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E. DR LA MOTTA A J. CLELAND,
coonrv miRTBM. . »
Daily PiMMHKtiimiElihli D«ll»np«r Annum
Country Vapatjunindll llollura pnr Annum
(paTa nr. k in a nv a n c a.)
Heme appemr in tot*
Popere.
rytimca on rui.l/arnrx', ' »«» *“■ JM
■nnn’a ivtuluimiot, a r«« nmio rlw,a
'aovcRNqirs mi:ssaue
from tiro gallantry oflhlroflicnrainl bbNjiMMt
Ihaltlio <*v«,e •nniny will •«"> d “* lro )'* d or
driven from uro •Inin- . .
anilities, who worn railed out bylbo elnte tor*,
pel tiro inrarion of iho Indiana. I hove been on.
awered dial time ere no fund- iiibject to the
neynteuloreucbclelme. It will be proper,llwle-
pare, fur Iho leglrlellire to malt* iflimsdlata pro-
virion for thu payment ol'ilie nulilta, *nd f ,,r tho
supplies fnrnisnud tliein.sothat the account* ill *y
bo laid before Congrora for reimbnracmalit.
Tlio sum of one hundred nnd forty six ilione*
and three hundred and forty-four dollar* eighty
five cent*, hn* been paid by the state in the execu
tion of the law of 1836, to provide for iho pay*
ment of the volunteer* in this etate for services,
loftiei, and expenditure* during the Creek and
Seminola camppaign*. and the Inw upon the
name subject pn**ed in 1837. Thia sum Ini*
been charted against the United State* with a
a EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENT. )
® MiM.BDOKTit.LR, 6th Nov* 1838, 5
fc Fellow citizens of the Senate
m and Home qf Representatives:
I congratulate you upon the successful romn.
Tat of the Cherokee* from the State, that you
will no longor be harrasrad in your legislative
proceeding*, by the perplexing relation* which
have hitherto existed between them, the United
*8tatas and Georgia; that our citizen* ore nt la*t
in the quiet possession of all their land; and the
State the undisputed sovereign within her own
territory. _
Immediately upon coming into office a cor
• rBepn^ence was entered into with intelligent
persons in different parts of the Cherokee couu-
try for the purpose of ascertaining the temper
nttd designs of the Indians, and the extent ofthe
dangers to be apprehended from thorn, and with
tha secretary oj war, and Col. Lindsey, (then
commanding Withe Cherokee country,) as to
the fon&hynich should be providod to give se
curity tooBCBitixens. Inquiry was made into
the conduct or the agents who had becnnnpoiut-
ed to protect tho right* of the Indians. It hnv-
lug been fuund.tlnt tills trust, important both
for the character and pence of the country bad
not been discharged at all by some; and abused
by cilieri, and that considerable irritation had
already been excited by trespasaors upon the
property ofthe Indians, and by tho unnutkori-
xed interference of the officer* of the U. State*,
in amuming the right to adjust them; measures
were taken to coutrol thia improper couduct of
tho officer*, and respectable agents were ap*
E * ed to take care that wrong* douo to tlio
n* should be properly redressed.
Itwas considered highly important Hot only
to secure the people against actual danger, but
creata among them such confidence in their
safety as to prevent tho panics from idle rumors
to which those who are exposed at all to attacks
from Indian* are peculiarly subject.
The militia ofthe Cherokee country having
boon disorganized •by (lit withdrawal of a con
sidcrable part ofits toico la Florida,srders were
given and repeatedly enforced upon the officer*
to perfect their commands
A regiment composed of one company of
mounted infantry in each ortho Cherokee conn-
tie*, was formed and armed in pursiiauce of the
act passed at your Inst session.
Upon tho urgent request of this department,
ten volunteer companies of mounted nion, of
tho militia of the State, were taken into tho *or»
vice ofthe United States, and stationed near the
largo Indian settlement* in fortified positions, as
assembling places for tlio people in cases of a-
Win. and to control the conduct of the Indians.
When the requisition was mndo by the author-
ity of the President of tlio United States, for
twenty companies of tlio inilitiu of the Sint*, to
be employed in enforcing the execution of the
Cherokee treaty, orders were immediately sent
by express to the commanding officer of the
. twenty regiments,ncarwt the Chorokee country,
to raise one company Item each, have them or
ganized, and marched without delay to New
Ecliota.thn place appointed for llioir rendezvous.
. Upon General Scott’s arrival at thnt place on
the evening of the Kid of May, lie found an ur-
iny of Georgia militia, armed uud ready to exe
ente his command.
On the 22d of May, the day before the expire,
tion ofthe time when the Cherokee* were to
luve completed their removal Iroin tho State,
according to the treaty, the President laid before
Congress the terms of a new contract, with the
Chiefs ofthe tribe,by which ho assured them
tint they should be allowed two years to remain
in the Slate, if that length of time should be
found necessary for their comfort and couvann
•noo; that they should emigrate themselves if
they desired it t that the Government would
protect their parsons and proporty from all ille
gal asts of encroachment and violence; and that
v instructions should be sent to the commanding
General, to act in conformity with tlio assuran
ces. Fortunately for tlio country, our people,
and the Indians, the dreudful scenes of stiife uud
massacre which this couduct of the Prenideut
was calculated to produce, wore prevented by
the promptness uud energy of General Scott
and the Georgia troops. All difficulty in remov-
jog the Indians have been overcome, Gtiicral
Scott led (lie State before ho received the in-
atructions issued in puisiunce(of the proposal*
of the President to tho Cherokoo Chiefs.
No troops were employed but the militia of
the Stato in removing the Indian*. The state
is greatly indebted to ilium, Genoral Scott and
General Floyd, both for tlio efficiency of their
services and the universal kindness with which
tba Indians were treated.
The accompanying documents wilt show the
course pursued by the executive department
upon this subject-
About the last of May, a body of Indians from
Florida, took refugo in tile Okefciiokce Swamp.
Directions were immediately given to tho com
manding officers of ihu ttiiliua of Camden uud
Ware counties, to cull out tho whole er such
portions of their commands as they might con
sider necessary for the defence of tlio inhabitants.
The president was informed at the same lime
of Uiis invasion of tho state by Indians, und re
quested to order to (hat part of tho country a
competent force to repel them. Tho scarcity and
high pr ice of provisions, the sparseness of iho
an! the want ofsn* ppropriation of money by
the state for that purpose rendered it very diffi
cult to keep the militia in the field. Under
these circumstance* frequent applications were
made to tlio president and secretary of war
to direct supplies to be furnished so as to cna<
ble tho militia to act cfiiciently in nffiiiding
protection to the people until the United flutes
troops should supply their place. The dopnrt.
ment was answered that iho United Stato* lud
iio quartermaster or commissary, who could be
spared to perform this service.
As soon os information was received that
General Taylor had sent troops to ihu neighbor
hood of the Okefenokce, orders wuro issued to
discharge the militia. This wa* dune with less
hesitation, from tlio confidence which wa* had
in the vigilance mid ability of Genoral Taylor
and the information which had been previously
received from the most respectable sources
that the Indians were very few in uuniber* and
ha.l mace|HO attacks upon the inhabitants. Inn
mediately artnr Gen Taylor Imd sialionej his
troops around the Okefenokee and before tlio
discharge of the militia, eight or nine pursou*,
mostly womoti mid children worn horribly mas
sacred by iho Indians in the immediate vicinity
ofthe station of a company of the United Stntes
dragoons, and uot very distant from n consi
derable militia force under thu command of Col*
Hilliard. The alaiui produced by this unfortu
nate aveulcaiisod tlio general abandonment
of their li-nnus and property by the puoplo of
that part of the country, and brought upon them-
great distress mid sullming.
Additional troops went taken into the service,
and,order* given lor raising a reglimmi which lints
been since organized uii.l t iiuntcre«l iiiimhcUuitird
States sen ice, nodi* now operating under tho
command of Geu. Floyd. It is to bo expected ofthe West.
credit of four thopsand eight litmdlfUaud eighty
three dollars, three cont*. The unexpended
balsnco of thirty-five thousand dollars, placed ill
the hands of Govornor Schley by the secretary of
war, to he oxpendedby him for the public ser
vice in the Sainiiiolo and Creek campaigns, and
which i* now on deposito in the Central Bonk,
making tho actual amount charged against the
United Stato*. one hundred and forty-oue thous
and five hundred and thirty-one dollar* eighty
one cents.
As soon as the accnnnts were audited and
paid offand copies made out, thoy were for
warded to tho war department with tlio request
that thoy should bo passed upon as »ooi» as pus-
•ile. „ ,
A communication was addressed immediately
thereaftet toencii senator and representative hi
Congress from tlio stnto, informing them of
what had thus been done, [requeuing that thoy
would ascertain what portion ofthose accounts
would be paid by the war department andapp'y
toCongre** for ihe nns«age ofa^pecinl law dircc •
ing the payment or the remninder.—The session
of congress was too near its close when the ac
counts were transmitted to Washington City, to
to admit of any settlement before its termination,
and no information Ins been received from the
war dopnrtment upon the subject since tiint
titno.
The progress of the Western and Atlantic
Rail Rond has been satisfactory. The grading
and masonry ofono hundred miles have been
contracted for upon favorable terms, fifty of
which will be executed by the mouth of July
next, and tho remainder by tlio end ofthe year.
Tlio entire route for the road to tlio Tenues-
seo river has been surveyed. Several now
routes of parts of the road which had boon loca
ted, havo also been surveyed in order to satisfy
tho doiuniid* of different sections of the country,
and to onsure tlio best location^
The length of the road from its southern ter
mination to Uio Tefiueoee river will be 134
miles, and its cost according to the estimate of
the chief engineer, (exclusive ofthe right of
way, and of thosoi vices of (lie commissioners,)
about 2.580,000 dollars. The survey and loca
tion have becif about $51,000.
The chief engineer is of the opinion that the
cost of the road will be less than any othor
Kail Ruud in the U. Suites, constructed in the
same manner, and on an equal scale.
In pursuance of (lie law, authorizing the
board of commissioners in conjunction With the
Governor, to soil State stock, to raise funds for
carrying on the construction of the road, one
hundred thousand pounds sterling of stock have
been i««ucd. The president of the board, (Mr.
Crawford.) who was deputed to sell this stock,
found it unsuitable for tho mat ket in consequence
of the form in which it is issued. Mr. Craw
ford was, however, cuabled to raiso tiirce hun
dred thousand dollars, with the promise of an
additional hundred thousand if it should ho wan
ted, by pledging a part of die slock am) agreeing
for the Legislature, that it will at its present se**
sion authorize the issuing ofsuch stock ns will
suit tlio European market; thnt it shall ho offer
ed for sole to tlio contractor* as curly ns the
m.iulh of April uexUaiid that Use money which
ha* boon advanced shall be refunded out of tho
pruceods of tho sole. The State is tu. pay tivo
p. r cont. interest upon Iho loan of ih's three hun
dred thousand dollars, from the time that tho
billsdrnwu by Mr. Crawford on the contractors,
shall ho accepted and paid in London. Tho
fund* thus obtained in New Vork have been
sold hero for a premium of ubout four pur cent;
so that the use of three hundred thousand dol
lars in Georgia money for oneyear has been
procured for tlio State, without cost, or not ex
ceeding one per cent, per annum.
Tho Legislature is requested'to mnke imme*
diato provision fur fulfilling this coulrnct.
|Meaus must also be providod during your pre.
soul session, for the purchase of the iron railing
for the road. As the State will probably have
to rely almost entirely upon credit for carrying
on its works of internal improveinent.it would
perhaps be good policy to uuthorize at once the
sale of block, sufficient not only to repay the
three hundred thousand dnlluis borrowed and
for the purchnso of iron railing, but for whatev
er amount may be necessary lor tho entire com
pletion of ihu Western uud Atlantia Kail Ro.id,
and for giving to the rail roads which are now
progressing by incorporated companies, such
ansutance as may be demanded by the ptiblie
intorest.
Tho great vnluo of our agricultural produc
tions in Europe, the freedom of the state fiom
debt, and Ihe high credit of our banking iustitu
unions and mercantile men, will onable tho
stato to outer the stock market with niuuy advan
tage*. The accumulation of wealth in Great
Britain, and the filling up of all tho avenues of
profitable labor and investment, havo rendered
tho price for the use of money exceedingly cheap
there when compared to its value here. The
extended commercial connexion between Great
Britain and tlio U. Stales, and the upproach
which they have made to each other by the Into
improvements iu steam navigation, have mndo
the surplus money of Great Britain nlmost as
accessible to us a* its manufacture* of iron nnd
cotton. Nor i* there any stronger objection to
our becoming borrowers of that surplus capital
to add to our menus of accumulating wealth,
than to our purchasing its products when they
can bo obtained cheaper llinu similar produc*
lions in our own country. Bo long ns the u«a
of money is worth 8 per cent, pur annum in this
State.it cannot be injurious to the public inter
est to bring money from abroad at 5 per cent, to
be employed in constructing works of internal
improvement, whose profits will most probably
repay the capital and intorest expended upon
them in a very short lime, and which might not
be execut'd at nil without thus obtaining the aid
of foreign capital.
The risk and delay which must always attend
ihe trade from tlio Gulf of Alexico mound the
Peninsula of Florida with iho cities of the At
lantic, and with Europe, can be best avoided by
a lino of Unit Road from tho Chntialioochee riv
er to tho Atlantic. Great advantages would bo
derived from thus directing this trade to our
sea ports, ami the course of travelling between
tho South and tlio North through this State.—
Still greater advantages may ho anticipated from
completing tho Western and Atlantic Kail Road
and the Kail Roads which connect it with our
principal cities. The difficulties which the Al>
legliuny ard Blue Ridge mountains present, to
(lie transportation of the vast productions ofthe
Western and South Western States ofludhnn.
Illinois, Missouri, Arkansas. Tennessee, Ken
tucky, and thu upper part of Alabama, to the
timrkot* on tlio seaboard, can iio where be over
come with so much caso as through Uicso lines
of Rail Road.
If wo shall ever succeed to the extent of our
wishes, iu enjoying the advantages of direct iim.
porta lions from Enropo, of Iho proceeds ofthe
•ales of our agricultural productions exported
tliitlior.it must bo by those facilities for transpor
tation bringing such an accession of capital to
our cities us to enable the Southern, South
Western and Western mcn-haiits, to sell what
they have to cxporj»and to obtain their supplies
of European goo-!* ilpun as favorable- terms, in
our market* as in New York. And by induc
ing the north-.-in mmmtact liters to seek an ex-
change of their fabric* ill the same markets for
our rice ami raw cotton, alid tho flour and potk
But? ’
I consider It Wioiofore of the liigWt import
ance, that tlio atate shall proceed "itli tlw con-
siruction ofthe Western and Atlantic Red R°* d
as rapidly as possible, niidxivb aiich assistance
by the use of it* credit, to the compatible now
engaged in making thiUlail Roads which form
the other portion* urine cuimnuiiicaitabe be
tween our cities and the Smith and West m
may bo neceasary for the succestful completion
of their uiidortakiug.
The application of tlio means of the Stato to
nasLt theao incui pnruted companies, is jiiitmoo
from their success, being identified with the
public good, and because tlio State can obtain
moi.oy upon credit upon clioaper terms limn
companies, whilst Ihe companies coil construct
tlio roads and keep them in repair much more
economically than Iho public.
In thus supplying ilia moans to chartereu
companies to complete their road*, tlio use of
which is not free lor every one. tho atale •honld
take care, however, that sufficient security i*
furnished by the improvement* themselves, for
Uie repayment of thu mouey advanced,
Th* lliwussee Rail Road Company in Ten-
neasee are constructing a road from Knoxville
to Red Clay on tho line of tin* State, and about
fifteen mile* from the tine of tho Western and
Atlantic Rail Road to be connected with thisroad
wheu completed. Tho Hiwnsaee company
hove met with difficulties in procuring the moans
of carrying on theii road, which will probably
bo uvercoiuo by the Legislature giving an as«
suranco that this state will proceed to make die
branch road to connect die two rood* together,
whenever tho Hi wa*»eu company ahttt have so
fin progressed, o* to render it certain that their
road will he completed. I would, therefore, re
commend to the Legi»l.itureto pass a resolution
giving such assuranco.
Iu pursuance of tho resolution passed at your
last version, an agent was sent to negotiate will)
tlio legislature of tlio state of Tennessee for the
right of way for the Western and Adnntic Rail
Road fieai iho line of this state to iheTcntieiuoo
river. Ho succeeded iu procuring tho passage
ofan act by the legislature of Tennessee grant
ing to this stato for the Western mid Adamic
Rail Road tho right of way with ilia tamo pii-
vil -ges and under iho same restrictions as had
beeu previously granted to the lliwassco Kail
Road company. Tho copy of the act, die in.
structions to the agent, aud correspondence with
the governor of Tennessee are laid before yon.
Great credit is duo to General Newman, die
agent ofthe state, for the zeal andjntelligeuce
with which ha pci formed the.duty assigncdhiin.
/The most admirable structiiro ef government
'fend the wisest systemoflaws cannot givesecui ity
to the lights of citizens unless aided by swell
constituted judiciary departinout. That enr
rights are whhoni tins security is universally ac
knowledged. Since the constitution has boon
altered so ns to permit an improvement of our
presentsystem, none has yet been devised which
would not bo attendod, in tho opinion ofthe le
gislature, with evils asgrcntaa those from which
wo now aufl*er. This dread would seem to he
excessive since the senritivenen* of the public
would be ce;tain to direct the attention ofthe le-
geature to the correction if any mischiefs conse
quent upon the reform which must be adopted,
flavine expresed my opinions to the legislature
upon this subject very lull in a former message,
I again refer to it from a sense of the strong obli.
gallon winch continalljf rests upon the governor
to provide the best security for Its citizens ogainst
injustice and oppression.
According to die form of our government, it
is made Ihe special duty of the legislature to
correct such imperfections in the constitution as
may have been rendered evident by experience.
On a former occasion, your attention was
called to tho importance of reducing the legisla
tive body, and equalizing the representation of
the people. The necessity of reforming the
constitution in these particulars, has become
more pressing, from tho removal of the Indians
and tho great increase of tho population of the
State. The appointment when made, according
to Iho coiuiis which Imsjiistbeon taken, will add
greatly to the number of matnhers ofthe legisla
ture. Till* enlargement of the legislative body
must lessen its responsibility, increase tho public
expense, render it* deliberations more lumiiltu
ous, and increase tlio uncertainty of its deturmiii,
therefore ••meetly roAommcud that ill" n.ylnm
which u HOW erecting .hull bo uindo to con arm
lo tiro Iron mode* without our Ibor tlrotllho
co,t will exceed tho beuclll which It will con-
for upon the people. Tiro appropriation inatlo
at your lut Mulon will bo llirowu oway, uula«
it (s greatly increased.
Savers! acta and resolution* passed at yonr
last session, which I considered violative nr con-
tllmiloual or important l-gi.hillvn priltciplQ*,
ware prhaol.d to me Tor revi-lim an iuiineUMMI
ly preceding your attiiionoein,that they cotiltl not
Ire rotimieif. Thoy are nuw Iraii.mlltatl to Ilia
•outlie, wltora they orglnntod, with my reamiii,
for tint approving thorn.
Khroliuna for county and inilitia omeer, are
frcnnciilly conic,led before lltia deparpnent,
and iho executive Ion emntmilly areumed llto
authority of determining upon their validity. It
is due In the right* of Ilia people, thnt tho oxer-
rise of his power shtald be regulated by law.
Some embarrassment lifts occarioually been
met with, in inducting county officer* into office
mi account of tlio different forma [J
different officris. 1 would recommend that ll»e
lew be so altered that all the county officer*
may bo inducted into office under the sumo
daliuiHUspotutatum.
A soijof standard weights.prf pared for the use
oflhej«tnte. in pursuance of a resolution ofGon-
S rcss have been received from tho secretary or
io treasury nnd nro now in,tho cxocutivo office.
The legislature will have lo prescribe by law,
the mode by which the weights now in use ill
the cities and counties of the state, shall bo
mndo to conform to tins set of standard weight*.
In 1831, the U-gid.itiir-» appropriated $ 1,000
for the snpport olid education of the indigent
deaf and dumb of the State, at the asylum, in
Hartford, state of Connecticut, aud directed tlio
execative to appoint a cnminu-iouer, to sul-ict
and lake charge ofthe disf and dumb, who
know lodgo. Tlio flourishing dale of these «w
tnriiin’ literary institutions 1ms hot ut all impcdi.il
tha increasing prosperity of Franklin College}
La Ust graduating class having been it* largest.
The interest of tho College Is, howover. inner-
ing from the difficulty nr (brining n Board of
Trustees for the inaiiagsnwut of its afiklra. It
is necessary either to lessen tlie number of
Trustees, or tlio uiimlwr which is required to
form n quorum for doing business.
Tho law pnssednt your last seralmi to estab
lish a general system of education, by common
schools, was delayed ill going into operation for
tire purpose of enabling the jreoplo to express
Uiuir opinion through their Ruprostnilalivoa in
relation to its expediency. You are tborefure
no doubt prepared to act in such manner upon
this subject as your constituents may have de
termined to be for their interest.
A true bill of indictment was found at tho
last January term of tlio Superior Court sif
Chatham county, against Plulbronk and Kel-
lor nut, for the snmu uffcnce with which they
hud been charged, when demanded, as fugitives
from tho justice of thia State by my piadeccsor.
The demand for their arrest and delivery tip
to the ngeiit of this State, a* fugitives from its
justice, was renewed upon the Governor oftlio
State of Maine, and by him asaiti refu eL
Copiee of tlio report and resolution* adopted
by your body at your last session, npmi this
■object, were, in consequence of thia conduct of
tlio Governor of Maim-, end in ro-nplianco with
your re ve«t, transmitted to the Governnis, to
ho laid by them before the 1 .cgwletnroe of the
-fstessasssRas
ERHSDEefit
l»gw. That wo may ire .
luilin lmrgolliiit potilininf
liii|iu,i) iinon ire. lull
Y.iui fellow d _
GKOROF.lt
GKOROF.R.CII
-uyvl'lch u
ilLIIER.
THURSDAY EVENING, Nov. 8, IKX
several State*, to the members of Cougres from
thUS'nte. to bo submitted to tho Senate nnd
House of Ri-nreseutativcs; nnd one the Pre
sident of the United Stntea^A* Iho b-gblaturo
[of Maine does not until January, 1839, its
proceodmgs in answer tu your reiolutiiiiis
cannot -to reported lo you during your present
might be found willing to accept of 'll* bounty., Sv-saion. Tliere can be blit little doubt, however,
Ol tbi* sum f«9'M 66] were expended during that those pr>ceeding*,when lltey do take place,
that year. At the session of 1835, the Legisla. -»--•* . • -
jure appropriated fur the same purpore $4,450.1
in addition to the uirexpcmicdbaluuce of die ap
propriation of the preceding year, junking the
sum of $6,51613], end tlio sum of to pay
the commissioner fer his services. During that
year $845 were expended by die roinuiissinner.
Al.lire session of 1836,die Legislature determin
ed that no additional appropriation was then re
will sustain die course which has hcen pursued
b. the Exocutivo authority of that Stile.
Oil the 2dih of Alarch last die legidutnre of
Alaine passed a law upon lire subject of fugitive a
from the justice of other states by which it audi-
orixes the governor to satisfy himself by investi
gation into the grnnnde of a detnandand wheth
er it ought to be complied with. The legislature
of Alaine, in pissing a law to direct the execu
quired for the benefit ol die deefend dumb, and • jijre ofthe state is a matter which 1* determined
K ssed a resolution directing that $4UU should ;1>y the constitution nnd laws of tlieUiiiledS tales,
paid to the commissioner,which sum nothav- and tha governor in justifying himself ondereoch
mg been inserted in the act of appropriation, | a | aw } n refusing to do what it made imperative
wasi paid by tha Governor eutof ilia contingent by the cnnstiiotion, have evidently only octed
ftind. At the session of 1837, the House of in obedience to the state or public opfuion in
Reprcsentaitvce passed a resolution that die | AIaine.arisingo.it of the oppiition to tlio inatitu
aum of $2,750 should tw appropriated for the tion of slavery in this stele. Had the persons
education and snpport of the deaf nnd dumb in
addition to tlio unexpended balance of previous
appropriations, in die hand* ofthe cammiidon-
er, alia that the commissioner should receive
$600 for bis services during the year. This
resolution was not definitely passed upon by tho
Senate, and no appropriation was made by tlio
Legislature for the benefit of the deaf and dumb
or lor the payment of die commissioner. The
commissioner has been paid $000 out of the
contingent fund. This statement is made fur
Iho purpose of calling the attention of die Legis*
lature to the propriety of fixing the commission*
er’* salary by law, providing for its payment,
and of carrying on tlio benevolent purposes of
die Legislature, in the education and support of
the indigent deaf and dumb of the state,by some
certain legislative provision.
Tlio legislature required of the Executive de-
parlincut, by eu net passed nt its last session to
cause the baiiistering and railing which formerly
divided die lobby from lliesenato chamber lo be
replaced, and the gallery of die senate chamber
to be enlarged so as to correspond in size and
fo;m with the gallery of the hou*e of represen
tatives, and appropriated one thousand dollars
for the accomplishment of these objects. That
sum has been found entirely msulhcieiii for the
purpose.
The building nnd repair* of die public arse
nals, the keening, repairing, distribution and
collection of die public arms, and Ihe appoint
ment aud salaries of the military store keepers
require to ho regulated by law. Alostof wliat
lias been done upon these subject* has been
Aillm, twillirtil. ■•ilk.t.ilu n _•
ations. The great variety ol sectional and local either without authority, or iu pi
interest* existing iu our oxteusivo territory occasional resolutions ol die Legli*lal
render it just to tho whole and each part, that s “ l ' : — r " “ L ‘‘
Ihe representation of the people should be made
equal. But it is especially important that the
senate should he constituted differently from the
house ofrepresentatives, aud that itshould be a
smaller aii-l more select aud stablo body limn at
present. If the proposed amendments of die
constitution would loud to secttie a wise and
justadministration of public affairs, it is due to
the community, and lo the principle!upon which
our government i* founded—the capacity of the
people to govern thoiuaelvea—dial they abould be
made.
Tho < resolution passed at yeur lost session,
atithoriring this department to omploy a compe
tent engineer to survey the Uhattahoochoo rivcr l
from West Point to Winn's Ferry, and report
the obstructions to its navigation,nnd die expense
of removing diem, and also upon the practica
bility of constructing a canal fruui die navigable
waters of the St. Alarys to tho Chattahoochee,
wus uot carried into clfect, on account of die
in r oruia i y of tho resolution, and the wuut of
appropriat ion to doI'rny the expense.
The transportation ofthe heavy agricultural
productions of tlio interior upon rivers,is usually
the cheapest mode of llieirconvoyance lo market,
when it van be used. I would therefore recom
mend thnt o general survey and examination be
made, not only ofthe Chattahoochee, but of all
our rivers capable of being rendered navigable;
and that an experienced and skilful supcrinleu-
dant bo appointed indirect tho application .of
the money appropriated for their improvement,
instead ofthe loose and wasteful manner which
has been hitherto pursued, of expending die
public money appropriated for such purposes.
I would call tlio attention of the legislature to
tho necessity of providing for tho settlement of
all public accounts. According to the law
now in force for auditing public accounts,
the Comptroller General is only author,
ized to pass upon demands against the
Treasury. Tho interest of tho Stale equally
requires that tho accounts of the agents of the
State, entrusted' with the expenditure of Ihe
money appropriated for pul-lic purposes, and
drawn Hum the Treaaury, should be sub.
jetted to the supervision of some officer
specially charged with that duty. Tho public
money has frequently been wustod, misapplied,
or not applied at all, to die objects intended,
from the want of strict accountability on the
part of public agents. The Legislature has the
evideuco ofdii* at each session, in tlio defective
report* received from tho Trustees of tho
Academic and Four School Funds. Tire large
sums now appropriated for the erectiou of public
buildings, improving the navigation of rivers,
and for the survey nnd construction of lire West
ern and Atlantic Kail Road, require thnt this
subject should receive die early attention of the
Legislature.
Upon consulting with distinguished physici-
nns in every part of the state it was determined,
under tho limited discretion given in the selec
tion of its location, to place the 'Lunatic Asy
lum in the neighbourhood of MiUedgeville Drs.
Fort and White were appointed both to direct
the construction of the building, and to collect
information in regard to die proper regulations
and management# of the institution, and will
mike their report directly to the legislature. The
large number of lunatics which ate found
throughout every part or our country, tho great
aggregate amount ofsufll-ring which thoy bring
upon families aud neighborhoods, the expense
and trouble of guarding and medical attention
when they are undor the cart of individuals,
the asmrnuce given by experience that in well
man iged asylums tho core of the insane is
more certain and their suffering much less than
under any private treatment whatever, make it
one of tlio most importaniii duties of tho stnto
l-i provido such nn institution for this unfortu
nate class of its citizens. It must be «ucb an
institution, too, as will secure the public con
fidence, or die sympathy which is felt for the
irs ;ne by their friend*, will confine its use to
ilia most hopeless oa-es or tlioso ill whose res
toration society ha* tho least interest. 1 would
who have been demanded ofthe state of Maine
by this state, been charged tilth any other crime
dmn stealing negro ilnve*,theracanbe iio doubt
that they would have been delivered up without
difficulty. If the people of Alaine will thus pre
vent their nuthorrica fm delivering ap to tho au
thorities of Ga for trial.thoso'who entice away fm
citizens of Georgia,llreir slaves, and escape Irum
citizens of Georgia, their staves, and escape
from punishment Into die state of Alaine, the
people of this stnto must take means to secure
their rights of property from the danger to which
it will be dius exposed. The state of Georgia
has the power to protect ilsawn institutions,and
it will be ita duty to exert it, if necessity should
require. Nothing but necessity, however,
should induce the state to adopt any coarse
which may distarb the harmony ofthe Union.—
Having referred to die consideration of the
legislature of Maine the conduot ofthe execu
tive of that state in refusing to deliver up to
thia state the fugitives from its justice. Phil-
brook and Kellleren, by your resolutions,
it will be proper to take no mensuro
upon dii* subject,, until it shall be acted upon
by Alaine. Copies of the correaponder.ee of
this department, and all the papers relating
to the last demand made upon the governor of
Alaine,for Phiibtook undKolleran are laid before
you.
1 transmit to the Legislature copies of the last
semi-annual reports of dm Banks of this State.
Fot ming as the issues of the banks do, the almost
exclusive medium through which all biisinoaa
is transacted.and the value of properly estimated,
it is out ef the moot important duties of the
Legislature to examine into their stele,to compel
them to fulfil tho conditions of their charters,
and to strengthen their capacity for usefulnes*.
The luinoua effects produced in many parts of
our country by the late extraordinary commer
cial pressure and demand for specie, have been
comparatively, but slightly felt in this state. The
general snundnes* of die condition of our banks,
enabled them, daring their suspension of specie
payments,to retain the confidence ofthe country,
and at Uiesamo time to give the usual facilities
to business through the use of their credit.—
Their reports show that all the Banks which had
suspended; have resumed specie payments,
except the Farmer’s Bank of Chattahoochee/—
BT TH« Alo»w,« ol tiiiYormir Gu.iun, wU,
„• pruent to nu'r reail.ii lonlay, will b. rw,
will, iuteieal. Iu length bu excluded other
matter | oho, atlrettiecnienle-whleb will be
nttendetl loin oilmen.
CTThe Hoard of Health at Clwrleatea referi
the dentil of M per,on, during Ihe week,.ending
oil the 4th iuet. trlii't 4 whine, nttd 0 klacluand
culoied | of the while,,2 died ufatnnger'a fetar.
From tmr Currcrpomlml.
Gth Nor., 1833.
Doth bnuicbee of the General Awembty^eth
retted lo dry, nt lOo'clock, in the Capitol, The
Sunnie woe cnllud lo order preclroly at that hour
■od elUr odwii.i,taring tire u,ual oath, to the
number,, proceededtetheelertion of a Pmi-
dent. The Hon.CltoileeDougherty,of Clark
wne elected oror hie opponent, Gen. Echoic, o>
Walton, bp o majority of four rotea—one tea/
leringi for Dougherty, 47—Ecliol,, 42, Umar'
(iio r onudiduto.) 1. Ill Iho Honan, joreplt Day,
of Jones, was elected ky ihe following rote t r„r
D.y, 88—Merriwothcr.66—two 8. R. member,
abient. The Stale Right- Porty hove therofaio
« majority'ol from 4 to 6 on joint ballot. Job,
T. Unnr, of Bibb, was elected on tlio Oth ballot.
Secretary ofthe Senate, and John H, Dyonn.on
tlio &lh, Cleik ofthe Iloueo. The ejection, lb
inferior officer! of tho two Houaoa i, non yrj.
growing.
MAIL llOnUEKY.
We learn from tho Greouylllo llMubma
thnt the Weetera Mail was stolon from tha be*
of iho Stngo on tho morning of the 27th tilt. ],
i< supposed lo hare beentokeli within 13 or IS |
miles Tram Greenrillo.as it wee going Wed*
ATHENS, (Go.) Nor. 3.
Fire.—On Buudoy night, the 28th ultimo, tie
fine dwelling, well nigh completed, of tliiv
Kvbl. Taylor, in the upper part of Tews, tns
discovered to be on fire, end aucli was Ihe rapid
program the flumhe lied inudo.uldudky a lilib
. wind, as lo reuder all prospect of arrertiai a
entirely bopelem;—cooroquantly, the alWaOM
of the oilmen, wee directed to raving odw
building, endangered, which fortunately tiny
were enabled to do
The lorn to Maj. T. iummraj thmuandddhi,
—no iniuronce. TheftMt caution obwmd
by Msj.T. in preventing the introduction rf
any lira into the kuildiug, in ill Ulifiniilwd ible,
leaves no doubt that it was tha work ofan iecw
diary.
coniiUEitciAi, JomiVAii.
ur,ounce of
... ■ Jlure varying
lit llioir provision, from each otlior.
The report, or tlio military storekeepers at
MiUedgeville and Savannah are laid before you.
There have been received from the United
Stales, under Ihe act ofOoiigre„ofl808, during
lire past year, 7SS murkot, and 724 rifles, and 2
bras, six nolinden with their proper accoutre
ment,. Tho two braw six pounders were re-
coived as part of the atate', quota of public arms
at lire request orthecity council of Augusta,and
have been placed in the pouessioo ofthe voliin*
leer company of that city, known es the Augusta
Artillery Guard. An eflort attended with Mine
success hoc been made to collect into the arM>
nets, tho public arms which had been scattered : Whilst the coulee ofthe banks in suspending
over the country during the Seminole, Creek, -P—ie payments should bo excoied on account
and Cherokoo campaigns of 1830, and which ! if'ho force ofthe circumstances under which
campaign, of 1830, and which
had been in tho posiossion of volunteer com'
ties becemo extinct, end were either becoui
5 appropriated as private property, or destroy
from the want of the care necouary for their
thoy acted, the Legislature ahonld taka care that
it is not again pursued kullrem the like neceen-
ty. Indeed, the general convertibility of book
notes into specie, without difficulty or delay, is
preservation. There ere some military stores 1 ao important for settling balances when trade
end defective arms in Ihe arsenal, and elienhere, I has been against us, aud keeping tlio rato ef
which can never be of any public use, and exchange at its proper premium, that it may be
uuglit to he sold. 1 would recommend llratyou I advisable for the Legislature to socure this oh-
authorize this to be done. , j 0 cl by additional enactment,.
I transmit to you o list of Execotivo Warrants | Baukswhen established upon proper nrinci-
winch havo been issued during iho past political I pies, and compelled to not up to their design,
year, and ef appointments which have beeu made ' should be enetamed by the state, as exceedingly
during the eime. valuable instruments for adding to lira wealth ir.d
Resolutions of tho legislatures of Alabama,
Ohio, Kentucky, .Maine, Arkansas and Coimoc'
licut, upon various subjects of supposed coin,
moo iutorcsi to the steles, are, ky uieir request
laid before you foryuur consideration.
I transmit to the Jlnuso of Representatives,
tho rstniui of the census of the stale which hnve
boon received ftom the clerks of the superior
cuurls of the several counties.
Major Genoral Samuel Armstrong Daily,
Drtg. Geo. Mark Wilcox and llrig. Gen. Tlllly
Vinson, have resigned their respective conn
mauds.
Ihe Rev. Charles Wallace Howard has been
sent to London, for thu pnrposo of procuring
copies of such of the Colonial records as relate
tu the history oud settlement of this state.
The resolution passed at year Inst session,
directing tho publication ofthe annual report of
llr rnllinn'e naolu.:...! . . . J
Dr. Col ting’s geological survey, was not pre^ tor to be created, if their charters ahull require
Ullllnrl flip is ft tie oxer is I s.s.t.1 ..A .1 .! .1 a .1 .1 II L. •
sonted for approval until after (lie time had ex.
paired within which, by the Constitution, the
Governor is authorized to sign resolutions.This
circumstance, together wi ll some difficulties
which occurred between Dr. Colling and the
State Printer, as to tlio time and manner ef
priming, hn* prevented the publication ofthe
report. This i*, perhaps not to be regretted, as
it appears to be the intention of the .Legislate re
to publish a full report, when the entire survey
shall be completed, The Legislature is retimed
lo tho correspondence with the State Geologist
mid Stato Punter, for ftirther explanation upon
tins subject.
Tho accompanying report of Dr. Coding
shows what have been his operations during
the past year.
The aifuiiiof tho Penitentiary have been con
ducted iiuring the past year very successftilly,
under the superintendence of the present vigi.
lain Principal Keeper and Board of Inspectors.
The police laws ol the institution require some
reform,especially for preventing tho intercourse
which is now permitted among the convicts.—
The buildings also require some improvement
For information upon thia and other subjects
connected with the Penitentiary,you are respect
fully referred to the reports ofthe Board of In
spectors. 0
At no time has publie opinion been mere alive
to the value of education iu producing individual
excellence, thu security of public rights, and tha
general prosperity or society. The Presbyte
rian, Baptists, and Alethmlist denominations of
Christians, have by iho liberal zeal with which
they have endowed and are supporting the
Oglethorpe University, Alercer University, Em
ery Collego. and the Georgia Female College,
given the full weight of their highly important
in 11 iihnee In favor of tho benefits to bo derived
from iutclicdlualcultivation oml the diffusion of
prosperity ofthe community, by the profitable
moployraent which they give to industry nttd
talents, through the use of Uieir credit and capi
tal; the great advantages which they afford for
carrying ou trade; the means which they furnish
for developing the natural resources ofthe coun
try,.and constructing important work* of internal
improvement; Uie stimulus which they give to
enterprize; their tendency toentaige the quantity
of acti/o capital, and render ita distribution con-
veiiiunt to the poople, fix the rate of interest, and
lessen the exactions of usury.
Banks should be strictly prohibited from en
gaging in any speculation whatever. I would
respectfully recommend, that the privilege of
banking shall not hereaftet be conforred upon
companies chartered for other purposes. I am
also ofthe opinion that it will add to the pnblie
security, for the proper conductofbanfcs, hereof-
LATEST DATES
niOM LIVERPOOL, till S i
ruon havkb, muttim
ntoM nonii.c, t t i t : t j 11 :
PROU KKW-onLKANS. X S t t t I t
OCT. !*1
sbpt.39. I
MOV, 3.
oct. 8L I
“ SAVANNAH EX PORTS,*Nev.‘».' .
Per ahlp Newark, forN Yurk-343b*ki Cor |
ton, 383 casks Rios.
CHARLESTON, NoV.V—fSenO-W«Uv I
Report.)—Cetf-o—In Uplands the niaiket nil I
remolui in the unto dull elate, ee at the elm of I
our lest week’s statement. Seles have bra I
nude of. Tew small parcels at from 13| W 13(1
iu the lower qualities there has been no fleam; I
ae the prices are held too high for the bu>cn, I
flics—There hoe been a good inquiry for prim I
Rica linen our last report, although operates I
have been light, owing to tho enulloeas effisl
receipts, which have been inadequate totkefltl
manu. 1
BALTIMORE, Nor.fr—C
mad. lut week ofb»livoen 300 and 400 babidj
Mississippi et 12jcts. which comprised aU of Ik
description in market. The slock new cob
is extremely light.
Hornet otntt Finer.—Tha market far II
ud etteet flour is very quiet, and uochuj
pricea lias token place sinca our lut »p<
The wagon price we quota at *7,624. -hbs-
a alight advance is paid for occaeioaai M
Sales from atone hava beeu mad. atf7;S!|
which wa quote aa the current rote to.dty. , I
City Mitts Flour.—Seles have bus ouhl
throughout tba week, including percale ytflol
dav and to-dey, at *7.75per bid. |
Corn.—Saiee of white, eerly io the week, V
85 o 80 cents. We find tiro market exeeedui/tT]
doll to-day. end quota while, nomioilly, at®
cents. Yellow is also quite dolt, at 87 U
centa.
(By the Dataware at CharlaUn.)
HAVANA, Oct 27.—The arrival at thal
quel Do Tampico will have abed effiret ta«
Rico market, not more than 14 n will MI
The Catherines cargo remain! unsold,
ever of tire new crop Cofiee cooks in is us
ately bought opal iO a lira. Moliwis5
Sugar* 84 a 121 and M a IS|. .
Got 8ft—Wereftainedlromany illnemoj
our !a*t moodily circular, to tho apptsMU
which existed of* eeriooe injury to the gw
crept, from a long prentanca of dioogM
ing tha airly part ol the season, partly, «'
peered to be believed by mony that * MWPj
tha weather which look pUc* towr*rd*th-»y
.fleet month and continued through loer-
part of UiD, would remove all esore I* ■
alarm) and portly, hut moreparficu arty -*
view of being able at a later data le |l« '
friend* abroad as correct ad vices asnMgbtr-J
our power on a point of so much inter***-
hnvenow obtained very foil h*"**! A
almost evory quarter, andregret to »«J« -
that tlio stock shall be distributed among numer
ous persons, and the amount to.be hold by io-
dividual* limited, so that no one, nor even a few,
will be able lo obtain th* entire control or man
agement of a bank; experience having proved nmwi «»»«»# «§»»——»» -o .
that private banks are too apt to run imospeeuta- tremelydbcouragiRg. The late rains
tion. and that the temptations, and cxce-sh e leas abundant than usual at tho
credit to individuals, is too great to be easily
resisted, when the banka are iu the handi oft
few.
Intimately connected with the subject of oar
Banks, is the policy proposed by the Admin
istration of the General Government of collec
ting tlio nublio dues exclusively in gold and
silver, and entrusting their safe keeping until
required for expenditure lo individuals, instead
of banks. The effect of these rneasu res if they
had been adopted by Congress, would have
added to tbe {cost afalf goods upon which duties
arc paid; increased the difficulty of purchas
ing publie lands to eveiy citizen except large
capitalists und officeholders; endaggered the
currency by constantly withdrawing from tho
banks the basis of their circulation; lessened the
safety of the keeping ol the revenue; added to
the uncertainty and expensoof transferring
the publie money fVom the places of collection
to the places of expenditure: and to have locked
up the public money from the place of col
lection until wanted for the purposes of the
government instead of permitting It to add to
Uie circulating wealth of the country through
the means of,general depositee in the batiks,
Nor would the country have been compensated
for these injurious consequences from the pro*
posed messureby any corresponding advantages
The divorce ofthe government from tilt banka
could only have resulted in forming a more
intimate connexion between ita beneficiarka and
the peoples’* money; and increasing the depen
dence of the officers of the goverumctit and
ficient to lepeirlh- injury
saaatattiailKSi
•s-sssasasS
as^ESsSS'
mom new estates will iritWRWtt taa
belief that the deficiency will not taj-*
I25to 160 mil boxes, or n maet. ffi*'
wilUotexoerilfit equals that oftH*
was a trifle over 500 mil boitt jk-...
is now bvonbl*, but owrnaW 6*
coodition ofthe eaoe, venr lew esWJ- j
able lo grind early, and fit* aappW* ■ h „
gui will be unusually late. W'lh
pacts therefore, aud ffie pr?b- b ““/ “ •
receipt, of lb* new crop will find u
tirely bar* of old Sugar, w* “""Kg dm
than expect prlcee WlliteekWl?>* n t
and baling -pp-at- to be,Jb*t »be nn^
ftanSqtuI Hm pretwhjehwMlMrijfg^;
a fair average 7Jtk?eroB»t--
remaining on -ale ofthe old c »P
ficant to require nollc«,and onM 11 | D w.l
axpcctnotuppi«ofconiequin^ ,ltk»»
Tu* few percale thus f"«JT2e el J» •
low qualities, have met ready ora, §| „
States*-
