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m 4 » / vCted. Tlie wanton pillage or un ited appropriation of individual property .army, even in possession ot an enemy s ..frv, is against the usage of modern t'? 1 ® 3 - Such a mode of proceeding at this day would e _ —■ - ~ , <r: ™V”1 coudentfed bv the enlightened judgment ot .ne i lined Stat< s. has laid h-fore the Prestuelit 1 he i vvorW utl!ess warranted hy special circumstance.,. Declaration concerning Maritime Law," adopted j- v consideration which upholds this sentiment A,istrla ‘ in regard to the conduct ot a war on land, favors _ ..p prove 11 ri i ,, . . f lorir.T-nl , hy the Plenipotentiaries of Great Iiritiau. Ansti ■Y 9tl), 1 Cl, the Post-Mas _ ;„„*i i France, Prussia Russia, Sardinia, and Turkey, at Paris, on the 16th of April, 1856, which the Count the Confederate States “is authorized, on and after a day to be named by lmn for that purpose, to take the entire charge and direction of the postal service in the Confederate States,” and all conveyance of mails within their limits from and after such day, except hy authority of the Post Master General thereof, is hereby pro hibited : . Now, therefore, I, .Tolm II. Reagan, Post-Master General of the Confederate States of America, do issue this my Pro clamation, notifying all Post-Masters, Con tractors, .and Special and Route Agents, in the service of the Post-Oflice Depart ment, and engaged in the transmission delivery of the mails, or otherwise in any manner connected with the service within the limits of the Confederate, States of America, that on and after the 1st day of June next, I shall assume the entire con trol and direction of the postal service therein: And I hereby direct all Post- Masters, Route Agents and Special Agents within these States, and now acting under the authority and direction of the Post Master General of the United States, to continue in the discharge of their respec tive unties under the authority vested in me hy the Congress of the Confederate States, in strict conformity with such ex isting laws and regulations ns are not in consistent with the laws and constitution of the Confederate States of America, and such further instructions as may here after he issued by my direction : And the said Post-Masters, Route Agents and Spe cial Agents are also required to forward to this Department, without delay, their names, with the names of the oiHces of which they arc Post-Masters, (giving the State and County,) to be directed to the “Chief of the Appointment Bureau, Post- Office Department, Montgomery, Alaba ma,” io order that new commissions may be issued under the authority of this Government: And all Post-Masters are hereby required to render to the Post- Office Department at Washington, 1). C., their final accounts and their vouchers for postal receipts and expenditures, up to the 31st day of this month, taking care to forward with said accounts all postage stamps and stamped envelopes, remaining on hand, belonging to the Post-Office De partment of the United States in order that they may receive the proper credits therefor in the adjustment of their ac counts ; and they are further required to retain in their possession, to meet the or ders of the Post-Master General in the United States, for the payment of mail service within the Confederate States, all revenue which shall have accrued from the postal service prior to the said 1st day of June next. All Contracts, Mail Messengers, and Special Contractors for conveying the mails within the Confederate States under existing contracts with the Government of the United States, are hereby authorized to continue to perform such service under my direction, from and after the day last above named, subject to such modifications and changes as may he found* necessary, under the powers vested in the Post.-Mas- ter general by the terms of said contracts and the provisions of the second section of an act approved May 9th, 1S61, conforma ble thereto: And the said Contractors, Special Contractors, and Mail messengers, are required to forward, without delay, the number of their route or routes, the nature of the service thereon, the schedules of arrivals and departures, the names of the officers supplied, and the amount of annual compensation for the present service, to gether with their address, directed to the ‘ Chief of the Contract Bureau, Post Office .Department, Montgomery, Alabama. Until aj/ostal treaty shall be made with the Government of the United States for the exchange of mails between that Gov ernment and the Government of this Con federacy, Post-Masters will not be authori zed to collect United States postage on the maii matter sent to or received from those States, and until supplies of postage stamps and stamped envelopes are procured for the repayment of postage within the Con federate States, all postages must be paid in money, under the provisions of the first section of an act approved March 1 st, 1S61. Given under my hand and the seal of the Post-Office Depart- L S. inent of the Confederate States of Ainer ica, at Montgomery, Alabama, tbe 13th day of May, in the year 1861. JOHN H. REAGAN, Post-Master General. Senator Bayard, of Delaware.—This gentleman, a Senator of tbe United States, who lias lately been threatened with mob violence for his political opinions, has pub lished an address to the people of Dela ware. He declares his attachment to the Union, bdt in order to avoid civil war fa vored, in a speech made in March last, a peaceful separation of a part of the Stales from the Union, leaving that l nion un broken as to the greater number, and the Federal Government as the government of a powerful and great nation. Time and progress of events will, he confidently be lieves, vindicate the wisdom of his coun sel. In conclusion he says : I am one of your Representatives in the Senate of the United States, and my term of office does not expire until March, 1863. I view, however, the relation of constituents and representative as one of confidence, and when I am satisfied that civil war carlnot be averted, and find tliat the public sentiment of my State prefers such a result to the peaceful separation of those States which have withdrawn from the Union, I shall cheerfully and gladly resign into vour hands an office which I obtained without solicitation, and which neither my sense of duty nor my self-re spect would permit me to hold when I as certain that 1 differ in opinion with you on so momentous and vital a question as peace or war. It can require but few days after Con gress has assembled to determine whether the last hope of peace has fled, if indeed the hope can linger until then, and before that time I shall become fully satisfied as to your will. r Do not fear that I wilTbe- tray the confidence you have reposed in me, or be capable of misrepresenting that will. If I cannot conscientiously obey your mandate, I will not use the position 1 occupy, as your representative, to pre vent its performance by another agent, lint the right of private opinion and its expression is a personal right, beyond public control. It is secured to every free man under a government of laws alone, or it will end in anarchy or despotism. I have no faith either in the government of the sword or the mob, and shall resist the establishment of either. Moremmt of Troops.—Richmond, May 22.—Gen Bonham’s Booth Carolina Brig ade has been assigned tbe district between Alexandria and Harper’s Ferry, with their f quarters at Manassas Junction. ‘h Carolina Brigade, consisting and Col. Kershaw’s Regi- ’ow in Richmond, will bat post. ohnson has been ap- Harper’s Ferry. Beauregard ia pi hie to insist that be is a ecuuuu,*.. de Sartiges. Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary of France, lias presented, in be half of the Emperor of the French, to the Gov ernment of the United States, for the purpose oi obtaining its adhesion to the principles therein contained. Nearly two years since, the President submitted, not only to the Powers represented in the late Congress at Paris, but to all other maritime nations, the second and third propositions con tained in that ‘ declaration,’’ and asked their as sent to them as permanent principles of inter national law. The propositions thus submitted by the President were : “1. That free ships make free goods—that is to say, that the effects or goods belonging to subjects or citizens of a power or “State at war, are free from capture or confiscation when found on board of neutral vessels, with the exception of articles contraband of war.” “2 That the property of neutrals on board an enemj’s vessel is not subject to confiscation, un less the same be contraband of war” It will bepreceivcd that these propositions are substantially the same as the second and third in. the “declaration,” of the Congress at Paris. Four of the governments with which negotia tions were opened on the subject by tbe United States have signified their acceptance of the fore- goiug propositions. Others were inclined to defer acting-on them until the return of peace should furnish a more auspicious time for considering such intrenational questions Tbe proceedings of the Congress of the Plenipotentiaries at Paris will, as a necessary consequence, defeat the pend ing negotiations with the United States, if the two following propositions contained in protocol No. 24 are acceded to: first, that the tour princi ples shall be indivisable; and, second, that the powers which have signed or may accede to the “declaration” shall not entet into any arrange, meut in regard to the aplication of the right of neutrals in time of war, “which does not, at the same time, rest on the four principles which are the subject of said “declaration.” As the indivisi bility of the four principles and the limitation upon the sovereign attribute of negotiating with other powers are not a part of tne “declaration.” any nation is at liberty to reject either or both, and to act upon the “declaration,” without restriction acceding to it in whole or in part. In deliberating on this important subject, it behooves all powers to consider, and, if they think proper, to act upon this distinction. All the powers which may accede to that‘ declaration" and the subsequent restric tions contained in the 24th protocol, will assume on obligation which takes from them the liberty of assenting to the propositions submitted to them by the United States, uuless they at same time surrender a principle of maritimeiaw which lias never been contested*^be*right to employ privateers in the time of war. 1 he second and third principles set forth in the “declaration” being those submitted to other mari time powers for adoptiou by this Governmentt it is most anxious to see incorporated, by general consent, into the code of maritime law, and thus placed beyond future controversy or question. Such a result, securing so many advantages to the commerce of neutral uatiuns, might have been reasonably expected but tor the proceedings of the Congress at Paris, which require them to be purchased by a too costly sacrifice—the surrender of a right which may well be considered as es sential to the freedom of the seas. The fourth principle contained in the “declara tion,” namely: Blockades, in order to be binding must be effective ; that is to say, maintained by a force sufficient really to prevent access to the coast of ,'lic enemy t” can hardly be regarded as one falling within that class with which it was the object of Congress to iuteifere; tor this rule has not, for a longtime, been regarded as uncertain, or the cause of any “deplorable disputes.” If there have been any disputes in regard to block ades, the uncertainty was about the facts, but not the law. Those nations which have resorted to what are appropriately denominated “paper block ades,” have rarely, if ever, undertaken to justify their conduct upon principle; bnt have generally admitted the illegality of tho practice, and indem- uifiedthe injured parties. What is to be adjudged “a force sufficient really to prevent access to a coast of the enemy,” has often been a severely contested question : and certainly the “declara tion,” which generally reiterates a general undis puted maxim of maritime law, does nothing to wards relieving the subject of blockade from that embarrassment What force is requisite to con stitute an effective blockade, remains as unsettled and as questionable as it was before the Congress at Paris adopted the “declaration.’' In regard to the right to employ privateers, which is declared to be abolished by the first prin ciple put forth in the “declaration,” there was, if possible, less uncertainty. The right to lesort to privateers is as clear as the right to use public arnn j ships, and as incoutestihle as any other right appertaining to beligereuts. The policy of that law has been occasionally questioned, not, however, by the best authorities; hut the law itself has been universally admitted, and most nations have not hesitated to avail themselves of it; it is as well sustained by practice and public opinion as any other to be found in the maritime qode. There is scarcely any rule of international law which particular nations in their treaties have not occasionally suspended or modified in regard to its application to themselves. Two treaties, only, can be found in which the contracting parties have agreed to abstain from the employmant of priva teers in. case of war between them. The first was a treaty between the king of Sweden and the States Genaral of the United Provinces, in 167*7. Shortly after it was concluded the parties were involved in war, and the stipulation concerning privateers was disregarded by both. The second was the treaty of 1785, between the United States and the King of Prussia. When this treaty was renewed, in 1799, the clause stipulating not to re sort to privateering was ommitted. For the last half century there has been no arrangements, hy treaty or otherwise, to abolish the right, until the recent proceedings of the Plenipotentiaries at Paris. By taking the subject of privateering into con- the application of the same rule to the persons and property of citizens ot belligerents found upon tbe ocean. , . . It is fair to presume that the strong desire to ameliotate the severe usages of war by exempting tbe private property upon the oceau from hostile seizure to the extent it.is usually exempted »n land, was the chief inducement- which led to the “declaration” by the Congress at Paris, that “pri vateering is, ana remains abolished.” The undersigned is directed by the President to say, that to this principle of exempting private property upon the ocean, as well as upon the land, applied without restriction, he yields a most ready and willing assent. The undersigned can not better express the President’s views upon the subject than by quoting the language of_his an nual message to Congress. December 4, lbo4 : “The proposition to enter into engagement to force a resort to privateers, in ease this country should be forced into a war with a great naval power, is not entitled to more favorable conside ration than would be a proposition to agree not to accept the services of volunteers for operations on laud. When the honor and rights of our country require it to assume a hostile attitude, it confident ly relies upon the patriotism of its citizens, not ordinarily devoted to the military profession, to augm-nt the army and navy, so as to make them fully adequate to the emergency which calls them into action. The proposal to surrender the right to employ privateers is professedly founded upon the principle that property ol unoffending non- combatants, though enemies, should be exempt from the ravages of war; but the proposed sur render goes but iittle way in carrying out “that principle, which equally requires that such pri vate property should not be seized or molested by national ships of war. Should the leading powers of Europe concur in proposing, as a rule ot inter national law to exempt private property upon the ocean from seizure by public armed cruisers as well as by privateers, the United States will readily meet them upon that broad ground.” The reasons in favor of the doctrine that private property should be exempted from seizure in the’ operations of war are considered in into enlight ened age so controlling as to have secured its par tial adoption by all civilized nations ; Ijpit it would be difficult to find any substantial reasons for .the distinction now recognized in its application to such property on .and, and not to that which is found upon the ocean. If it be tbe object of the declaration adopted at Paris to abolish this distinction, and to give the same security from the ravages o' war to the prop erty of belligerent subjects on llie ocean, as is now accorded to such property upon the land, the Congress at Paris lias fallen short of the proposed result) by not placing individual effects of bellig erents beyond the reach of public armed ships as well as privateers. If such property is to remain exposed to seizure by ships belonging to tlie navy •of the adverse party, it is extremely difficult to perceive why it should riot, in like mariner, be ex posed to seizure by the privatgers, Vliich are in fact but another branch of the public force of tbe nation commissioniug them. If the prinriple of capturing private property on the ocean and condemning it as prize of war, b» given up, that property would and of right ought to be as soenre from molestation by public aimed vessels as by privateers ; but if that principle bo adhered to. it would be worse than useless to at tempt to confine the exercise of the right of cap ture to any paiticular description of the public force of the belligerents. There is no sound prin ciple by which such a distinction can lie sustained; no capacity w hich could trace a definite line of separation proposed to bo made; and no propet tribunal to which a disputed question on that sub ject could be referied for adjustment. The pre tence that the distinction may be supported upon the ground that ships not belonging permanently to a regular navy are more likely to disregard the lights of neutrals than those which do belong to such a navy, is not well sustained by modern ex perience. If it Be urged that a participation in the prizes is calculated to stimulate cupidity, that, as a peculiar objection, is removed by the fact that the same passion is addressed by the distribution of prize money among the officers and crews of ships of a regular navy. Every nation which authorizes privateers is as responsible for their conduct as it is for that of its navy, and will, as a matter of prudence, take proper precaution and security against abuses. But if such a distinction were to be attempted, it would be very difficult, if not impracticable, to define the particular class of the public maritime force which should fie regarded as privateers.— “Deplorable disputes,”more, in number and more difficult of adjustment, would arise from an at tempt to discriminate between privateers and pub lic armed ships. If such a discrimination were attempted, every nation would have an undoubted right to declare what vessels should constitute its navy, and what should be requisite to give them the character of public armed ships. These matters could not be safely or prudently left to the determination or supervision of any foreign pow er, yet the decision of such controversies would naturally fall into tho hands of predominant naval pow. rs which would have the ability to enforce their judgments. It cannot be offensive to urge weaker powers to avoid as far as possible such an arbitrament, and to maintain with firmness every existing barrier, against encroachments from such a quarter. No nation which has a due sense of self-respect will allow any other, belligerent or neutral, to de termine the character of the force which it may deem proper to use in prosecuting hostilities : nor will it act wisely it it voluntarily surrenders tho right to resort to any means, sanctioned by inter national law, which, under any circumstances, may be advantageously used for defenffe or aggres sion. The United States consider powerful navies and large standing armies, as permanent establish ments. to be detrimental to national prosperity and dangerous to civil liberty. Ti e expense of keep ing them up is burdensome to the people; they are, in the opinion of this government, in some degree a menance to peace among nations. A urge force ever ready to be devoted to the purpo ses of war, is a temptation to rush into it. The policy of the United States lias ever been, and countenance and resist a measure which fosters tlie growth of regular naval establishments. In discussing the effect of the proposed measure —the abolition of privateering—a reference to the existing condition of nations is almost unavoida ble. An instance will at once present itse gard to two nations where tbe commerce isabout equal, and about equaWy wid< over the world. As commercial powers they ap uroachtoan equality, but as naval pow ers there is great disparity between them. 1 he regular navy one vastly exceeds that of the other.. In case of a war between them, only an inconsid erable part of the navy of the one would be re quired to prevent that of the other from being used lor defence or aggression, wln.e the re mainder would be devoted to the unembarrassed employment of destroying the commerce ot t >e weaker in naval strength. The fatal consequnces of this great inequality of naval force between two such belligerents would he in part remedied by the use of privateers; in that case, while either might assail the commerce of the other in every sea, they would be ooliged to distribute and em_ ploy their respective navies in the work ot pro. tection. This statement only illustrates what would be the case, with some modification, in every war where there^nay be considerab.e dis parity in the naval strength of the belligerents. History throws much light upon this question. France, at an early period, was without a navy, and in her wars with Great Britain and Spam, both then naval powers, she resorted with signal good effect to privateering, not only for protection, but su?cessful aggression. She obtained many priva teers from Holland, and by this force gained de cided advantages on the ocean over her enemy Whilst in tha| condition,* France could hardly have been expected to originate or concur in a proposition to abolish privateering. Tire condi tion of many of the smaller States of the world is now, in relation to naval powers, not much unlike that of France in the middle of the Sixteenth century. At a later period, ^during the reign of of Louis the Fourteenth, several expeditions were fitted out by him, composed wholly of privateers, which were most effectively employed in prose cuting hostillities with the naval powers Those who may have at any time a control on tlie ocean will be strongly tempted to regulate its use in a manner to subserve their own interests and ambitious projects. The ocean is the com mon property of alP nations, and instead of yield ing to a measure which will be likely to secure to a few—possibly to one—an ascendancy over it, each should pertinaciously retain all the moans it possesses_to defend the common heritage. A predominant power upon the oceau is more menacin^t-o the well-being of others than such a power on land, and all are alike interested in re sisting a measure calculated to facilitate the per manent establishment of such a domination, whether to be wielded by one power or shared among a few others. * The injuries likely to result from surrendering the dominion ol the seas to one or a few nations which have powerful navies, arise mainly from the practice of subjecting private property on tbe ocean to seizure by belligerents. Justice and humanity demand that thi« practice should be abandoned, and that the rule in relation to such property on land should Ue extended to it when found upon the high seas. The President, therefore, preposes to add to the first proposition in the “declaration” of tlie Con gress at Paris, the following words; “And that the private property of the subjects or citizens of a belligerent on the high seas shall be exempted from seizure by public armed vessels of the other belligerent, excep! it be contraband.” Thus amended, the Government of the United"6tates will adopt it, together with the other three prin ciples contained in that “declaration.’ i am directed to communicate the approval of ihe President to the second, third, and fourth propositions, independently of the first, should the amendment be unacceptable. The amendment is commended by so many powerful considerations, and the principle which calls for it has so long had the emphatic sanction of all enlightened nations in military operations on land, that the President is reluctant to believe it will meet with any serious opposition. Without the proposed modification of ihe first principle, he cannot convince iiiin-elf that it would he wise or safe to change the exist ing law in regard to the fight*)! privateering. If the amendment should not be adopted, it will be proper for the United States to hqye some un derstanding in regard to the treatment of their pri vateers when they shall have occasion to visit the ports of those powers which are, or may be come, parties to the declaration of the Congress at Paris. The United States will, upon the ground of right and comity, claim for them the same con sideration to which they are entitled, and which are extended to them, under the law of nations, before the atttempted modification of it by that Congress. As connected, with the subject herein discussed, it is not inappropriate to remark, that a due regard to the fair claims of neutrals would seem to re quire, some modification, if not an abandonment, of the doctrine in relation to contraband trade. Nations which preserve the relations of peace should not be injuriously affected in their commer cial intercourse by those which choose to involve themselves in war, provided the citizens of such peaceful nations do not compromise their character as neturals hy a direct interference with the mili tary operations of the belligerents. The laws of siegeand blockade.it is believed, afford all the remedies against neutrals that the parties to the war can justly claim. Those laws interdict all trade witti the besieged or blockaded places. A further interference with tho ordinary pursuits of neutrals, in no wise to blame for an existing state of hostilities, is contrary to tlie obvious dictates of justice. If this view of the subject could be adopted, and practically observed by all civilized nations, the right of search, which has be n the source of so much annoyance and oi so many in juries to neutral commerce, would be restricted to such cases only as justified a suspicion of an at tempt to trade with places actually in a state of siege or blockade. Humanity and justice demand that the calami ties incident to war should be strictly limited to from** as a ruse to draw our attention , -As this u the season nost unavoida- they now ■nt itself :n re- j logiuj tr0m tht . €ager * ess displayed by “ imerce of each *“.'►! they will to perfection if the Yank f wide-spread | will only give .1™, a cll £,, e . Hower""!. P ° iUt ® f ,,10re importance to the enemy- f or our farrri^s and gardeners to sav<; IjJtatc Rights, and Southern Rights, unavailing 18 “V be - tlie Y wi » like, y tkeir turhipiset d. jvo would advise them ^ ^ our People now begin to realise that „ d g ve a „. as w#fU as all ■otheiGdndof garden seads, as they become fit to gather. It is more than probable that next season wc will need them, as all Xorthernj^fcgdi? will be ent off. What is ia Store for as? -iu __ r _ r The National Republican issued in Washington and return their fire,”they anchored near by to deter | regarded as tlie representative of tlie Lincoln govera- °ur folks from working on it. We rather suspect ment, thus announces the policy and the .purposes ot the answer they got from the Sewell’s Point bat- iery yesterday evening took them somewhat by surprise. to do, which, by “the Yankees i, j Aw them a chance. ■J. 01 * 11 )’® it is surmised that the attack on that - , battery was intended merely to demoi- j.. 1 ’ that they did not know it was there till they i covered it on Sunday, whilst in pursuit of the steamer Kahukee and finding it unprepared to Ffll ilftt i* _ . . x m •» t /l ft ♦«e Captain Colquitt, City L'ght Guards —We see Jrom a dispatch to the Columbus Times, that tho von federate forces at Fort Beauregards Seweli s Pomt y in the tight on the 19th, with the United v. a * e . 8 steamship Monticello, consisted of three \ irgitiia companies and lU^ City Light Guards iroin Columbus, Ga. The dispatch stated that all were under the command of Captain P. T. Col quitt of the Guards. The steamer fired forty shells intending to make Woody work of it. But alter an hours hard fighting she had to hoist distress signals to obtain help. Our troops made five holes in the ship, and the dispatch say: “Three of the five shots which took effect were aimed and fired hy Capt. Colquitt. The flag of the City Light Guards floats to-night triumphantly and gloriously over the first battle field. There was ‘nobody hurt’ on our side.” A dispatch of tho 21 st. to the Savannah Republi can, says there were six men killed on board the Monticello, and several wounded on our side. Wo presume Capt. Colquitt was in command during the three engagements. As the dispatch to the Republican says “recent engegement,” it is possi ble there was greater loss than is reported. bitIkb. Dearest Butler ! thou hast leTt t-s, We thy loss most deeply feel. The late lamented Butler, commonly knows as “Strychmine” Butler, took his 3epavture from this city, with his command, this morning, about ten o’clock, his desti nation and present location, as we are in formed, being the Relay House—the order received yesterday, directing his departure to Fortress Monroe, having been revoked, in consequence, as is supposed, of General Scottis unwillingness to trust the eccen tric “Picayune” at such a distance. Ac cordingly, at the hour named, the troops under his command, having struck their tents and packed their kits, left their en- ca'nipmnt on Federal Hill, with its “water arrangements” nice and handy, just finish ed at the expense of the city, and mar ched to the Camden station, where cars were in waiting to convey them to the Re lay House. Our reporter, who witnessed their departure, states that the only mani festation of grief on tlm occasion that he was able to discover, was on the part of sundry venders ot cakes and beet* and such “small wares”—weeping for the loss of their very profitable custom. He also noticed the physiological fact, hith erto unrecorded, that one-third of the Massachusetts regiment have red hair.— South. • that government: • . - ■There is to be no pence, except upon the oasis ot THE UNQUALIFIED SUBMISSION OK THOSE IN REVOLT. There is to be no recognition of any pretended Southern Confederacy. There is to be no ih'.accable assent to a separa'ion of these States. The Government is to be maintained in that plain, straightforward way iu which all governments are maintained—BY COERCION. The leaders of Urn conspernov are to be DRIVEN OUT OF Til E COUN TRY, OR’TO BE HANGED; and never did conspira tors anywhere, and at any time, more richly deserve the fate which awaits them. They have attempted the everthrow of the freest and best government on earth bv the most flagitious means, and with a view 'he establishm ent of a grinding military despotism. Their crime has been gigantic, and theik punishment r® to BE SIGNAL.” We shall keep this standing for southern men to gaze at uutil their work is done and their indepen dence of a foul dominion complete.—Savannah let- publican. 4th. SOUTHERN FEDERAL UNION. (Corner of Hancock and IVitkimon streets, 1 OPPOSITE THE COURT HOUSE. B91ICHT0Y, HISBET K B.IR\ES, State Printers Terms—$2J>© Per Annum, in Advance. Tuesday Morning Maj 23, 18G1. SPECIAL NOTICES. CLOVE ANODYNE TOOTH ACHE DROPS.— The excruciating torment of tooth ache can Tie speedi ly relieved by this delightful remedy, without tear ol injuring the gums or teeth. Eminent Dentists say they use it daily iu their practice, and that it has enabled them to preserve many valuable teeth that must other wise have been drawn. Try it yourself, and‘ recom mend it to others. Prepared and sold by A. B. <V D. SANDS,, Druggists, 100 Fulton street,New Aork Price 25 cents per V»l. Sold by Grieve d^Cjarke Milledgeville, and by all Druggists. J It Jacob’s Cholera, Oyoentery anil Oiarrlia-n Cordial.—The great value of this medicine, now be coming so widely known, consists not only in its cer tainty of cure, but the quietness with which it does its work. It is very seldom that the third dose is taken, the first or second generally effects the cure. Sold bv Herty it Hail, also by Grieve it Clarke. We would particularly call the attention of our read ers to a remedv known ns McLean’s Strengthening Cordial and Blood Purifier. It is certainly a valuable remedy. We therefore snv to all, call at the agent’s and test for yourselves its intrinsic merits. It is deli cious to take. We ask our lady readers to try it. See the advertisement in auother column. Arm;/ and. Navi'/ Resignations.—We doubt whether any other county in the country, can compare witlf Talbot, in the galaxy of distinguished Army and Naval officers, who have resigned rather than light against their fellow-countrymen of the South. We subjoin a list of these offi cers: Commodore Franklin Buchanan, Lieut. R. L. Tilgliam, Lieut. Edward Lloyd Winder, Lieut. John W. Bennet, Lieut. Miere, Dr. Chas. Lowndes and Purser John N. Hambleton, U. S. N., are absent on duty. Surgeon N. Pinkney, U. S. N., we understand will follow the des tinies of Maryland, and resign, should he be ordered on^ duty against the South.— Easton Star. “Old Caesar,” as his friends delight to call Governor Hicks—probably in honor of some dog—certainly not after the great Roman, appears to have a hard time of it generally. Like his canine prototype he gets nothing but kicks all around. No body believes him—everybody despises him—there are none sunk so low as to do him honor. He ran away from Baltimore for fear of being hung hy the people for his treason to the State, and the Northern papers threatened him with a halter for deceiving the Administration.. Ha a Proclamation calling otu lour Regiments of Volunteers, and appointing Brig. Gen. John K. Kenly to the command, and the New York Tribune, contemptuously rejects him and his troops, and Capt. J. G. Mc Connell, “commanding 1st Reg’t Md. Vol’s” publishes a notice in thismorning’s American that “the Proclamation issued by Gov. Hicks, in relation to calling out R. R. Rcmrdira are tbe true allira Eel the Hick be roniforletl! Dr. Katlnay of Nature. In all diseases the first object in to remove pain:— Uadway’s Ready Relief does this quicker than anv other preparation known, and when narcotics, atcohol ic stimulants, and even chloroform are useless. As n defence against sudden attacks of all maladies, it eluitns a place in every home. J)euth often enters be fore a doctor can arrive, The Relief re inforces the vital principle, enabling nature successfully to resist tlie first tremendous onset of Cholera, Bilious Cholic, tli Scarlet Fever, Typhus, amt Typhoid fever, Small Pox, Measles, Convulsions, Malarious fever, spasms, and other fierce diseases until further aid can be adminis tered. For Rheumatism, Neuralgia, Intermittent and Remittent Fevers in their early stages, it is a positive cure, and as an application for external injuries, it has never been approached in efficacy. Administered as a diffusive stimulant, it restores suspended animation, when alcohol has no effect whatever. RADWAY S RENOVATING RESOLVENT RICH pure and healtliv blood secured to all—Lep osy, Syphilis, Old Sores, Ulcers, cured with maveloui rosy, Syphilis, Old Sores, lilccrs, cured with mavelous speed.—Radway‘s Renovating Resolvent separates and discharges from the blood the principle of ulcer ous disease, and its wonderful effect in putrid sore throat, bronchitis, tnlrcculgr consumption and other malignant diseases of the organs of respiration, have thrown the modern “regular” treatment for these com plaints into the shade. It is the only genuine specific for scrofula, fistula, syphilitic sores, eruptions, boils and tumors. It clears the skin, restores elasticity to stiffened joints, and replaces corruntion with sound flesh. The Resolvent reaches beyond the physique to the constitution, repairing and renewing its vigor. RADWAY S REGULATING PILLS. Are the only vegetable substitute for Calomel, Mer cury and Quinine.—Radway’s Regulating Pills are giving the death-blow to ajl mineral cathartics. They operate invariably within six hours. No wholesale doses are required. One PiU ia often sufficient, and more than six are never necessary. Dyspepsia, Bil ious complaints, and every disturbance of the bowels, stomach and liver, are eontroled amicured by this in approachable family laxative. Rad way’s Regula’ing Pills are superior to all other Pills or purgative mWfcines in use—.hey posses vir tue that all other Pin Age deficienlfc, viz: during their process of purginffthey impa it to the diseased and exhausted body nonrRhuqent md strength, the longer you continue to tale t\i '*4 Pills, the greater you increase in strength. Ladies suffering from sex ual difficulties: irregularities,&e.. are speedily restor ed to health. Persons suffering from nervousness, rest lessness, bad dreams, may rely upon sound and heal thy sleep by taking one of Radway’s Pills on going t< bed—Price 25 cents. Radway s Remedies are sold by druggists every where. RADWAY & CO., 23 John Street, N. Y. ACEWT8, HEfifY Si HA'LL, Milledgeville; DAVIS & GREEN, Eatqnton,- J. C. BATES, Louisville; A. A TTUL 037) ~S anders ville. 1 4t. The .Honing next Wednesday. We invito especial attention to the call in this paper, for a meeting of the people of this county, at tho State House next Wednesday, to respond to the Appeal of otir worthy Governor. Gov. Brown has set a noble example. Let our people come np to this meeting. The time for action has come. Tlie ladies are respectfully invited. They are quite as useful in this the day of our trial, as the men are. Their hearts are right and their hands are ready. Merchants, farmers, Me chanics, come; come one, come all The Governor-’» Apprnl in Working. We have heard of many instances within the last week, of patriotic devotion to country, on the part of the Ladies of this city and county. Among those who have come forward with very liberal donations, for tlie soldiers who will be fighting our battles, are Mrs. Wm McKinley, Mrs. I‘rof. Lane, and Mrs. Gen. Myrick. We donbt not. in a few days, we shall hrrv-e the pleas ure of publishing a roll of honor, composed of the galltnt men and patriotic ladies of this county, whith will show to *tlie World what old Baldwin camlo when the time of trial comes. sideration that Congress has gone beyond its pro- | never more than now, adverse to such establish- fessed object, which was. as it declared, to remove J merits: and they can never be brrnglit to ac- the uncertainty on points of maritime law, and thereby prevent “differences of opinion between neutrals and belligerents, and. consequently, serious difficulties and even conflicts.” So far as tbe principle in regard to privateering is con cerned, tbe proceedings of the Congress are in the nature of an act of legislation, and seek to change a well settled principle of international law. The interest of commerce is deeply concerned in the establishment of the two principles which the United States had submitted to all maritime powers, and it is much to be regretted that the powers represented in the Congress at Paris, fully approving them, should have endangered their adoption by uniting to another inadmissable prin- cible, and making the failure of all tbe necessary consequence of the rejection of any one. To three of the four principles contained in the “decl-iration," there would not probably be a serious objection from 'any quarter, bat to the other, a vigorous resistance must have been an ticipated Tbe policy cf tbe law which allows a resort to privateers lias been questioned for reasons which do not command the assent of this Government. Without entering into a full discussion on this point, the undersigned will confront the ordinary and chief objection to that policy, by an authori ty which will be regarded with profound {respect, particularly in France. In a commentary on the French ordinance of 1081, Valin says : “However lawful and time-honored this mode of warfare may be, it is nevertheless disapproved by some pretended philosophers. According to their notions, such is not the way in which the State and the sovereign are to be served: whilst tbe profits which inviduals may derive from the pursuit are illicit, or at least disgraceful. But this is the language of bad citizens, who, under the stately mask of a spurious wisdom, and of a 1 craftily sensitive conscience, seek to mislead the judgment by a concealment of the secret motive which gave birth to their indifference for tlie welfare and advantage of the State. Such are as worthy of blame, as are those entitled to praise who generously expose their property and their lives to tbe dangers of privateering.” In a work of much repute published in France almost simultaneously with tlie proceedings of the Congress at Baris, it is declared that—“The issuing of letters of marque, therefore, is a con stantly customary bellegerent act. Privateers are bona Jide war vessels, manned by volunteers, to whom, by way of reward, tlie sovereign resigns such prizes as they make, in the same manner as lie sometimes assigns to tbe land forces a portion of the war contributions levied on the conquered enemy.”—Ristoye et Durerdtj, des Prises Maritimes It is not denied that annoyanaes to neutral commerce, and even abuses, have occasionally re- „ulted fiom the practice of privateering; such was the case formerly more than in recent times ; but when it is a question of changing a law, the incidental evils are to be considered in connection with its benefits and advantages. If these bene fits and advantages can be obtained in any other way, without injury to other rights, these oc casional abuses may then justify the change, however ancient or firmly established may he the law. The reasons which induced the Congress at Paris to declare privateering abolished are not stated, but they are presumed to be only sucli as are usually urged against the exercise of that bel ligerent right. The prevalence of Christianity and the progress of civilization have greatly mitigated the severi ty of the ancient mode of prosecuting hostilities. War is now au affair of Government. “It is the public authority which makes and carries on war; the individuals are not permitted to take partin it, unless authorized to do so by their Government. It is a generally received rule of modern warfare, so far ai least as operations upon land are concern ed. that tlie persons and effects of noq-combatents L jiiiesce in any change in international law which may render it necessary for them to maintain a powerful navy or large regular army in time of peace. If forced to vindicate their rights by arms, they are content, in the present aspect of inter national relations, to rely, in military operations on land, mainly upon volunteer troops, and for the protection of their commerce, in no inconsiderable degree, upon their mercantile marine. If this country were deprived of tbesq resources, it wnald be obliged to change its policy, and assume a military attitude before the world. In resisting an attempt to change the existing maritime law that may produce such a result, it looks beyond its own interest, and embraces in its view the in terest of all such nations as are not likely to he dominant naval powers. Tlieir situation, in this respect, is similar to that of the United States, and to them the protection of commerce, and the maintenance of international relations of peace, appeal as strongly as to this country, to withstand the proposed change in the settled law of nations. To such nations the surrender of the right to lesort to privateers would be attended with con sequences most adverse to their commercial pros perity, without any corresponding advantages. Most certainly no better reasons can be given for such a surrender, than by foregoing the right to receive the services of volunteers; and the proposition to abandon the former is entitled, in tlie judgment of the President, to no more favor than a similar proposition in relation to the latter. This opinion of the importance of privateers to the community of nations, excepting only those of great naval strength, is not only vindicated hy history, but sustained by high authority. The following passage in the treaties on maritime prizes to which I have heretofore referred, de serves particulor attention : ‘ Privateers are especially useful to those pow ers whose navy is inferior to that of their enemies. Belligerents, with powerful and extensive naval armaments, may cruise upon the seas with tlieir national navies; hut should those States whose naval focres are of less power and extent, be left to their own resources, they could not hold out in a maritime war; whilst, by the equipment of privateers, they may succeed in inflicting upon ihe enemy an inju-iy equivalent to that which they themselves sustain. Hence governments have frequently been known, by every possible ap pliance, to favor privatftring armaments. It has even occurred tliat sovereigns, not merely satis fied with issuing letters of marque, have also taken, as it were, an interest m the armament. Thus did Louis the Fourteenth frequently lend out his ships, and sometimes reserve for himself a share in the prizes.” It certainly ought not to excite the least sur prise that strong naval powers should he willing to forego the practice, comparitatively useless to them, of employing privateers, upon condition that weaker powers agree to part with their most effective means of defending their maritime rights- It is, in the opinion of this govern ment, to be seriously apprehended that if the use oY privateers be abandoned, the dominion over the seas will he surrendered to those powers which adopt the policy and have the means of keeping np large navies. The one which has a decided naval superiority would be potentially the mistress of the ocean, and by the abolition of privateering, that dominition -would be more firm ly secured. Such a power engaged in a war with a nation inferior in naval strength, would have nothing to do for the security and protection of its commerce but to look after the ships of the regu lar navy of its enemy. These might be held in check by one-half, or less, of its naval force, and the other might sweep tlie commerce of its enemy from thW)cean. Nor would the injurious effects of a vast naval superiority to weaker States be much diminished if that superiority was shared among three or four great ^O' 'rs. It is nnque tionably the interest of such er States to •’ the militia of this State, lias been counter- the belligerents themselves, and to those who vol- mani l e d by order o/Capt. J. C. McConnell. therefore no more recruiting will be carried on in this State except by the United States Arm}*.” Alas for Hicks! . (South. untarily take part with them: but neutrals abstain ing in good faith from such complicity ought to he left to pursue their ordinary trade with either belligerent, without restrictions in respect to the articles entering into it Though the United States do not propose to embarrass the other pending negotiations relative to the rights of neutrals, by pressing this change into the law of contraband, they will be ready to give it their sanction whenever there is a prospect of its favorable reception hy other maritime pow ers. The undersigned avails himself of this opportu nity to renew to the Count de Sartiges the assur ance of his high consideration. W. L. MARCY. TheCorxT de Saio-iges, tfce., &c., &c. [From the Norfolk Day Book, May 20th.] THE EYUAUOEYT AT SEWELL'S POI.YT. Additional Particulars. Y esterday (Sunday) evening, about fourorfive o clock, a small schooner from below passed tip, and when near the Monticello she fired a gun which passed over the battery. It is not known positively whether she tired at theschooner or the battery; though it is asserted by some that the schooner was acting in the capacity of a look-out for the steamer, and had sent a boat alongside of her before she fired the gun. The idea is, that the schooner got as near the fort as posable, and sent a man up on her mast head to spy intojdie fort, those inside being unconscious of what was going on. and deeming her a friend. However, that first gun was taken as a banter, and the battery an swered it with as much spirit and rapidity as con venience would allow, the second ball, we under stand, taking effect in her rigging, much of which was cut away. The firing continued for some con siderable time, by both the steamer and the bat- tery. 'i he two rifle-cannon, it is said, done the most execution, a shell from one of which it is reported bursted on striking tbe steamer's rigging, though it is not known whether it proved fatal. The steamer was struck in her hull several times, nearly amidships, and one hole we understand was knocked into her side, largo enough for a flour bar rel to enter. The steamer’s battery was finally silenced, and about that time the two little steam ers, tbe Yankee and the Y'oung America, came up, both of which we understand fired a few balls at the fort. They all three then started off down the river, towards Old Point. It is the general impression that the Monticello is seriously crippled, from the manner in which she was careened over when she left, and probably from her Laving ceased her fire so quick. The shot and shell from the steamers flew over the battery, many of them striking a mile in the rear. One shell bursted near the battery without injury. A piece of it, weighing four or five pound, we saw last night. The tops of the pine trees in the neighborhood were pretty well cut down by the shot and sheil from tbe Y'ankees, and tlie houghs and splinters W6re scattered about with a good deal of activity, though with no bad re sults, except the scratching of the hand of one of the staff officers who was present. It gives us pleasure to hear so glowing a report of the spirit of bravery which was brought out in this engagement. YY’e feel satisfied that our cause is in hands of the right kind of men During the cannonadiug, we understand, some of the infantry rallied out on the beach and dis charged their small arms, (Minnie rifles, we pre sume,) at tfie Monticello she being, what was eon sidered at the time, within range. It is said that every man engaged on shore acted the part of a hero; the only regreat being that they were not more thoroughly prepared for the occrtsiou, by hav ing their heavy ordinance in better condition for the reception of the enemy. The only injury, we understand, with the ex ception of the staff officer, was that received by Mr. Wm. Morris, of the Woodis Rifle corps, who got his ankle bruised hy the rebound of one of the big guns. \Vg understand the injury is very slight. Not a sliot of the enemy struck the works to injure them, most of them passing far overhead. “No body hurt” on our side, though we don’t believe we can say the same thing for tbe enemy, as the apparent confusion on board seemed to indicate herwise. thought by some that tLis attack on ourbat- To Consumptives.') T HE Advertiser having been restored to health in a f*w weeks by a very simple remedy, after having suffered several years with a severe lnugaffec tion, and that dread disease, consumption—is anxious to make known to his fellow-sufferers the means ot God Save the Mouth. God bless our Southern land ! Guard our beloved land ! God save the South ! Make us victorious, Happy and glorious ; Spread thy sliieldover tis ; God save the South ! God of our sires, arise ! Scatter our enemies, YYho mock Thy truth ; Confound tlieir politics, Frustrate their knavish tricks; In Thee our faith we fix ; God save the South ! In the fierce battle hour. With Thine almighty pow er, Assist our youth ; May they, with victory crowned, Joining our choral round, With heart »nd voice resound, “God Save the South !” Clue ok Drunkenness—There is a prescription in use in England for the cure of drunkenness, by which thousands are said to have been assisted in recovering themselves. The recipe came into notoriety through the efforts of John Vine Hall, father of Rev. Newman Hall, and Captain Vine Hall, commander of the Great East ern steamship, lie had fallen into such ha bitual drunkenness that his most earnest efforts to reclaim himself proved unavailing. At length he sought the advice of au emi nent physician who gave him » prescrip tion which he followed faithfully for seven months, anfl at the end of that time had lost all desire for liquors; although he had for many years led captive by a most deba sing appetite. The receipe, which lie af terwards pub^shed, and by which many other drunkards have been assisted to re form, is as follows: Sulphate of iron, five grains; magnesia, ten grains ; peppermint water, eleven drachms; spirit of nutmeg, one drachm ; tw ice a day. This prepar ation acts as a tonic and stimulant and so partially supplies the place of the accus tomed liquor, and prevents that absolute physical and moral prostration that follows a sudden breaking off from the use of stimulating drinks. Remedy for Rheumatism.—Dr. Bon net, of Graulhct, in France, states in a let ter to the Abeille Medicale, that lie has long been in the habit of prescribing the essential oil of turpentine for frictions against rheumatism, and that he has used it himself with perfect success, having al most instantaneously got rid of rheumatic pains in both knees and in the left shou- der. He adds, that having several times soiled his hands with coal tar and other sticky substances of the same nature and* used the essence of turpentine freely, like water to wash his hands in, and then •washed them again in soap and water. He after drying them well, always experien ced a pricking sensation, similar to that which is felt on receiving electrical sparks on one’s knnckles. This sensation would last about two hours, and it is to this exciting action of oil of turpentine that he attribntes its efficacy in rheumatism. To all who desire it, he will send a copy of the prescription used (free of charge) with the directions for preparing and using the same, which they will find a sure Cure for Consumption, Asthma, Bron- kitis,The only object of the udvertiser in send ing the prescription is to benefit the afflicted, and spread information which he conceives to be inval uable, and he hopes every sufferer will try his remedy, as it will cost them nothing, and may prove a bles sing. Parties wishing the prescription will please address Rev. EDWARD A. WILSON, Willinmsburgli, Kings county, New York. Oct. 0,1860. (c. i mca.) 20 1 v. Encourage Home Literature !! THE SOUTHERN FIELD AND* FIRESIDE, D EY'OTEl) to Literature, Agriculture, and Horti culture, edited hy gentlemen of eminent ability, in their several departments, is published every. SATURDAY', nt Augusta Georgia. EXPRESSIONS OF THE PRESS. “Its writers are the most distinguished in the South.” Delta, ,Yw Orleans. Stands in the very first rank.” Presbyterian, Charlrslon, “A paper, indeed, for the South.”—.V<■«•» , Savannah. “A most accceptable paper.” Christian Index, Macon. “Equalled by few, surpassed by none.” Times, Columbus. “The best investment of two dollars that could be made.”—Missourian, St. Lams. “Deserves the most liberal patronage.” Baptist. Atlanta. “We cordially commend it to Southerners.'' Enquirer, Richmond. “Its contents are varied and agreeable.” C hr attain Ailcocate Seir Orleans. “Calculated, eminently, to improve tlie soil nod the mi nd. ”—E m/u irer Mem phis. “Filled with the choicest reading matter.” Journal dj- Messenger‘ Maeon, (ia. “An excellent journul. edited by competent gentlemen.” Chronicle .j- Sentinel. Augusta, Ga. “Best Literaryjournal in the country.” Journal Bouiscillc. “A Southern blessing ’’-—.-leg”*, Norfolk. ~ “Every rending mau.in the country should tak'eTt.’' Republic, Ausrnsta. “Gives full value for the money.” Southron, Jackson Miss. “YVorth ten times its subscription price.” Gazette Chaltanooga. “YVithout a rival—the best that comes to us.” Express, Yicksburgh, Miss. “Invaluable to every manor literary taste..' 1 Register, Mobile. “The best family paper published.” Courier Charleston. “Equal, if not8iiperior, in literary merits, toauy journal published.”— Standard, Ralrigh. “A welcome guest at every fireside. ” Advertiser, Montgomery, Ala. TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION—PAYABLE AL- YVAY’S IN ADVANCE. Single copj-, per annum S> ‘J. Six copies, “ IO. Ten copies, “ 1.1, Twenty copies. “ 44. Specimen copies sent gratis. The FIELD AND FIRESIDE will shortly enter upon its third volume, and is now FIRMLY' ESTAB LISHED. It is handsomely printed, in folio form, for binding, on fine paper, and with clear type. Every ex ertion is made to vindicate its claim to’be THE FIRST WEEKLY PAPER IN THE SOUTH JA.TOKS GARDNER. Proprietor. Augusta,Ga., April, Utli, 1861. MOTHERS! MOTHERS!! Y’ou are all nurses, in one sense of the word, yet can yon determine and treat the diseases of your children? or do you not call in a physician when theynre ailing? Accept, then, the aid Dr. EATON brings vou in his INFANTILE CORDIAL. He is a regular physi cian, and from much experience in Infantile Com- plaints, has compounded this preparation—without pa regoric or opiate of any kind—so as to be a sure re lief to your suffering little ones in nil the ills attending their teething; and for roughs, or cronp, or convulsions nnd also for Summer complaints, it is a certain cure — Yfoti iqav rely <>n it with perfect confidence, that Dr. Eaton’s Infantile Cordial could never have attained the celebrity it has in the United States, if it were not tbe very best article for Infantile Complaints that is put up. It is fast superseding all others. Dr. Bronson’s Blood Food, advertised with tbe Cor dial, is tire most invaluable necessity to every Mother as well as every unmarried lady. Buy it ana read the circular enveloping the bottle, and you will get the par ticular information yon want. For sale by all Drag- gists everywhere. 49 4t Got- Brown’s Refusal to Arm Companies. The refusal of Governor Brown to arm volun teer Companies in this State which tender direct ly to the President in disregard of the constituted authority of the State, lias caused some complaint. La^us look to the facts and see whether the com plaint is just. Gov. Brown has, we venture to say, witliont drawing invidious distinctions, responded to avery call made on him by the Secretary of War for troops, with less delay than any other Governor in the Confederacy. Including the Reg iment of Regulars, and the Regiment of Savan nah Volunteers which is to be mustered into ser vice very soon, which lias been armed by the State, andjcouutiug the two Batallions, now- iu the ser vice as a Regiment, the Governor has armed and fully equipped nine fti 1 Regiments for the field, wliiiih have been received into the service of tho Confederate States. He is now in Atlanta arming and equipping Col. Gartrell’s Regiment, which makfs the tenth. The Governor has furnished each of these Regiments with the very best arms of the service, and with knapsacks, blankets and full Accoutrements of every kind including a vpry considerable quantity of clothing. The Confed erate Government has not furnished either of these ten Georgia Regiments with a single article of its outfit for the field. \Y r hat other Governor or State has done as much ! YVe understand that tho Gov ernor intends to continue to arm and equip as many Regiments as he is able to arm without leaving the State entirely destitute of arms for her defence; and that he will respond to each call madeon him for a Regiment hy the Secretary of War with the utmost promptness. lie cannot, howeTer, do justice between the different volun teer companies of this State, if he arms companies which are tendered direct to the President and ac cepted without the consent of the Governor. There are a vast number of companies anxious tbrservice. When each has an equal opportunity to tender its services the Governor gives the pre ference to the company which has exercised the greatest diligence in preparing itself for the field and making its tender. This is fair as between the companies. Apply the other rule and look to the result. Two companies from the same place tender their services. One has been diligent in getting ready, and has made an early tender, tho other has been indolent, and makes its tender at a much later day, and sees that it w ill come in two or three Regiments later than the first. It de mands, however, that the Governor let it iivahead of the company making the first tender. He re fuses. The Captain at once writes to Montgomery and maltes his tender direct to the President and is accepted. He then calls on the Governor to arm his company first, and put it in the field, ahead of the company which had made the first tender. Is this right as between these two com panies ? YVe think not. In such case the Gov ernor does not say to the last company you shall not go, but he does say if you tender to the Pres ident to get in before a company which is justly entitled to go in before you, and he accepts you. and gives you an unjust preference, he must arm and equip you. The Gov. will arm first the company which tendered to him first. Tiffs we say is right. What say State rights raenand volunteer companies to all this ? Again a company tenders to the Gov. from a very exposed point in the State, andh: sees if he accepts them and sends them out ot that . State that he will have to send other troops to the same place to protect their homes while they aro gone. He refuses to accept them, and tells them they are needed at home. They think more of hunting glory in Virginia than of protecting their homes, and they tender their services to the Pres ident, and are accepted. They then call on the Governor to arm them, and abuse him if he refu ses. Is this right ? The Oglethorpe Light Infantry cf Savaunali, may be mentioned as an instance of the last class of cases. Capt. Bartow tendered his company to Gov. Brown to go to Y'irginia. Tlie Governor re plied, that Savaunali was a very exposed point, and that he was having to send troops to Savan nah from other parts of the State to protect it, ahd did not think those living there, accustomed to :he climate, should leave. This was not satisfac tory. Capt. Bartow made bis tender to the Pres ident, ;wbo accepted the company to go to Vir ginia. The Capt., it is said, is to receive a Colo nel’s Commission from tlie President, and has lef; his home with his company, carrying off the State’s arms, in disobedience to the orders of the Governor. The climate of Savannah is not so pleasaat in Summer, and this compmy prefers to spend the Summer in the more pleasant climate ot Virginia, where there is more prospect of glory. Their homes, wives, children, and property, in Savannah, must be protected however, and to do this. Georgia troops from the country must be stationed about Savannah to fight rausquitces, yellow fever, dkc, while the Oglethorpes are pleas antly quartered in Y T irgina. Is this right I It is a fair specimen of the justice of the law which au thorizes a company over the head of the Execti- tive of a State, to tender its services direct to the President. We say the Governor is right iu re fusing to arm companies in all such cases, fie does not propose to withhold a single gun belong, iug to the State from the service. YY’hsn called on by the Secretary of War under the authority of an act of Congress for troops, he will furnish them promptly, and as long as he has guns, lie will arm them fully, but lie will arm only such as are ten dered through him. If the President aceep ® troops under circumstances like those above named, over tha head of the Executive of the State.it is but just that he arm them out of the arsenals turned over to him by tbe States. YVe may in a future article, notice this act of our Con gress, in connection with its effect upon Sta-o Rights. Tlie maintainance of the doctrine ot State rights is all that saved us from absolute sub jection to abolition rule, and we are not prepared to go as far as a few Georgians who have advo cated the obliteration of all State lines, and the con centration of all power in the federal or genera* Government. The Eleventh Star. North Carolina hafseeeded from tbe Old Union, and shines resplend^it no the Southern- Co*'**’'!**^. tion. Hnrihli for the Reliant old y-etb Btatey Her Convention adopted theOrd**" 1 ® of sect* tion unnmnumsly. Tire ( i§M|