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1 y if the cost of recruiting and fitting out
rcgiuiiMits is included. We believe t lie out
goes of the Government, including the cost
of the blockade and the great Southern
naval expedition, are fully §2.009,000 per
day, or at least §700,000,000 per annum.
So far the North has been exulting over
the fact that it has been constantly drain
ing specie from the Old World. while
maintaining an army of half a million
men. Under the influence of a short crop
in Europe, the North has been exporting
grain at the rate of 83,000,000 worth per
week ; and, by the help of a stringent tar
iff, it has sustained all the gold exported
from California. These causes will ac
count for the large amounts of specie ac
cumulated in the North since the com
mencement of the war. Had the tarifi of
1857 been left in force, we believe the bal
ance of trade with Europe would have
been against the North this year, and
their banks thereby rendered utterly un
able to help the Government. Let them
he called upon to spare 82,000,000 per
week to London and Paris, instead of re
ceiving coin from the Old World, and their
ability to take and pay for Treasury Notes
and Bonds would be sadly diminished.
[Richmond Enquirer.
The New England Cotton Mills.
The New York Herald publishes an
elaborate steatment of the condition of
some of the leading cotton manufacturing
districts in New England; it states that
owing to the rise in the price of the staple
numbers of the heaviest cotton corpora
tions in New England would realize heav
ier profits by selling their raw material at
present prices than by the sale of manu
factured goods, even at the increased
rates.
For instance, at Biddeford, the amount
of cotton now held by the Laconia corpora
tion is about 4,400 bales which, at the pres
ent rate of consumption, will last upwards
of 2 years. By the sale of cotton now held
by the Laconia corporation, the sum of
825.000 would be realized. It is true
there is disadvantage in suffering the mills
to lie idle, in consequence of the rusting
of the machinery the difficulty in getting
hands, and other matters attending upon
re-organization; but it the managers get
820.000 or 830,000 more by selling their
cotton than in working it up, the difference
would still be in their favor.
The cotton mills in Lowel have a sup
ply of cotton which will last them six
months at present prices. Considering
the large supply in the aggregate, an enor
mous profit could be realized by the cor
porations if they sold the material at pres
ent prices. The woolen mills are also
well supplied with material, and are turn
ing out an immense amount ot army work
such as stuff for overcoats; pants, blankets
ect.
At Saco, Me., the York manufacturing
company have five mills in the corpora
tion. They are now running one of 4,000
spindles having 28,000 in all. At the I’ep-
perell Mills at Biddeford. Me., the lar
gest in the country, working 70,000 spin
dles, and using up 13,000 tales of cotton
per year; the stock of cotton on hand
amounts to about 4,700 bales, and, as now
working, will last about nine months.
The Cocheco Mills,, at Dover, N H have
a supply of cotton that will last until
about July, forty bales being consumed
per week, turning out forty thousand yards
of fine goods per day. Notwithstanding
the rise in the price of the manufactured
article from nine to eleven and twelve
cents per yard, it is the opinion of the
management that the corporation could
make more by selling the cotton than the
calico. Fifteen hundred bales middling
cotton, for which they paid eleven cents,
and which they now hold is now
worth thirty-five cents per pound.
At Manchester, N II there are twelve
distinct corporations and twenty-eight mills
which have not enjoyed so high a degree
of prosperity for several months as they
now do. A few months ago several mills
had ceased working; but they are now all
at work—some running full and others
part time.
The l>aHiiiii|( Urn.
From the Nashville Union & American.
On the 22d of February the Government
of the Confederate States will rise before
the nations, in a permanent form. 1 he new
Congress will assemble on the 18th, on the
19th the votes for President and Vice
President will be counted, and on the 22d
the President will be inaugurated. It will
be the beginning of a new era in the his
tory of the Southern States, the era of the
perfection ot their independence, under a
form of Government chosen by the States
themselves, and which is mainly a plainer
and more explicit exposition of the Con
stitution whose true interpretation and the
rights arising therefrom they failed to en
force under the old system. There are
some differences, which experience has
found to be necessary, between the Con
federate constitution and that of the Uni
ted States.
When the Constitution of the United
States was framed, all the States adop
ting it legalized African slavery within
their limits, The Federal Constitution
recognized this institution, by providing
for the return of fugitives to their owners,
did not interfere with its condition in the
States, because the States themselves up
held and sustained it. It was therefore
left to each State separately to manage it
as a domestic institution. But in the
lapse of years, the Northern States finding
that slave labor was unprofitable in their
agricultural pursuits and in carrying on
manufacturing, sent their slaves to the
planting states of the South, and adopted
free labor ou their farms. They then began
a systematic warfare against the slave
system of the South, which produces the
most valuable products known to the com
merce of the world, and which has pro
ven the best for the laborers themselves.
This warfare has culminated in a con
flict of arms, and in the effort of the Gov
ernment of the United States, in the
bands of the Northern anti-slavery party,
to subvert our institutions, overturn State
sovereignty and subjugate the people of
free slaveholding States.
With this history of a conflict growing
out of a difference of institutions, habits
and pursuits, the framers of the Confeder
ate Constitution have inserted a clause,
excluding forever from the Confederacy
all States whose institutions are not homo
geneous with their own, or in other words,
which do not recognize and fully adopt,
both in theory and practice, our system of
African labor.
It was to prevent a similar conflict of
interests and institutions that the provision
was inserted in the Cenfederate Constitu
tion prohibiting Congress from levying any
tariff for the protection of one class of in
dustry, thus enriching a few at the expense
of the many. This provision also had
its origin in the cupidity of the Northern
States, whose systematic policy was to
tax the agriculturist for the benfit of the
manufacturer. It was a wise provision
and is necessary to the impartial and
equitable administration of our government
and to the freedom ot trade.
Another provision has been added,
which in our judgement, is not inferior to
any other improvement upon the old Con
stitution, which has been suggested by ex
perience and adopted by the framers of
the Confederate Constitution. It is that
clause which makes the office-holders of
the Government independent of the Exec-
tive, by requiring that he shall not remove
them without, cause, stated in writing,
when he shall nominate a successor. This
salutary provision applies to all officers
except the members of the Cabinet. The
effect ofitwill be to discourage if not to des
troy, those bitter party contests for the
Presidency, which have been chiefly
stimulated and fed by the management
of office-seekers and the desire of public
plunder. No President of the Confeder
ate States will dare to remove a competent
and honest incumbent to make place for
a party favorite.—And thus the office-
seekers and demagogues will cease their
efforts and their intri gues, to elevate a
leader, from the mere hope of promotion
for themselves and friends. The Presi
dent of the Confederate States should be
in fact, as he is in name, the head of a
great Confederacy, and not the head of
a party. If he should degenerate into the
head of a party, the same evil consequence
will finally ensue which have caused the
overthrow of all that is valuable in the
constitution of the United States.
The Indiana DfBiocrncr and fhc war—A
Peace Liuroln’s r»urpiitioii De
nounced.
The Democratic State Convention of In
diana met at Indianapolis on the 8th inst.,
and was largely attended; every county
but eight being represented. Thomas A.
Hendricks was appointed President. His
remarks, on taking the Chair, were severe
against the Republican party, and the pol
icy of the present Administration.
The resolutions adopted by the Conven
tion set forth that the restoration to power
of the Democratic party can alone pre
serve the Union; endorses the principles
heretofore put forward by the National
Convention of the party: declares
that the present civil war main
ly resulted from the slavery agitation and
the consequent organization of a geo
graphical party in the North, producing
its counterpart in the South of secession,
disunion and armed resistance to the gov
ernment, condemning the course qj the Re
publicans in the last Congress for the rejec
tion of all peace propositions, that peace
and harmony would now reign had the par
ty in power shown the same desire to set
tle the internal dissensions that it recently
evinced to avoid a war with England; that
the Republicans had demonstrated their
inability to conduct the government
through the present difficulties denouncing
all the violations of the Constitution as
usurpations of power; that the disiegard
of the, writ of habeas corpus, the imprison
ment of citizens in the loyal States are
flagrant violations of the Constitution; that
the seizure of Mason and Slidell was eith
er legal or illegal—the former, then the
nation had been humiliated by their sur
render under threats; if the latter, they
should have been delivered up before im
prisonment.
A Duel Tailed of Between General
Shields and a Senator.—A card was recent
ly published in the Northern journals
trom Gen. Shields, pronouncing •‘utterly
false” an allegation ot Senator McDougall,
of California, that he (Shields) was a
Secessionist. The Senator is out in the
following rejoinder:
Astor house, N. Y., )
January 6.1862. j
I am advised that a question has been
made concerning a statement made by me
at Jacksonville, Illinois. Nothaving the
paper making that statement before me, I
can only now repeat what I proposed to
state at Jacksonville. What I then in
tended to say was that Mr James Shields,
in the fall of I860, stated to ine at San
Francisco, California, that he approved
the secession of the Southern (cotton)
States; that he thought they had just
cause for secession: that the South had
both the will and the power to achieve suc
cess and that it was sound policy to favor
them. If it is supposed that in dischar
ging my official duty as a Senator of the
United States, in acting upon the nomina
tion «fMr. Shields as a Brigadier General,
I can be influenced by menace, I trust
that all such hopes will prove unfond-
ed.
J. A. McDOUGALL.
In connection with the above, the New
York correspondent of the Baltimore Clip
per under date of January 17th, says:
In consequence of the allegation on the
part of Senator McDougall, of California
that Gen. Shields was a secessionist at
heart, it is rumored in first circles to-day
that billet-doux have passed between
these gentlemen for a trial of skill with
pistols, at a convenient “pinking” dis
tance. Senator McDougall is so-journing
at the Astor House here and Gen. Shields
is in Washington. Considerable anxiety
is manifested on the part of the friends of
the above gentlemen as toliow the matter
will end.
A Suggestion to Farmers.—The Atlanta
Confederacy has a suggestion to make to
farmers, which most of them can profit by,
without any detriment to their farm inter
ests; and that is to get out timber of va
rious kinds this winter:
First for making wagons. Timber for
this purpose is exceedingly scarce, and
will be more so at an early day. No tim
ber is fit to make wheels of, unless it has
been seasoned four or five years, under
good shelter; and such timber is now very
scarce in the Confederate States. The
spokes should be made of tough white
oak trees, the thrifty growth of swamps or
lowland. The trees should not be small;
They should be sewed the proper length,
and the blocks riven into proper size to
make spokes, and stacked away under
shelter without being rained on.
Timber for axles should be of the best
tough hickory, and should be sawed at
mill into pieces the proper size, and put
under shelter without being rained on.
The bubs of a wagon should be of the
best tough post oak, and all heart,
they should be sawed the proper length,
and a hole bored through them for the ax
le, and then they should be laid away to
season. The bolsters hounds &., should
be of good white oak, and carefully sea
soned.
If farmers having such timber on their
lands, will prepare it and put it away this
winter, it will one day come into market, at
a remunerative price.
Timber for wagon felloes should be saw
ed at the mill into broad, rough-edged pie
ces, of any convenient length, and the
proper thickness of a wagon felloe.—This
should be of tough ashe—no other timber
being equal to it for this purpose.
Timber for making buggies and pleas
ure carriages can|also be gotten out. It
shouid be of the best hickory, all sap, riv
en up into the proper size to make spokes,
felloes, axles, shafts, &c.
One of the greatest lacks in the Con
federate States is timber suitable for
stocking guns. Walnut is preferable for
this, and it ought to be seasoned at least
ten years in a perfectly dry place before
being used. No artificial process of sea
soning will answer for a gun-stock. Why
this is the case, and why it requires such
long seasoning to be fit for use, we do not
know; but this is what we are told by me
chanics who are competent to know, and
we suppose it is true. If every farmer
who has a spare walnut tree will have it
6awed into timber of the proper size for
making gunstocks, and will put it away
under cover, and keep it dry, it will one
day be a profitable job to him.
Now let our farmers who have trees on
their lands that will make any of these
timbers, go to work, get it out nicely, and
put it under cover, to remain there for
some years 1 None of it for any of these
purposes should be kiln-dried, or seasoned
by any artificial process. Lay it away in
a dry place and let it alone for years. It
will be a source of.profit some day.
.4 Plan of popular Loan to the Govern
ment.—We learn from the Richmond Ex
aminer that the Government has devised a
new system of popular loan, which pre
sents such extraordinary advantages for
investment that it cannot fail to attract the
attention, not only of capitalists, but of the
large classes in the community who may
desire to invest small sums of money in a
safe and profitable form, and for short
terms. The advantage of the new plan of
loan is nearly that of depositis on call; and
resembles the savings’bank system. Mr.
Memminger, the Secretary of the Treas
ury, has proposed to parties having money
to loan, to invest in Government bonds or
registered stock, on the following liberal
terms :
It is proposed to make the stock run
from three to eighteen years, but to give
it nearly the advantage of a loan on call
by making it payable at any period of six
months interventing between three and
eighteen years, with the Interest at the
rate of eight per cent, per annum, payable
semi-annually in coin.
Holders of treasury notes can at any
time procure from the same treas
urer, assistant treasurer, depositories
or commissioners, bonds or registered
stock in exchange for treasury notes; said
bonds or stock to be reconvertible, at the
pleasure of the holder, into treasury notes,
and to bear interest at the rate of six per
cent, per annum, until so reconverted, and
thus constituting a depositon call bearing
six per cent, interest.
Both classes of stock—that of six per
cent., available as a deposit on call, and
that of eight per cent, payable at any pe
riod of six months, present better advanta
ges for investment than the usual stand
ards of commercial loans, and will, no
doubt, in other regards, recommend them
selves to the people of the South.
A Yankee Editor on the Lincoln Admin
istration.—The Cincinnatti Times, after
scathing the cowardly inactivity of the en
tire Northern army, thus pays its respects
to matters in Washington :
God help the nation if these things are
to continue. We must confess that we
are losing our patience. The Congres
sional reports show that the War Depart
ment, at least, is in the hands of thieves.
The masterly inactivity of the Adminis
tration is broken only when it comes to
the plundering of the Treasury. The
report of the Congressional Investigation
Committee thrills every honest man with
horror. It is the saddest exposition of
national history.
It exhibits a degree of corruption in the
War and Navy Departments, not expect
ted in this critical hour. The public
Treasury is in the hands of thieves, whose
only jsolicitude is plunder. If Congress
was honest, as it ought to be, Simon Cam
eron would have been hurled from his of.
fice in disgrace before this, and Fort Lafay
ette crowded with the Weeds, the Cum
mingses, the Morgans, and the host of plun
derers proved guilty by that investigation.
But even this terrible exhibition does not
seem to have created a sensation in Con
gress. Does not the plunder conspiracy
extend even there 1
If the Administration, with its miser
able and almost intolerable army misman
agement, surrenders Mason and JSlidell, it
will be the last hair on the camel’s back,
the truth must come, and the sooner it is
spoken the better. The people cannot
and will not support an Administration
that, denies their confidence. All that is
dear to them—home, country, freedom—
peace is uow at stake. If there is not a
change in the Cabinet for the better, and
that soon, they will demand a change of
servants and enforce their demand. Once
rouse the whirlwind, and it will not stop
until it sweeps the whole Administration
into the Potomac.
The Cotton Crop of 1S62.—We are plea
sed to see that the Cotton Planters of
Louisiana are moving in the right direction
in regard to the Cotton Crop of the present
year. In the parish of Natchitoches, the
Cotton Planters recently held a meeting
and resolved that no planter, no matter
what may be his force, should plant or
raise more than five bales of Cotton, of 500
pounds each in 1862, unless the blockade
is raised before the first of March next.
A State Convention of Cotton Planters is
also soon to be held, when measures will
be adopted, by which there will be unity
of action on this important subject, as we
are encouraged to believe. If the war
be prolonged, and the blockade be contin
ued, the Confederate States will have to
produce more of hog and hommony than
they have done for many a year, and neces
sity will drive them to this, dsepite the
fine spun theories of our brethren of the
goose-quill, who reason so learnedly upon
the advantages to be derived, by piling
upon the present crop another three mil
lions of bales.
Government Specie.— We learn, and arc
authorized to State, that B. C. Pressley,
Esq.‘ Assistant Treasurer of the Confed
erate States of America, in this city, has,
within a few days, advanced 895,000 in
coin, to Gen. Albert Pike, Indian Agent,
to aid in paying mouies due the Indians,
under treaties with the Confederate Gov
ernment ; and has on hand 890,000 in coin
to pay interest on Confederate Bonds ;
and will still have a surplus left. Does
not this speak well for the credit and re
sources of our young Confederacy, battl
ing, for her independence against a wealthy
and yet powerful, although often discomn-
ted foe]—Char. Courier,11th.
Commissioners.---The following named
gentlemen have been appinted by the
Confederate District Judge, Commission
ers to take acknowledgements of deeds
depositions, &c.:
Willy Williams, of Columbus.
William T. Gould, of Augusta.
William Hope Hull, of Athens.
James T. Nisbct, of Macon.
Col,M. Myars was also appointed Corn-
mis sioner, at the late term at Marietta.
We clip the following paragraphs from
the Savannah Republican, of Jan. 22 :
Confederate State. District Court.—In
this Court, yesterday the case of Charles
Hastings, charged with passing false in
voices through the Custom House, was
called; but for want of an important wit
ness it was continued until to-day.
The Money ready.—Gov. Brown tele
graphed yesterday to Hon. C. G. Mem
minger, Secretary of the Treasury, that
the State of Georgia was ready to pay
from one to two millions of her share of
the War Tax at the present time, provi
ded the Confederacy would allow her in
terest at the rate of 7 per cent, on the
amount until it shall become due.
The Nashville Again at Sea.—The Nash
ville, I hear, either has sailed, or is on the
point of sailing, from Southampton. May
the gallant Pegram have a good deliver
ance from the Federal cruiser said to be-
looking for him outside the Channel. That
he carries away the same armament from
from Southampton that he brought in I
should not like to bet; or that the Nash
ville, as respects trim and top hammer,
is not better calculated to brave the At
lantic and the enemy than she was when
she burned the Harvey Birch.
Cor. Manchester Guardian.
I.ctter From Kev. Mr. Csmlcy.
Richmond, Jan. 9, 1862-
Mr. J. M. Netcby :
Dear Sir: Permit me now to give you a
few points of interest outside of the Geor
gia Hospitals.
In full view of my quarters, on the top
of Church Hill, stands an old tip-roofed,
rather German looking house, with large
chimnies on the outside, and dormar win
dows, in the roof. Here is where Gen.
Washington had his headquarters, when
in Richmond, during the war of the Revo
lution. At a short distance from this is
the House of Burgesses, where, at the
opening of the Revolution, Patrick Hen
ry made liis immortal speech. It is now
a church, surrounded by many ancient
tombs, among which the sighing winds
seem to echo the closing words of Henry’s
great speech: “give me liberty, or give me
death," words to which the united South
now responds like the noise of many wa
ters.
Nearly between the above described
houses is the dwelling of Mr. Hunt, where,
a few days ago, a young hero soldier
breathed his last. He was a Georgian,
but being at school in South Carolina, be
left school at the breaking out of the pre
sent war and united himself to Hampton’s
Legion, lie was tall and fine-looking,
with a noble and manly brow, and finely,
chiselled head. He had been in the bat
tle of Manassas, and received a wound in
the fight, but had brought off, as the tro
phies of his valor, a large India-rubber
spread, and a splendid sword. When, in
view of his feeble health, it was proposed
to have him transferred to the coast of
Georgia, to a milder climate, he refused,
saying that it would not be as honorable
as for him to remain at his post. All the
lucid moments ot his last illness were til
ed up in prayer and in talking about Heav
en showing not only a high moral cul
ture, but a mind well trained in religious
knowledge. He struggled with disease
and death like a hero; and, when the fa
tal hour came, conquering his last enemy,
he met his end camly, peacefully, tri
umphantly, as only he can do who falls
asleep in Jesus. That young man was
George W. Brown, the youngest brother
of Joseph E. Brown, Governor of Georgia.
About one mile and a half below Rich
mond on the Janies River, is Powliattan’s
the tomb of the renowned chief, so illus
trious in Virginia’s early history. The
Powhattan House, supposed to occupy the
I site of the chief’s wigwam, has been in the
Mayo family since the year 1740. It
stands on a beautiful elevation that com
mands a view of the river far above and
below. The grounds are ornamented with
ancient elms, and lofty cedars. It is in
full view of, and stands on a direct line
with the falls of the river, that roll an un
ceasing melancholy murmur, once the
music of the wild king’s life, and the requi
em of his death.
On the greatest elevation, overlooking
James river, is the stone that marks the
grave of Powhattan. On this rough sand
stone rudely sculptured, is a human track,
the symbol that he whose ashes it cov
ers is gone to the eternal hunting fields
where the gameis abundant, where life is
a perpetual round, and where
“An everlasting autumn lies
On yellow wood and sunny skies.”
At no great distance is a solitary stone,
protruding from the ground, about a foot
high, and two or three feet square. This
is where Pocahontas, the Indian maiden,
and the chieftain’s daughter, rescued cap
tain Smith, from death. It is no great
task for the imagination to picture the
grim old Chief, with his fierce and dusky
warriors around him, the brave but help
less white man stretched on the sacrificial
stone, and the lovely princess, with dark,
flowing hair, and with mild, beseeching
eyes throwing herself between the uplifted
war-club and the pale-faced stranger, the
victim of her father’s wrath. But this
dream of the imagination was soon dispel
led by the gentle gliding of a white sail
on the placid bosom of the James river,
laden with munitions of war, not to con
quer Powhattan or his descendants, but
to repel our hostile and violent Yankee
invaders.
A half hour’s walk brought me back to
the hospitals, among the sick and dying.
Here I will again enter upon my sad but
welcome duties, while you and your asso
ciates at home are laboring there for our
sick and wounded Georgia soldiers.
Yours, as ever. W. M. CRUMLY.
Terrible denunciation of The Alone Fleet
Illoekndr by the Boston Courier, an old
Whi g Organ.
The Boston Courier, an opposition,
old-line Whig Journal, has the following
article:
The criticism to which the plan of cho
king up the harbor of Charleston is subjec
ted by tbc London Examiner, on our first
page, with which we perceive other
foreign journals coincide, deserves much
more than transient consideration. Wc
may find the carrying out of this dclenda
est Caithaga policy a much mere serious
cause of hostility, and even of hatred to
wards us among all civilized nations, than
any deviation from a doubtful principle of
international law. We had supposed when
we have glanced at the accounts of prep
aration for this expedient, and until quite
recently, that it was intended for a more
effectual hut still temporary blockade that
could well be put into force by other means;
but we did not imagine that the object was
to change the very geography of nature
in a point so essential. We can only put
on record against it our unavailing remon
strance. The scheme is more than
heathen. When old Cato reported
at the end of every speech his per
petual formula, even in a Roman Senate
there was a Scipio always to retort,
•‘And my opinion is that Carthage should
stand.”
We hold with Scipio, not with Cato.
But even the purpose of the cruel old Ro
man was nothing to this. A hostile or re
bellious city, destroyed by ordinary means,
may be rebuilt, and be to other generations
if not now, the seat of comfort, pros
perity and happiness. But this choking
up for ever nature’s “channels of life, in
tercourse and plenty,” is a measure dicta
ted by neither wisdom nor any feeling
with whicli Christian principle could have
any sympathy. It will make us expressly
execrated as it becomes known by all the
civilized world. Nor is it to be overlooked
that other nations may allege with a rea
son which we shall find it difficult to an
swer : You can blockade your ports and
exclude us from a time for your advantage
or from your necessities, from commercial
benefits ordinarily free of all mankind.
But you have no right to change the or
dinance of nature, so as to deprive us and
all mankind forever of those benefits. If
you do. we can no longer regard you as of
the family of nations—but rather like some
savage beast retiring to his den, whom
tLose who are able haTe the right to as
sail and destroy—-after your own exam
ple.
As for the article quoted from the New
York Times, there is a depth of unearthly
malignity about it which we do not remem
ber ever to have read in army composition.
Even were the deed necessary in itself,
to perpetnate it with such feelings and
motives would be to surpass the barbarity
of the most remorseless savage.
“ What a Fall Was There My Coun
trymen /’’—The Chicago Tribune, draws
a contrast between the United States of
eighteen months ago and the dis-United
States of to-day, which rivals anj’thing of
the kind that has come to our notice from
the most graphic pen of southern journal
ists :
“But a year ago,” it asserts, ‘our peo
ple, from Maine to Georgia, were in the
actual enjoyment of more of the blessiugs
and happiness attendant upon a state ot
peace and the operations of a government
based on tlie loyalty and patriotism ol its
citizens, than ever tell to the lot of any
nation. Our national debt was small and
our taxes light. Our commerce internal
and external, was no where exceeded. At
home every branch of industry was pros
perous, and abroad we were respected and
feared in every quarter of the globe. No
nation could insult us, and our friendship
was sought, and an alliance with us cour
ted by all.”
Then hear the piteous but truthful con
trast of the present :
“In the short space of a twelvemonth
this glorious picture, so full of peace pros
perity a ml happiess, has become dimmed
and stained with national disaster and
degradation. Now we are realizing all
the dreadful agonies of a civil war. Finan
cial bankruptcy stares us in the face. Our
national debt is counted by hundreds ot
millions. Taxes more onerous and op
pressive than we ever imposed upon a free
people are being assessed against us. Our
commerce is preyed upon by the piratical
privateers of rebels and traitors, and worse,
tar worse, than all, we are becoming a by
word and a reproach among the nations of
the earth. Our great hereditary enemy
dares to insult us, and we trembling await
each foreign arrival to learn the extent of
our humiliation.”
Mr. Everett Turned Abolitionist.—The
Nashville Banner says: Edward Everett
has written aletter, and published it in the
N. Y. Ledger, which, if quoted correctly,
will somewhat detract from the concervative
reputation lie has so long enjoyed with a
large class of conservative people in the
South. In this epistle, he says, that the
issue has at length come to be made up on
the direct question, of free and slave
labor. Whatever may have been, the ir
repressible conflict has now begun. He
cannot doubt that time will prove the
triumph of all that the friends of freedom
can desire. Slavery, he says, must go
down. God has so willed it. 'I he Southern
rebeiion is a refutation of all the argu
ments cited by the politicians of the South
from the scriptures in favor of bondage.
Maryland, Kentuckey, Tennessee, Miss
ouri and Virginia, are inevitably destined
to become free States, no matter how the
war closes; and if the victory is on the
side of the Union, all of the cotton States
will, one by one, recede into reservoirs of
free labor. With these philosophic facts
staring the world so plainly in the face,
Mr. Everett sees no reason why the doc
trine of universal emancipation may not
with much propriety be at once declared,
asserted and maintained by the Federal
government. It would conciliate England,
he observes, and totaly alter the character
of her sympathy. All of this maybe very
fine, but wc would suggest that it is a little
too late to do much good. Mr E., we im
agine, is simply pandering to British feel
ings and Yankee prejudice, for some
codfish and personal, doubtless literary,
end ofhis own. His Ledger papers are,
for the most part, stale, flat and unprofita
ble, and do about as much harm as good,
for very few people read them
[,Sar. Republican.
LATER FROM KENTUCKY.
Memphis, Tenn., Jan. 23.—A despatch
dated at Paris, Tenn., says it was repor
ted that on Saturday afternoon ten Feder
al regiments of infantry, 1,S00 cavalry,
and 30 pieces of artillery, went to Murray,
Ky., and took possessions of the f’ourt
House, destroyed the papers, and released
six negroes from the jail. At the same
time 600 Federalists landed from their
gunboats at Highland.
It is understood that a Federal force of
30,000 men rendezvous at Murray.
On Tuesday the Federalists took pos
session of Boydsville, Ivy., IS miles
North-west of Paris. Tenn. Their scouts
are within a few miles of the latter place.
The Federalists arc stealing mules,
stock, provisions, teams, negroes, money,
and jewelry. The inhabitants reported
that tbe Federalists went towards Fort
Henry on Monday niglit, and made an at
tack on that point. Firing was heard here
in that direction to-day. The bridges
between Murray and Fort Henry have
been destroyed.
The Federalists have shut up the navi
gation of the river. The heavy rains and
consequent bad roads prevent the enemy
from making much progress.
Great excitement prevails here to-day,
and many families of slave-holders are
leaving.
It lias been reported that Fort Henry
has been reinforced, and will be able to
hold out against the enemy.
Important events may be expected in a
few days.
Death of Ex-President Tyler.—The
Confederate States will be clouded with
gloom in consequence of the death ef Ex-
President John Tyler, nis past political
history is well known, especially that
portion of it in connection with his Presi
dential term. He belonged to that school
of politicians which was conservative of the
rights of the States and ever jealous of the
encroachments of Federal power.
He was born in Charles city county
Virginia in 1790. He was elected to the
Legislature of Virginia at the early age of
twenty one. In 1826, he was elected
Governor of Virginia, and before the ex
piration of his term of office was elected to
the Senate of the United States. A differ
ence with Gen. Jackson, induced him to
resign his seat in the Senate and retire to
private life, from which he did not emerge
until he was nominated and elected Vice
President of the United States on the tick
et with Gen. Harrison in 1840. lie suc
ceeded to the Presidency of the United
States on the death of Gen. Harrison,
just one’month after the inauguration of
the letter. His disagreement with the
Whig party by whom he was elected is
well remembered. After his retirement
from the Presidency he never again enter
ed public life until his election to the
Virginia Convention and the Peace Con
gress last year, over which latter body he
presided. Returning from Washington he
espoused the cause of secession, and made
one of the most eloquent and powerful
speeches of his life as its advocate, lie
had just been elected :is a member of the
Permanent Confederate Cougress by the
people of the Richmond District. He was
a true patriot, a strict constructionist, and
man of comprehensive and elevated
intellect.
( Nashville Union and American•)
Changing' the name of Fort Lafayette.
M.,and were ordered to move, expecting
tlio enemy. We did not get undeAvav "h*
nn.il about 12. M After mSnJI**"*'
mile, we were ordered to take to cover
my was in view. Accordm-ly, the t’JT. e,le '
and l'iity-foarth Virginia volunteers an iV’T" “i
U tlnams Kentucky regiment, formed with or "i l
ty on a hillside, under cover of a fence i r, ‘
cavalry galloped to the front. We
formed, however, when wo were ao- a „, „ r , 1 Scar f e ‘d r
to line of march, the alarm turning l)u ,. , j 1
V\e then pioceeded to the west fork ’ 1 ”.. tl , lse -
creek where we remained in camp dming ,L,I
day. Thursday. 6 “*• '
! next
TUF. BATTLE.
Our forces formed in the forks of Midd’e ere i
give the enemy :i reception, who were adv», ’ °
in strong force. Captain Jeffrev’s artillery T"'
placed m batterv in the woods, snnnr.rmt i
”> vif.r f.~eb TtoiSSSS? c c " r
onel Moore s Twenty-ninth \ irginia remment , “
thrown upon a hill east of the east fork of T
creek, and Colonel Williams' Kentucky re(.„„
occupied a higher hill, to the right of Moore",
imeut. a re £
After waiting patiently for an hour, the er«m
were seen advancing up the valley of the ,. r 'u
and scattering themselves upon a range of hill, „
posite our position. s °P'
About one o'clock, P. M , a small p ir fy of c-ieai
ry showed t'-emselves immediately in front ofth
artillery ; apparently reconnoitering our positin
Captain Holiday's company of Kentucky cav ,|
opened fire upon them, and then fell back • »y,
a shell was thrown into their midst from one ,
guns- The enemy immediately fell back—th^
saddles being empty. This may be r. gardedT
the opening of the tight—trie tiring before bein’
The engagement soon
ocamogcueiai along our wnole line, the eneniv
seeking to dislodge ns from our position on th
hills. It would he unjust to them to say that thJ^
did not fight well. They made three distinct
tacks upon our position—and were three times r »
pulsed by our gallant fellows.
From the Albany, (N. Y.) Argus.
The following petition to Congress, for a change
of tho name of Fort Lafayette, is said to be in eir-
cuhtiou for signatures :
Petition of sundry Inhabitants of New York tu
change the Name of port Lafayette in the coun
ty of Kings :
To the Honorable the Senate and House of Rep
resentative of the United States in Congress as
sembled, the petition of the undersigned inhabi
tants of the State of New York lespeetlully show-
etb:
That many years since, the United States Gov
ernment, in order to protect and secure the city of
New York, erected on the shores of Long Island a
fortress, which is known as Fort Lafayette. That
this name was given to said fort as a mark of honor
and respect of the United States Government, tor
Gilbert Motier Marquis de Lafayette, whose friend
ship and services to the Colonies in their struggle
for the right of self-government are too welt known
to require repetition.
Not only during our Revolution, but tlirougnout
the French Revolution, and the subsequent chan
ges ot the government of Fiance, tlie name of La
fayette was ever on the side of constitutional lib
erty and against the employ ment of power and au
thority unrestrained by law. In 1794. his person
was seized on neutral territory, and lie was carried
into the dungeon of Madgeburg. At a subsequent
period he was delivered by the Prussian Govern
ment to the Emperor of Austria, and confined in
the Fortress or Prison of Olmutz. as a prisoner of
State General Washington endeavored in vain
to procure his release : the answer was, he was a .
political prisoner, not for having committed any ! confined to the pickets
crime, hut because his opinions were considered
dangerous to arbitrary and despotic power. Some
of the circumstances connected with his detention
and imprisonment may be gathered from a speech
in Parliament, made by the Right Honorable
Charles James Fox. in 1796, who said : , .
“The unfortunate DeLafayette, who deserved j I he fight lasted until about half-past four 0 '-
the praise of being a man of the most nncorrupt | < d°ck, P. M., with occasional interruptions. Oir
nature, who had the merit of steering between the ; forces retained their positions until after dark
two extremes of the parties that agitated liis coun- "'hen they fell hack in good order—being compel
try ; this firm, brave, and steady friend of his sov-; | e( i *° do s ° t° procure subsistence, the enemy kav.
ereign—the gallant and distinguished gentleman, | ing cut us off from our only mill.
equally the friend of his king and country, emi- Eolonel Trigg’s regiment was held as a reserve
grated aftSr the 10th of August. Upon neutral an , U °I participate in the fight.
ground he was seized by certain robbers in the' So far as we have been able to learn, tho enemv
service of the King of Prussia ; he was kept by that, made no attempt to follow us. Their loss n as
monarch for years in prisons and dungeons. He greatly larger tlmn ours; but what was its exteu;
was delivered from the King ot Prussia, on liis 1 we have not been able to learn,
recognition of the French, to the Emperor of Aus
tria, because he said he belonged to tile allies gen
erally, and by him he was kept in the same scan
dalous and inhuman bondage. From this dreadful
captivity he endeavori to escape—a circumstance
not very surprising—he is taken and sent back to
his prison, to experience more rigorous treatment.
At length, Madame De Lafayette, after enduring a j
series of most dreadful sufferings under the brutal J|
Robespierre from which she escaped by miracle, ce received here relative to"the “bank
flew on the wings of duty and affection to A lenna, • n c uattle
to solicit the Emperor for permission to give to her T lSlltng Creek Ky., states that the
husband the consolation of her attentions in his battle took place on Sunday last, eleven
prison. The Emperor granted her request; but on j miles from Mill Spring, in Pulaski co K v
i e , r . ar f ri « l n t T° f lmU o, the offi cer who had thej on Fishing Creek. Gen. Zollicoffer fell
care of M. DeLafayette told her. with openness , , ° 111 Ieil
and candor, that if she resolved to go down to the ^ great disaster occurred while
dungeon of her husband, she must submit to share I attacking the enem3’’s strong position.
in all the horrors of his captivity. [A burst of in-j The Confederates then retired to {hei-
dignationand sorrow hrokefrom every partofthe^^p, when the enemy eUackeJ Qnr
This, however, had no terrors for her affection-; breastworks and shelled our camps. Our
ate heart; she plunged into his dungeon and there j troops then retreated in disorder,
they remained together, the living and yet buried | The cause of the disaster will be fully
victims of this inhuman power. Nay, this is not inve8t j gated and while the b]; f
all, she applied fur leave to have a female atten-, • *, i i » *. AIC .
dant, instead of a male about her person ; this, she j asslll g rne probable causes, it may be
said, oven the implacable Robespierre had not de-: premature to announce it,
prived her; but even this request was brutally re- j —
fused. 3Y TEIiBGRAFH
M. de Lafayette remained a political prisoner j
until released by the interposition of Bonaparte Funeral Obsequies of Kx-Prmiitriit Trier
after his Italian victories of 1797. His subsequent'
file and history bore the same constant and unsha
ken fidelity to constitutional liberty and hatred to
despotic power and arbitrary imprisonmeut, wher
ever inflicted or by whomever exercised. The
name of Lafayette, therefore seems most inappro
priate for a fort converted to a prison, where men
are confined without legal process or criminal
charges, merely for political reasons, and instead
of honoring a patriot and recalling his virtues and
sacrifices in this, or the defence of liberty in his aua stra
own country, the present use of that foriress dis-1 a cor e g’ e ° the Cemetery,
graces his memory and is a reproach to us. We
therefore pray that the name of tiiat fort may be
changed, and to commemorate the uses to which
it is now applied, it may hereafter be called and
known as Fort 8eward.
And your petitioners as in duty bound will ever
pray.
The reporls of our ofiieers will give ail the partia-
ulars of the engagement which I have omitted —
i’articular incidents I must reserve until another
time.
FUTHER PARTICULARS OF THE
FIGHT AT FISHING CREEK, KY.
Richmond, Jan. 23.—Father inteill-
Richmond. 21*—The funeral of Ex President
Tyler notwithstanding the iuclmency of the weath
er, was largely attended. The funeral sermon
was eloquently and impressively pronounced by
Bishop Johns, in St. Paul's Church. Ho was
buried in Hollywood Cemetarv, ny the side of
Ex-President Monroe. President Davis, members
of Congress, Governor, members of the Virginia
Legislature, Heads of Departments, and an im
mense concourse of citizens and strangers forniti
The State Hoad—The Bridges.
We had the pleasure, on yesterday, of seeing in onr
eanctum, Major Rowland, the Superintendent of Ha
state Road. From him, we lenrn, that on the lfith m-
•tant, the passage over the whole line of the Road to
Chattanooga was clear to the Engines and Cars of the
Road, the obstructions to which, in the destruction of
the bridges across the Cbickamauga, having been re
moved by tbe erection of atliers. Major {Rowland lias
given liis personal attention to the erection of these
bridges, and has perseveringly labored to have them
finisned. in order that passengers and freights might bo
passed over the whole line of the State Road, without
being diverted to the East Tennessee Read, a day long
er than was absolutely necessary. One of the bridges
across the Chicamauga is thoroughly completed: the
other in a condition to pass the cars over without risk.
At the last named bridge, a freshet occurred a day or
two ago, that had nearly destroyed it—the water here
rises in a heavy freshet some twenty feet, and this was
the casethe other day, but through the vigilance of the
Superintendent and his assistants, the bridge was sa
ved, and it will now be finished in a few days, when
freshets can do it no injury.
In Major Rowland, the State lias an able and effi-
cient Superintendent of her great Railroad. All that per-
serving industry, vigilance, and economy can do, to
make his administration a successful one, we can assure
the people, will be forthcoming. There are “no drones
in his hive” nor will he tolerate any neglect of duty by
those over whom he exercises control. He is, however
fortunate in having about him those who have the inter
est of the Road at heart and who are faithful to their
trusts—Intelligencer.
Smoke Bouse Salt-Home-Z&ade Salt*
From the Fayetteville Observer.
Messrs Editors :—As saltis exceedingly scarce and
high you will please permit me through the medium of
your paper to give a few directions respecting liome-
manntact are of salt. Dig up the dirt in your smoke
houses as low down as is very salt. Throw a few bush,
els id' this dust into a hlid.. bid,, vat or something of the
kind. Apply water and stir it up well allow it to settle.
Then have you a stand prepared with clean sand as
though you were going to drip them as you do ashes,—
Then dip the water gently out of your hhd., bbh, or
whatever it is, and pour it up in this sand to drip.—
When you dip all out add more water and stir up again
as before. Do this until you get all the strength out of
the dirt, then add more and proceed as before. Drip
ping it through the sand will, 1 think, cause it to get
clear. It is an idea of my own, but I think it will an
swer the purpose well. You can at the same time car
ry ou your boiling ami as you drip down through the
sand keep adding the water to your boiler, and once a
day boil down. I think there can be plenty of salt thus
made to answer the demands of tbe people at present or
until there can be a supply obtained elsewhere. It
does not do well to drip the dirt at the start as you would
ashes, because the water will not run through readily.
And to make it without dripping the water through, the
salt is muddy; therefore dripping it through the sand is
suggested. Moore.
Deceased Soldiers.
Unfortunately, a very largeclass of persons are inter
ested in the following regulations of the Treasury De
partment. By following these directions the represen
tatives of decease^ soldiets con obtain their arrears ot
pay from the Government:
Treasury Department,
Second Auditor’s (mice,
December 3U, 1801
REGULATIONS.
For the Payment of claims for Arrears of Pay due to
Deceased Soldiers.
1st. When an Administrator is legally appointed, the
payment must be made to such Administrator, upon his
tiling ill this office the proper certificate of the clerk
under seal of the Court.
2d. Where the amount due exceeds one hundred dol
lars, administration will be required, otherwise not.
.’Id. When there is no Administrator payment will be
made first, to tiie widow ; second, to the child or chil-
INTERESTING FROM KENTUCKY.
Nashville, 20th.—The Fort Henry correspondent
of the Union and American, writiug under da f a
of the 19th, states that three Federal gunboan
came with three or four miles of the Fort, on Sat
urday, and tired twenty two shot from behind an
Island three miles below. The shot all fell short
mere than a mile. The Federals then retir
ed.
It has been ascertained since that they landed
2,500 Iroops at the ferry twenty two miles below
the fort. It is understood that between 8,00'i
Federals are marching from Mayfield, either upon
Fort Henry, or Pasis, Tenn.
Gen. Earl Van Dorn passed through this city
yesterday, en route for Bowling Green, from
whence it is understand that he will proceed to
the extreme western division of tho army to tak-
command.
SPECIAL NOTICES.
t dC The deep sympathetic feelins of the heart rnu-t
even speak louder than woiua. when we reflect on the
lamentable fact, that thousand of valuable lives might
have beeu saved, that tiave been swept from the fare
of creation, could they have fcnown the really valuable
properties of- Jacob’s Cordial.”
For Sale by Grieve & Clark also by Herty and
Hall. Stilt.
DYSPEPSIA CURED.
“May good digestion wait on appetite
And health on doth.”
rrtHE grand secretin the preservation ofhealth is '
1 prevent constipation, strive to secure a regular a:
vigorous action of the digestive functions, and whrn
symptoms of Costiveness present themselvesstcan be
immediatley relieved by taking Heymann’s Di>prr-
si a Elixir which in the most obstinate cases will b
found a speedy and permanent remedy.
Prepared and sold by A. B. <fc D. SANDS, Pm;-
gists, 100 Fulton Street, New York.
Sold by HERTY &. HALL, also by GRIEVE i
CLARK. 36 It.
Complaining-—We have heard repeatedly during
the last few days, persons complaining of weakness and
debility. We would say to all such, get some of M -
Lean's Strcngthtening Cordial and Blood Purifer.
It is beyond all doubt the only reinedv that will reno
vate and strengthen the system. The immense d
maud for it from alt parts of the United States is proof
enough of its beneficial effects. We know by experi
ence that itisa delicious remedy to take. Call and
try it. See the advertisement in another colnm::.
FROM THE NORTH CAROLINA
COAST.
Wilminton, Jan. 23.—It lias been raining
here all day, with a brisk wind from tbe
North East. There was a perfect gale
on the coast last night -
There is nothing new from the camps
below ^orfork.
VIRGINIA SENATORIAL ELEC
TION.
Richmond, Jan. 23.—In the Virginia
Legislature to-day, Hon RMT Hunter
was elected Confederate Senator on the
first ballot, by a very large majority; Hon
Wm Ballard Preston was elected on the
second ballot.
dren. (or, if minor, to the guardian producing the proper
certificate under the seal of the Court;) third, to the
father: fourth,to the mother; fifth, to the brothers and
sisters ; and lastly, to the general heirs.
4th. The claiming heir must produce his or her afti
davit, and that of two disinterested persons, staling tbt
relationship, and there is no other person entitled to
claim. For instance, if the claimant be a nu-ther, the
affidavit must state there is living neither wife, child
nor lather ot the deceased. The magistrate administer
ing the oath should certify to the creditability of the
witness, and tlie clerk of the Court should certify under
seal, that he is such magistrate.
Claims, prepared in compliance with the foregoing in
struetioiis, and transmitted to this office by mail, or oth-
erwise,wi/l receive as prompt attention as tho press of
business will allow.
W. TI. S. Taylor, Auditor.
I concur in and and approve the above.
Lewis Crugkr, Comptroller.
December 30, 1861.
right at Prestonsburg Kentucky.
The Lynchburg Bepubliean has received the fol
lowing account of the recent tight near Preston-
burg Kentucky, from the junior editor of the Ab
ingdon Democrat, who participated in it:
Camp ok Beaver Creek, Jan. 13. 1862-
For the last week we have been in the midst o<
stirring events. Last Sunday night our colonel
was notified by General Marshall that “tbe enemy
are reported to be entering Paintville: put your
regiment under arms quietly.” We were not at
tacked there, however, and on Monday morning at
2 o’clock, orders were sent to cook all the provis
ions we had, and prepare to fall back. We did so,
but our regiment was unable to leave camp until
3 1-2 o'clock, P. M. and only made some six miles ;
bat such was the execrable condition of the roads,
that all the trains did not get over until Tuesday
night. We rested, therefore, dnriDg that day.—
Next morning we werearoused at 2 1-2 o’clock, A.
BADWAY'S REGULATING PILLS.
Blessed as a Providential Specific by the Church
The Catholic Priests of South America Curt the
Sickicith Rad way's Pills.
The invalid world discharging the eatliartie poi>' n*
Mercury and Calomel, demand ItADWAY’S KEGC -
BATING PILLS. And why ? Because they operate
immediately, but mildly; because they do not scrap-
and convulse the bowels like the corrosive purgat v*
and common pills, because one of them is inurrfl 1 ' ;i
than ten of those that are given wholesale; bet-nto-*
they enable the sick to sleep, being composing, instnrt
of irritating; because they cure all the bowel and stun-;
ach complaints, resulting from cold, exposure,
damp, unhealthy air; in short because they reguiu’-
andtouetlie whole system, equaliziug the whole sys
tem, equalizing the circulation, and restoring to the
digestive organs uniform and healthy action.
In South America, the Priests of the Catholic churc-i
administer them to the sick. In tliecitvof t/uito.' 1 '
the capital of Equador, the Arclipishoouses Rudirsy'
Ready Relief, and the Preasts are curing the '
afflicted with diseases of the liver, stomach, bowt-'
and kidneys, with marvellous speed. Iu these n-u -
tries, Qainine, Calomel, and Mercury is admini-t «
in wholesale doses. Radway’s Pills have effecti
wonders in em-liorating the suffeiings of the peopa'.
induced by the use of these poisons.
RADWAY’S READY RELIEF.
Rahway's Readt Relief is the most prompt reni'i
dy in the known world, it instantly cheeks discai-e*
that would porve mortal if unarrested, and gives time
for ulterior treatment. It stops spasmodic action ai
revives persons from aspyxia er apparent dca 11
Those who take it as an occasional tonic, may - e, J
noxious inhalations. It prevents and cures fever an-'
ague. Given ou the first appearances of any
disease it wards off the attack. Keep it always wK
it can be instantly found iuthe night, in case of sww"-
Cliolera, Cholic, Neuralgia, Cramp, Paralysis. Ktn j
matiepains, etc., &.c. Applied outwardly to externa
hurts, it removes pain and prevents inflamation. _
Radway's Renovating Resolvent is perioromf-
prodigies in bronchitis, and all ti.e lung and throat d ^
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Regulating Pills it succeeds when all other trr ‘
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hereditary or casual,gives way to its purifying > E
ence. , (irf
Some remarkable cures of opthalmia. sore eve-, e
nose, sore mouth, audeaueer, have been recently e ^
ted by Radway's Renovating Resolvent. it is , Y.’,.
positive cure for cancer, syphilis, scrofula, and c
tutional infirmities in the world.
Radway’s Remedies are sold by druggists ever.
RADWAY & CO.,23John Street,N T -
acests.
HERTY & HALL,
Milledgeville; DAVIS A
A **
GREEN, Eatonton; J. C. BATES, Louisville; ^
ALLEN, Sandersville. —
Advice—As the hot season is npp™~’ M d
person should prepare their system for the c »
there is no remedy so applicable as, yj pB
Strengthening Cordial and Blood Eunfier. jffle
rify the blood thorough-, and at the
strengthen and invigorate the whole 1?*.^ pri> ,f
The immense quantity of it that is **^^ alI ^ 0T jng »
enough of its great vi ^ ues h| , '^ h ° r ^f 8ay \ 0 all try *
impure matters from the blood. Weisayi t)jc .
It is delicious to take. See advertisement A-
column. ———7
efotouro^ffiono*; For sale by Herty