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AGRICULTURAL EDUCATION
BY DR. ANDREW M. SOULE
OUR DUTY TO EDUCATION
In spite of the war and all the
losses, both economical and human,
which it has caused, and in spite of
. the confusion which has come > oui
" trade and industries, we appear to
be living in the most prosperous age
in the history of our country. Prices
are exceedingly high, but wages in
most es the arts and industries have
kept pace with this increase. There
seems to be a veritable flood of mon
ey in the country. There has been
a keen demand for most of our prod
ucts. Large profits seem to have
been made by all classes of our citi
zens. We are riding on the crest of
a great wave of prosperity. Just
now there is grave danger-that we
.jmay forget or overlook many things
"|of a fundamental nature. We have
yet to face the period of reconstruc
tion with all of its grave dangers and
pitfalls. In this hour of national
triumph we must not forget that the
things which have enabled us to
achieve success have rested in the
past- on the quiet, orderly. God-fear
ing.. law-abiding, self-respecting na
ture of our people. We must not
forget that the triumphs we have
achieved rest primarily on the edu
cation which we have extended to
the mass of our people; that, but for
our ability to use machinery success
fully and to understand how to deal
with nature so as to increase rhe
yields of our crops and multiply the
fruitfulness of our animals. we
would not have been able to make an
adequate response to the needs o’
our own nation and the world for
supplies of meat and bread.
Now that the struggle is over, in
the eyes of many we may lose sight
of some of our ideals and some of
' our firmly-rooted beliefs unlests we
take a hold upon the situation with
fervor' and determination. There irf
danger that what we may have ac
’ complished may look too easy and
appear so simple that we may lose
sight of our high regard for educa
tion. It is a time for us to take a
fresh grip on ourselves, to c.herish
and hold fast to all our national
ideals, to understand and grasp the
bigness of the duty and the privilege
and opportunity which is ours, to
thfow out a sheet anchor to the wind
ward and hold the ship .of destiny on
a true course, and to know and un
derstand that economy, self-sacrifice,
fortitude. industry and integrity
, ware never more essential to the wel
♦ fare and success of our nation than
at present. Above all, we must un
derstand, appreciate and cling to the
knowledge that education has brought
us to our present forward position
and that it is to be the beacon light
set on a hill to guide us onward
and upward to the rewards and
achievements which lie ahead for
those who know and understand the
truth and will not be swerved there
from by any combination of circum
stances.
Our progress here in Georgia has.
therefore, not been accidental. Our
increased yields and the diversifica
tion of our crops have been brought
about by much earnest and patient
effort on the part of a.ll progressive
citizens aided by such service as in
stitutions such as this could offer
through its trained leaders to the
people of the state. The boll weevil
invasion has done less damage in
Veorgia than in any other state. Was
this an accident? No. The results
witnessed rested primarily on the
fact that the college through a
twelve-year period has worked
through every agency at its com
mand to teach diversification in the
—production of both plants and an
imals and to encourage the intro
duction and cultivation of new crops.
As a result, in the section where
the weevil damage Jias beeh great
est there is as much real prosper
ity as in any other section of the
state. This has come about through
the multiplying of our herds of hogs
and the raising of these animals on
grazing crops, thereby enabling
Georgia to raise pork as cheaply as
any state in the union. In addition,
we are cultivating great areas in
peanuts and velvet beans. The for
■'nier crop yields an oil the equal.
not the superior, of cotton seed
■ dll and a concentrate of wonderful
lvalue as a food for both man and
",
..... In a decade we have almost doub-
JJed the number of our hogs and as
"'’a result packing plants have been
■ and Georgia has become
L CRIMSON
The Wonderful Soil Improv-
W an£ l Fertilizing Crop "J) g
- AN EXCELLENT WISTEB AND ' e~r
I SPRING GRA3ING C3GP— BEST —V ,?-£2Z
of eabey greet? peed <L
AND A GOOD HAY CROP. / •
F 1 CRIMSON CDOVE3 can be sown *—
tTom lhe first of Ju >y t 0 early in Oc-
S&u ' >• tober. It is particularly valuable as a
,>■/’*'; soil improver for corn and cotton, sow- ,
z/gjr* A lne jt at the last working, turning it
z under the following May. and growing WESHglaat?
W 'rWP / increased crops each succeeding year.
CRIMSON CIiOVER, when turned jfSlfosi
wEMfr-Awa under, is worth easily S2O to S3O an
V, JiMr_ -1W"' '■* acre in the increased productiveness . -L.'- ■' ■■
C and improved condition of the soil.
X BZ SURE TO BUT
WOOD’S SEEDS
■ Our stocks are carefully selected and
49'&4ozr!"x tested for germination and free from
'''«y impurities and objectionable weeds. '
vB-j®. POTATOES for Fall Crop
5 W.X ‘ AW/ yiLZ , Potato growers are getting wonder-
ZuFTiH’’ ful P rices J us t now. Plant a liberal /X-Z W®IE>V.
W acreage in June and July. Potatoes •Z'WffiKWy
m-. • nifty ® ell hl & h again next winter. '
Wood’s Cold Storage Potatoes i
( are choice, selected stock, in flrst-class
condition for late planting. Early or- ®oss®6r -Vie '■> *
C* ders for July shipment are advisable. &j>
Write for "Wood'a Crop Special”
ntaW*' is. Jv*"’.. x Kjving timely information and prices "sF
■ of seasonable seeds. Mailed free. (115) •
T. W. WOOD & SONS.. Jfe
\\ SEEDSMEN, Richmond, va. ——Tz*’
num engine fOG SAW
STRICTLY A ONE-MAN OUTFIT
QIMPLE, strong, dependable. A fast fuel maker and hard work saver, j
Cuts any size logs into any lengths. Easy to move, by one man. from log to log. and from
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Savzs Cords @ Day
Bas two sets of spindles on combination axle-side I prying, backing or twisting to set from cut to cut
•pindies for straight ahead moving on the road; and I Direct gear to drive saw —no chains to tighten no
end Bpindles for moving sidewise along she log from I keys andno set screws. Automatic friction clutch
cut to cut. No stopping the engine and ro lifting. protects saw, allowing slippage under any pinch
ifLij ic—i ♦■Cycle Frost Proof engine. Oscillator Magneto igni-
>.- tion. When not sawing, demount saw
' ’ —->C ■» Z equipment, by pulling one pin and use en-
* I /r ne or a! * k> n a 3 of cthur work
/l Tree Cutting Equipment
{J ,r ’ll Full Information FREE
\ J 11 Wnteus, now, for full information on this
\ >v_ z Y FullV X 'x ' Intff' log saw, and on our fast cutting equipment
r/JWz for sawing down trees. Low price®, now
Guaranteed. on botb outfits.
pri'ce<i Prompt Shipment OTTAWA MFG. CO t Ottawa, Kanaaa |
MlWi
BUY DIRECT FROM FACTORY—Saves2stos6s. You Can Do It ’
Any nusgy you select from our catalog will De snipped OiKtCI _
TO YOU upon payment of $lO. We allow a 60 days driving trial a£FA.
nj,* y nefore considering the buggy sold, mid
guarantee for all time against defects Our
buggies are LIGHT i/\ »j®a
’<l/X STRONG ana EASY j.GS&'w'iS.
//A R UNN I N G—the ._ Wa r->». J
\ FINISH BEAUTI- xVT
FUL. They arc ! t
* — BEST for the S
Y/raVyl Vx7>/ l\Of \ X SOUTH an,i Prefer I
j y&f I\z red by experience! v/ky*/! \\z xV l*\zz I \ I
**• buggy . ers. \Jz \z B
Write tor catalog and FACTORY prices.
B. W. MIDDLEBROOKS BUGGY CO., 56 Main Street. BARNESVILLE. GA I
famous as a hog producing state.
The value of our hogs has increas
• >'il in the same time from $5,429,-
016.00 to $53,252,000.00. or by 960
net- cent. Is this also an accident?
No. It represents the rewards which
have come through skillful leader
ship, whereby purebred animals have
been introduced and scattered
throughout the length and breadth
of the state, whereby thousands of
boys have been taught to raise hogs
economically, and whereby the hith
erto all-cotton farmer has been led
to understand and appreciate that
there are other crops than cot
ton which he may profitably culti
vate.
Including our animal products, it
is undoubtedly true that our cot
ton crop, even in this year of the
highest prices which have been wit
nessed for half a century. still
represents less than half of the new
wealth we produced last year. A few
years since this was not true, show
ing the internal revolution which
has taken place in our agriculture
ami which it is safe to say has been
brought about largely through the
efforts of this institution.
If hog cholera serum had not been
discovered, manufactured and dis
tributed in Georgia at cost, and if
our people had not been taught how
to use it so as to check the ravages
of this disease, it is hardly likely
that our hog industry would have at
tained any such proportions as it now
represents. But before the efforts to
teach diversification through the
agency of corn, canning and pig clubs
it is doubtful if “King Cotton,” would
have had been dethroned in the sec
ond cotton growing state of the Un
ion. Thus, we see that leadership is
after all the essential factor in out
welfare and advancement. It will be
more important in the future than
ever before because those who are ac
quainted with the fundamental facts
understand and realize that we are
still just in the shallows of the ocean
of knowledge and that science is to
play a more important part than ever
in the future peace and prosperity of
the human race.
The colleges of agriculture and
mechanic arts were founded to es
tablish and to advance instruction
and research in all the branches re
lating to their highly specilized field.
It will ever be the privilege of these
institutions, if they are true to their
best ideals, to lead the vanguard of
the fight which science must ever
wage against nature in order that the
essential facts on which progress is
based may be discovered and made
practical and so capable of utiliza
tion with sufficient rapidity to uni
formly promote the progress of man
kind.
In this connection permit me to
say that in one sense we have beaten
Germany. From some points of view
she is humbled in the dust. On the
other hand, she does not feel that she
is beaten. She still retails within her
borders many valuable scientific se
crets. She still has unimpaired her
institutions of learninf and many of
the savants through the agency of
whose creative minds she was able
to bring a great part of the world un
der tribute. For the moment we have
asserted our leadership. The great
question is, shall we keep it?
Unless we are prepared to endow
education as never before in our his
tory, unless we are prepared to pro
vide ourselves with an ever-increas
ing army of trained experts, we will
lose that which we have spent so
much blood and treasure to attain.
The future of our country, therefore,
hangs in the balance. In the next
twenty-five years we will determine
the position she is to occupy in the
world, and will not be brought about
by simply beating our swords into
plowshares, b.ut through the general
education of the masses of our peo
ple, through the liberal maintenance
of institutions of higher learning,
and through the support and encour
agement of research on a scale such
as has never been undertaken be
fore.
I take it that every true citizen of
the United States feels that there has
been given into our charge an in
ternational trust 'and a duty and re
sponsibility surpassing that which
has ever previously been placed in
the charge of any other nation. If
this be true, it is absolutely neces
sary that we retain the dominant
leadership in arts, agriculture and in
dustries which has recently come into
our hands. In the language of the
immortals who died for liberty, we
THE ATLANTA SEMI-WEEKLY JOURNAL, ATLANTA, GA.FRIDAY, JULY 1. WlO
must ever be ready to “carry on." to
•'go over the top." and to "do our >jt”
for education. We had 240.000 es our
soldiers crushed ami maimed by war
and buried 70,000 of the men who
wore the khaki in the hills and for
ests of France for idealism, liberty,
democracy, and for civilization. is
it not worth while, therefore, to
I spend a tithe of what the war cost
ins- for sustaining and endowing ed
i iteation on such a scale that through
■the creative genius of our race we
'may prevent the recurrence of such
I a debacle, as those of this day and
: generation have witnessed?
Managing an Alfalfa Acreage
,1. W. A.. Enstanollee. On., writes:
I have lliree-fourtlis of an acre of bluett
loam bottom land which I seeded io al
falfa in April of this year. It was in
cane and peas last year, which I ent
and turned under last fall: this spring
it was turned under and cut witli a liar
row several times. I used 400 pounds
of commercial fertilizer and seven
loads of manure and 1.000 pounds of
I lime. The alfalfa is now six inches
high, is blooming and is real yellow.
Please let me know what it needs.
Judging from witat you say in your
letter, your alfalfa was not properly
inoculated at the time you seeded it.
. If you did not inoculate it, you could
i hardly expect to maintain a success
ful stand on the area of land in
I question. You cannot inoculate the
(alfalfa satisfactorily after it has
I been seeded. Os course, one can make
an effort in this direction, and the
1 most practicable, thing for you to
undertake to do at this time would
be to secure earth from some field
w here his crop has been produced
. successfully in the past. Scatter it
I over the surface of the ground and
harrow it in. Two or three hundred
pounds of this earth should be ap
plied per aere. You should secure
the soil from a healthy alfalfa field
so as to avoid the danger of bring
ing undesirable diseases to your
land.
You may, of course, not have cut
this alfalfa at the right time. One
should not be guided by the bloom
"ing period, but should watch the
crowns of the plant and when fresh,
young shoots appear the alfalfa
should be cut. The cutting should be
done when the shoots are compara
tively . small.
The only thing we can suggest for
you to do now would be to apply a
ton or two of crushed lime rock to
your land. The finely-ground, raw
rock should be used for this purpose.
Scatter it over the surface of the
ground and harrow it in. A little
later in the season, if the methods
of management suggested prove
helpful, apply 300 to 500 pounds of
acid phosphate, say after two or
three cuttings have been harvested.
Harrow this well into the soil.
Fertilizing Hillside or Rolling Land
W. A. S.. Owensboro. Ky., writes: .
About how much fertilizer should be'
used on an acre of hillside or rolling
land? When land is not terraced, does
not a good deal of the fertilizer wash
away?
The amount of fertilizer used on
hilly or rolling land in Georgia va
; ries materially with the crop and
• to some extent with the nature of
the land. As a rule, probably 200
i pounds of fertilizer are applied per
acre. This mixture will probably
I contain 2 per cent nitrogen, 8 per
cent phosphoric acid and in pre-war
' times 2 per cent of potash. Some
farmers will use, of course, 300
pounds and upwards per acre of a
i better grade of fertilizer. The best
of our farmers probably use 400 and
1 500 pounds. The fertilizer used in
such cases will probably contain 3
to 3 1-2 per cent of nitrogen and 8
to 10 per cent phosphoric acid. Not
much potash is used at present. Nor
mally, however, 2, 3 and even 4 per
cent of this element is used. The
best class of farmers naturally ter
race and prepare their land more
j carefully than the poorer farmers,
as there is much less loss of fer
-1 tilizer through erosion on such lands
' than on the lands of the small or
■' careless farmer who does not plow
i and prepare the soil thoroughly and
I who makes but little effort to main-
I tain a satisfactory system ofter-
I races.
The Effect of Tuberculosis on Cows
i A subscribers, Doerun, (la., writes:
When a cow has tuberculosis, does she
give her normal flow of milk, and is
• her appetite good? Describe symptoms
as fully, as you can. •
• In the beginning evidences of
i tuberculosis in cattle generally pass
I unnoticed. If the lungs are involv-
I ed, there is usually a short. dull
i cough. This may become more ag
j gravated as the case proceeds. As
i a rule, the cough is most commonly
( observed in the morning. Only in
jadvanced stages of this disease is
! the breathing affected. There s
j seldom any discharge from the nose.
' As the disease advances the breath
\ may have a disagreeable odor. At
first the body does not seem to. .be
( affected. In the course of time,
: however, there is a loss of flesh and
appetite and some danger of ema
ciation is exhibited. As a rule, there
is a gradual decrease in the flow of
milk. Finally the coat becomes star
ing and the skin dry and hard. Di
gestive troubles’are frequently met
! with; diarr-hoea alternating with
constipation. It is a comparatively
, simple matter to determine whether
a cow is affected or not. To this
end the tuberculin test should be in
stituted. You should employ a com-
| petent veterinarian to make the Same
for you. He can do it in a compar-
i atively short time and at a cost
, which you are fully justified in in
i curring, if you are in any way led
I to believe that your cow is suffer
i ing from this disease.
INFORMATION ABOUT VELVET
FEANS
W. S. I!., Roanoke, Va., writes: I
i am interested in trying to grow velvet
beans, and would like to know flie
I time for planting, how the soil is pre
i pared, etc. I have a 1,100-aere grazing
i farm and in the summer there is plqi|-
! ty of blue gut winter feeding is. quite
I a problem. Can they be used as hog
feed, too? Any'information you can
give me concerning, this crop will be
appreciated.
Velvet beans are grown very ex
tensively in Georgia. In some in
stances they are planted between
the middles of corn ' rows, spaced
say 5 or 6 feet apart. In some cases
they are planted along side the corn
rows. The beans may be planted
by hand orthey may be planted with
a mm-hilie. This is, the <-ucapest and
STAN DARD' TLR ESG
™« yjj Price
Don tmies this chance to cut your
tire cost 50 £ and more Send no
money just your name and ad- PO<“ ZriE
dress, statihg number and sizes IzOtT
wanted We ship at once on DOtT W
ap p rova 1 These are standard /VjQ ll
make used tires, excellent con- El
dition selected by our experts- }QC> 1
rebuilt by expert workmanship Can QQC F
readily be guaranteed for 4000 miles t
Do not confuse our tires with the E
double tread tires which are sewed JqxC E
See These Low Prices |
Size Tires Tubes Size Tires Tubes C» : .'
28x3 5T.45 $2.40 33x4 $13.75. $4.25 JOO I. I?
30x3 7.85. . 2.75 33x4)4. 14.25. 4.35 Itfle
30x314. 8.95.. 3.15 34x4 14.90 . 4.25
31x4 .11.25.. 4.00 34x414 15.50 4.50 tS
32x3)4.10.75 3.40 35x4)4 15.90. 5.25 KS' W
32x4 11.95 . 3.95 35x5 16.50 . 5.50 Tf&Tf M
32x4)4.13.25. 4.15 36x4H 17.90.. 5.50 vSffip,/
a t °nee Supply not only
W w mC your immediate needs, but
order for future use while you can
get the benefit of these bargain prices Remember,
we guarantee your perfect satisfaction Send no
money Pay only on arrival Examine and judge
for yourself It oot satisfied—send them back at
our expense. We wib refund your money without
question Be sure to state size wanted Clincher
S S -Non-Skid Plain t
CLEVELAND TIRE AND RUBBER CO
310 S Michigan Ave. Chicago
B M r4»/vT*y?l*J;Y»
Over all expenses. That’s what D. J.
Collier of Edgerton, Mo„ did with an
ADMIRAL HAY PRESS
| Universally admitted to be the mostpowerful, simplest, fastest hay
I baler mu!« 30 years a success. V. L. Corzine. Dongola. 111., says.
My press is doin? as fine work as ever and this is its 16tn season.
Jcpt send name and nddresa
! * WU Itli today for our illustrated
i Pivinß valuable in- - fcs *».s»
i formation on Hay Baling. and 4>»r‘W . jfadgWL
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enable you to make bi« money hay- <4 —/TSi/-
balm# this season.
ADMIRAL BAY PRESS COMPANY
So* 2ti • Kinta* City. Missouri
SIMPLE STERILIZER FOR SMALL DAIRIES
- -
""" "’ " ' Jr ‘ '
MS .
iff >
LIJ M® 11
F fell li ’
Getting all of the milk-souring germs out of cream separator parts
with a home-made sterilizer.
Approach of warm weather adds to
the dairyman's problem of keeping
milk from souring. It is commonly
known that bacteria in milk produces
changes which spoil it and therefore
every means should be taken to re
duce the bacteria content cff milk
as much as possible. This can be
done, first, by producing milk un
der clean conditions; second, by pro
ducing, handling and by keeping it
in sterilized utensils, and third by
cooling it and keeping it cold.
Dirty milk utensils, and even those
which apparently are clean but which
have not been contain vast
numbers of bacteria which are added
to milk or cream when it comes in
contact with them. It is true that
even when milk is produced under
clean conditions it will contain a
few bacteria, for when such milk
is placed in unsterilized utensils or
is run through an unsterilized strain
er cloth of the separator, large num
bers of bacteria are added, which are
apt to spoil it quickly. When dairy
utensils are sterilized by steam most
of the bacteria and all disease germs
are destroyed, and therefore milk and
cream in these utensils will keep
sweet much longer. Sterilization of
utensils on farms is neither difficult
nor expensive if the simple • steam
sterilizer designed by dairy special
ists of the United States depart
ment of agriculture is used.
For Smaller or Larger Fanns
This sterilizer is designed to be of
greatest use to those who have one,
two or three, ten-gallon or smaller
cans with a similar number of pails
and a strainer cloth, but it ■can be
used to advantage where a large
number of'cans are required. In its
construction are needed first a roast
ing pan of standard size (20 inches
long, 1 finches wide nd 3 inches
deep), a close fitting insulated cover
to fit over this pan, and a box with
a removable top to fit over the cover.
Language of the “Dope Fiend” Has Many Queer
Words—Government to Round Up Drug Sellers
“Stuff, snow, hop, pill, shot, dusf
and coke.” These are only a few
words common in the vocabulary of
the “dope fiend,” the sleepy, dreamy
disciple of fictitious morpheus with
the weariness of the world showing
fretfully in his eye.
Numerous reports of drug store
robberies and other evidence of the
prevalence of many- “dopeheads”
has centered the attention of the.
government agents on rounding up
“the fiends.”
In picking their agents to catch
the abnormal, 'sly drug user, the
government is giving prference io
men who have at one time been ad
dicted to drugs, but who have been
cured. Experiments have proven
that these men are better able to
combat “dope” than the inexperienc
ed detective who has never know?
the sensation of a draw on an opium
pipe or “shot in the arm.”
Government agents say Louisville
is one of the largest inland "dope"
centers in the United States. Most
of the large “dope towns” are around
the border, where the precious “stuff”
can be more easily obtaind.
All "dope” is known as “the stuff,
government agents say. “Snow” is
the white, powdery form of cocaine.
Death Penalty and Life in jail
Make Mexican State Bone Dry
BY BAMON JURADO
Dry leaders in the United States
can learn a few lessons from Mex
ico in what real bone-dry prohibi
tion is.
Not all Mexico is dry. But the
state of Sonora, with 300,000 pop
ulation, is literally bone-dry. It has
been for four years.
If the United States wants to
put over prohibition without loop
holes let her adopt the drastic
measures in force in Sonora. Here
they are:
Death penalty for monshiners and
importers of intoxicating liquor.
Dife imprisonment for bootleg
gers who sell it.
. Ope Io 14 years' imprisonment for
having one drink in one's possession.
And the natives of Sonora like this
brand of bone-dry prohibition so
much that they recently voted near
tnosL economical method in view of
tht present high price and scarcitv
of labor.
There are a good many varieties of
velvet beans. The varieties most sat
istactory for geenral cultivation at
present are the Alabama and the
Georgia strains. The Georgia strain
will mature in somewhat less time
that the Alabama strain. These va
rieties can be cultivated with a fair
degree of success in North Georgia
and in very favorable seasons tile,
inay mature in the southern part o
1 ennessee and in some parts of th
Coastal Plain sections of the Caro
linas and possibly Virginia. Th.
cannot be cultivated with any sat
isfaction, however, at high eleva
tions; and we do not expect them t >
prove satisfactory as a rule in an.
secion where he blue grass does es
pcially well.
Velve beans are very often grpvv.i
in combination with corn in th:
state, aijd will yield from 12 to I'•
bushels per acre. They certainly
have a feeding value equivalent to
corn, so that by growing them with
corn one can puractically double th.
yield and the feeding value of the
gi-ai n crop secured, from an acre of
ground. In Georgia the beans do not
mature until relatively late and as a
rule are grazed down b cattle or
hogs. Where this can be accomplish
ed the expense of harvesting them is
saved, ami that at present is an im
portant item. The beans, of course,
can be harvested, ground up either
with or without the pods .and fed
as meal either singly or in combi
nation with other concentrates to
quite a variety of livestock.
So many velvet beans are produced
in Georgia and in other southern
states now that the meal is on the
market in considerable quantities.
You can no doubt purchase it in the
future and use *t to good advantage
in combination with corn and other
crops which, you can produce suc
cessfullv in .your section of Virginia.
NEW PUBLICATIONS
The following publications were is
sued by the United States Depart
i ment of Agriculture during the week
i ended June 14. 1919:
| The Striped Cucumber Beetle and
■ Its Control. Farmers' Bulletin 10" S.
Ithodes Grass. Farmers’ Bulletin
lots.
Handling and Bonding Soui’iern
Vew Potatoes. Farmers’ Bulletin
1050.
Conies of these publications mnv
be obtained on application to the Di
vision of Publications. United Stotes
Dena’-tm'mt of Agriculture, Washing
ton, D. C.
To make the cover, take a sln-vt of
heavy galvanized iron and i-ui it
large enough to project 3-4 inch
over the edge of the pan. Bend the
edgqs of the sheet so as to form a
shallow box with sides 3-8 of an
inch high. Then cut out a cover for
the shallow box thus made. Cut a
hole 1 1-2 inches in diameter in the
center of both the cover and the
box. Iron braces should be placed
crosswise on the box to strengthen
it. Then fill the shallow box with
paper or asbestos sheets, after
which the top of the box is careful
ly soldered on. Solder a round, gal
vanized iron pipe 4 1-2 inches long
and 1 1-2 inches in diameter in the
hole in the center of the cover.
The box with the removable cover
previously referred to should also
be made of galvanized iron. This
box should be 11 incites high and
large enough to fit on the cover
just described. The complete cost
of this outfit should not be more
:han $8 and if a soldering outfit is
available it can be made at home, or
any tinner can do the job.
Using the Sterilizer
To sterilize cans, the roasting pan
should be placed on two burners of
a cook stove or an especially built
brick furnace. The pan should be
filled with water to the depth of one
inch and the cover placed over it. As
soon as the water heats sufficiently
steam will come out of the outlet
pipe, and as a rule it takes less than
fifteen minutes to develop enough
steam for sterilization. When steam
of sufficient heat (at least 205 de
grees F.) has been reached, place
the can over' the steam outlet for
live minutes, then remove, shake out
any water and place upright on the
floor. The can should .be absolutely
dry in two or three minutes. If not
: dry in that time it shows that the
steam was not as hot as 205 de
: grees F., or that the can had not
been washed clean.
and their user is called a “snow
bird.” “Hop” is a name applied to
opium, and the victim of the drug is
sometimes called a “hophead. ’
“Dust” or “coke” are titles applied
to various forms of “dope.” A “pill”
must be dissolved in water before it
can be used. When a hypodermic
needle is used in administering the
dope the application is called a
"shot.” •
It recently become known that
! women in quarantine who went, on
I a rampage in the Louisville jail sev-
I eral weeks ago were “full of dope."
( They had saved small quantities sent
! them by friends on the outside, un
j til they had saved enough for “a
i spree.” The drug had been smug
gled past deputies at the jail, con
cealed beneath postage stamps. Most
women of the underworld are more
or less addicted to the drug habit,
government agents say,
“The government is going to have
one big proposition after July 1,” a
government agent said yesterday.
“It is impossible to round up all
‘dope fiends,’ just as it is going to
be impossible to round up all per
sons addicted to the liquor habit.
“But it is going to make business
good for us.”
ly 11 to 1 to keep in force perma
; nently these laws, originally issued
by General Plutarco Elias Calles
when he became military governor
of Sonora four years ago.
f General Calles has been govern
or ever since—until his recent call
; to Mexico City to become minister
of commerce and industry in the
>cabinet of President Carranza.
Here is the way General Calles
■ \ sums up the benefit derived ■ from
a . policy of shooting men who man
' ufacture liquor and imposing dras-
I tic prison sentence? on those who
import it, sell it and have it in
their possession:
i No revolutionary movement in
Sonora in four years.
, ! Labor, formerly only 50 per cent
; ; employed, now nearly 100 per cent
> ! employed six days a week.
. ' School attendance 70 per cent
| greater.
■ | Production of mines, mills, fact
, ories, farms, fisheries increased 25
; to 55 per cent.
Wages increased from 40 to 50
. 1 cents a day to .$3 to $5 a day.
. i “Results in Sonora have convinced
■ ‘ me that real bone-dry prohibition
i , is one of the best remedies for Boi
, Vnevism.” said General Calles, “bm
you have to stamp out the liquor
' or prohibition becomes a joke. It's
i no joke in Sonora.”
The more properly and regular].'
ail refuse of the household is harm
lessly disposed of the better for
the healthfulness and comfort of the
He TellslL S. What
To Do m Russia
’ Ilk
Ew ' > IBS
s - i SI
st' *** soil!
li B&
1 litaiih
z
z * CJzas. >
i Charles 11. Smith is the man
who gives Uncle Sam his orders
as to Russia and Siberia. He is
i the American member of the In
’ ter-Allied commission for the re
organization of the Russian rail-
-way system. His job is one of the
’ most important in the world to
day.
'POOR ROADS OR GOOD ROADS-
THEY AFFECT COST OF FOOD'
• HOW MOTCR-VLHiCIIE
BEVEIIUE 15 USED
I Ti,e increase in motor-, .ir regis
,! nations a;.d revenues in tne I mi
:'s ed States mirmg the past dozer.
'! \ ears repre::ents some interesting
. ! comparisons. This .s t.■ peciaily
'i true m respect to the use made
•| ot revenues. In I'.iin, the tot;:;
registrations were approximate!;.
i 18.000 ears, paying a gross reve
'i nue of about $193,000, or roughly
. the same as the returns from the
| District of Columbia for the year
I'lß. Furthermore, in ll'tiG the
gross registration revenues repre
sented less than three-tenths ot
1 per cent of the total rural road
and bridge expenditures for that
year. In 191 s the motor-vehicle
revenues rejr esented approxi
mately 21 per cent of the total
road and bridge expenditures for
the year. Furthermore, while in
1906 practically none of the mo
tor-vehicle revenues were applied
to load construction or mainte
nance, in 1918 nearly 91 per cent
of the gross returns, or $46,935,-
691, were devoted ot this purpose in
forty-six stales, and of the total
amount applied to road work . •
per cent, or $ “',.161,4 73. was ex
pended more or less directly under
tbe control or supervision of the
stale highway departments.
lite man who never gets out of
sight of the tall buildings, as well as
the man who has yet to see a city
skyscraper, should be a booster for
better roads. Highways are used in
' transporting practically every ar-
I tide of food at some stage in its
journey to the consumers table. Bad
roads add to the cost of transporta
' tion. but good roads cut marketing
; costs.
i From the time when farm prod
: nets were first hauled in wagons
( to markets there has been an interest
in better roads as a means of reduc
ing thee ost of transportation, but
improved highways mean more, now
because of the extensive use of
motor trucks in hauling products
from the farm to the railroad sta
tion or direct to the city markets.
Trucks are not only replacing horse
transportation but in many cases
they are supplementing and even do
ing the work of railroads. In fact,
motor trucks offer a solution ot
modern transportation problems, but
roads built only for horse-drawn ve
hicles or light automobiles will
break down under heavy motor traf
fic.
Maintenance of thousands of miles
of roads so that the enormous gov
ernment and commercial truck traffic
of the past two years could move
has taxed the abilities and called
forth every energy and plan on the
part of highway officials. In many
states officials found themselves
without sufficient funds to handle
properly the repair ami rebuilding
work necessary. Nearly all of them
had to struggle under the handicap
of an insufficient labor supply, and
all had to meet the increased cost of
labor and material.
War Lessons Aid hl Peace
Only a few states were unaffected
by the restrictions on the supply
and transportation of materials
which had to be brought from a dis
tance. None escaped the difficulties
which followed the great and ''>pid
increase in traffic at this country’s
entrance ' into the war. From New
England to the Pacific coast new de
mands were, made imon the highways,
and unusual conditions developed
everywhere in maintenance and con
struction. In several slates high
type roads, which had originally been
constructed without sufficient foun
dation to meet the new demand*, had
to be rebuilt, and part of this con
struction work was carried on v.’htle
the heavv traffic was kept >-v:nft.
The extensive use of motor trucks
for transportation during ti’ue
has emphasized the possibilities of
well-built roads as a means of mar
keting farm and other products.
Solving road problems when there
was a constant procession of heavily
loaded trucks traveling over them
has been a great lesson to road offi
cials. which will be put to goed use
in peace times.
The federal aid road-building pro
gram for this year is the most stu
pendous m the history of the world.
The expenditures for road construc
tion for the year are likelyl ot reach
$500,000,000. Plans have been made
for the construction of continuous
highway systems, the states through
which the highways are to pass co
operating with each other as never
before. Improved roads will not
terminate at state lines, but will run
from one large marketing center to
! another.
Free Trucks, Added Appropriations
j More than $45,000,000 worth of
motor trucks, to be used in road con
structon work, will be distributed
by the secretary of agriculture
'hrough the bureau of public roads
to the state highway departments.
These trucks, about 20,000 in num
ber, have been declared surplus by
the war department, and all that the
states must do to acquire them is to
pay the loading and freight charges.
The trucks range in capacity from
[ two to five tons, 11,000 of them are
j new. and all are declared to be in
serviceable condition. They will be
\ - t —~ ®—— ——.B
—. —.. K L V'. The Full Line of International j
' Harvester Quality Machines f
... - ' t
" #7 c '* > -Mv ’• V • Grain Harvesting Machines A
Birders Push Binders ]
'-‘V:’JiJS'.'-J’d?;.' l '', Headers Rice Binders
Tvvjvx ’*j})'■’* Harv< tei Threshers Reapers f
' ''•'‘a Shockert Threshers t f
*’ ' 4ih Tillage Implement* ' fc
"vrt ■ Disk Harrows J
Jv.y Z ' - ..71 a' Tractor Harrows £]
- •,.< » - - ■
Peg Tooth Harrows V
a ¥ J Orchard Harrows Cultivators |
LzXibltEl H©lp HnJ High Planting and Seeding Machine.
"^^l/rrzae mt* Corn Planters Coin Drills Jj
v T wa. Giam Drills Broadcast Seeders
I ' Alfalfa and Grass Seed Drills '
THE old way of cutting corn by hand Fertilizer and Lune
was the nightmare of the farmer It Haying Machine.
... r . Mowers Side Delivery Rakes J
meant a big torce 01 men, a big expense coi k d> side Rakes & Tedders (1
and gruelling, slow, irksome work. It was Bafmgkisses™' v
not always possible to get the men need- cSsie”>K.k. s s:sucl:«S'
ed But times have changed. Ihe old ; Bunchers
way has stepped aside for the new. better, i Beit Machine.
easier wav ‘ ' Ensilage Cutters Corn Shellers !
1 ' ’■J ■ ; • Huskers and Shredders j
McCormick and Deering Corn Binders Tbi'Jb 1 1.1^ 1 ' 5 pLed oknideis. (J
cut the corn swiftly and neatly when the i „ . .. /J
sweet, nutnt.ous juices which make the | K er»«. K En ß ,ne s W
fodder palatable are still in stalks and Gasoline Engines I
. 1 ‘ Kerosene I ractors ' 1
blades. Motoi Trucks |
n t z- i j t-v i * i I Motoi Cultivators I
McCormick and JJeering corn binders are /)
clean-built, sturdy, compact and easy running. Corn Machine.
Thev have sufficient traction to operate success- ™ a n teri Motor Cultivators
fully in the loose ground m the cornheld, and j cultivators Binders pickers
cut readily' the toughest-fibered cornstalk. One : Shfcllers Husker-Shreddetjs
of these machines drawn by a tractor or three Dairy Equipment
good horses, a two-man outfit, will harvest from Cream Separators (Hand) ]i
five to seven acres a day, cutting and binding Cream Separators (Belted) ri
. - i ° Kerosene Engines ft
the whole crop m neat, convenient bundles. Motor Trucks Gasoline Engines yi
The many unusual features of these machines Other Farm Equipment il
that are responsible for their time and labor- Manure Spreaders
saving qualities will be shown vou by a nearby straw spreading Attachment |
i iii .\r*n • f Farm wagons Stalk Cutters J
International dealer, or you can get lull informa- Farm Ki, life Grinders fl
tion by writing the address below ■ Tractor Hitches Binder Twine it
■tzr ...-zzzz n
Internationa! Harvester Company /f
j® Ch.easo ° f An, !r’ i ' K _U
apportoned to the states only upon
request of the state highway de
partments on the basis of a request
received from the respective states
with the apportionment provided in
the federal aid law approved in 1916.
The requirements of the law are such
that none of the trucks will be dis
tributed to counties or individuals.
Further interest in the nation-wide
need for good roads is shown by the
tact that shortly before the last, ses
sion of congress adjourned that body
made an extra appropriation of $209,-
000,000 in the postoffice appropria
tion bill to meet the federal part-of
the road-building program. This is
the largest appropriation ever made
by any government for a similar pur
••''■''c, say road officials of the depart
ment of agriculture.
African Missionary
Says Babies Are Sold
Baby girls are more valuable in
Africa than chickens or goats, says
Miss Kathron Wilson, of New Or
leans, who is now a medical mission
ary in the Belgian Congo. In a let
ter written from Wembo, Niama, she
says that often little baby girls are
sold as wives, and that when they are
ten or twelve years old they go to
their husbands.
The husbands never get through
payng for their child wives, according
to Miss Wilson, as the fathers are al
ways asking for more money.
If the husband gets tired of his wife
lie sends her back to her father, but
if she is sold again the father-in-law
must return the purchase price paid
by the first husband.
Nev/ Nigena Gov.
35 Years in Wilds
A
as
z
-Zj- C.
Clifford has been made gov
ernor of Nigeria. He has spent
35 years in British colonial serv
ice in the wildest parts of the
world. He had adventurous ex
periences in Pahang, served in
the West Indies, was in Ceylon
for a number of years and in
; 1912 was made governor of the
Gold Coast. He has written
everything from romance to Ma
lay dictionaries.
© NEW • LOWES o PRICES ®
h a A r| J|p p portables j
Kerosene Sizes. |
' [erosene Engines l “XWI
Burn cheap fuel—Big surplus power k .<TK
—Easiest kerosene engine to understand and i ; /A
operate—Most reliable—Latest improvements
—Fewer parts—Balanced construction—Auto-
matic feed control on varied load—Webster <1 XZ f
magneto, or battery ignition. Every engine
or.outfit ready to use on anival. Factory Vst Whs You Ge It.
X X',B\ LIFETIME GUARANTEE WITTE SAW-RIGS
Q n g vcr y p ar j. o f Your Engine, A Money Maker. All Steel Trucks—Ready to
Justus Agreed. Cash cr Easy Fay- use when you get it, wilhMw, .aw frame, pulley, belt,
ments. Quality assured by LS-year < tongne, .eat and chain
» record of reliability? Largest sac- H%. “ Bh<Wn '
°f the kind in United States. tigyS ',,lf£sJ|xn.
3® Immediatechipnient from Kansas 4TjjL/ey.-, .W'tA
City or Pittsburgh, whichever is -??r v"si
nearest you. Full description of I VW ' v.tCJk*
WITTE Engines, all atvh s and lizc.i, in J Fl > 'jg'-ffT4 J
% JST my l.i* 4 <-olcr book, • HOW'JO JUDGE J rf*T| r ' W ' < DifWOr
Si Tfewy’, ENGINE’S”—FREE, by Keturn MaiL It M&ISPr
k Y tcli3el|yuu w7V\tr
kn'Zw 10 , •'toj.J yj| err MV 'C/' L / fl
Kish ; ! z l 7 ! C7j rnic*a jj
nll tlffW
x ■ A sf££*c a ' > ' J a I (UZ?*S. ■ Before you agree to take any engine get my new hook cad
C ■- A f prices on 2to 30 H-I*.—Stationary, Portable nr <! saw-j.-g
/ Outfits. 1 save you mont?y and time. —ED. 11. WITTE,
WITTE ENGINE
~612 eskiand *»«••
A Bear Is Sometimes
A “White Elephant”
When is a black bear a “white ele
phant?” Adam Brown, an iron
worker, of Pine Forge, knows. Drown
won the bear at a shoot in Berks
county. He tried to load the 300-
pound bear on his' auto and the ma
chine rebeled and broke down. Brown
cannot keep the bear in a stable, as
it excited the horses and he came to
I town and asked permission to keep it
In a garage. Brown's friends Sug
gest that he get a monkey and Start
a circus. The bear is now living in a
piano box with slatted sides.
SUMMER EXTENSION SCHOOL
Summer extension schools •• are
being arranged by D. J. Burleson,
Agriculturist, and M. H. I’earsonv as
sistant agriculturist, *tlte EiSfen
sion Service at Auourn. Ala., in con
junction with farm demonstration
agents, W.. M. Sellers of Chambers
county, and C. H. Stewart of Ran
dolph county. In Chambers county
a two days' session will be held on
| Tuesday and Wednesday. July 15 t and
16, at Five Points in the high school
building, and the local committee is
receiving the special help of R, M.
Bowen, cashier of the bank at that
point. The meeting in Randolph
countv will be held at. New Hope on
August 5 and 6, the details being in
charge of Prof. C. K. Parker, pi’itici
pal of the New Hope school.
The course will include specialists’
lectures and demonstration in horti
culture. agriculture, entomology and
home economics and will be largely
attended by the farmers and t-heir
families in both counties. >
I : —•
>„y r: 5 3 A k ij ti s * o a
I Dll*' !»•
I
JSEITTENDAYSfTf
of your life After trial, if pleased, pay cur
I DIRECT-TO-YOU I RICE of 82.25. and we
i send you FREE our ?1 STROP and our SI
HONE. If Razor doesn’t please, iust re
turn at. end of ten days. The Middlebrooks
Razor wilt give voua lifetime of shaving
i satisfaction. We guarantee it for 25 vears
! Over 300.000 in use. CUT OUT THIS
AD and iust sav: "I accept this offer and
will pav vou or return Razor promptly.”
' Address
B. W MIDDLEBROOKS CUTLERY CO. j j
D?pt. 3 Barnesville, Ca. I
( "*w leimi
; ijv 4 Eel®, Muikoto and other far’bearinff onipnalß bt
1 largo ruinibprH withour New, Folding, GalrnniLed
I Steel Wiro Trap. Cutches them like fly-trap
catches lire**. Write at onco fur catalogue
FJU£E; BAIT offer. AgfnU ' I"' M
‘ Western BUtg. Co. 116 Hannibal* ]
PRICES SMASSrtD" !
■I 7f JYW. I * B,ES OUR LOSS, YOUR
'J II GAIN. Elegantly en-
U XM-<. gents graved, double hunting
,ir open face case,' stem
'’K. "Ind a n( l set gold watch.
/rasC Very fine full jeweled
vl movement. A GUARAN-
S TEED ACCURATE
i- TIME KEEPER. 'Rend
No MONEY. Special
limited time offer?'- We
" 'll send to any address
for full examination, this
fisr latest model, reliable
railroad style watch, 0. 0. D. $3,75 and
charges by mail or express. FREE. A gold
plated chain and charm. EXCELSIOR
WATCH CO., Dept. 23, Chicago, 111.
I Advt. |
7
