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on the part of France, the National A<- •em&fyv'afl the Ministries, the State Cotrn eiT, tbe National Library, the Academy of Science?, ams that of Moral arel Political Sciences, the Affmw.ietntrio*! of the Cus toms, the V.w moot Natnial History, the Scicrtide Mining Aca-Jenay, the Societies io* the ETnfomaeonrent of Agriculture n! I/oKi: rltor: Goofogieal Society the Con jatory of Arts, raid t&e cities ot Pari*. Keiien and Nantes. On the part of the I T . Slate the tonttihertors were Congress, the isseculiv’ Departments at AWLington, tic Patent Oilke. the Military Academy at Kt Point, all the Atlantic States except Connecticut, with Ohio, Mississippi, Lou isiana and Texas : the cities of Boston. N. Ycuft, Albany, Philadelphia, Baltimore, Washington-, Richmond, Charleston and Portia®!: the liirrersi, ies of Cambridge and Virginia, the College of Georgetown, thr- Historical and Natural History Socie ties of Ro on, Worcester, New York, and Uattiajore, and the Observatories of Wash ington ami Cincinnati. — Literary World. ‘STIiS iiti© liA r-,: . ■ . - - PLAGUE IN’ CONSTANTINOPLE. One peculiariiy of the disease i the dis inclination which is always shown by those who are plague-stricken to confess that they are ill. They invariably conceal it as long as possible; and even when burn ing with fever and in agony of pain, they will pretend that they are well, and try to walk about. But this attempt at decep- I'on continues for a very short period, for they soon become cither delirious or insen sible, and generally are unable to move. There is a look about the eye, and an ex pression of anxiety ami horror in the face of one who has got the plague, which is not to be mistaken or forgotten, by those who have once seen them. One day at Galatia I nearly ran aga:n3t a man who was sitting on the ground, on a hand-bier, upon which some Turks were about to carry him away; and the look of the un fortunate man’s face haunted me for days. TANARUS: 1 expression of hopeless despair and ag v-.s indeed bat too applicable to his i ■ v e going to carry him to the ytng-te hivrpitrri, from whence I never - ‘ - - have beer, far more mercitul to have shot him at once. There are many curious superstit-ons and circumstances connected with the plague. One is, that when the destroying angel enters into a house, the dogs of the Quarter assemble in the night and howl before the door ; and the Greeks firmly be lieve that the dogs can see the evil spirit of the plague, although it is invisible to hu man eyes. Some people, however, are said to have seen the plague, its appear ance being that of an old woman, tail. th : n, and ghastly, and dressed sometimes in black, sometimes in white; she stalks along the streets —glides through the doors r.f the habitations of the condemmed—and ■walks once round the room of her victim, who is from that moment death-smitten. It is also asserted that, when three small spots make their appearance upon the knee the patient is doomed—he has got the plague, and his fate is sealed. They arc called the pilotti—the pilots and harbin •-.vs of death. Some, however, have re red after these spots have shown li-elves. had at this time a lodging in a house era, which I occupied when anything o 'it me to Constantinople, from Thera- On one occasion I was sitting with rentleman whose filial piety did him . .h honor, for he had attended his father nigh the hoirors of this illness, and he died of the plague in his arms, when heard the dogs barking in an unusual On locking out of the window e they were all in a row, seated against opposite wall, howling mournfully, and ‘.ring up at the house in the ree-- '■ >-h'. ’ ; .log looked very hard at me. I thought; r ; not like it at all, am! began to inves ite whether 1 had not some pain or oth- Lout me ; anil this uncomfortable feeling ■ s not diminished when my friend's Arab vat came into the room and said that f ■ other person who lodged in the house ? very unwell ; it was said that he had a fall from his horse that morning.— ’ ‘ dogs, though we escaped ourselves, •e right ; the plague had got into one of v e Louses, dose to ns, in the same street; t Low many died of it I did not learn. It was about this time that two Jews— iioitioners, poor men, whom consequcnt y nobody cared about—were walking to gether in a narrow street at Galatia, when ’bey loth dropped down, stricken with the ■dagae; there they lay upon the ground; one would touch them: am], as the ‘ *A us extremely narrow, no one coaid aat way; it was in effect blocked up “■e unhappy men. They did not die .ly. “ The devil was sure to have f; ’ the charitable people said, “so he no harry.” There they lay a long .ay days; and people called to n. n , i put their beads round toe comer tto loot: nr them. Some, more . .. that the rest, got a long by push* ti aiiAt’ j. va them : . • ‘■ >■ - cw wtarp - ate a liitie ’ s, and devoir some water, ami lay stilly The other was violent: the pain of his livid sweflings drove him wild, ami lie shouted, and raved, find twisted about up on the ground. The people looted at him from the corner, and shuddered, ae firry quickly drew back their heads. He died : ami the othcT Jew lay there, as quiet as he was before, close to the quiet corpse of Iris poor frie.nJ. For form? turn- they did not know whether be was dead or not; hit at last they found he drank no more w ater, and ate no more Bread) so they knew tnat Ire had died also. Tire re fay the two bod ies In the way, till someone paid a hamel —a Turkish porter—who, being a staunch fatalist, eating neither for plague, nor Jew, nor Gentile, dead or alive, carried off the bodies on his back) and then the street was passable again. The Turks have a touching custom when trre plague rages very greatly, and a thousand corpses are carried out daily from Starnboul through the Adrianople gate, to the great groves of cypress which rise over the banal-grounds beyond the walls. At times of terror and grief, such as these, the Sheik U 1 Islam causes ail the little chil dren to be assembled on a beautiful green hill, called the Oc Maiden—the Place of Arrows—and there they bow down upon the ground, and raise their innocent voices in supplication to the Father of Merc)', and implore his compassion on the afflicted city. Visit to the Monasteries an Ike Levant. 1849. RUSSIAN BATII. Tire under part of the hath room is low, without any sloping elevation. The floor is thickly covered with clean, fresh straw, and at the side is an immense brick stove. Above the whole space of the chamber is a compartment, which is scarcely high e nongh for a man to sit upright in it.— When the stove is thoroughly heated and is filled with the flowing flames of the coals, large stones are thrust into it, and are drawn out with iron hooks after they have become red hot, when water is pour ed over them. The hot. scalding vapors are immediately evolved, and the. bath is reaily. In the anteroom, the bathers have stripped off their clothes, which are watch ed by a keeper, who is responsible for each person's property, and they enter stark na ked. As the heat from the steam is great est at the highest elevation, the man who is unaccustomed to these baths feels as if his head were surrounded with burning lire. He grows giddy, is unable to stand upright, and docs right if he throws him self on the soft straw of the floor, in order to pant for breath. Every drop of water burns the body as if it were melted sealing wax ; a strong perspiration bedews the whole frame, and the man thus boiled be gins to feel somewhat more at ease. The I Ka.KmMi.. *—*• 1 **wfcw* cooled, and again pours water on the glow ing stones. Once more the hot steam rolls around the bathers arid scalds their bndi- s: but the true Russian feels himself comfor table. He is soon, however, dissatisfied with the heat in the lower space, and clam bers up the lalder into the upper region, the nara. Here the heat is indescribable : it is a real hell, where flames are breathed. The Russian stretches himself at lengih, for he too begins to feel the effects of the heat. A hathman, who has followed him, kneels near him, and gently strikes all parts of his body with birch twigs, from which the leaves have not been stripped. The Russian submits to this manipulation, and does not stir, while the skilful bath man turns him from side to side, like a log of wood. Suddenly, however, if he is a sturdy offshoot of his race, he springs quickly down the ladder, and opens a lit tle door into the back yard, where he thor oughly cools himself by rolling in the snow. If it is not winter, and there is no snow, he causes some buckets of cold wa ter to be poured over his heal, and again ascends to his infernal heaven. When he has been sufficiently boiled, steamed, and flogged, he leaves the bathroom, puls on his clean linen, which consists only of a bine shirt and the darki, and contentedly quits the bath house. A man who has been thus cleansed may be immediately known in the streets; for his face is of the coior of a boiled lobster, and his skin glis tens as if it were lacquered.— Mailer's Russia ml and Seine i olker. WOMEN OF SUMATRA. The rites of marriage among the Suma trans consist simply in joining the hinds of the parties, and pronouncing them man and wife, without much ceremony, except ing the entertainment which is given upon the occasion, llut little apparent court • iip precede, their marriages. Their man ners do not admit of it, the young people of each sex being caiefully kept asunder, and the gills being seldom trusted from under the wings of their mothers. With us courtship includes the idea of humble en treaty on the man's side, and favor ami con descension on the part of the woman, who bestows person and property for love. The Sumatran, on the contrary, when he fixes his choice, and pays all that he is worth, for the the object of it, may naturally con sider the obligation on his side; but still they are not without gallantry; they pre serve a degree of delicacy and respect to wards the sex which might justify tbeir re torting on many of the polished nations of antiquity, the epithet of barbarians. The opportunities which the young people have of seeing and conversing with each other, are at the public festivals. On these occa sions the persons who are unmarried meet together, and dance and sing in company. It may be supposed that the young ladies | cannot be long without their particular ad j miters, ‘file men, when determined in their ci gards, generally employ an old woman j a: their agent, by whom they make known 1 their sentiments, and send presents to the I female of theft choice. The parents then QQ§iaiE)@ o ©asatiiu interfere, and the preliminaries being set tled, a fe;v-t takes place, At these feMi -.ais, n goat, a buffalo, or several, accord ing to the rank of the parties, are killed, to entertain, not only the relation* arut invi ted gu- but alt the inhabit.-nta of the neighboring country, who chose to repair to ihem. The greater the concourse, the more is the credit of the host, who is generally on these occcasions the father of lire girl. The customs of the Sumatrans permit their having as many wives as they can compass the purchase of, or afford to main tain ; hut it is extremely rare, that an in stance occurs of their having more than one, and that only among a few of tbe chiefs. This continence they, in some measure, owe to their poverty. The dic tates of fragility arc more powerful with them han tthe irregular calls of appetite, and make them decline an indulgence from which their law does not restrain them. — Marsden’s Hist. ©HJ& ILBIfITIEISS. For Richards’ Weekly Gazette. LETTERS TO ABRAHAM GOOSE QUILL, ESQ. Quid vermn at quo doccus euro et rego, et ora nis in hoe sum.—Hon. Li. 1, lip. I, 11. Whut right, what true, what we justly call, Let this bo all my euro, for this is all.— Pope. Since l have been writing for the Ga zette, I find that I have very much grown in the affections and confidence of those around me. My acquaintances take it for granted that, because I write, I know a good deal about matters and things in gen eral. They, therefore, very often consult me upon their affairs, beseeching me to give them advice in regard to what is of importance to them, (n order not to unde ceive them, as to my knowledge, and to keep up the appearance of being a man of consequence, I always counsel them, generally to their satisfaction, if not to my own. lam oftentimes written to, as well as conversed with, concerning petty griev ances, which need correction. The fol lowing letter, from a fair correspondent, contains a complaint, the bare sight of which, 1 hope, will reform the offenders, and all like criminals : Mr. Goosequill: As you are a gentleman ffl tHfMMMMPf * uk, mi yw tu rnci % tuui self against a couple of young gentlemen about town, who are a source of much an noyance to me, and to other young ladies. I have the misfortune of being comely in person, ami of being possessed of conside rable wealth. I am, therefore, much pet ted, much admired, and much gazed at.— As I am not entirely free from vanity, the common failing of womankind, you may well imagine that these things are not dis agreeable to me, at proper times, and in proper places. But there are occasion? when a woman does not like to be admired, or even to be observed. But these two young gentlemen, whom I have mentioned, do not seem to understand this. For in stance, when I go shopping with a female friend, an l we would be let alone, these “bloods' 1 follow us from shop to shop, and without speaking to us, entertain our ears, in pretended whispers, with compliments and comparisons, thinking thereby to gain great favor in our eyes. Besides this, they go to church every Sabbath, and, instead of going in, to their devotions, they stand at the door to see us go in, and, when they believe themselves unobserved, exchange glances and smiles. In church, instead ol looking at the preacher, they arc ogling tis all the while. Then, again, when we leave the church, they are standing at the door, still gazing at us. Do, kind Mr. G., tell these fops that I consider them fools, and that I have several times, in company, come near telling them so. If they, therefore, would save me from dis grace, and themselves from mortification, they had better change their course. Clementina. The following letters will speak for themselves: Mr. Goosequill: I am a diffident young mar, ami it seems that for this reason [ am to be forever punished. Philosophers say that modesty is a merit —if so, I am the mo.->t meritorious creature living, and it seems that I am to La rewarded by forever having my “face hurt me.” lam a shop keeper, and for that reason, I see much company. My store is the constant rescrl of the ladies, for two reasons ; the first is— -1 say it, notwithstanding my modesty—l am an exceedingly handsome fellow ; and .lie second is—still modest, you see —that I have the best stock of goods in the town, and sell them on the best terms. The la dies compliment myself and my goods, to my face ; and some of the more advanced guard, in the ranks of female diffidence, go so far as to claim me for their beau, and then (latter ray pretty red cheeks, burning with blushes. Do tell the ladies not to tor ment me so. Ai.bixvs. Mr. Goosequill: When I was a young man, we used to very much regard some thing which existed, in that day, under the name of propriety. I see bit! little of it now, however. Can you tell me what has become of it 1 lam led to this enquiry by several occurrences which came under my observation the other day. I must here premise that I have a daughter, whom I consider faultless—(almost.) There wasa party in town r.ot long ago, and Rosa had an invitation to attend it. The evening 1 was damp, and the wind was blowing quite cold. The whole oi our family had been i for some time, niutff and in cloaks, shawls i and flannels. Rosa was engaged nil the afternoon drcr,t;?j ji, • the parly, and about 1 eight o’clock, 1’..M.,t-hc came down from her room, ready to ..-lart. Her arms, neck, i shoulders, and a good portion of leer breast, : were bare. She had on a thin muslin f dee's, thin stockings, aud thin siloes. 1 | was surprised, and expostulated with her, : recommending warmer clothing. “Oh! papa,’’ gaily replied she, “my heart is so j warm this evening—that will keep off the cold.” I learned also, that it she dressed differently, she would be—out of the Jash ion. Being an indulgent father, I said no 1 more, but my heart experienced many a bitter fear, lest my darling child should take a cold which might lead her, through consumption, into the grave, f chanced that night to pass the room where the par ty of young folks were assembled. Such buzzing, snch tittering, and such frivolous conversation, I think I never before heard. In addition to this, l saw that the ladies’ and gentlemen’s faces approached nearer each other than we used to think was proper. Besides this, I saw several young gentlemen, who came as near reclining their heads on their dulcincas’ bosoms as they could come, to miss. One young lady actually had her elbow upon a gentleman's knee, as she sat in a half-reclining posi tion. But to return to Rosa. After the party was over, she returned home, and since that time has been troubled with a cold, and threatened with the quinsy. Is there not need of a reform 1 Prudentius. y. From Noal’s Guzette. “LOST CHILD!” “Lost child V 9 two youthful voices cried, Then sounded fourth the bell, To happy homes on every side, The mournful nows to ti 11. I saw two boys, in humble drers, With fnlthing footsteps come; Their fac.'S told of deep distress In those they left at home. Moist nnxioudy they looke 1 around, And scanned each babe they met, And then *• lost child !” again would sound, In tones 1 can't so: get. The children slowly passed from sight, And I the picture drew Os ail their wretchedness that night, Till very sad I grew. But soon I heard a sound of fun, And on our stc ps there sat The criers and the missing one, Without a shoe or liat. IJis plump, round face was rosy red, Ilis mouth was on the grin, And him, the while, hi - brothers eyed With looks of great delight, As there wero not, the country wide, beautiful a sight. IE lE iL H©il © U o - : y- v. - ? \ ‘i ‘■ •’ \ • \ ’ “ ? . -5 ■ SUNDAY READINGS—-JULY 15TH. THE BENEFIT OF SANCTIFIED AF FLICTION. “ Before I was afflicted, I went astray ; but now have 1 kept thy word.” —Paalm cxix. 67. This is the testimony of David, and it is the experience of many a Christian ; such a similarity is there in the sentiments, views, experience, and feelings of the chil dren of God. David here Admits a painful truth. “ Before I was afflicted, 1 went astray.” The character of sin is a going astray, and sinners are wanderers : the subjects of grace are some times wanderers too. David confesses it, —“ I have gone astray like a lost sheep.” Whence does this liability to err, even in the best of men, arise t From the vigilence of the enemij. He is ever on the alert, whether we sleep or not. He is said to go about, as a roaring lion, seeking whom he may devour. While men slept, the enemv came and sowed tares. So while Christians are off their guard, the enemy comes upon them, and tempts them to go astray. From the weakness of human nature. Thus Christians sometimes go astray from God and things divine, leave their fust love, lose their zeal and ardor in the ways of re ligion, and follow for a time their own nat ural inclinations. But David here Acknowledges a pleasing fact. It is the benefit of sanctified affliction. It was the means of his restoration toGod : “but now have I kept thy word;” you will sec its adaptation to this end, if you consider its tendency To lead us to serious reflection. This is the first step to our return. If we do not consider, it is not likely we shall mend our ways. To discover to us our error. It points us to onr imperfections and short-commings ; and is like th> candle of the Lord in the ; heart, to show us our vileness and treach ery ; or like the refiner’s fire, to separate between the gold of grace and the dross of corruption. To correct us for our sin. Affliction is the scourge which our heavenly Father ri ses to chasten and correct his children ; bv I this he separates the sin that he hates, from the soul tluit he loves. 7l> induce repentance. This was the case with the prodigal. Before he was af flicted, he went astray; hut affliction ’ brought him to himself, to reflection, to ron- i trition, and at last to the paternal roof. The expression, keeping God's word, is used to signify the duties and exercises of Christian life. Let us learn to recognize the Divine hand in our trials. “Provi dence,'’ rays Charnock, “ is God’s lantern in many affairs; if we do not follow it closely, we may be left in the dark and lose our ay.” THE DOMESTIC ALTAI?. It is pleasing to find in private houses an altar raised toGod. Nothing rivets fam ity attachments so wholly, so securely, as meeting every morning to pray for each other, when every petty difference most at once be laid aside, and every misunderstand ing forgotten before the sun goes down. What can be more pleasing, also, than for the absent to know precisely at what hour they are remembered with the supplications and blessings of an affectionate family cir cle, while those who remain together can enjoy no greater solace than in following them with prayers, and uniting, on their account, in every expression, or every anx iety, or pleasure, or sorrow which each shares in common with the others. There is, indeed no pleasure more to be prized than that of raising a family altar, where those shall daily assemble on earth, who hope, hereafter, to reassemble in heaven, and not a wanderer lost! SCRAPS. FROM THE GERMAN OF JEAN PAUL. The sun is the source of all color ; are not flowers then like man, for all his nur ture comes from the earth, but all his beau ty from Heaven. The soul of man when contemplating God is like a cloud at close of day, receiv ing glorious tints of beauty, as it floats in the smile of the sun. The dew-drop in the lily’s cup resem bles the sense of God in the heart of man; the scorching fires of ambition, at mid-life, drive it away, but in the evening of his ca reer it returnsinlove, and accompanies him thro’ the darkness of the vale of Death. Truth is a star in heaven ; years may j elapse ere its lovely beams pierce the dark ness of error, lmt vre see them at length. The coral insect builds its wave-piercing i mountains, on whose tops vegetation may grosv. So may man build a tower of good works, the flowers on whose summit shall bloom in Heaven, and there speak his praise. Light is the beauty of Heaven, and light the beauty of life; the terror of death is darkness. —Lit American. From an editorial article in the Houston Mercantile Advertiser, of June 9th, writ ten in reply to a communication which appeared originally in the Nottingham (Eng.) Mercury, we make the following extracts, which will give our readers some reliable and useful information con cerning the “ lone star” State. The Ed itor is replying to certain objections urg ed against Texas. lie says : “We have not space for so full a no tice as we know would gratify our friends in England, and can only glance at the principal objections to Texas. “ Fever we have, in common with all other countries. Yellow Fever has pre vailed twice in Houston and Galveston— never passes beyond the coast—is un known beyond the limits of cities. Jun gle fever, unknown. Bilious fever, less severe than at the North—a fever produc ing no alarm. “Black vomits,” unknown. “Agues, pernicious and malignant,” we have no knowledge of. Chill fevers, of a mild type, are found, easily yielding to a few doses of quinine—not worse than the agues of Lincolnshire. Cholera visitfi us as it does other places—never worse.— Dysentery is not common ; the water used being generally pure, or rain-water from cisterns. Texas is less afflicted with bow el complaints than any State in the Union. “Wounds from poisoned arrows,” we have no record of. “Abrasions,” unless on drunkards, not troublesome. “ Fevers are generally mild in their type, and easily cured, especially since the use of mercury was abandoned and quinine substituted. “ Mr. Stiff, (the writer in the English paper,) has arranged a stifl catalogue of animals, which we will dispose of thus: “ Bears,” good for food; never attack man; seldom 3cen, except when hunted. Wolves, formidable to swine—rapidly disappearing. “Lions!” found in Asia or Africa, never in America, unless caged. Even the British lion finds it difficult to maintain a foot-hold in America. Leopards, unknown. Pan thers, rare. And venomous spiders! call ed musqultoes and tarantulas! as harmless as the house-fly. Even these are not found far from the coast. “ From June Ist to November Ist, the thermometer seldom varies 10 degrees, av eraging 85 deg. Extreme. 75 deg. low, to highest point, 102 deg. “The thermometer rises nearly as high at New York or Quebec. The cool breezes of summer greatly modify the temperature. The climate of Italy and the middle of France is its true representative. By ref erence to a map of North America, the ex tent and position of Texas will show to any one, that front the extreme South t the extreme North, almost every temperate climate must be found. “ The soil of Texas is known by its pro ductiveness, yielding cotton in abundance, and sugar-cane sufficient to produce two Lthds. sugar per acre. Indian corn yields some 30 to 40 bushels, and ts a certain crop. Wheat produces 30 bushels per acre, weighing 62 pounds per bushel.— The wheat-growing counties extend from j the San Antonio to Red River, lying bacln from the coast 140 to 300 miles. ** The navigation to Galveston is safer than to any other port on tii Gulf. Rates j of insurance from New York, 1 ! cent. The rivers of Texas are navigable i far into the interior, for some six months ; |in the year. Efforts now making on the Colorado, Brazos, and Trinity, promise to render these streams permanently naviga ble for steamboats a greater part of the year. The distance boats have ascended these rivers, is from ISO to 400 miles into I the interior. Lands in Texas are cheap. 1 Emigrants should never contract for lands until they have examined them. The best lands in small parcels, command fifty cents to one dollar per acre. The possession of one hundred acres, often enables the set tler to graze as many thousands. “Mr. Stiff betrays ignorance of the American character, when he infers that the commission of crime compels emigra tion to Texas. The American emigrates for novelty and thirst for change, which seems in him a principal element of his nature. “Our country is yet too young for crime. The mails of Texas, though unguarded, are never robbed : and the remark of Judge Buckley, to the grand jury of Harris coun ty, is as true as it is honorable to Texas, ‘that during his judgeship, no case had come before him, of murder committed for money.’” EDITOR’S DEPARTMENT. W.M. C. RICHARDS, EDITOR. ip*: st atfjrns, CtrorQia: jo Saturday Morning..tJuly IJ, 1849. LEAVES FROM OUR DIARY. The Etowah Iron Works—The AHatoona Furnace — Hospitality — Trout — Dalton — Duff Green—Prospects of Dalton —Fourth of July —A Bible and a Banner Present ation —An Excursion—Variegated Fash ions— The Bail Boad Tunnel —Entrance and Exit —Further Exploration — Statis tics — The State Boad —Tiro long Bail ways. July 2d. We hare now visited all de r-Ar!turn:s of the extensive works of Cooper & Wiley, in the great Iron Region of Geor gia, and collected materiel for an extended notice of their operations in the Gazette. — This afternoon has been devoted to on ex amination of the ore f>anks contiguous to the j j Furnace of Messrs. Stovall & Lother, on Al ’ latoona Creek. We have obtained many rich specimens of the different ores, and much enlarged conceptions of the extent and value of the iron mines of the region. An account of the Allatoona operations will form an appropriate pendant to tiiat of the Etowah Works, already proposed to ourself as an early duty. Three days have passed rapidly with us in this picturesque region, during which, we have experienced the gen erous hospitality of friends, and the ready courtesies of the various officers connected with the “Works.” The cottage of our friend S. is the abode of peace and happi ness, and we could have lingered about its romantic locale with grateful content, for weeks instead of days—delighted with the freshness of the atmosphere, the wild beau ty of the surrounding scenery, and last— though not least—the pleasant social inter course afforded to us. We can bear testi mony to the excellence of the trout in the Etowah, and only regretted that we were not provided with all the appliances for angling in its deep and shaded pools. The stream abounds in fine cat-fish, which are taken in seines. There is little, if any, gen uine fishing sport practiced in this region. ; July 3d. The cool air of a mountain re- j gion is refreshing us as we write, and in the \ soft light of the moon, the still unfinished > mammoth Hotel of Dalton looms up in vast j proportions. Let us say, cn passant, how- f ever, that its completion lias been under -i taken by Col. Duff Green, the contractor, we believe, upon the Iliwassce Kail Road.— lie has purchased the interest of the New York Company in the town of Dalton, and j it is hoped that his enterprise may infuse new life into the fortunes of the place. We left the Iron Works at 2, P. M., and after a pleasant ride of 3 miles along the banks of the Etowah, in the carriage of our friend S,, reached the Etowah Depot, con structed, exclusively, for the use of the Iron i Works, by Messrs. Cooper & Wiley. There j we took the up-train at 4 o'clock. In the { cars we found many acquaintances, nnd among them, Chief Engineer Mitchell, and I Gen. Mills, the able Superintendent of Transportation on the State Road. We had arranged with these gentlemen to accompa ny them to the Tunnel on the Fourth of J u i ly. At Kingston, a number of our passen gers left the Road, to proceed on tlio Mem phis Branch, to Rome—an inland “ city,” that we purpose hereafter to embrace in our wanderings. Dalton is not improving much at present, and there appears to be a variance of opin ion as to the amount of benefit the town will reap from the anticipated junction of the Iliwassce Rail Road with tho State - Road. The country around Dalton being only sparsely populated, much increase of trade to the place cannot reasonably he ; looked for, and the opening of the Biwassee Road will do little, we apprehend, towards building up the town. It is decidedly the handsomest locale for a large inland town, that we hare eveT seen in Georgia. July 4th. While tens of thousands hare passed this day amidst the glitter of milita ry pageantry, and tho “ circumstance” of j civic celebrations, we hive been very differ- ’ ently employed. Not even a single gun an- us but rather .f* the lack if a cannon! nor have we seen the smallest fragment of bunt ling fluttering to the breeze, or heard the faintest etpfotlflft <if ! ?n the fovoßoon, we attended one off those cele brations which are becoming universal in our land—-the festivals of Temperance. The ladies of Dalton, inspired by that be nevolence ami approbation of virtue which ever characterize their sex, presented to the Dalten Division of the Sons of Tempe rance botfi n Bible and a Banner. The cer emonies w ere conducted in the open air, in the bosom of a grove, and were in charming unison with the freshness and parity of the scene. The Bible was presented first, by a yonng lady, who made a brief bat appro priate address, to which one of the “ Sons” responded in eloquent terms. The Banner was then presented by another fair daugh ter, and received, in like manner with the “holy oracles.” Both these gifts were of elegant adorning, and we could not help thinking of their beautiful significance and of their adaptation to the occasion. The Bible, as the “ lamp unto the feet,” and tho’ Banner as the symbol to the eyes, of the’ j Sons of Temperance—tho one to he impli citly obeyed, the other to be triumphantly borne aloft, until the last wail of the victims of Intemperance has ceased to vibrate on the ear of humanity ! After the interesting ceremonies of tho presentation were over, the “ Declaration of Independence” was read, and addresses I were delivered by a member of the Division and by a Ilcv. Mr. Allen, a visiting member of tho Order, from St. Louis, who claimed to have been with old “Rough and Ready,” as liis chaplain, in all of his engagements in Mexico. The influence of the present great Tem perance Revival, which is sweeping the land from Maine to Mexico, has been manifested in Dalton, to such an extent, that the mouths of the gainsayers arc stopped. Success to the glorious cause 1 At 2 P. M. wc “embarked,” with a mot ley crowd of both sexes and all ages, “on board” a train of cars fitted up for an ex cursion to the “Tunnel.” A lover of the picturesque might have found much to ad mire in the interminable variety of costume and color exhibited by the throng of pas sengers. Fashions the most nondescript im aginable, everywhere presented themselves; the men, scarcely less than the women, wearing all conceivable and inconceivable colors—and the whole mass animated to en thusiasm by the occasion! In half an hour, we reached the extremi ty of the rails, except that portion of them strewed with the accumulating iron for the tunnel track—and the cars poured forth their hundreds of sight-seers, who com menced an immediate approach to the lion of the day. The distance to the tunnel was yet half a mile, and the sun uncomfortably hot 1 The approach to tho mouth of the tunnel, on the Dalton side, is through a deep cut, several hundred feet long. 4Ve entered the excavation upon the platform erected for the workmen, some six or seven feet above the bed of the tunnel, nnd upon which band-cars are employed to convey the rock and earth. We found the atmos phere somewhat close and oppressive, and I dump withal, from the continual percolation 1 of water through tho roof and sides of the ; tunnel. It was with some difficulty, and I much caution, that we penetrated the gloomy j dungeon which opened dimly before us, half iHummed at intervals by the gleaming of i candles from the bed of the excavation below us. Our fair companions were not less res olute than ourselves, however, “ to see the end of it,” and presently we had the benefit of lights to precede us on our narrow and precarious track. At the distance of 020 feet, wc reached the extremity of the work, and dug, with a pickaxe, from the wall be fore us, a few fragments of white lime rock, as mementoes of our visit. In the very midst of tlie tunnel, we were introduced by the Chief Engineer to John D. Gray, Esq., the enterprising gentleman i who is performing this gigantic labor; and 1 we were happy to have a place and an oc casion so fit to congratulate him upon the admirable prosecution of his work, and the prospect of its speedy accomplishment. Our exit from the Tunnel was accomplish ed with far greater case and rapidity than j our entrance. Wc spread our handkerchiefs • upon one of tho hand-cars, and having scat- I I ed the ladies upon it, wc sprang on our- I , selves, and were propelled by some of the I workmen at a running rate, through the I i dismal cavern. The only inconvenience our I I locomotion occasioned, was the necessity of I i bobbing our heads every few yards, to avoid 1 the stays which stretched across the arch of I the tunnel roof. Having seen all that was attractive on the I ■ South side of tho Hill, wo crossed it a-foot, I and entered the tunnel on tho opposite ap- I prooch. In this excavation, the work baa 1 progressed more slowly, ns it has been I through strata of almost, solid rock. The I repeated blastings have rendered the ait I exceedingly mephitic, and it has been found I J necessary to ventilate the tunnel by an ar- 1 I tificial draft along its summit. The work J j on this side has extended upwards of 400 I i feet—making the whole extent of tunnelling I completed on the fourth of July, about 1050 I feet. The distance yet to he excavated, is I somewhat more than 400 feet, and of course I the absolute length of the Tunnel will bo I nearly 10(10 feet. The hill through which I this great work is being prosecuted, rises to I the height of ITS fbet above the bed of tho I excavation, nijd is much steeper on the North I than on the fjoutli side. The work goesft>r- I ward with great diligence and spirit, and it I is the confident opinion of the Chief E#P” I neer and the Contractor, that, they will ,c ® I daylight through it by the first of October ■ ensuing. If this expectation is realized, *• I may reasonably anticipate that the loconw- I tive may pass through by the beginning of I anew year. K Os the manner in which the work is * sC ‘ I cuted, we cannot speak too highly. Nor do I wc speak at random, for wc have inspe c,c '* I similar operations in different parts, of the I world. The masonry is of the most solid I and enduring kind ; and although wc i a . v ■ have seen move highly finished arching. * e M have never seen any more practically avail’ K able. Great credit is certainly due to Mr- I- Gray for his labors, which, if us successful’ I ly completed as they have been prosecute! 1