We cannot enter subscriptions to begin with back numbers. Remittances should be sent by postal order or registered mall. Address all orders and notices fo this de partment tp THE SEMI-WEEKLY JOURNAL, Atlanta, Ga. Men talk during courtship; women after marriage. Let’s Manufacture Our Cotton Encouraging statistics on the cotton manufactur ing interests in the cotton-growing states are con tained in a tabulation based upon figures relating to the year 1909 and just completed and published by the census bureau. If statistics for the present year were obtainable, beyond all doubt they would show even a greater proportion of cotton factories in the south as compared with the total number in the whole country, for within the past four years the southern mills h:.ve increased measurably in numbers. A survey of the census bureau’s tabulation by The Journal’s Washington correspondent shows that Georgia ranked fifth in the nation In the man ufacture of cotton goods, Massachusetts being yet in the lead, and North Carolina and South Carolina coming second and third, with Rhode Island fourth. Pennsylvania, New Hampshire, Connecticut and Alabama follow In that order behind Georgia. The survey shows that the percentage of increase in the manufacture of cotton was decidedly greater in the southern than In the northern states. The latter employ more women than the former, but the southern states employ more child labor than the northern. t Other interesting comparative facts are shown, but the most important are those which bear upon the increase in cotton manufacturing in the south; for that is a phase of development upon which too much stress cannot be placed from the viewpoint of this section. Why should we grow cotton in our fields, and then ship it elsewhere to be manufactured in order that It may be sold hack to us,? There is no logic inherent in that proposition, and its fallacy is be ing disproved very rapidly. We should manufacture not -only more cotton goods than do the New Eng land states, but we should manufacture very much more than they. The fiber should go from our own fields to our own factories. It should be grown, made and bartered among us, and every part of the enhancement In its value should accrue to our own people. Always there will he cotton manufactured In New England and in European mills—yet that Is no rea son why southern mills should not increase. With the increase in manufacturing comes the increase in demand for raw supply. The world must he clothed, even as It must be fed. The catering is to a limitless need. We of the south should receive our' full share of the benefit. The real profit in cotton, as in anything else, is in the finished product. He is truly a great composer who can set a hen to music. Prosperity in Georgia. The picture of Georgia’s prosperity that is painted by Robert F. Maddox, vice president of the American National Bank in Atlanta, in a published Interview, reveals that the "good times recognized by every ob server in his own community form a state-wide con dition, and that all of the southeast shares in them. A remarkable change within the past ninety days is commented upon by Mr. Maddbx. Collections have become easy, nearly all of the five million dollars which the Atlanta banks received from the national treasury for moving the cotton crop has been repaid, and the deposits in the Atlanta banks are now at thejbighest mark in their history. This is indeed a striking summary by a conservative authority. “Our manufacturers are busy, our merchants are cheerful, and therefore the bankers, are content,” says he. ifflr. Maddox attributes this condition wisely to two things—-tile economically raised cotton crop, resulting from intensive cultivation which the farmers are learning to apply; and the largest corn crop in the state’s history, creditable largely to the work of the Boys’ Corn clubs. He estimates the value of the cot ton crop in Georgia this season at approximately $200,000.00$, and quotes an estimate of 75,000,000 bushels on the corn crop. Behind these substantial factors lie other condi tions. to which Mr. Maddox gives credit and which are recognized generally. First of these is the south’s im munity from tariff change. This section has had very little protection heretofore, he points out, and there fore was not so greatly to he affected as were perhaps other sections of the land. Second is the confidence with which the south awaits a sane and wise cur rency law under President Wilson’s guidance, and awaits a sure and safe solution by the president of the Mexican problem. Uneasiness found in some other quarters of the country on these points is not shared here. This confidence, and Georgia’s and the south’s production of two big staple crops, lay a foundation for prosperity which is not to be shaken. i I Huerta Nears the End. The hours are growing short now for Vlctoriano Huerta, last dictator of Mexico. With his treasury practically empty save for the remains of an unwar ranted loan by a British syndicate, and that hardly sufficient to run him until the first of December; with the banks of the republic panicky and trem bling; with uncertainty and apprehension every where about him, he faces deposition just as cer tainly as though the combined armies of the world wore tlosing in on him. He is going down to defeat before circumstances more powerful than force. The surmise among newsgatherers at Washing ton is that the United States government has given Huerta until Monday night ’to reply to its latest note. Then will come the next move by. us. Ob servers in Mexico City are said to speculate that it S will be neither intervention by our forces nor recog nition of the constitutional forces, but a note to the powers that hereafter the United States will regard Mexico as a non-existing nation and will repudiate all her acts, whether allegedly legal or otherwise. And that is what Is feared most by Huerta and his gang. Huerta’s legal counselors who advised him that the way for him to become president was to declare the recent elections void and so to hold indefinitely his grip on the throat of the republic, reckoned without the United States and the powers of the world behind it. When the constitutional congress elected in Madero’s time had convened on September 16 and was about to impeach Huerta as the man responsible for mysterious disappearances among its members, the dictator surrounded them with a battalion of troops and threw the whole business into jail. There the survivors are yet. In that act the dictator terminated any chance that he may have enjoyed previously to become real president of Mexico. Now he may be as bold and as desperate as he pleases, for within a few days his rule will cease. If one seeks confirmation of the belief that Huerta has grown quite desperate, he needs to look no fur ther than the news of Monday and Saturday. The dictator Is alarming his friends by his propensity | toward hard drinking in the public cafes and else- ; where. The other night he drank until a late hour while his henchmen, fearing that he might commit , some rash act to pull their hopes down about their ( ears, besought him to go more soberly. Monday j comes the news that he is conspicuous in the cafes ; until long after the midnight hour. - Huerta has lost his poise. Brandy and wine will make short work of what remains to be done for*his destruction. . Indeed, Marriage Is Too Easy. John R. Wilkinson, the county ordinary, is right when he says that marriage Is too easy. The ordi nary declares that far from contributing to the re puted "affinity" evil, which the grand jury scores, the marriage laws go to the other extreme and are too lax altogether. In a measure, they constitute an evil in themselves. They encourage offhand mar riage by making it possible for callow youngsters of both sexes to get married quick, day or night. They furnish the grist for the divorce mill that shames us. As matters stand now, according to the ordinary, the only exaction is the price of a license. A friend can get that document by swearing that both parties have attained the legal age. There is no safeguard against the wedding of mere girls and boys. There Is nothing to prevent a farce being made of society’s most solemn obligation. Marriages In haste have become too common, par ticularly in Atlanta. So-called-.“romances” are every day matters, and the more foolhardy the venture the more romantic it is supposed to be. The unthink ing young folks, having learned their lesson at a heavy price because the community would not inter pose Its own wisdom to regulate the affair in the first place, all too frequently re-appear sooner or later at the courthouse to ask that the irrevocable mischief be sundered. And right there enters the twin evil—divorce. As marriage is too easy, so also is divorce too easy in our local courts. As marriage may be sanctioned by the price of a license, so also may divorce be sanctioned by the price of a lawyer. The Georgia laws tie the hands ot conscientious Judges, and di rect the verdicts of juries. Divorce should be made even more deliberate than marriage. *The grounds upon which it max he obtained should be limited to two or three, and rigid adherence to those limita tions should he exacted. When divorce becomes difficult, marrlaga will be more serious. Judge Wilkinson suggests a reform which would make it difficult for young people under age to secure their licenses in this state. .That is well and good. The law that fixes a minimum age should be observed inflexibly. But reform need not stop there. It could go a step further, -and discourage hasty marriage by men and women of any age. One way to do this would be to require thu pub lication of all applications for marriage license for a j period before they are granted. The burden should be placed upon the minister | or civil officer who performs the ceremony to know | that the requirements have been met fully. Encourage marriage, by all means. It is a sane, ] normal, instinctive relation. But in order that it i may be as happy as possible, encourage it as a de- j liberate and solemn contract, not as a flippant and ; evil escapade. Ear marks don’t make a genius. Don’t Spend It All. There is much sound wisdom in the advice offered | by the assistant agricultural commissioner of Georgia | to the farmers, that they should not allow the pros- j perous year just past to draw them into extravagance. | Bank the surplus, says Mr. Hughes. Make next year’s | crop on practically a cash basis. If that advice is followed by any large proportion | of the state’s farmers, nothing can hurt Georgia, j When the plague of the boll weevil descends upon us, as it will in due time, they can laugh at It and go on | raising their early-maturing cotton and their food | crops as though it did not exist. The congressman these days is under a sort of [ Following the announcement of Miss Elkins’ en- eight-hour-a-day regulation like any other working gagement, comes that of Vicent Astor. We may now man - j return to the Thaw case and the Mexican situation. THE FRIEND BY DR. FRANK CRANE. (Copyright. 1913, by Frank Crane.) A friend is a person who is “for you,” always, un der any suspicions. He never investigates you. < When charges are made against you, he does not ask proof. He asks the accuser to clear out. He likes yotf just as you are. He does not want to alter you. Whatever kind of coat you are wearing suits him. Whether you have on a dress suit or a hickory shirt with no collar, he thinks it’s fine. He likes your moods, and enjoys your pessimism as much as your optimism. He likes your success. And your failure endears you to him the more. He is better than a lover because he is never jeal ous. He wants nothing from you, except that you be yourself. He is the one being with whom you can feel SAFE. With him you can utter your heart, its badness and Its goodness. You don’t have to be careful. In Ins presence you can be indiscreet; which means you can rest. There are many faithful wives and husbands; there are few faithful friends. Friendship is the most admirable, amazing and rare article among human beings. Anybody may stand by you when you are right; a friend stands by you even when you are wrong. The highest known form of friendship is that of the dog to his master. You are in luck if you can find one man or on© woman on earth who has that kind of affection for you and fidelity to you. Like the shade of a great tree in the noonday heat, is a friend. ^ Like the home port, with your country’s flag flying:, after long journeys, is a friend. A friend is an impregnable citadel of refuge in the strife of existence. It is he that keeps alive your faith in human na ture, that makes you believe it is a good universe. He is the antidote to despair, the elixir, of hope, the tonic for depressipn, the medicine to cure suicide. When you are vigorous and spirited you like to take your pleasures with him; when you are in trouble you want to tell him; when you are sick you want to see him; when you are dying you want him near. You give to him without reluctance and borrow from him without embarrassment. If you can live fifty years and find one absolute friend you are fortunate. For of the thousands of hu man creatures that crawl the earth, few are such stuff as friends are made of. “Wilson and the Currency Bill” Currency legislation is one of the subjects about which the president does not assume to possess all knowledge in existence. Moreover, he cannot but recognize the danger to both the country and his admin istration from enactment of an ill-considered measure which vitally concerns every corporate and personal interest in the land. If an object lesson pointing the need of care in detail were required at all, it has been found already in the blunder which has brought the new tariff law into direct conflict with existing treaties. What the president objects to is not careful con sideration or advantageous amendment, but unneces sary delay. We do not suppose for a moment that he anticipates final action upon the bill in the few re maining weeks of this session, but his insistence that no time be lost serves an admirable purpose in keep ing the subject wholly alive and in evoking discussion which cannot Tail to b e enlightening and beneficial to an exceptional degree. The attention of the country is now riveted upon a nation? 1 necessity which hither to has been recognized but vaguely and timorously— and that in itself is no mean achievement, for which President Wilson deserves undivided credit and un stinted praise.—The North American Review. Mayor Mitchel, Age 34. ' John Purroy Mitchel, thn mayor-elect of Greater New York, began his public service in 1906. In seven short years he has risen to the executive office of the world’s greatest city. Last July he was 34 years old- He is to be the youngest mayor that New York ever had, and in other regards also he gives fair promise to he remarkable. His comparative youth and the rapidity of his rise furnish an interesting commentary upon the times political. No so many generations ago, when warfare was not frowned upon as it Is now and when it and disease together elim.nated men so fast that few achieved middle age, young men by stress of cir cumstance ruled tho world. Today the young man Is rising again to power in the active affairs of nations. Mayor Mitchel, age 34, exemplifies the new spirit. It is true that peculiar conditions insured his election to the mayoralty of Greater New York. Had not Chief Murphy of Tammany Hall lost patience with Governor Sulzor and decreed his ruin, Tam many would not have been exposed as It was to at tacks from all sides and very probably it could not have been defeated. Put Mr. Murphy did lose his patience, and Tammany did go out into the open to fight—and thereupon the fates wrote that the man who opposed Tammany should win. That man hap pened to be John Purroy Mitchel, invulnerable in pri vate and public character. With becoming modesty, Mr. Mitchel seems to have recognized that fact. He says the victory was not a personal triumph, as Indeed it was not. The indica tions are that his head will not be turned at all by his elevation to high office, and that he will make a mayqjj so efficient as to be called yet higher. The •esteem in which President Wilson holds him puts j a stt.mp of approval upon Mayor Mitchel which the | whole country will recognize. The Panama Highway. The movement given impetus by the LaGrange chamber of commerce at its banquet Thursday night, for a highway to connect a number of Georgia and Alabama cities with the Gulf of Mexico, is a most commendable enterprise and merits the enthusiasm which was spoken in its behalf at that gathering. The Panama Highway Development Association, already a fact, was given increased dignity, and the attainment of its purpose seems now well within the scope of probability. The construction of trunk highways is to be en couraged. Being itself a pioneer in that field, with the New York Herald, The Journal can speak from the viewpoint of one with work accomplished and re sults at hand. The National Highway between New York and Atlanta, extended later to Jacksonville, is a big monument to the enterprise of the communities through which it courses the thirteen hundred miles of its length, and its perfection is now but a matter of a few years. The Lincoln Highway and others are applying the axioms which the National Highway has proved. Therefore the Panama Highway is no haphazard venture after unknown possibilities. It has a definite end in view. The timeliness of its purpose, on the eve of the Panama canal’s opening, will sound a pe culiarly effective appeal, for it will help just so much more in the preparation of the south for the opportunities that are coming. A Schoolmaster of 1637 M R. Charles W. Bardeen, of Syracuse, has reprinted Charles Hoole’s “A New Discovery of the Old Art of Teaching School,” four “small treatises’’ ui ms, originally published 1659-1660, but written about 1637. We have here, then, a system of educa tion just about coeval with the beginning of Harvard college, then not much more than the ‘‘Petty School,” which is the title of one of this Caroline pedagogue’s \racts. Looking With bulging eyes at the heroic* cur riculum he prescribes, we can’t but be grateful that our “wise and pious ancestors” escaped from England and found refuge in Jamestown, Puddle Dock of Ply mouth, Trimontaine of Sliawmut, which is Boston, Manhattan Island and other coigns of vantage or dis advantage." It was, then, not their religion or their hope of bulldozing that of other people; it was not commerce, thirst for gold, desire of adventure, new Indies, new world dreams, that drove the imigrants westward. It was the frim resolve to get away from schooL We haven’t heart to begin with the poor little devil who began Latin at seven or less and "forasmuch as speaking Latine is the main end of Grammar,” and especially after a school quarter each boy “should either learn to speak in Latine or be enforced to hold his tongue” (O barbarous penalty!), and every day in the week “some Declamation, Oration, or Theme” must be pronounced, a preparation for “any solemnity or coming of Friends into the School.” Here 1637 and 1913 kiss one another. Odious friends detested pa rents and relations, accursed pompous, patronizing com mitteemen and visitors! Hard is a school boy’s lot even in this milder age. Yet see what a sixth form school boy of 1637 had to insert into his noddle, and rejoice in our hearty ycung ignoramuses. It is the “constant employment” of the sixth form: % “To read twelve verses out of the Greek Testament before breakfast; to repeat Latine and Greek Grammar Parts and Elementa Rhetorices every Thursday morn ing; to learn the Hebrew Tongue on Mondaies, T”es- daies and Wednesdaies for morning Parts; to read Hesiod, Homer Pindar and Lycophron for forenoon les sons on Mondaies and Wednesdaies; Zenophon (sic), Sophocles, Euripides and Aristophanes on Tuesdaies and Thursdaies; Lauregois’s ‘Breviarium Graecae linguae’ for afternoon parts on Mondaies and Wednes daies; Horace, Juvenal, Persius, Lucan, Seneca’s ‘Trag edies,’ Martial and Plautus for afternoon lessons on Mondaies and Wednesdaies, Lucian’s select ‘Dialogues’ and Pontani 'Progymnasmata Latinitatis’ on Tuesday afternoons, and Tullie’s ‘Orations,’ Pliniefs ‘Panegyr- icks’ on Thursday afternoons, Quintilian’s ’Declama tions.’ Goodwin’s ‘Antiquities’ at leisure times (“leis ure times” is good); their exercises for Oratory should be to make Themes, Orations and Declamations Lat ine, Greek and Hebrew, and for poetry to make- Verses upon such Themes as are appointed them every week; and to .exercise themselves in Aragrams, Epitaphs, Epiihalamais, Eclogues, A^rosticks, English, Latine, Greek and Hebrew.” In short, bring up a child in the way he should go and no damned nonsense of athletics about It Under the system of the admirable Hoole “in six (or at the most seven) years time iwhich children commonly squander away, if they be not continu 1 at the schools after they can read English and write well)” they will have enough Latin, Greek and Hebrew to fit them fpr future studies at the universities. How much Latin, Greek and Hebrew would a Hoolean sixth-former run across in a university of today? Still, we venerate and thoroughly approve the Hoolean course and recom mend it to other people’s children. Think of all those Greek and Latin old fellows in that day of crabbed ard corrupt texts. Think of boys reading the estima ble Lycophron, whose style may be compared to a Delphic oracle mixed with the speeches and writings of Mother Shipton, Paracelsus and Oliver Cromwell, and all the time tables in the world thrown in for the sake of additional clearness. How lazy the twentieth century boys are by the side of those Caroline Hoole- gans. Master Hoole, teacher of a private grammar school In Lothbury Garden, London, was not, feruliferous. For discipline give him: “A good sharp blchen rod, free from knots; (for willow wands are Insufferable and fitter for a Bedlam than a Schoole), as it will break no bones nor endanger any limbs, so it will be suffi cient wherewith to correct those that deserve it in the lower forms and for the higher Scholars that will not behave as they ought to do without blowes, a good switch about their shoulders would (in Quintilian’s judgment) seem fittter than a rod elsewhere.” A humane Hoole; more humane than some moderns; doesn’t believe in shutting children up in dark rooms or cutting off their meals. Wants little use of the rod; three clement lashes at most; but never would allow an offending boy to “go from him with a stub born look or a stomachful gesture, much less with a squealing outcry or mutttering to himself; all which (he says too confidently) 4 may be easily taken off with another srhart Jerk of two.”^ In Hoole’s time many schools began at 6 a. m., but 7 was “the constant time” in most. Colonel New- come comes to memory In the direction that every scholar present shall say “Adsum;” if absent his next* fellow is to say “Abest.” Scholars were dismissed at 11 every forenoon; in the afternoon at 5 on Monday. Wednesday, Friday; 4, Tuesday; 3, Thursday. “It were good if there were hour glasses in the Schoole.” There shall never be more than one play day a week. “The master should do well now and then to send a privie spie who may truly observe and certifie him how every scholar spendeth his time abroad." Whenever the children “go out about necessitous business" (a beau tiful phraSe of Puritan or English prudery) “be sure they say at least four words of those which they have learnt and let them always carry their Vocabulary about with them, to b e looking into it for words. , Excellent, if too much expecting Hoole o’ the Schoole! If we leave him with small regret, having never learned to love school masters, we thank him for reminding us again that boys will be boys, no mat ter how much Lycophron you serve to them; “are apt to sneak home or struggle from the rest of their fel lows;” also apt to play with vulgar “townies,” “muckers;” froward boys that “are under little or no command” “will be very subject to brabble and fight with scholars."—New Y^ork Sun. The principal ingredierft in luck is common sense. RURAL CREDITS VI.—THE GERMAN SYSTEM. Bx FREDERIC J. HA6KIN. It has oeen seen from the somewhat too brief out' line of tna rural banking system proposed by Senator Fletcher that it embrace^ Doth personal and realty money lending, the one based upon short-term cred its tfnu the other upon long-term loans, By an inter* linking system of local banks tied together in » state wide Dank, and ‘these state-wide banks In turn united in a great central rural bank situated in Washing ton, a nation-wide financial system of rural credits Is established. Jn this the author of the bill has bor rowed broadly from the experience In Germany, the home of rural credits, This fact makes It of great in terest to see how the German system works, and what it has. meant to the farmer and to the financier in the Fatiierlands. • • • When a Britisher throws bouquets at anything Ger man it may b© inferred that they ar© deserved, and so, when J. R. Cahill made his report to the British board of agriculture and fisheries in which he started out by declaring that Germany leads the world in taking care of the farmer’s financial interests, it may be assumed that he was not giving the Germans more than their due. He declared that in no modern coun try does organized effort for safeguarding and promot ing the economic interests of agriculture appear to have been so persistent and eo successful as in Ger many, more especially in providing the farmer with facilities for obtaining credit, for acquiring the ma chinery of production, and for the advantageous dis position of his products. • • • The German landowner is able to secure mortgage loans through a variety of special institutions for mortgage credits, and today there is outstanding in this direction obligations amounting to some $2,000,- 000,000. These institutions are able to take mort gages and convert them into gilt-edged securities, both in respect to their safety and to their easy conversion into ready money, and the result is that they come to stand high in the general security market. Seventeen years ago the Prussian minister of finance declared that the goal of the German financial system was to have a co-operative loan Lank in every community in the empire, and that time is now reached. There are some 17,000 such banks In operation, having a member- 1 ship of mor© than 1,600,000 farmers, with an annual business of nearly $1,600,000,000, outstanding loans ef $500,000,000, savings deposits of $500,000,000,000 and accounts current of $50,000,000. In sixteen years only nineteen of these societies have been involved in bank ruptcy proceedings, and it is th e boast that no deposi tor ever lost a mark. The number of failures among commercial banking institutions in Germany was over fifty times as great-as among the rural co-operative in stitutions during the same period. • • • At the bottom of the German co-operative credit system are the town banks, known as th© Schulze- Delitzsch banks, and the country banks, known as the 'Raiffeisen banks. The town banks are practically in dependent units, but they do band themselves together into a sort of provincial union which meets for the discussion of provincial topics and the formation of provincial policies. These provincial unions, in turn, are members of a national union, which meets once a year and discusses national banking problems. But these unions are comparable only to our own national and state banking associations, and do not figure in the business of actual banking; rather they are sim ply forums for discussing banking Ideas and banking progress. * • • The country banks are of two general types, on© which mixes other forms of co-operation with co-op erative credit, doing the several kinds of business un der one head and another which keeps Its co-operative business in banking entirely separate from co-opera tive buying, selling and producing- Each is thought to have its advantages. • • » The two forms of credit recognized ill the German co-operative banking system are the long-term, se cured by mortgage; and the short term, issued on per- nai security. The representative organisation of the former class Is the LsCndschaften, and the typical or ganization of the latter class is the Raiffeisen bank. But in addition to these there ar© many other organ izations which play in part a collateral and In part an auxiliary role. Among the mortgage credit lnstltu* tions other than the Landschaften are the state, pro vincial and local mortgage credit banks, whose main mission is to finance the breaking up of large landed proprietorships into small holdings, and to furnish the money with which the small holdings may be equipped with the necessary farm buildings. They then act a© a sort of agent for the owner of the broken-up estate, collecting principal and interest .from the small buy ers, in his behalf. As these are public institutions th© object of their existence is not profit but service. There are also a number of similar institutions, and t»*e imperial insurance funds have been. made availa ble for the use of the farmer who would improve jhisl farm. • • • The savings banks of Germany are cast along line* somewhat similar to those in the United States, al though they have to compete with the co-operative, non-profit-seeking credit institutions, and, therefore, are lorced to give as liberal terms to borrowers a* their situation will allow. They cannot give as long a credit as th e land- mortgage banks, but they do give rather a longer credit than similar Institution* in the United States. • • • The one thing that has enabled the farm mot- gage in Germany to become a gilt-edg d security, holding its own even more persistently than govern ment bonds themselves, and selling at par When gov ernment bonds a?e listed at a discount, is the fact that there is a uniform and safe system of title reg istration in Germany, a thing that cannot be done in the United States until many of the states iso their land title laws. But much progress in this di rection already has been made by the work of the com mittee on uniform laws of the American Bar associa tion, and the Fletcher bill provides for hastening th© day of uniform title registration by providing that no r rtgage loans can be made in states where title law does not measure up to tne national standard. Thaw having been ordered back to the asylum, the next thing Is to keep him ther^. (Honore Willsie in Harper’s Weekly.) The demand fpr canned food is a natural one. Canning has left the home and gone into public life quite for the same reason that bootmaking and weav ing and tile other fine old home activities have become public utilities. Canning as a nondomestic industry is another manifestation of the new economy that is making of women breadwinners instead of bread- makers. * It is still not uncommon to hear a housewife say with pride, “I put up all our vegetables and fruits. 1 never buy a can of anything!" Hers is a fine, yet mistaken enthusiasm. Even though she counts her time and labor worth nothing, a woman cannot can and preserve her vegetables and fruit, using the best of materials, and compete in price with the best of the great canneries. Moreover, you will observe that she admits the necessity of canned foods yet she fails to see that it was division of la bor that begot them and that she is failing to accept her division. She is only setting her back against the current of the times which tends to lift from her the burden of domestic hand labor and give her an opportunity for specilization, regardless of sex, that the new century demands. Canned goods are here to stay. But in enforcing the economic side of the Food and Drug act we are by no means realizing the full relation of the canning and preserving industries to our new life. Huerta, unfortunately for him, has no cotton crop to rely on. The Prussian government, in its effort to provide tho co-operative banks with facilities for marketing their securities, organized a great central bank, whiett was to serve more as an equalizer of funds in the va rious communities than as an agency for Securing ad ditional funds from the outside. This institution tried to extend its aid to the town banks, but they an nounced that they were well able to stand alone, and the result was that its activities were limited, to a large degree, to transactions with the country banks. Recently this central bank was required to go Into liquidation by the government, upon the ground that it had been engaging in some unsound financial opera tions. It had relations with a large majority ot tha rural banks of Germany, and it was feared In some quarters that its liquidation would fall as a rather heavy blow upon the rural banks. But the latest ad vices from Germany indicate that the rural banks will not suffer seriously as a result of its liquidation. • • - The failure of the Prussian central bank is looked upon in some quarters as a blow at any national rural credit system, but the friends of rural credits point out that it means only that that one bank had an un sound system, and that tuis does not in tne slightest affect the general principle of rural credits, which, they assert, finds conclusive testimony of its merit-a in the success that has attended its application in every \country to which it has extended. Summed up, Germany is the world’s model for co operative credit, and the most encouraging feature o< the success, of its system is that co-operation in credit has begotten every other form of co-operative effort among the farmers, thus giving them opportunity tq improve their methods of production and dis rin Mill a way surpassing every other country. Started by thg farmers themselves, these credit organizations hav{ been promoted by the government, and safeguarded In a way that has made their names the very synonym o( confidenoe.