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CONSTITUTIONALIST
WEVDEkDAV, DECEMBER 11, 1871
FresidentTmessage.
Tdeertplied Specially to the Tele
arnpli ami WeMenucr.
Washington, necember 4, 1871,
To the Senate and House of Representatives of
the United States:
< ON( IRATU LATION6.
in addressing my third message to the
law making branch of the Government, it
is gratifying to lie able to state that during
the past year success has generally attended
the effort to execute all laws found upon the
statute books. The policy has been not to
eoqoirelDto the wisdom of the laws already
enacted; but to learn their spirit and intent
and to enforce them accordingly.
DISASTERS OF TUB YEAR.
The past year has, noderawise Provi
dence, been one of general prosperity to
the nation. It has, however, been attended
with more than usual chastisements and
the loss of life aud property by storm and
Are. These disasters have served to call
forth the best elements of human nature in
our country, and to (levelopa friendship for
ns on the part of foreign nations which goes
far tonvards alleviating the distress occa
sioned by these calamities. The benevo
lent who have so generously shared their
means with the victims of these misfor
tunes, will reap their reward in the con
sciousness of having perfo.med a noble act,
and in receiving the gr teful thanks of
men, women and children whose sufferings
they have relieved.
FOREIGN RELATIONS.
The relations of the United States with
foreign Powers continue to be friendly.
The year has been an eventful one in wit
nessing two great nations, speaking one
language, and having one lineage, settling
by peaceful arbitration disputes of long
standing, and liable to bring those nations
into bloody and costly conflict. An exam
ple has thus teen ret, which, in its final
issue, may be followed by other civilized
nations, and finally be the means of return
ing to productive industry millions of nu n
now maintained to settle the disputes of
nations by the bayonet and the broadside.
THE JOINT TREATY.
1 transmit herewith a copy of tiie treaty
alluded to, which has been concluded since
the adjournment of Congress, with Her
Britannic Majesty, and a copy of the proto
cols of the conferences of the commission
ers, by whom it was negotiated. This
treaty provides methods for adjusting the
questions pending between the two nations.
Various questions are to be adjusted by
arbitration. I recommend Congress, at an
early day, to make the necessary provision
for the tribunal at Geneva, and (or the sev
eral commissions on the part of the United
States called for by the treaty. His Majes
ty the King of Italy, the President of the
Swiss Confederation, and His Majesty the
Emperor of Brazil, have each consented,on
the joiut request of the two Powers, to
name an arbitrator for the tribunal at
Geneva. I have caused my thanks to be
suitably expressed for the readiness with
wh ch the joint request has been complied
with, by the appointment of gentlemen of
eminence and learning to these important
positions.
His Majesty, the Emperor of Germany
has been pleased to comply with the joint
request ot the two Governments, and bas
consented to act as the aibitrator of the
disputed water boundary between the Uni
ted States and Great Britain. The con
tracting parties in the treaty have under
taken to regard as between themselves cer
tain principles of public law for which the
United States have contended from the
commencement of their history. They have
also agreed to bring these principles to the
knowledge of the other maritime Powers,
and to invite them to accede to them. Ne
gotiations are going on as to the form of
the note by which the invitation is to bo
extended to tlie other Powers.
I recommend the legislation necessary on
the part of the United States to bring into
operation the articles of the treaty relating
to the fisheries and to the other matters
touching the relations of the United States
toward the British North American Prov
inces to become operative so soon as the
proposed legislation shall be had on the
part of Great Britalu and its possessions,
it is much to be desired that this legisla
tion may become operative before the fish
ermen of the United States begin to make
their arrangements for the coming season.
I have addressed a communication, of
which a copy is transmitted herewith, to
the Governors of New York, Pennsylvania,
Indiaua, Michigan, Illinois and Wisconsin,
urging upon the Governors of those States
respectively the necessary action on their
part to carrv into effect the object of the
article of the treaty which contemplates
the use of the canal on either side, connect
ed with the navigation of the lakes aud
rivers forming the boundary, on terms of
equalltv by the inhabitants or both coun
tries It, js hoped that the importance of
theobj. ct and the benefits to flow there
from w:!l secure the speedy approval and
legislative sanction of the States concerned.
northern boundary.
I renew the recommendation for an ap
propriation for determining the true posi
tion of the forty-ninth parallel of latitude
where it forms the boundary line between
the United States aud the British North
American Possessions, between the Lake of
toe Woods and the summit of the Rocky
Mountains. The early action of Congress
on this recommendation would put it in
the power of the War Department to place
* force In the field during the next summer,
FRANCE AND GRRMANY.
The resumption of diplomatic relations
between France and Germany have en
® 'led me to give instructions for the with
drawal of the protection extended to Ger
mans in France by the diplomatic and con
*uiar representatives of the United States
in that country. It is just to add that the
delicate duty of this protection has been
Performed by the Minister and Consul
General at Paris and the various Consuls
j n Pra nce, under the supervision of thelat
-fr, with great kindness as well as with
Prudence and tact. Their course has re
vived the commendation of the German
Government, and has wounded no sus
cept.lblllty of the French.
The Government of the Emperor of Ger-
many continues to manifest a friendly feel
ing towards the United States, and a desii j
to harmonize with the moderate and just
policy which this Government maintains
in its relations with Asiatic Powers, as
well as with the South America.. Repub
lics. I have giveu assurances that the
friendly feelings of that Government are
fully shared by the United States.
HUNGARY AND ITALY.
The ratifications of the Consular and
Naturalization Conventions with the
Austro-Hungarians have been exchanged.
I have been officially informed of the an
nexation of the States of the Church to the
kingdom of Italy, and the removal of the
capital of that kingdom to Rome. In con
formity with the established policy of the
U uited States I have recognized this change.
The ratifications of the new treaty of com
merce between the United States "and Italy
have been exchanged. The two Powers
have agreed in this treaty, that private
property at sea shall be exempt from cap
ture in case of war between the two Powers.
The United States has spared no oppor
tunity of incorporating this rule into the
obligation of nations.
CLAIMS AGAINST SPAIN.
The Forty-first Congress, at its third ses
sion, made an appropriation for the organi
zation of a mixed commission for adjudi
cating upon the claims of citizens of the
; United States against Spain, growing out
! <*f the insurrection in Cuba. That commis
s.on has never beeu organized. I transmit
herewith the correspondence relative to its
formation aud its jurisdiction. It is to be
hoped that this commission will afford the
c aioiants a complete remedy for their in
juries.
SPAIN AND THE SOUTH AMERICAN REPUBLICS
It has bec-n made the agreeable duty of
the United States to preside over a confer
ence at Washington between the plenipo
tentiaries of Spain and the allied South
American Republics, which has resulted in
an armistice, with reasonable assurance of
a permanent peace.
UNITED STATES AND RUSSIA.
The intimate friendly relations which
have so long existed between the United
States and Russia continue undisturbed
The visit of the third sou of the Emperor
is a proof that there is no desire oa the
part, of his Government to disturb the cor
diality of those re!a'ions. The hospitable
reception which has been given to' the
Grand Du 1 - e is a proof that on our side we
share the wishesof that Government. The
inexcusable course of the Russian Minis
ter at Washington rendered it necessary to
ask his recall, and to decline to receive
that functionary as a diplomatic represen
tative. It was impossible, with self-respect
or with a just regard to the dignity of the
country, to permit Mr. Catacazy to con
tinue to hold intercourse with this Gov
ernment after his persoual abuse of Gov
ernment officials, and during his persistent
interference by various means with the re
lations between the United States and
other Powers. In accordance with ray
wishes this Government has been relieved
of future intercourse with Mr. Catacazy,
and management of the affairs of the im
perial legation has passed into the hands
of a gentleman entirely unobjectionable.
JAPAN.
With Japan we continued to maintain
intimate relations. The Cabinet of the
Mikado has, since the close of the last ses
sion of Congress, selected citizens of the
United States to serve in affairs of impor
tance in several departments of Govern
ment. I have reason to think this selec
tion is due to an appreciation of the dis
interestedness of the policy which the
United States have, pursued towards Japan.
CHINA.
We desire to continue to maintain this
disinterested and just policy with China as
well as Japan. I'he correspondence trans
mitted herewith shows that there is m*
disposition on the part of this Government
to swerve from its established course.
Tli •: f ORF.AN WAR.
Prompted by a desire to put an end to
the barbarous treatment of our shipwreck
ed sailors on the Corean coast, I instructed
o«r minister at Pekin to endeavor to con
clude a convention with Corea for securing
the safety and humane treatment of such
mariners. Admiral Rogers was instructed
to accompany him with a sufficient force to
protect him in case of need. A small sur
veying party sent out, on leaching the
coast, was treacherously attacked at, a dis
advantage. Ample opportunity was given
for explanation and apology for the insult
—neither came, and a force was then land
ed. After an arduous march over a rug
ged and difficult country, the forts from
which the outrages had been committed
were reduced by a gallant assault, and
were destroyed. Having thus punished
the criminals, and haviug vindicated the
honor of the flag v the expedition returned,
finding it impracticable, under the circum
stances, to conclude the desired conven
tion. I respectfully refer to the correspond
ence relatiug thereto herewith submitted,
and leave the subject for such action as
Congress may see fit to lake.
MEXICO.
The Republic of Mexico has not yet re
pealed the very objectionable laws estab
lishing what is known as the Free Zone on
the frontier of the United States. It is
hoped that this yet mav be done, and also
that more stringent measures may be taken
by that Republic for restraining lawless
persons on its frontier. I hope that Mexi
co by its own action, will soon relieve this
Government of the difficulties experienced
from these causes.
CENTRAL AND SOUTH AMERICA.
Our relations w th the various Republics
of "entra! and South America continue,
with one exception, to be cordial arid
friendly. I recommend some action by
Congress regarding the over due install
ment under 'he award of the Venezuela
Claims Commission of 1666. The internal
dissensions of t his Government present no
justification for the absence of an effort to
meet their solemn treaty obligations. The
ratification of an extradition treaty wi‘h
Nicaragua has been exchanged. It is a
subject of congratulation that the great
empire of Brazil has taken the initiatory
step towards the abolition of slavery Our
relations with that emire, always cordial,
will naturally be made more so bv this act.
It is not too much to hope that the Gov
ernment of Brazil may hereafter find It for
its interests, as well as intrinsically right,
to advance toward emancipation more rap
idly than the present act contemplates.
The true prosperity and greatness of a na
tion is to be found in the elevation aud edu
tion of Its laborers.
SPAIN AND WEST INDIA SLAVERY.
It is a subject for regret that the reforms
in this direction, which were voluntarily
promised by the statesmen of Spain, have
not been carried out in its West India colo
nies The laws and regulations for the ap
parent abolition of slavery in Cuba and
Porto Rico, leave most of the laborers in
bondage, with no hope of release until their
fives become a burden to their employers.
I desire to direct vour attention to the fact
that citizens of the United States, or per
sons claiming to be citizens of the United
States, are large holders in foreign lands
of this species of property, forbidden by
the fundamental law of their alleged coun
try. I recommend to Congress to provide,
by stringent legislation, a snitablc remedy
against the holding, owning or dealing in
slaves, or being interested in slave prop
erty in foreign lands, either as owners,
hirers or mortgagees by citizens of the
United States.
THE CUBAN REVOLUTION.
It, is to be regretted that the disturbed
condition of the Island of Cuba continues
to boa source of annoyance and of anxiety.
The existence of a protracted struggle in
such close proximity to our own territory,
J\.XJGXJBT^ 5 WEDNESDAY MORNIJSIGL DEXEMBEK 6, 1871.
without apparent prospect of an early ter
mination, cannot be other than an object of
concern to a people who, while abstaining
from interference in the affairs of other
Powers, naturally desire to see every
country in the undisturbed enjoyment of
peace, liberty and the blessings of free in
stitutions. Our naval commanders in
Caban waters have been instructed, in case
it should become necessary, to spare no
effort to protect the lives and property of
bona fide American citizens, and to main
tain the dignity of the flag. It is hoped
that all pending questions with Spain,
growing out of the affairs of Cuba, may lie
adjusted in the spirit of peace aud concilia
tion which has hitherto guided the two
Powers in their treatment of such questions.
THE CHINA AND JAPAN MISSIONS.
To give importance and to add to the
efficiency of our diplomatic relations with
Japan and China, and to further aid in re
taining the good opinion of those peoples
and to secure to the United States its share
of the commerce destined to flow between
these nations and the balance of the com
mercial world, I earnestly recommend that
an appropriation be made to support at
least four American youths in each of these
countries to serve as a part of the official
family of our ministers there Our repre
sentatives would not, even then, be placed
upon an equality with the representatives
of Great Britain aud of some other Powers.
As now situated, our representatives in
Japan and China have to depend for inter
preters and translators upon natives of
those countries, who know our language
imperfectly, or procure for the occasion the
service of employees of foreign business
houses, or the interpreters of other foreign
fines. I would also recommend liberal
measures for the purpose of supporting the
American Hues of steamers now plying be
tween San Francieco and Japan aud China,
and the Australian line—almost our only
remaining fines of oceau steamers—and of
increasing their services.
THE NATIONAL FINANCES.
The national debt has been reduced to
the extent of $86,057,126 80 during the
year, and by the negotiation of national
bonds at, a low’er rate of interest, the inter
est on the public debt has been so far
diminished that now the sum raised from
the'interest account is nearly $17,000,000
less than on the Ist of March, 1869. It
was highly desirable that this rapid dimi
nution should take place, both to strength
en the credit of the country, and to con
vince its citizens of their ability to meet
every dollar of liability without bankrupt
ing them.
But in view of the accomplishment of
these desirable ends—of the rapid develop
ment of the resources of the country—-its
increasing ability to meet large demands,
and the am nut already paid, it is not de
sirable that the present resources of the
country should continue to be taxed in
order to contiuue this rapid payment. I,
therefore, recommend a modification of
both the tariff and internal tax !%ws. I
recommend that all taxes from internal
sources be abolished, except those collected
from spirituous, vinous aud malt liquors,
tobacco in its various forms, and from
stamps.
Iu re-adjusting the tariff, 1 suggest that a
careful estimate be made of the amount of
surplus revenue collected tinder the present
laws, after proving for the current expenses
of the Government—the interest account
aud a sinking fund, and that this surplus
be reduced in such a manner as to afford
the greatest relief to the greatest number.—
There are many articles not produced at
home but which enter largely into genera!
consumption, through article which are
manufactured at home, such as medicines
compounded, etc., etc , from which very
little revenue is derived, but which enter
into general use. All such articles I re
commended to be placed on the “fee fist.”—
Should a further reduction prove advisable
I would then recommend that it be made
upon those articles wh'ch can best bear it,
without disturbing home production or re
ducing the wages of American labor.
I have not entered into figures, because
to do so would be to repeat what wifi be
laid before you in the report of the Secre
tary of the Treasury. The present laws for
collecting the revenue pay the collectors of
customs small salaries, but provide for
moiety shares in all seizures, which, at tiie
principal ports of entry particularly, raise
the compensation of these officials .to a
large sum. It has always seemed to me as
if this system must, at times, work per
niciously. It holds out an inducement to
dishonest, men, should such get possession
of these offices, to be lax in their scrutiny
of goods entered in order to enable them
finally to make large seizures. Your at
tention is respectfully invited to this sub
ject.
SPECIE PAYMENTS.
Continued fluctuations in the value of
gold, as compared with the national cur
rency, has a most damaging effect upon the
increase and development ofthe country—
in keeping up prices of all articles necessary*
in every day fife. It fosters a spirit of
gambling prejudicial alike to national mor
als and the national finances. If the ques
tion can be met with how to give a fixed
value to our currency, that value constant
ly and uniformly approaching par with
specie—a very desirable object will be
gained.
TIIF, ARMY.
For the operations of the army in the
past year—the expense of maintaining it—
the estimates for the ensuing year and for
continuing seacoast and other improve
ments conducted by the War Department,
I refer you to the accompanying report of
the Secretary of War. I call your atten
tlon to the provisions of the act of Con
gress approved March 3.1, 1869, which dis
continues promotions In the staff corps of
the army until provided for by law. I re
commend that the number of officers in
each grade in staff corps be fixed, and that
whenever the number in any one grade
falls below the nnmber so fixed, that the
vacancy may be tilled by promotion from
the grade be!ow r . I also recommend that
when the office of Chief of Corps becomes
vacant, the place may bo filled by selection
from the corps in which the vacancy ex
ists.
THE NAVY.
The report of the Secretary of the Navy
shows an improvement in the number and
efficiency of the naval force, without mate
rial increase in the expense of supporting
t. This is due to the policy which has
been adopted and is being extended as fast
as our materia! will admit of using smaller
vessels and cruisers on the several stations.
Bv this means we have been enabled to oc
cupy a larger extent of cruising—to visit
more frequently the posts where the pres
ence of our flag Is desirable, and generally
t,o discharge more ffleientiy the appropri
ate duties of the navy in time of peace,
without exceeding the amount of men or
the expenditure authorized by law.
During the past year the navy has, in ad
dition to its regular service, supplied the
men and officers for the vessels of the coast
survey, and has completed the surveys au
thorized by Congress of the Isthmuses o(
Darien and Tehuantepec, and. under like
authority, has sent, out an expedition com
pletely furnished and equipped, to explore
the unknown ocean of the North. The
suggestions of the report as to the necessi
ty for increasing and improving the mate
riel of the navy, and the plan recommend
ed for reducing the personnel of the service
to a peace standard, by the gradual aboli
tion of certain grades of officers—the re
duction of others, and the employment of
some in the service of the commercial ma
rine, are well considered and deserve the
thoughtful attention of Congress.
I also recommend that all promotions in
the navy above the rank of captain be by
selection instead of seniority. This course
will secure in the higher grades greater
efficiency, and hold out an incentive to
young officers to improve themselves in the
knowledge of their profession. The present
cost of maintaining the navy—its cost coin-
I pared with that of the past year, and the
estimates for the ensuing year—are contain
ed in the accompanying report of the Sec
retary of the Navy.
THE POST OFFICE.
The enlarged receipts of the Post Office
Department, as showu by the accompany
ing report of the Postmaster General, ex
hibit a gratify ing Increase iu that branch
of the public service. It is the index of
the growth of education and of the pros
perity of the people—two elements highly
conducive to the vigor and stability of re
publics with a vast territory like ours,
much of it sparsely populated, but all re
quiring the services of the mail. It is not,
at present, to be. expected that this Depart
ment cau be made self-sustaining, but a
gradual approach to this end, from year to
year, is confidently relied on, and the day
is not far distant when the Post Office De
partment of the Government will prove a
much greater blessing to the whole people
than it is now.
The suggestions of the Postmaster Gen
eral for improvements in the department
presided over by him are earnest ly recom
mended to your special attention.
BUYING UR THE WESTERN UNION.
Especially do I recommend favorable con
sideration of the plan for uniting the tele
graphic system of the United States with
the postal system. It is believed that by
such a course the cost of telegraphing could
be much reduced, and the service as well,
if not better rendered. It would secure
the further advantage of extending the
telegraph through points of ttie country
where private enterprise will not construct
| it. Commerce, trade, and above all, the
effort to bring a people widely separated
into a community of interest are always
benefltted by a rapid intercommunication.
Education, the groundwork of republican
institutions, is encouraged by increasing
the facilities to gather speedy news from all
parts of the country. The desire to reap
the benefit of such improvements wifi
stimulate education. I refer you to the re
port of the Postmaster Genera! for full de
tails of the operations of last year, and for
comparative statements of results with for
mer years.
THE KU KLCX
There has beeu a painful duty imposed
upon the Executive branch of the Govern
ment in the execution of the act of Con
gress, approved Aprii 20, 1871. and com
monly known as the Ku Ivinx law, in a
portion of the State of South Carolina. The
necessity of the course pursued will he de
monstrated bv the report of the committee
to investigate Southern outrages Under
the provisions of the above act, I issued a
proclamation calling the attention of the
people of the United States to the same and
declaring my reluctance to exercise any of
the extraordinary powers thereby conferred
upon me, except in case of imperative duty ;
but making known ray purpose to exercise
such powers whenever it should become
necessary to do so, for the purpose of secur
ing to all citizens of the United States the
peaceful enjoyment of their rights, guaran
teed to them by the Constitution and the
laws.
After the passage of this law, informa
tion was received from time to time that
combinations of the character re'erred to
in this law existed, and were powerful iu
many ofthe Southern States, particularly in
certain counties in the State of South Caro
lina. Careful investigation was made, and
it was ascertained that in nine counties of
that State such combinations were active
and powerful—embracing a large portion
ofthe citizens—to control the local author
ities and having among other things the
object of depriving tiie emancipated class
of the substantial benefits of freedom and
of preventing the free political action of
their own views. Among their operations
were frequent scourgiugs and occasional
assassinations, generally perpetrated at
night bv disguised persons—the victims in
almost all c ases being citizens of different
political sentiments from their own, or freed
persons who had shown the disposition to
claim equal rights with other citizens.—
Thousands of inoffensive and well-disposed
citizens were the sufferers by this lawless
violence.
Thereupon, on the 13th of October, 1871,
a proclamation was issued ingterms of the
law, calling upon the members of those
combinations to disperse within five days,
and to deliver to the marshal, or military
officers of the United States all arms, am
munition, uniforms, disguises and other
means and implements used by them for
carrying out their unlawful purposes.
This warning not having been heeded, on
the 17tli of October another proclamation
was issued, suspending tiie privileges of the
writ of luibcas corpus iu nine counties in
that State. Direction was given that
within the counties so designated persons
supposed, upon cicdible information, to be
members of such unlawful combinations
should he arrested bv the military forces of
the United States and delivered to the mar
shal, to be dealt with according to law.
In two of said counties (York and Spartan
burg) many arrests have been made. At
the last account the number of persons so
arrested was 168. Several hundred whose
criminality was ascertained to he of an in
ferior degree, were released for the present.
These have generally made confessions of
their guilt.
Great caution has been exercised in ma
king these arrests, and notwithstanding
the large number, it is believed that no in
nocent person is now in custody. The
prisoners will be held for regular trial in
the judicial tribunals ofthe United States.
As soon as it appeared that the authori
ties of the United States were about to take
vigorous measures to enforce the law,
many persons absconded, nnd there is good
ground for supposing that all of such per
sons have violated the law. A full report
ot what has been done under this law will
be submitted to Congress by the Attorney
General.
THE MORMONS.
To Utah there still remains a remnant of
barbarism repugnant to civilization, to de
cency and to the laws of the United States.
Efficient officers, however, have been found
who are willing to perform their duty in a
spirit of equity aud with a due sense of
sustaining the majesty of the law. Neither
polygamy, nor any other violation ofexist
i*g statutes, will be permitted within the
territory of the United States. It is not
with the religion of self-styled saints that
we are now dealing, bnt with their prac
tices. They wifi be protected in the wor
ship of God, according to the dictates of
their conscience; but they will not lie per
muted to violate the laws under the cloak of
religion. It may he advisable for Congress
to consider what, in the execution of the
laws against polygamy, is to be the status
of plural wives and their offspring. The
propriety of Congress passing an enabling
act authorizing the Territorial Legislature
of Utah to legitimatize all children born
prior to a time fixed in the act might be
justified in its humanity to these innocent
children. This is a suggestion only, and not
a recommendation.
TIIE INDIANB.
The policy pursued towards the Indians
has resuited favorably so far as can be
judged from the limited time during which
it has been in operation. Through the
exertions of the various secretaries of Chris
tian societies, to whom lias been entrusted
the execution of the policy of the Board of
Commissioners, authorized by the laws of
Apiil 10th, 1869, many tribes of Indians
have been induced to settle on Reservations,
to cultivate the soil, to perform productive
labor of various kinds, and to partially ac
cept civilization. They are being cared for
in such a way, it is hoped, as to induce
those still pursuing their old habits of
strife, to embrace the only opportunity
which is left them to avoid extermination.
1 recommend liberal appropriations to
carry out tiie Indian peace policy, not only
because it, is humane, Christian-like and
economical, bnt because it is right. I re
commend to your favorable consideration,
also, the policy of granting a territorial
government to the Indians in the Indian
Territory west of Arkansas and Missouri,
and south of Kansas. In doing so, every
right guaranteed to the Indians by treaty
should be secured. Such a course might,
in time, be the means of collecting most of
the Indians now between Missouri and
the Pacific, and south of the British Pos
sessions, into ono Territory, or one State.
The Secretary of the Interior has treated
upon this subject at length, and 1 recom
mend to you his suggestions.
TIIE PUBLIC LANDS.
I renew my recommendation that the
public lands bo regarded as a heritage to
our children, to be disposed of only as re
quired for occupation, and to actual set
tlers. Those already granted have been,
in great part, disposed of in such way as to
secure access to the balance by the hardy
settler who may wish to avail h'msclfof
them; but caution s'mild be exercised
even iu obtaining so desirable an end. Ed
ucatlonal interests may well be served by
these grants of the proceeds of the sale of
public lands to settlers, i do not. wish to
be understood as recommending, in the
least degree, the curtailment of what is be
ing done by the General Government for
the encouragement of educa ion.
SECRETARY OF TIIE INTERIOR.
The Report ofthe Secretary of the Inte
rior, submitted with this, will give you all
the information collected and prepared for
publication in regard to the census taken
during the year 1870—the operation of the
Bureau of Education for the year—the Pa
tent Office —the Pension Office—the Land
Office and Indiau Bureau. The report of
the Commissioner of Agriculture gives the
operations of h's department for the year.
As agriculture is the groundwork of our
prosperity, too much importance cannot
be attache 1 to the labors of this depart
ment. It is in the hands of an able head
with 3ble assistance—all zealously devoted
to introducing to the agricultural produc
tions of this nation, aii useful products
adapted to any of the various climates and
soils of our vast territory, and to giving all
useful information as to the method of cul
tivation of the plants, cereals and other
products adapted to particular localities.
Quietly, butsurely.the Agricultural Bureau
is working a great good, and if liberally
supported, the more wideiy its influence
will tie extended and the less dependent we
slid!! be upon tim products of foreign coun
tries. The subject of compensation to the
heads of Bureaux and officials holding posi
tions of responsibility, requiring ability
and character to fill properly, is one to
which your attention ts invited. But few
of the officials receive a compensation equal
to the responsible support of a family,
while their duties are such as to involve
millions of interest. In private life ser
vices demand compensation equal to ser
vices rendered. A wise economy would
dictate the same rule iu the Government
service.
THU OIVAL TEST.
f have not given the estimates for the sup
port of tbe Government for the ensuing year,
nor the comparative statement between the ex
penditures for the year just past and the one
just preceding, because all these figures are
contained in the accompanying reports, or in
those presented directly to Congress. These
estimates have my approve'.
REMOVAL OF DISABILITIES.
More than six years having elapsed since the
lait hostile gun was fired between the armies
thoss arrayed against each other—one for the
perpetuation and the other for the destruction
of the Union, /t may be well considered whether
it is not now time that the disability impossed
by the fourteenth amendment should here
leased. 1 Hat amendment does not include
the biffot, but only imposes the inability to
hold offices upon certain classes. When the pu
rity of the ballot is secure majorities are sure
to elect officers reflecting the views of the
majority. 1 don’t see the advantage or pro
priety of excluding men from office merely
because they were, before lire rebellion, of
standing and character sufficient to be elected
to positions requiring them to take an oath to
support (he Constitution and admitting to
eligiMlity those entertaining precisely the
same views, but of less standing in their eotn
munties. It may be said that the former
violated an oath while the latter did not. The
la!tor did not have din h's power to do so.
If they had taken that oath it cannot be doubtid
they would have broken it, as did the former
cla-s. If there are any great criminals distin
guished a’ ove all others for the part they took
in opposition to the Government they might,
in the judgment oi Congress, bo excluded
from sneb an amnesty. Tula subject is snb
mitte' for your cartful consideration.
tub south in a had fix.
The condition of the Southern States is un
happily not such as all true patriotic citizens
would like to sec. Local ostracism lor opinion’s
sake-personal violence or threats towards
persons entertaining political views opposed
to those entertained by the majority of the old
citizens, presents emigration and the flow of
much needed capital into the States lately in
rebellion. It will be a happy condition of the
country when the old citizens of theso States
will take an interest In public aflairs—promul
gate ideas honestly entertained —voto for men
repressing these views and tolerate the same
freedom of expression aud ballot iu those en
tertaining different political convictions.
DISTRICT ON COLUMR A.
Under the provisions of the act of Congress
approved February 21st, 1871, a territorial gov
ernmcTt was organized in the district of Co
lumbiL Its results thus far have fully realized
the expectations of its advocates. Uudertbc
direction of the Territorial officers a system of
improvements has been inaugtirared by means
of which Washington is rapidly becoming a
city worthy ot the nation’s eap.tal. The citi
zens of the Dist. .ct, having voluntarily taxed
Ihcnrs Ives to a large amount for the purpose
of contributing to the advancement of the seat
of Government, 1 recommend liberal appro
priations on L.e pc t of Congress in order
tl at tiie Government bear its just share of
< xpenses of c*rrying out a judicious system of
improvements.
CHICAGO EIRE.
By the great fire in Chicago the most im
portant of ibe Government buildincs in that
city were consumed. Those burned had al
ready lecame inadequate to the wants of the
Government in that growing city, and looking
to the near future were totally inadequate. I
recommend, therefore, that an appropriation be
made immediately to purchase the remainder
of the rquare on which the burned buildings
stood, provided it can be purchased at a fur
valuation, or provided the Legislature of Uli
nois will pars a taw authorizing its condemna
tion for Government {imposes; and, also, an
appropriation of as ran li money as cau proper
ly be expended towards the erection of new
buildings during this fiscal year.
PROTECTION OF IMMIGRANTS.
The number of immigrants ignorant ot our
laws, habits, etc., coming to our country an
nually has become so great and the impositions
practised upon them so numerous and flagrant
that I sngge t Congressional action tor their
prosecution. It seems to me a fair subject of
legislation by Congress. I cannot now state
as fully as I desire the nature of the complaints
made by immigrants of the treatment they re
ceive, but will endeavor to do so during the
session of Congress, particularly if the sub
ject should receive your attention.
CIVIL SERVICE REFORM.
it has been the aim of the Administration to
enforce honesty and efficiency in all public offi
cers. Every public servant who has violated
the trust placed in him has been proceeded
against with all the vigor of the law. If bad
men havo secured places, it has been the t ult
ot the system established by law and custom
for making appointments, or the fault of those
who recommend lor Government positions
persons not sufficiently well known to them
persou'.lly, or who give letters endorsing the
characters of office-seekers without a proper
sense of the grave responsibility which such a
course devolves upon them. A civil service re
form which can correct this abuse is mneh de
sired.
In mercantile pursuits the business man who
gives a letter ot recommendation to a friend to
enable him to obtain credit from a stranger, is
regarded as morally responsible for the integ
rity of his lriend and hi* ability to meet his ob
ligations. A reformatory law which would en
force this principle against all endorsers of
persons for public places would ensure great
caution in making recommendations. A salu
tary lesson lias been taught the careless and
dishonest public servant in the great number
of poseculions and convictions of the least two
years. It is gratifying to notice the favorable
change which is taking place throughout the
country in bringing to punishment those w'ho
have proven recreant to the trusts confided to
them, aud elevating to public office uone but
those who possess the confidence of the honest
and virtuous, who, it will always be found,
comprise the majority of the community in
which they live.
In my message to Congress* oue year ago, I
urgently recommended a refrom in the civil
service of the country. In conformity with
that reconimeudatiou Congress, in the ninth
eectiou ot the act making appropriations for
sundry civil expresses of the Government, aud
for other purposes, approved March 3, 1871,
gave the necessary authority to the Executive
to inaugurate a civil service reform, and placed
upon him the responsibility of doing so.
Under the authority of said act I convened
aboard of gentlemen eminently qualified for
the work} to devise rules and regulations to ef
fect the ti eded refrom. Their labors are not
y t complete, but is believed that they will em
ceed in devising a plan which can be adopted
to the great relief of the Executive, the heads
of departments and members of Cougress, and
which will redound to the true interest of pub
lic services. At all events the experiment shall
have a fair trial.
I have thus hastily summed up the operat ions
of the Government duriug the lost year, and
made such suggestions as occur to me to be
proper for your consideration, i submit them
with confidence that your combiued action will
be wise, statesman like and in tiie best interest
of the whole country.
U. 8. Grant.
Executive Mansion, December 4, 1871.
BANKS & BROKERS.
TREASURY - DEPARTMENT, i
Office of Comptroller of the Currency, >
Washington, 10. h c-i Auj,u t, 1-71. 3
w HERE AS, by satisfactory evidence pic
sented to the undersigned, it has been made, to
appear that “lIIE NATIONAL EXCHANGE
BANK OF AUGUSTA,” m the City of Au
gusta, ia the County of Richmond, and Stite of
Georgia, lias been duly organized under and
according to the requirements ot the Act of
Congress, entitled “An Act to provide a Na
tional Currency, secured by •'ledge of United
States Bonds, and to provide for the circula
tion and redemptiou tbereol,” approved June
3d, 1864, aud hib complied with all the provi
sions of said Act, required to be complied with
before commencing the busituss of Banking
tinder said Act.
Now, therefore, I, John Jay Knox, Acting
Comptroller of tiie Currency, do hereby cer
tify that “ THE NATIONAL EXCHANGE
BANK OF AUGUSTA,” in the City of Au
gusta, iu the County of Richmond, and B<ate
of Georgia, is anthoiized to commence the
business of Banking under the Act aforesaid.
Iu testimony whereof, witness my
j l. s. ? hand and seal of office, this 10th day
of August, 1871.
JOHN -IAY KNOX,
Acting Comptroller Currency.
No. 1,r.69. sep2B 60
National Exchange Bank,
AUGUSTA GEORGIA.
JOHN CRAIG .. ...Cashier.
ALFRED BAKER President.
Capital - - $250,000.
DIUKCTORH.
Wm. S. Roberts, of Roberts, Morris A Shivers,
lIEMtY F. Russetx, of Russell A Potter.
Joseph C. Faroo, ot McCord A Fargo.
An am Johnston, of Richmond Factory.
James W. Bones, of Bones, Brown & Cos.
John M. Clark, ot John M. Clark A Cos.
Geo. H. Sibley, of .Tosiah Sibley A Sons.
Chas. A. Rowland, of Stovall A Rowland.
W. Hale Barrett, of Parrott, Land A Cos.
Alfred Baker.
John Ckaio.
THIS BANK is now prepared to offer its
services to Banks, Bankers and individuals
generally who may have any transactions in
this city ami section of country.
The business ol our institution is that ot
dealing in Foreign and Domestic Exchanges,
tnak ng collections on all accessible points,
and doing a general Banking business.
Our facilities for the transaction of any busi
ness entrusted to us are such that wo shall be
able to give satisfaction to all who may con
fide their interests to our care. sepSO-tf
MATIOAIAI.
BANK OF AUGUSTA
AUGUSTA, GA.
W. E Jackson, Pres’t G. M. Thbw, Cashier
A. C. Beane, Assist’tCashier.
Capital - - - - $500,000.
Surpfui - 400,000
Gold and Currency Received on Deposit *
lan7-lv
JOHN J. COHEN. | PHILIP L. COHEN
JOHN JAY COHEN.
JOHN J. COHEN & SONS,
BANKERS AND BROKERS,
Bank of Exchange anti Deposit.
Hav ING provided ourselves with a tirst
ciass Herring’s Burglar and Fire Proot Safe
md Vault, we are now prepared to do General
Banking and Deposit Business.
We allow INTEREST ON DEPOSITS by
special agreement.
FOREIGN EXCHANGE sold on England,
Ireland, Scotland, France and Germany.
We BUY and SELL EXCHANGE on New
York, Charleston and Savannah at current
rates.
COLLECTIONS promptly attended to.
REVENUE STAMPS FOR SALE.
STOCKS, BONDS and SECURITIES bought
and sold on commission.
NEW YORK CORRESPONDENT, NATION
AL PARK BANK.
feb‘Js-ly
HOUSTON & PARROTT,
DEALERS IN
Groceries, Wines Liqnors, &c.
No. 366 BUOAI) STREET,
w ILL continue to keep Jon hand's full
upply of everything incur jline.
sepfi-tf
BRUNSWICK PAINT.
R. P. HINDS has returned, and is pre
pared to make contracts to repair and paint
Tin and Metal Roofs with his celebrated
BRUNSWICK PAINT.
It has been used in this city and elsewhere
for the last five years, and there is no instance
where it has not given entire satisfaction, and
GUARANTEES TO MAKE ALL ROOFS
TIGHT, ANI) FREE FROM LEAKS,
when other remedies have been tried and
failed.
Office at No. 17 Mclntosh street, with Mr. J.
Damfokth. dec3 6«
GROCERIES.
In Stock and Arriving.
Bacon aud Dry Salt Meaty,
CofToo of all grades
Sugars, all grades
Pish, all sized packages
New Orleans Syrups
Refitted andOoutmon Syrups
Molasse.s Reboiled
Molasses, Cuba
Salt, fine, sacks
Bagging, all qualities
Ties, best Arrow
Flour, In sacks
Flour, in barrels
Flour, choicest quality
AND A FULL LINE OF
FAMILY GROCERIES.
ALL AT LOWEST PRICES.
Staples & Reab,
novl-tf STS BROAD STREET.
E. 4 DOZIER. W. K. WALTON.
DOZIER & WALTON,
GROCK RS
AND
(ieneral (oiniuissiou Merchants
Xn PRODUCE, BAGGING, SALT, GRAIN,
HAY, Etc, No. 169 BROAD STREET, have
on hand and to arrive :
80 Casks C. R. BIDES
20 Hilda. BACON SHOULDERS
30 Tierces LEAF LARD
60 Kegs LEAF LARD
150 Bbls. Refined SUGARS
10 Hbds. Porto Rico SUGARS
10 Bbls. New Orleans MOLASSES
100 Bble. New York MOLASSES
25 Bbls. SYRUP
50 Boxes TOBACCO, Assorted Brands
10 Cases SMOKING TOBACCO, Assorted
Brands
30 Jars SNUFF
20 Bags Java COFFEE
20 Bags I.sguayra COFFEE
75 Bags Rio COFFEE
75 Rolls Heavy BAGGING
100 Bbls. Family FLOUR
25 Caddies TEA, Assorted
15 Kegs Goshen BUTTER
20 Boxes CHEESE
12 Tierces RIOF.
80 Boxes STARCH
100 Boxes 80AP, Assorted
58 Boxes SODA
25 Boxes Con. LYE and POTASH
250 Sacks Liverpool SALT
40 Bbls. Choice WHISKIES,some ve, a
old
10 Bbls. Choice BRANDIES, difieriL
brands
5 Casks WINES, different brands
Aud will keep constantly on hand a Full As
sortment of TUBS, BROOMS, SPICES, GIN
GER, CLOVES, PEPPER, etc.
For sale by
DOZIKR Jfc WALTON,
auglO-d&cU 269 Broad Street.
Th« Great Medical Discovery 1
D WALKER’S CALIFORNIA^,
VINEGAR BITTERS,
KOI? FEMALE COMPLAINTS, whether... y.-tms
married <>r single, at the dawn of womanhood or ot the tnrn . t
theee ■'•outc Bilterß have uo equal. sjf~ send for a circular.
Hundreds of Thousands
Bear testimony to their Wonder
ful Curative Effects.
WHAT ARE THEY?
THEY ARE NOT A VILE
FANCY DRINK.
Ma-ie ol I'ooi* Bum, \\ hlsliey, l*root
Spirits nml Rol'uho l.iiiuuri doctored,spiced
nod sweetened to please thu taste, called “ Ton
ics, ’*“ Appetizers,’* •* Restorers,” ao., that lead
the tippler on to drunkenness and ruin, but are
a true Medicine,made from the Native Roots and
Herbs of California, 1> >e from nil Alcoholic
Stimulants. They arc thoGUEAT BLOOD
I*l RIFIF.It nud LIFE GIVING I’RIN
('IPI.E a perfect Renovator and Invlgorator of
the System, carrying off all poisonous matter and
restoring the blood to a healthy condition. . No
pet son can take these fitters according to <itrec-‘
tlon and remain long unwell.
For Intlttmin 2i tory mid Chronic Hocu
mntism nod Gout, Dyspepsia or lndi
gestiou, Bilious, Remittent and tutor,
niittcnt Fevers, Diseases of the Blood,
Liver, Kidneys, and Bladder, these Bit
tern have been most successful. Such Dis
ease* are caused by Vitiated Blood, wtileb
Is generally produced by derangement of tb-
Dtgestive Organs.
DYSPEPSIA OR INDIGESTION.
Headache. Pain In tlie Shoulders, Coughs, Tight
ne»sof the Chest, Dizziness, Sour Eructations of
the Stomach, Bad taste In the Mouth Billons At
tacks, Palpitation of the Heart, Inflammation of
the Lungs,Pain a, the regions of tho Kidneys, and
a hundred other painful symptoms, are the off
springs of Dyspepsia.
They Invigorate the Stomach and stimulate the
torpid liver anil bowels, which render them of un
equalled efficacy In cleansing tho blood of all
Impurities, and Imparting new life and vigor to
the whole system.
FOR SKIN DISEASES, Eruptions,Tetter,
Balt Rheum, Blotches, Spots, Pimples, Pustules.
Bolls, Carbuncle*, lUng-AVorms, Bcald-Head, Sore
Eyes, Erysipelas, Itch, Scarfs, Discolorations of
the Skin, Humors and Diseases of the Skin, of
whatever name or nature, are literally dug up
and carried out of tho system In a short time by
the use of these Bitters. One bottle In such
cases will convince the most lncredulon9 of Jhelr
enrati ve effec ts. tg
Cleanse the VP ated Blood whenever you And
Its Impurities bursting through the skin In Pim
ples, Eruptions or Bores; cleanse It when you
find it obstructed and sluggish In the veins;
cleanse It when It Is foul, and your feelings will
tell you when. Keep the blood pure and tlie
Vaßh of the system will follow.
PIN, TAPE and ether WORVIS, lurking In
the system of so many thousands, are effectually
destroyed and removed. For full directions, read
carefully the circular around each bottle.
J. WALKER, Proprietor. R. R. MoDONALD *
t (>., Druggists and Gen. Agents, San Francisco,
i al„ and 31 and 31 Commerce Btreet. New York.
BOLD BY ALL DRUGGISTS AND DEALERS.
dec 28-dtctjan2o
Clad That lie’s Come Back.
H. VV. MORAN, UPHOI.BTEKER, doee
his work in style. Orders left at Globe Hotel,
or No. 1 Warren Block, will meet with prompt
attention. novß6 3*
VOL. 28-3SIO 260
E. G. ROGERS. O. V. REORAAF
ROGERS & DEGRAAF,
Furniture Dealers,
141, 143 and 145 Broad Street.
w E have now in store a very large and
elegant-stock ol
NEW GOODS,
which we will beJjpleAged to show to all wlo
favo* us with a call.
sep2l-Bin
FULLERTON'S STOVE HOUSE
Next Door to Telegraph Office.
The Chief Cook Stove
S'-
Buy the CHIEF COOK STOVE, if you want
v Superior Baking Stove.
Buy the CHIEF COOK, if you want a Du
rable Stove.
Buy tbe CHIEF COOK, for it will n«t burn
through, so as to let the ashes fall into the oven.
Buy tbe CHIEF COOK, for it is finished in
first class order —doors lined wkl tin and
-dgesground smooth.
Buy the CHIEF COOK, lor it has proved
itself a Superior Bak-er, and is in use by hun
dreds ol families in Richmond, Burke, Jeffer
son, Edgefield, Barnwell and adjacent counties.
Sold only by
D. L. FULLERTON,
AUGUSTA, GA.
Prices for CHIEF COOK STOVE: No. 7,
*35 ; No. 8, *4O; No. 9, *45, with the outfit.
Seud money by express, aud Stove will be
forwarded as directed.
Assortment of STOVES always on hand, at
prices ranging from *ls to *IOO.
apls-d»cly
RAFFLE.
.A. •SPLENDID 7 Octave PIANo. One
hundred chances at *5 per chance.
ALSO,
A FLORENCE SEWING MACHINE, with
latest improvements Fitty chauccs at f‘J per
chance.
Raffia (lor tlie benefit of the Catholic Pat
sonage, now in course of erection) to take
place at Masonic Hall during the Fair, com
mencing on the 11th of December.
The Piano and Sewing Machine can be seen
at H. C. Barrow’s, on Mclntosh street, where
list can be found,
novlfi-tdecll
PLATT BROTHERS
Have received their
FALL STOCK OH’
New Furniture,
And are opening it daily for inspection. It
comprises all of the
LATEST STYLES AND PATTERNS
OF
Parlor, Chamber, IMuliie: Hoorn anil
Office
FURNITURE,
And eonsists of
EVKIIV ARTICLE OF EUR NIT CUE
REQUIRED
To Furnish a Houso or Office Complete.
All of which wc offer at
Prices Lower thaii Ever Offered
before. Call and examine at onr Ware Rooms,
aia AND 414 BROAD STREET,
AUGUSTA. GA.
jy 12-0c125-dcAt Wm
They nren Gentle Purgative us well ns u Tonic, po«r«r»w.
Jnjc ,il*o. the peculiar merit 01 acting a? a powerfn! agent in relieving
Congestion or i aflauimation of the Liver, and all the Visceral Organa
PHYSICIANS
JDeSIKOUS of obtaninff PUKE MEDI
CINES and PHARMACEUTICAL PREPA
RATIONS, ACCURATELY PREPARED, at
LOWEST PRICES, will find it to their inter
est to call or send their orders to the old estab
lit-hed Druff Store of
EDWARD BARRY A CO.,
LMM) Broad street.
NEW ARRIVALS
At the Dollar Store! Dollar Store ! !
New and handsome Goods, ol the latest
importations, received and now open for in
spection. A visit to our Store wili be profit
able to those looking for Bargains.
M. LEVY,
307 Broad street, under the Planters’ Hotel.
novßo-2w
GRAPE VINES.
-THE SUBSCRIBER, having givtp much
attention to those varieties of the GRAPE
best adapted to the climate and soil ot the
States of Georgia, Tennessee and the Caro
lina*, now offers for sale selected cuttings of
ALLEN’S HYBRID
CONCORD ISRAEI.LA
IONA, DELAWARE
ROGERS Nos. 1,4, 18, 19, lLi, 30
WALTER, DIANA
REBECCA, ADIROND4C.
These arc all new, native productions, exhi
biting the splendid advance in the GRAPE
CULTURE of the last ten years, and most ol
thorn well adapted for successful culture in the
above named States and vicinity. They will
be sent, properly packed, by mail or by ex
press, a doe proportion of each, or as may b
ordered, with lull directions for starling them,
at the price of »5 per hundred, or *ls tor
five hundred.
They may he set at any time after Ist No
▼ember, until the ground is frozen, or they
may be buried this fail and set in April. Or
ders may be sent by mail.
JAMES R. COX,
uovß-l.iwtilei‘-J5 Auburn, New York,