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V'd fata) and ruinous. But it shone a* r : d tie stern scf war, a beacon light, to concentrate and guide us onward in th? j rtl. cf glory and honor. »G flirt ot heroes, fav'rite of the skies, ’lu ». n.d urt.ad toil, thy country bade * thee list! ’Twas thine to change the sweetest scenes of life For ptib-iic cares—to guide the embat tl'd s'lrtfe— Unnumner'd ibsofevery kind to dare — The winters blast, the summer’s sul liy air. The lurking dagger—and the turbid! storms, - Os wasting war, with death in all his; forms Nor aught could daunt unspeakably! serene, j Thy conscious soul smil’d o’er the dreadful scene."" Ilis a hard task to decide whether rhe mirtial and chivalrous deeds of this illusfi ious man, as a warrior in the field of battle, or his consummate ability in the cabinet, as a statesman and politici ze, deserve most of his country’s praise and gratitude. Our political sove reignty and independence,are the fruits of his toil and labor in the camps of war, and our civil prosperity and hap piness, the fruits of his services and a- Lility in the cabinet as a statesman and politician. In each, he was George Washington still, and there Was none other to rival him. Wherever his country’s need required his services,his individu il interest was always absorb ed in the predominant passion of his bo aorn, love of country. In his adminis xralion as the bead cfour government, lie knew no favorite sectional interest, nor party. The object el his regard Ur section of it was extensive enough to fill Lis enlarged patriotism. In the selection of his cabinet; he sought men fit to fill offices, and not as is rather fa shionable in our days t>i improved poli ce, offi es to suit men. But praise in language is too puerile and sycophantic to express bis worth, when the face of ii powerful & extensive country, beam ing with prosperity and happiness, claims him as its author. Under his command our united ar mies, after eight years struggle, toil & bloodshed, achieved the Independence of America, and drove from its limits the invading foe, which had so long liarraA.-e.il. and Yorktown the final victory was obtain ed. which blasted with one fell swoop, all the tyrant’s sanguine hopes of con quest, and piaced its country on a stand of elevation in the political world, which mure than compensated for al! the heart rending scenes of woe and desolation, which wreckless and savage 1 cruelty heaped upon her,in the days of h'er dismal gloom and fearful darkness. Too world acknowledged her indepen dence; and proud and haughty Eng land was constrained to follow the ex «mpie—to stoop so low, as to send em- Lttssadors io meet oir equal terms our own. and sutler herself bound to the observance of treaties, which site dares not now infringe. Our Country having established its Independence and peace, by the glo rious termination of its Revolt!' ion,new and almost insurmountable difficulties' . ntrain present themselves. Tne whole Cnmrtrv fa in a situ ition of fearful an archy and Confusion. A government is to be esiabhstred, which must secure happiness at home, and command re-1 pnarf abroad, or all their toil through ! n Inn? revolution was in vain. Tne j Colonie's had experienced tot? much op pi-poflinn and pervertion of power, un-| Jor a monarch v,which was at J th”t time the most hmited in power,of! rl| En-nnenn Governments; and they | d-ne not chthe any ohe in tne robes ofj -wilfr. 'Vith one voice they deman a rrnvAr;. , m°nt, formed on a free ren rnZe>it n tivn has’*,which should be « n t, S o rv ;on( fn the Wi.Uand interests oi thp noon! z '. Th° t’vrteep state’, which info articles of confpderation,fo>'a Hen, government,whrih. confertng but little noHmr on the Notional government, and almas tevery inch nf that disputed in i’" oxreHse, proved too defective & weak for the general prosperity of the ennunfrv, ocn'’r.H|y in its commercial & foreign That phn proving abortive, ’n’nfliomnt to accomplish the ftnds of* i's form-i'inn, Was abandon e and the present svstem of govern ment was proposed. & at length adopt <• 1.-io I under it’s benign influence, un paralleled in Ifsf'vy, bn- been our in rreasing niosperily and strength ever 8 i!sadoption. Andean wc now, f 11-»w citizens. re gard with f.elings of unconcern, the protection and hapoinpea which that govorurwent has afforded us all our live*, when, with an uncertain hone of ficrpss, our ancestors through toil snd d '■•-ro-. the blrom of theirs with but a feint Lope to secure us the iuhe- piumcut They pledged their lives, J their fortunes and their sacred honor, i to transmit to us, liberty, free and un shackled by foreign restriction, or to die on the ‘‘bed of honor,” in the glo rious struggle. Patriots will hold the boon inestimable. It is an inheritance to which they will cling and defend, with no less ardor than it was obtain ed. Under its influence and protecti on, We have ascended high the scale of wealth and prospeiity at home, and respect abroad; and not only at.this time do we occupy 7 an elevated stand iin the political world) but we bid fair |at some future day, to transcend the i proudest government on earth. Our I strength and resources at home are in i exhaustible, and our navy commands i respect and esteem, wherever we ex ■ tend our commerce. England will ' soon find in her once oppressed and de- I fenceless Colonies, a rival power on the ; ••briny deep,” where, hitherto she has wielded almost undisputed sway and dominion. She now looks with jea lousy on the splendid and unexampled career of national glory and renown, which her “disobedient offspring” seem destined to run; & beholds with regret, the unbounded confidence and respect, which they command from all. the potentates of Europe. She justly I considers herself the object of bitter repro.ach.from all monarchical and des potic governments, for being the cause by her oppression, of constraining an oppressed people to throw off the “gau dy trappingsand ensigns of monarchy 7 )” and erect in their stead a free and re publican form of government, which from its prosperity and happiness, dif fuses a spirit of liberty throughout the civilized world, that brooks restraint, and threatens an end to all other forms of government. Our civil and political ■msFromoir?, rransmi r eveh~beyotiTthe Atlantic; a spirit of freedom which guaid's every encroachment of power on the liberty of the subject, and cre ates the strongest barrier to despotic and usurped power. To sustain their crumbling fabrics,they must govern with justice and execute in mercy; and they exercise no act of usurpation, but at he peri) of their own existence. Our example and success have formed in mankind ideas of freedom more perfect, and nothing will restrain the exercise of their natural right of selfgovern neiit, but mild and conciliatory mea sures of government. In the first dawn of tyranny, they will hold forth to the .O' r„Lr.. fhr. Cr <■» arl o rv-> jtnzl happiness of the New World, and de mand for themselves art extension of equal liberty.and respect to their natu ral right?." They see here in our insti tutions a splendid exemplification of the fact, that communities form a gov ernment, not for their oppression, but for their protection and convenience; and invest it with those powers alone, which are absolutely necessary to ac complish the ends of its formation; re serving to themselves all the natural right, w hich is not inconsistent with the very existence of a government. To suppose the origin of governments dif ferent from this, would be sa ire on (he common itense of margin Whom, jealous feelings of liberty, are by nature en grafted. Kings and tyrants may here learn that they should not by birth in herit power, but on the other hand, subjects should inherit liberty—that governments were not erected fortheir individual promotion' and aggrandize ment, and they destined by nature to wield a sceptic of absolute powsr over life and liberty, but for the protection and happiness of its creators. They created and defined its powers, before anyone acquired the right to rule them under them, and Consequently the limi tation and construction of its powers reside in them, and not in the govern ment or its ofificeis; and whenever it L transcends the powers conferred; the right of resistance is a natural right, aria it must crumble. A chasm in American history would be left, which nothing else con'd occu py, were we to pass by this occasion without mentioning the name of An drew Jackson. Whatever are, or may have been his errors, for on earth none are immaculate, may his lamp of .existive extinguish in peace' &. quiet,al a day yet distant,& may he finally meet the reward oi his virtues in heaven. Let us now, fellow-citizens, retire from this occasion, with a deep and so lemn conviction of the duties which de volve upon us. AU this prosperous &,i extensive country, this unrestrained &J glorious liberty, these benign instituti ons, are our inheritance. Ours to en joy, preserve, and transmit to future generations. Tne example of our an cestors, encourage and urge us onward in the path ol’d ity ; the claims of pos terity,ns from the bosom of the future, strengthen and increase the obligation. With America it canrot be denied, but j that a new and important era has com ! rnenced. Republican and popular re : presentative forms of government, after . having slumbered fur centuries,through the dark and dismal ages of superstiti on and tyranny, are again resuscitated in America, and breath a spirit of im proved and purer freedom. That spi rit originating here, has gone forth to the Nations of the earth, as an emana tion from heaven; and it will not re- its fruit. The eyes of the wot Id are intensely gazing on us, and it is for us to convince them, whe ther such a government as olirs, consi dered heretofore as only a frantic visi on of theorists, too perfect and delicate in its, sjstem for practical illustration, can be carried out with success. May all the most sanguine anticipations oi its framers, be realized; the blood of our ancestors, may it not have been shed in vain; the great hope of poste rity; let it not be blasted forever! ' From the Natchitoches May 23. TEXAS. At the request of a gentleman, a res ident bf Texas, of high character and ; known abilities, and upon whosestate i ments we place implicit reliance, we ; publish the following letter from Col. Peter Ellis Bean, to Gov. Cass, Secre tary ofWar of the United Slates, dated ’ Feb. 24, 1835, together with the intel , licence which accompanies it. | ° N. O. Bulletin. Nacogdoches, Texas, 24th keb. 1835. Gov. Lewis Cass, Secretary of War. Sin:—As military commander of the North Eastern frontier o’/ the United Mexican States, it has beconie a ac cessary and painful duty devolving up on me to apprise jou of facts, which are not in accordance with the Treaties and the very amicable relations eXi.st-1 iug between the two sister republics ot; the United States of America, and the United Mexican States. Which facts I trust you will fee! bound to present to tlie President that he may be enabled 1 to interpose his authority with the a- ’ gents under his control; and redeem ' this government from an evil, which is I not only an encroachment upon its ter ritory, but must endanger its citizens < in their property, as well as their lives, s In the treaty concluded at the city 1 of Mexico, on the sth of April, 1831, < provision was made in the XXXIlid ] Article; that annoyances and intrusions < of all kinds by the Indians within the 1 two republics should reciprocally be 1 prevented. By reference to the treaty '■ and article cited, you will percieve ; that “both parties l-ind themselves to • restrain by force all hostilities and in r*il_rtij/tna -xxil-i-lxn* poet zaT fhn _J tions; living within their respective ’ boundaries,” &c. ft cannot be dodbt- i ed but the object of this article was to c prevent, r.ot only the evils which might ( result to the inhabitants of the two ( countries, but also to prevent the incur- i szo'ris or location of any of the tribes, or i nations residing within the bounds of t one of the contracting parts, upon lands I claimed and owned by the other. I Inctfrsions must necessarily precede ( location, and if the letter of the Trea- i ty were complied with, and preserved t from intraction, the grounds of this 1 communication would be obviated. ( Within a short time past, several i hundred Choctaw Indians have passed 1 from Natchitoches in the Unite 1 States t and located themselves in the midit of 1 (he Settlements within this municipal!- j ty,and not more than twenty-five miles 1 distant (rom this place, and bring with I (hem the assurance that many more, of t their tribe considered a similar location, i I have satisfactory assurance that not ; less than seven hundred have located I themselves in Texas within the present i month. Nor is this the only just ground I of serious and unpleasant apprehensions ; to be anticipated by the citizens of the United States of Mexico. A short time since several chiefs of Cosharta Indians, accompanied by two white ; men from East Florida, passed thro’ this place from an incursion as far ; south as the Brasgos, and declared the i intention of the chiefs to remove to ‘his ; province within the present spring ; to bring several tribes of Indians vrith I them from the Creek nation located in ; Florida, within the United States of i America. The mutual faith of the two repub- 1 lies being pledged upon the subjects ot < this address cei tainly renders it a mat- I ter of much delicacy, and I should be : wanting in respect for my own govern- < ment, if 1 could even suspect that the President or his immediate functiona ries of the United States, could have either permilted or connived at the j tresspass which has taken place upon (he territoryof the republic of Mexico. It is nevertheless true, that these In- by a military post of the United States (Fort Jessup) on their way to the Sabine, where they enter ed Texas. The route pursued by the Choctaws from Natchitoches was most manifestly different from that which they must have pursued in reaching the country assigned to them on the east side of’ the Red river, and within the territoryof your government. By this early and sincere application to • the United Slates government, it is I requested that such measure may be - adopted by that government, in its - characteristic good faith, as will ;ot > only’prevent all future “incursions,” but - also to order that those already within this province should be presently re moved to the lands assigned to them , by the United States. I flatter myself • with the present existing treaties,and the otherwise friendly relations sub sisting between the two government, and their, citizens; that the President of the United States will feel bounds from his elevated political, as well as moral character, to arrest and prevent the intentions of the tribe or tribes of the Creek Indians, from any and all contemplated “incursions” into the territories of Mexico, and particularly of this province. The consequences to its w'hite inhabitants may piove of a character not only disastrous to them, but such as would claim the considera tion of every humane and honorable breast. , . You will at once perceive, from the nature of my situation, that my im mediate duty will be to apprise my government of the facts, that it may be enabled to understand the exigencies of my command. —God preserve you many years, I have the honor io be your most obedient serv’t, P. E. BEAN. Colonel of Cavalry of the Mexican Re “ Some time within the course of last winter, some five or six chiefs from the old Creek Nation in Georgia, headed Iby Apothl'eydhola, and under the con duct of a white man by the name of Dubois, visited Nacogdoches,'the chief town of th# Eastern Department of Texas. After spending a few days, they were joined by’Benjamin Haw kins, a quadroon Greek, who had re cently emigrated from the Creek na tion, on the Arkansas" river, to Texas. “From Nacogdoches Jhcy commenc ed a trip of exploration, Jowafds the sources of the Sabine and Trinity risers where it seems they were much pleas ed with the country, and concluded to | possess it, if possible. The lands which they selected, were once included in a ; grant made to General Felasola, by Iht j Mexican Government on certain con- { dition'’. none of which have been com j plied w : th on his part, and of course t it is now void. j , “The Grant was to commence fifteen i l.orgiioix,- or» «niX»s - Nacogdoches, and would run north and west for complement. On the return of the Chiefs to Nacogdoches, they < through HavHins, communicated to < Col. Bean a wish to settle in Texas, s when they were promptly assured that j it could iot be done, as it was contrary j to the relations and treaties existing , between the two Republics. Notsatis- f fled with the assurances of Col. Bean ( to the contrary of their wishes, they by f means of Hawkins opened a negbeia- $ ticn with a certain captain Archibald , Hotchkiss; Agent of the New York j Company, who are engaged in colonis- t ing the grants made to Bai nett; Veih- < len and Zavala; under the name and s title of the “Galveston Bay and Texas < land Company.” It appears that Capt. < Hotchkiss and Hawkins agreed to meet ( the chiefs (who in the mean time were | to return home,) at New Orleans, in | the month of April now passed, and ] there to receive from them i and from thence they were to proceed j to Mexico and purchase from General < Felasola, his title to the grant, and < transfer the same to the Indians, who j are to remove there this ensuing fall. ( And in the event of obtaining Felasola’s | right to the grant,the Chiefs are to pay . to Hotchkiss & Hawkins,the addition- < al sum of SBO,OOO, out of the funds of < the Creek Nation. The parties met, j at New Orleans, agreeably to appoint- < ment, when the first instalment was i paid by the Chiefs. Hotchkiss then i changed his route to New York (as is ; believed) for the purpose of seeing the i agent of Gen. Felasola, and purchasing i the grant, that be may complete the i imposition upon the Indians.—Haw- < kins has been guilty, vVe understand, f of many frauds upon his tribe before I he separated from them in Arkansas, i and left them without leave.—A few I days previous to his setting out for < New Orleans, he Was in Nacogdoches, | passed counterfeit notes on the United s States Bank, to the amount of S4OO, i was arrested by the authorities of the , town. 'There being no law in Texas defining the punishment of the crime he agreed to identify the person to whom he had passed the notes, and paid a fine to the Court, rather than confess Irom whom he received the notes. “It it thought that Hawkins has ac companied Hotchkiss to New York, and will be used by him as a catspaw in this nefarious transaction. General Felasola has no right to the grant, the Indians can acquire none; Hotchkiss and ILtkins will doubtless recciva s from them SIOO,OOO, and ' !rnsn * j get nothing in return from it 5 “Should the Indians aitent t possession of the country desck Satea, tfPrseident of the United Stantex. 11 think would be compelled to r? —- ■ i them in an excursion into the tei, va<» i of Mexico, and if he should not, w’ch I assured that the people of Texas if consider it an act cf invasion by the i dians, and put to instant death theh > leaders. As to the.fate of Hotcbkisi and Hawkins, time will develope. It i has been suggested, that it is looked ; upon by the people and authorities of Texas as an act oi treason, and they return, it is possible.theyjnay be sent on to the seat of goefnment for trial; but it is most probable that they will be tried in Texas by an extra-ju dicial tribunal,and receive in sentence. The are certainly guilty of an attempt to violate a treaty, which is the “su preme law of the land,” and conse quently iis violation must be treason.— How far the honest gentlemen refer red to may be enabled to impose on the merchants of New York, defies con jecture. Their return to Texas will be awaited with some anxiety, where an adjustment of all the matters will promptly take place, and measures be adopted to exclude from its borders at least 24,000 Creek Indians. “What has the Secretary of War done in relation to Col. Bean’s letter? It is strange it never has been publish ed. And now what w ill the President of the United States order tj be done? We hope that he will order justice to>. be done, in relation to the people of Texas, for they are bone of our bone and flesh of our flesh; and that he will preserve the national faith, by insuring the execution of all treaty stipulations with Mexico, cahnot be doubted. “It is said that the chiefs of the Old Nation are 30 confident of the success ful issue of the project, that they have sent runners to their Creek friends on the Arkansas to join them during the epproaching autumn, in the country designated; doubtless expecting to maintain themselves by force. It is I the only tight they can acquire, an,d so I soon as they can be expelled, they ,-xiay be assurred it will be done by the people of Texas,’fiotwithstanding the assurances which they may receive from HotchEiss and Hawkinr, who are engaged in the infamous project of swindling the Indians, and annoying for a while the people of Texas.” GRATITUDE OF A CAT. The cat certainly cannot boast hnucEi of its reputation for gratitude; but a correspondent Says, “I have met with some instances Which prove that there is a diversity of character and feelings in cats as well as men. I was on a visit to a friend last summer, who had a favorite cat and dog, that lived toge ther on the best possible terms, eating from the same plate and sleeping on same rug. Puss had a young family while I was at the park, and Fincher paid a daily visit to the kittens, whose nursery was at the top of the house. One morning there was a tremendous stoim of thunder and lightning; Pin cher was in the drawing-room,and the cat was attending her family in the gar ret. Pincher seemed to be considera bly annoyed by the vivid flashes of lightning which continually startled him; and just as he had crept closer to my feet, some one entered the draw ing-room followed by puss, who walk ed in with a disturbed air and mewing withall her might. She came up to Pincher- rubbed her face against his cheek—touched him gently with her paw then walked to the door— stoppod —looked back—mewed—all of which said as plainly as words could have done, ‘Come with me, Pincher;’ but Pincher was too much frightened him self to give any consolation to her, and took no notice of the invitation. The cat then returned and renewed her application with increased energy; but the dog was immoveable, though it was evident that he understood her meaning, for he turned away his head with a half-conscious look, and crept still closer tome; and puss, finding all her entreaties unavailing, then left the room. Soon after this her mewing became so piteous, that I could no long er resist going to see what was the mat ter. 1 met the cat at the top of the stairs, close to the open door of my sleeping apartment. She ran to mt, rubbed herself against me, and then went into the roorn and crept under the wardrobe. 1 then heard two voices, arid discovered that she had brought down one of her kittens and lodged it there for safety; but her fears and cares being so divided between the kittens above and this little one below I suppose she wanted Pincher to watch by this one while she went for the others, for having confided Qiem to my protection she hastened up stairs. I followed her with my young charge, further from the window through which the lightning had flashed so