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r PH H JESUP SENTINEL.
Established 1866.
XXXI
FUNCTIONS OF MONEY.
HENRY G. MILLER REMOVES
SOME SUPERSTITIONS.
Money I» « of Kxchfltnffe and
»« Sttfti* ft If:!.*♦ No MxiHnnio- Vtt!.a*v—
Tli< v Money Ti*i.t SeeU^ Trutie
in the Ileal It ones t Money.
What Is money? In a gold-using
country it is a gold coin, In a silver
using country it is a silver coin, and in
a bimetallic country it is silver and
gold coins. Money is a creature of law,
and it te the settled law of this court
try that congress, under the power
granted in the constitution, can pro
vide for issues by tho government of
paper money, and endow these issues
with all the functions of money, ffiak
tag this money a legal tender in pay
merit of debts, and therefore money of i
ultimate payment, France has, reck- ;
oued in our currency, about $600,000,000
of irredeemable paper money eirenlat- j
ing side by side with gold and silver |
and having the same relation to com- ;
modifies that the coins struck from I
these metals have. Therefore, in glv- |
ing a definition of money, we must turn j
our attention away from the material
or substance of v/iilch money Is mail i
am, confine it to the office it pertor, s>. j
am! say with Senator Jones, Money u t
a function, and that is money w t
performs the function of money, or, ,
rather which ‘s legally endowed wit ; >
that function, without regard to to
.'-ubstance of which it is made or in
which it may be embodied. In its last
analysis money is an idea or mental
conception, but, to be employed in the j
transactions of life It must be repre- .
Rented by a sensible object. It was
upon this theory constructed. that our monetary of tne j
system was In one
sections of the act of 1792, preserved in :
section 3503 of the revised statutes, it :
is provided, United ‘‘The shall money of expressed account in oi j
the States be
units or dollars, dimes or tenths, cents |
or hundredths, and mills or thou
-tusdths, -fees and all accounts in tho public j
and all proceedings ln the courts ,
shall be kept and had in conformity to j
this regulation.” In another section
it is provided, "There shall from time
to time be struck or coined at tho mint,
units or dollars, each to be of the
value of the Spanish milled dollar and
to contain 371 Vi grains of pure or 416
grains of standard stiver,” The dollar.
then, is the unit of account embodied j
or represented in such substance and {
to be of such form as the law may
designate. It is a denominator of !
value, as all values are expressed in ;
this unit, Its multiples and fractions, {
it does not in any sense derive its value i
from the material in which It Is eta* |
bodied. While jt is a dollar endowed
by law with that function it has pre- j j
ctsely the same value; that is. it will
exchange for the same quantity of 1
commodltles whether it resides In a j 1
given weight of gold, or iu an equiva
lent weight of sliver or floats upon pa- ,
per. Neither the silver piece nor the |
gold piece, or any other substance used ! |
ln commerce, has any intrinsic value.
Value in commerce Is a relative term j
and and Implies the presence between of two things j
a comparison them. The j
value of a thing is that which is given {
Jn exchange for It, and Is therefore !
wholly extrinsic and is expressed In the ;
terms of the thing for which It is ox- j
changed. To state the value of money I
is to express the relation of a given j
s 11m of it to a definite quantity of com- |
fnodlties or other forms of property,
and this relation changes as the quan- I
tSty of money on the one aide and j
other forms of property on tho other I
side and the activities of trade and j j
commerce change. The value 0 f |
money, like that of every other subject
of commerce, is determined by the de¬
mand for it as compared with its sup- !
ply. In respect to the demand for it, it j
differs from commodities in this, that |
as it is only through the. intervention
of money that our wants can be sup¬ ;
plied the demand for it is equivalent to
the aggregate demand of a community
for the necessaries of life and all the
material things that contribute to our
core fort and happiness, and which, un
aided and alone, we cannot severally i
produce. This demand, therefore, is
constant and incessant. It is not a
demand for tho material of which
money Is made, but for the function
which money performs. Jt is fur
money—for gold and silver coins—and
not for gold and silver ingots. Tho
government stamp upon the coin does
not impart to it any additional value;
it ia simply a certificate of Its weight
and fineness and that it is in a form to
perform the function of money. Its
value is determined by the market.
The government stands behind Its. pe
cuaiary obligations, but in no sense
docs It stand behind Us money. The
value of money is at all times subject
to the vicissitudes of the market, which
are entirely outside of government con
trot. It la true the law cannot directly
create value, either in silver bullion, or
any other commodity, but it can greatly
enlarge the use of silver bullion by
making a money metal of it and there
by increase its value. With an accu
malated stock'of gold, sufficient to sup
ply the arts for the next sixty years,
how much would gold he worth if it
were everywhere bereft of the money
function? It would not be worth 20
rents an ounce.
henry g. miller,
lw Mexico.
by has not Mexico, with her open
mints, “heaped” up money? Simply
betau.se the surplus floats away, just
M Dr - YVayland said lt would. Mexico
new has but $7.70 per capita of silver,
though It has the free and unlimited
»cl Ita.OuO-.OOfi l \ a -rt e AA° f of * 5 ' ver it each ‘ an d year. produces The over idea
that any commodity can be dump*
ra .nto any country under the influ
fftoe of tnf Kowmli lavf mm to
lias no supporters of standing among
the writers upon the subject of potit
leal economy. That there m a tre
itwatinos demand tor a more just
standard of 'value.' there can be no
doubt, but when sufficient stiver stand
art! money has been put into circula¬
tion tp satisfy that demand all other
silver will go to foreign countries or
to the melting pot. If bimetallism
were to be established in this coun
try, and tl,e parity of the two metals
maintained, It. is evident that there
would be no .dumping of the silver of
the world here; but if the parity of
tho metala is not established at the
ratio of 16 to 1, and gold goes to a
premium, whoever exchanges his sii
ver for gold will have to pay that pro¬
miutn. Gold will then pass by weight,
and will be exchanged for silver at
their commercial ratio. If gold goes
to a premium and thus becomes more
desirable for reserve purposes, where
would the incentive lie for men to
wholly part with It for silver, and
thus cause other nations to dump
their silver upon us? Is there a case
to he found in ail history where the
favorite money, the money most de
® - C t o“^Si«ly IS Him?
w agk the m on«unetaHlsis to point
^ ^ r c;iS(? ^ M the monome tal
]jgtg aggcrtj sl i ver )s not a SOU nd ra0 n
ey ^ Jg J( . at nl j jji ce .|y that the banks
wjl j j et r jj (he.sound money get away
f rom them? As stated before, under
a flat money system, there was kept a
j arge e tock of gold, and 'it seems
g trange |f j t could not be kept under
bimetallism, if there were any neces
s(ty for it whatever. Russia, though
for year3 upon a silver basis, after
(he other European nations had aban
doned it, maintained a large gold re
serve, and Japan, even now, has near
i y as large a per capita of gold as of
silver. The great, factors in keeping
either gold or silver in a country are:
fit i s titers a pressing demand for
them? and (2) are the la*,vs of the
country such as to permit the people
to satisfy that demand? Whenever
these two Cements are present in a
country those metals will be found
there also, though (he drain on them
may be so heavy as to make either
of them, when taken alone, Incapable
of furnishing a perfectly sound money
basis. AN e have experienced tliat
trouble with gold. S. D WILSON.
-
From inr a war New ZeaUmL
There are a people living thousands
of miles front us who have for many
years past been working out the most
difficult, economic and political prob
lems of the age. These people are the
Now Zealanders. A3 your memory is
weak on geography, you ask: “Where
is hJew Zealand?” New Zealand is a
group of islands- lying ln the South
Pacific ocean and forming a colony of
Great Britain. Its area is 106.259 square
miles, and population 450,000. This
country has already made much his
tory—not that history which consists
In exterminating men, but those nobler
chronicles which tel! of bettering men
and their conditions in life. The house
°f representatives In this land of rnrii
an t experiments has just passed a bill
providing for a pension for every poor
Person in the colony whose age ex
ceeds..6a. 1 he act defines a “poor per
soli ’ as 0110 who has less than 13
shillings ($3,12) a week. The pension
Prescribed is about $80 a year. The
ln ^ st remarkable development anent
^ lls emanation from the school of lib*
era * nn( ! individualist political eeon
omy I s conservative and cautious
Hritish . Journals have extended their
empathy. New Zealand has been so
wondrously (one might say glorious
Iy) successful in her many progres
fcions that London newspapers are very
timid about attacking any innovation
that hails from the South Pacific.
Money for )»oo Coming in,
The ways and means committee, of
Chicago, ^’blch W. is H. general Harvey, secretary, Unity building, is mak
ing splendid- progress in the work of
fusing funds for the 'presidential 'c-am
) l ,a ein Jto of received DJOO. Hundreds daily from of letters are
Sliver ^ B Republicans and Populists, Democrats,
en¬
closing their dollars and asking for
particulars as to how they can be of
further service. Secretary Harvey
«? iv< --s his personal attention to every
case a!1 d no question is asked that is
not : promptly answered, The ways
tod means committee is non-partisan
’“The re-establishment of bimetallism
being Its single aim. It includes in
Us membership Senators Jones, Teller
a °d Allen of the three allied bimetal
,lc parties, and also ex-Governor Alt
ot BHnois and ex-Governor Stone
of Missouri, Chairman Jones is great
Phased at the prospects.
--------------—"-
senator n<-r>«»- Hot a .Toke.
From the New York Journal: It Is
not to tell amusing stories that Mr.
Depew will be sent to the senate by
Mr. Vanderbilt. Shrewd, calculating
and unscrupulous as Mr Piatt is, he
would have to get up very early in'the
morning to catch Cbauncey Depew
There will be two-of a kind
in Washington after the legislature has
done as it D told—two clear-minded
cynical and efficient servants of the
interests which nib this republic for
their own profit and care nothing at
all for the welfare of the people Sen
ator Depew wiil be no joke,
—— _____
Store Work for VV;,nunirtlift'.
From the Columbus (O.) Press-Post:
Mow-, if Mr. \Vasiamaker will hustle
i arounvi aiul fl?u! out what became of
the $400,000 curruptlon fund he raised
for the ”bloeks-o/-flve” campaign in
• 188$, perhaps we shall have a few more
refreshing indictments of prominent
; Republicans Let the good- work
on.
One horse-power ia calculated to be
sufficient to raise 38,000 pounds to the
bilgbi fif. Wk foot in a attaate,
APPLAUD THE RIGHT AND CONDEMN THE WRONG. ’
JESUP GiL THURSDAY. DECEMBER 15, 1898.
GOLD AND MONOPOLY.
!
| W HY THE USURERS AND
TRUSTS WORK TOGETHER.
Th« Cenerat •‘all ot Trice*. Canted by
tho Relative Contraction of Carreney
coder the Single ‘Sold Standard, Bit*
riebe* All aiouoi>oli*ts.
Whenever a change In the financial
system of a country creates a tendency
to a general fall in prices, those pro¬
ducers which can form a combination
have the purchasing power of their
products .Increased by the fall in the
purchasing power of other products,
while those producers who cannot form
a combination will have the purchasing
power of their products decreased by
the same amount.
_
Thus wc see that a geneva! fail in
price increases the profits of those who
can form a combination on their prod
acts, which increase of profits causes
an exactly corresponding decrease in
the profits of those who cannot form a
combination.
A general fall in prices is therefore
one of the means by which those per
sons who are enjoying a monopoly are
able to plunder those who enjoy no
monopoly. *
—
This is one of the most important
matters jit connection with prices and
prosperity and one which has been
strangely overlooked by all writers and
speakers on this subject.
This explains the fact that when
there l3 a general fall ln prlces> a ccr -
!aln re g trJcted c j RS8 always acoui-e
wt , alth ra „ ld!v while (h0 mas8es f the
[e acquire novertv P y with eaual
r :__ . (lity
thp th , t _., tb
* ~ 3 a exception exte * 1 on cverv e ' u - man inter- 1
J standard, J*. d "th? the retirement ret Sent Ttbe^‘areem o. the gre^r. ,
J* whsca c ks a will “l eve have ^ ot £'"[ tendency to taSS keep
a
I )rices dow u or send them lower.
~
R mu^ht be ^aul that monopolists
could accomplish exactly the same re
suits by advancing the prices of their
products while the prices of other prod
bets remained stationary.
~~
T{lfs ,s hut‘it Is much easier for
monopoly to maintain its prices
a general decline than to advance them
when other prices are stationary. The
people would promptly notice the ad¬
vanee and , a howl would be raised that
would result in a greatly diminished
use of the articles- The people would
promptly see that the advance was due
to some unfair arrangements.
But if the monopolists can so manage
the finances of the country as to cause
a general fall of prices, while they
maintain theirs at about the same, the
people do not recognize it as the work
of monopoly and bow submissively to
what they suppose Is the natural work
mg of the .V, 1 laws of , r.,, God.
Let this, therefore, be thoroughly
understood: A general fall of prices
caused by manipulation of the financial
system destroys prosperity , by enabling , ,
those producers which are protected by
a monopoly to plunder those producers
who aie not so protected.
PUBLIC OWNERSHIP.
It surprised many people when last.
fall Democratic convention after Dem
ocratic convention declared in favor of
public ownership of public monopolies,
showing that the Populist leaven is
leavening the whole lump.
The Mississippi Valley Democrat, a
paper of wide circulation and influence
n its party, a few weeks ago published
a leading editorial favoring govern
mein ownership of railroads.
That paper says the time is not far
distant when the voters of this country
wili be called upon to decide whether
the people shall own and operate thf
railroads, or the railroads be permitted
to run the government and dominate
the people.
11 15,511 b ® a sur P rise to many even
ot tIie most intelligent readers to learn
tlle extent of government ownership
01 railroads in other countries and the
§ reat benefits derived therefrom.
o{ th ® principal English colonies ex
ce P 4 Canada own most of the
1 * nes Jireir jurisdiction,
Kugland , and too United States
are
ZhSllfTndTpZa^TmPof
SlY.lu L the M D border
Br.tain «*as arranged to nationalize
en ” rt! rMIroad system in 1905, and
i peop1 .? °‘ f wlaa repab51c
but . recen - ,y TO ted, , , by an
ma J OT «y» to purchase all of the rail
[° 3 d ^ a cost of
t,u ' 1 ' . ,ro( a ’ ml ' , to |3 of . dollars. i t i
s
I |Dsr»g & H *?’ that unpeople 8 elll *«S of the an d
‘ - pro
I g <!8 * , J e ° f 8,1 th ® racft ? of the
sh v f uld 1 h b ® so fa [ behlQ(1 all others
lu 8 V ‘ U <iues, - 1 ° 11 -
-
"he railroads of the United
. have grown'to such enormous
! tlons that, in the hands of pools,
dicates and corporations, they are
j | menace to the very existence of the
government. They are in fact
er than the government itself,
shown by their constant disregard
its mandates. They practically
; tho federal judiciary from the
court down, and their influence
many -of the state legislature# and
congress is strong enough to color all
legislation In their favor, The recent
; decleioa of the Saprime court
the railroad pool his already - been se:
aside as a matter of no consequence,
as will be seen by as article else
"here in this paper, an: as we pre¬
dicted at the time it was rendered. The
pool was such an open and flagrant
violation of the law that the court
had no recourse but to declare against
: It: and yet there are good reasons for
; believing that this adverse decision
I never would have been rendered if the
j judges had known in advance that the
| railroad magnates would find a way
to evade its mandate,
*
The government claims and oxer*
cises the right to -supervise' the- rail
roads as common carriers and neces
sary public institutions. Why not,
then, advance one step and assume
the natural sequence of full- owtier
: ship and control? Under proper man¬
] j agement can N made the railroads to of the this whole country
par - .ex
i pense of the .-government. In addition
; to a remum-rathe interest on the pur¬
chase bonds. At their present ehor
: mously watered capitalization of more
than eleven billions of dollars, and
a management of the- moat reckless ex¬
travagance, they are paying an aver¬
age dividend of nearly 4 per cent.
j ATTACK UPON THE POSTOFFICE,
j
Loud of California, an agent of the
. Southern Pacific railroad, has been re¬
{.elected | to congress, along, with a Re
publican majority, and he will renew
j his attacks upon the people's post
office system, with a better chance of
success. Loud, in a report as chair
man of the honse committee on post
j offices and post roads in the 59th con
gross, began the fight of the railroad
‘ trust- for the absolute control of the
United States postal system, in the
following words:
"There is much maudlin sentiment
among many of our people about the
postoffice department * * * Pri
i V ate means could as well or better,
’ be adapted to'the transmission of our
mails. * * * The principal wrong
( n t j, 6 continuance Courages of the present ^ttTS-Si. sys
tern is that it
agrarian Wofflce sentiment which points
' 10 the department and ex
-
nostai syg
-
is managed in the interests 'operated, -ta
all . and h ow cheaply It I.
j This is our strong bulwark of defense
d JUugtrateg ln go * iden letters that
th true C0UJ . f h coyernment la
tQ b ecome the owner and operate all
; meang ot transportation and transmis
K j 0n . still, there is not a sane business
man jn (he coun ( ry w j, 0 has given the
' ma (( er any thought but what knows
t ^ at the pogtqfflyg department could
j ,, e 0 p Rrate ,j by private Individuals on
. our present appropriation and return
; a llc ^ p ro fit of from thirty to forty
millions of dollars per year.”
The Immensely Wealthy.
It is quite impossible fully to com¬
1 prehend the vastness of the enormous
( * f ‘ a ! _® ‘ e w men ia the
01t€ti --‘ ,!es ho fortunes , of nine
- •
f, ^ lffer6nt 1 f°°«ivable n . fam , l!:eS sum aggr of f egate $2.
! Jf 4 0 ® 0 00 0 A tent aathorit
| ! Un,at<?3 ’ ^ , / at , 5°“®f ly k ,f, ur6 forc Y e es- 0
’
! accumulation , aione,” William , ,
Afit or wilt probably, before he dies,
j possess a fortune of $1,000,000,00!).. The
daily income of Astor is $25,027, or
I $9,135,000 annually. There are eight
. other men whose daily Incomes vary
| from $u37 to $10,003. Rev, Joaiah
j str0Dg estIma tes that it would
! workmen, earning $1,000 a year,
j 1,200 years to earn as much as the an
| nual income of the 100 richest Amer
| leans; and if a workman could earn
I $10 a day, ho would have to work until
- he would he 547 years old and never
: take a day off, before he could earn aa
: much aa some Americans are worth,
State Insurance.
It has been ascertained that in nine
years tho fire insurance trust (now
i judicially declared to be such) collect
, ed in this state, says the San
j cisco Star, some $55,000,009 for ineur
. ance rates, and paid out about $25,000,
: Qpo f 0r losses—thus charging $30,000
• 000 for their services. In Kansas
-are said to have collected about three
dollars to every dollar they paid, Kaa
ca s enforced some legislation against
: them; but however squarely their busi
[ ness might be conducted, it is costly,
j ! The state should do the business,
___
He Sees Clearly.
j “Bribed by the rich to rob the poor,”
; was the scathing verdict pronounced
| by Hon. Wayne McVeagh upon the
j legislators of Philadelphia, who leased
! the gas work's created by the vote of
! the people, and in the address at the
j. commencement exercises of the Unl
| versity of Pennsylvania last year the
j same gentleman said to the students of
' Institution that th- “black flag of
'• ^ corruptionist l s more to he feared
,, f . «rch.'l«t : "
' ' ' ’ , n
l earn the Cause.
Are you becoming poorer every year,
in spite of your industry? There is
i some <:anse for lt - Ie >' our ««le homo,
which you have worked hard to get,
J slipping away from you? There is a
i cause for It Arc your wife and ehit
dren dc-:ltme of proper aourishment
| and' shelter?. Tnere is some cause for
j it. Why not learn the cause, man, and
■ see if there is not .some way to improve
| the tion. world you live in?-—Coining Na
i
yroipwity OcvTioumfnN.
I A development most extraordinary in and astonish-
1 i°g respect to woman’s
i v ork was foU!1 '- 1 in the fact that five
! hundred girls and women are employed
: 511 foundries- of Pittsburg, .doing
! ’vork for $4 and $5 per week for which
; seen were fongerly 'paid, from |14 to
P er week. This is ia Pennsylva
n ‘ 8 - the recoguiisd etronghold of pro
| tecuoa for Uhot>—Ntw York Pme,
* 7
I GOOD ROADS NOTES. I
isolation of Uotuls autl VoUicies,
Machinery is always conatrnoted
with reference to tho conditions un¬
der which it is to be used, and its sep¬
arate parts are oi such material ami
strength that no one part will unduly
wear or injure any other part. The
plan. of tho deacon, iu constructing
his celebrated chaise,; is followed as
far as may he, tod each part is made
just as* strong as the rest.
The Araericaa Machinist calls atten*
tion to this'principle and shows
it is not observed in building wagons,
these .-vehicles not being constructed
with reference, to their 'relations to
tho road. “A wagon.” it says, “is a
machine for the transportation of
fioods front out* place to another.
A road is a hecessaty al
jnoet to this machine, and
mom- sense would seem to dictate
that the wagon surd the road should
he so adapted to'• each other an that
neither will immediately destroy the.
other. Yet anyone who
wagons and roads at all knows that Dm
pressure per unit o! area between the
ordinary tires of a wagon anil the
fdco of the road on which it runs is far
beyond the resistance of any ’'ewcetallw pract-ica
h»A v---id-mw’ i’v- ’ Biit'etw. mn*nriel especially
, toads , wet, they must
wi.ica a.e as
often be. It is a common experience
to see a two-wheeled cart or wagon,
w -tutu ;n, nauou nnvrn ... bH"i lo.tow frtli.iw .a. n «tutm
rollor and e-ttt ueepty into the surface
left by tho roller, illustrating what is
iit fact- true—i. c., that no steam roller
ever gives nearly so great a pressure
per unit of area as is imposed by nar¬
row-tired and heavily-loaded vehicles,
"By requiring wagon owners to use
tires wide enough to limit the pres¬
sure per unit of area between tires
atul road surface--to an amount which
ordinary road-tasking materials can
resist, wagons wiT pack, harden and
improve roads, instead of destroying
them, and by making the forward axle
shorter than the rear one, by an
amount equal to twice the width of
the tires, the surface rolled will be
again doubled. Good wagon roads
are tw important, perhapu, m good
railroads, if cot, iu fact, more so, and
when the public has constructed them
individuals should not be allowed to
destroy them, -especially when it is a
demontilrable fact that there is no
need whatever for doing so. Tests
have shown that tho wide tires lessen
draft as well as protect roads, autl they
should everywhere be required by
law.”
Narrow Tires o Shell Itosii!.
The Government army wagons are
noted for having tho narrowest tires
iu existence iu proportion to the weight
of tho wagon, writes George C. Borck,
of the United States Volunteer?, in the
they haul. Aider one or two days'
hauli-ng, the roads are ■ usually ruined.
Tho work of the Government army
wagons as road destroyers cannot be
surpassed. Befora we arrived at Fev
nandiua, Fla., thero was a fine
road from, the city to tho seashore,
Our camp is located midway between
tho two, and after, the first- day’s haul
ing from the train to camp, this fine
shell road.was a, complete wreck, full
oi ruts, and almost; impassible. As a
result the teams could only haul one
half as much-as they did the first day.
This roadway was made by putting
layer of sesishells found in deposits
about a foot deep, and the travel
teams packed it down hard and line,
making an ideal road. The moral
plain. Wide tires make roads, while
narrow lii o'* ruin them. Someone will
- iy how d-> you know that wide
make roads r your story only tells how
narrow tires ruined one road U l’avor
of wide tires I can say that on ray
'diclu„Mu farm I use a low-down farm
wagon with itve-ittcih tires, and while
f do u great deal of hauling about the
farm 1 very seldom leave a rut unless
I cross newly plowed ground, and even
then 1. leave a .rut paly about two
inches deep, while narrow tires would
Out in six inches or more, aud besides
I was able.to .haul aa large loads with
two horses as the Government team
stern do- with a four-male team.
For farm aud road work I would
rather have one wide-tired wagon than
two with narrow tires, for although at
some seasons-of the year the
hZ™* tires are t-ue bes. - “1-3 at t-ue fcamo t mo
making good roads, to be used when
roads are usually bad.
Stona-Spre*dl»s JfMWtaa
Economy of labor and rapidity and
efficiency of work iu laying stone for
macadam roads are secured by the
use of a “spreading machine." This
vehicle somewhat resembles an ordin
ary coal wagon, is high iu front aud
low behind,"with a gradual slope from
enV front to rear. There is a gate at the
which can be raised and lowered
to control the depth "operation, of stone which end is
to be the spread. In utifii • it the almost
of wagon is lowered
touches the ground, and then, as the
team moves along, tho stone flows out
smoothly depth/ and spreads evenlv these at the
required One of oue-baif mi
chines carries two aud
perches L.,.ap, of stone and is hauled by twb
fto«d Hoads' in Uevyt.
Twenty years ago .there was. scarce¬
ly a mile of good wagon road in all
Egypt, and travel, and transportatloa.
had to h© afoot, or ou mnlebatk or
cwmalbaok, In the last six years mono
than a thousand miles of flue
roads have been built, and the work la
proceeding at a rate that would warm
ilid oodkloi dt Bw Stone's ac«,t't.
Subscription $1.00 Per Year.
Plant System.
PASS IN HER Sf HER V LES.
READ VOWS, or: \r* up.
~~~ Pas W CAItb r
t 21 35 TIME _ 24 " .....f
i Dally; Dally Daily.! Daily! In Effect Nov. 19, 1898, j Daily! Daily! Daily Daily
~" .. ..!......i ' 900pi 9 09pj 30a l.v.....New * Philadelphia York.....Arj 203;.; 6 53a'.....
... 12 05a 12 .. ... !U 28a! 3 50a .
1...... 2 50a j 2 28p; ... Baitimore .... | 9 02 h< 1 0%!.
■ • • •■ •.....i 4 9 30a OSai j 8 7 40pj 80pi .. Wasbiogton. Riohmond .. j ■ 7-OaiIl 00ai 10»i. 40p.'..........
..... .... ... 1 4 C
OOn a'.OSpill-lOp.! 51 5pi 3 20rt; 6 8 33a- 18a) ... ChaHcaton Savannah ... ! ,T41Sp'I2 4 89p! <i I3ai........ 15ai L.'\
0 ... .... 9 2tfn 7 OOv.'
- ; -—£—** .....
.....■]■*■ —:~'T lm 1 6 , 5<i ------------- 4 56a! 10 00a -------— Jcsup.....10 — .... -------........ 47a .............. 1.10 8Cp — .-— 7 31a 26;.! .. —
\ ’ J ...... 6
... 9 50,-v i 8 05p 6 00a TO 5.5a Ar.... Wav cross ...,Lv, 0 60*1 9 80p 6 20m 4 20}>i..
; ------ ijnaop 8 00a!.... Bruiis swick..... 7 451.' 7 ■!(>;-, \,Y;
j i"'.’] 2 toL 2 15;:.).... 20pj.., .. . .Albany ..... u. ,.i3 80p .. 180a',... ..... J
' 1 Olip 5 5 20pj. t'.ilumims..... '10 00a 5 20m.
... . . ,
•••• , ...i . 7 4 35a 15a 4 15pj. 35pl. ______ .....I ______NLeton...... .Tl-20aTl.'25pl SOpI ....
7 _......Atlanta...... ... 7 50a, 7 ,,.
.j.. . ...... .......;.]10'80»! 10 25(>' 8 45a, £00pi .. St. Jacksonvlilo Attgustine......... .. 8 00a: ; 7 05p|..;... OOpj. .77?.".....2'OOiv.' :
4 30p; ,.. 3 .....
.1............i ...... 12 22p 10;;-’ 415p; 40;>....... ... OalnesvlUe... 115,. liopi..,. ’ U.;
.... 2 5 Ocala. ..... I 8'm
••••: ...... 7 50a 6 05; , 7 55p .....Tampa..... 7 S7pT0 05a|.'...
A.L' ...
.... . ,.;12.56p .... Thotnasville Valdosta ....... 6 21pl 4 08a;.,.
i......: 12 t i.i.i. .. j 2 20p .. ., ------ 5 lupf 2 50a!,..
.., 9 30;> .. Montgomery .. ...... 10 50a! 7 45pi...
7 ^ g ...17 40 h ..New Orleans .. 7 45t>, 1 58a;,-. ,
......i...... ■ 7 00p(6 50a 06pi .... Nashville .... 134a, 9 00*1......-
7 05a-...... 00j>!......j... ...
4 ... Cincinnati 4 0f>p 11
..
a 11 trains except Nos, 23. 82,35 and 78-wake-all local-stops,
Pullman buffet sleeping cars are operated as follows-. Nos. 35 and 32 between
York and Jacksonville. New York and Port Tampa via West Coast, Wayerosa and
ulnnatt via Montgomery. Nos. 23 and 78 between New York and Jacksouvlile, No,
21 Savanna h and Montgomery, and connects at Wayoross with sleepers to St. Louis
Montgomery! to Nashville via Atlanta, and Port Tampa via Jacksonville and
No. 24 Montgomery and Savannah.
Steamships leave Port Tampa for Key West and Havana 8 p* m.
Thursdays, arrive Key West 3 i>. m. Taesdays and irmays. arriv e Havana 6 a,
Wtsdnesdnys and Saturdays, fieturnlng leave Havana 12:80-iuton Wednesdays and
days, leave Key West 7 p. in. same days, arrive at Port. Tampa 2 p. in. Thursdays
Sundays. Close connection made by train 35 far Key 'Vast arid Ilava na.
For f urther Information apply to Agent.
B, W. WHENN, Passenger ter Traffic Manager.
H. m McFAPDEN. Assistant Cteneral Passenger Agent.
WIT AND HUMOR.
Updo-Date Jokes and Witticisms From th:
Comic Papers.
ALWAYS .OAXOEH IN DEUAT.
Ho said, ‘Dear girl, I haven’t- had
For weeks, as you well know,
A kiss from those sweet lips of
Without which life seems slow.”
The maid replied, “You are too
There’s no chance left to hook
For while you waited, timid-like,
Another fellow took ’em, ”
Tin; cask roit thk oktskce.
Mother-—Oh, Dicky, what
things you do keep iu your pockets
Fancy, a dead crab !
Dicky—Weil, »U mother, it
cta.l I put it mere!
anvtuixo WOULD »o.
Sou then dor—AY alter, I want a
oer for two.
Waiter—Will no gentleman
table d hote or a la carte ?
Mouthender-—Bring us some of both,
with plenty of gravy.
“» ■' *«' *
, , ... -
,n Jt<iu . P fl!n . ue W1
”, ‘ L
.‘;' , ,, , vo „ , n
*
f 1
. . ,, , „
’ 1 -
Too our. aY a strain.
“Kirby lias quit living iu a board
ing bouse and gone to a hotel.”
“Why?”
“He says he has nervous prostra
tion from sympathizing with bis
lady three times a day.’’
axcmimn®. .
“Did . you go to the madam . a
noon ten party ?” asked the china cup
edits earthenware neighbor on the,
closet shelf.
“Dear, me, no, ’ was the , reply;
“my mug’s too- common. I don't be
long to that set ”
4 nick distinction '
Ftta , lv J _q u y J 01l consider Tuffiter a
,- t!>
JlfillZP , ,, , n . , [’ T
^fre tDair w wu nldn’t liketo
> that be is so fo«d of
f J « ome thing new that he often
u n hati t0 J thi 0 that are not
g0
HAD ITS USES,
Mrs. Watts—Don’t you find your
neuralgia an avvfr! annoyance ?
Mrs. A’ott-s—uh, I get used to it,
more or less, and, b sides, I always
get the tenderest piece of steak when
my teeth are lame.
twe point of view
hfj ( , au » t \ eil whether, we’re there or
^ '
A domestic tilt.
“Don't vou think vou are going to
break up my happiness with a golf
stick I“ he roared.
“Don’t you think yon are going to
ride over me with your wheel 1” she
screamed.
And the fight went on.
m ' n ‘ h ANO ’ rHKlt C4V,1A1S “ husband.
“'A hat do you think of that fire
asked the young wife, pointing with
I !j 'i'ie to toe kitchen range, with
which aha ha<l been, occupied for an
hour.
“Well,” yawned the husband,
blng his half opened eyes, “it’s pretty
good, but it’s not as good as mother
used to make.”
N0T ' thorough.
mat t , ooy j is ttlwaT8 always trying iryiug to w put P u *
things oft till tomorrow, exclaimed
the Si>amsh lad a mother.
”,! 1 * ! ! ,v‘ n 7 r ,P l a'tmg m this eoun
try, sanihis hu,i-*r regretfully
ought to put eia oil nil week a{ter
fiest (
„ A
Customer (severely)—Do you sell
diseased meat here ?
ButcbW (biwidly)—Worsg than
that,
NO.
Customer (excitedly)—Mercy on us!
How Butcher cm that (confidentially)—The be possible ?
I sail is meat
dead—absolut ly dead, sir.
Customer (sheepishly;— Oh !
a s%r css,
“Didn’t you know it was against
the law to beg for money?” .said the
lady to the Lamp at the back door.
“I wasn't gidu' to beg for money,
ma’am,” was the reply of the humble
wanderer.
"It’s just as bad to beg for bread.”
“I wasn’t goiii’ to beg for bread,
ma’am.”
“What were you going to beg for,
then, pray ?”
“Oniy for one of your pictures,
ma’am.”
A LAEOB-SAVINO HUSBAND.
-1-0,,- *, ailmitted. -I » so i„ R
to marry a hero of the war.”
! “Are you sure you are not letting
| y°ur sentiment run away with your
judgment ? they asked,
I iheio is no sentiment about it,
; He will be so handy to have around
j * !, e hou>e to toll mo stories that will
! m wtS,SF;'ni,„ prantieft! ,1„,„
1 has “ penchant for personal adorn
ment
precis® p»«ASEor.o«x, k/rase.
“It seems to me, ” said the Boston
girl coldlv. “that boforo you expect
me to give you a decisive answer vou
should get your ideas somewhat
straightened out. ”
“In what way?” he inquired in
surprise,
“Well, the first thing you did,”
she explained, “was to fall on one
j knee and ask: ‘Will you be mine?’
Then a moment later yon said: ‘Will
: you have mo?’ Naturally this con
f nBe8 me> and before vou decide“who- go any fuv
ther j wis | 1 yoH wou j ( i
(her you are asking for me or trying
; J to give yourself away.”
. ah KiWM-iriRD,
j Tiresome Caller—How do you get
i rid of bores ?
eraUy ^ Kiit l knows ent Btat them 4 f“ an and ..... reminds v,l!et ,^ mo a '
'• 6f 801:06 engagement. [Tap at the
door ’ 1 WeH ’ wll!lt 18 i{ ' ?
Vfllet l «« n F ^ 1
J»off yw» pardon, sir but I flunk you
lftV0 «ngagemeut to d me with
: General Hogo in about arf an hour,
WOULD HE WELL ACQUAINTED,
; “That old pagan precept, ‘know
■ thyself.’” said the shoe clerk boarder,
“is not half bad, as a bit of advice.*?
“Especially for a fat man,” said
the Cheerful Idiot,
“Aud why for a lat man any more
than a thin?’
-*»
*aW a novelty manufacturer, "is not
aa unmitigated evil to all branches of
trade. Among those that profit by It
ttm tin can manufacturer*. Most
the campa.gn ~ arem4, ot
,iD > an< wl,tU a big political snuggle
** P*<-‘teii the makers semi ou.
a S‘' nt8 through the tin factor;* i of the
South to buy up all tlm waste tin au*i
useless cans they can find to make
their buttons wiiii,- Most of the cam
paiim t.utwus are made in Newark,
am) the amount paid b) the makers
to the can factories, particularly those
of Baltimore. • j« • conefdcmble,- - even
though the tin is «.<*■■“ if anything
cau Ik; called waste, nowadays. Nor is
am tin waste useless, even when no
poliueal excitement is on. 1 know a
man who visits Baltimore at regular
intervals and bays ail the scrap tin
he can find and sells it to the button
makewt ?* iH uscd f or blt ‘‘ ki, '“ ot
ordinary buttons. Any day, In pans
pf Br0<lklyn# you cau wagons
loaded with scrap tin amt old cans.
en . utttr ,, jrt 0 f this goes to the
places where but lops, toys and gvw
gaws 0 f various kinds ar» made,”—
riiiladelphltt Record,
ia a Mexican home the sofa Is the
scat of honor and a guest does not
take a *fi$5T upott it until requested
to 4o so*