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cost (if mad transportation during that year was i i six hundred and seventy-four thousand nine hun dred and fifty-two dollars greater than the previ ous vear. Much of the heavy expenditures to which the Treasury is thus subjected, is to be as cnhed to the large quantity of printed matter con i ve;>ed by the mails, either franked, or liable to no postage by law, or to very low rates of postage compared with that charged on letters; and to die great cost of mail service on railroads and by ocean steamers. The suggestions of the Postmaster Gen eral on the subject deserve the consideration of Congress. m , interior. *he report ot the Secretary of the Interior will engage your attention, as well as useful sug gestions it contains, as for the interest and impor °* ,^ie su hjects to which they refer. Ihe aggregate amount of public land sold dur ing the last fiscal year, located with military scrip ; or land warrants, taken up under grauts for roads, and selected as swamp lands by States, is twentv tour million five hundred and fifty-seven thousand four hundred and nine acres ; of which the portion ! sold was fifteen million seven hundred and twenty nine thousand five hundred and twenty-four acres, j yielding in receipts the sum of eleven million four hundred and eighty-five thousand three hundred and eighty dollars. In the same period of time, j eight million seven hundred and twenty-three : thousand eight hundred and fifty-four acres have | been surveyed ; but, in consideration of the quan tity already subject to entry, no additional tracts have been brought into market. The peculiar relation of the general government to the District of Columbia, renders ii proper to commend to your care not only its material, but also its moral iutere-ts, including education, more especially in those parts of the district outside of the cities of Washington and Georgetown. The commissioners appointed to revise and codi- I fy the laws of the District, have made such pro gress in the performance of their task, as to insure j its completion in the time prescribed by the act of j Congress. Information has recently been received, that the j peace of the settlements in the Territories of Ore gon and Washington, is disturbed by hostilities on i the part of the Indians, with indications of exten- 1 hi ve combinations of a hostile character among the tribes in that quarter, the more serious in their ; possible effect bv reason of the undetermined for- j eign interests existing in those Territories, to which vour attention has already been especially invited. Efficient measures have been taken, which, it is believed, will restore quiet, and aft'ord protection to our citizens. In the Territory of Kansas, there have been acts prejudicial to good order, but as yet none have oc curred under circumstances to justify the interposi tion of the federal Executive. That could only be incase of obstruction to federal law, or of organ ized resistance to territorial law, assuming the haraeter of insurrection, which, if it should occur, it would be my duty promptly to overcome and suppress. I cherish the hope, however, that the occurrence of any such untoward event will be pre vented by the sound sense of the people of the Ter ritory, who, by its organic law,possessing the light to determine their own domestic institutions, are entitled, while deporting themselves peacefully, to the free exercise of that right, and must be protect ed in the enjoyment of it, without interference on the part of the citizens of any of the States. The southern boundary line of this Territory has never been surveyed ancf established. The rapidly extending settlements in that region, and the fact that the main route between Independence, in the State of Missouri, and New Mexico, is contiguous to this line, suggest the probability that embarrass ing questions of jurisdiction may consequently ari3e. For these and other considerations, 1 com mend the subject to your early attention. CONSTITUTIONAL THEORY Os THE GOVERNMENT. 1 have thus passed in review the general state of the Union, including such particular concerns of the federal government, whether of domestic or foreign relation, as it appeared to me desirable and useful to briug to the special notice of Congress. Unlike the great States of Europe and Asia, and many of those of America, these United States are wasting their strength neither in foreign war nor domestic strife. Whatever of discontent or public dissatisfaction exists, is attributable to the imper fections of human nature, or is incident to all gov ernments, however perfect, which human wisdom can devise. Such subjects of political agitation, as occupy the public mind, consist, to a gTeat extent, <>f exaggeration of inevitable evils, or over zeal in social improvement, or mere imagination of griev unce, having but remote connection with any of the constitutional funtions or duties of the federal government. To whatever extent these questions exhibit a tendency menacing to the stability of the constitution, or the integrity of the Union, and no farther, they demand the consideration ot the Ex ecutive, and require to be presented by him to Congress. Before the Thirteen Colonies became a confede ration of independent States, they were associated only by community of trans atlantic origin, by geo graphical position, and by* the mutual tie of com mon dependence on Great Britain. When that tie was sundered, they severally assumed the powers and rights of absolute self-government. The mu nieipal and social institutions of each, its laws of property and of personal relation, even its politi cal organization, were such only as each one chose to establish, wholly without interference from auv other. In the language of the Declara tion of Independence, each .State had “full power to levy war, conclude peace, contract alliances, es lablish commerce, and to do all other acts and things which independent States may of right do." The several colonies differed in climate, in soil, in natural productions, in religion, in systems of edu cation, in legislation, and m the forms of political administration ; and they continued to differ in these respects when they voluntarily allied them selves as States to carry on the war of the revolu tion. The object'of that war was to disenthral the Uni ted Colonies from foreign rule, which had proved to he oppressive, and to separate them permanently from the mother country- the political result was the foundation of a federal republic of the free white men of the colonies, constituted, as they were, in distinct, and reciprocally independent, Estate gov ernments. As for the subject races, whether In dian or African, the wise and brave statesmen of that day, being engaged in no extravagant scheme of social change, left them as they were, and thus preserved themselves and their posterity from the anarchy, and the ever-recurring civil wars, winch have prevailed in other revolutionized European colonies of America. When the confederated States found it conve nient to modify-the conditions of their association, by giving to the general government direct access, in some respects, to the people of the States, instead of confining ii to action on the States, as such, they proceeded to frame the existing Constitution, adhering to one guiding thought, which was, to delegate only such power as was necessary and proper to the execution of specific purposes, or, in other words, to retain as much as possible, con sistently with those purposes, of the independent powers of the individual States. For objects of common defence, and security, they intrusted to the general government certain carefully-defined functions, leaving all others as the undelegated l ights of the separate independent sovereigties. Such is the constitutional theory of our govern ment the practical observance of which lias carried us, and us alone, among modern republics, through nearly three generations of time without the cost of one drop of blood shed in civil war. With free dom and concert of action, it lias enabled us to contend successfully on the battle-field against for eign foes, has elevated the feeble colonies into powerftil States, and lias raised our industrial pro ductions, and our commerce which transports them, to the level of the richest and the greatest nations of Europe. And the admirable adaptation of our political institutions to their objects, com bining local self-government with aggregate strength, has established the practicability of a government like out s to cover a continent with confederate States. The Congress of the United States is. in effect, that Congress of sovereignties, which good men in the Old World have sought for, but could never at tain, and which imparts to America an exemption front the mutable leagues for common action, from the wars, the mutual invasions, and v ague aspira tions after the balance of power, which convulse from time to time the governments of Europe. Our co-operative action rests in the conditions of permanent confederation prescribed by the Consti tution. Our balance <>f power is in the separate reserved rights of the States, and their equal re presentation in the Senate. That independent sov ereignty in every one of the States, with its re served rights of local self-government assured to each by their co-equal power in the Senate, was the fundamental condition of the Constitution. With- ; out it the Union would never have existed. However desirous the larger States might be to re-organize the government so as to give to their population its proportionate weight in the common counsels, they Knew tt was impossible, unle-- thev conceded to the smaller ones authorin' to exercise at least a negative influence on all the" measures of the government, whether legislative or executive, through their equal representation in the Senate. Indeed, the larger States themselves could not have failed to perceive, that the same power was equally necessary to them, fi r the security of their own do mestic interests against the aggregate fi >ree of the general government. In a word, the original States went into this permanent league on the agreed premises, of exerting their common strength for the defence of the whole, and of all its parts; but of utterly excluding all capability of reciprocal ag gression. Each solemnly bound itself to all the ; others, neither to undertake, nor permit, any en croachment upon, or intermeddling with, another’s reserved rights. Where it was deemed expedient, particular rights of the States were expressly guarantied bv the con stitution ; but, in all things beside, these rights , were guarded by the limitation of the powers grauted. and by express reservation of all powers i not granted, in the compact of union. Thus, the i great power of taxation was limited to purposes of t common defence and general welfare, excluding ob- 1 jects appertaining to the local legislation of the se veral States; and those purposes of general welfare and common defence were afterwards defined bv specifie enumeration, as being matters only of co relation between the States themselves, or between them and foreign governments, which, because of their common and general nature, could not be left to the separte control of each State. Os the circumstances of local condition, interest, and rights, in which a portion of the States, consti tuting one great section of the Union differed from the rest, and from another sectiou, the most im portant was the peculiarity of a larger relative co lored population in the southern than in the north- j era States. A population of this class, held in subjection, existed in nearly all the States, but was more nu merous and of more serious concernment in the South than in the North, on account of natural I differences of climate and production ; and it was ; foreseen that, for the same reasons, while this > , population would diminish, and, sooner or later, j , cease to exist, in some States, it might increase in j i others. The peculiar character and magnitude of ] this question of local rights, not in material rela- J j lions only, hut still more in social ones, caused it ! to enter mto'the special stipulations of the Consti- : tution. | Hence, while the general government, as well by- i the enumerated powers granted to it, as by those j not enumerated, and therefore refused to it, was ' forbidden to touch this matter in the sense of at- ’ I tack or offence, it was placed under the general j safeguard of the Union, in the sense of defence i against either invasion or domestic violence, like all other local interests of the several States. Each j State expressly stipulated, as well for itself as for ! each and all of its citizens, and every citizen of each State became solemnly bound by his allegi | ance to the Constitution, that any person, held to service or labor in one State, escaping into anoth j er, should not, in consequence of any law or regu | lation thereof, be discharged from such service or : labor, but should be delivered up on claim of the I party to whom such service or labor might be due by the laws of his State. | Thus, and thus only, by the reciprocal guaranty ; °f the rights ot every Stale against interference on ’ the part of another, was the present form of gov ! eminent established by our fathers, and transmit ted to us; and by no other means is it possible for ;it to exist. If one State ceases to respect the rights of another, and obtrusively intermeddles with its local interests—if a portion of the States assume to impose their institutions oti the others, or refuse jo fulfil their obligations to them—we are no long er united friendly States, but distracted, hostile ones, with little capacity left of common advantage, j but abundant means of reciprocal injury and mis- I chief. Practically, it is immaterial whether aggressive in j terference between the States, or deliberate refusal on the part of any one of them to {comply with I constitutional obligations, arise from erroneous ; conviction or blind prejvdice, whether, it be perpe | trated by- direction or indirection. In either case, , it is full of threat and of danger to the durability | of the Union. CONSTITUTIONAL RELATIONS Os SLAVERY. Placed in the office of Chief Magistrate as the executive agent of the whole country, bound to take care that the laws be faithfully executed, and specially- enjoined by the Constitution to give information to Congress bn the state of the Union, jit yvouhl be palpable neglect of duty on rav ! part to pass over a subjectlike this, which, beyond all things at the present time, vitally concerns i individual and public security, j It has been matter of painful regret to see Suites, conspicuous for their services in founding this Republic, and equally sharing its advantages, disregard their constitutional obligations to it. Although conscious hf their inability to heal ad . : niitted and palpable social evils of their own, and which are completely within t'uir jurisdiction, they engage in the offensive and hopeless under taking of reforming the domestic institutions of 1 other States wholly beyond their control and au ; ' thority. In the vain pursuit of ends, by them en -1 tirely unattainable, and which they may not legal -1 l v attempt to compass, • they peril the very exis j tence of the Constitujion, and all the countless 1 benefits which it has conferred. While the people °f jhe Southern States confine tneir attention to their own affairs, not presuming officiously to in termeddle with the social institutions of JSfortnern ‘ Suites, too many of the inhabitants of the latter place are permanently organized in associations to 1 : intiiet injury on the former, by wrongful acts, I which would be cause of yvar as between foreign J * powers, and only fail to be such in our system, be ‘ canse perpetrated under cover of the Union. * , It is impossible to present this subject as truth ' and the occasion require, without noticing the re -1 ' iterated, hut groundless allegation, that the South has persistently asserted claims and obtained ad ’ vantages in the practicel administration of the gen eral government, to the prejudice of the North,'and : . in which the latter has acquiesced. That is, the ' States, which either promote or tolerate attacks on the rights of persons and of property in other States, to disguise their own injustice, pretend or imagine, and constantly aver, that they, whose constitutional rights are thus systematically assailed, are them selves the aggressors. At the present time, this 1 imputed aggression, resting, as it does, only in the vague, declamatory charges of political agitators, resolves itself into misapprehension, or misinter pretation, of the principles and facts of the political organization of the new- Territories of the United States. What is the voice of history V When the ordi , nance, w hich provided for the government of the territory northwest of the river Ohio, and for its eventual subdivision iuto new States, was adopted ' in the Congress of the confederation, it is not to ' be supposed that the question of future relative 1 powers, as between the States which retained, and those which did not retain, a numerous colored population, escaped notice, or failed to be consider ed. And vet the concession of that vast territory to the interests and opinions of the Northern States, ‘ ; a territory- now the seat of five among the largest members of the Union, was, in a great measure, 1 the act of the State of Virginia and of the South. When Louisiana was acquired by- the United 1 j States, it was an acquisition not less to the North than to the South; lor while it was important to the country at the mouth of the river Mississippi to become the emporium of the country above it, iso also it was even more important to the whole ' | Union to have that emporium ; and although the i new pro vice, by reason of its imperfect settlement, was mainly- regarded as on the Gulf of Mexico, | yet, in fact, it extended to the opposite boundaries of the United States, with far greater breadth above than below, and was in territory, as in every j thing else, equally at least an accession to the Northern States. It is mere delusion and prejudice, therefore, to speak of Louisiana as acquisition in the special interest of the South. The patriotic and just men, who participated in that act, were influenced by motives far above all sectional jealousies. It was in truth the great event which, by completing for us the possession of the valley of the Mississippi, with commercial access to the Gulf of Mexico, imparted unity and strength to the whole confederation, and attached together by indissoluble ties the East and the West, as well as the North and the South. As to Florida, that was but the transfer by Spain to the United States, of territory- on the east side of the river Mississippi, in exchange for large terri tory, which the United States transferred to Spain on the west side of that river, as the entire diplo matic history of the transaction serves to demon strate. Moreover, it was an acquisition demanded by the commercial interests and the security of the whole Union. In the meantime, the people of the United States had , grown np to a proper consciousness of their strength, and in a brief contest with France, and in a second se rious war with Great Britain, they had shaken off all which remained of undue reverence for Kurope. and ‘ emerged from the atmosphere of those transatlantic influences which surrounded the infant Kepublic, a-d had begun to turn their attention to the full and sys tematic development of the internal resources of the Unian. j Amerg the evanescert controversies of that period, the most conspicuous was the question of regulation j by Congress of the social condition of the future States to be founded in the territory of Louisiana. The ordinance for the government of the territory : north-west of the river Ohio had contained a provision, which prohibited the use of servile labor therein, sub ject to the condition of the extradition of fugitives from service due in any other part of the United States. Subsequently to the adoption of the constitution, this provision ceased to remain as a law ; for its operation as such was absolutely superceded by thexonstitution. But the recollection of the fact excited tue veal ot so cial propagaudism in some sections of the confedera tion . and, when a second State, that of Missouri, came . to be formed in the territory of Louisiana, proposition was made to extend to the fatter territory the restric- i tinn originally applied to the country situated between the rivers Ohio and Mississippi. Most questionable as was this proposition in all its I constitutional relations, nevertheless it received the sanction of Congress, with some slight modifications of line, to save the existing rights of the intended new State It was reluctantly acquiesced in by southern States as a sacrifice to the cause of peace and of the Union, uot only of the rights stipulated by the treaty of Louisiana, but of the principle of equality among the States guarantied by the con titution. It was re ceived by northern States with angry and re-entful condemnation and complaint, because it did not concede all which they nad exactingly demanded. Having ! passed through the forms of legislation, it took its place in the .*>tatu ebook, sta-ding open to repeal, like f any other act of d mbtsul constitutionality, subject to be pronounced null and void by the courts of law. and possessing no possible efficacy to control the rights of * the S'ate*', which might thereafter be organised out of any part of the original territory of Louisiana. iu all this, if any aggression there were, any innova tion upon pre-existiag rights, to which portion of the Union are they justly chargeable ? This controversy passed away with the occasion, nothiug surviving it save the dormant letter of the sta tute. But long afterwards, when by the proposed accession of the Republic ot Texas, the United States were to take their next step in territorial greatness, a similar contingency occurred, and became the occasion for systematized attempts to intervene in the domestic af fairs of o e section of the Union, in defiance of their rights as States, and of ihe stipulations oft'e constitu • tion. These attempts assumed a practical direction, in the shape of persevering endeavor l *, by -ome of the rep resentatives. in both houses of Congress, to deprira the southern States of the supposed benefit of the pro i visions of the act authorizing the organization of the ' State of Missouri. But. the good sense of the people, and the vital force of the constitution, triumphed over sectional prejudice and the political errors of the day. and the State of Texas returned to the Union as she was, with social in stitutions which her people had chosen for themselves, and with express agreement, by the re-annexing act. .hat she should be susceptible of subdivision into a plu- j rality of States. * Whatever advantage the interests of the Southern < . tales, as such, gained by this, were far inferior in re- I suits, as they unfolded in the progress of time, to those which sprang from previous concessions made bv the South. J To every thoughtful friend of the Unien—to the true lovers of their country—to all who longed and labored for the full success of this great experiment of republi can institutions—it was cause of gratulation that such an opportunity had occurred to illustrate our advanc ing power on this continent, and to furnish to the world additional assurance of the strength and stability of the constitution. Who would wish to see Florida still a European colony ? Who would rejoice to hail Texas as a lone star, instead of one in the galaxy of States? M ho does not appreciate the incalculable benefits of the acquisition of Louisiana ? And yet narrow views and sectional purposes would inevitably have excluded them all from the Union. But another struggle on the same point ensued, when our victorious armies returned from Mexico, and it de volved on Congress to provide for the territories ac quired by the treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo The great relations of the subject had now become distinct and clear to tbe perception of the public mind, which ap preciated the evils of sectional controversy upon the question of the admission of new States. Inthatcrisis intense solicitude pervaded the nation. But the pat riotic impulses of the popular heart, guided by the ad monitory advice of the Father of his Country, rose su perior to all the difficulties of the incorporation of a new empire in*o the Union. In the counsels of Con gress there was manifested extreme antagonism of opin ion and action between some representatives, who sought by the abusive and unconstitutional employ ment of the Legislative powers of the government to in terfere in the condition of the inchoate States, and to impose their own social theories upon the latter ; and other representatives, who repelled the interposition of the general government in this respect, and maintained the self-constituting rights of the States. In truth, the thing attempted was, in form alone, action of the gen eral government, while in reality it was the endeavor, by abuse of legislative power, to force the ideas of internal policy, entertained in particular States, upon allied independent States. Once more the constitution and the Union triumphed signally. The new Territo ries were organized without restrictions on the dispu ted point, and were thus left to judge in that particular | tor themselves; and the of constitutional faith i proved vigorous enough in Congress not only to accom i plish this primary object, but also the accidental and I hardly less important one, of so amending the provi j sions of the statute for the extradition of fugitives I from service, as to place that public duty under the safe-guard of the general government, and thus relieve it from obstacles raised up by the legislation of some of the States. Vain declamation regarding the provisions of law for the extradition of fugitives from service, with occasion able episodes of frantic effort to obstruct their execu tion by riot and murder, continued, for a brief time, to i agitate certain localities. But the true principle, of leaving each State and Territory to regulate its own laws of labor according to its own sense of right and expediency, had acquired fast hold of the public judg ment, to such a degree, that, by common consent, it was observed in the organization of the Territory of Washington. When, more recently, it became requisite to organize the Territories of Nebraska uud Kansas, it was the nat ural and legitimate, if not the inevitable, consequence of previous event-and legislation, that the same great and sound principle, which had already been applied to Utah and New Mexico, should be applied to them— that they should stand exempt from the restrictions proposed in the act relative to the State of Missouri. These restrictions were, iu the estimation of many thoughtful men. nulitrom the beginning, unauthorized by the constitution, contrary to the treaty stipulations fertile cession of Louisiana, and inconsistent with the equality of the States. They had been stripped of all moral authority, by persistent efforts to procure their indirect repe\l thro 7 contradictory enactments They had been practically abrogated by the legislation attending the organization ot Utah, New Mexico, and Washington. If any vitality remained in them, it would have been taken away, in effect, by the new territorial acts, in the form original ly proposed to the Senate at the first session of the last Congress. It was manly and ingenious, as well as pa triotic and just, to do this directly and plainly, and thus relieve the statute-book of an act, which might be of future injury, but of no possible future benefit; a T dthe measure of its repeal was the final consummation and complete recognition of the principle, that no portion of the United States shall undertake, through assump tions of the powers of the general government, to dic tate the social institutions of any other portion. The scope and effect of the language of repeal were not left in doubt. It was declared in terms to be ’ the true intent and meaning of this act not to legis late slavery into any Territory or State, nor to exclude it therefrom but to leave the people thereof perfectly free to form and regulate their domestic institutions in their own way. subject only to the constitution of the United States." The measure could not be withstood upon its merits alone It was attacked with violence, on the false or delusive pretext, that it constituted a breach of faith. Never was objection more utterly destitute of substan tial justification. When, before, was it imagined by sensible men, that a regulative or declarasive statute, whether onacted ten or forty years ago, is irrepealable, —that an act of Congress is above the constitution ’ ; If, indeed, there were in the facts any cause to impute j bad faith, it would attach to those only, who have never ceased, from the time of the enactment of the restrictive provision to the present day, to denounce and condemn it who have constantly refused to com plete it by needlul supplementary legislation; who have spared no exertion to deprive it of moral force ; wh > have themselves again and again attempted its repe.l by the enactment of incompatible provisions; and who, by the inevitable reactionary effect of their own violence on the subject, awakened th» country te perception of the true constitutional principle.of leav ing the matter involved to the discretion of the peo ple of the respective existing or incipient States. It U not pretended that this principle, or any other, precludes the possibility of evils in practice, disturbed as political action is liable to be by humaD passions. No form of government is exempt from inconveni ences: but in this case they are the result of the abuse, and not of the legitimate exercise, of the pow ers reserved or conferred in the organization of a Ter ritory. They are not to be charged to the great prin ciple of popular sovereignty: on the contrary, they iisappear before the Intelligence and patriotism of the people,exerting through the ballot-box their peaceful and silent, but irresistible power. If the friends of the constitution are to have another struggle, its enemies could not present a more accepta ble issue, than that ot a State, whose constitution clearly embraces *• a republican form of government.' 7 being excluded from the Union because its domestic institutions may not in all respects comport with the ideis ot what is wise and expedient, entertained in some other State. Fresh from groundless imputations of breach «f faith against others, men will commence the agitation of this new question with indubitable violation of an express compact between the indepen dent sovereign powers of the United States and of the Republic of Texas, as woll as of the older and equally solemn compacts, which assure the equality of all the States. But, deplorable as wonld he such a violation of coin ; Pact in itself, and in all its direct consequences, that is the very least of the evila involved. When sectional agitators shall have succeeded in forcing on this issue, cin their pretensions fail to be met by counter pre- I tensions ’ Will not different States be compelled re spectively to meet extremes with extremes .* And, if either extreme carry its p int, what is that so far forth but dissolution of the Union ’ If a new State, formed ! from the territory of the United States, be absolutely excluded from admission therein, that fact of itse f i constitutes the disruption of union between it and the ; other States. But the procesaof dissolution could not j stop there. Would not a sectional decision, producing j such result by a majority »f votes, either northern or southern, of necessity drive out the oppressed and ag grived minority, and place in presencejof each other ; two irreconcilably hostile confederations? It is necessary to speak thus plainly of projects, the j olripring ot that sectional agitation now prevailing in some of the States which are as impracticable as they are unconstitutional, and which, if persevered in. must and will end calamitously. It is either disunion and ’ civil war,or it is mere angry, idle, aimless disturbance | of public peace and tranquility. Disunion for what ’ ! If the passionate rage of fanaticism and partisan spirit did not force the fact upon our attention, it would be i difficult to believe, that any considerable portion of the people ot this enlightened country could have so surrendered themselves to a fanatical devotiou to the supposed interests of the relatively few Africans in the United States, as totally to abandon and disregard the I interests of the twenty-five millions of Americans.— i to trample under foot the injunctions of moral and ; constitutional obligation.—and to engage in plans of vindictive hostility agaiast those who are associated with them in the enjoyment of the common heritage of our national Institutions. Noris it hostility agaiust their fellow-citizens of one section of the Union alone. The interests, the honor the duty, the peace, and the prosperity of the people’ of all sections are equally involved and imperilled in this question. And are patriotic men in any part of the t’uiou prepared, on such an issue, thus madly to invite all the consequences of tire forfeiture of their constitutional engagements? It is impossible. The storm of phrensy and faction must inevitab’y dash itself in vain against the unshaken rock of the consti tution. f shall never doubt it. I know that the Union is stronger a thousand times ttian all the wild and chi- ! metrical schemes of social change, which are generated, i one after another, in the unstable minds of visionary sophists and interested agitators. I rely confidently i on the patriotism of the people, on the dignity and self-respect of the States, on the wisdom of Congress, and above all, on the continued gracious favor of Al mighty God. to maintain, against all enemies, whether at home or abroad, the sanctity of the constitution and the integrity of the t T uion. FRANKLIN PIERCE. Washington. Dec.3l, 1855. Bnltver has become a contributor to the London Quarterly Review. The article on Pitt and Fox in ' the new number is his. Professor Huntington is of opinion that woman has kept Christendom from lapsing back into bar barism. It may be so says the Boston Post) — at any rate it would be folly to deny that without her labors those of man would be in vain. A. T. Stewart & Co., of New York, made daily sales during Christmas week, amounting to from *75,000 to $95,000. .With the latter sum, it is said, the head ot the house was not satisfied, lie thought it should have reached SIOO,OOO. John Bertram, owner of the Water Witch at Sa lem, personally ministered to the comfort of fifteen shipwrecked seamen of ship William, of New Vork, who were rescued and brought in by the It ater W itch, and he gave each of them a suit of clothes. The grateful tars passed free over the Eastern Railroad. The people of Charlotte, N. C., have voted in fa vor of a town subscription of $25,000 to the Wil mington and Rutherford Railroad. €iit failtj Cntistitatiimalist. BY JAMES GARDNER. THURSDAY MORNING, JAN’Y. 3. Death of Hon. John M. Berrien. Full of years and full of honors—-the jurist, the statesman, the patriot—the gifted and eloquent John Macpherson Berrien is no more. He emi nently possessed “ the high, the mountain majesty of worth." For more than forty years he held im portant public relations with the people of this State, and has gone down to the grave “ that calm, unstormy ware, which oversweeps the world,” amid the regrets of as large a circle of personal admirers, as ever mourned the demise of any man in Georgia. Judge Berrien was born in New Jersey, on the 23d August, 1781, during the temporary residence of his parents there. He graduated at Princeton College, in 1790, and was admitted to practice law in Augusta, in 1799. In 1810, he was elected Judge of the Eastern District, which position he held nearly eleven years. In 1322-’3, he represented Chatham county in the State Senate. In 1824 he was elected to the Senate of the United States. In 1529, during Gen. Jackson’s administration, he was appointed Attorney General of the United States, but resigned in 1831. In 1840 he was elect ed United States Senator, and in L 847 again re elected, but resigned in May, 1852, and retired to private life. In his public relations, while necessarily subject to the vicissitudes which attend all who participate in the strife of politics and the ebbing and flovv ing of public sentiment, he maintained the respect of all parties. IV e have not the time on this occasion, to enlarge further on the virtues, erudition, statesmanship and great moral worth of Judge Berrien. His long life was characterized by Christian virtues, and patriotic devotion to his countrv. We present a brief extract from his able speech, delivered in the Senate of the United States, a few years past, as peculiarly pertinent to the occasion, and the present condition of the affairs of our country. In that eloquent effort in relation to the Mexican laws on the subject of slaverv, he said : “ I do not indicate the course which Georgia will pursue, if the measures which you propose are car ried into execution. That is for her people to de termine; and I am but one of these. I can only sav that the rights and the interests of that people are mine ; that they are endeared to me by a thousand recollections which can never be obliterated ; that I cannot separate myself from a gallant and patriot ic people, the protectors of my infancy, who have iu manhood extended to me a generous and unwavering confidence which commands all mv gratitude. Beneath the soil of Georgia, the ashes of my parents and of mv children repose ; and there, too, my own must shortly rest. Whether in weal or woe, the lot of her people shall be mine.” Judge Berrien died in Savannah, on Tuesday morning. January Ist, at nine o’clock. The papers ol that city come to us draped in mourning on the solemn occasion, and we know that we convey to our readers sad news, in chronicling the death of this estimable gentleman. River News. I he river was ten feet high last night, and rising. The steamers Fashion and Taloraicco are still at our wharves, unable to unload. City llauk Dividend. This Bank has declared a dividend of five per cent. j Delegates to the Milledgeville Convention. At a meeting of the Democratic and anti-Know I Nothing party ot Richmond county, held at the l t ity Hull, on Tuesday afternoon last, the follow j 'HR gentlemen were appointed Delegates to the Milledgeville Convention tube held on the loth inst. A. WaLKER, .1.1 .MU Gardner, J. J. Marvin, Emv. J Walker, The Delegates were invested with full power to fill any vacancy which may occur iu their delega tion. Sale of Georgia Railroad Stock. We call attention to the announcement that for ty-eight shares in the stock of the Georgia Rail road and Banking Company, belonging to the es tate of Wn. McWhorter, deceased, will he sold at Lexington, Oglethorpe county, on the first Tuesday in February next. The President’s Message. The Message was communicated to the United States Senate on Monday last. The telegraphic despatch to the Charleston Courier, announcing its delivery, states that Mr. Clayton expressed his ap probation of the ground taken, in regard to our re lations with Great Britain, concerning Central America, and said he was in favor of insisting upon the American construction of the < layton-B t: i.wkr Treaty. Mr. Cass said that the honor of the coun try demanded that we should insist upon our inter pretation of the Treaty. Messrs. Weller and Seward took the same ground, and all were ready to support the Monroe doctrine should an emer gency require such a course of action. Matters look rather hostile. The receipt ot the Message, by the Senate, fell like an earthquake upon the House, none having the least suspicion that it would be sent. A very exciting debate ensued, which terminated in a refusal to receive it on the part of the House. There was a ballot for Speaker, and the House adjourned until Thursday. Academies and Private Schools. W e invite the attention as parents and guardians i to the several school announcements in our eo|. , unins. In this State, there is as much ability en i gaged in imparting instruction to youth, as can be j found in the Union, although some of our people I imagine that there are superior advantages offered by Northern, Eastern and Western schools. “Dis tance lends enchantment to the view, ’ and pride [ and fancy keep up the delusion, until the child or I ward returns home to be eclipsed by the graces j and mental and moral accomplishments which ' have been acquired in our own unobtrusive acade mies and schools. Our State University, Colleges, j aud other high institutions of learning, arc often I disregarded, to enable ns to bask in the imaginary i beams of a mere phosphorescent Institution in ■ some distant State. j We have among us a galaxy of Teachers that I any country might be proud to acknowledge and | receive. Let us then evince our appreciation of 1 them by a liberal patronage. Emory College. We notice that the exercises of this College will be resumed ou thelSth ins!., under the direction of a full Faculty. We omitted to notice the elec tion, at the late meeting of the Hoard in LaGrange, of Rev. James R. Thomas, A. M., as President of Emory College, in the place of Dr. Means, resigned. The Rev. Mr. Thomas is well and favorably known for his piety, learning and administrative ability, and will prove a great acquisition to Emory College, i Mechanics Savings Bank in Savannah. The following gentlemen were elected President and Directors on Monday last: John S. Moxtmol- i Ltx, President, and John F. Tucker, John E. ! Ward, Richard Bradley and Gilbert Butler, ! Directors. The Bank also declared a semi-annual dividend : of three dollars per share. The Public Meeting in Atlanta. The citizens of that city recently held a public meeting, to consider the interests of Atlanta in increased banking and railroad facilities. The ' meeting adopted a preamble and resolutions favor ing State aid to railroads, approving of the Atlan ta Bank, located in that city, and fully endorsing its value and solvency. Tiie contents of the private office of the Mayor of Mobile, was destroyed by lire on Thursday 27th ult. Another tire broke out in the third storv of So. So, St. Francis street, over the store of T. ■t. liiDooon A( o. The valuable law libraries of Judge A. F. Hopkixs and W. S. Jones, Esq., were destroyed. COMMERCIAL. Augusta Market, Jau. 3, 1856. COTTON.—But little doing, and no change in prices. SAVANNAH, Dec. 31, P. M.— Cotton. —The in clemency of the weather prevented operations to day, and only 288 bales changed hands at former prices—2 at ‘t>% ; 21 at 3%; 22 at 9; 59 at 9%; 99 at ; and 85 bales at 9 5-10 cents. COLUMBUS, Dec. 81, P. M.—Our Cotton market remains unchanged in prices, and owing to the ex istence of the holiday season, the unfavorableness of the weather, Ac., the receipts are limited. We therefore omit quotations for the present. MACON, Jan. I.— Cotton. —There has been noth ing doing in Cotton the past week, owing to the holidays. We still quote 7@B%c. as extremes, but the market is not so firm. SHIPPING- NEWS. ARRIVALS from charleston. Brig Galveston, Fleming, Providence sailed for charleston. Schr O G Parsley, , New London CHARLESTON, Jan. I.—Arrived, ship Matta- ! pah, Liverpool; brig Somers, Havana ; schr G A j Tittle, Philadelphia. SAVANNAH, Dec. 31.—Arrived, barque Nicho las Cun-in, Cardiff, Wales; brig Royalston, NV ; schrs Senator, do; L S Davis, do; R S Miller, Phi ladelphia. FUNERAL NOTICES. IST" The Friends and Acquaintances of Mr. and Mrs. CHAS. DWELLE, are requested to attend the Funeral of the latter, THIS (Thursday) MORNING, at their residence on Ellis street, at 10% o’clock. 25?” The Friends and Acquaintances of Mr. JOSHUA BROOM, of Mr. and Mrs. J. J. Broom, and of Mr. and Mrs. Thomas Broom, are invited to attend the Funeral of the former, from the resi dence of the latter, on Ellis street, THIS ('Thurs day) MORNING, at 10 o’clock. 25?" The steamer JAS. ADGER, Capt. Turner, will leave Adger’s Wharf, Charleston, for New York, Saturday Afternoon, sth inst., at 4 o’clock. Passengers taking Friday night’s train, will be iu time for the steamer. jan3 HENRY MISSROON, Agent. SPECIAL NOTICES. 25?” Clay Club. —Attend a regular meeting of your Society, THIS (Thursday) EVENING, at 7 o’clock precisely. Punctual attendance is request ed. By order of the President. jan?, l SAM’L. SMYTHE, Secy. 5*8?" Notice.— Augusta <fe Waynesboro’ Rail road, Savannah, December 20, 1855. —The Annual Election for Seven Directors of this Company, will be held on MONDAY, the 7th day of January next, between the hours of 10 A. M. and 1 P. M., at the office in the building on the corner of Bay and Abercorn streets. jan3 2 FRANCIS T. WILLIS, Pres’t. Notice.- -The subscriber will commence this day to sell his entire stock of FANCY and STAPLE DRA GOODS at cost. Those iu want of bargains, are respectfully invited to call. Store for rent, and possession given Ist February. jan3 _ 3 T. DUNHAM. 2*gT"<Jity Rank.- The Board of Directors have declared a dividend of five per cent., payable on and after the 7th instant. j an ‘ ; 4 J. C. FARGO, Cashier. 5-??“ Hats, Fall Style, 1855.—Beebe & Co., and 1 rude fall style Moleskfh HATS, just received, and ready for sale, at GEO. W. FERRY’S, _ a >D ! Masonic Hall Building. Win. O. Price Co., Draper* ami Tailors, are receiving their FALL and WIN TER SUPPLIES, embracing all the newest styles ot the day Hosiery, Gloves, Scarfs, Ties and everything desirable for dross. oel2 55?" Notice. Families can get all Varie ties of SEWING doue at the Bag Factory, at short notice. Stitching, Shirts, Quilting, 4c., done neatly. Merchants ean be supplied with all size* of sms'll Bags. uovS 2m i-9?“Sealcd Proposal* will be received until the 15th January next, for paving with hard brick, the Side-walk on the north side of Ellis street, between Campbell and Jackson streets. James M. Dye, dec!4 td Chairman Street Committee. J-3F” A beautiful complexion and a per fumed breath may both be acquired by using the ‘'Balm of a Thousand Flowers.” As a dentrifice it has no parallel. Price only fifty cents. For sale by Guo. A. Oaths A Bro., novSi 8m Hole Agents, Augusta, Ga. Jn»t Received, Fifty dozen superior Cotton and Linen SHIRTS. They will be sold low, by noy2l J. M. Nbwbt & Co. Garden Seeds.—Crop 1855.—We have just received our supply of Garden SEEDS. As heretofore, we commence the season with Fresh Seed only, not having a paper of old Seed on hand. novH D. B.Plumb a Co. 3-tf?* Ambrotypes—A new style of Pic- Tl RES, far exceeding in beauty and durability, anything over before made. The exceeding firm ness, depths of light, and shade and richness of tone, is wonderful. They do not reverse the sub ject; but represent everything in its true position. They are without the glare of a Daguerreotype, and can be seen in any view. Instructions given in the Art. Daguerreotypes as usual taken in every style of the Art. Speci mens of Ambrotypes can be seen at Tucker's Pre mium Gallery. X. B.—Daguerreotype MATERIALS for sale as usual. novlT 1. TUCKER. Or. It. 11. Oakman having deter* mined to return to Augusta, after four years’ prac tice in the country, and locate permanently, res pectfully tenders his professional services to its citizens, Hamburg and it* vicinity. Office and and residence at Wm. H. Oakman'a, I fir*t door below the Court ltou*e, Greene street. Wal_ lrsr Daguerreotype*.-The Chalmers Daoukekkax Gai.lbrt is now open for the season. sepl4 J. I. Newby A Co. received by the , last steamer*, a good lot of Fine and Common Clo thing, suitable for winter weather. Call and see them, also, A fresh lot of Bovs’ Clothing a ’ i-i 4 t ash paid for Woollen, Linen, Cot- i ton and Silk Rags, by E. Camdi teld, j jan2o if Comer River and Jackson sts. 1 Heavy Clothingfor Servant*.—J.M. N'kwbt A Co. have on hand a large stock of Satti- \ nett Frock aud Pea COATS, Sattinett PANTS I Heavy VESTS, Ac., suitable for servants. Also, Water Proof Coats, Pants and Ha!*, for! Draymen, Wagoners, Ac. They will he sold low. 1 ! - IW Look Out Hoys.—J. M. Newby & Co. are now receiving a large lot. of Youths’ and Hoys t. LOTHING. The boys who call soon, can make good selection*. oc y Mrs. F. O. Collins has in store a full and handsome assortment of Fall and Winter BOV N ETS, of the latest and most fashionable styles in Velvet, Satin aud Silk. —a lso — English Straws, colored and plain Straws in great variety; Dress Caps; Head Dresses; Flow ers ; Wreathes ; Ribbons ; Toilet Powders ; Per fumes ; Soaps ; Hair Oil; Hair Braids • Curls • Bonnet, Cap and Head Dresses, made at short no tice. All orders from thecoumrv attended to with dispatch, opposite the U. S. Hotel. ni) v2S PETIT GULF COTTON SEED FOR i A_ SALE. T m £ T ?,?' Tell Plantation, Pure Petit Gulf Cot- | ton SEED for sale, at 25 cents per bushel. ! d*c2S lm x CLANTON’. New 2Utoerttscmmte. AUGUSTA SEED STORE, Nearly apposite the United States and Globe Hotels. THE subscriber has received, and will continue to receive throughout the season, his stock of Fresh and Genuine CARDEN SEEDS, crop 1855. The usual deduction made to Country Merchants. j. h. Service. Giant Asparagus ROOTS, White and Red CLO VER, White and Red Onion SETTS, LUCERNE, BLUE GRASS, TIMOTHY, OSAGE ORANGE, Ac., Ac. 2m jan3 SELLING OFF f SELLING OFF \ \ THE subscriber is now offering his entire stock of FANCY AND STAPLE GOODS at cost. Those in want of any description of Dry Goods, can obtain great bargains. Particular attention is requested to a few super. French Embroidered COLLARS and SLEEVES. Also, Muslin and Cambric SETTS. ' SILKS! SILKS !! At the low price of cents, being twenty-five per cent, lower than New York cost. 100 pieces BED TICK, at 10, worth 02} J cents. GOODS, for Servants’ wear. KERSEYS at 12% cents, worth 2.1 cents ; SAT - TINETS, Kentucky JEANS, TWEEDS, BLANK ETS, Ac., Ac. CARPETING AND RUGS. A few Rugs and ends of Carpeting, which are offered at greatlv less than cost. _jan3 T. DUNHAM. NOTICE. THE undersigned having from this date asso ciated with him in the I)RY GOODS BUSI NESS, at the corner under the Globe Hotel, Mr. L. C. DEMING, the business will hereafter be con ducted under the firm of LAI.LERSTEDT A DEM ING. Thankful for the liberul patronage bestowed upon him, he solicits a continuance of trie same for the firm. L. D. LALLERSTEDT. January 1, 1856. jan3 IMPORTANT TO MERCHANTS A YOUNG GENTLEMAN, late from New York, desires a situation in a Dry Goods House, as Salesman or Clerk, or would take a Clerk ship in any Office. He has had long experience, and writes a most splendid hand. Unquestionable references given. Address, for one week, B. 11. R., Post Office, Augusta. 2* jan3 CATAWBA WINE.— SO boxes, qrts. Spark liug Catawba WINE; 25 do. pts. Sparkling Catawba WINE, Eagle brand, just received bv jan-3 DAWSON A SKINNER. tHIEESE. —75 boxes prime Goshen CHEESE, J just landing from steamer Fashion. For sale by jan3 DAWSON A SKINNER. JUST RECEIVED, a fine assortment of Buck and Kid GAUNTLETTS, b’lk, col’d and Kid GLOVES, Half HOSE, SCARFS, CRAVATS and TIES, Cassimere GLOVES, UNDER GAR MENTS, Ac., all cf which are fresh Goods, and w ill be sold cheap. jau3 J. A. VAN WINKLE. IJMBRELLAS AND CARPET BAGS.—A > good assortment of all qualities and prices, for sale cheap. jan3 J. A. VAN WINKLE. NOTICE. ~ riMIE connection heretofore existing between -B- the undersigned, under the firm of L. HAN COCK A CO., expires by limitation this day, and is, by mutual consent, dissolved. The out-standing business will be closed up bv our successors, 8. S. JONES A CO., who are authorized to collect all debts due us, and to use the firm name in liquida tion only. L. HANCOCK, A. 11. JONES. Augusta, Ga., Jan’y. Ist, 1856. HAVING purchased the Stock in Trade of L. HANCOCK & CO., the undersigned will continue the business at the old stand, as hereto fore. The same general principles that have here tofore characterized the operations of the late firm, and which have contributed so largely to its suc cess, will be rigidly adhered to. To enable us to effect a prompt settlement of the affairs of the late firm, it is desirable that those indebted to L. 11 \N cock & Co. come forward and settle up without de lay or further notice. S. S. JONES & CO. January 1, 185*1. ti jan3 EMORY COLLEGE. r | 't 11»: Exercises of Emory College will be re ■ sumed on WEDNESDAY, January 16th, ISs*>, under the direction of a full Faculty. The Prepara tory Department, also, will be opened at the same time, under the supervision of Mr. J. S. Stkwakt, | A. M. V\ 1). \\ ILIJAMS, Sec’v Board. I Oxford, Ga., Dec. 31st, 1855. df*c2 jan3 ’ ADMINISTRATOR’S SALE. be sold, at Lexington, Oglethorpe wV county, on the first Tuesday in FEBRUARY next, forty -eight shares in the stock of the I ieorgia Railroad A Banking Company, belonging to the | estate of William McWhorter, deceased. Sold ; pursuant to an order from Court of Ordinari ot | said county, for the benefit of the heirs. Purcha : set' to pav for transfer. Terms made known on day of safe. J. I). McWHORTKR, i . . , ! Jan 3 A. A. BELL, > Adn, is. EATONTON MALE ACADEMY. MttT'E would respectfully give notice to parents V ? and guardians, that we will take charge of the Eatonton Male Academy for the ensuing year. We expect to merit patronage by using every ef fort to secure the advancement of those who are entrusted to our care. And having had several years experience in teaching, we hope our efforts will not be unavailing. 1 oung men expecting to lake u Collegiate course, are assured that with us they may receive the very best preparation for any of the College classes they may w ish to enter. ' i Board, on good terms', caii be obtained in the j village. The Exercises will commence on Monday, ! the 14th of January. The Scholastic year will ! embrace the usual period of ten months. ’ TRlillS. Spelling, Reading, Writing, Geography and Arithmetic, s2o per year. Arithmetic, Geography, History and Grammar, : s■.>B per year. Higher English Branches, Higher Mathematics ‘ and Languages, tf-'P! per year. J. G. HUDSON, T. G. SCOTT. Eatonton, Dec. 31, 1855. t3wcs jan3 WARREN SHERIFF’S SALE. i sold, before the Court House door i V V in Warrcnton. Warren county, on the first Tuesday in FEBRUARY next, within Hie legal i hours of sale, the following property, to wit : Henry, j a man, about 36 years old ; I tula, a woman, about 20 years old. and her child, Lawrence, about two vear.s old; levied on as the property of Thomas J. Cheelv, to satisfy two ti. fas. issued from Hancock Superior Court, in favor of Hudson, Wellborn A Pilcher vs. Holloman & Cheelv, and to satisfy other ti. fas. issued from the Superior Court of Warren county, in favor of Henry R. Cody, Pierce Baile\ and others. Property pointed out by defendant ' Cheelv. - ALSO At the same time ami place, one Negro woman, named Rachel, about 45 years of age; levied upon as the property of John' Toler, Administrator, to satisfy a fi. la. issued from Warren Superior Court in favor of Nancy Hilson vs. John Toler, Adm’r! I Property pointed out by defendant. jano h A. BRINKLEY , 11. Sheriff'. FOR SALE, A FEW bales of FODDER, OATS and PEA HAY. Also, Cracked CORN and PEAS, j Orders received by Carmichael A Dean I dl>c "° '> A. W. CARMICHAEL TO HIRE, FOR the ensuing year, SIX LIKELY BOYS, No. 1 Draymen. Apply to | dec *° L- f>- LALLERSTEDT. TO HIRE, FOR the ensuing year, a first rate Blacksmith, one capable of superior work, and of excellent i character. Enquire at this office. deeL". l TO HIRE, ; EN 1 \ LIKELY NEGROES, accustomed to Plantation work. dec2,: ‘ 8 J. J. MARTIN. ~ TO HIRE.” the ensuing year, an excellent Drayman, I well experienced in the work. Apply at this i od ‘ cv - dec2# TO HIRE, i «- vcr, of excellent character. ; tJanl A. PIC QUEX MECHANICS’ BANK.’ xVrGfSTA, Dec. / >o»h iq*:*; mrOTfCE.-An election for Dyr eonas of this Bank, t..r the ensuing vet. r . will be held at i *be Banking House on MOS>DAV 7th lanuarv j I, 85 *- betVr i!">^ o ho t T of 10 o'clock A. M. and -i j P M ' I dec29] td M.. HA TCH, Cashier. RECEIVED 4 s mC • \ Coifs Repeat- AT ’ f j JLb - Also, afew- Os the imitation of the same, at j s j - RKEMA jf. s W atch and Jewelry Store, decSO ol>P ° 3lte Planters’ Hotel, Augusta, Oh. Id V ikv bfckwheXtcv! -Hotels and mu , r amilif;s can he constantly s opplied with this , article, in 2y pound packages, by 1 GIRARDEY, WfI.Y'TE A CO., General Commission Merchants , JANUARY ELECTION. IW Fee for announcing Candidates | THREE DOLLARS. No name will be inserted tin | less accompanied by the CASH. | 25?" We are authorised to announce F. : W. GEORGE as a candidate for Sheriff of Burke | county, at the election in January next, decl * We are authorised to announce JOSEPH WAS DEN as a. candidate for the office i of Ordinary of Warren county, at the election in January next. novlO 25?" Richmond County. We are author ised to announce the following gentlemen as can didates at the ensuing county election in January next: Clerk Superior anetlnferior Courts — B. F. Hall Ordinary — Foster Blodgbt, Jr. Receiver Tar Returns — John A. Bohlkr Tax Collector - Alexander Dkas. | Sheriff' —W.v. Doyle. i Coroner —Riceiard Wimberly. Surveyor— E. W. Brown. nov27 25: ; ' We are authorised to announce LEON P. DUGAS as a Candidate for re-election for Ordinary of Richmond county at the election in January next. nov2* 25?" We are authorised to announce JAMES R. GUNN as a candidate for Ordinary of Warren county at the election in January next. oc2B 25?" Mr. Editor :—Please announce J. W. REESE as a candidate for receiver of Tax Re turns of Burke county, at the election in January next, and oblige. sept 27 * Man y Voters. 25f“ We are authorised to announce JAMES BRINSON, as a candidate for Receiver of Tax Returns of Burke county, at the election in January next. sep2l 25?" To the Voters of Burke County. The undersigned respectfully informs his fellow citizens, that he is a candidate for Receiver of Tax Returns, and solicits their suffrages, novl Charles B. Hustt. 25?" We are authorised to announce J. B. NETIIERLA ND ns a candidate for Tax Collector of Burke county, at the ensuing election, seplo (Uc 25?" We are authorised to announce J AS. 11. DANIEL as a candidate for the office of Receiver of Tax Returns, for Burke comity, at the approaching election. d,vc >: sep2s 25?" To the Voters of Richmond County. I announce myselfas a candidate for the Clerkship of the Superior and Inferior Courts of Richmond' county, at the election in January next. dec4 G. A. Beverly Walker. 25? We are authorized to announce ALEXAN PER Pill LIP as a candidate for Sheriff of Richmond county, at the election in January next dec!3 * 25?’ Mr. Editor: —Please announce JAMES BRANDON, Jr., Esq., a candidate for tin' office of Tax Collector of Richmond county, at the ensuing election in January next, and oblige decs * Many Voters. I !-if We are authorized to announce | WILLIAM M. KELLY, as the anti-Know Nothing | Candidate for Ordinary of Warren county, at the j election in January next. deed l ' Mr. Editor: Please announce ALBERT | (j. RUFFIN as a candidate for Receiver of Tax Re | turns of Richmond county, at the January election, j and oblige dec6 * M.v.vv Voters. IIHIK 111 N TERNS FEAST , or Con versa- M. tions around the Camp-fires; by ('apt. Mavne i Keiil, author of The Rifle Rangers. | Kate Weston, or To Will and To P* ;by Jtannie , DeWitt. | Claude in his Dungeon, or Maggs, the Traitor. I Just received, and for sale bv M. G. Me KIN NE, I _ Bookseller and Stationer. CJODY’S LADY’S HOOK, for January, R lias been received; also, Arthur’s Magazine, for same month. decifs G. A. OATES & BRO., Booksellers. AND UNDER GARMENTS We have received a fine assortment of the newest style SHIRTS. Also, Silk, Merino and Cotton UN DKRSHIRTS and DRAWERS, Biwkskin UNDER HM SHIRTS and DRAWERS. dcc2S WM. O. PRICE k cu. WANTED. ABLE-BODIED NEGROES, to work •-PVF on repairs on the Augusta and Waynes boro’ Railroad, for the ensuing year. For terms, apply at the Waynesboro’ Depot to C. A. BROWN. Augusta, Dec. 26, 1855. 6 dec27 PRACTICAL PHARM ACY "—A text book for the student and a guide book for the physician, bv Dr. Edward Parrish. For sale bv dec27 _ , THUS. RICHARDS A SON’. HANDS WANTED. \\T ANTED TO HIRE, either bv the month TV or year, fifteen or twenty able-bodied Ne gro FELLOWS, to work at Parks’ Mine, for which a liberal price will be paid. Parks’ Mine, in ('•• lnmbia county, is about eleven miles from Thom son, on the (ieorgia Railroad. The locality i-> healthy, and the mining business also, as is'evi dencod by the fact that at the Columbia Minin** Company’s Works, in the immediate neighborhood! employing over thirty hands, no sickness has oc curred during the last twelve months. Apply to dec22 ______ W. B. GRIFFIN. MEDICAL CARD. DR. JOSEPH HATTON , having resu ul . ed the practice of Medicine and Surgery ~p fers his services to the citizens of Augusta" a’ vi cinity. Residence at R. P. Spelnmn’s (tree lle st mar2'2 lv lAOR < Oi ghs, (OLDS, cV .- --Will) . PHERRV Inland MOSS and P,,* s , t (;"x. in. For sale by. deep! HAYII.AND, K* SLEY & CO S ADIES’ Merino and Cashmere. VESTS \ -A full assortment received to-duv MRS, M. L. PRITCHARD, AGENT, H Oi>l>o*itc the Eajle d- Pluenu Hotel , AS just returned from New York, with full assortments of MILLINERY, consisting of Silk Y ehet, 1 lusii Bonnets, Leghorn, Straws of *,!! kinds, llats for children. Divss Caps. Mar Ribbons, Tabs, Gloves, l.'ndersleeves, (Id l ar ‘ u A.’ to which she invites the attention of the ' ocll hunts. mfORE NEW GOODS ! ’ ,HL i'7i black SILKS, , w "‘. l lu' siyß-nd'.! asr „ rnil) . llt , ,• net and Cap RIBBONS, Mmre An . u „ l( . s . in i.iark, unite and colors. Dress nid ( ina u r ] f{l \| \I I\ ( o Ac., by dec2L' •'J* KEY A PIIIBBS. LANDRETH S WA T iillA if TEI ) QAR- , .»EED. have receive*, a supply of the above cede bruted sr rind will keel* them on hand AST during the season. Planters and merchants will 1 please call, BARRY & BATTEY, f deCi Druggists and Chemists. fiiOAP, ON CONSIGNMENT VS hai vy rt3ce ‘ved boxes SOAP, c IDs. each, a beau tiful article ' „ r fn.ri.iK use, for -ale h.n, bv <te*M S. C. GRENVILLE'A CO. I /i* V .GWORTH'S CATAWBA WINES. ,5 boxes Sparkling Catawba IN' INKS, t nr .. ‘ ' 552; 10 boxes Still Catawba WINES, vintage 1352. Just received from N . Longwortb, on eon signment. and shall keep constantly on hand. M t I chants and others will lie supplied low tor cash. THOS. P. STOVALL A CO., | janl 12 Gen'l. Cont'sn. Merchants. 4 TREATISE ON ALGEBRA, >riinm . ing the latest improvements, adapted to d> • i use of Schools and Colleges; bv C'has. W H-"' l ' ! lev, S. F. D. j Also, a new supply of Rose Clarke; by , aiir : Fern. j The Old Homestead; by Mr-. Ann .'v Slept i Just received, and for sale bv M. G. McKINNL, j janl Bookseller and Station^ ON CONSIGNMENT l,>o sacks Extra FLOUR, from A. K nne<j> j Mills, Tennessee. janl T. W. FLEMING ON CONSIGNMENT— -100 barrels No. 1 LEAF LARD, of sniemlM j quality. janl T. VV. FLEMING. fRISfI POTATOES. 5" bbls. Dish POT A TOES, for sale low. to eh - consignment, janl 6 THOS P. STOV ALL kI O. u ,f I.ABD. jMi “ T w mouse.