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4 THE SEMI-WEEKLY JOURNAL X s ATLANTA, GA., 5 NORTH FORSYTH ST. Entered at the Atlanta Postofflce as Mail Matter of the Second Class. Daily, Sunday, Semi-Weekly SUBSCRIPTION PRICE SEMI-WEEKLY Twelve months ?1.20 Six months •• • 65c Three months —35 c Subscription Prices Dally and Sunday (By Mall—Payable Strictly in Advance.) 1 Wk. 1 Mo. 8 Moa. 6 Mos. 1 Yr. Dally and Bonday... 20090 c $2.50 $5.00 $9.50 Dally 16c 70c 2.00 4.00 7.50 Sunday 7c 30c .90 1.75 8.25 The Semi-Weekly Journal is published on Tuesday and Friday, and is mailed by the shortest routes for early delivery. It contains news from all over the world, brought by special leased wires into our office. It has a staff of distinguished con tributors, with strong departments of spe cial value to the home and the farm. Agents wanted at every postofflce. Lib eral commission allowed. Outfit free. Write R. R. BRADLEY, Circulation Man ager. The only traveling representatives we have are B. F. Bolton, C. C. Coyie, Charles H. Woodliff, J. M. Patten, W. H. Reinhardt, M. H. Bevil and John Mac Jennings. We will be responsible only for money paid to the above named traveling representatives. ' NOTICE TO SUBSCRIBERS The label naed for addressing your paper shows the time your subscription expires. By renewing at least two weeks before the date on this label, you Insure regular service. In ordering paper changed, be sure to mention your old ■ s well as your new address. If on a route, please give the route number. We cannot enter subscriptions to begin with back num oere. Remittances should bo sent by postal order or regis tered mall. , ... _ , . . Address all orders and notices for this Department to THE SEMI-WEEKLY JOURNAL. Atlanta, 'Ga. Animal Husbandry. HE States of Missouri and Wisconsin have made a unique and enviable rec ord within the past decade as com- T pared with other States of the Union in that the number of tenant farmers has shown a steady decrease during the period while the number of farm owners has increased. No other States boast such a record. On the con trary, in every other State the number of tenant farmers has increased Steadily since 1880. In Kansas and Illinois, which are sup posed to be unusually prosperous and pro gressive, more than 40 per cent of the farm ers are tenants, whereas in Missouri over 75 per cent of the farmers own the lands which they till, and, according to local authorities, the farmers of Wisconsin are in even better shape. Commenting upon these conditions the Kansas City Times remarks: No doubt there are many reasons why tenancy has not gained as rapidly in Mis souri and Wisconsin as in other States in the past and the same reasons prob ably have operated to cause a decline during the last decade. One of the prin cipal reasons is the fact that in both of these States livestock production is the dominant agricultural industry. Both are celebrated for beef cattle, swine and poultry, Wisconsin for dairy cattle and hogs. Neither is classed among the great grain export States. Almost universally livestock and land-owning farmers go to gether, partly because a renter cannot as a rule become a successful stockman and partly because the livestock farmer has less opportunity to spend his earn ings, and therefore a greater incentive to save and buy a farm. As the Times suggests it is singular and significant that the two States in which farm tenancy is on the decline are States that are given over largely to animal husbandry. The growth of livestock and dairying in Missouri and Wisconsin undoubtedly have contributed to the ever-increasing prosperity of the farm ers. The same is true in the South. The sec tions that have prospered most are the sec tions wherein the farmers have appreciated the advantage of livestock production. The Montgomery Advertiser, discussing farm tenancy in the South, believes that the remedy for this condition is to be found in the promotion of the livestock and dairy in dustry. “Land,” remarks the Advertiser, “is easier to acquire and hold in the cotton States of the South than in any other section. The tenant who has thrift, intelligence and indus try holds the key to independence in the South. Thousands of tenants every year come nearer and nearer to independence. The ten ant of yesterday may be the landlord of to morrow in almost any State in the South. With the development of the livestock and dairying industry his problem should be sim plified beyond what it now is by virtue of na tural conditions.” It is a source of gratification to remark that the Southern farmers generally, and no where more than in Georgia, have come to realize and appreciate the point made by the Montgomery Advertiser, and that reports from all sections indicate that the farmers are engaging more and more extensively in the production of livestock and dairy pro ducts. Mr. Asquith's “Come-Back”. IHE most talked-of event in current British politics is the election of For- T met Premier Asquith as member of Parliament from Paisley. Standing as candi date of the Liberals, he won by a substantial majority over his Coalition and Labor oppo nents. His victory over the former is set down by some observers partly to the fact that the present Government counseled its <supporters not to oppose him, so that it was the merely local Coalitionists who figured in the contest. This policy has given rise to much conjec ture. “The electors,” we are told, “are try ing to divine the motives of Lloyd George in seeking to return the man he ousted from the Premiership and who is certain to prove a dangerous antagonist. Lloyd George inti mates that it is in the public interest that should not lose the services of so competent a statesman as Mr. Asquith, but the politicians are satisfied that the Wily One has some other object in view.” However that may be, Mr. Asquith’s re appearance in the House of Commons will give the Liberals the ablest leader they could obtain and will put heart and power into the party of opposition. * Still more interesting, and perhaps more significant, was the former Premier’s defeat of his Labor opponent. In 1918 the Laborites came out of the Paisley election with a minor ity of only one hundred and nine, but in the recent test their minority was nearly three thousand. Mr. Asquith, ‘it should be noted, stood for all the measures of constructive re form in which labor is interested, but was un compromisingly opposed to the nationaliza tion of industry. His election thus is a sign. of steady think ing in England as well as a forerunner of in teresting political developments. I Common Rights and Common Sense in the April Primary. EING a practical'minded people and traditionally watchful of their rights, Georgia Democrats are pondering two B matters of especial concern as the day of their Presidential primary draws near. They are considering who is best qualified to lead the party to victory and to power for nation al service. And they are asking ever more in sistently, as an issue that comes home to the very vitals of their citizenship, what the State Executive Committee is going to to about the rule, promulgated by seven of its members, which denies the voter his right ful freedom of choice and makes him a pup pet in the hands of political manipulators. These questions are closely related. If the people are to choose for the best interests of the party and the country, they must be per mitted, first of all, to choose without dicta tion or restraint. To say that they shall be restricted to such candidates as the Seven Censors may approve is to make the forth coming primary a travesty upon all that is truly Democratic. For whose service was this primary called, the Committee’s or the people’s? To whom does it belong, to the politicians or the voters? If the Democrats of Georgia, charged with declaring their preference for a Presidential nominee, are not entitled to vote for whomsoever they will, regardless of a committee’s prejudices and designs, then are they entitled to noth ing, and the party of their old allegiance has become an empty name. A basic principle is here at stake, a fun damental right which, as we prize liberty and are loyal to democracy, we dare not leave unvindicated. That distinguished Baptist minister and ever faithful champion of civic righteousness, Dr. M. Ashby Jones, stated the issue unanswerably when he said in a communication to The Journal: “I never was very much interested in the discussion of the question, is Hoover a Democrat. But I am intensely interested in the question which confronts us now, is the Democratic party democratic?” Writing from this wholly im partial viewpoint, Dr. Jones added these, : among many other searching observations: “If any group of men is given the pow i er to say whom they will allow the peo ple of the pariy to vote for, democracy is once again • delivered into the hands of oligarchy. The very wellspring of freedom itself is the right of the indi vidual to choose and initiate his own political impulses. To limit or coerce this individual right is to poison democ racy at its fountain source. . . The right of Mr. Hoover to be a candidate is not and never has been the issue. Neither Mr. Hoover nor the people of Georgia have ever raised that question. The is sue is not the right of any candidate, but a far more sacred and fundamental right is in controversy, and that is, the right of the individual Democrat to vote for whom he pleases.” Can it be that our friends the Committee men are appalled at the rising tide of Geor gia sentiment for Herbert Hoover, and there fore are unwilling to trust the people with a ballot bearing his among other names? If so, they will do well to take note that the stanchest and ablest Democrats of the State are insisting that the people be given this right, and that some go as far as to contend that Hoover is the one possibility of the Democrats’ carrying the next Presidential election. Thus the Waycross Journal-Herald, as loyally Democratic a paper as ever fought the good fight, declares its conviction that Democracy must win with Hoover, if it is to win at all. If we wish merely to reaffirm the party’s principles and poll the unfailing vote of the solid South but lose the East and West and go down in costly albeit honorable defeat, then, argues our Waycross contempor ary, it makes no great difference whom we nominate; there are any number of deserving and highly admirable Democrats for whom the party’s own household can vote with hearty good will. But if we wish to win, realizing that win we must in order that we may duly serve; if we are to carry not only the solid South, and the traditional Demo cratic strongholds of other regions, but the doubtfui States as well and the decisive vote of the Independents, then, the Journal-Her ald reasons, the party must have such a nominee as Hoover. The same paper (and it should be noted that its views are typical of those of an ever increasing number) de clares that “the country is tired of politicians and their methods;” that Hoover represents just the combination of great business abil ity and great human sympathies that appeal most keenly to the thoughtful rank and file. It recalls the historic fact that as adminis trator of Belgian relief he handled a fund of two hundred and fifty million dollars at an overhead expense of only one-sixteenth of one per cent, and infers that. such genius and integrity cannot fail to win the favor oi American taxpayers at this critical time. Whether or not one considers Hoover the only practical choice or the best one the party ca/make, none of open mind will deny that democratic rules are the only kind which a Democratic committee should employand to which Democratic Georgians will submit. Trade Ties to Latin America. MONG the many striking aspects ot this country’s business development in the course of the World War none is A 'more remarkable than the growth of com merce with Latin America. For the twelve month preceding Juue the 30th, 1914, our ex ports to that region amounted to two hundred and eighty-two million dollars; for the ca.en dar year 19J.9 they amounted to nine hundred and thirty million. Before the war we sold those countries about, twenty-three per cent of their foreign purchases, and last year something like forty-six per cent. The immense increase is explained chiefly by the suspension of European sales and services. Goods formerly imported from the United Kingdom, France, Belgium, Germany and Austria were for the most part procur able from the United States alone. No less significant was the fact that financial ac commodations for which Latin-America ■was wont to look to Europe were to be found no where if not in the banking communities of this country. Thus there developed between the Americas a volume and variety of busi ness hitherto unapproached. Happily, too, it was reciprocal business, for while our neighbors to the South greatly increased their purchases from us,we at the same time added a vast deal to our imports from them. The National City Bank of New York interestingly notes in this connection that in the first half of the war period Latin- American exports were of exceedingly slow growth, the total for the twenty countries amounting to $1,838,000,000 in 1917 as against $1,503,000,000 in 1913. But in 1918 the figures leaped to $2,378,000,000, and in 1919 to approximately $3,000,000,000. This is ascribed to the fact that in the first part of the war the European demand for such Latin-American products as coffee, cocoa i fruits, rubber and tin fell off. while in the i later years such exports as meats, wool and ; nitrates came fully into play. In all these developments the United ' States figured notably, so that today the trade j relationships between our nation and the ; neighboring republic is more extensive than ' ever before, and morq cordial. Everyth'ng ! possible should be done to strengthen these goodly tics, for uroi them depends a great measure of the western world's propcity [and w’ellbeing. THE ATLANTA SEMI-WEEKLY .TOURNAI', ATI,ANTA, GA. FRIDAY, MARCH 5, l»20. [ABANA, CUBA; Feb. 21. —Cuban has been made one of the wealthiest and H ceitainly one of the most prosperous spots on the face of the earth during the last lour years. Tobacco, prohibition and fruit nave contributed something to this prosperity but the main cause of it is the tremendous rise in the price of sugar. That acute shortage in sugar which has in convenienced almost every individual in the United States and Europe has poured wealth into Cuba at an almost incredible rate. The world catastrophe of war has been to Cuba not only a blessing, but a veritable salvafion. Just before the war broke out, the Cubans were financially flat on their backs. Raw sugar was bringing about two and a half or three cents a pound. It scarcely paid to grind it. A financial crisis threatened. Then came war and the steady upward trend of sugar prices. The sugar crops of 1917-18 and 1918-19 were practically commandeered by the United States sugar beard. Theoretically the Cubans were free to sell their sugar to whomever they pleased, but the United States government let it be known that it would regard it as a friendly act if the Cuban sugar was all con signed to the United States. The advisability of performing this act of friendship was em phasized by the fact that the United States controlled the shipping, and that a Cuban who wanted to sell his sugar somewhere else would have had a hard time getting ships. In effect the Cuban sugar crop wqs taken by force to this country, but the Cubans did not object or complain because they got from $4.60 to $5.50 a hundred pounds for their sugar, and that seemed at the time to be a very good price. When the next crop—that is, the one now being ground—came into the market, a good mqny of theh large Cuban producers thought it would be a good idea to sell it to the United States Sugar Board again. In this they were not Motivated by friendship for us or by fear of a shortage of ships, but by the fact that they thought if they could get $6.50 a hun dred for the crop from the sugar board, they would be doing very well. Several of the big producers, owning about one-third of the Cuban crop, got together and wrote a letter to the sugar board offering to sell the crop at that price. Other sugar producers differed with these, and preferred to hold out for a higher price in an open market, but if the sugar board had accepted the offer, it could have secured at least half of the Cuban crop in all probability, and it could thereby have averted the sugar shortage and the high prices from which we are now suffering. The sugar board refused to make the pur chase for reasons which have been explained in a previous Haskin letter. It doubted its authority to do so and put the matter up to the president and to congress; but neither did anything, and our sugar was lost. The crop is now more than half sold, and is bringing as high as twelve cents a pound. If we went into the market now we could not get much Cuban sugar, even at that price. The failure of the sugar board to buy that sugar at six and a half while it had the chance was a blow to every sugar bowl in the United States. For very soon after the Cuban producers made that offer, sugar prices began to soar. American manufacturers of candy, cakes and other products that require sugar, were the ones who boosted the price first. The sugar refiners in this country-bought very little at that tinj.e because they believed that six and a half was a top-notch price and that it would come down. They made a bad guess. The ONE MIND—NOT TWO By H. Addington Bruce ■ VERY once in a while I receive a letter indicating that still is much mis- 1 understanding as regards that important E and interesting psychological fact—the subcon scious. People write relative to the comparative merits of the conscious and the subconscious mind. Or, employing the unfortunate language of the late Thomson J. Hudson, they speak of the objective mind and the subjective mind. All of which suggests a widespread notion that in every man there are two minds. While the fact is that Conscious and subconscious are i simply terms descriptive of different phases or regions of one and the same mind, the single mind which man possesses. Let me quote the first, and even today per haps the best, brief description of the sub conscious, as given by the investigator who did more than anybody else to turn the attention of scientsits to it. This was Frederic W. H. Myers, who usually spoke of the subconscious as the subliminal self. “By using this term,” Myers explained, “1 do not assume that there are two correlative and parallel selves existing always within each of us. Rather I mean by the subliminal self that part of the self which is commonly sub liminal. “And I conceive that there may not only be co-operations between the quasi-independent trains of thought, but also upheavals and al ternations of personality of many, kinds, so that what was once below the surface may for a time, or permanently, rise above it.” We read a book. We pay conscious atten tion to its author’s views. We consciously ponder his meaning. Then we turn to some thing else. Time passes. Much claims our attention. Ex periences crowd in upon us. Consciously we forget a great deal of the book we have read; we may even forget that we have read it. But a part of our mind keeps it in remem brance unknown to us. And, under the influ ence of some favoring association of ideas, there may unexpectedly emerge from that part a distinct recollection of the book read in the long ago. Or, though we consciously forget all about the book, the ideas acquired from it, sinking into the depths of our mind, may influence our behavior unawares. So that they may gradually change our character, for better or for worse as the case may be. That is what the subconscious is—our mind’s secret storehouse and workshop. But, most emphatically, it is not a different mind from the one with which we consciously learn and recall and reason. There are never two minds in a man. Al ways there is only one—always mind is a unity, with different compartments, if you please, and remarkable powers of interchange between the different compartments, but essen tially one and indivisible. (Copyright, 1920, by the Associated Newspapers.) IN MANY LANDS THE FLORIDA KE?S Thousands of Americans at this time of the year are taking the only ocean trip which can be made on a railroad train. They are going to Key West byway of the line which runs through the Atlantic ocean on an embankment ■ built from one to another of those tiny islands' known as the Florida Keys. As you ride along this remarkable railroad.' you can look out the window and down into 1 the clear shallow water and see great schools' of fish playing near thte surface, and deeper) down you can glimpse now and then the ' shadowy form of a small shark. On either side of you reaches way to the horizon a vast expanse of brilliant Five water, dotted with | Islands, which vary in sw.e from a fraction o :m acre, to perhaps a qurrter of a feunre m '.e. Tbev are low and flat -nd C'’?r'i with i-r- - ring i : ■ : a j . .- i < ivr • warn • V -Us and t! ;i* a <>!' or ro - al palms lifts z leathery silhouette. Occasionally, SUGAR —By Frederic J. Haskin A LABOR PARTY By Dr. Frank Crane A certain part of the labor forces want to form a labor party. They are moved, of course, by the consideration that by so doing they will advance the interests of the laboring people and their organizations. At first blush it would seem a good move. But the first blush is wrong, as first and un considered impulses usually are. A party is not the means by which any im provement in government can be secured, any moral issue furthered or any other end reached for the common good. All such progress has been made by non partisan efforts and propaganda. After it got going the party stepped on and rode. This is not argument. It is history. The abolition agi tation, for instance, antedated the Republican party. The most conspicuous recent instance of this kind, however, is the story of prohibition. The profound conviction in this cause some years ago took the form of a prohibition party, it had presidential candidates, conventions and everything. But after a while the dry leaders had sense enough to see that this plan was futile, and becoming less effective every four years. They changed tactics’, dropped the party idea, organized the Anti-Saloon league, took to pledging candidates of both the old parties— and won hands down. These same shrewd tactics have been fol lowed by Mr. Gompers and have been con spicuously successful. The labor organizations have ten times more power now, more influ ence on legislation, than they would have had if they had, ten years ago, formed a labor party, antagonized everybody and striven to elect a president. The Socialist party has been, on the whole, a bad thing for Socialism. The reason for all this is that our two po litical parties are, under the practical condi tions as they exist, not moral or altruistic bodies at all. They are functionings purely of self-interest, desire for office and power. They are like the soulless giants Fasolt-and Fafner. The thing to do, if any group has a moral im pulse it wishes to carry out, is to control suf ficient members of both parties. That is what .the Prohibitionists did. That is the Gompers policy. And it is a deal more hard-headed and effectual than forming a new party. Third party folks are ingenuous souls who believe the pleasing fiction that a party is an ideal or conscientious thing; it is not; it is an utterly practical thing; moral impulses must originate outside of it. A political party is an organization func tioning directly to get its candidates into office; what moral force it has is entirely indirect and operative through these candidates as individ uals. That is why a political platform is usually* a joke and a non-partisan organization to influ ence public opinion, such as the labor unions and the Anti-Saloon league, is very effective. (Copyright, 1920, by Frank Crane.) QUIPS AND QUIDDITIES A returned soldier and his sweetheart called on a justice of the peace and asked him to marry them. The justice married them, and, apparently satisfied with his work, he said to Vic: “Salute the bride.” For an instant the) groom was flustered. Then he took two steps' to the rear, came to distinct halt, clicked his ! heels together, and gave Mrs. Vic one of the “doughboys’ finest.” “Oh, well. I guess that will have to do,” sighed the justice as he signed t he certificate. a little shack is glimpsed, and few sails are' seen in the distance, but for the most part the region is a wilderness of blue water, white sand and b w-growing jungle—a winderness that you world love to e?:"lore in a small bort. Os lie you see little. Now a d then white j ’erks c ib’srr. r?' fr«—. the i-’a-d": ; tree; d ' civ _• v ; : i the t:" 1 n. er i • ;; : i iw _., " is 1 -gs in L ne.-. ' V ■■■ > I r th; i. jst part,! .iience and sunlight own the place. ( manufacturers, on the other hand, did no guessing at all. They had to have sugar at any price in order to stay in business, and they bought all they could get, with the re sult that prices steadily mounted until today they are at a level that would have staggered the Cuban imagination five years ago. The present crop is estimated at about four and a half million tons by H. A. Himely, an agent for American refiners, who has the reputation of guessing every year within one or two per cent what the crop will be. This is nearly half a million tons more sugar than Cuba produced last year. Mr. Himely ad mits, however, that the crop may be reduced by labor troubles, which are the bane of Cuban business just now. Except insofar as it is interrupted by strikes and revolutions, a steady increase in the Cuban sugar crop is expected. Stimulated by high prices, which promise to last for some time, Cuba will prob ably produce in the next few years fifty per cent more sugar than it is now producing. It is doubtful whether the capacity of the island will make it possible for the increase ever to go much beyond that. The prosperity which sugar has brought to the island is widespread and much in evi dence. Everyone who raised any sugar cane, from President Menocal, who recently sold one of his great sugar estates for nine million dollars, to the little fellow operating on a few acres of rented land, has made more money than he ever dreamed of making. This pros perity has naturally extended to the mer chants, and to almost all other classes of busi ness. Trade, especially in luxuries, is very brisk. A manufacturer of high-grade walking sticks down there from New York on a selling trip, reports that he is selling a thousand dol lars’ worth of goods to merchants who never before took more than three hundred dollars worth. And the demand is for ornate canes, with gold, silver and amber heads. A local merchant bought canes for fifteen dollars apiece, and immediately placed them on sale at thirty-five dollars. “You are a profiteer,” the manufacturer told him. “I give them what they want,” he replied. “If I marked those canes twenty dollars they wouldn’t look at them.” A thriving business is also being done in automobiles, with which Habana is literally running over. Big touring cars painted in very bright colors and jitneys elaborately up holstered in stamped leather are the favorite types. Much building is also going forward, stim ulated by very high rents. An especially prosperous class are the colonos, or countrymen, who own sugar land but no mills. It should be explained that a large part of the sugar industry is controlled by a few great concerns which own the mills or centrals and lands in addition. Hitherto the colono has not made much money. Most of the profit on sugar cane at a low price went to the mills which ground it. But now the colono is getting tremendous prices for his cane, and he is not the type of man to con ceal his prosperity. These Cuban country men are emerging from the tall timber in crowds, building themselves houses in Vedado, the fine residence section, riding about in the biggest cars they can buy, loading their women with the jewels which the Cuban so loves. Never have the cases been so bright with flowers and diamonds and the eyes of de lighted senoras and senoritas. Never has the Prado presented such a charming spectacle of life and color as it does now every evening at the hour of the promenade. THE SEMI-WEEKLY EDITORIAL DIGEST A National and Non-Partisan Summary of Leading Press Opinion on Current Questions and Events THOSE WHO DODGED THE DRAFT “Men who willfully or technically or unin tentionally evaded the draft did not obtain absolution when the war ended,” comments the NEW ORLEANS STATES (Dem.) on Secretary Baker’s order for a round-up of those who escaped military service against Germany by violating the selective service act. “Those whose record is not clear,” the STATES adds, “will do well to prepare their defenses, if they have any.” The war department’s figures show that altogether 325,265 men violated the draft ‘law*, at least in a technical sense. But 151,- 354 of these cases have been set aside as “non-willful,” as it is shown that the men affected had already joined the colors volun tarily or were otherwise excusable. There re mains 173,911 cases classed as “willful,” and the government proposes to run them down. It seems like a large number, but as the BUFFALO EVENING NEWS (Rep.) points out, “considering the great number of young Americans that were involved in the draft, the number of willful slackers was compara tively small Nor will that number stand,” the NEWS goes on, “for many youths so list ed found their way into the service without knowledge of their draft boards. The final count may show no more than 100,000.” All of the names will be published, and thus innocent suspects will have a chance to clear themselves. Those who fail to do so will be apprehended and court-martialed, if possible. “The prosecutions will emphasize a dogged quality of the federal government which has given wrongdoers no end of grief,” says the SEATTLE POST-INTELLIGENCER (Ind. Rep.), and continues: “During the war the news dispatches con tained reports from draft evaders’ colonies in Mexico from time to time. . . . When the armistice was signed and it appeared that there would be no more fighting these exiles drifted back to the country they would not defend. They came back from Canada and from various places of concealment, cheerfully confident that their troubles were over. Their error lies in misjudging the govern mental memory which is aided by the perma nent record in Washington.” The PHILADELPHIA PRESS (Rep.) sees a danger that merely technical offenses will be too severely punished: “While it will doubtless be necessary,” it says, “to impose impressive punishment on draft dodgers whose guilt is incontestably proved, it is to be hoped, and it is highly probable, that those who sit in judgment on the cases will make all possible allowance for innocent, if unexcusable, ignorance, as opposed to malevolent sloth. It will also be one of their immediate duties to clear of dis honor the names of those who died between the dates of registration and induction, and who were erroneously charged with deser tion.’-’ It occurs to the BALTIMORE SUN (Ind. Dem.) to wonder “if 40,000 men should be jailed under these proceedings, is there prison room enough to accommodate them?” and the SUN suggests that “in view of the fact that many ‘conscientious objectors’ were released from prison with a bonus and an apology, it might be wiser to enter a general ‘non pros.’ against these slackers.” But with such a pol icy the HOME SECTOR, published by A. E. F. men, has no sympathy. “These men skulked while others were suffering, and jus tice and respect for the law demand that they be made to suffer now.” THE ARMY AIRPLANE “SCANDAL'* “The favorite congressional sport is in quiry, and the score is always a tie,” says the TERRE HAUTE TRIBUNE (Ind.), re ferring to the house investigation into air craft production during the war. “The ma jority of the committee finds the administra tion guilty of a ‘riot of waste.’ The minor ity finds the majority’s report to be ‘intem perate, biased and cituperative, and exag geration of alleged mistakes and misstate ments.’ ” ' But the SUN AND NEW YORK HERALD (Ind.) favors the majority report. “It cost us $1,051,000,000 and uncounted lives for feited unnecessarily to put 243 observation planes in Europe in nineteen months,” says the SUN, and adds that the report “confirms the worst reports of inefficiency, waste and failure in our war effort to turn out air planes with which to fight the Germans.” “Yet with this humiliation fresh in our minds,” the same authority continues, “we are plunging into fresh humiliation through our present treatment of aviation Congress has already allowed our navy and army aeronautical establishment to sink, if CURRENT EVENTS OF INTEREST Several prominent generals and admirals accused by the allies of war crimes issued a declaration which, while reiterating their re fusal to appear before a foreign court, ex presses willingness of the men to go to trial before a German judge in Berlin in whose fairness they declare their confidence. The signers of the declaration are General Erich Ludendorff, former first quartermaster gen eral; Admiral von Tirpitz, former minister of the navy; General Erich von Falkenhayn, former chief of staff; Field Marshal von Kluck, Admiral von Schroeder, and numerous other generals and admirals. A German judge, the declaration asserts, will proceed according to German law. “We will only submit to a trial conducted in ac cordance with these principles, but now that we know what the enemy accuses us of we expect our trial will be immediately carried out for the preservation of the Germans hnd their own honor,” the document continues. “We declare that we are prepared to assume full responsibility for all commands issued to our subordinates.” The Freeman’s Journal, Dublin, refers to the new Irish bill as “a proposal for the plun der and partition of Ireland,” and charac terizes it‘as.“a thievish measure.” “Ireland’s one sentence on this dishonest scheme,” the paper adds, “will be ‘Away with it.’ ” Reserved comment is made on the Irish Home Rule bill by the Belfast Unionist press. The Northern Whig hails the bill’s recogni tion of the distinction between Ulster and the remainder of Ireland as a considerable step forward, and says it is one likely to influence any future legislative attempts in Ireland. The Irish News condemns the measure as not having a “single redeeming feature.” According to a dispatch from Paris. The examination of Joseph Caillaux on the charge of having had treasonable dealings with the Germans and conspiring to bring about a dis honorable peace wa resumed a few days ago. The questions dealt with the relations of Cail laux with 8010 Pasha, shot at Vincennes in April. 1918, after being convicted of treason, and Pierre Lenoir, shot in October. 1919, after being found guilty of having held in telligence with the enemy. Caillaux said he had met M. Duval, direc ror of the newspaper Bonnet Rouge, who was executed in July, 1918, only once. His rela t’ons with Miguel Almereyda. editor of the Co-net Rouge, vho was sentenced to five impri: in connection with the cf.co. ar. fl who cUc-l mysteriously in pi"-'”, according to Cai’Uux. were slight. Concom n- Bo o, Cailk ux told of frequent meetings with him at luncheons and dinners not into insignificance, into a condition per ilously close to insignificance.” The PORTLAND OREGONIAN (Ind. Rep.) finds that although the committee “divid ed on political lines,” nevertheless “there is a bundle of humiliating and damaging facts and the conclusion is unavoidable that the whole aircraft venture was a sorry fail ure.” Democratic papers reach a contrary con clusion. “In their unscrupulous partisanship and perversion of facts the two Republican members have sought to produce a campaign I document which reflects severely on their 1 own sense of honor and decency,” declares the NEW YORK WORLD (Dem.), and the NEW YORK TIMES (Ind. Dem.) thinks it “doubtful if the committee discovered any thing of importance not to be found in the report of Mr. Hughes, which was as just as it was temperate, thorough and dignified.” The SPRINGFIELD (Ohio) NEWS (Dem.) says this: “As a matter of fact government statis tics show more than 11,000 airplanes were turned out during the progress of the war, of practically the same type as used by the allies. . . . Under stress of conditions some mismanagement may have entered in here and there. Nothing is perfectly done when great problems crave attention simulta neously.’ The MANCHESTER MIRROR (Dem.) re fers to the Frear committee as a “sub-‘smell ing’ committee to find out why the world war was won under a Democratic adminis tration,” and at the same time the IDAHO STATESMAN (Rep.) thinks “the public has decided that the majority report Is partisan and unfair in its sweeping condemnations and that the minority report is partisan and unfair because it can see no ground for cen sure.” On the other hand, the BOSTON POST (Ind. Dem.) insists on our “absolute useless ness in the air, that necessitaed squander ing over a billion dollars in frantic efforts to each up,” and declares hat “there must never again be such aviation humiliation as was ours at that time. That should be a lesson for all time to come, and congress should provide for the aeronautic needs of the country with the full confidence that the nation is able and ready to pay the bill. Our place is to lead in aviation.” America's Closed Pocketbook “Pertinax,” the widely quoted writer in the ECHO DE PARIS, comments bitterly on the recent statement of Secretary Glass con cerning the policy of credits to Europe. He declares that “the authorities at Washing ton, miffed over the nosuccess of their four teen points, have echoed the threat pre viously made by Ray Stannard Baker, head of the American Press Bureau at Paris, when he learned that Europe was likely to repudiate the Wilson principles: ‘We will withdraw our troops and our money, and leave Europe to stew in her own juice.’ ” The same tone is taken by Jacques Bainville in the Royalist organ L’ACTION FRAN CAISE: “America,” he says,, “shuts her pocketbook and abandons Europe—friends and enemies alike —to suffering and chaos.” A League to Keep the Diplomats Quiet The NEUE PESTER JOURNAL, Budapest, sees as many causes for war in the condition produced by the Peace Treaties as there were in 1914. “Let the League of Nations rather be a league to keep the diplomats quiet,” it says; “the peoples themselves have never wanted war.” The same paper considers that the pro posed American reservations “deprive the League of all reality,” and it foresees al liances just as in the old days. . The FRANKFORT ZEITUNG, reviewing the political program of the new French premier, M. Mlllerand, says it does not differ greatly from that of Clemenceau. It says Millerand does not apparently attach much importance to the League of Nations, but trusts more to armaments and the old pol icy of alliances. A Balkanized Treaty Writing in the semi-official NEUE FREIE PRESS, Vienna, of the hesitation of the United States to ratify the treaty, Dr. Georg Gothein says “it is small wonder that the Americana hesitate to interfere in such a Balkanized Europe.” in his own home and at the residence of 8010. He considered 8010 innocent of the accusations against him and treated him af fectionately, even while under suspicion early in 1917. He severed relations with 8010 only when telegrams from the United States were received. , A bronze sacrificial wine vessel modeled in the form of a standing ox sold in the auc tion of the Bischoff collection at the Amer ican Art association to Long Sang Ti, a cel ebrated Chinese, for S3OO. The vessel, which dates from the remote Hau period, was dec orated with an inlaid silver ornament throughout. King George, Queen Mary and a number of members of the royal family attended the christening of the son of Commander Alex ander and his wife, formerly Princess Pa tricia of Connaught, at the Chapel Royal, London, recently. The water used in chris tening the infant was drawn from the River Jordan by the Duke of Connaught when the British crossed the river in the advance of 1917. During a recent snowstorm the famous tree named “El Butini,” in the Garden of Gethsemane, was blown down. According to tradition this tree would fall when tfte Turkish Empire fell. Twice it was bound round with iron braces to prevent it from falling. The occurrence has impressed the population. Sir William Orpen, the distinguished ar tist, of London, has refused an offer of 1, 000,000 pounds for painting 300 portraits, which is said to have been made him by' an American. “It is quite true the offer of 1,000,000 pounds to paint portraits came to me from America,” Sir William said recent ly in confirming the report, according to the Daily Mirror. To complete such a contract, how’ever, would take far more than the or dinary lifetime. It might take as long as 300 years. Sir William will be in America this fall on business. The revolutionary forces in Honduras, ac cording to an official dispatch from Tegu cigalpa, the capital, and the war supplies in the hands of the rebels, were taken from these towns. The revolutionists have not announced any program, nor have they proclaimed any candidate for the presi dency of the Republic, so the dispatch says. Employment has been found for more than 0,000,000 men and women by the United States employment service since its organization in January, 1918.