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ftejmtrtfc&k- FREDERICK S. FELL, city rniNTEn. DAILY TATi n EIGHT DOM.AHS TEG ANNUM. tut MM PAP UR MX DOLLARS PER ANNUM. TAYARLE IN ADVAN'CT. (T 1 All news duiI Iicwa(lv(>i(lsfinenls t up[u.'ar [ in both papers-.cn iaJ^TAxr OTAiat; Til) IlSDAY K\TiNlN(»,'KovEMnr.H 18. 1824 VOCVMF.n TS. political yet ftj’By nn advertisement In another part of our paper it will be seen that the Pew* In the Luther- on Church are to be rented To-morrow morning, at 11 o’clock. Persons wishing to ohtuin Pews, will do well to attend ut the hour Stutedi. We lay before our readers to-day, scvdtt doc uments which wo huve received througlt tho at tention of a friend at MillcJgevillc. They nrri- ted in town yesterday morning, but having been jnisluid, we did not receive them till this morning. i.r.oisLATtnmoF GEORGt a. F.xtract ofa letter to the djditors of the Gcor- gbn, dated * Mn.tEDor.vir cs, Nov. 13.* The hill to point out the mode of choosing elec- . tors m President, Is yet before "the houso. Tho bill first reported, was So deficient, that the mo* lion to report progress, and have leave to sit a- gain, was carried two to one. The Bill to allow thr i | >ration of Savannah, to issue change bills, was ri looted. The bill to prevent the culture, or rathrr lay a tax on persons cultivating rice, within two mile* of the city, has been read for the Hist time in the Senate, and, with some modification, we hope will pass. The bill exempting twenty- one persons from jury duty Sic. who are to man age Enj ines, has passed the House, and will meet no o| position iu the Senate. A bill to com]>ol individuals who vote, to endorse their names on their tickets! is under discussion It^the 3ennte;its pa.-‘.ii;e is doubtiul. Jencks’ memorial, is referred to tho committee on Internal Improvement.—- Probably a measure may be adopted to forward internal improvement-—a bill-to appoint a civil Engineer* with a salary of 3to GUOO, will be "at- tempted. A resolution to bring bn the election of Bank director-will take place on Monday next- Thv I’hmtersand State Banks, Lave made reports highly favorable to both institutions. Our best fAcriious will be used to obtain on appropriation to entertain La Fayette, provided we find it will meet with nostro ng opposition. THE ELECTIONS. Matmchvtdli.^ln 68 towns the Adams tieket ftcelved 11,874 votes, the unpledged ticket 2671. Delaware.—-The Legislature isnow in session— lb. -tr-Jtigcst assurances are given that hor vote will be for Mr. Crawford. Pirginia.—In CC counties and boroughs the A ST UTEwENT Of the rcceiptswid putt meats ci the 'jfcrasu- f th< S'i:tr i Georgia, duetng the Dll. For amounts received between the 1st of November, 1823, and the 31st of Oc tober, 1834, inclusive, and pi need to the credit of the following accounts, viz:— State stock, 1215 02 1-2 General tax IStO do do do do do Direct tax, 1813 # do IBM -18:2 00 1810 2S 12 * 1820 4,122 1)1 1821 0,274 40 1822.81,896 10 3-4 1^23 l'0,819 70 257 32 074 57 —-—110,550 21 3-4 1,899 10 1-2 Vendue tux, Dividends on Augusta bnuk Stock, 12,000 C* do Darien do 20,000 00 do Steam-Boat Stock, 8,000 00 Bedncy Franklin, solicitor . . general, . 2,067 50 Bonds for fractions in Bald win ancFBfi’kinson.L.C. 2,244 75 do and square lots, sold in 1811 1,300 14 do do sold under act of 1820, 13,590 10 1-2 do forfeited lands, 849 49 do rent of fractions, 5,221 67 3-4 do do property ut Fort Hawkins, 116 74 do lots in Macon, 2,976 18 Notes for rent of reserved lots, 244 78 Land reserved at Macon, 2,204 25. Lots do by land act of 1818 . 3,452 73 Fractions 1918 ' 12,845-491-2 do 1921 ' 60,400 93 3-4 Tax on Bank Stock, 8,771 89 Trustees of tho University, 10,846 161-2 Lots fraudulently drawn in the lottery of 18*20, 254 25 Land drawn for in the lot- tcry-of 18*20,' 15,051 00 dp 1821, , 28,901. 00 fund raised by tax on ped- * lars 130 00 do fees on grants for land in Baldwin and Wilkinson, L. C. 30 45 do on grants for revert* ed lots in do 100 00 do do do tVil- kinson, Baldwin and Wayne 30 00 do do doon grants for fractions sold un deract of 18*22, . 20 00 do do do on grants for land sold under act of '1923, . 20 00 Votes ure os follows: do do » lots in Macon 1 00 1’or Crawford 6461 do do on grants 6c. testimonials, in paper medium's 115, and in ■ Adams-.; >i ' 2335 Juckson 1814 Clay 93 cash * • 289 00 •Yerth Carolina.— ^Vc have returns from five towns, in addition to what we publishedycsterday. Crawford. Jackson. Before published, 101 E05 Nicholson’s' 104 3 Warren ton > 200 42 * Andrews’s TO Hi Grove Hill plb. 79 22 Rundy -Creek 34 01 097 358 ! liil' % i - ONE DAY LATER FROM FRANCE. By the French ship Mine eve, at Charleston Tft- papers of the 3d ult. were received. Since the removal of the censorship of the press ir. nce the journal*speak freely but not very fully oi the movements oftJeneralLafayette in this Country, and of the honors which we pay him. ’ Steam boat, are-now used upon all the princi- ^*4 rivers in France; Moselle, Gironde, Soane, The 48th regiment of the line, from Dohay and destined for Martinique urrivedatRunnes Sept. 28. A letter from Constantinople ot Sept. 2, con tains accounts from Samos of Aug. 10. The Greeks bud burnt twp frigate- - and a brig belonging to the Turks. • The crew of one irigatc was-suved, those i other two vessels were lost, ere are various rumors, apparently authentic, "am papdej of great confusion existing in ; sucii us the defection of some Pachas; Its among the Junnissaries, kc-&c. Tlic Legislature of South Carolina meets at Co Jumbia on Monday next. Congress meets on the first Monday in Decern her. The Hon. John Gaillaiu), president of the Senate, started for Washington City on the 12th ir.st. -j The editors of the Charleston papers stole that their city is again restored to health, and persons may with safety return. A letter from Paris, dated 9cpt.22d,snys—)‘The »pwa of the execution of tturbide and the unex pected return ofM.ChasseriauhuVe Caused u live ly sensation in the Council of Ministers. Thus the pfojects of France and Spain agoinst South Amer ica are abortive even at the beginning. A lenrned Clergyman has remarked, that Bigob -Ty murders Religibn, to frighten fouls with her ■ghu.-t. Theatrical.—The parties fohning our Corps Dramotique, are by degrees return ing from the North, and tho campaign •for ihe winter will soon commence. Mr F Brown, the Acting Manager lan* ded with re-inforcements on Friday last, and Mr Gilfert, accompanied by Mr Bar rett, (a young gentleman of first rate ex cellence as a light Comedian) arrived yes terday from N. York in the Calhoun. ■ Our old favorites.Faulkner, Hyatt, Miss Tilden, and Mrs. Gray arc also here. Mr Howard the vocalist, after an absence of some years j has returned from England, and report speaks highly of his improve ment. Mrs Neiifville an accomplished Dancer is also added to the company. The inte rior of the Theatre lias undergone a com plete chunge, and is now decidedly the tnpst elegant and splendid establishment ou the Continent—CVt. Patriot. lid exclusive right, un- of tho »aiu. eluirioicd For balance fn the Treas ury on the 31at Octo ber, 1823, 8330,754 993-4 425,775 60 1-4 $756,530 60 For balance, 31st Octo ber, 1824, 598,003 65 1-2 CR. By President’s and Speaker’s warrants, and warranty drawn by the Governor on thq Treasurer, paid between the 1st of November, 1823, and the 31st of October, 1824, chargeable to the following ac counts, viz: _ ** President’s and Speaker’s warrants, 41,393 10 Fund for the redemption '*, of the public debt, 12,035 29 Land Fund, 1,733 10 Civil establishment, 1821, 50 25 do 182:), 7,125 00 do 1824, 18,635,73 Special Appropria tion, 1822, 8,000 00 do 1623, 5,236 25 *, do 1824, 7,090 40 Contingent Fund, 1823, 2,535 95 1-2 do 1824, 6,734 551-2 Military Disburse ments, * 1823, 1,226 53 Appropriation for printing, 1824, 14,081 27 do Penitentiary,' 1824, 9,379 38 1-2 do County Academies, 18,502 01 Land Fund, 1823, 4,756 12 $158,520 941-2 By balance in the Treas ury, on the 31st of Oct. 1824, - 598,003 051-2 $750,530 00 Respectfully submitted to the House of Representatives, by GEO. R. CLAYTON, Treasurer. 9. B. Co.’s MEMORIAL. To tlitHonorable the President and Mem bers of the Senate, and the Honorable the Speaker and Members of the House qf , Representatives of the State Georgia in General Assembly met : The memorial of the Steam-Boat com pany of Georgia, Rcspecfully sheweth. , That your memorialists were by an act of your honorable body, passed on the 19th day of December, ill the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and seventeen, duly incorporated and invested with the exclusive right for the term of twenty years, of navigating by steam, the waters of the state of Georgia on certain terms and conditions therein specified which have been faithfully frillfillcd by thesq Memorialists. * That by such grant made by your hon orable body, the^ faith of the dt&tc ofQcor- gia became and was pledged to these Memorialists to presorve and secure to them tho uninterrupted and continued enjoyment ft tho* s til the expiration term. ' L’lmt relying on the legal and coustitu- tiomil validity of the power thus assumed and exercised by the State, and confiding in the unimpaired presCvntiott of their ( bartered rights, your memorialists pro ceeded without delay, to make largo and considerable investments in property of various descriptions, necessary to carry the same into effect: and such was the confidence which their exertions inspired in the community, that tho stock , of the company experienced n very great and ra pid advance. That in this stato of things, your memo rialists, willing to evince to tho state their gratitude for the beuefits conferred on them bv tK6 said charter, and tjtill further to sce'urc by a community of interest, its uimupurcd preservation, did in tho month of February, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and eighteen, of fer to the State two hundred shares of flic stock of the s'uid company at par t which offer was accepted. That at the time when this offer vy.vs so mfidc and accepted, the stock of the com pany was so much above par, that at pub lic sales of eight hundred shares, made at Savannah and Augusta, front five hun dred to seven hundred and tVenty dollars above th>) amount then paid in (two hun dred and fifty dollnrs on each share) Was obtained.' That avery^nrge bonus was thereby gratuituously given to the state, which may be estimated at the sunt of one hun dred and sixteen thousand six hundred and ninety seven dollars and fifty cents, since the company by the sale to indivi duals, ofthe stock thus transferred to the State at par, might have realised this a- ■mount; ; - That by a subsequent agreement en tered into in May 1820, between the then Governor ofthe Stato-of Georgia and your Memorialists, in consideration of u- loan made to your Memorialists, by the said state of the sumoi forty thousand dollars, they agreed to secure to the State the re payment of the said sum, and ulso of the sum of sixty thousand dollars which the Stute hod previously paid for the two hun dred shares so taken by her . as x before mentioned together with eight per cent in terest on the aggregate amount of one hundred thousand dollars: nptl in com pliance with said agrement; executed their bond to the State of Georgia for the said sutn of one hundred thousand dollars and interest as aforesaid, secured by mortgage of four wharf lots in the city of Savanttuli, belonging to your Memorialists; That the interest accruing to the said State in consequence of the said agree ment, amounting to the sum of thirty two thousand dollars, has been punctually paid; That at the time when your fylctnorial- ists entered into the said agreement to se cure to the State not merely the repay ment of the sum of forty thousand dollars so lent ns aforsaid; but also of the sum of sixty thousand dollars which the state had previously paid for shurcs wnich were sold to the state as before stated, on terms much more advantageous than those which were sold to individuals, your Memorialists were enjoying under the guarantee of your honorable body, the exclusive right to navigate by'steam, the waters of tin* state of Georgia; and they looked (as they respectfully conceive it will be admitted that they had just rig lit to do) to the uninterrupted enjoyment of this exclusive right during their chartered term, and to the profits which they should derive therefrom, to enable them to fulfil the onerous engagement which they hud thus entered into to the State. , • That this just expectation of your Me morialists has been frustrated by a dc eision of the Supremo Court pf the Uni ted States, by which the chartered rights ,ofyour Memorialists have boon invalida ted, and rendered comparatively valueless; tho navigation by steam ofthe waters of the state thrown open to citizens of other states proceeding from ports of such states, and your Memorialists thus deprived of those rights which were guaranteed to them by the charter ofthe State, the un interrupted enjoyment of which, was the sole motive on their part for entering into the agreement with thfc State before Re ferred to, and the only source from which they could reasonably hope to derive the means of fulfilling the same.' Under these circumstances, your Memo rialists respectfully ask from your honor able bodj, that the relations subsisting between the State and these Mcmoralists anterior to the said agreement, the con sideration of which, has wholly failed, by the inability of the State, to make good its grant, may be restored; and that your Memorialists on payment, or securing to' flte satisfaction of the Governor of the Stute, the repayment of the said sum of forty thousand dollars, so lent to your Me raorialists as aforesaid, may .be 1 released from their liability for the aforesaid sum of sixty thousand dollars, so paid by the State for the two hundred shares of stock in the said company, so held by tin* said Stute. Your Memorialists cannot doubt, that this their just and reasonable claim will be allowed by your honorable body, and they beg leave respectfully to state the follow ing reasons why the same should be gran ted:— - • y First-—Every grant, whether mode by on individual or a State, implies from the necessity of the thing, a warranty orf the part of the grantor that helms power to make such grant. The State of Georgia did by solemn act grant to your Memorialists,' the exclusive right to navigate by steam the waters of the said State, Your Memorialists confiding in such grant ancT in ihe right ofthe State to ex ercise the power which it had thus assum ed, have mddo large investments of tlieir individual funds, anti with an-especial reliance on the pledged faith ofthe State, did enter into the agreement from which tl;vy now seek to be i '.sod. *. J Tho Supremo Court ' of the United Slates has.decided, that the State had no right to make such grunt. The faith of the State of Georgia, pledg ed to your Memorialists, iil therefore vio lated, innocently on tho part of the State, but not therefore less injuriously to your Memorialists. r.; They ask then to be relieved from an agroement, entered into- in tho confidence that the foitisof the State so pledged could lie, and would lie preserved. The State, is unable to fulfil hor con tract entered into with your Memorial ists. It is, they respectfully conceive, tho most obvious justice, that they should be relieved from nn agreement only entered into by your Memorialists front their un qualified confidence in tho uhility ofthe State to fulfil the contract which sho had mad?. Second,—-By tho transfer to tho State in 1918, at par value, of two hundred shares of stock, when a large advance might have been obtained, by the sale of them to individuals, your Memorialists havo already deprived themselves of a sum much greater than would have been sufficient to indemnify them against tho agreement from which they now seek to be released. Third—-By the inability of the State to fulfil its contract with yoiir Mctncrinlists —by the operation of the decision of -the Supreme Court ofthe U. States, throwing open the navigation by steam, of the wn- toiVof the State, the exclusive right to which, under the plighted fuitlt of the State, was the solo motive on the part of your Memorialists for entering into the aforementioned agreement, and the en joyment of which exclusive right is the only source from which they can hope to derive the means of fulfilttlg’the same— the consideration of the said contract bus wholly faded, nnd in its failure ou the part of the State, hns produced nn inability to perform the same on the part of your pe titioners, without manifest injustice to tho just claims of those interested in tho said conipunv. For these reasons, your Me morialists respectfully uslc that they may bo relieved from the said ngrectnent on the terms and conditions herein before sta ted. But if it should be njorc dcsirnhlo to your honorable body, your Memorialists arc willing to surrender all their exclusive right to that navigation of the waters of the State by stenm, with the exception of the right' of towing, in consideration of the State’s rclinguishinent of the agree ment of 1820, nnd retaining its shurcs in the said company. Respectfully syjmiittcd. REPORT OF THE KEEPER OF THE PENITENTIARY. Penitentiary, With Oct. 1824. Ilis Excellency Gov. Troup, Sir, ‘ I have .received your letter of the 23d ristant, and! shall reply to it in the beet manner I can. When the very existence of an important institution is annually as sailed by the strongest prejudices, and its utility denied; I nnt apprehensive that it will require greater abilities, and more ex perience than I possess, to devise any plan for its government nnd improvement, that wi'lmuke it a favorite with the communi ty; or even establish the conviction that it is consonant to the feelings of natural jus tied. Your request, however added to the obligation my situation imposes, prompt me to-ofler a few remarks jn furtherance of a system founded in humanity and jus : tice, nnd demanded by thwintelligence of the times, nnd the improvements of the ago. The incrertLing attention of legisla tive bodies to the amendment of our penal laws, and the liberal and' enlightened no tions' upon tlic subject iu various parts of the union,'ought to be. hailed with - the highest satisfaction. The general discus sion ofull subjects of public interest,leads ultimately to sound and salutary views of thctn> and I conceive that a manifestation of a strong disposition lo remedy the de fects of existing institutions, is a promi nent characteristic of the American peo ple. The variety of opinions that exist, not only in Europe, but in different parts of the United States, respecting the efficfi- cy of Penitentiary punishment, and the best mode of inflicting it, for the reforma tion of culprits nnd tlye prevention of crimes, is un evidence that the public mind in both countries, is deeply engaged upon this .interesting subject. Beccarin was the first writer whose efforts produc ed a very important change in the public sentiment, respecting the amelioration of the penal. laws, by demonstrating, that barbarous and sanguinary punishments, for slight and ordinary offences, are not pnly a great evil in themselves, but that they do-no good; and have a tendency rather to increase than diminish crimes.— This Philanthropist, by the promulgation of his principles, has carried general at tention and conviction’along with’hint ; und has established their soundness, by recting the foundation for every thing that has been said and done in their favor. If the period has riot yet arrived in this state for a general acquiescence in their justice and policy, it is because public impatience interrupts tlic efforts which the friends of a lenient administration of criminal juris prudence are disposed to make Tor amend' ingdur p6nnl laws, improving the eqde of the Penitentiary, nnd advancing the disci, plino within its Walls: objects, the benefi cial' accomplishment of which, require time, observation, and experience. The Ncw-York State Prison has been estab lished near thirty years, and is und.br thU superintendancc and direction of some of the moot hnportantpublic functionaries in the state, and isnow in full nnd sulicessftil operations; and is claimed as an honor to tho state, and an evidence of the wisdom, justice, and humanity of it's legislators Vi rginia some time since bad tbe misfor- roulMhaviilihoflPfffit<M>iinry (icsirpyed by*5ret but She is so m.tkch in love with the mildmode of punishment, that slichasun- dortuken to build another edifice, upon o more extensive and improved plan. Si milar prisons have been constructed in till of the New-England Slates, in New-Jor- soy, Pennsylvania, Maryland, Ohio, ami Kentucky, and though generally bufthen- Bomo to these States, arc notwithstanding cherished ..vtth'earnostucss and liberality, and nro improving'yearly in their regula tions. . : Those circumstances alone, if others were wanting, ought to promptua at once to place our Penitentiary upottninoro re spectable and permanent basis. It is a misfortune,' that the important considera tions which originally led to tho estab lishments of these institutions,- should he, in .this state, in a great measure kept out of view by the great solicitude that is con stantly felt and expressed)'that the finan cial operations of our State Prison should be more successfully conducted. The prevalence of this disposition has n tenden cy to retard, mid perhaps defeat, every at tempt lo establish in the Penitentiary, thb rigid rules and severe discipline which our northern brethren, and most writers upon the subject, think, qje indispensable for the purpose of reformation, and prevent ing crimes. Besides, the weakness and injudicious construction of our whole Pen itentiary edifice,, the ruined and decayed situationofits badly arranged cells, the in- termixturo und intercourse with our .citi zens, to whicljithe employment and occu pation ofthe convicts necessarily leud; and the incomplete organization ofthe officers of tho institution, are all additional ob stacles to the adoption of tho northern sys tems. In Auburn State Prison (which is said to be better conducted titan aity other in the United States) the convicts are not ull owed to laugh, dance, sing, run, jump, use tobacco, or t .ko uny kind of amuse ment. They are not suffered to look off their work, to gnzo at spectators, to have any intercourse with strangers, uud ure subjected occasionally to solitary confine ment for a length of time, in dark cells, upon spare diet. What effect this system has, in accomplishing the views of. its in stitution, I mn unable to. say, from an'ig- norancc of tho annuls of the prison. But this.much I can say; if the Auburn system, in all its rigor, is introduced and carried into effect here, (for the reusons I have al ready moutioned,) public .opinion must be subdued, the Penal and penitentiary codes revised and amended, uud the building nnd its appurtenances re-modelled and greatly strengthened. That soli tary con-, fincmcnt in dark cells, with spare diet will reform aeulprit (if any thing can)is unques tionable, from the almost universal testimo ny ofthose vrho have borne, and those who have inflicted this punishment. The most vulnernble.pnrt of a rogue is his belly,nnd he docs not tob to lead a life of mortification. He is fond of duiqties, and the indulgence of his appetites and propensities, in all probability, first led him to the commis sion of crime to support them; and there is nothing he feels more bitterly im eon- fmeinuiil, than a long course of abstemi ous living. Idleness, tho pursuit of pleas ure, aud unlimited liberty of action, are likewise strong characteristics of a thief; hard labor,- restraints und decorum, are their opposites; they ought to be applied. The unequal apportionment of punibhment to ollenees, under^ the old burbarous sys tem ofthe criminal law, prevails almost.in the same disproportion in the administra- tion of our present humane code.. Here the forger, tho horse thief, the perjurer, the man who is guilty of manslaughter, burglary, or cattle stealing; the young trembling thief for his first, and the old, bold, violent robber, for his second offence* ull meet with the same punishment, of four or five yours imprisonment, ut hard labor, with the same diet, and similqr res trictions. I am of the opinion that the sentence of the Judge (by legal enactmont) in addition to the time und labor should be made to stute, diet, as.well as light, or darkness,solitude, or society, according to the heinou'sness of the crime and .thc char • actcr'of the offender. A return to a Pen itentiary shoujd be contemplated with hor ror, excited by calm, well regulated welj watched austerity—by the gloom and sad ness, wisely and intctittonully thrown o- ver such nn abode. The infliction of cor poral punishment under, diflerent regulu tions from those at present established, would on many occasions (where the char acter and disposition oi(. convicts are so various,) he attended with good effects. Its exercise in the hand's of the keepers could be restrained from abuse, by the re gulation of the Inspectors. If too mild a system ofprison discipline from any course whutevor, should be 'suf fered to prevail, the time may arrive, when men will break in, instead of breaking out of the Penitentiary, and'wade through fe lony aud larceny, to better accommoda tions than they can procure at home.— Were tho above suggestions put into prac tice, we should soon find a considerable reduction in the number of offe nders, hut it would likewise lead from the abridge ment of labpr and diminution of numbers, to a reduction of the profits of the institu tion. Wlmt then is to be done 1 Slmll Wo adopt the Auburn system in crteiuto, by the necessary revision of our -penal code, and other leghdutivc enactments, finish the PenitentiaryDuildingiipon a stronger and better model, and look altogether tci the reformation of' offenders', dnd thc preven tion of crimes, as the main objects of ull regulations upon this subject; undent hope in time of carrying tho public senti ment along with 1 us ? Or shall we by in troducing retrenchments into the adminis tration of tho affairs ofthe institution; a- dopting regulations suitable to existing circumstances, endeavor to carry the ob jects of reformation and profit both into effect, and thereby dispose the commu nity hereafter, to acquiesce in the estab- merit qf those principles (under the view* 1 6iut I li avc , which accompany thorn, advpcutinir. 1 incline to the Inttur nhu: IMI per,mid -ion that the adoptiontSj plan, (howvvci' nDliciotts; when viewed nl ou a broad scale, would carry witi, •> expen,v, Which the public 1^*4 under.present impressions n ro u 2> to encounter ; and tl.ut the latter oft] increased rigor and economy* ,1 comphsh the views both of the (5? nnd opponents of this institution these remarks upon the discipline,1 of this subject, I shall proceed to fbw observations upon the pecuniar, -1 ttirs and retrenchments of the ostj/fl merit. At present there are 71 1 in tho Penitentiary employed us follow? 4 8 Wjtagon and Cart makers. ■£] bra ncli o.l business may, tie considered. I good one, and will hereafter be more n I Stable than heretofore, in conatfoaKS the Urge quantity of the best thnborMl which the institution has lately been!, I plied at a very cheap rate. 3 Carriage makers and trimmers, tv,I w perhaps the most profitable occur, 1.1 iivthe penitentiary, and will continued 5 Windsor chair makers ami Tur»J Neither of these em ployments can be I I sklered very profitable, ekeept the tun J that is done for gins. , 3 Shop joiners. Tradesmen Of thisikl caption me indispensable in the in' 1 tion, and are in general employed tc vantage. ' ** *v 1 Cooper, ami 1 spinning wheel J reel maker. ^ These trades may both, I considered lucrative. V 8 Shoe and bdut makers. This bus*,, has languished and been unprofitaitc(« some time past. It has lately iiosttwrl acquired more reputation, and as -nail worh is now tlone here as in any part tfl the state ; and if certain contemplated im-l provements connected with this branch! of businsss are carried into effect, it irillf become a very important and iucratim employment. j 2 Saddlers and harness malm There! is an increasing demand for tlw matwfacl turcsof this trade, and the profits ail considerable, when there is constant! plofmeiit. I 6 Taylors. All the clothes of the i. habitants of the Penitentiary, oretnadtij the taylors* shop, and a good deal of is done fpr other persons, at fair prict.. 6 Gin makers.' This business has Ini ly been introduced and so far has donee-1 ceeding well. If the demand fur pi should contiuue unabated, 20 handiil this employment would earn suffici«tj| pay nearly one half of the gspencesclitl institution. 14 Blacksmiths and strikers, ployment of these tradesmen hereti cannot be said to have been very advti geous ; but should the demand for« eons, (arts and gins, fas is expected)! tinue, the blacksmiths will always be | fitablv employed. 3 Painters' The men at this occfl tion are employed to considerable adntl tage. , 1 Segar and snuff maker. Witt Spanish tobacco—from the trial tha already been made, one man at this I nes9 can clear 500 dolla r s annually, more hands will be employed nt it.ass as the demand for these manufactures* Warrant it. 4 Rough hewers These men are i ployed in preparing timber foi* sup workmen; and the remaining 7 con are engaged in necessary menial srri about and within the. building. Divine Service, U performed in Chapel oh Sunday mornings, bv Mr. pers, and with some visible effect. Sclv'ols. . The establishment of on Sundays in .the Penitentiary, in i tion to'the employment apdv.improreni of the minds of the connctfctmabM wise have a tendency to better thfir. positions, arid assist in the work ol;tW| motion,. Expenditures The expenses institution for the year past about. 14,060 dollars and the/ very jittle, if any, short of tb/s'*®** , more fully appear^In the usual atmiu tail, which will be made out in ‘’ ni j. The disadvantages under tablishmept labors in a pecuniary p j view, arise from the small tifnflber , I victs and the weakness, insecunt), j want of compactness of. every P art d building* These circumstances n» J dered necessary, the' espewln' 14,000 dollarsJiir the ^security » n nngemenfof 71 convicts, ' v ' 10 f arn _J K dollnrs annually, when ^® r ., f... ment and safe ikeepingof double tu ber, (142) who could earn 27,000 ®“ per anhum, an expenditure ot 20, lars a year only, would be require'', be an annual profit of 7 OOOdolbi • *1 is evident, because an increase °nn I her of convicts, would not render i ^1 ry any increase of tho P. ua ,’ "l/I I only additional expenses for aeep»^ i additional convicts, would .arise ny; disbursements for their nitions_a ing,and the employment of Hirer deputy keepers' Besides, from . period (4years) for which sent j inflicted, it is to be expected tn servitude of one fourth of the . , (■•fter becoming good workmen, ble of earning 200 dollars annual^ expire every year, and that th P f will be supplied by an n i'p a c< raw, inexperienced "hands, wno w , j siderable time cannot eafrn more tn ] PC Ai ni these facts are eusceptihlc^ clearest demonstration, ar , ? pnC x| that heretofore, tori much nas ted from this institution, ftS J scn emoluments. The building P e „iei not calculated to contain with c ■ ^ trioro than 90 convicts, a ” da . 1 o °“ mbcr.f^l an increase much bcyoud^thi ”V cre a;5 in-time maybe expected hoty » toC!( -c^ of population,) it will be ne , the additional wing w l” ch *' .Z sco^ 1 u P on _. io d< complete the edifice. -. M cheapness, there could ^ P^| prQpltiotn for this undertake m