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end un4rn»fi,t nii<i no r!jP>t under the Cotifti- jj-id nH.ioprinte any provisit.u& or other auppliesof lotion to draw upon it, sod a* the military fund | any rliHnmtor, nocc^nry fortho sulisiMeiice ami < om- tulion to draw upon . , was lately exhausted ami the pefi'oua condition ol the State required large expenditures ami prompt action tor the deletion ot the C .'as!, it bet -tine nec essary for me to uegolialv a further loan with She Banks of Savannah to meet the emergency, till an appropriation could he made. This 1 thought bet- ter than to couveue the Legislature in extra aes- aiou, a very short time pievious to the regular suasion Tinier tins arrangement, 1 hate leoeiwd trmuthe Hanks of Savannah through U U. Lamar, Kaq , whose aelvices have bevu ot great va!Ue to the estate both iu V-w York prior to the secession of Georgia from the old Union, aud iu davauuah siuce that time, such sums as the sesyteo requited for the repayiaer>.t ot vvhick it will ho necessary to provide out of the miuutry fuud to he appropriated at the present tiessiou. the aiuouut adt aucud is not yet aigo, but L will become ucceosaiv to in crease it daily till au appropriation Is made to meet the hea.y oxpe.uhture.s now being n-oumod to sustain our troops.iu the lied. 1 eaiue.i y so licit for this subject the oariy attontiou of the tlett er*) Assembly. 'IUJs.VsI. R\ volts. It is pos.-iuit: trio Slate might aud it difficult to raise by trie sale of bonds, the portion of the nton ey i.buve recommended to he raised iu that wav for tie on.su.ng year. Should it he found that such s the case. 1 recent iieud that the Treasurer of this 5vt-tte be authorised to rvsiie, under the uulei ot the ttoveifioi , treasury Botes, situilai to those issued by the Treasury Depai t incut of the Confederate States , and that said notes he made receivable in the payment of taxes, or any other debt due the State, or the State Road. And for the purpose of giving these notes credit B8 currency, let provision be made by law, that any persou presenting at the Treasury live hun dred, or one thousand dollars of them, shall be en titled to have and receive for said notes, a bond of the State ot Georgia, for the same amount, hearing eight per cent interest, payable semi-annually, the principal to be paid at the end ot ten years ; with the like piivilege for each additional amount of five hundred or one thousand dollars presented. This would place the notes upon a basis ofseett- rity that tlie most cautious could not suspect, and would doubtless enable the State to raise suca sums as her necessities may require. With this securi ty, it is believed that our Hanks could not fail to receive the notes on deposit, and that they would be received iu payment of debt*. and auswer all the purposes of currency. As the faitu of the State would bo pledged lor their redemption, no higher security would b? asked by her citizens. RELIEF TO TIIE TEOl’LE. On account of the blockade of our ports, out- planters are unable to sell tlieir cotton, which is th-great staple production ol the State, and brings iuto the State the money which stimulates and sustains every other branch ot industry. The tax es of the people, including the Confederate war tax, must necessarily be far more burdensome this year, than they have been any previous year, iu the present generation. Unless something can be realized by the sale of, or by an advance upon Cot ton, it wiil be next to impossible for onr people to raise the money with which to meet this heavy burden. Such is the patriotism uf our people, and such their zeal in the glorious cause of our inde pendence. that nil seem perfectly willing to sub mit to any amount of taxation, necessary to sustain the Government, if they can taiso the money by sale of the products of their labor; but they are not willing to have large amounts of valuable property sacrificed under the Sheriff's hammer, to raise small sums of money to meet their taxes. In this slate of things tt is the duly of the Govern ment to do all that can be done, to afford relief. As the best mode of relief which occurs to my mind, I recommend the appointment of au officer of ability and experience, with a competent salary, which will enable him to devote his whole time to the work, who shall be authoriz-d, on receiving satisfactory evidence that any planter has deposit ed bi3 cotton in any ware house in any interior town of this State, and has insured the same against loss by fire for twelve mouths, with any solvent Insurance Company iu tire Slate, to adv- nee to such planter two thirds of the maiket va.ue of his crop, to be paid in Treasury notes of this State, se cured as above piopos-d, which are to be received iu payment of all public dues, and funded with eight percent bonds when presented for that pur pose, redeemable at the option of the State after a shoit period. The law should give the State the control of the Cotton till sold, and make ample provision for the repayment to the Treasury of the principal advan ced, with eight per cent interest, the rate paid by the State, when the blockade is removed, and the Cotton sold. This would enable our planters to realize upon their crops, a sufficient sum, to meet tlieir current expenses, and to pay all taxes requir ed of them for the necessary expense, and to pay all taxes required of them tor the necessary ex pense of the war, and the support of the Govern ment. I think our people have a right to expect some such relief as I have proposed at our hands ; and I most respectfully, but earnestly invoke for this subject Use attentive consideration of the Gen eral Assembly, STAY LAW. In connection with the foregoing subject. I may remark that my views on the subject of Hank sus pensions and stay laws, having been frequently promulgated, and well known to the people of this State. In ordinary times, and under ordinary circum stances. I believe all such laws are wrong in prin. ciple, corrupting in ptactice. and in violation of that good faith which should characterize all com mercial transactions between man and his fellow- man Hence I have, on all previous occasions, withheld my assent from all 3urh enactments ; be lieving that they generally have their origin in un just speculations ; and that they are used by the de signing. to wrest from the hardy sous of toil, the just incomes of tlieir daily labor. But these are no ordinary times. We are in the midst of revolution, and your predecessors have authorized the suspension of the Hanks, and have stayed the collection of debts till 1st December next Our portsare blockaded so that our planters cannot send their Cotton and other produce to mar ket and it is impossible for our Hanks to import specie at any price, with which to redeem their bills. In this state of things, to require them to resume, is to require an irnpossibi.ity. It occurs to me therefore, that the most that can be done, is to guard, by proper legislation, as far as possible, against overissues and abuse of their privileges by our Hanks during the suspension, so as to cause them to do justice to the people, and prevent tlieir insolvency when they shall, at a future day, be called upon to resume specie payment. It is also absolutely necessary to extend the stay law between other debtors and creditors Should creditors be permitted in ihe midst of the present crisis, by legal process, to bring the pro petty of debtors to sale by the Sheriff who is required by law to sell for cash, the results would be deploys, oie. Money is so scarce, CuSJ pTDptTty forced to sale for cash, would not probably bring more than one third to half as much as it would have brought twelve OT eighteen month- rince. when the debt was contracted. This would enable a few heartless speculators, who happen to have funds at their command, to buy up the properly of poor debtors, at almost nominal prices ; and would cause an im mense amount of suffering Hmotig helpless women and children, w hose husbands and fathers, never anticipating the present state of things, contracted debts when money was plentiful, and the country prosperous, which, had that state of things remain ed, they could easily have paid ; but which their whole property, if forced to sale by the Sheriff, would now be insufficient to satisfy. Many of these debtors, leaving a very email amount of property for the support of their families at home, are now in the Miiiiary service of the country, risking themselves, and sacrificing all the pleas ures ol home, in defence of our lives, liberties and families. I can imagine no gieater crue'ty, than to peruii; the creditor in the absence of the soldier, to take from his family, the small pittance left for their support. It is true, few creditors might be so cruel as to attempt this, but the law should make ample provision tor the protection of the weak and the helpless, against those who might be prompted Lyaiarice, to disregard the dictates of humanity. I therefore in view of our necessities, waive for the present, all my objections to this character of legislation, and recommend the enactment of such laws, as will continue the suspension, and protect the poor and unfortunate from the grasp of the av aricious and the powertul. till the establishment of our independence shall have relieved us from the embarrassassments which have grown out of the revolution. I'NPATRIOTIC SPECULATION. It is a matter of the most profound regret that in the present eventful crisis, when the whole energies of mir people are being exerted to the utmost capacity in the cause of our independence, and when thousands of onr fellow citizens who have but little except tlieir services to give, have uo'oly responded to their coun try's call and rallied to her standard in the field, leav ing helpless families behind with hut little means of support except their daily lubor, that combinations have been formed by hard-hearted and unpatriotic speculators, to buy up aud engross almost the entire supplies of the necessaries of file, without which neither the families of soldiers nor others can subsist. So soon as these unprincipled public plunderers have obtained the control of any necessary commodity, they have not only robbed the government bv demanding, and compelling it to pay the most enormous profits, but they have wronged our soldiers in the service, by ! n t of oiir ti oops, ot l'or tin it efficiency in the service, wherevorto l»v found, iu the hands ol ninnularturus. -pcunlatois or tmd, is, mid to pay or tender to such uiauiti irturei . p,cnlator* ot trailer*, rcnaniiublr nod just emiq ciisation then lor, to be fixed bv ei>mp< lent valuing agents The price fixed as the tnniki t value ot the aitk-lc needed l>v the Slate, which me nl-o tin principal at tides needed by ihe community, would very noon become the general uuiikit prices lullu State, as the authorities could, on 1 ulotntaticn, *» U* •implies for the Mate ill the Imnda cl swell poisons as ivfused to sell at reasonable pines, «ml thus twins dovv n those above, to medium >«l»s f\,La legislation would i .d only bo owinpaltldo with thedtictau-a of humanity uu.t ibe pUnw--» prim ipU* ,-t natural justice but .1 violate* nm . watbmbu.wt 11*1(4 wl the speculate!, fit veo-utvuiou awlkevl... be government lo - take p.U ale p.vq eil.V IW i »t. c u-x - by fiu.' O.lust V vwnp, Wsoilnu , and do. i. i u ■ ; it v i . . o. . ume-d iu owe-It i . as in pat .« Oihutu.d and umeasellable pi ices. jevwnmvWvl lids stdllvw t tu lem *etb»U*iHtu*lileittllwu. . , .• . do e it too Will dll all In mm pwiletluniu ... ■ v. Mat. ...d bv. clliaetis against llm wiA.-d and ei m I designs et llies, w Item uv nt tee lends tn !m It .ideas vat alike to tlie dictate* nt pall retrain and Im uiaidty, and wbcaiviemlv tnsaeiiltee allthat la deal to a people In -.oltstv tfieil own iimrtilunte de-slie t,u g*tb ot It moots IN III* MM |i It Is impossible to bestow too I it licit pinlse upon cm gallant troop* now limervire. Those of them who Imve hiulmi opportunity to meet the enemy, linvriml only sustained the high eharaett-i ol (lecrgia.bnt low •' covered themselves w ith unlading.glory and iimnv nt them, scaling their offering upon their country s nllm with tlieir life's blood, have transmitted then names to posterity upon history’s brightest page. 1 have not tlu- slightest fear that we have a single Kcgimelit ol Company in the field from tins State, that will ever falter in the face of the enemy, or fail to perform the higliest deeds id' heroism, whi n occasion is offered tor -ucli display. It is a matter of profound regret that a body of such troops as we 1 avesent to the field,should \ ever lack for anything necessary to tlieir comfort while in service. 1 have rendered uil the aid possible with the limited means at iny command, in clothing and making them comfortable ; hut it hits not been in iny power to do half as much as I wished to do. lie tvim will consider that our military appropriation for the year just closed was but $1 ,(H*HI,htltl, and that in addition to the purchase of ordinance, ammunition ami otner military stores, and the large sums expended iu the organization of the Georgia Regular Army, the Stale has more than 40,00(1 troops iu I lie field, over half of whom she has fully armed, accoutred and equipped, besides furnishing valuable supplies to Regi ments not armed by her, n ml paying the expense of some LDt’CATlOS. The annual appropriation of one hundred thous and doilais, and the dividends from the Hank t-toek belonging to the State, and the interest up on the oducational bonds, amount in tin aggre gate to $l4,.,ll.M fill lor the past year. This will fin distributed among the Counties lor school pur poses. unless the Executive shall be otherwise di- m ted by legislation anterior to the day fixed by law for un> distribution While our financial em- liaiu.ssincots plow mg out of the war inav be very ccusidt t able. 1 riitcitnui the opinion that it would fiofiidl. i l,.■ llm people to submit to the addition al taxation oo, o-r 1.I I to iniso this sum. than to ,y alii.,.fil it n»ui ifioso entitled under existing leg islation to pai lieipato in it* benefits. i up aril i nN*itti tion. I tm new I'.ioslilutinu pioposml by the State l inn eiiil.ui im llio -J fid .t,n ol Mat ell hint, while Iu session at .-la % auliali. w as. b | Miy proclamation, 01,1,milled to a vole ol Ibe psople ol Ibe Slate for rati treat jolt ci i-ejactiun, on llm liist Tuesday in July last film t olo i not *». qiiitn a small one. owing doubtless, to llm tael, that llm thoughts of out people weie »oione!i etlglossed with tile will', that little attention was giieii to any other suh |ect l and ns the t'.mslilnlion had received tho sanction of ibe 1‘ottVenliutl, composed ns it was ol •o tunny of tlm brightest intellect*, and best mull ul tile State, the people Wele, it would seem, gen- eially willing, to rutily their action without se rious opposition The election returns received at the Kxecutivo Department, show the following result: For Ratification 11,41)9 votes. No Ratification ]U,To4 votes. Majority for Ratification 79f> votes. After the result was known, on the 2 ! 'tli day of | August last, I issued my proclamation, as requir ed by the resolution ot the Convention, declaiing the proposed Constitution tube the Constitution of this State. Ol'U MILITIA SYSTEM. I invite the attention of the General Assembly to the suggestions contained in the report of the Adjutant and Inspector General recommending a revision of our Military Code. I would also sug gest a change in the law relating to Volunteer Companies. During the past year these have fre- quently been formed, and after their officers were nty-five hundred of these' troops for nearly two j commissioned aud they armed by the -State, have months in camp of instruction, will readily see why it in a short time disbanded aud scattered tlieir has not been in my power to do more. HOSVITAL FOR THE SICK, dose this reference to the condition and r troops, without calling your attention to I cannot wants ol'o the necessities of otrr sick and wounded soldiers in Virginia. We are informed that tlieir suffering line been very great fur want of proper nursing and lios pital accommodations. A most patriotic association of i fi'Jrs beeom Georgians has been formed for the purpose of allt-vi 1 ating the sufferings and supplying the want sick and wounded. This association has established , arms, causing very considerable expense and trou- ] blc to the State to collect them again, and in some | instances involving the entire loss of part of the J guns to the State. Again, it has frequently hap- I pened aftei companies have been formed and tlieir I officers have expended large sums in uniforming and equipping them, that a portrion of the mem- dissatisfied with the organization, of'tiie I or seeing as they believed, an opportunity to get into service sooner with some other company. pitals in Virginia and collected large sums of money have withdrawn, and reduced the Company to so 1 . i __ J A? . A Ih. .a: ! 11 „ »~ from onr citizens by donations, to sustain these insti tutions; but the sums which will be required for the ensuing year, will be greater than the association can reasonably expect to raise by voluntary contribution. 1 contributed out of the military fund $5,000, to assist in the establishment of the Hospital at Richmond; and I recommend such liberal appropriation for the pur pose of sustaining these institutions in future, as will secure to the troops wherever they ma t fined by afflict ion. all the attention and comfort which can possibly be afforded to persons in their condition. MANUFACTURE of arms. So great are our necessities for anus, and such t small a number as to compel the officers to dis hand it. This has caused much" confusion, and lias been very discouraging to those who have in- : curred heavy expense in organizing arid equip ping Companies for service. To prevent this state of things iu future I recommend such legislation ; as will compel those who may hereafter enroll y be, when cc.u- their names as members of a Volunteer Company to adhere to the oiganization for at least twelve months, and to respond to anv call which may. HIS rtt'Btil ImHI 1'rtvrlom which hus rot it-lnnsniirtfcnci*. while bonding with it* miDi t»T that luna attriM ted toe ej*h k. brown. direct bet veett Savannah and sofflS CorafS5i : cial ;*haa submit to tUi„. t would ch.-erfutiy exps.a iu the point in Europe, provided the guarantee of the of ..1.1, that (i.*d waluci giv^Vue'int-ugtii tt.'uv'hoidp»i- 6’tate should not exceed one hundred thousand dol* lars, p*r annum, for five years. The act also madu it the duty of the Governor to appoint a Conirnis- w ., r i, n,,. -pi T „i, siotier to Europe to negotiate an arrangement tor the line. In obedience to this requirement of the statute, I appointed the Hon. T. Hutler King, Com missioner, and sent him to Europe early in the Spring. I have receiveJ-but a siDgledispafoh from Mr. King since his departure. Iu this, heintoims me that he has forwarded several others which 1 have not received. As 'it is impossible tn foretell what may he the result ol ilr. King’s mission, 1 beg leave to call the attention of the General Assemblv to the fact that an associa tion of Georgians of high character, and well known financial and commercial ability, is now being formed, tor the purpose id' establishing nt as early n day aspos- sibie, a line of steamers between Savannah ami such commercial port in Europe, as offers the greatest in ducements aud facilities for direct trade andiutercourse. If the legislature w*ill incorporate the company and subscribe, tor the State, §200.000 to its capitalstock, and grant to it a subsidy of fifty' thousand dollars per niiniiiii, for five years, I am informed that the whole capital stock will be at once taken, and the ships pur chased, ready to be placed upon the line immediately alter the removal of the blockade. This ivould cost the State less than she has proposed to guarantee to a foreign company. And as the line in this ease, would lie owned jointly by the State, and au association of her most enterprising citizens, tbeie would seem to be weighty reasons, why onr people should prefer it, to in v line controlled by foreign capitalists, who would have no preference for a Georgia port as the American terminus of the line, if superior imiucemt nts should at any future time be offered by any other Southern city. So soon as the blockade is raised, it will become a matter of the first importance that the line be immedi ately put in operation, and that permanent and safe ar rangements be made with European capitalists for ad vances upon cotton, and for the regulation of our ex changes upon a justand equitable basis. No country on the globe possesses more naturul ad vantages, and no country has suffered greater wrong than hus been inflicted upon the South for the last quarter of a century, under the unjust and iniquitous system of legislation adopted by the Government ot tile United States. The Union has at last been severed beyond the possibility of reconstruction; and the Southern States are no longer commercially, nor politi cally, the appendages or provinces of the Northern Government, bat ifiey are free, sovereign, and inde pendent while that Government has become a Military despotism. It the people of the South are true to their own inteiv-ts, they w ill never iu future have any po litical connection with the people of the North, nor per mit their commercial relations to be controlled by Nor thern legislation or Northern capital. The South was not only the great productive section ofthe old Union, furnishing most of it.- exports, but it was the balance wheel which kept the machinery of Republican Gov ernment in regular motion, audits trade was the great artery of life to the Not them section. With every ad vantage of soil and climate, and all the material ele ments-if greatness, no longer compelled to submit to an unjust draft upon her industrial pursuitstu build up and pamper the power of a haughty rival section, the South seems to hold in her own bauds, under the smiles of a kind Providence, the high destiny of her own fu ture. OUR COMPETENCY FOR SELF-GOVERNMENT, lie who has read history attentively, and studied care fully the theory of Government, can have hut littledif- ficnlty in arriving at the conclusion, that a Republican j Government, can only be maintained upon the basis ol domestic slavery. The assertion, so often repeated, | that our people are competent for self-government, is no doubt true when properly qualified; blit if it is iu- I tended by the term, “y?ra/>/c” to include the whole p«o- I pie, aud to permit all i f every class white and black in di.-criminately to exercise political rights, it is then within that time, be made upon them for active i doubtless uutiue. The capacity of the people lor sc-lt ce in the field, and for such term of service difficulties attending their importation, that I again j as may be required by the statutes under which call the attention of the Gem-iui Assembly to this im- they may be called out for the defence of the State portuut subject, and suggest the propriety of either ! 01 - the Couleder.'u establishing a State Kouuury for their manufacture, or t of guaranteeing to such Company as will engage to manufacture them, such au .-1111011111 of patronage n„ | will secure success. I am iufonued that Col. Isaac 1. j Moses, a citizen of Columbus, of sufficient capital and j great energy of character, acting iu conjunction w ith Mr. John D. Gray, of Catoosa county, w ho 1 ion for energy and enterprise is well known to onr people, is perfecting preparations to manufacture at Columbus, excellent Rifles in large numbers, within the next tw o or three months. It is said they have already made considerable pro gress in tlieir enterprise, and that Mr. Gray can furnish stocks quite rapidly, and that w ith his aid Col. Moses w ill soon be able to turn out the guns complete.— Should it be found on a thorough investigation of this subject by the military committee, that the enterprise of Col. Moses and Mr. Gray will be successful, 1 re commend that a contract be entered iuto with t lies WESTERN AND ATLANTIC RAILROAD. For a statement of the condition ofthe Western and Atlantic Railroad, the General Ass-mbly is reterred to the reporfiof the late able and faithful i reputa- j Superintendent, Dr. John W. Lewis, whose re signation took effect with the end of the fiscal year of the Road, on the Tilth of September. Maj John S. Rowland, ofthe county of Cass, who has been appointed Superintendent, is energetically and faithfully engaged in the discharge of his duties. The other able officers of the Road gen erally remain in their positions as heretofore.— Their past fidelity and efficiency, together with the well known character of the Superintendent for honesty, integrity, practical business sense, and financial ability, are, 1 trust, sufficient gtiaran- gentlemen or with any others who may be prepared t y that the future management of the Road will to furnish the arms f.ir sncli supply as the future neees-j be fajthful and successful. If the Blockade is hities of the State may require. In accordance with the recommendation8 of a con ! continued so as to prevent all exports of produce, mention of Gun Smiths at Atlanta, I have appropriated I tajling off of freights during the ensuing’ year a part of the forges in the machine shop of the State probably seriously affect the income of the Road, to the purpose of forging gun barrels, and a ■ Road number of hands are now engaged there in that busi I have als As will be seen, by reference to the Report of ordered to he procured boring and ! the State Treasurer, he has received from the rifling machines and turning lathes, and will be prepar R oad $438,000 of net iucomes for the past fiscal ed in a few weeks to make nfle barrels complete - ; ye ell j iuff October last. These barrels are to be given out to the gun-smitas,, “ FLORIDA ItOFNDARY LINE. At the last session of the Legislature, a resolu tion was adopted, directing me to re-open negotia- rho, under contracts for that purpose are to finish the guns after the pattern of the Harper’s Ferry rifle. POWDER MATERIAL. Soon after the State seceded from the Union, in tions with the authorities ot the Stated Florida, view of onr perilous condition, and the great scar- ; in regard to the boundary line bstxveen the two city of salt petre aud sulphur in the State, and in- j States, and to urge the adjustment of the disputed deed ir. the South, I felt it my duty to use every , line, so as to ‘ protect the rights of citizenship of exertion in mv pow-er to procure the material, with-i the people residing near the line, who have been out which it would be impossible to make the sup- recognized by the laws and constitution of this ply of powder absolutely necessary to onr safety State, as being citizens of Georgia, and so as also and the success of our common cause. After much j to protect the titles of citizens to the lands which exertion aud great risk, I succeeded in procuring; they hold under grants issued by the State ; and a supply sufficient to make several hundred tons ; to have, if practicable, the boundary fixed so as to of powder ; w hich was landed in the State a very retain and keep the fractional lots ol land sold by short time prior to the commencement of the block- Georgia, within the jurisdiction of this State.” ade of our ports. A short time after its importa-j Owing to the fact that the energies of both States tiou. I offered the powder material aud the steamer | were taxed to their utmost capacity by the exist- Huntrcss to the Secretary of War for the common ing war, aud that the official term of Gov. Perry cause, at their original cost to the State without I was near its expiration, I dtlayed action till after even charging interest on the money, during the j the inauguration of Gov. Milton, when I transmit- ime intervening, between the purchase by the State, and the proposed sale. This proposilion was declined by the Secretary. At a later period in the season, I renewed the prop- sition, with the alternative that if the Secretary refused to take the stiamer, which had been purchased by order of the State Convention, and which xvas no long er needed l>y the State, the Confederacy having assumed the control of our naval affairs ; he could have the powder material without the steamer at its market value. This latter proposition was ac cepted and the market value of the powder mate ia! fixed by the Secretary himself at. f><) per cent up- ted to him a copy of the resolutions of our last Legfolature. and invited his attention to the sub ject. He replied, that lie would lay the resolu tions before the Legislature of Florida. I trans mit herewith a copy of the correspondence, which is all that has transpired since the adjournment of the last session. Should I receive notice of any action on the part ofthe Legislature of Florida on this subject prior to your adjournment, you will be promptly informed of the fact. THE CONFEDERATE WAR TAX. The twenty-fourth section of the Act passed by on original cost. It was at the time worth intlie mar- j the Congress of the Confederate States for the compelling them to nay two or .liree prices for articles which were absolutely indispensable to their health und comfort, and have raised the prices of many necessa- sary articles of provision at home, till the families of absent soldiers mid others who labor for a livelihood, are obliged to live upon the most stinted allowance if slot to endure actual suffering, on account of tlieir in ability by tiieir labor, to purchase the necessaries of 1'b- It' 1 have not misconceived the true objects of goverument,the soldiers iu the field from this State, ,, e , flies* families of manvof them nt home, and ", ” have suffered by the wicked avarice of ! t| C * lRve a right to demand at the bauds ° *'-M Assembly, the enactment of such laws as WulI afford all the relief possible against such cruel imposition in future. L'nge amounts of provisions and other military sup- plies must be fur lushed to our ur.ny during the ensuine- year. If the .State submits to these impositions U [hf the pricer, which she pays will become the ruling prices in the market; aud others, however needy or unable must jfey as much as the State pays, or they cannot procurable articles of prime necessity. I therefore recommend the enactment of a law authorizing tlieGovernor of this State, or any military sL er - n, ^ er command, by hia direction, (or such plher ofiieer as the legislature may designate,) to seize ket, over three hundred per cent upon the original cost, but as it was no part of my purpose to specu late for the State on that which was essential to the success of our common cause, I permitted the Sec retary of War to take it at his own price. The State Treasurer had advanced the money to pur chase the materia! at my request, w ithout warrant, ami after the sale, as no warrant had passed, I re funded to the Treasury the amount of money ad vanced by the Treasurer. Hy this transaction J ot only obtained aud turned over R? the Confed eracy at a price several bundled told less than it ould have been elsewhere obtained, a supply of material of very great value, but also made a clear profit of $22,133 70 for the State. As the drafts upon the military fund were much heavier than was anticipated when the appropriation was made, I found it necessary to use this net profit which I had made for the State, in the purchase of provis ions and ether necessary supplies for our troops.— 1 therefore paid it over to the Quarter Master Gen eral of the State, aud took his receipt for the amount, which he has expended for the use of our troops, and for which he will account in his report I have ordered this receipt to be recorded on tbe Executive minutes and the original to be tiled sub ject to tin- inspection of any committee, or other person interested. PENITENTIARY. You are referred to the report of Col. James A Green, tbe active and energetic Priucipal Keeper of the Penitentiary, for a statement of the opera tions of that Institution, during the past fiscal year. It will be seeu that after the payment of all its indebtedness for the year, it has a handsome sum to its credit; and that no appropriation is as ked for its assistance or support for the ensuing \ ear. ASYLUM, AND OTHER INSTITUTIONS. collection of a War Tax, is in these words : “If any State shall, on or before the first day of April next, pay, in the Treasury notes of the Con federate States, or in specie, the taxes assessed against the citizens of such State, less ten per centum thereon.it shall be the duty of the Secre tary of the Treasury to notify the same to the sev eral tax collectois in such State, aud .'hereupon their authority nt.uj dtl!y under this Act shall eexse. ’ In a previous part of the Act, provision is made for the appointment of Assessors by the Confede rate Government, and tbe valuation of taxable property iu each State. It would seem, therefore, that there is no way of ascertaining the amount which each State is required to pay till this assei-s- ment is made. After this is done, aud the stun for which the State is liable is known, each State may pay this sum into the Treasury, in gold and silver, or Confederate Treasury notes, less ten per cen tum, and thereby prevent the collection ofthe same by Confederate officers. While I would have greatly preferred that Congress should have appor tioned tliesum to be raised among the States, w ith out. the intervention of Confederate Assessors, it is much better, in my opinion, that we at least pre vent the Confederate '1 ax-Gatherers from making tlieir appearance among its, when we can save ten per centum upon the whole sum by collecting it tinder State authority, and paying it into the Con- lederat.e Treasury ; and I think it would be more satisfactory to our people that they lie visited oy the Tax collectors of but one Government. I therefore recommend such legislation as may be necessary to secure the collection of Georgia’s quo ta by Iter own State Collectors, either those who collect the State tax, or others to be appointed by State authority for that purpose, aud its payment, when collected, into the Confederate Treasury.— The State Collectors could afford to do the labor government, depends upon then-virtue andinteliigenc and the experiments made in Franco and other enlight ened countries, where domestic slavery is not tolerated, have shown that sufficient virtue and intelligence nev er exist to enable the people to perform thetask, when the whole muss of the people of every class are permit ted to participate actively in the affairs of the State.— Hence,the general rule, that a country which does not tolerate domestic slavery, is governed by monarchy.— It is admitted that the opposite of the rule is not always true, as some countries, like Brazil und Spain, tolerate domestic slavery, and are governed by monarchy. Nor is the rule itself probably without a .-.ingle exception, as in the case of Switzerland, which, on account of its peculiar locality and condition, is toleratedas a Repub lie by the other governments of Europe. Take, as an illustration, the people of the Conteue- rate States, and ofthe United States. We saythepeo- ple ofthe Confederate States are competent to govern themselves. This is true in the sense m which the ex pression is used; but if we use the term “people" in its broadest sense, and embrace the four millions of ne groes as a part of the people, entitled to exercise politi cal rights, then it is not true. The people of the United States are intelligent and enlightened, but the whole people, including menial servants, imported paupers, and free negroes, all under their theory possessing and exercising equal rights and equal power at the ballot box, are eeitainly incompetent to govern themselves. Hence that government must soon terminate iu mon archy. Intimately connected with the above cause, is another that must tend to hasten the tesult. I al lude to the irreconcilable conflict, which, undei their domestic system, exists, and must continue to increase, between capital and labor. There, the capitalist who desires to employ lubor has no interest in the person of the laborer, but only an interest in bis day's w ork. He is under no obli gation other than ihe common dictates of human ity to provide for the wants of the laborer or his family in case of sickness or other misfortune. It follows that it is the interest of the combined cap italists of the North to depress the price of labui and procure work as low as possible. On the other hand, the laboring class is interested it; keeping up the price of labor. In this conflict, it tin- laboring class strike, for higher wages, when prices are no longer remunerative, the competi tion for employment which will be produced by the annual importation of very large numbers o. foreign paupers, will give tho capitalists greatly tbe advantage in tlieir efforts to maintain low prices. This, together with the consequent necessi ties of the laboring class, will naturally foster the agrarian feeling already engendered, and tho con flict will become constant and bitter. The laboring class including tbe lowest menial servants, ana naturalized foreign paupers, being voters will naturally have tbe advantage at the ballot box, on account of their superiority of numbers. This will induce the capitalists, on the other hand, to use their money freely to influence the electious which will be productive of increased rottenness and corruption in tbe body politic. Riots and mobs will grow out ot the contest, till thinking men, discovering the lot;eiing basis upon which society rests, and the insecurity ot property, will naturally be induced to seek protection in a stronger form of government. Amid this chaos and confusion, in the throes of revolution, some master spirit with great ability and ambition, will attract attention and win pop ular applause. This will place him iu a position to command, when appealing to tbe necessities ot the capitalists he will engage Ir? make his swon. their protector, aud to distribute the honors of the Empire among them, if they' will make their gold tlm pillars of his throue. The result will be, that !• or a statement of the condition and wants of j f,, r a very small per cenlum on so large a sum. the I-unat c Asylum. Academy for the Blind, and - - - Institution for the Education of the Deaf and Dumb, you are respect ully referred to the reports of the officers in charge of these Institutions. STATE UNIVERSITY As required by the Statute, I transmit herewith the Report of the Trustees of the State Uni versity. So large a number of young men. who would otherwise have been pursuing their Colle giate studies, have volunteered, and gone to the army, that the number of students in the Univer si ty must be expected to be materially diminished during the ensuing year. GEORC1A MILITARY INSTITUTE. I apprehend I need enter into no argument in the present eventful period of our history, to satis fy the General Assembly of the great utlility and impoitance of the Military Institute to the State and to the^outh. The friends and patrons of the Institute have much reason to be proud of the results of their labor. Most of its graduates hold useful aud important positions in the service of the State, or the Conf. dt-racy, while some have al ready sacrificed their lives on the battle field gal lantly leading their followers in the hour of victo ry. I am happy to be able to state that tbe pros pects of tbe Institute are at present very flatter ing. Feeling that tlm State needed the services and military skill of Maj. Capers, the Superintend ent during the winter upon the coast, I have given him a commission as Brigadier General, and as signed him to the command of the second Brigade of Gforgia State troops. As it is no* probable that the campaign upon the Coast will last for more than six months, it is hoped that General Capers may be able to tesume bis position in the Institute before tbe commencement of the next summer. Considering his services of great im portance to tbe State iu conducting the military- education of our youth, tbe Board under whose supervision the law has placed the Institute, could not willingly consent that General Capers accept such military commission as would catry him out of the State, and sever his connection with the In stitution where his services are so highly appreci ated. To sustain the Institute and place it upon a sol id basis it will be necessary that such appropria tions be made to endow it as will place the pro- , -. —» fessors’ salaries beyond contingency, I commend I *“ e Governor to pledge the State to aecure to the the Institute to the enlightened statesmanship, Company what was considered waaonable profits While the iState. by the adoption of this policy, would act upon a principle aiike compatible with her dignity and sovereignty, she would save to her Treasury a very considerable sum in the difference between the actual cost of collection, and the sum allowed her on that account. Should it become the policy of tho Confederate Government in the future, to abolish our tariff system, with all the ex pense aud corruption that attended the system in the oid Government, such a course might greatly lessen the expenses of the Government, and cause the people to hold their public servants to a much more strict accountability for wasteful expendi tures; and in that event, I am of opinion that the amount necessary to the support of Government, should be justly apportioned among the Sta'es, and each State should be permitted, by her own Collectors, if her people prefer it, to raise her own quota, and pay it into the Treasury, without the intervention of Confederate Collectors. COMMERCIAL INDEPENDENCE. The contest in which we are engaged must, it is admitted by all, result in our political indepen dence. But our deliverance from political bon dage will be of little advantage if we remain in a state of commercial dependence. If our exchan ges at the end of the war. are still to be made through New Y'ork and other Northern Ports ; our Cotton shipped upon Northern ships by way of New Y ork to Europe; taxed with inei eased freights, insurance, commissions, wharfage, and other inci dental expenses incurred upon that route : and our goods imported over the same line burdened with the usual expense to us, and profits to the North ern merchants which must result from indirect im portations ; we shall remain in fact, subject to Northern role, and our political destinies will soon be controlled by those who have our commercial interests under their power. This evil can only be prevented by the inauguration of a system which wiil secure direct trade and direct exchanges with Europe It is a question well worthy tbe consid eration of Congress, whether this object cannot be better accomplished by the establishment of fiee trade with all the world. Your predecessors, at the last session, duly appreciating the importance of this question, pass 3d an aet incorporating the “Belgian Americau Company,” and authorizing and fostering care of tbe tieoeral Assembly. | on the amount invested in a tin* of steamers to ran the country will seek repose in the downfall ot Republicanism, and the establ.shment of Mon archy. The very opposit** of all this i>» true in the Confederate States Hen*, domestic slavery is n lundiuncnoal pert of our social sve- t.-iii. We have over lotir^iniilioiirt of iiesroes who are the men ial class of our society. They have no political riphts aud seek none: they take no purtintUe povernment, but urt-u dependent dn-8, penerally contented and happy, having all their naturul wanttf supplied by those who are responsible under our laws for their humane and kind treatment. In ease of sit knew*, or permanent bodily infirmity, they are not left us are the pauper* of th** North, to the . ..Id ehariti'e* of the world, for the urressn- rien of life; but public opinion and the laws ofthe lund, compel their owners to make provisions for the:r wunta and to treat them with humanity and kindne«H. Here the WHITE class is the rul ing class. When we Hity our people are competent to the task of self-government, we mean white people. But it may be said, the pauper* of the North, who participate in the govcrmn.iit, ure penerally white people. This is admit ted, but many of them are white peoph ofthe lowest menial clash ; so low that there is no class below them, and they la< k not only inlellict nee hut pridecf character. Hence their votes are b,night und sold iu the market. Wi^h us every white man, whether native or of foreign biith. feel* and knows that he belongs to the RULING class, aud that there is b menial eld*s of millions of persons entirely below him. Tills inspires him with pride of character which fits him to par ticipate in the political adiur* of the State. If there are individ ual exec tions to this rule, they are not sufficient!v numerous to he si verely felt, ortoafii*ct matt rial y the results in the choice of rulers. Again, instead of perpetual conflict under our social sy — tein between CAPITAL and LABOR, we have the most jwrlect harmony. We have few capitalists who are not slaveholders. Each slaveholder has an intercut not only in the day's labor, or the week’s labor, but in the PERSON of the laborer; in his fle*h and his blood, In* muscle and his bone; in a word THE max is his.’ If, therefore, the labor of the n un is worth one dollar per day, the man, himself is worth one thousand to ti.teeu hun dred dollars, and he who owns one hundred of these laborers is a rich man, and enjoys all the importance uud position, which wealth gives in society. Reduce the price of labor to ti ft v cents per day, and you greatly reduce the \alue of the labou r in the market, uud in like proportion, you reduce the value of the estate of the owner. If you reduce the price of labor to twi nty-five rents per day, the laborer cannot^ by ins lalmr, comfortably sup port hi nisei! und family. In thisca**-. us his labor is worth nothing to his owner, he .s valuel-ss, and the person who owns one hun dred sucli.aborers with the re-p >nsil,i!.ties attaching to the owner ship. is not only pour, but has a heavy but den annexed to his poverty. A* most of onr slaves ure owned by men of capital, and ns capitalists, like other men, 1». »k to their'interests ami as the value ol the estate of « acli slave-holder depends u{niu the value of labor, it become* the interest of tin* combined eap.tal ofthe country to koep up the price of lubor to sustain the value of property. The poor white laborer is also-interested in ket ping up the price of labor, as lie ha* to work to support him sell and family, and if he is intelligent ami examines this question, he cannot iu'.l to see that the surest way tm-keep up the puce of his own labor, is tosu*taiu the institution of slavery. If tne labor of the negro is worth in the market one dollar per day, the labor of the white man is forth more, or certainly as much; ami while the institution ol lavery is maintained, every capitalist in the country who own laves, is interested iu, and ‘will use his influence to keep up, the alue of labor, and the poor white mail gets the influence of hi* lore wealthy and powerful neighbor iu sustaining the price of his labor. On the other bund, if slavery is abolished, it becomes e South, asit now ism the North, the interest of thecombin- pital of the country to depress lubor, and get it us low as pos sible, as the capitalist would tneu be no longer interest'd in tile person of the laborer, aud the value of biN estate would Is- no long er dependent upon the price of labor. The interest of the ■ apital- ist iu the last ruse, would be to get labor low, and as tlie negro would. wh« n tri e, be placed nearer a state of equality with the white laborer, and would have a right to make Inn own contracts he would come into direct competition with the p.»or white lab'.i- er, uud would soon under-bid him, and reduce the price of labor to as low a rate u» would sustain life. Tins would bring ruin up on the poor white mmi, and degrade his fauiih far below their present condition. It is very clear therefore, while the institution of slavery exists, that it is file interest of the rich man to sustain the price ot the labor ot the pour white laborer; ami that it i*, for tli*- same reason, the interest of the pi"*r white* 1 iborer to sus tain and perpetuate the institution of negro slavery. In other words, tin* ricii uml poor arealike interested iu sustaining slavery aud in sustaining the price of labor. The slaves thcinsehes ure also interested, as tli**y are more civilized, more christianized, audiu a bi tter condition than the like number of their race ever were in any other country or climate. If the price of labor is high,’and tne slave is worth u high price in the market, the own- ih* a heavy pecuniary interest in addition to the common pathv of our nature to prompt him to trtatthe slave well os uis value to his owner depends upon the preservation of bishfj and health, and these depend much upon the manner in which lie is clothed, and fed, and attended to iu sickness. From tin* foregoing reflections, it naturally follows, that whole social system is one of perfect homogeneity of intei__... where every class of society is interested in sustaining the inter est of every other class. \Ve have all the harmonious elements necessary to the perpetuity of that republican and rtligious liberty bequeathed to us by our lathers; with none of the distracting aud conflicting elements which mu>t destroy both in the Northern States, aud which have already precipitated the country into a bloody revolution, and attempted to hurl to the groumf the iairest structure ever dedicated to Liberty on the face of the Globe. To sustain this pi iceiess heritage is tire highest earth ly duty of the Christian and patriot Ruthless and bloody hands have been laid upon it. To wrest it from them may cost hun- Goy. Brown’* In a ti:; lira I Addrcim. Senators and Refkesen fatives : In response to the call made upon tne at the ballot box, by tin* people of our noble slate, I appear before you for the purpose of taking the oath prescribed by the Constitution, aud eutei ing upon the discharge ol iny duties as the Executive of Georgia for a third term. Mindful of the fact that this is a compliment which has not been paid, by the people, to any other citizen of the State within the last half Cen tury, I can assure you in the utmost candor that 1 feet most sincereiy and profoundly impressed, with ttie weight of the responsibility, and the obligation which it itnposes- IIow changed arc all tilings around us since I first stood upon this platform, and addressed your predecessors, prior to assuming the obligatiou which iuvested me with the power, and imposed upon me the onerous duties ofthe Executve office Then the bright suit of peace from a common centre, scattered its divergent rays into the remo test parts ofthe vast territory, which was en.bra ced within Hie limits of the United States. Now me dark clouds of war bang around us, martial music is heard in our midst, and the din of battle and clangor of arms resound in the distance — l’hen the flag of the Union which waved over us, was not only considered emblematic of power, but of Justice, Truth, aud Equality among the States Xowthatflag.no longer the ensign of republican liberty, is only the emblem of despotism, and waves over dungeons, and chains, and death, when those born to freedom, lauguisa, with no re dress against the wrongs inflicted at the tyrant’s will. Such are the mutations of time, and such the instability of human affairs. From a small beginning the Government of the United 5’tales, resting upon the broad and deep foundations laid lor it, by the immortal heroes and patriots of 177ti, had grown to be a power of the tiist magnitude, challenging the admiration, aud commanding the respect, of all the nations of the earth The South ever loyal to the constitution, aud ever mindful of tile obligations which it impos 'd, was ready to sacrifice all, except her equality, aud iter honor, to maintain the integrity, of the splendid Governmental structure, of which she formed a most magnificent pait. But unfortunately lor the peace of the world, the restless fanatacism, canting hvpocricy, and insa tiable avarice, of a majority of the people of the Northern States, had c Used them to determine on the subjugation of the Njuth, and that her equality should cease to exist, though the accomplishment ofthe design might involve the destruction of the fondest hopes of ail true patriots, and frieuds of re publican freedom. Prompted onward in their mad career by lust for power, and love of plunder, the people of that part ofthe Union, found in the triumph of a great sec tional party, the means of carrying into execution, their long cherished design, of taking the Govern ment into tlieir own bands, selecting ottr rulers for to<, over our united opposition, and dictating to us the laws by which in future we should be govern ed. Thus the alternative was distinctly tendcreo to us, and we were lett to choose, between the posi- ion of subjugated provinces, yielding obedience to unrestrained power ; or of sovereign states dis daining submission to the encroachments of tyran ny, or the mandates of any superior. Satisfied of the justice o! our own cause, we chose the latteral- reruative, aud appealing to the God of battles for the rectitude of our intentions, and I trust humbly and fervently invoking His aid and protection in the mighty contest, we have risked ottr lives, our fortunes, and our sacred honor, upon the stout hearts, strong arms, and indomitable courage, of our gallant and glorious troops in the field. Since the commencement ot the revolution we have labored under great disadvantages, against superior numbers, and vastly superior military re sources and preparations. Our enemy has had at tiis command not only the regular army of the United States, but her navy, and much the lar;- portion of her military stores. Our ports have (teen blockaded by ships built with our own money I he rights of private property have been disre garded, and the mo-t wanton cruelty inflicted up- iu helpless and unoffending women and children Under all these hardships and disadvantages Heaven lias continued to smile propitiously upon us,and itas crowned our eti’ortson the most impor- ant fields ol conflict with tho most triumphant tnd victorious results; f .r which we have abuu lant reason to exclaim, in the language ofthe in spired mau, ‘ Thanks be to God whogiveth us the victory 1 ’ How long this unnatural war may last, or what may be our privations or sufferings before its ter mination, is only known to Him who rules the nosts of Heaven as well as the armies of earth. I tear that tho people of the United States, North tnd South, had become too forgetful of the Great Source whence we derived all our prosperity as a nation, and all our blessings as individuals. The Ruler of the Universe may have deteintiued hat the pride of both sections of the old Union shall be humbled, and that they shall be punished luring this strife lor national wickedness in high places, as well as for individual transgressions. He may hive determined that the new Republic shall be baptized in blood before it rises to its ma jestic proportions as one of the great powers of the earth. However t! is may be, enough is revealed, that none can doubt, that the separation between the two sections is final and perpetual, and that the independence ot the Confederate States must soon tie acknovi leeged by all the civilized nations ot the earth. It will be my chief piidc as an individual, and ny highest amt ition as an Executive officer, to nd, with all the power I possess, all the re sources at my command, aud all the mental aud • hysical energies of my life, in the accomplish ment of this grand and glorious result. That the establishment of our independence is the object near* st the heart of each and every one of you, and in this utterance, that 1 only echo back the unanimous sentiment of the noble constituency ivho sent you here, 1 cannot for a moment doubt. Let us then lay aside all past differences upon minor questions—as brethren confer freely to gether, and, as a band ot patriots, bury iu one common grave every personal aspiration, and every feeling of ambition, pride, or jealousy which may tend to hinder united aud haimontous iction, for the defence of our beloved old State, ihe triumph of our glorious arms, and tne inde pendence of that grand constellation of Southern Confederate States, in which Georgia shines as one oi iie most brilliant stars. But the soil or our on ” beloved Georgia is now threatened by the invader, wiivav powerful fleet hovers near her shores, and menaces Iter commer cial metropolis. This state of things calls not only for prompt action, but for the highest degree of liberality, prudence, wisdom aud firmness, on the part ol her statesmen, and the most splendid exhibitions of intrepid valor aud heroism on the part of Iter people. Let us meet tho invasion like men, and with a firm reliance upon Almighty aid, we cannot doubt that our efforts will be. crowned with ultimate success. Were we disposed to yield, it is now too late to calculate the cost of submis sion. He would hut feebly enumerate the resuits ot our subjugation, who woulu remind us that it would fasten upnu us the entire expense of the war—load our industry and that of our posterity for generations to come with burdens and taxa tion too grievous to be borne—subject us to military despotism, and compel us to main tain standing armies quartered among us, to in sult us with their insolence, while they riveted more securely the chains of our bondage—de- privo ns of our self-respect, aud break our spirits | with the crushing weight ot our degradation. •Sooner than submit to this, let tho last man in I the Confederacy die nobly at the point of the bay- j onet, and let our wives and our children, and all the property we possess, perish together on one common funeral pile; anil let the winds that pass over our graves, and chant our funeiat diige, tell to other generations in other climes, that we lived treemen, and we died freemen. State Rights, and Southern States’ Rights, Reported exp.tssiy ft, r So. Fed. Union. Glorious Victory in the West! Columbus, Ivy.. Nov. 7. |,s,;| Great battle occurred It,-re to day. at II A. M., L isted til 5. 1> Worth’s.Tappan'.s.W right- ,!‘- Regiments, numbering 2,0 u men, were Commenced , ’ Ge '*- I 'How's kets ana Ruaselr. a'tac.ed by c\00il Federals under Gen McClernanl Bradford till I o'clock, with alternate j.,,, reverses, and then we were reinforced s'i' ly by Walker’s and Carroll's Uegini*,;,?,?*!*' Gen Cheatham Pillow then ordered ll m k m""** men!, and it was made, supported hv , ®' ~ | B jthn's Regiments, under the iinniediai'e * n ' 1 maud of Geu. Polk. The enemv fieri and Cu ®' pursued to gunboats. Comp late route. tilled with de i i and wounded, for seven* SOUTHERN FEDERAL UNION, (Corner of Hancock and Wilkinson streets,) OPPOSITE THE COURT HOUSE. BDICHTIH, YISBKT A BlIHES, Slate Printers Terms—$2 00 Per Annum, in Advanrc. Tuesday Morning, November 12, 1861. Tlic Uorenior’* Message. We place this very important document before onr readers, today, to the exclusion of much other matter. The message is very- long, but we hope its length will not deter any one from giving it a careful perusal; for con sidering the great number and vast importance of the subjects discussed, we do not see how it could well have been made much shorter. In the first place, the Governor draws a parallel between tin- causes that produced the first Revolution, and the dissolution of the union between the British em pire and her American colonies, and the present revolution,and tlie dissolution of the union be tween the North and the South. The Governor then discusses the doctrine of State Rights, and shows the great danger of concentrating all pow er in the central government. In our opinion, this is one of the most important subjects discuss ed in the message. If we give the central gov ernment unlimited power over taxation and the Militia, we put it in the power of some future am bitious President to usurp whatever additional power is necessary to make him a despot. We do not apprehend any danger from the present Presi dent, but we know not who may ho elected here after ; and the present condition of the Northern States under Lincoln, admonishes us to guard strictly the portals of our liberties. The next topic discussed iu the message is the defence ot tin* State, and we believe that any candid man af ter reading what the Governor says on that suh ject, will admit that quite as great a liberality in men, arms, and guns, lias been extended to tht- centrai government as the safety of Georgia would admit. The recommendations of tlieGoveiuor concern ing our financial affairs will, no doubt, receive as they merit, the early attention ofthe Legislature. Upon the subject ot powder material, we think the plain statement of facts in the message will con vince every' honest man thut the Executive o: Georgia iu this, as we 1 as in many other things, has not only been just, but liberal towards the Confederate government. The plan proposed by' the Governor for Georgia to collect aud pay her proportion of the Confeder ate War Tax, we think is a good one, and wi hope it will meet the approval of our Legislature. There are many other important topics discussed in tlie message which we have not time or spact to notice at present. We hope every white man in Georgia will read the message, and judge of its merits for themselves. mile* were "Hacked by -»«i* Watsmdsbate’ ■altzed itself I, ..A 7 ’ Transput ts and Gunboats sharp s'nooti rs, ami the cables were c c pitate embarkation followed tinder Betzboover immortalized itself ) t .... tured, and retaken. Our loss hi aw. but ]<•!!* C i ap ' that ot the enemy. Our loss from 4 to 5hi Gen. Grant reported killed. We reeaiitnroH of our men. Eveiy officer behaved ln ,„, “°j t lau'ly. Prodigious valor, Gen. Cheatham £i " shone the rest ir*. deeds of valor. Private rU* patches sav, bloody battle, but brilliant vie! U 3 ' M1..MTIIIS, Nov. eS. An extra ofthe to-day. contains lull accounts of the bloody J hard fought battle near Columbus yesterday^ ^ Pillow's Brigade, 2,500 strong, composed c rap pan s Arkansas Regiment, Freeut» • Wright’s, and Picket's Tennessee Regimen's l ! ’ countered tbe enemy on tlie Missouri side o' ^ site Columbus, early this morninrr, 7u(o „ p P°' under Gen. McLernnrd assisted bv Gsu Boris*? Pi Ho w s brigade long t gallantly until ammani! non exhausted,and then they were nverwl.r.;. , and retreated hack to the rivtr with heavy V'^ where they made a stand, lighting with their bay’ onets. Col. Watson’s battery was lost in the J treat temporarily. At this critical moment, G * Cheatham's brigade, composed ot Smith’s a^i Russell’s regiments, and Col. Mark’s Louisiana regiment, assisted.by Gen. Polk and Blythe's Mi -ippi regiment, arrived and carried the fortunes of the day. retaking Watson’s’battery and mutiny the enemy, pursuing the enemy to tlieir boats ! vert miles, v here tlieir rout ended lu ’guomignj 'munition cap. Strap. flight. Large quantities of arms, am tured. The road was strewed with coats, k sacks, gnus, &e. Gen Bowlin, captured by Rev. Jas. R 0 oer' Tennessee regiment, who also took a stand ivonl 8 ors. C.d. Dougherty arid Col. Beaufort. amo „ e the Federal prisoners. Our loss less than 2tm enemy’s loss trout 500 tq 80(1. Battle lasted nearly ill day. Terrific thougiiout. Gunboats ma( j’ e simultaneous attacks on. Columbus batteries; we lost several gallant company officers. GEORGIA ^LEGISLATURE, Wednesday, Nov. (itii, 101,101-8, A. M Agreeably to the requirements of the Constitution the Senators elect from tlie various Senatorial Districts m the State of Geo-gia, assembled intlie Seuat- Clin'no her of the Capitol at Milledgeville.amlon motion ofT M- Furlow.E.-q., of tie- 13t!t .Senatorial District .Mr William Mosely, of the 26th Senatorial District' was called to the Chair for the purpose of oiganization'. Mr. Mosely took the Chair, thanking the body for the honor. On motion of Mr. S ward of Thomas, the Secretary of tho Senate. Frederick H. Y\Vst, Esq., called tne roll when a quorum whs ascertained, to Ire preseut. ’ On motiunof Mr Brown of Lfooiy, the Senators came forward to the desk of the Secretary in order to be {ualified, aud took tire following oath, Judge K Ii it 0 Fasting aud Prayer. We publish below the Proclamation of Presi dent Davis, appointing Friday, the 15th inst , a day to be observed by the people of the Confeder ate States, by fasting and prayer, as an evidence of cur gratitude to God for the successes that have thus far attended our young Republic, and our dependence on His favor for continued bless ings 011 our beloved laud. Let all business be sus pended on the day appointed, and all our people repair to their respective places of worship, that the object of the proclamation may be attained. IfGod he tor us, who shall be able to stand against us ! BY THE PRESIDENT. A PROCLAMATION. Whereas, it hath pleased Almighty God. the Sovereign Disposer of events, to protect and de fend the Confederate States hitherto, in their con flict with their enemies, and to be unto them a shield : And, whereas, with grateful thanks we recog nize His hand, aud acknowledge that not unto us. but unto Him belongeth the victory ; and in humble dependence upon His Almighty strength, and trusting in the justness of our cause, we ap peal to Him, that he may set at Dauglit the effort.- ot our enemies, and put them to confusion and shame: Now, therefore, I, JEFFERSON DAVIS, Presi dent of the Confederate States, in view of the im Worrell administering "Each of you do swear, that you have not practiced any unlawful means, ilircetiy or indirect I v, hoprncu-.- your elertiuu. aud that you will support the ( onxtitn- 'i»u of the Cuufedurato states, ami of the State of Georgia, so help yon t tod !" Mr. Hill of Wilkes,moved that the Senate proceed >1 elect a President. The n otion was egreedto. Mr. Hansel! of Cobb, announced the mi ne (if Hen. •John Billupe of Clarke for that office. Ilesaidbewas sure he need not -peak to Georgians of the abi.ity and worth ot the distinguished gentleman whose tmuie he tad announced. Mr-Garden of Chatham, announced the name of lion. William Gibson of Richmond for the suiue of fice. The Senate proceeded to vote according to tbe pro vision of the New Constitution, rira race, and at the conclusion ofthe voting it was ascertained that Hon. fohn Billups of the county of Clatke had received 3li votes,^and Hon. William < Hbson of the county of Rieli- nond •. Mr. Billups having received a majority of the votes, was declared elected Ptesident of the Senate. On motion of Mr. Yason of Dougherty, a committee if three, consisting of Messrs. Yason. Seward and Brown were appointed to notify the President elect of uis election, and conduct him to the Chair. Before taking the Chair the President said: Gentlemen, Fellow Senators : I am deeply, tlior- mgbly impressed with the sense of my obligations to you. To be selected to preside over tiie deUbertffSons it such a body as this, is a distinction of which any natt might be justly pruiid. It more titan fills the Measure of my ambition. I cannot command lan guage adequate to the expression of my sincere and icarty acknowledgments. Gentlemen, we have assembled at an extnwndiiiarv ind critical juncture. Our country is invaded. The clangor of deadly strife resounds on every hue of onr frontier. A war is being waged against us, which for indictive fury and malignity, a disregard of all the hums of humanity, and a contempt even of tbe can ons of civilization, is almost without a parallel in the innals of onr race Tbe true character of this war nav be rightly judged by the ends an 1 aims of the M-Ingt-rei.i parties. We are assailed for the avowed jurpuseof our complete and ignoble subjugation. For wiiutare we contending? What motive prompts us to engage in this coat st! It id the determination to issert aud vindicate to tiie lust extremity a right iilie- rent in every civil organization, the right to govern mrselves. An axiomatic principle, one iu thatendeof political law in which we have been instructed, nini it ts a lesson which we mean to teach our desccndents that whenever any government by reasons of its ex- n-tions and oppressions becomes grievous and intolera ble, it ri not only tho privilege, but the duty of the lown-trodden aud degraded, to throw off that govetn- nent.uiid erect in its stead one that will secure do estic tranquility and all tlie blessings of liberty. It pending conflict, do hereby set apatt FRIDAY, ri in defence of this sacred,-inestimable aud impretcrip the 15th day ot November, as a day of fasting. ! abIe Utat Southern brethrenlmye baredthcii humiliation and prayer; and Ido hereby invite bosoms and arrayed themselves agam.t themvrmtdom the Reverend Cletgy, and the people of these Confederate States, to repair on that day to tlieii usual places of public worship, aud to implore the blessing ot Almighty God upon onr arms, that h' ntay give us victory over ottr enemies, preserve our homes and altars from pollution, and secure to us the restoration of peace and prosperity. ^ ) Given under my hand and the seal of •- seal l-the Confederate States, at Richmond. ( ) 1 his thirty-first day of October, in t!i“ year of our Lord one thousaud eight hundred and sixty-one. JEFFERSON DAVIS. By the President: K. M H enter, Secretary of State. -1th Diatrict. The indications are that Hon. A. H. Kenan is elected to Congress from the 4th District by a large majority. His vote in Bibb county was a decided compliment, under the circumstances. •iri-ii* of million* ot treasure, and tuun v thouiibuda of the most liable live* of tiie Smith. But he who would Btoptocouut tbe cost, would do well to auk himaell what isnij property worth when 1 am a slave? or, What ia my life worth, it. by aaviug it, I transmit * heritage of bondage to ' * ' quered, onr are slave 1 * Reiiri'iitriii of (Urn. Wcoll — Hi* I.eltcr of K<- •igitalinii to tin- Secretary of tYar, Ac. Washington, November 1 —Tbe following 'r-tter from General Scott was received by the President on Thursday afternoon : Head Quarters of tlie Army, ) Washington, Uctober 31, 18(>1. \ Hon S. Cimcron, Secretary of It'ar : Slit: For more than tlnee years I have been unable, from a hurt, to mount a horse, or to walk more than a lew paces at a time, and that with much pain. Other and new infirmities—dropsy and vertigo—admonish me that the repose of mind and body, with tho appliances of surgery and medicine, arc necessary to add a little more to a life already protracted much beyond the usual space of men. It is under such circumstances, made doubly painful by the unnatural aud unjust rt beliioti now raging in the Southern States of our so lately prosperous aud happy Union, that I am compelled to request that my name be 1 laced on the list of army officers retired from active ser vice. As this request is founded on an absolute right, granted by a recent act of Congress, I ant entirely at liberty to say it is with regret that I withdraw my sell in these momentous times from the o.ders of a President who has treated me with much distinguished kindness and courtesy ; w hom I know, upon much personal intercourse, to be patiiotic, without sectional partialities or preju dices; to be highly conscientious iu the perform ance of every duty, aud of unrivalled activity and perservcrauce. And to you. Mr. Secretary, whom I now official ly address for the last time, I beg to acknowledge many obligations for the uniform high considera tion I have received at youi hand, and havo the honor to remain, sir, with high respect, your obe dient servant, WINGFIELD SCOTT. Official vole for Governor. In another column will be found a table contain- _ jaunt l * ,e - official vote of every county in tbe State, I Governor. I? will be seen that Gov. Brown’s to Northern avarice and Northern iueoletice. Soouo t j majority is 13,691. The I.adiex Concert On Thursday night last was a decided success. Die Hall was well tilled with a:i appreciative au- j dience, and we hesitate not to say that every body I was pleased. How could it have been otherwise ! ; Beautiful children with voices like birds, decked | with wreaths of flowers, and with all the winning j ways ot the little “hindering things: ” Modest and j pretty young ladies full of song and fired with pa- * triotic zeal for tbe Soldier's cause—the inimitable | Barnes, with his unsurpa=s«d improvisation— I cutting into the hull oi the Yankee Ship of State, like the steel prow of ihe Ram “Turkil” into the Preble; and the good old straius yclept “Conti, nentals," from the genial and gentlemanly “Tom Lowe”—with such a variety of good things, how we ask could any one fail to be pleased ? And then the cause—the poor SolJier. God bless our women—from the babies up to the venerable mat rons of the land—they honor their country', and their country is proud of them. The soldier will dream ot them when he is asleep, and bless them, in his dyiug prayer. To the exertions and consummate management of Mrs. A. M. Nisbet, and the patient labors of Mis i Alex. Moffett who presided at tbe piano, the pub-! lie is indebted for the great success and gratifica tion of this Concert. They have had the entire control and preparation, aud to them belongs the credit. We accord to the young ladies (bow sweet tliey looked) the highest praise for the part taken by them, aud the little ones too deserve a whole arm full of “good things” for their bird-like chirp ings. To Mr. Barnesand Col. Lowe, the thanks of the Ladies are returned for their kind and enter taining assistance. The proceeds of the concert amounted to near $2(J0, gaipst the myrmidons . it* depot ism. Gentlemen. I need not say to you that it will be 1 ur tiist, imr paramount duty to provide nil the means within "ir legislative competency for a vigorous prosecution and triumphant issueof this conflict. So far as it lios progressed, our blessed old State has abundant cause of grnt illation and gra itude. Georgia has been signal* I , gloriously illustrated. On every gory field her gal lant boys have stood side by side with "tlie bravest of the brave. ( Applause.) Her banner lias ever been borne aloft, her escutcheon is as vet without a blot: and ere tlie eoncInsioD be arrived at riqnres no prophetic ken to foresee that Southern arms w here le.flie red deeds of prowess and chivalry destined to iie chronicled b_v a future Live with matchless lnstre up on the imlistructible records o. mankind and to lie em balmed by some poet to the manor born with llome- riau grandeur in the splendid immortality of epic verse. (Applause.) To hold up the hands iifonrtml- oiers, to supply all their wants to shield them firm suffering in every shape, and to render them capable of an efficient performance ol duty, we will, it need he, call iuto requisition all the resources of this mighty commonwealth. Far be it from mo to counsel, or even to suggest what we should or should not do. I may, however, witlnut arrogance, say that of which you are ail fully awsie, Unit our constituents expect this to be a short and ac tive session. They require a retrenchment of expenses in every department They demand that every ois- bursemept of the public money be marked by the strictest economy. 1 conceive it would illy become us t> consume onr precious time in i He debate, orto make extravagant drafts upon our exchequer, whilst our be- I ruic sous are battling with the rigors of an inhospiri* ble clime, trad are daily pouring out their heart’s huwl, a free will libation on tlie altar of freedom. But gentlemen amid the hurors and desolation which on all sides environ us, here at home, among ourselves a spectacle of moral sublimity is presented looming "P iike a gr -en spot ia tlie dcseit to regale the vision.and nerve t he arms and lire the soul of 1 very true patriot. The paltry and driveling party fends*and divisiois which so long distracted and cramped the energies G this great State have disappeared. They have van ished und left not a trace beuiud. They linve sunk in to merited oblivion. (Applause) Our sky is cleat oso serene, not a ripple disturbs tbe placid surface ot fra* terua! love and concord. Our people are at last a unit, oneandin lis-olable. But me purpose,one sentiment, one heart, one mind pervades and animates our entire population. But one voice is heard, ringing, cchoug and reverberating throughout the length and breadth ot our and, proclaiming in thtinjer tones to Liucji n and Ilia minions, aye to ail earth, the stern, i;nmntnhl« anddeti-iut resolve, that God helping us, we wiil be free. (Loud applause.) , Once more, gentlemen, I earnestly and truly thank you tor the honor you liaveeonfeired on me. R* as ' snred it is estimated at its full value. I cm conscious the most acceptable return in my power to make, wm be the honest endeavor at nil times faithfully and cu* gently to discharge the duties of the station to winch 1 nave been elevated by your partiality. I crave in tne outset your gcneious indulgence ot ali impelt'ectiens. Kor. Brown’s Proclamation. We baldly feel it necessary to call attention to au impoi taut Proclamation from Gov. Brown in relation to the reception of Volunteers for tbe de fence of the State. Our brave men now have an opportunity to march to the deience of their State theii homes and fire sides. We doubt not more companies will tender their services than are call ed for by the Governor's Proclamation. Bav. Brown’s Inaugural ISnit. At his inauguration, Gov. Brown was dressed in a full suit of home-made cloth, with a Georgia made hat and a pair of boots. He was of the opinion that it was his duty to encourage, in this public manner, our home industry, and to show onr independence of Yankee manufactures. your genet ous indulgence ot ali iuipert aud shall confidently rely upon your ready co-opera tion in all efforts for tlie preservation of order, ana a rigid enforcement of the rules you limy adopt for the government of our body. Mr. Hill of Wilkes moved that the Senate pro* eeed to elect by ballot, a Secretary , the modon was agreed to. . . Mr. Vason announced the name of Frederick rt. We.-t Esq , of Lee. The names also of .Mr. Ja" ies W. Mubly of Harris, and of Mr. A. S Barnes ot Richmond were anffouDced. Ou the third hallo Mr. Mobly was elected Secretary ofthe Senate. Mr. L. S. Stevva t of Hancock w as elected Mr*j senger, and Mr. T, R. Christian of Bibb f wounds at Manassas) Door Keeper On motion of Mr Kendall of Talbot, the Secre tary was ordered to inform tiie House of K^pre**® tatives that the Senate was organized and re* J for business. , Ou motion of Mr. ITanseil of Cobb tbe Sen proceeded to draw for their seats- . r Also, or. motion of Mr. Hansel 1 tire ru _ . the last, were made the rules to govern the pres Senate, aud 100 copies ordered to be printed. Mr. Smith of Jones offered the follow mg- . Whereas, by the revised Constitution ot State, there has been a great reduction 1U number of members of the Senate, and by provisions of said Constitution the labor 0 Clerks of this body will be greatly dironiistreu. Beit therefore Resolved. As tie sense of «• Senate, that no other or more clerkships »"* recognized or paid, than the folluw ing • - " „ n ry, a Reading Clerk, a Journalizing Clerk, an Engrossing and an Enrolling Clerk. mor . I he resolution was laid on the table till t