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6 THE ATLANTA SEMT-WEEKLY JOURNAL. ATLANTA, GA., FRIDAY, DECEMBER 30, 1013. ricultural and successful fariung- w Andrew M.,5oule This department will cheerfully endeavor to furnish any information. Letters should be addressed to Dr. Andrew M. Soule, president State Ag ricultural College, Athens, Ga. Raising Calves On Separator Milk Extracts from four letters written by farmers in widely separated sec tions of the United States. f BREAD FROM STONES POORLAND FARM STORING SWEET POTATOES A farmer living in South Dakota writes: “M^st farmers now have .a cream sep arator. If the milk is fed 'to the calves at once after beir\g separated the tem perature of the skim milk is much more difficult. Bright, smooth-haired, thrifty, good-appearing calves on a farm are almost conclusive evidence that there is a ligind separator on the place, and that, in other ways, they arc well oared for.” ALL PLOWING For the most part the farmers are now through with the planting of win ter cereals. The recent rains have helped to soften the earth which was otherwise too hard to plow satisfactor ily, and now should the weather hold good for a few weeks, rail powing can be done to great advantage. When this subject is mentioned it generally brings on more or less argument as to the aa* viability of breaking lands to lie fal low *all winter. Of course there are ob jections to this practice, theoretically all ‘land should be broken in the early autumn and* seeded to a cover crop, practically it is imposibe to accom plish this result on many Georgia farms. If all the breaking is left until the spring of the year, several things are likely to happen. Naturally in a rainy season the farmer will get very much behind; as a resut his land is not prop erly broken or prepared for planting. The disastrous results of this practice are too fresh in the minds of the aver age farmer to need further emphasis. Secondly, the rush of work which must be accomplished in a short period of time results in a complete exhaustion of the farm labor force and a breaking d r >wn of his \*ork stock as well. Third ly. the chances are that part of the crop which has been planted early will not be cultivated and cared for during the early stages of its growth as , it should be, because of the special effort being made to break a sufficient area for planting. The objections to^fall plowing may be summed up as follows: First of all on steep land there is a natural tendency to erosion, especially where the rain fall is unusually heavy as it is in most parts of the state. As a result gulleys are cut in the field and part of the fin est and richest of the earth’s surface ia washed away into the streams and riv ers. It must not be forgotten, how ever, that- even where the l*nd is not plowed there is quite a marked tendency to wash and while the loss frdm erosion may be aggravated by fall plowing, there will be a considerable loss even though the land be allowed to remain unbroken through the winter season. Secondly, -where the land is plowed in the fall the natural tendency to the leaching out of the nitrogen compounds k is accelerated because a loose, porous soil promotes the escape iof nitrates through the drainage waters. Further more in a climate as mild as ours nitri fication goes on throughout the winter, thus the insoluble nitrogen compounds in the soil are transrferred to some ex tent from a relatively speaking insolu ble form to a soluble form. There are some distinct advantages to fall plowing, however, which proba bly offset the objections mentioned. As is well known, the soil can be broken a greater depth in the autumn with out danger of puddling the subsoil than at any other season of the year. The land has fiad several months in which to dry out to a considerable depth, and hence the soil as a rule should be broken deeply for the first time in the autumn. The advantages of deep breaking need not be emphasized to those who have had experience with the good results following thorough soil preparation. It is very important that most of our lands which have been broken shallow in the past should be deepened. To ‘this end they should be turned over to a depth of ten or twelve inches. This can be done more effec tively in the fall for the reason already cited and because of the cool weather, which will enable £he work stock to perform more labor at that season with less effort than at any other period of the year. Tlie deepening of the soil means to bring within the reach of the roots of the plant a larger variety of trie essential plant food elements, which means, of course, to stimulate a more vigorous growth of the crop next year. Moreover, a deep, porous soil holds a greater proportion of the water which falls as rain. Georgia farm lands need never suffer from dgouth if we could only gather and store an adequate pro portion of the water that now falls on (•ur lands, but which now largely runs off over the surface with such damag ing effects as are witnessed on every hand. Therefore fall plowing offers one of the most effective methods of in- reasing the water supply s o that plants may receive a normal amount of this constituent throughout the growing s/ason. A fine open soil permits the aii to circulate more freely. It thus . bathes the roots of the plants in a , layer of oxygen and promotes growth thereby. The oxygen is particularly important, since it aids fermentation in the soil, thereby transferring otherwise inert materials of the soil into forms useful to growing plants. From the reasons assigned the writer believes that fall plowing can be fol lowed to a considerable extent on prac tically all lands in Georgia with profit, the losses on the one hand being offset by the advantages on the other. Even though some plant food be lost through leaching and erosion, especially on hilly lands, the importance of planting the crop early on a thoroughly prepared seed bed will as a rule more than offset them. Where deep plowing is done in association with a well-laid-oiit system of terraces, washing need not be a serious problem. It is, of course, de sirable that fall plowed land be left in as rough a condition as possible, since the freezes of winter pulverize it most effectively, and the tendency to wash is greatly reduced. The wise farmer will make no rtiistake in breaking part of his land in the fall, provided he exer cises good judgment in the handling and management of his land. * * * STARTING A MODERN DAIRY. Mr. J. J. L., of Albany, Ga., writes: I am interested in putting In a dairy ami would like to get all thu information you can give relative to the building of proper barns, say for 25 cows, and one that can be enlarged for 50 cows later on, the best style of siilo, the best cows and how to raise them, the crops that are best suited to this soil and climate? What breeds would you suggest as best for milk and butter? Your interest in the dairy business i« to be commended and now that you have decided to take upi work of this char acter you are acting wisely in first pre paring to erect suitable barns for the, housing of your cattle in an economi cal and satisfactory manner. You will find a silo the best investment you can make on a dairy farm. You can build one large enough to care for twen ty-five cows at a cost of anout $35 •. If you have coarse gravel on your farm a part of the work can be done by our laborers and the cost pan probably be reduced quite considerably. We wouicl advise the erection of a concrete silo cr metal lathe. This, we believe, to be the cheapest and most durable type you can erect at a moderate cost. We fa vor this type over others we have ex perimented with and in the course of 20 years we have had an opportunity to erect and observe the practical value of nearly all types of silos which have eevr been used on American farms. A barn to house twenty-five cows can be erected at a cost of $2,500 to $3,000. For this amount you should secure ce~ mennt floors, and mangers, good drain age gutters, Mesirable equipment and other labor saving and sanitary de vices. The best crops to use in a silo are com and sorghum planted in alternat rows. This gives you the largest yield per acre. You can count on a yield of from five to fifteen tons per acre, de pending on the natural productiveness of your soil and the skill with which you cultivate and fertilize it. For sum mer grazing there is nothing superior to Bermuda grass in your section of the state. Japan clover is also good. In the winter hairy vetch can sometimes be shown to advantage on Berniuda. This should be planted in August in rows running across the pasture field. The burr clover seed should be scat tered thereon and It iS important that you inoculate and fertilize it to give it a good start. we should advise that you grow N as i much oats and corn as possible and j use these grains together with cotton Promising youngsters. The folh/wing interesting experience regarding skim-milk calves comes from Nebraska: “You will hear old ranchers call calves fed on separator milk ‘knot heads.’ But I have raised as handsome calves on separator milk as those that run the range and when they are wean ed they never stop growing. It takes your undivided attention to raise stock' successfully, both to a profit for your- sel and purchaser. And if any one is inclined to hug the stove on stormy days, saying-, ‘Let them hustle,* he had better find either employment. To begin with I feed my calves three times a day till they are a month old. Not all they •'an consume at once, but by feed ing oftener their stomachs do not be come deranged, causing bowel trouble, which ts a detriment to the calf. When all separator milk and eating grain and hay. “Now, if you give your calves clean pails to drink from, with water at noon with the chill taken off in cold' weather, plenty of sunlight, yard for \ exercise, a warm, comfortable place at night 4nd on stormy days, you will have a calf, when a year old, that you can take to the state fair and be reasonably sure of getting a prize at it.” A. stock raiser writes from Vermont: “Calves fed on separator milk de velop into the best dairy cattle. There is no doubt about this—for I speak from experience. If you want fine calves, try the separator-milk plan. With watchfulness as to the cleanliness and comfort of the calf, pens and systematic care in feeding you will get fine re sults.” The following relates to an incident which occurred in Mississippi:, “Calves do not seem to be able to gauge for themselves the proper amount of milk to drink. They are greedy. If healthy they do not, as a rule, stop un til there is no more in the pail. Not long ago a farmer’s wife, who has seed meal to provide the necessary con- 1 centrate required in a ration for cows, j There is no one best breed of dairy catle. Where one is selling milk we could sugest the Holstein, but where one is in the butter business either the Jersey or the Guernsey would be feund the best breeds. Some cattle of one or more standard dairy breeds can often be kept to advantage where milk is sold. The Holstein milk sometimes runs rather law in fat, while the Jer sey tends to run high in fat. * * • TREATHENT OF A SICK HOG Mr. MV-XJ. >V., Red Oak, Ga., writes: I have a hdg that has been, sick for about two weeks and it has had a high fever. About a week ago its fever went to 105% degrees The doctor says it is constipation of the bowels. The hog will not drink sk/p, but will eat bread or apples. Its bowels are clogged and will not. pass without the use of a syringe. Will you please tell me what is the trouble with my hog and a remedy ? All ready for skim-milk. they arc ten days or two weeks old T begin with a tablespoonful of cooked, corn, rye or bran in the milk. When they are four weeks old I begin to feed one-fourth separator milk and keep in creasing this till 1 have them drinking Wild Boar Fights Tigers And Eats Snakes New England Farmers Have Bred Wild Boar Into Stock Hogs to Prevent Cholera 1 The wild boar is the ancestor of the common hog. Experienced animal keepers would rather Have any other animal in the zoo get loose than the wild boar. No animal is more vicious; hunters , assert that even when the animal is run through with a spear it will endeavor to force itself along the shaft of the spear to reach the holder of it. The natives of India say that a wild boar will drink at a stream be tween two tigers; it does not know' what fear is. It will cat anything— even poisonous snakes. The farmers of New England some time ago were persuaded to breed the wild boar into their stock hogs to counteract the prevalence of cholera. Xo “scrubs” in this group. raised some fine calves, but who was trying the experiment of bringing up some calves on separator milk, told the writer that she fed her calves much more than she did the lot she raised last year, but these did not do so well and she couldn’t understand why this was. Itr so happened that these calves were fed just previous to our conversa tion, and the calves in the yard were ample evidence of their unthrifty con dition. The paunch was the part of the* calf most evidence. Each of the calves looked for all the world like a balloon ready for ascension, with one side more welled or puffed out than the ottlier. They were slowly walking around the yard with their mouths par tially open and froth hanging around their mouths. There was* no sign of thriftiness to be seen anywhere about those calves. % They were in \nisery for they had been allowed to stuff them selves. Perhaps, by the time the calves get ready to enjoy life a little bit, feed ing time would again be near. I explain ed to the woman the mistake she was making and she changed her plan of feeding with the result that the calves she has raised since that time have been as fine a,s anyone could desire.” A Man Can Hold an Alligator's Mouth Shut lAligator Closes Eyes and Nose and Eats Prey Under Water All over the country men are tearing off wood, prepared paper, tin and galvan ized roofs. Nailing on “Tightcote” S-T-E-E-L. For only “Tightcote” STEEL can be rot-proof, fire-proof and rust-proof. It had to come, for this is the Age of Steel. Cheaper, Too! Curiously enough, Steel shingles, as we sell them, direct from factory to user, are now cheaper than wood. And easier put on. Instead of nailing one at a time, these shingles go on in big clusters—100 or more at once. No extras needed. No soecial tools. No expert work men. No painting required. Yet practically no wear-cut to an Edwards Steel Roof.. How Rust Was Done Away W.iih Ordinary metal roofing rnsta. This doesn’t. For wo invented a method which, applied to Open Hearth Steel, absolutely prevents rust from get ting started. Called The “Edwards Tight cote Process.” It, does the work like magic, as 125,000 users are glad to testify. Frlutl'irrJe’ fSffop Wo not only sell direct, but pay CUWdrUb VllCI the freight. No such roofing bar- rain -?ver offered before. Just send Postal for Roof Book Wo.12363 Then sea if yon ever before saw such prices and such quality. Please give size of root, if you can. THE EDWARDS MFG. COMPANY 12353 Look St. CINCINNATI, OHIO T If you have had a competent veterin arian in charge of your sick hog and be has been unable to prescribe for him successfully it is not likely that you can hope to secure much assistance by mail. The man who is on the ground and able to diagnose the case at rrst hand should certainly be able to serve you tc better advantage than one who must of necessity generalize because of the meagerness of the information pro vided in your letter and lacK of famili arity with thf feed being used and ihe conditions surrounding the sick animal. It may be that you have confined this hog in a small pen and that you are feeding corn alone. If so, turn him out where he may have the freedom of a pasture and an abundance of pure wa ter and be provided with a varied diet. Feed some digester tankage with the corn, say five to nine pounds of corn. If you are in position to feed some skim milk with the corn It will take the place of digester tankage. Wholesome slops are valuable. They should, how ever-, not contain broken glass or be po- luted with some of the lye soaps or seme of the other cleansing materials now *so largely used in our kitchens. Green feed will help to overcome the difficulty described in your letter and I regulate the bowels. The fact that the ; hog prefers certain kinds of food would | indicate that he is suffering from its I being withheld. Animals are requently ' wiser in their generation than we are jcurselves. A handful of Epsom salts I given in the slop for several days will I tend to correct the difficulty in ques tion. Tonic treatment and a change of food should affect a cure unless the trouble has now become of a chronic character or is due to some organic de rangement. If you have other animals it is important that you keep the sick ones carefully isolated. * * * SEEDING ALFALFA IN SOUTH GEORGIA. Mf. T. A. S., Sylvester, Ga., writes: I want to plant one and a half acres in al falfa and would be glad for you to write me how to plant It and right time to plant. This is description of my land: I would like to know what you think about it. It is a low flat place. I am having it ditched and all stumps taken off. Am digging a ditch around so It will allow all the rain water to run off. Th e soil Is rich for all the washing of the field Is on this one and a half acres and the made soil is some thing like five or six inches thick. As soon as stumps are removed I aui going to plow it with a two-horse plow and drain It. When is the best time to plant? FIVE MEN DIE IN FIRE IN SALVATION ARMY HOME CINCINNATI, Dec. 18.—Two men are known to have perished In a fire—de clared to have been of incendiary ori gin—-that destroyed the Salvation Army’s home for men last night. Oth ers are reported missing. Until the building is thoroughly searched the ex act life loss cannot be \ determined. ^ Of the several persons injured While fleeing from the flames eight are said tc be in a serious condition. The fire loss will be about $100,000. The manager of the home, ,Arthur Sandell, of Bangor, Maine, is one of the known dead. The blaze was discovered by Wallio Mayer, a member of the Chicago Ameri can league baseball club and formerly star catcher of the Birmingham South ern league club, who risked his life in saving eight children in a smoke-filled tenement house next door, to which the flames had communicated. Alfalfa will give its best results on a well drained soil. Any area of land which is naturq$y rich and has a good Although a warm-blooded reptile, the alligator is perfectly at home in w r ater. By means of muscles which close the eyes, ears, nose and throat, it can dive and capture and eat its prey be neath the surface. The alligator propels itself in the water by means of its powerful tail. The muscles which control its enor mous mouth, strong enough to crush a dog or bite a plank in two, are practi cally all used to close it, so, that a man can easily hold the jaws closed merely by the pressure of his hands. The alligator is the American repre sentative of the African crocodile fam ily. The American reptile has shorter legs, which makes it less active when out of the water. CHARGED WITH VIOLATING QUARANTINE ON CATTLE (Special Dispatch to The Journal.) ROME, Ga v Dec. 18.—W. L. Bowen, of Walker county, and W. H. Clarkston, of Chattooga county, were arraigned be fore United States Commissioner John C. Printup charged with violation of the cattle quarantine law. Bowen was plaoed under $200 bond for his appear ance at the next term of federal court. Clarkston was discharged. The men, it is alleged, brought cattle from Alabama into Georgia without first having “dipped” them to prevent the spread of the cattle tick. The case was prosecuted by W. K. Lewis, of Atlanta, an agent of the bureau of animal hus bandry of the United States department ot agriculture. BY CYRIL c. KOPXXNS, Chief in Agronomy and Chemistry, Uni- vorsiy of Illinois. In November, 1903, 1 purchased a Sfarm in southern Illinois at a cost of less than $20 an acre. It comprised about 300 acres of poor gray prairie land (the * commonest type of soil in about twenty counties in that part of the state) and a few acres of timber land- It was christened “Poorland Farm” by others who knew of its im poverished condition, and I finally* adopted this as the farm name. In 1913 a forty-acre field of this farm produced 1,320 bushels of wheat, and because of numerous requests for infor mation regarding the treatment that has been given the land, this is writ ten. This particular forty acres was bought at $15 an acre. It had been ag riculturally abandoned for five years prior to 1903, and was covered with a scant growth of red sorrel, poverty grass and weeds. During the ten years, this field has been cropped with a six-year rotation including one year each of corn, oats (or cowpeas), and wheat, and three years of meadow and pasture with clo ver and timothy. A fairly good stand of volunteer clo ver appeared with the oats in 1911 and this was allowed to produce a crop of glover hay in 1912, wheat being seeded in the fall of that year -for the 1913 crop mentioned above. During the ten years about four tons per acre of ground limestone and tw r o tons per acre of fine-ground raw rock phosphate have fteen applied to thirty- /Seven acres of this^field. Two applica tions have ueen made of each material; the phosphate was plowed down for the corn 'crops of 1904 and 1910, and the limestone was applied in the fall and winter of 1904-’05 and after the ground was plowed for wheat in the fall of 1912. r The entire lorty-acre field was cov ered with one uniform application of six loads per acre of farm manure with a fifty-bushel spreader. A six-rod strip entirely across j the field* (80 rods) received the same ap plication of manure and the same rota tion Of crops as the remaining 37 acres, but no phosphate was applied to this strip, and no limestone was applied to it until the fall of 1912. when the reg ular application (about two tons per acre) \was applied to one-half (three rods), of the six-rod strip. Only thirty-nine acres of this field were seeded to wheat in the fall of 1912, a lane having been fenced off on one* side; and the 1,320 bushels were produced on the thirty-nine acres. The actual yields were as follows: One and one-half acres with farm manure alone produced 11 1-2 bushels per acre. V One and one-half acres with farm ma nure and the one application of ground limestone produced fifteen bushels per acre. Thirty-six . acres with farm .manure and two applications of ground lime stone and two of fine-ground phosphate produced 35 1-2 bushels per acre. The cost of two tons of limestone delivered at my railroad station is $2.25, and raw rock phosphate has aver aged about $6.75 per ton. making $9 per acre the cost for each six years. To this must be added the expense of hauling these materials two miles from the station t and spreading them on the land, which I estimate at 50 cents per ton. This makes the average annual cost $1.75 per acre for the 15me- st6ne and phosphate spread on the field, and this average annual investment re sulted in the increase of twenty-four bushels of wheat per acre in 1913. Thus-we may say that the previous applications of these two natural stones brought about the production in 1913 of 864 bushels of wheat, sufficient to furnish a year’s supply of bread for more than a hundred people. No high- priced or artificial commercial fertiliz ers are used on this farm. As a rule the check strips across each of the six forty-acre fields iri the rota tion are not harvested separately from the rest of the fields. The limestone and phosphate have produced even more marked differences in clover than in wheat; and where the . first application of limestone was made to the three- rod check strip, as well as to the thir ty-seven acres receiving rock phosphate, the superiority of the phosphate and the limestone together over the lime stone alone has been exceedingly mark ed on both clover and wheat; and, of course, the wheat and other grain crops are benefited not only by the limestone and phosphate but also by the previous increased growth of clover on the well- treated land, especially where this is pastured or plowed under. Poorland Farm is in no sense an ex periment station, and neither is it a “show” farm. It is operated Solely from the economic standpoint, and with the fuli understanding from the beginning that general farming is not a highly profitable business and that it is highly unprofitable on poor land. On the other hand it is equally well known that intelligent permanent soil improve ment on land that must be or will fc/e farmed is both the safest and the most profitable investment open to the farmer and land owner. But both the diffi culties and the methods of building up run-clown soil have been repeatedly dis cussed by the writer, in public addresses and in published articles, bulletins and books, and there is no necessity of re peating them here. Foorland Farm is usually inspected each year by my class of university students in soil fertility, about 100 of whom saw the fields of wheat and closer in Jirne, 1913. It is for the benefit of such as these, who desire to know* the truth regard ing economic systems of permanent soil improvement, that this brief statement is issued. The farm is a purely private enterprise operated by Hopkins Broth ers. and, while interested visitors are welcome, they are not invited, not met at the train with automobiles, and are not entertained,. There is no desire to advertise this farm, but, on the other hand, any light it sheds need not be hidden. If sweet potatoes are kept until Feb ruary and March they will bring a much better price than in November or De cember. The uncertainty of being able tc- keep the sweet potatoes during the winter reduces the area planted. But sweet potatoes can be preserved quite satisfactorily if close attention 1s given u i m & FARM LIFE COMMISSION TO WAGE WEEVIL WAR Experts Meet at Capitol and Form New Body to Better Farming Conditions Rural life, farm credits, boll weevils, diversified crops, co-operation between farmers and men of commerce—these were the subjects of a conference .it the state capitol Tuesday, which result ed in the organization of the Georgia farm life eommision. The conference was attended by representatives of fh< ! state chamber of commerce, state ag ; ricutural colleges and representatives j of the farmers. Those present were Agricultural Com missioner J. D. Price, Dr. Andrew M. Soule, Prof. E. C. Branson, J. Phil Campbell, Marlin Calvin, C. D. McKin ney and E. Lee Worsham. Charles S. Barrett, of the Farmers’ union^ was un avoidably absent. After discussing ways and means for making happier rural life in Geor gia and agreeing upon the organization of a farm life commission, the confer ence resolved itself into a board of strategy to combat the advance march of the boll weevil, which is headed to ward Georgia. It was decided to devote the month of January to an educational campaign among the farmers of the state, with a view to advising them as to tht best method to check the pesky weevil. The state will be placarded with warn ings of the eenmy’s approach, and in stitutes will be held in every county to Instruct the farmers concerning scien tific means for stamping out the in sect. The state chamber of commerce will co-operate heartily in this move ment. The conference agreed also to urge upon the farmers the advantages of diversified crops, and representatives of the state chamber of commerce pledged themselves to aid a movement to fa cilitate and make it easier for the farm ers to market their crops and finance themselves. The state chamber, as an organization devoted primarily to the industrial and commercial development of Georgia, recognizes that the pros perity of the state rests in large part upon the prosperity of the farmers, that the farm is the source of all wealth in Georgia, and that if the chamber of commerce is to succeed in its un dertaking, every facility and encour agement must be afforded for the suc cess of the farmers. to the subject. Those who are provide-*, with suitable quarters for storage pur poses and give attention to the details of digging and drying the tubers are well paid for their extra work. The sweet potato has a thin skin which is easily, bruised. Bruised po tatoes are very susceptible to decay. When the potatoes cannot be subjected to artificial heat to dry they should be thoroughly dried in the sun. The tem perature at which they seem to keep best is between 50 and 65 degrees F. In some localities the common meth od of storage is to place the sweet po tatoes in a cone-shaped pile containing from 1,000 to 2,000 pounds. The pile is then covered with *a layer of dry, fine hay or straw, followed by a layer *of corn stalks, and on top of all this two or three inches of sand or dirt is placed. Others make piles like an oblong pyra mid three feet high and four by ten feet at the J>ase. This is covered over by a frame properly built for the pur pose, two or three incses of earth being placed over the frame. Stratifying the sweet potatoes in sand has also given satisfactory results. pfejv, * 1 ■ ft; ■ depth will suit this crop. Alfalfa is a tap-rooted plant, the roots striking into the soil for several feet where the con ditions are favorable. Therefore the sub-soil should not be so compact as to prevent atrophy of the lower roots. Al falfa likes plenty of moisture but its roots must not be kept permanently wet. Therefore, you should be sure that your soil drains well to a depth of about thirty-six inches. Removing the surface water is an essential policy. You should also take the stumps out and plow the soil thoroughly. Now is a good time to do the work. A two-horse plow should be used. Leave the land in a rough condition and in the spring seed It to cowpeas. Turn these under in late August, then apply at least r ne ton of puverized lime rock. Test your land for acidity with litmus paper, and if it is strongly aelu use tWv, tons. Harrow the lime into the soil. Two weeks later plant your alfalfa. In your section October 1 wou?5 be a good time to sow. Cross seed, using twenty to twenty-five pounds of the best seed you can find and see that it is properly in oculated with an artificial culture which you can secure free of cost from the bureau of plant industry, United States department of agriculture, Washington, D. C. Apply at the time of seeding a fertilizer containing 2 per cent of nitro gen, 10 per cent of phosphoric* acid and 6 to 7 per cent of potash. A minimum application would be 500 pounds. Seed ing alfalfa in the spring will result in failure in many instances on account of crab grass choking it out before it be comes well established. * * * SWEET POTATOES AS A MONEY CROP. Mr. J. W., of Thomson. Ga writes: What do you think of the ix>ssibilities of a sweet potato crop for a money crop next year? It has never been tried to any large ex tent In tbisL section. Is there a ready mar ket for sweet potatoes? What kind of preparation and fertllzer would be necessarv for a sandy land such I have for use? Could Irish potatoes be vgrown as profitably in this section as sweet potatoes? There should be very good money in planting sweet potatoes as a money crop where one secures a reasonable yield. The crop, as you know, is not difficult to plant, is comparatively easy to cultivate and does well in the average season on favorable soils. That is, those that contain a fair amount of sand and have vegetable matter sup- plieod in moderate amount, say the pre vious year. This crop 1 of course re quires liberal lertilization. We would advise the use of 150 pounds of high grade sulphate or muriate of potash, 250 pounds of acid phosphate and 350 pounds of nitrate of soda is very suitable for this crop. Where nitrate of soda is used only a part of should be mixed with the above formula at the time of planting. We think you would secure equally good results from the other carriers of nitrate mentioned which you can incorporate with the soil at the time of planting the crop. If tlie soil is in a fair state of cultivation and well fertilized one should raise 200 bushels of sweet potatoes per acre. The average for the United States is only 100 bushels but under favorable management 500 bushels have been grown per acre. The market for sweet potatoes varies somewhat and one should either get them out as early as possible or late in the >eason, which requires their storing and the "prob ability of erecting a suitable house for this purpose. A potato storage house need not be an expensive structure, however, to answer every requirement at the present time. Sweet "potatoes can be grown to advantage and this is being practiced with success in some sections of the state. We think the Irish potato as an earl3* crop can be grown to advantage in your section. They should be planted in January or February if seasonal con ditions are at all favorable. You should secure about the same yield from Irish potatoes as from sweet potatoes. The Irish> potato loves a loamier, richer soil than the sweet potato and should be fertilized more liberally. The formu la suggested will answer very well for this crop hut from 700 to 1,000 pounds of fertilizer should be used per acre. It will be a great pleasure to us to have you attend our short courses. 1 believh you will enjoy the work and secure information which you will find very helpful in the operation of your farm. >. FARM SETTLEMENT Qn34QOctcresin5.W.Georqia 'Selectedand approved bYAgr. Dept. CENTRAL°- r GE0RGIA RY The Central of Georgia Ry. has con tracted with the owner of the best available tract along its lines to sub divide and sell at reasonable prices on terms of one-third cash, balance in 3 years at 6%. Most of the farms have half or more cleared land. Farms sold only to white farmers in Farms of 25 to 200 Acres) f At $15 to $35 Per Acre.j If you want a Southern farm home, this is your opportunity. Write today for descriptive pamphlet, and book ‘ Ala bama and Georgia, the Home-Seekers* I Opportunity That Was Overlooked.” J. F. JACKSON, Agricultural Agt. Central of Ga, Ry. [277 Vi. Broad St. Savannah, Ga. MITCHEL WANTS A CHIEF WHO WON’T BE KNOCKED Mayor-Elect Asks All Sides to Get Together on Successor to Waldo NEW YORK, Dec. 18.—Leader! of po litical organizations that participated in the fusion municipal campaign have been asked by Mayor-elect John Purroy Mtchel to attend a conference next week to discuss the appointment "'of a suc cessor to Rhinelander Waldo, police commisioner. This course was adopted by Mr. Mitchel, it is said, because of the re fusal of his close friends and advisers to suggest the name of a man Vor police commissioner, although indorsements for other places have been numerous. . Neither the Republican nor Progres sive leaders will submit a candidate, al though both are reported to be willing tc do so if legislation giving tlie police commissioner a longer term and in creased power is passed. Mr. Mitchel is said to be willing- to make a fight for both of these things after his inauguration on January 1, if it is necessary to get a man for the place who shall be unembarrassed by hostile criticism from any source during the early part of the new administra tion. KORES-MUELLER WaTvted Farmer or Farmers! with rig in every County to intro- «Soiv£ duce and sell Family and Veteri nary Remedies, Extracts and Spices. Fine pay. One maa made $90 one week. We mean busi« r.ess and want a man in your County. Write us. Shores-Moeller Co.,Dept.3S> Cedar Rapids,Iowa 6t Pair 9/Pillow We again make our unparalleled oKerof free pil l lows with your order enclosing $1)0 for our ia-\ moua 36-lb. feather bed. All made of new sanitary feathers; bcsA licking and equipped with jjpoitary ven tilators. Frei wt prepaid. Delivery guarfi** e *d- 5ion- ey back ( flat satisfied. Agents makll't money. Turner & iCornwe’! Dept. B, afcraphls. \ Tenn., or Pept. u., I cushlotteW- <’■ Queer Tales From Animal Kingdom y. The elephant has three sets of teeth, four in each jaw, but only eight of the teeth are in action at one time. The other two sets are reserved, only com ing into use when the first ones are worn out. The elephant’s trunk, it is asserted by some scientists, is the most wonder ful organ in all nature. Cuvier estimat ed that it contained 40,00fr muscles; and so great is its mechanism that it can pick up almost anything from a tooth pick to a good-sized log. The elephant is the largest of all ex tant land animals, and is said to be sec ond only to the dog in intelligence; but the dog comes from a thousand genera tions of domesticated stock. So the elephant deserves a great deal of credit for quickness in surpassing almost any other animal. The ivory of the ele phant’s tusks is the most resilient sub stance known. An ivory ball will re bound higher than a solid rubber one; that is why the best billiard balls are made of this substance, and to obtain it the elephant is ruthlessly hunted and slain. Low Fares! Homeseekers tickets are sold at grftatly reduced fares onthe 1 stand 3rdTuesdays of each month; stopovers free and 25 days time, via Cotton Belt Route,—to Arkansas and Texas Winter tourist tickets (round trip) from southeast points to many points in Texas, Louisiana and New Mexico, will be on sale daily Nov. 1st, 1913 to April 30, 1914; with exceedingly long return limit of June 1st, 1914. Stopovers. All year tourist tickets on sale daily to certain points in Texas —90 day limit. The Cotton Belt Route te the direct line from Memphis toTexas, through Arkansas—two splendid trains daily, with electric lighted equipment of through sleepers, parlorcars and dining cars. Trains from all parts of Southeast make direct connection at Memphis with Cotton Belt Route trains to the Southwest. For full Information sbout Boms- seekers Fares, Winter Tourist Fsres or All Year Tourist Tickets, address the undersigned. Books about farm ing in Southwest, sent free. Write! L. P. SMITH, Traveling Pati’r Agent, Brown-Marx Bldg. Birmingham, Ala. 3S. AJ EXAS $9-50 Clirisfmas Offer Our Annual Christmas Combination FEATHER BED, FEATHER PILLOWS. PAIR OF BLANKETS AND BOLSTER Greatest bargain ever offered. Feather Bel weighs 40 ibs.. covered in S oz. A. C. A. ticking: pair of. G lb. pillows, same grade; Pair full «lze blankets and large, 6 lb. bolster. This combi nation would cost you at a retail store $17.50. AN IDEAL CHRISTMAS GIFT $10.00—2 Feather Mattresses. 1 Ticking—$10.00 Built for winter and summer use. One aide a succession of soft, springy sections, snug and warm. Other side, firm, smooth and oool, for summer use. ^Weighs 35 lbs. Guaranteed for a lifetime. Something new. $3.35 36 LB. FEATHER BED—j—$6.35 No excuse for not having a new, comfortable ft»atl*er bed. now. AH feather beds, mattresses pillows made from new, clean, odorless and dustless feathers. Mattresses, beds and pillow* ventilated and sanitary. All goods guaranteed You must be satisfied or money back. Cash most come with orders. Good territory for Hto agent*. Catalog free. Write today for your* bed. Refer, ence: Broadway National Bank. PURITY BEDDING CO.. Box 244.C, Nashville Tenn. \ Tho “King of Birds,” owes much of Its majestic, fearless mien to its un blinking eyes. To enable the eagle to concentrate its vision from aloft with out interruption nature has provided its eyes with a second, transparent lid; though this lid may be moving frequent ly, it is not apparent to one looking at the bird. The eagle’s eyes are shaded by heavy brows to enable it to concen trate its gaze upon its prey many feet below it. FEATHER BED BARGAINS Send ua $10.00 and wo will abipyon one first-claaanaw 40-pound Feather Bed. one pair 6-pound new Featbar Pillows ($2.50), one pair full eize Blankets ($3.00), Oi»« dandy Comfort, full size ($3.00), all for only$10.00. All new goods and no trash. Biggest Bargain ever offered. Satisfaction guaranteed. This offer id good for a short time only to advertise our goods. Mall money order now or write for Circular nnd order blanks. SOUTHERN FEATHER & PILLOW CO. Dspi. 1234 Qreeneboro, N. C. GOOD COTTOtf SEED We have a record of 65 bales on 45 acres this season. Fine lot of pure, clean seeds to sell. $1.00 the bushel. Buy now nnd get something good. 1,250 pounds will more than make a 500 pound bale. Fort Valley Fruit Farm, Fort Valiev, Ga. You will be onrprised how fl easy it ia to net this fancy, I pRiboased watch and atone set B lirnf given for selling 20 jew- I elrjr articles at 10 cents each. I Write to-day for the jewelry. I tata WatchCe. Oop't20, Chiesisl