Southern federal union. (Milledgeville, Ga.) 1861-1862, September 09, 1862, Image 1

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Newspaper Page TextUOittHTON, NISBET & BARNES, Tublishers and Proprietors. , boucbtow,, jin. H. WIWBKT. ' Editor*. (Tjjc ^ontlm J’ebtral Slnioit Is ii/blisheJ Weekly, in Mi/ledgerH/r, Ga., Corner of Hancock and Wilkinson St*., opposite Court House.) At S3 a year in Advance. » VOLUME XXXIII.] MILLEDGE VILLE, GEORGIA, TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 9, 1862. [NUMBER 16. ISA TEX OF ADVERTISING /Vr square of ticelcelines. ( -j n , insertion^! 0>l, and fifty cents for each subsequent .ontiuuance. r ’lK)Si- sent without t He specification of thenumberot insertions will be published till forbid and charged Businessn'r'Professional Cards, per year, where they do not exceed Six Lines - - - $10 00 A liberal contract tcill be made tcith those icho icisk. to Advertise ly the year,occupying a specified space legal advertisements. Sales of Land and Negroes, by Administrators. Ex- ecutorsor Guaruians, are required by law tube held on the first Tuesday in the mouth; between the hours of | ii in tic forenoon and three iu the afternoon, at the Court Iwuse in the county in which the property is sit- “ N'otice of tbeeesales must be given in a publicga- zt .-; • to days previous to the day ofsale. V, e ices for the sale of personal property must be giv en i .ke manner 10 days previous to side day. \ iticestotfie debtors and creditors of an estate must a l-o be published 40 days. ' Notice that application will be madetothe Courtof it-.’ miry for leave to sell Land or Negroes, must be tied for two months. 1 i' ations forletters of Administration Guardianship, .Vr , must be published 30 days—for dismission from tdmiuistration, monthly si.c months—for dismission rrom Guardianship. 40 days. Rules for foreclosure of Mortgage must be published monthly for four months—for establishing lost papers, for the full space of three months—for compelling titles from Executors or administrators, where bond has been given by the deceased, the full space of three months. Publications will always be continued according to ese, the legalrequirements, unless otherwise ordered • the following RATES: Citations, on letters of administration, Ac. “ “ dismissory from Admr’n. “ “ “ Guardianship. \-s ve to sell Land or Negroes X. ice to debtors and creditors, s . I- of personal property, ten days, J sqr. J 50 < i >fland or negroes by Executors, Ac. pr sqr. 5 00 F.straya, two weeks 1 50 For a man advertising his wife (in advance.) 5 00 COUNTING HOUSE CALENDAR, 1862. but who declaim against it. in orde^^ 15 miles bt;Iow Wint^tester. = — —=- —. i the odium of its accomplishment om* tot cant V- ^ ^ § Mifiu Within half ^captured&e Yan- on the grave of Black Republicanism.— kee pickets, who mistook our^Wtes for a Needless solicitude! There are tho^e who scouting party of their own men. On whisper that William II. Seward projects questioning these pickets it was ascertain- £ ■ cF| s frr f' ... . „ . §-i %. i. % 5:1 - § j an escape from the Cabinet in time to a- ed that the force in town consisted offour- j The Southern generals have been extreme- first full accounts of battles from the North ern correspondents, and from the publish- of Northern generals. Yet this is the inevitable result of keeping corres pondents out of the Confederate armies. GIST 4 50 3 on 4 00 3 00 BOOK-BINDING. The Subscriber is now pre pared to do Eook'Sind- ing, in all its branches. Old Books rebound, Ac. MUSIC bonnd in the best style Blank Books manufactured to order. Prompt attention will be ivan to all work entiusted to me. S. J. KIDD. Kinder? in Noutliern Frdernl I'nion Office. Milledgeville, March 19th, 1861. 43 COURT CALLENDER FOR 1862. SUPEE.IOE. COUNTS. JANUARY. i!il Monday, (,’liatliam. "Floyd J An t 1 2 3 4 Icly 5 67 8 9 10 11 12 1.3 14 15 16 17 18 .'.'20 21 222324 25 262 . 28 29 30 31 Fj:b’y. 1 \ 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 202! 22 23 21 25 26 27 2.9 Mar. ! : _ 1 Sep.t'r j 2 3 4 5 6 . 8 I 9 1011 12 1314 15 16 17 Is 192021 22 23 24 25 20 27 2» 29 30 31 April 12 3 4 SOctob’r 6 7 8 910 11 12 13 14 15 1C 17 18 19 20 21 222324 2526 27 28 29 30 May. 1 2 3 Novkm . 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 II 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 192021 222324 25 26272829 30 31 Dec eh. l' 2 3 4 5t 6 7j 8 9 10 II 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 1920211 22 23 24 25 2627 28 29,3o) x void the odium of the acknowledgment of teen men. A charge was ordered, and ; I ,4 ? ; • the result of his own handiwork. Hope- the Yankees taken completely by surprise, j : i : • j; iess attempt! : and suriendered without firing a shot. The j—- — — For our part, permanent separation is an , spoils at this point were 17 horses, (some 6 7 8 9 lo n i* ^ea t0 we cannot reconcile our of them very fine ones,) 20 Colt’s navy 1314 15 16 17 18 19 i minds-for it is the knell of civil liberty, revolvers, five Sharp’s carbines, in fine and of all other liberties, on this conti- condition, 18 Yankee saddles, bridles, and nent. It is the harbinger of huge stand- trappings, and a large number of gum over- iug armies, of enormous taxation, of indus- coats, blankets, Ac.—Richmond Dispatch. try oppressed, and of peoples crushed.— j _ Apprehension of this is already freighting ; The Press mid iht i,iv. many ships with American citizens, re- i We recently called attention to the or- 20 21 22>3 21 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 | 10 11 12,13 14 15 16 | 17 18 19 20 2122-23 j 24 25 26 2* 28 29 30 i 31 1 2, 3 4 5 6 j - . - „ 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 nounemg the country, and ileeing with dcr of Gen. Van Horn to tie effect that if 2i 22232A 252627 ' can save of their effects. It is the editor or proprietor of .any newspaper, 2b29 30j ‘ I an idea that we steadfastly refuse to ac- printed in his Department— J cept, hut to counteract it, to remedy it, “Shall publish any editorial article, or | justice may generally be eliminated ; and ly sensitive about the publicatio^iof fact and somewhat morbid about popular crit icism. They should remember that se- cresy and silence are contrary to the gen ius of popular institutions, and that public opinion is made up from many voices.— They are servants of the people, appoint ed by the Executive head elect of this popular government. They hkve no right to claim exemption from criticism, nor can they raise themselves above the utterance of public judgment, except by usurpation and a violation of constitution and law. The press of the South is not perfeet-it is not infallible. What is? But truth and s 9 10 ]| our 1)ee d is pc 12 13 14 15 16 17 is 19.20 21 22 23 24 2 j 26 27 28 29 30 31 2 3-4 5 6 7 r arc. What is the trap of pence 1 The way of peace, among peoples, is compromise. There is no other way.— When Solomon died, the Ten Tribes of copy into his paper any article or para graph, calculated to impair confidence in any of the commanding officers whom the President may see fit to place over the troops, such editor or proprietor shall he subject to fine and imprisonment, and the publication of the paper hereafter he sus- 28 29.30 3! JULY. 1st Monday, Fiovd" AUGUST. 1st Monday Lumpkint 2d Monday, Campbell Clark 1 law .-on |3d Monday, Forsyth PolK Glascock Mcrriwetbe Walton 4tli Monday, Baldwin Jackson Monroe l’anlding Taliaferro Walker Thusday after, Pierce FEBRUARY. B: Monday,Clink t Lumpkin 3d Monday, Campbell Dawson 3d Monday, Forsyth Polk Glascock Merrhvetker Walton 4tU Monday, Baldwin Jackson Monroe Paulding Taliaferro Walker .MARCH. 1st Thursday. Pierce • 1st Monday, Appling Chattooga Cherokee Coweta Colombia Ciawford Gwinnett Madison Marion Morgan fid Monday, Butts Bart ow Coffee Elbert Fayett Greene Pickens Washington Webster 3J Monday, Cobbt Calhoun Hall Hart Heard M aeon Newton Talbot . Tattnal Wn-e Thursday after While Friday alter,Bulloch 4th Monday, Clinch Putnam Rabun Chattahoochee Lee Twiggs Wilkes Johnson Milton Thursday after Habersham ter the 4th > Echols 4thThursday, Montgomery Monday ) I OCTOBER 1st A 2d Mon. Cai roll 1st Mondav, Dool APRIL SEPTEMBER. 1st Monday, Appling Chattooga Cherokee Columbia Coweta Crawford Madison Marion Morgan 2d Monday, Butts Bartow Coffee Elbert Payette Greene Gwinnett Pickens * Washington Webster [3d Monday, Cobbt Calhoun Hall Hart Heard Macon Newton Talbot Ware j Bulloch Thursday after White 1h Monday, Clinch Putnam Chattahoochee Lee « Twiggs Wilkes Johnson Milton Rabun Thursday after Habersham Mondav af- ) e . _ xl. " V M "“^ f af - ( Echols day I Effingham ist A 2d Mon. Carroll 1st Monday, Dooly Franklin Euianu jl Early p’ulton Gordon Pike Taylor Warren Wilkinson I hnrsd'vafter Banks 2d Monday, Hancock Richmond Harris . Laurens Miller Sumter Tuesday after, McIntosh 3d Monday, Giynn Haralson Henry Jones Liberty Murray Oglethorpe Pulaski Stewart Monday Worth after" "Bryan 4tb Monday,Wayne Deeatur DeKalb Houston Jasper Lincoln Schley Whitfield Wilcox Friday after, Telfair Camden Thursday after, Irwin Monday “ Berrien Charlton MAY 1st Monday. Clayton Scriven Gilmer Randolph Upson 2d Monday, Catoosa Jefferson Chatham P'aunin M itche’l M uscogee M Monday, Bibb Burke Quittman Spalding Troup Union Baker Tlm-sday after Towns 4th Monday, Dade Terrell Last Monday. Colquitt JUNE. 1st Monday, Lowndes Dougherty 21 Monday, Brooks Clay 3d Monday, Thomas mproiuKr w:fh tin- Mouth Advocalrd. The “Freeman’s Journal and Catholic Register,” of New York, has the following editorial on the necessity of “compromis ing” with the Southern Confederacy: THE WAV Ft) PEACE. , Is it sought to end this war by the Nortli- c rush rug the South? For such a purpose no adequate exertion has yet been made. If that is the game, the call for only three hundred thousand more soldiers is as in commensurate as was the call sixteen months ago for st rentpfire thousand to whip the South and retake the forts.— We leave aside the question whether any united and determined people numbering twelve, or, as is the fashion to compute it, eight millions, can he crushed on their own soil. It was by Irish aid that Ire land was subjugated to England. Belgi um stands there with her ■> millions, more populous and more independent than ever ever before—though she has been theatre of the most famous battles of Europe cen tury after century. Switzerland, with less than th/ce millions of people, has suc cessfully defied the legionary hearts of Austria, of Lorraine, of Burgundy, and of France. Portugal, with less than four millions, has always succeeded in restrain ing the attempts cl’Spain, in the proudest days of the latter, to absorb her, by her preponderating power. It seems to be one of the axioms of Bo naparte, which time sanctions as profoundly true, that “A people, to he free of another, lias but to will it!” If the United States , are to prove this an unsound axiom, it must : he by a far different display of power from anything yet exhibited. Volunteer ing must he abandoned, and drafting re sorted to. It is no three hundred thou sand men, but a million, that the instant necessities of the case call for. Hitherto the partisans that originated this pestifer ous quarrel—from the Wades and Chases, and Sewards, and Biddings, and Sumners, and Chandlers, in Congress, or the Beech ers and Cbeeveis, and “three thousand preachers” of New England in the pulpit, down to the gawky Quaker or Bloomer women’s husband, who reads nothing but Greeley’s “Weekly Tribune”—have, asa rule, left the war that has resulted, to he fought out by the very men at the North who have denounced and.depreciated their wicked conspiracies. But this must end if the war is to he kept up. The innocent have, thus far, suffered for the gjility, hut the guilty will have to suffer, in their own persons, the horrors of war, if the brute force principle is to be carriel out. It must he a war in which enough of substi tutes cannot he found. A year ago those who pleadedjbr peace were called “Secessionists,” “traitors,” etc. Then, the pica was that tlio rcar was to set free the ( nion loving pcojle of the South from the gripe of a Sece*>ion fac tion. Then ire pleaded for pant, on the very ground that there was bii 11 at the South such a sentiment, and it only re quired peace to develop it. We pleaded that war must destroy it-tliat only peace could give it opportunity. That is all past. W e say yet, that, nearer or more remote,- the only hope for re-union on the old, noble, grand idea of otr forefathers, must date the beginning of its work for re alization in the establishment of an honor able peace. As the gallant Tom Seymour, ex-Governor of Connecticut, said in bis letter quoted by us last week it is a ‘mon strous fallacy’ to ‘ignore peaceful meas ures” and trust to ‘subjugatirg the South’ bv the sword as a means of re-union, d lie Union that secured our liberties as free men was a Union of free consent between tlie States. The violation of that funda mental idea of consent, and ot reserved day > Montgomery i rights, not only rallies to the rebel stand,- , : i aid thousands attached to the old Govern- 1 ment, hut has so invaded our liberties here j in the loyal States that we write senten- i cessuch "as these-demanded by onr con- ! science—the mere reiteration of the senti ments of the men who foimed the Consti tution—not knowing hut that, lor publish- in" them, some clerk in the Executive Department may order subservient agents by the hands of violence, to convey us again to the dingy of walls ot l'ort La fayette. The "Union-loving people of the seced ed States!” Who are they ? Read the is 17-!h 19202F.-? ! Israel gathered to complain to his son, 232125 26 27 2>Roboam, that the yoke of his father’s gov- i ij 3 6 j eminent discomforted them. The wise pended.” 14 15 !6 17 is 19 men counseled Roboam to speak softly We have also noticed the communica- ^'2^3*24 25 26j._, 7 j to the rebels, and to acquiesce in theirde- i tion of Gen. Bragg, August 5th, through mands, and that thus they would cleave to 1 his A. A. I. Gen. Slaughter, to the editor his throne forever. The ignorant men, of of the Montgomery Advertiser, stating that a newer generation, advised him to refuse he had arrested his correspondent iu the ‘to treat with rebels with arms iu tlieir j army, and containing the following threat [ hands.’ He took the advice of the fools, j in regard to himself and his j<a}Hr. j and Isreal told Judah to look to his own j ‘1 our Correspondent was arrested for a house, and they separated foiever. 1 gross violation of well known rules in all History is full ot the like instruc- ! armies—not to declare to the enemy the lions. Not long since we cited the con- movement of troops. It is well ascertain- duct of Louis XI, ot France, who, by a j ed that the enemy receive your paper and frank compromise with liis powerful rebel others regularly, and by that means are vassals, disarmed them, and thus made of j kept constantly advised of our operations, the I rank communities one united French I As long as you confined yourselves to per- I nation. ‘Treat with rebels with arms in their hands !’ So exclaims the ignorant New Englander—who knows nothing of history, not even that of his own corner of this continent. In that corner, indeed, moderation has never been practised. But, what proud and haughty kingdom or roy al family of Europe is there that has not I emy, treated with ‘rebels with arms in their hands?’ Did the house of Charlemagne disdain to treat with rebels? Did the house of Hugh Capet ? Did tfie Haps- burghs? Did the Bantagenets ? Some such stuff was indeed professed by the house of Stuart-for which o:ie of them lost his wicked head, and another of them was driven, with his heirs, from the throne of England. It has been charged, also, that the Bourbons have affected the same ideas, and this has been taken as a grand proof that they are no longer fit to reign over men. Henry VII of England was a wise king. He did more than any other that ever sat on the throne of that kingdom to strength en royal power over the realm. How did He treat the powerful Earl of Kildare, in Ireland, when the latter, an adherent of the house of York, not once only, hut twice, jDyied the standard of pretenders to the throne ? Even when the Earl was attain ted by Parliament for treason he pardoned him, not because he thought there was jus tice or truth in his cause hut because he vas a power in the realm. The full history of the affair deserves a development not possible here. The moral of it is, what all great State policy, in every age of the world, has exhibited, that the way of na tion grandeur and strength is only by com promise with existing forces. Emanuel F ranklin Early Fulton Gilmer Gordon Taylor AVarren Wilkinson Ptke Thursday after Banks :2d Monday, Fannin Richmond Hancock Harris Laurens Miller Sumter 3d Monday, Glynn Haralson Henry Jones .Murray (Ij^L-t horpe Pulaski Stewart Union W.rth Thursday after Towns 1 Thursday aft |4th Monday, Wayne Deeatur DeKalb Houston Jasper Lincoln Schley Tattnall Whitfield Wilcox Friday after, Tellair Camden Thursday after, Irwin Mondav after Charlton NOVEMBER. 1st Monday. Berrien Scriven Clayton Effingham Randolph Upson !2d Monday, Catoosa Jefferson Mitchell Muscogee 3d Monday, Bibb Bnrke Quitt.uian Spalding Troup Baker 4th Monday, Dade Terrell Thursday after. McIntosh Monday “ Colquitt *• “ Liberty Mon. after Liberty, Bryan DECEMBER. Ist Monday, Dougherty Lowndes 2d Monday,[Brooks Clay |3d Monday Thomas Cniuure of Rnilrond Train between Win* chewier and Harper’s Ferry. On "Wednesday week Capt. Baylor’s company of cavalry, under the command of Lieut. Rouse, was ordered from camp at Harrisonburg, to Mount Jaekson, in She nandoah county, for the purpose of per forming picket duty at that point. Leav ing a sufficient picket force for the post, under the command of a Sergeant, the balance of the company, thirty men, un der Lieuts. Rouse aud Baylor proceeded down the Valley Road. Thursday night they stayed at Woodstock, and at noon the next day they left that place and went down as far as Newton, eight miles from Winchester, which they reached about 10 o'clock. They traveled all that night, and encamped near the line of Jefferson and Clarke counties, between Summit Point and Wadesville. At each of these points—the distance between which is only four miles—there was a Federal force of seventy-five to one hundred. Their oh ject was the capture of the passenger train on the Winchester and Potomac Railroad, and were eminently successful. On Saturday afternoon, about 4 o’clock, they ventured to the railroad, and in a few minutes the sound of the engine was heard. A quick disposition was made of the forces, and obstructions were at once placed on the track to bring the train to a sonal abuse and detraction, though false and malignant (see article on the relief of Gen. Beauregard by Gen. Bragg, charg ing collisions between the latter and the and the War Department,) Gen. Bragg cared nothing for it. . it when you a.-saT’ our cause, and expose-Vf plans to the en- it becomes his ty to interfere ; and you may rest ast d he will do it, regardless of the support you hare in the Cabinet." The Constitution under which wc live, expressly provides that— •Ooqgress shall make no law abridging the freedom of speech or of the press.’ 'i’lie following is the legislation of Con gress in regard to the suspension of habeas corpus, which we find in the pamphlet acts of Congress 1862: Chap. 11. An Act to Authorize the Sus pension of the Writ <f Habeas Corpus in Certain Cases. The Congress of the Confederate States dri enact, That during the present inva sion of the Confederate States, the Presi dent shall have power to suspend the priv ilege of the writ of habeas corpus in such cities, towns and military districts as shall, in his judgment, be in such danger of attack by the enemy as to require the declaration of martial law for their effect ive defence. Approved, February 27th, 1S62. Chap. XLIY. An Act to Limit the Act Authorizing a Suspension of the Writ of Habeas Corpus. The Congress of the Confederate States do enact, That the Act authorizing the suspension of the writ of habeas corpus, is hereby limited to arrests made by the au thorities of the Confederate Government, or for offences against the same. Sec. 2. Re it further enacted, That the Act which this Act is intended to limit, shall continue in force thirty days after the next meeting of Congress, and no longer. * Approved, April 10th, 1862. It is clear, therefore, that the President, and nobody but the President, has the power, in a pressing contingency, and dur ing a liiwted time, to suspend the writ of habeas corpus, and then only in eases where martial law has been proclaimed. No general has any authority to suspend the privilege guarantied to the citizen by the iundamental law of the land. No gen eral has authority for abridging the tree- dom of the press, also guarantied to the citizen. It is, therefore, clear that Gen erals Van Dorn and Bragg have exceeded their authority, and undertaken to usurp power expressly denied to them by the constitution and laws of the land- Freedom of the press, like all human institutions, is liable to abuse ; but it is pregnant with infinitely more of good than evil.. Giving utterance to the various views and feelings of the people.it devel ops opinion in tangible form. Public opinion is the breath of. life to Republics. It has usually been considered the bulwark ot popular liberty, aud an infallible crite rion of the freedom of Government. This right of freemen, in a free country of Re- "May holds three weeks, if necessary, at each teim. tJadgo not required to draw Jurort for two ■we* ks T and not obliged to hold two weeks’ Court •u coanties of Cobb and Lumpkin. correspondence of the ‘Herald, ‘limes aud ‘Tribune’—those organs of the Hlack Republican regime. I he * 1 ribune cor respondent tells us, lying as usual, that they are the negro slaves. 1 he ‘Herald’ and ‘Times’ correspondents tell us, alas too truly, that there is no such element left. In New Orleans, in Memphis, in Virginia, in North Carolina, in those \ery cities and States where it might chietly by expected, the prolonged occupation by Union arms produces only an extinguish ment of any glimmer of Union feeling that had been thought to exist. What are we, then, to look forward to ? Is it a permanent separation ? r I here are opponents of Lincoln’s Administration, professing to he knowing ones, who have publicly, said that this is already looked to as speedy result. There are professed ^Democrats who consider it must happen, in.lt. When the train had reached within j publican States, confederated together for one hundred yards of the obstructions the j common defence, it is the deliberate pur- command was given to halt, but the frigli- i pose of Major Gen. Van Dorn’s Older to teneri engineer took no heed of the com-I suppress within the district of country mand. A fire was then opened upon the | comprising his Military Department- His train from some dozen or more revolvers, j order would stifle all voice hut that of and very soon the obstructions were reach- I praise of the agents who derive their au- ed and the train brought to a stand still, j thority from tLe people through their le- The cars were at once entered, and the I gal channels. And Gen. Bragg’s threats Yankee soldiers on board, eight in num- j to ‘interfere’ with a distant editor’s con- ber, on their way to join their companies [ duct of his paper—(au editor whose paper in Winchester, were secured. The agent of Adams Express Company’, who attempt ed to effect his escape was shot at and badly wounded iu the thigh. The ex press car was opened, and baskets of champagne and boxes of delicious fruits found, and partaken of by onr troops. The express safe was opened, and United States money, to the amount of some four contributed no little to secession in Ala bama, and is now devoted to the cause, and in consequence of an alleged indiscre tion of a correspondent in the army in giv ing intelligence, which the editor states was first promulgated on tiie authority of Gen. Bragg himself) —is likewise a direct blow at the freedom of thg press, which should arrest the attention of the Southern thousand dollars, consigned to a Federal I people. payman in Winchester, was extracted, with'a number of other valuable arti cles. The U. S. mail was also secured, con taining, amongst other documents, official despatches from General Pope to Briga dier General White, at Winchester. These dispatches have beetf forwarded to Gener al Jackson. Fires were then built in the two passenger cars, and firewood piled on to facilitate the burning. A full head of 6team was put on the engine, and the machine started in the direction of Win chester. The prisoners captured on the train were placed under Lieut. Roland and thirteen men whilst the remaining seven teen, under Lieut. Roubc and Baylor, pre ceded to Smithfield, in Jefferson county, t Eat is precisely the value of a free press ; not that facts and opinions may be dicta ted by men in power, but that each may have the opportunity of exercising his own mind and expressing his own conclusions for what they’ are worth, and under all proper responsibility. In our opinion, the Southern editors have exhibited a care and secretiveness never before seen in journalism, because the Southern press is devoted to the cause, and are as much in terested in keeping information from the enemy as the generals and soldiers them selves. Popular government is based upon the people’s virtue, intelligence and knowl- edge—their full capacity for adopting the right measures and selecting the right a- gents to secure their liberties and safety as a Confederacy of States and as individ ual citizens. They’ are willing to put all proper confidence in their agents in the civil Government and in the army. But they are unwilling to give themselves up wholly ii ‘u the hands of those whom they have ere ed. and to be deprived of all voice an^ judgment upon their conduct. They v ant no masters, either foreign or domestle-in the government, or in the armv—f- urn the North or from the South ; and they will have none, except by con quest ot the sword. No one attributes to Gen. Van Dorn, or to Gen. ’ Bragg, any settled design upon the Vries of their country’, or any selfish purpos . acting as they have done - — Grantin • them entirely influenced by dis interested motives and purely patriotic im pulses, the question is, not whether they mean right, but what is the effect of such steps as they have taken—not upon the operations they have in hand, hut upon the condition of the people, the character of the government, and the status of the army and its commanding officers in relation to the country. They may, indeed, have a poor opinion of the citizens of the country’; they may deem it expedient to suppress the voice of the people and for those eleva ted to power to carry on the administra tion and army operations regardless of the people’s opinions, judgments and wishes. Yet they’ should be instructed that such views are inconsistant with the fundamen tal doctrines upon which the government they serve is constructed. Such views savor entirely of aboluteisin, and suit the latitude of Russia better than America. They suit the army ; they do not suit the citizen. If should he remembered that the government of armies and the govern ment of citizens are different things here, based and administered upon principles radically different. It should be consid- i ered that when the voice of the citizen is stiffed by fine and imprisonment, and the utterance of the commanding officer of an army is set up as the sole allowable ex pression of opinion, the liberty’ of the citi zen is gone, he passes under the yoke of a military despotism. Unquestioning obe dience is undoubtedly’ the governing prin ciple of armies, and is due front inferior to his superior in rank. This is military gov ernment ; it is not republican government. But the citizen is the full equal of the military officer in political rights and priv ileges. As citizen, it is the political prin ciple of the republican States of this Con federacy that every citizen has a right to state facts, and to question and criticise all those who are empi >yed by the popu lar government of this country, either in private or in public ; and in so doing, the laws provide adequate preventives and remedies for all who abuse the right to the detriment of citizens or country.— Discussion, criticism of measures and of men, is the life-blood of our political organ ization. To prevent it is to revolutionize the government from its foundation. For this purpose the plea of military necessity cannot he abused.— Charleston Mercury. “Eo. SaVILLE.’’—We published in yesterday's Examiner an account taken from the New York Tribune of a brilliant and audacious telegraphic feat performed by "Ed. Savi.le - ’ on the line of telegraph between Memphis and Corinth It will he recollected tliat“Ed.' ? had lapped the telegraph wire within fifteen miles of Memphis, and for a week had read the Yankee official dispatches, ’"some of which were of the utmost importance, giving the very information most desired by the Confederates." The Tribune says that Mr. Hall the operator in Memphis, on receiving a message from the outsider, recognized him as Ed. Savilh - , a young man formerlv in the Buftalo and other Northern offices, but now in the employment of the Confederates. Mr. Edward Saville is well known, and has ma ny friends in this city. He is a young English man of excellent character and fine intelligence. At the Breaking out of the war he was an employ ee in the telegraph office at Augnsla. Georgia, and was turned out by the postmister-general because of his refusal to take the oath of allegiance to the Southern Confederacy. Upon that occasion he avows his attachment to the Confederate cause, and expressed his willingness to take an oath of secrecy.or, indeed any oath which did not involve the renouncing of his allegiance to his native country The directors of the telegraph company were w illing to retain liim upon his taking the usual oath ot secrecy, bat the postmaster general being satisfied with uofhihg short of an absolute oath of allegiance, Saville left the office. Some- Tbe Danger Delay. I am of opinion that prudence dictates some provision for the increase of the ar my in the event of emergencies not now an ticipated. The very large increase of for ces recently called into the field by the President of the United States, may ren- i i it necessary hereafter to extend the pro vision of the conscript law so as to embrace persons between the ages of thirty-five and forty-five years. The vigor and efficen- c v of our present forces, their condition, and the skill and ability which distingush their leaders, inspire the belief that no further enrollment will be necessary. But a wise foresight requires that, if a necessity should be suddenly developed during the recess oj Congress requiring increased forces tor oui defence, means should exist for calling such forces into the field without awaiting the re-assembling of the legislative de partment of the Government.—President's Message. If, in the spring of ‘61, b’efore leaving Montgomery, all the troops which offered had been received into service by the Confederate Executive, and if one-half of them had been sent to the Potomac, Wash ington might easily have been taken and Maryland been redeemed from the North ern yoke. United States armies were not then raised and disciplined. The North was not then better armed than the South. The superior morale and fiery valor of the Southern volunteers, added to their better acquaintance with the gun and horse, could at that time have achieved results more readily than now, when the North ern soldier, better armed, better acquain ted with gun and horse and converted into an automaton), is moved according to the military skill of his commanding officer. But that great opportunity was lost. Thousands of men were rejected because they offered for twelve months, and our for ces on the Potomac were left so weak for a precious period that studied conceal ment of their feebleness was necessarily practiced by Gen. Beauregard, and this alone saved them from destruction by the enemy. Meantime. McClellan fortified Washington and the Grand Army was rais ed and drilled. We lost the time for the The bifficalty if Maintaining Free Go vernment. Despotisms usually prevail in the governments of the world. Free governments have been exceptions, and have usually been of brief dura tion. If ever there was a free govern ment which promised durability, it was the Government of the Uuited States. Inheriting from their English ancestors the great principles aud in strumentalities of lree government, with a grand safety-valve against pauperism—in vast unoccupied territo ries—the expension of the people of the United States, and the extension and maintenance of free institutions of government for generations to come, have been deemed an admitted destiny. And yet, at the very first bold usurpa tion, within a few months, the whole fabric of free government, reared by the Constitution of the United States, has tumbled into ruins. Louis XIV. was not more despotic in seizing citi zens by Letters de Cachet and casting them into prison than President Lincoln. The writ of Habeas Carpus and trial by jury are gone. The Autocrat of all the Russias is not more of a despot than Abraham Lincoln. It is the result of war. War puts under the control of the Executive armed instruments for his tyvrany. An army is an unmitiga ted despotism. Those accustomed to ite rule—officers and soldiers—have but two principles of conduct—au thority and obedience. Hence all standing armies have been deemed d ngerous to liberty—in the powers contered upon the few, and in*the prin ciples taught the many. A practical despotism has thus been established on the other side of the Potomac. Is it not the dictate of the most manifest prudence, for the people of the Confederate States to watch narrowly their own govern ment 1 The military authority absorbs proportionally more.of their popula tion than of the United States. All males, from eighteen t(^ thirty-five years old, are in the army ; and most probably all from thirty-five to forty- five or fifty will also be called into the military service of the Confederate »•«„, Of troops, wliicli President Dnvi, j S.« ates - ■ By the Articles of War a Ml- j might have had in the field, had he chosed : con “J' » r „ do Il0 ! ' 1 “« the to accept those that offered and sent them ! government. 1 here will shortly, there- forward. Maryland was lost. fore, absolutely be no people who can In the spring of *62 we all remember speak out in defence of their liberties ; 1 what has been the fate of Kentucky- and nor are they likely to know whatiis.-: ,A Tennessee, because poor Sydney John- j going on or to vote at the elections ■ ston was leit with a pitiful force to combat j f or j t | ie j r Representatives, held far away ^ overwhelming odds. The people of the j f ' their ^amps. In this state of Confederate btates were deceived, or kept i . . . r totally in the dark as to the deficiency. | ^logs, the temptations to despotism And yet the same troops who fought and the army to the government, conquered at Shiloli; could have been had j must be most obvious. The govern- to fight at Bowling Green and Donelson. ment is without responsibility to the Kentucky and Tennessee might, undoubt- | people, because it holds them under edly, have been saved by foresight and j^ s military organization in complete vigor on the part of our Government. The [ sub j u „ at ion to itSwiU. Southern troops have not yet failed, and, | ^ be - tfae condition 0 f affairs, with respectable preparation, the Lonted- . . . i ° , . , . crate cause in the West would have been | the other two great instrumentalitiesto in ;> different condition. So much for the [ maintain free government amongst us Pa>.t. I free and open debate, and the liberty of The North is now making gigantic ef-; the press—become of increased value forts to put a large force in the field hv j and importance. The former has been winter. 1 here is every reason to believe , latterly completely suppressed in the that, unless we speedily achieve crushing C egs Q , ^ Contederate States, victories on the Kapidan and in 1 ennessee r , ... , ,, e , three hundred thousand men will he added AUbough the Constitution, both of the to the effective forces of the United States. I Provisional and of the present Confed- Withthe troops which the Confederate erate Government, requires that “each States have in the field, we have just been House of Congress shall keep a journal able to repulse the enemy from our Capi- of its proceedings, andfrom time to time tal city, while in the West, after victory publish the same, excepting such parts as we have submitted to retreat, yielding a may in their judgment require secresy,” great city and principal railroad into the not u ^ 0 f it8 journals, but the whole bands ot the more numerous toe. let, in r>.\ » u 1 L j. c* the face of these facts, and in full knowl- ° f them ’ , hav f b « en ke P^. 8eCre J t * edge of our past shortcoming, our present cr ^ s y ls clearly the exception and pub- inferiority of numbers, and of the enor- HcilV the general rule of the Constitu- mous reinforcements the enemy is rais- tion. Congress has not simply reversed ing. President Davis tells the Congress he this rule, by makiug publicity the ex- believes that “no further enrollment will ception, but it has annihilated it by be necessary” on the part of the Confed- no publicity at all. No man can doubt erate States. "Hereafter, “ in the event that this course is not only inconsistent ot emergencies not now anticipated, pos- • . ,, , , ... ,. sible a necessity may “be suddenly de- with the mandates of the Constitution, veloped during the recess of Oongres.” but of the first principles of repre- Therefore, out of “a wise foresight,” tentative free governments. It is, “means should exist for calling forces into however gratifying to percive that, un- the field.” ; der the pressure of public opinion, Does the President mean that when it steps have ben taken to open the doors of Congress. The other instrumentally of free government—the freedom of the press No one favors indiscreet publications useful to tbo enemy. No one objects to the arrest and punishment of army corres- pendents for publishing what Endangers ! time afterwards, being iu Charleston, and there - - — ■ - - • • • being need ot a telegraph operator at yt ort Moul trie, be was put into the position and remained there discharging the duties to the entire satisfac tion of the government and company until the of fice was discontinued. He subsequently made frequent application to the telegraph company for employment, but the old question of allegiance re curring in each case, he still refusing to renounce his nationality, he was constantly refused. For the army, or its success. But this should not he made a pretext for banishing cor respondents who do not use indiscretion, and who throw a very proper and benefi cial light on events as they transpire.- Correspondents have attended European armies with great benefit to the armies,, and with gratification to those whom the | several months nothing had been heard of him, armies represent. Correspondent, every.! where now attend the armies oi Iiie united ^ -when he turns up an independent operator on the States, and we are at a loss to perceive Memphis and Corinth telegraph. We presume he that they have benefited our military bas given such proof of his attachment to the ' • ; j of Southern cause that his taking an oath ot allegi- movements or injured those of tbeirown. ance will notia future be made an indispensible It is a disgraceful fact that the people ot condition to his obtaining employment.-— Rich- the Confederate States freqnently get the ; mond Examiner. is “suddenly developed”that the United States have drawn three hundred thous and additional drilled troops from their camps of instruction, and poured them ■ , . .• ,, . c .~ , down upon the South, that then it will be i T*!“ “f* been essentially infringed, time to begin to call for “persons between ^ . [ nowet er, was onerfed in the the ages of thirty-five and forty-five years.’ i I >r ovisionai Congress of the Confeder- to be enrolled and go into camp? If so, | ate States to authorize the President then we say, that during the next winter j and the military authorities to suppress the Confederate States will suffer bitterly [it. The bill failed. The Constitution again from the same short-sighted, feeble. 1 expressly says “Congress shall make dilatory policy which lost us Mary land and no J aw abridging the freedom of speech Kentucky and I ennessee and Missouri— f ® Y et there are verv which has encouraged the Yankees into the , - . i . . . *7 idea of our subjugation, tender to smoth- decided indications in various quarters, er the friends of peace at the North, and with or without law, on the part of to drive off European nations from raising ■ our military authorities, to assumes the blockade and acknowledging our inde- I consorship over the press and to abridge pendence. j its freedom. To show this, we pub- If the object were to prolong the war, lish to-day a correspondence be- by continued failure, caused by inadequa- ; tween the editor of the Montgomery c y °f preparation; this would be the very i Advertiser and Gen. SLAUGHTER, in way to accomplish it. Ihe people do not | jj e j ia ]f 0 f Q en> to which we want a five years war. 1 hey do not want tbeir cities captured—their territo ries overrun. They want full and time- | invite ers. tiie attention of our read- ly provision of men and munitions of war. The corn crop is already made, and there Nothing is easier, especially in troub led times, than unscrupulously to sup- will be enough to eat. The present will port the government. To support make the Future. If President Davis and it-when it is right, and to oppose it the Confederate Congress will listen to j when it is wrong, is an ungracious, and the voice of the Southern people and the j genera ll v a most thankless and unprofit- southern press, there will be no waiting ~Yi „ui „ ■ , „ ,, ... .. ^ . ,, „ , j P able service, although by no other until “emergencies are “suddenly’ devel \ ® J . oped.” The emergency is already devel- ! free government be preser- oped requiring action. \Ye are in the cri sis of this war. While the present cam paign is dragging along, preparation will decide the issues of the winter’s campaign. In our opinion, any postponement will lead to'disasters. We have had enough of disasters without necessity, and we trust the people are sufficiently taught by ex perience to speak out their judgment about their affairs.—Let us have no more trifling. Several months has elapsed smee the first Conscript Law passed, and the troops raised under that law are not yet in the field. Are we to begin to enroll the next class of conscripts when one hundred and fifty thousand Yankee soldiers are landed on the shores of South Carolina and Geor gia? In our opinion, that would be late. What say the People and the Press? Let them speak. Let their representatives in Congress speak. ved. Jealousy and watchfullness are the essential attributes of liberty— confidence aud subserviency are the attributes of despotism. Even when the Constitution is trifled with or violated, there are those who will call any remonstrances or exposure of the government “faction” and any opposition “disorganization’” Slaves existed before masters.—Mercury. Same wag suggests that the merch ants be pressed into service for the war, as no enemy in the world could stand their charges. A Northern paper says that times are so bard in that vicinity that ten dollars at auction wouldn’t bring more than six dollars and a half.

Georgia Historic Newspapers

Southern federal union. (Milledgeville, Ga.) 1861-1862, September 09, 1862, Image 1