Newspaper Page Text
UKimIKIJG&N:
I HI j;\ MOTl'.Y JtJ.'CliEl.ANB,
. xtrr cctfiirr
Du'v l*:iiwr.s:::i:i1:r.\Kiiim Itollnrepcr Annum.
I’ntintrv Pftmr.tt.ltlttStl 'fwp to 1 1 Aun nil.
L>nil>- PilptfjBlftitFivo Doll at*. par Bit MnilUi*.
ountry Paner.v.mTbree- do do ■ do
ipamhi-k ii id'- *iC r.."\-_
,We dill/ At* Aiitxriutmiiut, •IVtur in both
OT u wmr . « vitit* MR d»
NOT Kit'* K<T\*Uill** I, A PK*V UKIH8 FrtUM
THRlU,,
Mil. 1UVES’ SPKKCll.-rfConiiittitrfO'
It i> in vam thrnMr. Pre*id«tnl. to eudanvnr
todingiii*. Ilia rcnl.lrirt nod tendency of thia re
port —Ttio pnaangne l have rami t« the Senate—
tnken fpnuim Jruin ivory purl .if the lopurl-
pruve, beyond contioCori*y. tlmf it if. nn 11101.0*
tuaut lhMiigli«ni 'if iln* I'UMmlmMOff. by e . v *'y
ntolivu tohMffl cnn b« oddrSaatd to inn foarnn i*r
the pnsfiinif *>f man. to exiri Ihnir AMu-mt uuiivii
ty mid influence in Ilia elec.i kis and puny Mu
test, of ihadiiy. And who are there nllice.
holder*, Mr. I , reiid«i»l.'ilinl me hold up liv Ilia
ropnit nfllin legitimate udiirere of Urn People
in the exercise ufilmir precious mid Invaluable
eoverign rights) 1 have alro.dy shown how
gratuitous is tlio artifico which would represent
thi'in ns "honored by ilia chnioe mid einilidmice
ortlio people." Nil. fi 1 iliey 010 flinjen by the
Kivcniiv'e nhme. mid ora roilfeinpmpily, wholly
dependant nn the Executive. H»* far peruoiu
standing in tncli n relational. cninpuloiit to per
form Ilia paitoffafa (mftialtwMo nniinsollnrs to
the People, in ilia exhreise of their electoral
■ lights, lot the Senator fcoin Missouri (Mr. Ben.
Ion,) the Senator from P.niuylvanie. (Mi.
Buchanan,) nnd the present Attorney Ganaral
ortho United State*, (,\lr. Grundy.Joa severally
quoted by Ihu Senator from Kentucky, (.Mr
Crittenden,) in hiiablaspaeeh in support ofliif
hill.give the unswer. In the eelabrnted repoiton
Executive peirnuage.lho Senator from .Vision,i
told os that ndiners deriving their appointments
from the President, would bo eilinnlnd with
his spirit mid moved by Ins will.” Thr
Attorney General of the United Slates, in n
speech niudo by hint during hisservice til Con
gress, declmed that when lie saw an ulfice.hnld
or going 10 the polls, ho could not resist the
the conviction that iia was **111*11111*1110 nlliis salary
aud his bread,” and tlwhuimrable Senator from
Penuvania.iu a su«ech 111 ids by him some yei r •
ago iiithn other House,, ho* told us that ihei>e
‘•office.holdrtm nro but tho enlisted soldi-rs of
the Administration!" Now. Mr. President, n
does *eont to me that persons standing IB surh
dependent relations on tlm Kxecntive. are tint
the mint proper counsellor of a free people in
tho exerciso of their ©let tofal rights,
I know, sir,.there are honorable exceptions to
this general dei-crintion of officeholders; that
there are men in office wh*»i however desirable
their places miy be to them.would never ennseni
to purchase a coiUinunuco in-office by thesncii.
'fico of their conscience.*!*.or hy unworthy coinpli’
ances of any sort. But still it will be true in gen
oral, from the very nature of things, that those
who fill public office* will he nniiuatf'd by ill*
saniespiiii f audgbvernedbv the same views^wiih
the power wlucli confer and ran mkoaway those
offices. More especially «tnut*this oh die case
when that licentious inottn of party p ; |lagr, ?‘to
the victors belong the spoils." otiered in “evil
hour” on this floor by. a Senator from N. Y (.dt
Marccy,) in reference to the official trusts ol ihn
country, ahull, ns every thing indicates it will.be
. fully carried out in ptno'ica* One of the Hands
of Department*. indeed, it I mistake uof, (the
Pcftnn^r (xen**ra»;) has ill siibstnuro otieuiv
proclaimed, in a latter -published not long »i ire
that he should consider Iwinselfguiliv ofireache.
ry to his party if he appointed i a office any on*
who was notn supporter of tin; Aduiiui-lraiioii
I pretend not to quote die words; btijhis.nrcord
mg to the best ol my recolleuiimi. was the sub
alancn and spirit of ihe dechration.
Office holders then, hi ecueral. from the nn*
. turp of things, and from tho .tendency *-f the
jo.i1r.Rsy. not confidence, which prescribes *iaitl»
ird Cosiittitutsmv!«« bfe'l dnwnjlioka yvl.om wo
are obliged to p lid with pi.wer..
OUv ofiho most conspicuous fi tiit* of this wise
ienloHsy.wliaTeVer free government Is known.is
to restrain all personsin vested with public office
from any inunfuretire with thoVieo exercise ol
ihasovtmiigrt right of clei tioit by the People,
Tim Smintor fihm Kentucky has shown us w lint
Wern tbc soluuni dcclaintinus of Mr. Ji flerstm
on this subject before Ins accession to the Pie*i
deucy, pud tho uinumrabln citculnr'wirch lit*
chilled to bo ts>ued in |inisitauco of ih»«c do*
clmnvinus nftor ho entered upon W\* lush duth-s.
lie lias also prnpnrly reminded us of tho emplia*
tic ndopti ui of tue same priiiraple l»y President
Jackson, w hail, in his flist iuniigurid nddress.liQ
nlinonticed to the con»i‘ry,tii ilio leading branch
of his ••task of reform,” “the correction of thrtso
ubiiscs that hnve brought the patronage of die
Federal (Jovernmniit into conflict with the from
doin of eleclidus." YYV hive seen, also, what
has been the legislation of that country (next to
our own, the freest under the sun. and from
which pur ancestors brought with tlioni so iiutiiy
of our own cherisfred iustiludnis) for the pur.
rose of repressing official interference with the
reedmnbf elections
Unt tho Senator from Now Jorsoy peeks, to
weaken din in»t influence of theso weight/
opinions mid grave precedents, liv ascribing
them to sonic |>n|uv consideration of temporary
expediency,1011)01 tfiau to dm couYrnilitig authori
tv of g cat and enduring principles. Mr.
J .-iTiomui'm declaralitns as Well ns that ofGeuer.
al J.ick-Min, he se,.|iied tu intima*e. Were htcrtd-
ad 11 ore as a reduction onMlie < undiict of their
predecessors than ns the nunuiitimiuit of a great
principle ol civil government.
Lllem Mr. YVall explained.]
dir. Hives resumed, and spid. Let ns fonk'et
the defclarntiona of Mr. Jctfursou ll^emsrlvus,
and then we shall understand (heir tine charm*,
ter and import. Ilmhfid received, while the
Presidential .election was yet pending, a letter
from Governor McKean, of Pennsylvania, in*
forming him nf Uiu .misconduct of • certain
Federal officers in that State. In his reply, da*
ted February «2,1601, lie uses this etuphsdc
lingunget * .
“Ono thing I will say, that, as to tho future,
interferences with elections whether of die State
of Geuetal Government, by officers of die latter,
■tiuuid be deemed cemrtr.vf removal; because
the constitutional rnmedv by tho elective prill*
ciple becoiurs nothing, if it may be smothered
by llie eriortnuus patronage of the General Gov
eminent." .
The circular which he caused to be issued hy
the snveftil bunds of Departments, immediately
aflur his .introduction into office, is ill the follow
ing word*:
••The president of llie United States has seen
with dissatisfaction, officers of the General Gov.
eminent taking, on vadous occasions, active
parts in elections of Uie public functionaries,
whether of the Geticrrl or of the 3tat£ Gnvorn*
tn ruts. Freedom of elections being essential to
the mutual indepimdeiico of Governments; und
oftliodifl'uront branches ofiho same Govern*
mailt, so vitally cherished by most of nnf Con*
sti.ut Oiis.it isdtemoJ improper fur 'officeis, dt*
pending on tho l.xocutivo of the Union, to at
b*mpt to coot'ol or influeuco the free exercise
of lira elective right. ‘ This I am instructed,
therefero, to uolily to ull officers w ithin tny De.
par tine ill, holding their appointments under the
aiatlioriiy of the President diieitly.and to desire
them te notify to all subordinate to them. The
riglit of any officer to give his vote at elections
ns u qualified .citizen, is not meant to be re*
strained, nor however given, shall it have any
•fleet to his prejudice; but it is expected that he
will nut attempt to influence the votes of oilr
era, nor take any part in the business of clue-
tionueriug. ihnt being deemed inconsistent with
thespiiil of the Constitution, and hi* duties to
it.”
Now. Mr. President, do yon discern, or can
anjr mein ho r of. this body discern, in these sob
eiuu uiul omphalic declarations, the slightest
nppcanineo ol an act of mere temporary expe
diency xrr of party rec.imiuationf On the coir
trurv.do they not proclaim thenuii-iuteifereiice
nf I->•>l,iml F.irrniiVM iilli<*xr« tvilli nuniil.ir eltiC*
of Federal Lxucuiive officers with popular
lions to baa iiiinlniuen.al principle of hirer ty
uud Uiu Gonsiitminii; as *ei>scutial to the tmitu*
ul independence of the Stine uimI Generel Go*
veriiimuts,' ‘*o vitally uherishuu'ey Americ4.11
iiisiitiiiloMs, and us iudispeusubfo,indeed, to pie,
reive from destruction the great 'constitutional
remedy’of tho elua.ive right ilselff Could the
principal be placed nil higherormore sacred or
mure oudiuiug ground? It is Impossible, * iin
.deed, 10 read inure noble nionumsiiis nf ihe
principles ot Alf. Jeflerson without seeing in
mi
U, 1,1.11^1, 11,11, l.uill ... * .1 IHU ' • • _ f o
times, must ho expected to he animated with- Uiem.Uiesaiqe.steady duvptmn In. and just np.
the spirit, and devoted in the policy and views «*•.«!-* *»-»■•• wi.s»i. - n„-
of the chief Cxecuiivo Magistrate, f/ruiu whom
direclly.or indirectly, they deiiietheir appoint*
mum*, and on whom they depend for contlmr
.anco in office. Surely, no candid und rcfluciiiig
iiiun Will deliberately say that persons standing
. in this situation ougli]*to* be lieeused. ifiuch less
prompted and encouraged.take an acli\p purl
an controlling iIuhu popular elections, through
which it wa* the design nf our republican sy**
lein that the’coiiduct of ihumselves mid ortheir
superiors should be lirooghtlo the lest of a free,
u fiovoreigii.iinbinssed public jmlgiueiit.
The nahdr ib'.c Seintnr from New Juis*y ,hnw
over, seems to think it a very great hardship; a
violation of me equality «l nnr laws am! of ihe
spirit of the Cmistiliilion that persons holding
public office should ho temporarily ahridg. d of
privileges enjoyed und exercised by oilier citizens
But is tlfls any novelty in nnr polity or legis'a*
■lion? Does not tho Constitution itso'Jf especially
provide that *uo]pnrsniis holding any office nrider
tho United Steles shall he a meinber of either
Houre of Congress during his c uitiu ince in
‘ office,’ nnd also.that 'in*person hotuing an office
of trust or profit under the United S ates shall
be appointed an F.'.cclor of President and Vice
•Prcsideii:?’ Those are privileges, end very high
privilege*, too,(especially tho first,] enpi'yed by,
nil other citizen^; and yet tho express fi.it of tho
Cons ilutiim excludes all parsons holding office
from the enjoy motif ofihctn while they shall con*
"'•issc is sfHcc. Are «f5cehuWe»»J*«*iter fiued : «r
have they, in the eye of reason nod sound policy ,
auy bettor right to crept ihtmselves into political
guardians nod promptorsofthe People itt elec
tions,than to be thoir reprase in lives nn I servants
hi the Legislature,froiirvv.hich we Imve just seen
they are expressly excluded by tho very lettof of
the CunstUutionf .Tnehoiiorulde Senator also
said, in hi* report,that, *iiuder the existing laws,
a citizen of a Slate does not,hy accepting unyol
the offices under the Federal Government,forfeit
spy of till) rights and privileges which be/airg to
him as a citizen ufd Slate.’ Now, srr.iar f>r ns
the lagisUtiou of tho Coinpiouweahli which I
have tjnr honor to .represent] in part., on Uii*
floor, is concerned, 1I10 gentiemuii is wi’iolly mis*
••‘ken. Hy arcepiiog. an oflice under. Ilia
Federal Government, a ciiizan of Virginia does
forfait during his continuance in such office,
. the privilege enjoyed --by all other citizens of
• llm Slate, ofnligmility to qny office under ihe
authority of the Coiiinum wealth. Hy an act of
fuirdunieiital legislation cooval with tho adop*
• lion tif'iIia FederalConstitiiitou, mid still pro,
served in bold relief on our sliituto hook.' it is
declared flint fiio persons holding*nr accepting
any ofiijo: &c., under the authority of (he Util*'
. ted'States rdiall'ho capuh'oof holding nnynllir.o
. le-idalive, executive, or judi*-inl.cir -my other uf
fico, place or nppoiiiimeiit of trnsi of profiy, un
der llie Government of. this -Commonwealth.'!
There ate.', doubtless^' siuiilar pio\isfims in
tho laws ami. Consiiiniiiiiisof ihu -inlior States.
. YVo pee, then, that dll our itflqjtiluunVSitno
nnd Federal, create a bro uJ line of distinction
between oilidifliolders pud -the general mass of
•eiii/.iMis. They impose political dUqiialifu-utbiis
rttud re«niclHiu> upon tlm former during (heir
doiitiiiiiOuce in oflice. from .which the groat body
i»rilui oommiijiiiy lire exempt. .And wisely dff
ihev do it. There oxcliisiousImve t|i«;ir.oVl«*ti» hi
th^.ilmgry jealousy of power which is tlm very
instinct mid vital piinciploofijlierty. YY'liafdoci
Mr. Jefflireim tell iis in that-veryparage which
tlm liojiorablo .Senator Ins quoted tyr his report,
apparently tincotrtrjous bHti force'nit J just njh
plication to overilwmv jilr tlio-w.irb;drawn argil,
inems of his elaborate defence of the equal rights
-of officudibMms? Does beyint tcjl iir lint yfrop
goverumetit itself is fcnuiicd'ih jeuhnjsy? It-ie
prcciittion of popular rights, whicli, in llie Dec.
laralhui of Independence, asserted -the right of
el rction to he * u right iiiestimablo toTreemeii
amt formidable to tyrants only,” and which,<>itt
bis fiist inaitgorul uddress, inculcated 'a jealous
care of llie right of election’ hy the people, as
the mild and safe corrective ofubuse* which are
lopped by ilia sword of oluciioii win-ro peacou*
hit remedies a 1 e unprovided.’ These, sir, ure
the principles'of a pure, unadulterated, conser
vative dmnocracy,. aud I would ling leave 10
emiiineiiil them to the inedituiion of the liouora.
ble.Senator from New'Jcrsuy, before becomes
iorwaid w ith another defence of the pragmatic
rights ul‘oflice holders.
In regard to lire legislation of England on the
subjects tlio honorubib Senator confining inn
view to -a single statute, (Unit of the fifth yepr
uf YV illiain ihe 3d,)treun>d it as a special bu- gain
between the. Km-and the Common*, to pro.
cine supplies for the Crown on the one Imml,
nnd to protect certain corporate ‘rights of elec
tion held by the Common* or their constituent?,
011 ihe other; in other words, at a sort of mer
cantile contract, by which the King agreed,
if the Common* would grant him a stipulated
sinn in tnxes tie would refrain interfering, by his
officer?,with ihe election* ol the Common?. But,
sir this is most gros-ly to misconceive the dignity
and character of the question and to degrade
it below the whole principles on wlucli it rests
The freedom of elections from official inter for*
etice, m a principle of English liberlv, rooted
in tiiMglotioii* revolution nf lC8d, being inti
mately connected both with Ihe moving cuuses
ami 1I10 immediate result*. If the .-Seuaior from
New Jersey w ill look at the bill of rights tho
great charter of British freedom, solemnly
adopted by both Houses of Parliament in tha
name and oil belinlf of the nation, he will find
it specially enuineiaicd in the preamble ofliint
act. among the causes by which Juines the 2d
had forfeited llie tiiroue, that "ho had violated
the freedom of elections of members to serve in
Parliimetit;aod after wards, in >hy|hody of the
act, it is declared as nit injegrai part of “the
ancient right* and liberties" of the people of
England, “that 1I10 election of memburs ol Par
lim u n ongihfo be free.”
The history of the time? shows that James the
2d resorted to nil sorts of influence.. both upon
his parliament tind his people to carry his favor*
he object of the estab i-diment of tlio Roman
Catholic religion. Finding the existing Purlin-
incut intractable to his purposes.nfter practicing
upon the loyalty of each number whom he sup
posed him lid Ui him by any lies • of interest or
attachment, by sending fer them and holdi' g
P'ivato audiences with them, separately, in hi*
cjnset. (n royal expedient, which first gave rise
to the term, c/osiling. as a political phrase, nnd
which isi perhaps, not without example* of it*
practice in our own country,) he dutdriiiined to
dissolve flip old Parliament and to summon' n
pew one. .'In'order to mould this netv IVliu-
n.tmYto tho designs nf die Knig,;ill llie resonre^s
of iiiaiiagemciit and infliiciico were brought 'to
'bear on the elections. Officers appointed by
flic Crown, were sent la Avery part of the king*
dmiXU) regulate, as ft wnj calfrnJ, llie corporate
bodies piMsessing tliq'right of. choosing •ineirre
her* dl Parliament, nr, in other words, m pre
pare them for tlm choice of am ir inembe 8 ns
would he ncccptublo to, the •Court. Letters
were written liy 1I10 King* ministers to thelord
lieutenant* of flic coiiiuies, nnd other then of
iuflifcoco; requiting tlmir aid mi iho elechou o
such pCrscn? a* were Jtunwn to be frrvorahle tp
the view* of 1I10 Kiu§; calling upon lheio.- pl
tim sain 1 time, to n*cermin thescniiiheiiis of ihe
sevurnl camHihito* in Jlttfr rertpeilivo crmiiucs.
and to obtain fimn. iUvw,pleugu to gi.pppit t|,p
nicer tires o( ihe King, in the event of tlmir olcc*
lion. Alt. even down in jin tires iif tho peace,
•who declined e-> inn ratin l iiHbls pnitticni sor*
vice, wore immediately removed fimn officc.nnd
Olliers nf mme pliable character suhstimird in
their places, wrote such as romplioD were con*
tinuOd in office, and premised ftirther promo
tion and reward*.*
It was by this licensed interfercucu nf tlio offi
cer* Mid servant* nftbo Grown with the olea*
tiOui ofinombms of PiirUnineut. that James 2d
was declined in tltu preamble of tlm bill uf rights,
ns wo have seen, tn have violatr.d llie frnoilotn
wfolvctiow oftnnntliere tu serve in PnrUnmetUt"
and to frown upon nil tilth inteifereniva in lih
turo, it was sotcutuiy declared in tlio bodv of
the eamo iusiruiueut. ns part and parcel ol the
"ancient rights and liburlies" of the People uf
England, JhaY ,, el**ctions of members of Parlia
ment ought to be/Vie." In ordor to curry out
this great'principle, ennseernted nnd ns»ertcii fly
the revnliitinn or lU8d. various statutes have
passed, from lima to time, proliibUine,
under heavy penuliici, any interference of offl*
cers, nppoiutrd hy any depondaui on the Crown,
with tlio election nf members of Parliament. .A
celebrated writer 011 the British CniMitution,
living.near to those times, t* IU ns tlmt (while
the spirit uf English liberty; kindled nnd fostered
by tlm revolution, was yei in tho flush of its
youthful vigo?) "no less than seven acts were
parsed in Kmg William 3d’s reign to prevent
undue influences on ebetioue "t
This grout principle of tlio freedom of pnpui
lar elections from nil nfliclnl interference is not
only sanctioned and enforced hy the positive
legislation of England, in the purest period nf
her coiistuitiounl history, but it is laid down As
ft fundamental canon ol civil ntfd political liberty
lit. all the ablest treaties no (be theory* of he'*)
f ;av«rnm«nu Locke, it is known, wrote his
mtnqrtnl “Treatise on .Government," shotily
after the revolution of ICdS. nnd under the it»«
spinition of its great exnmple. It w.is from.his
work, with tliu/e of Hooker-mid Milton, and
Sidney, that tlm great statesman of our own
revolmiiin drew those uuimating 'precepts nf
freedom which befte them Irinmplinnily through
the unequal conquest for independence, nnd
which |they afterwards so deeply impressed
on all tho institutions founded by their
wisdom nnd valor. Mr. Jefferson, cspecaliy.
waa trained to the great part he after-
ward* aaiad, hjr .a thorough study aud
mudilation of Locke’s work It is a curious
feci, not generally known, that revnrnl
most striking passages.of the Dcchrat
ludepemlenco ure taken almost verbatim from the
“Treatise on GoVerqmeut;'’ nod it is impossible
In rend thu Introductory part of that sublime
paper without noiceiviug through the whole of
that portion of it, how constantly the mind of the
writer wus recurring to the principles taught
by his grout master.
Let u* see, then, what this illustrious precept
or of the fotiud'er* uf American liberty, lint so{l
on the matter we have been discussing. In tlm
hat chapter of his work, ho is treating of the
dholulion of Government; and among othor
ways in which that' may be biotighl about,'he
lays down tho prnposiiion, that whenever
either of the grand departments—the legislative
or the .Executive—act contrary to their dust,
the Government is dissolved. He then proceeds
to show that the Executive power, in-attempt
ing to influence or control their conduct ai
representatives after they are elecied, commits
a gross aud flagrant violation of its trust. The
whole pussuge M fraught with the deepest wia.
dom. aud should bo Written in living characters
on the altars of freedom, in whatever land they
may be raised. I beg leave tn read it to the
Senate aud to invoke Jheir serious attention to
every word of its venerable old English text—for
every word is significant and replete within
stiuciiou for '.lie present timer:
“He” (the Executive Magistrate) ‘'acts also
contrary to Ilia trust.when he either employs the
force, treusuresar offices, of the society, to cor
rupt the representatives nnd. gain the*m to his
purposes, or openly pre-engages the electors
and prescribes to their choice such whom he has,
by solicitation, threats, premises, or otherwise,
won to his d*.signs, and employs them to bring
111 such who huve promised beforehand what to
vote and what to cnHot. Tims to regulate can
didates and electors, and now model the way* of
tdeciinn, ulial ia ii hoi 10 cm up tlio Govern
nisnt by. tho roots und poison the very fountains
uf pubTo security} For the People having te-
versed tp themselves tho -choice nf their repre*
tentative*, as the fence to their properties,could
do it fin no other.oud but flint limy might always
be freely chosen, aud so c.lioseu, freely act and
advise, as tlio necessity of the commonwealth
and the public good should, upon examination
nnd muiuro debate, bo judged to require." “To
prepare such nn assembly as tl i< mid endeavor
to set up the declared libeller* of his own will
for Ihe true representatives of the People, nnd
the law makers of tlm shciely. is certainly os
great a breach of trust , nnd ns perfect a declare*
lion of n design to subvert ihe Government-hr i*
possible to lie met with. To whicli, if we shall
udd rewards and punishments," (mark Air. Pre
sident, Imw similar pru the prnciicesof power in
Milages and countries.)“visibly employed to the
R ime end,mid all tho arts of perverted few made
use of to take off und destroy nil that stand in the
way of such n'design, nnd will not comply aud
consent to ben ay the liberties of their country,
’*will.be j o-f doubt what in doing,” *
Here we find. Mr. President this great epos,
tfe.ofliheritt, of American ns well at English
liberty, (for our own grant statesmen, the fathers
of tho republic were his disciples,) usserting
tlm very doctrines which ImveTieeu maintaining
against the Senator from New Jersey, detlur.
ing thgt any interference of the Executive(vvho*
flier indirectly through his officers nnd irgent*
or directly by hioi?elf t i* unmaterml)with popular
election?, any attempt no “prmeiignge the elec,
lor*, uud prescribe to their choice/' umse whom
they should e’ect, is -a .fundamental “breach of
trust"—a gross violation of that riglit of “(seely
choosing their representatives which theTeo*
pie huve reserved to themselves,” nnd is, in fact,
to use his own energetic uud noble language,
' to cut up the Government by the roots, and to
poison the very fountain of public security.” It
was in this school flint iho great men of our
Revolution were taught the principles of liberty;
and it is easy to trace, indeed, in the verv pas.
sage I have read to the Senate, the principles
which early impressed *mi the mind of Mr. Juft
fersonj led him n> proclaim, in the outset ofhis
Administration, ihgt noble, self-denying ordin
ance which, w e have seen, he laid down as the
role ofhis own conduct, aud .of that of. all in
authority under him.
than _if imported direct—though abundantly re*
fitted hy, the feet that they me not so imported
hocn.i?e of tlm cur.trarj ^nuty bey- 1 ' - ' •
plndcd. It strikes lit the root of nil Cotninorco
and coiitnulicM nil experience. For, if it bo
itinvilnblci that Chnilestou nnd New Orleans
M*tf obtain.their foreign goods cheaper by few
porting diirct than by puiulinsing itiNew York,
then it must bo equally certain flint Nnlchez’,
Columbia, Nnsliville nnd tlio o'ltor secondary
towns ofiho South uud South-YVcst, can ul*o
Import 'cheaper than they cap hnv in llteir own
proper Emporiums of Trade. Nay, more ; ills
just us certuin tlv.it every chuttUpV Met chant—
und not merely every Merchant, hut every
lMantor. Funner, and Mechanic—ought to pur
chase his cutlery in Sheffield, his iron in YVnlos,
life button good* in Munchester, A c. Ac. The
fallacy in this care need* no refutation..
The fact is,that Commerce naturally mr.ing***
itself in ch cles around given coutrcs—theso cir.
cles often interlocking, uud seveiul subordiiute
to a larger one. All this occurs n« naturally as
the particles of water take n diflurent, exact and
influxibta form in the act oflreeziug. It iso law
uf its nature; The trade of the world bus form
ed to^tsclf u centre III Loudon, bccanre tho in
terests of Commerce require midi ncentre, The
trade of the United Suites finds .its centra in
New York—not fromuiiy special efiort or for*
lunate occurrence, hut because experience has
demonstrated tlmt this location is tho natural
Almost advantageous centre for such eiiipmiom.
Circumstances may cliutigu tlio locnliou, but
they cau never destroy tlie law of trade that
such n 0110 should exist. And while trade-is
governed hy this law, the.Emporium of n no
tion's Commerce cnn alw iys. ns n gcnMul ruin,
import cltonper than the sumller fcittes. nnd will
do so. One city can purchase n hundred -mil*
lions' worth ^erdunutn uf foreign goods cheap
er than twenty cities can each import five mil
lion*'worth. YVu believe, .therefore, flint our
gputhern friends will act unwisely if they with*
urnw their capital from pluming, from internal
improvement,internal connnerco.nnd its present
|/roditcii\(ftuve*iuieut? generally—whero it is
all needed, and more migh' be employed to ad
vantage—to employ it in the importing business.
'Livo and let live' i* the good ol-] motto ; if the
planter, tlio dealer, tho importer, tho mechanic,
and tlio rest of us would but heed it. we shall all
live better and longer tjmii in attempting to un*
dermine each other's business in /training after
an iml.-pemlenco which is only foiiud in tho
slate of tho savage.—by'cesler's lirpoitcr. *
*3ee History of the Revolution ln ‘England
in Ifl’iS. by Sir Jaifies Mackintosh chap VII.
t Boliugbroke, Dis. on Par. lett. IS.
(TO pK CONTINUED.)
New York and the South.—The re iterated
and peraevermg efforts of a portion of the South
to direct tho current of their Commerce from
New York nnd «ho other ports of the Norih.have
been viewed wiihsome degree ofalarin in this
quarter. YVe believe that this alarm is uhfoimd-
od. Our Southern friends concerned in the
Into 'Commercial Convention’ movements are
luboriujr under u mistake, that is nil. and they
will discover it indue season, or, iffliey cling to
the mistaken theory, they will disregard , it in
practice, which is nearly ns wfall, Thoy cannot
well deny oMrighl, though they may indirectly,
their older and liir sounder principle that Trade
best rexulotc* it/elf, .without any attempts at
forcing it into mmjcnldr chgnnefs. by combirin-
lion o/. legislation. This proposition put* ffie
whole .matter in n iiiiLsholl. If New Yoik con
give a bolter piice for Cottpn th.iu'caabf reai*
ized by shipping i( direct front Clinrlestotj nnd
New Orleans to. Liverpool, -why thou Now
York Will get it. uud db-widi ii wh it she thinks
proper. - So if sho can iinpb/l goods from En-
rope so ns to sell flierti. to flip Son them dealers
cheapor than limy coiiTjo imported hy the latter
direct, then Now Yorkwill do the hoik of.’ fl,o
miportiitg, and other/interests wjjl arrange
Ihfcinsolvesbcpordiugly.- In these'.lhnitersevery
man loill ncl for fiiufself, mid wjth ah ditlightcm
•eil regard Id his own intorests. A- hundred
Conventions cannot malco water nit> up hill.nnd
tlieif aid is hpt needed to,mlike it run down; .
- The idea that foreign goods must of necessity
xost more to flip South if bought hr New York
■TUESDAY EVENING. Mny 88. I83U.
CFJames II. Wadz* Esq. was on Saturday
last, elected Justice of the Fence, in the First
Beat, in place of Justice YVym.y, resigned.
ID* On the 21st hist., the Coroner at New
Orleans held six Jury of Inquests. %
OJ* Tho Now Orleans Courier states that the
Express Mail is lobe discontinued at the exph
ratfeii of the preseftt contract.
INDIANS*
The St Augustine Herald of the ISih inst,
•nya—”A few days since .three Georgia vol
unteers passing along an old trail about nine
miles from Blok Creek, were fired upon by
Indians, probably out hunting. An old man
nntned.Beazoly was killed, nnd another man
wounded, Gen. Macomb’s armitice appears’to
be all on one side, for this is the fourth murder
that has occurred in that quarter, since orders
were given that the .Indians should not be
molested.
"Gen. MacomV*'plans are probably better
known to himself, than to public rumour,for we
cannot believe that the insaue project of permit
ting the Indians to remain in any party of Fieri*
da. is entertained in any quarter. The settlers
of the interior who for’four years have seen
wives and fu mi lies weekly murdered, teill shoot
any Indians prowling about whatever may be
the terms of treaty; and thou innocent families
will again be massacred at Indian river toa*
venge injuries sustained on the YVithlaconbie.—
After oiio Indian \i shot (nnd many would be)
every white family from Clmttahoohle to Cape
Florida would be in peril.”
proven notn our iiiioriuniioo aim prediction
mvo bupn perfectly correct. Tho 'Debuts
ounces that a Cabinet nf Pussy's pulling
other, olid 0ou4stjug of Soult, Pussy, llilers,!
ba*roli*6lpdfroiii their contents is. flint tho re-
composition nf iho Miuinry, wliifch it was bo*
ti»vail tho election of (Lpiesidonl forjbq Chain*
tier of DVpifli'-s would I'n ilitiita. npp*-uicil t«»
ho o* far ><? over from cnnipli-lioii.
Tlm chotco of M. Pussy-for President on
Tuesday was liehf to ptuv-t tlmt. a sitfii-itetU
nmnher of deputies uf tlm Centre Oatfhe lind.
gone over to tho Court party for a compact, nn
efficient, yrtt Uionngcali’o Guveriimuiii. Tho
eleciioiHfor Vice-Presidents*liuw- <l. however,
that tho defection (romthe e Gauche of eight
or tuniuetnbjrs, personal fiisndsofM. Pa»*-y,
nnd the 2U Doc-uimun s, did pot reduce the Up«
position, nor inorens tlm Court p«ir.y to uu ex
tent that would remove nil doubt upoiillm future
vote of ilia Chamber, and o** course upon tli* •
permanency of any Ministry tlmt might bu fin in
od. |
A ritir. 23.
The pmnofour S itiirday's (20.Ii) tidings from
Puri?, given ycstoid.iy, was dial Al l’.issy was
endeavoring to form a Ministry with Thiers,
Soult, and tho Left Centre, to tlm exclusion of
(Iin Doctrinaires; und it was added, that theso
cflorls would cud in homing. Soult and tlio
King taking good can* that they i-lmuld do so.
TBs journal* of Sunday, whim have reached
us proved both our Information and prediction
to Imvobutjn.
announce*
together, at
Dupiii, Dufaiiro. Sanzet, uud D’Argnut,
cniisidurod^n* positively to lippniplu Aluud.-iy’s
AJonitcur. And so it wed, Al; Dupin’ even be*
gnu to mnka Ins arrange.iicut? as Justice .Minis-
t*.-r. But when all peeihod arranged, Marshal
Soult got into one ul his affected passions, nffil
in hrktul lungoage di-cluied that ho would havo
nothing to soy to such a cumbliiutiou.
The feci i?’, when Alorslml Soult empowered
fussy to make overtures to Thiers, ho-collided
on the effect ofilm quarrel between' ilium for pre
venting llmir jftmfejK to an understanding. Jlo
was sorely disappointed nt findiiiir that, though
common frioiufe. M. Ihusy mid 'Thiers did
'mice*more ngretif nnd when* this ocelli red, the
Marshal, ii'niible to throw blnmo of thwarting
this combination on AI. Tliiera, boldly took it
upon himself, w ithout even assigning a reason
lor it. Till*, however, is a daugeromfllli-p, usi
pecuiUy before tlio interpellation of M/Mnugin,
announced for'Monday. And it im not intnusjff
ble ihu on Sunday M. Pnssy insy have iudiici-d
S**ui» to recall hi- niiuthenm of the previous d*»y
in order to bo able to say to tho Chamber oii
.Monday, that n Cabinet is either formed, or in a
train ol formation
From the Jlichinand (Va.) Compiler,, May 24.
THE ELECTION.
The following is the state ofiho pulls at their
close last evening in this city nnd at tho Court
House of Henrico county. It ruined vory heavily
during the morning, and the polls ure conse
quently kept open to.duy iu the city and at the
Cutirt House.
. lltehmond .City.—For Congress.
John Al. Bolts (Whig) 305
W-illUm Seldou (Adiu) - ,138
For the Sonate.
James Lyons (Whig) no opp. 342
Home of Delegates
YVy ml ban i Robertson ( YVltig) no opp, 407
The polls will bo opened Mgaiu this morning,
nnd continue open till sundown.
Hcnrtco, (at*the Couit House)—For Congress.
m— -gi— ag,
IhIWBM i-Ear ed.
Ut barque Cantoii.GilHon, Eivornn. i «
&JUoWsLi^^anunffa
Cohen, Miller Sc i . : “ e “ Vurk*.
WENT TO SEA
Hr ship GoMipium, Urowu, Livirh 0o |
^InpGov l-eimur, Ueiineu, LiverLn i
iffifluiiu.C U,«rtoul P '
Mf .m, p.iakat \V Oh,tun. pre.l..,,.,
?■ ■-T.-I4. Kmg^'fr
CUAItI.r.STOV, Mnv 2; .
Mu.c«. Bmuii Now York’ r 7
1, ; ,VI '’ " 1 •••instoJ. i}}/"!*"*?*
f-hl.hrig Cluli, Ward Wim» l,iiu
I'll"" * I’niiioH. M„ g ,.„ K>'Srl,
U.VLTlMUlu; fl,y B4 8 \- l,U *-
B.-r. 12 .Is In.' , ! ‘. L ' , 1 r * ‘V*
P«'. If«»>l. 12 .Is fin llava..',! * Cl,b -lJ-r
CI.I. sclin N.....HI..S, Tu,.,. t
uen.hiill,Kingston, Jail, J •. J * , l l, *p.n!llop, l
NEW YOUK. M»v ”1 _ -,
■ ‘-l-* I fiberi.IiL, Cobb, fL.ivern^nl.T? /P-‘'s
laiidiiiii.!.. ■ V-
A r »|m, C.vcu ||,|| N
Havu^iuj Aladauaska,
ingtun, Kruger '43 ds r.V, . j, 0 ',*' u “l"o w««h.
Now Orleans. ’ *^ r *I»lio, Bo«iip #
BOSTON, May 22
Oilc-.ms liuquo Kin
Lharleston; brig Burodm
aclirs Jane, Nicker
Small, Savannah.
. p , cr slii,. England.
Savannah. » |ril2l SldSierljpg,Saunders,
Sew Or
Toxul. Ifith—Ar Stern, Sniltia n«l,?
Antwerp.SO h-Ar P.im.nn, Drown M„|,||,
otisr*-- m " ,,r <:hik “-
• .Goik. April Id-Th, Caroline, J,„kU„ Pn,
l.iverpnnl 10 New Y.nlt, whlal, p„t Inta'il,?!
port kaky un llie Dili, i, in.w.nhy rennir aiul
polio. New Orients. • iUU1 ' A
1 !lll ~ Al Irtland, Kej
LITER FROM ENGLAND.
The packel ship England, Cnpt. Waite.
from Liverpool, arrived at New York on iho
23d in<t. will, dttea fiom London ol'Iho 23d
and from Liverpool of .he 24<h nil. We extract
from llie Courier Sr Enquirer,
Tha debate in tho llou.0 of Commons on the
lri.h policy oflhe Government waa brought to
a clow, on the night of the >0lh. Tho Ilouia
firat divided on Sir Robert Peel’a .amendment,
and Ihe remit wni—
For tlw amendment, . 296
Age’.mtit, -318.
Apparent Uiiinlerial majority 2<j
By pravioli, arrengeine.it, end m con-e.
qi.ei.ee of the Inteneai of Iho hour, ilwaalhe,,
agreed that i.o divii.on should taka pl-tcq m.
Imrd John Ruuell'a million—Bir Ruben Peel
atjpiilaiing that all hon, membera'who voled/op
Ilia amendmeni.hauld ho underitood aa having
voted against tha Noble Lord. The next divi.
aion waa oil Mr. T. Duncamhq’apropaaod addi.
lion ta Lord John Ruaaeh'e reaolulian. to the
otTect that furllier Porllamontary teform waa
nereis,ry. Tlio niojority' ngeinat thia motion
waa 218. . ..
No cabinet hu yat been appointed in France.
The Court aeeini to have derived no effective
etrongih from the allinnce with M. Pony. Of
the four Vice Preaidenta elected aince Ilia defeo.
tiqn from lha oppoailion,'three belong to tho
coalition. Or the aeciotario. three candidate 11
or the oppoailion and one iiiiuialerieliat wero
elecied.
The long protracted negotiations on the affitiia
ol Holland and Belgium hnVe boon brought to
a termination. On ilia 19th lilt, the repicaenta
•ive of King Leopold ofUelgiu in, incoiijuiicliun
Willi ihoao nf the King of lhe.Nelhorla.ida,'aiid
„rihe Govcrnmanu oTEIigUnd, Franco, Anatria.
Rusaia, and Priuaia. affixed Ilia ajgnatu're to a
iroaiy conaecrating llie aqpaniliun of Holland
and Belgium into two mdepjiidenfund friendly
Slates. •
ENGLAND.
■ ,. , , Lounon, April Q3J.
Thia hnaheon rather a day at tim 8loc'lc
h.xclnmgo, and the aeountioa tiaiially moat deoil
in havo undergone O ohango for iho better In
tho Conaol mo.ket, alihimgh il la price. i,„ T „
only improved ] par ceiii.ainro Smiirdiiy, d, 0 ,„
wo, iiltogeiimr a groalor dikpoailimi lo doa) ai d
more coiifidimcq' displayed then for aoim) d iv.
pool.-' .
. Tlw.'cloaing qiintnlions wore 021, r„.
money, nnd 1)3 to J for the,,coo,ml! CS
n Hiilf perCiiiiU. Kednoed loft olfotUUS ,„ a.
diHg; Now, lOOJ Mil Exchequer JJj||,
4fir. piom. . . ...
/riicrn wn. a gqbd deal going on it, Foroign
Stocke,- whichgeueiallyjmproved in value •
■ Tlio vnlinj ofSIi.irca line IllaonarUikoii'iiithe
at the
on
Butts,
Selden, •
For the Senate.
Lyons (no opposition.)
House of Delegates.
Sherwin McRae (YVhig)
YVm. N Whiting (Adut)
. *•*»*» KUfUmeil in ii
gonerel nnpreyed ohpeafeuce ol things at ||
Slock Ijidiiingo, being quoted higher then i
Halqrduy, will, it toning iinuhel.
FRANCE. .
.... Lnno.Ni,April32,
11m Pori, papor. of Friday have reirohed u.
Ill ordmory couiee. 'llie mo.i importantfaot to
108
"iis
278
3-29
171
155
Political.—'"I aay you, Sam Jnming. does
you kuow any ting about' din woman, Polly
Ticks, dnt white folks talk so much about?”
'*VYell,.I dovsn’t. You is too hard for dis
child dot nine.”
••W.y,8um, I tort you knowd ebery ting.”
“So 1 does I knows Polly Junes, will sells
entfee in de wegetnbio market, and i knnns
Pol y Tomson wot does gwouioutto day’s wo.lt
ire iu Canal street; hilt wen it conics to Polly
Ticks l’s bodered Guess you'd better nX while
folks, Pete; dey ’pear to know nil nboulhor.”
.New Orleans Picayune.
St NmI Pun.—A printer, on seeing a sheriff
closely pursuing oil unfortunate nnllinr, re
marked, that " it was n new edition of the ‘Pur.
suits of Liteiature,' unbound and hotpreued
Tomali Lewie; n Penobicot HJIndian, was
recently taken up hy snmo wnichmeu* on tho
English side of St. Croix, and required lo swear
nllegiahca.lo Uncoil Victoria, ageinai which he
waroily ranmuairoted, ohaerving ■ tjuitiii maim
Ilka uin fight under a squawking,'
■ A man without money, end a heart full or
philanthropy, whose coot ia a little Ihicodbaro,
« ahitnned like a llii«r, o man with a pockut
full of moimy, and a heart full of villainy, in
co nr led for Ilia virtuaa!—There ia a migic iu
weollli. •.
FO ’ 1 , ’’XIOLAI A, VIA It 111) ,\S
wick,3l. MaryijJapkeonvilla * Black Crack.
.'I’hf hjcginiileam parti
otPLOR DA, Captain
John Nock, will leave,,
alimo TO .MORROW.
Ihe 29th inai. at 3 o'clock P. M, For fieitln
or paarago, apply on buaid, nr to *
It. & WVKINC
No freight taken after 12 o'oluck on day
leaving.
All freight payable hy ahippara.
Slave paarengera uniat ha cleared at tho Cm
tom House,
may 28
•TQ.MORROY
$40,000-
CKEENE AND PULASKI BION
UMENT LOTTERY.
* CLA*S NO. 25. ,
T HIS very jimp .riant scheme Will
'h 'l (iii .S I(IIrilay. • by. the Virjii
ii Slate Lottery, nnd the drawing bo receivri
here on YVcduesday morning.
76 Noinliors—14 Drawn Ballots.
HIGHEST PRIZES. .
J prize of $40,000
do
do •
do
do
do.
do ■
do
do
do
do
— do
Bolides niany of$500, i,
Are. i&c.
J2000.
6000
6000
3000
. 2500
2000
I76P
1600
1500
H50
1250
1000
400,9900,
&c.
COALlIEUCLiL JOPIIIVAL.
: LiVl EisT DA t Ea
mow i.iYRKpoot.,
mow it a v iiz, (I::::;::-.-
rno.it Momi.r., •. :
mow nkw-oiii.kans.
APRlt, 23
APRIL' 17
MAY* l!
>At,- (I
• SAVANNAH EXPORTS. May 27.
Per Br barque Canton, for Liverpool—JCJ3
bales Upland end 142 do Sea Wand Cnttoti
Per bnrqne Lagrange,forNew York—120,000
feet limber.
RIC H M O ND.JM ay 23 — Tobacco—Remoins
steady. We quote fees $0^ a 7 and 7A, leaf,
common. 8 a RJ. and 10; middling, 104 a 1 ] A:
good, 12 a 14£; line 15 a rbj Inspections smnll
flits week in couiequence of tlio holidays and
general election •
Coltod— M a .15 cts.per lb,
sale of3000 bbisat
® 77 /, t, 1 .'/ - /' 15 generally thrinighoiit tho
week hi $0.1, and wo heard of a ea o today pf
almiii 401) hhla at 6 12J. Receipt, pretty large
for Ihe season. ’
Wheat—$1 35 to L40 per bnshol.
Corn— La*t sales 67c-eh|s on lime; a’few
sales huve beeu mudo ut 66 cents. • •
. «t Now York.]
■ LfVtltPOOli, April 29.- CWton-The Cot.
ton market remuina extremely Mull, but eny le a
than ye.terday’a price., Jd a ]d below llioae of
tlio provuniH week, ia rofuacd. Tlm milo.r nro
oidy himut lfiUO bale., ooinpyiaing 280 Brazil, nf
8f a I0|d, nnd the remainder, American, ul 8 a
Y'iciSS! 1 . 111 ^' in *">“1' qunntitiea.
LIVERPOOL' April 22.—Colton—The do.
niand throiiahout the week Imsboou limited,and
all descnpttoni htlyo been difficultof sale; a par*
tial decline ofjd por lb. h is been submitted to
on ipost kinds, but at which tlje market hasclo*
oed atendily. 1 lio linaincaa of tlie week omobnta
“" l 7 “ ld’771l. Xheaeloa today amount duly
to 1UU0 bile, ut tho pioviuue.ratee of tho wuek.
Ihe market continues flat, and prices nre rather
lower today. Tho sales are about. 2000-haW
conanling of 1511 Peruvian ul 9 to 0dd|'200 ,Md'
rniilia,,, Bj.l to 9]d, I5,» Surat (HI to 7di'tlm re
iimmder American «t8jd to I0J, .On Saturday
80(1 Iroga wore ao.il.
April 23.—Colkwi—Tho Halos today ore GOj^
.MARRIED, W
In Sorivoii Coiitny, on.too 23d iiiat. by tho,
ReV'J. Al Loll, iMr. AIilkh Hunter, to .Mian
BahXh VVit-LiAMr, hotli.of.aid County.-
Sllll» NI5WS.
PORT 4>U SAVANNAH.
ARRIVED.
Stcamhoat-D \V St John.Pundt. Charlcoton,
to J A Fuwne.
Wholo Tickuta SI0, Halves §3, flat
$2 50. Fur sato hy
P. B. PENDERGAST.
Manogora Agency I Mlicn, corn of Boll at,
__ and Bay l,na, near the Exclniiig'.
OZPAdveilturtia in town or conn(,yeiiila.|i
Iho price ofa t,cket or .hare, will receive' 1
same immediately tliorcaftor.
may 28-
$ 10,000.
CREENE AND PULASKI S10NUJIEXT|
LOTTERY.
:6la,s No. 25 von .1839.
D ECIDED liy ilia drawing ofilia Mari
land .Stute Lottartq Cla-a No. 13, lo b
drawu al Ualtimaro on lfio29Ui inst.
PIllZES.
i Prize of ©in.oro
1 do
I do .
1 dp
I do
i
10 d»
Ac.
9.1100
2,000
1.^00
1,100
1000
250
200
&C. «ic.
Tichcta $5; Halvoa $2 50, Quarlera
■ale by lha packugo only, at
AVI'l'IIINGTON'8
Lot. A Ex. Olfice on the B'
may.28
WANTED TO HIKE JilLULDl'
ATELY,
T EN or twenty Negruaa; men, woman J
bnya will bo tahoh. The preferenca «4|
be givoli to country negroea. Wage. pajaWr
monthly or aa required. Apply to I
JAS. L ROSSIGNOL |
may 28 • ll2(l||r. (Oaot)
CITY SHERIFF’S SALE.
O N tlje first Tuesday in July bg**-
sold befiire flie Court House in tfeifjj
of-Savannah, between the usual, hour*ol»*
the fotlowinz furniture, viz: ; . ' -
Two fig’d GafpetVwoMahoyany
Couches, and two Arm Chair?; leyM I
virtue of uflfu issued from the Hon. C"'M I
Commoii plans tutd of Oyer and 'J erinj, 11 ®^
the City of Savannah, at the instance
M. Fol.om, va. William Beo. Properly P»“ l l
od out by defendant. |
my28 LEVI 8. R(J38ELL,Sln«_j
NOTICE. ' J
T HE Siibecrihor imonding to hrmr
'huaiiioaa.lo a cliiao atnaonr|y a P®' 1 '
pmwiblo, ollura for ,nlo his roinnmmg. * I "J U
GROCERIES, PHOVI8iqNS,&«..«y , ' (
for cash, niuong which are l6lialf hbls W J
.'Mapkarol, Canal Flour,N. O,MolaW-.S;?]
Tona, Cofioo, Sp'iooa, Snap..Candle'. "".I
OII, Mnatard, Crockory and Tut-Waro.K*
Glauber Snlts, &c, - - !?
Those indebted inr Win nre wq? 1 *** 8 ® * yl
tlio siihVehy 15th Jun»i fen* 8 .to Who , J
iudebtoil will p!«n?o render their pent 1
payment by that time, \ ^ D „ UG LASS. I
yftiny.28 ' 'lMI.V -A
SECOND IIA Nil «I« * ,IA ]
': V NESri FOR SAL.b. j,*
fin HE Gig haa bean tacaully. P»* ■»
inir29' la'ica - TTTu.t
EXCHANGE ON NE1V V® 1 I
W. IVOOUUI '^f
for #L
12ficx