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' >l,l S„u, ,--.Vol. ‘25. No. 122,
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THE CONSTITUTIONALIST
TUESDAY, May 11, 1875.
FROM WASHINGTON.
Another Newspaper.
Washington, May 9. —The printers
who recently struck at the Daily Chron
icle office are making arrengemeuts to
publish a daily morning newspaper,
having purchased material for the pur
pose. They have substantial support
from tiie Printers’ Union, the Book
binders’ and Pressmens’ Unions, and
several other inlluent ial trade associa
tions.
Attorney General Pterrepont—Court
of Claims.
Fierrepout assumes the Attorney
Generalship this week.
The session of the Court of Claims
will be prolonged to the first of June.
Congress has referred many important
eases to this court.
Our Postal Kates With Foreign Coun
tries.
The following important order was
signed by the Postmaster General yes
terday, and will be issued b}- circulars
to all postmasters to-morrow ;
Post Office Department, i
Washington, May 8, 1875. ]
The treaty concerning the formation
of a general postal union, concluded at
Berne, October 9, 1874, between the
United States of •America, Germany,
Austro Hungary, Belgium, Denmark,
Egypt, Spain, France, Great Britain,
Greece, Italy, Luxemburg, Noiway, j
the Netherlands, Poreugal, Roumania,
Russia, Servia, Sweden, Switzerland
and 1 in key, having been duly ratilled
b. the United States, bn the Bt.h
day of March, 1875, and the laliti
eations thereof by the several eou
t lusting Slates having been duly
exchanged at Berne, Switzerland, on
the third day of May, 1975, it is hereby
< ordered that the uniform Union rates
of postage to be levied and collected
in the United States on correspondence
to and from the whole extent of the
Postal Union, embracing the above
named countries without distinction,
shall boas follows.
1. For prepared letters 5 cents per
15 grammes.
2. For unpaid letters If) cents per 15
grammes.
3. For postal cards 2 cents each.
4. For newspapers, if not over four
ounce’s in weight 2 cents each.
5 Fur other printed matter samples,
of merchandise and all articles other
than newspapers enumerated in article
four of the treaty, 2 cents per eacli
weight of two ounces or fraction
thereof.
0. For the registration fee on all
correspondence 8 cents.
7. No fee will be charged for a re
turn receipt in cases where a receipt,
from the addressee is requested.
8. No additional tax will be collected
in the United States on the correspond
ence forwarded within the Union by
sea, on routes of more than 300 nauti
cal miles in length.
9. As regards the amounts to be paid
for the territorial transit, according to
article 10 of the treaty, the United
States claims for herself, whenever the
vigilt of transit guaranteed by that ar
ticle is exercised, even as regards her
transit lines of over 750 kilometers,
and excepting only her great overland
railway lines between the Atlantic and
Pacific expressly reserved as continuing
to form the object of special arrange
ments with the post offices interested,
the minimum rate of two francs per
kilogramme of let ters, and twenty-tive
centimes per kilogramme of printed
matter, etc., and is ready by increas
ing the transit rates as permitted to
four francs and fifty centimes respec
tively, to meet the wishes of those de
partments of the Union which make
the same declaration in regard to the
United States transit correspondence.
10. The freedom of transit of cor
respondence in closed mails, recipro
cally granted in the existing postal
convention between the United States
and Switzerland, will be maintained.
11. The Union rates of postage here
inbefore prescribed will be levied and
collected on and after July Ist, 1875,
~ u the correspondence to and from all
tiit? contracting States, except France,
and on and after January Ist, 1876, on
the correspondence to and from France.
(Signed) Marshall Jewell, *
Post, in a s ter Gen eral.
Centennial Works of Art—Report of
the Department of Agriculture on
the Condition of Winter Wheat.
Washington, May 10.—Works of art
by Americans who may wish to exhibit
u r. the Centennial will be brought home
by national vessels returning. Several
u ihose vessels will leave Europe next
Winter.
During the past week the condition l
of Winter wheat in 330 counties has <
been repotted to the Department of !
Agriculture. About 300 counties of i
valleys of the Ohio and Missouri
are represented, which last year
produced (seventy million bushels of
.winter wheat, or 00 per cent, of the
• product of seven States from Ohio to
VbLansas. The average of condition in
these States is 63 per cent., Indicating
’v live-eights of a full crop, no itn
ou * 'merit occurs. In Kentucky, 75
proV ,nt ! Ohio, 57 ; Michigan, 62 ; In-
b el Ll ‘ . Illinois, 03 ; Missuri, 59 :
Kansas 87, u' ou 8 h onl y thirty-two
1 mtV.*s in the State are repre-
The condition is better tu
Pennsylvania. Maryland and V,r
--i-i tbou-dt below an average. A
few wheat counties in New York make
extremely unfavorable returns.
The proportion to bo replanted in
other crops averages 14 per cent, m the
West, or 1,260,000 acres in a breadth of
9 000,000 acres seeded.
The largest proportion is 27 per cent,
in Missouri ; Illinois, 23 , Kansas and
Indiana, 11 ; Michigan and Ohio, 10 ;
Kentucky, 4. Very little replanting tu
the Middle States except in New York.
The women of Meridien, Conn., have
been buying thirty-yard spools of sew
ing silk that were marked 100 yards,
and the villain who went around de
luding them is still at large.
♦ J J J*
MMIIPJIMIJfIt!
PARTICULARS OF THE TERRI
BLE OCEAN DISASTER!
LIST OF THE LOST!
Only One Woman Saved !
The Body of Mr. George G.
Leonhardl Washed Ashore.
THREE HUNDRED AND ELEVEN LIVES
LOST!
The Last Voice Heard on the
Doomed Ship That of
a Little Child !
| Yesterday's Extra -First Edition. 10 a. m.]
New York, May 9th, 1875. —A cable
dispatch, received by the agents of the
Eagle Lino of oeeuu steamers this
morniug, gives the following corrected
list of the passengers so far as known
to be saved from the wreck of the
steamship Schiller :
Passengers Waved.
Leo Weste, Henry Sterns, John
Joeus, Mrs. Joens, Jean Rink. S. Hex
ter, C. Frahrn, Carl Kuhn, Marcus
Poinitzer, R. Schellenburg, G. Jansen,
Ludwig Reiderer, Charles Henry Percy,
Richard Williams, Joseph Legeiior.
The latter named person the agents
state is not in their list of passengers.
London, May 9—Evening.—Forty
threo of the survivors of the crew and
passengers of the steamer Schiller have
arrived at Penzance. Of these, thirty
three have gone to Plymouth, the re
maining ten being too ill to be moved.
Additional Particulars.
The following additional particulars
of the disaster have been received:
A heavy fog had prevented observa
tions on board the Schiller since Tues
day, and in consequence of this fog the
engines were put at half speed, and
sail was reduced at 9 o’clock Friday
night. At 10 o’clock Ike same night
the
Ship Struck the Ledge.
A great panic prevailed. Captain
Thomas is highly praised for Uis con
duct during the terrible scenes which
followed. Two boats were filled with
men who refused to cornu out. The
Captain fired his revolver over their
heads to drive them out and then
Fired at Them,
but without effect. Afterwards the
ship was washed with her broadside to
the sea and all on board
These Boats Perished.
The tackle at the stern was released
too soon, leaving the boats suspended
by the bows. Three boats then got
away. One of them,
A Life Boat,
was so badly injured that she sunk and
eleven of the people on board of her
were rescued by the other boats.
The Fog Lifted
an hour after the steamer struck, and
the light! were plainly visible.
Two of the boats on the steamer were
crushed by tin* falling of the funnel.
Rockets and Guns
were fired from the steamer until the
powder became wet. The deck house,
crowded with people,
Was Swept Away
at 2a. nt. The Captain gathered some
of tlie survivors on the bridge but all
were gradually swept away by the flood
tide, which took the doctor and the
Captain Last.
The rigging, which remained above
water, was crowded with the passen
gers and crew all night. The main
mast, fell at 7:30 a. m., and being of
iron, sunk with all who had taken re
fuge on it. The foremast gave way
soon afterwards. Eife belts and debris
of the breaking wreck saved the lives
of some who
Drifted Miles Aw ay.
One man was rescued after being
In the Water Ten Hours.
Two boats from St. Agnes, an island of
the Sclily group, arrived a short time
before the masts fell. They' were una
ble to approach the steamer on account
of the shoals, but picked up
Stragglers in the Water.
The passengers say that Captain
Thomas left the bridge at 3 a. in., to
assist those on the deck, and when he
reached the deck he was swept away
by a heavy sea. All concur in sayiug
that
Tlie Bcliiller Captain
exercised the greatest care and was
not abed for five nights previous to the
disaster. The sea began to break over
tlie vessel half an hour after she
struck, and the tide rose twenty-five
feet before daybreak.
Only One Woman
was saved. The survivors landed at
Trescow, who had escaped In the Schil
ler’s own boats.
Still Later Particulars by
Cable !
[ Yesterday’s Extra—Second Edition, 2 p. m.]
London, May 9. —All day long de
tails of the Schiller disaster have been
coming in. Unfortunately no more per
sons are reported to be saved. Bodies
are constantly being picked up.
Among the Bodies Recovered,
are those of Mr. Geo. Leouhardt,
Air. Carl Schmodt, Mrs. Reiderer
and child, Mrs. Becker, Mrs. Ridgeway,
and Mrs. Hernmine West; unidentified,
five men, five women and two children.
Altogether 24 bodies have been found.
The total number of
Lives Lost
is three hundred and eleven.—
Mr. Poleman, second officer of the
Schiller, and Henry Stein, and Mr.
Frabm, cabin-class passengers, have
been interviewed..
Survivors’ Story.
From their narratives we learn that
tho voyage was moderately good until
the 4th of May. Tho last three days
it was impossible to take observations.
The ship was out of hor course half a
mile at the time of the catastrophe.
Capt. Thomas was on deck night
and day for four entire days. At 7
o’clock on the evening of the 7th there
was a
Dense Fog,
sails were taken in, engines put ou half
speed and the fog bells used. Bishop’s
Light was unseen though only half a
mile distant. At 10 o’clock we
Struck on the Reef,
and after four bumps the steamer set-
AUGUSTA., QA„ TUESDAY MORNING. MAY 11. 1875.
tied down. There was a violent sea
and the tide was rising. The darkness
was intense. Most of the male pas
sengers were awake, and there was the
usual
Rush for tlie Boats,
but nearly all the boats were stoved in.
One boat, with a few
Bailors Left
the ship, these seamen cowardlyre
fusing their aid in the terrible dis
tress. Two boats were saved. Tlie
captain endeavored to compel obodi
ence by firing his revolver over their
heads. During two hours six cannon
shots were fired, when the powder be
came dampened. Distress signal rock
ets and bltio lights were unanswered.
At midnight the fog lifted, in a minute
revealing the light house. The waves
were sweeping the docks and
Carrying Away Victims.
At two o’clock the deck house, in which
were the women and children, was
swept away.
The Cries and Shrieks
of the victims were heartrending. Then
followed a ghastly silence. The smoke
stack fell, crushing some of the boats,
and two others were carried away.
The remaining passengers and crew
followed the Captain to the forward
bridge. Each succeeding wave took
Fresh Victims.
Some persons sought refuge on the
mainmast and some on tlie foremast.
At three o’clock tlie Captain and two
other officers were on the bridge. The
Captain descended for a moment to
render assistance, and was swept away.
"‘Thus
Perished a Brave Man,”
says Mr. Stern. At this time about
ten persons were dinging to the rig
ging of the mainmast, and thirty to
that of the foremast.
The ship had careened, her yards
touching water and t he
Tide Was Rising.
At five o’clock tlie fog lifted. The sur
vivors shouted but their cries wo una
vailing. At seven o’clock the main
mast and at a quarter to eight the fore
mast, both of iron, fell. Then two of
the St. Agnes boats came and
Rescued a Few
who managed to keep a float..
It was reported yesterday there were
One Hundred and Three Women
on hoard. The survivors were taken
to-day from Perzance to Plymouth,
whence they will be sent forward to
Hamburg, where tiie greatest excite
ment prevails. It is ascertained that
Life-Saving Beits
were issued to the women. It is cer
tain that most of the passengers found
none. An order was given that the
first, boat should take women and cjiil
dren. This
Boat Capsized.
Mr. Poleman says seven boats were
launched and only two lived. The
others were strived in and swamped
immediately. Cries for help lasted un
til three o’clock.
The Last Voice
hoard was that of a little child in the
cabin. It is noi probable the boats
could have lived, even if they had been
successfully filled. The whole
Number Saved
is 44. Forty bodies have been recover
ed. Mr. Dorrien Smith, of the Hcilly
Islands, writes to the London Times
that many additional lives were lost
because the guns and rockets tired from
Schiller were thought to be merely or
dinary signals of arrival which have
frequently boon the cause of false
alarms. Among the bodies rescued
and
Already Identified
are those of George Leouhardt, Rowne
Iwerchue, Andre Peterson, C. Schmidt.
Mrs. Reiderer and daughter, and Mrs
Becker, Mrs. Ridgeway and Mrs. West.
Fifty Corpses
froo i the Schiller have come ashore or
been landed atfSt. Mary’s alone. The
dead are
Much Mutilated.
Fifty mail bags, Including 27 from
Nev. : Zealand, were saved from the
Schiller. The steamer,) Pommerania,
sailed from Plymouth during the night,
for Hamburg, without taking any of
the* survivors of the Schiller. The
statement, made by the
Officers of the Schiller
add nothing to the particulars already
telegraphed. All accounts agree that
the panic, which followed the striking
of the ship, was
Heartrending and Terrible
beyond description!
Every Woman Had a Life Belt.
London, May 10. —The sea is too
hotnvy to-day for boats to approach the
wreck of the steamship Schiller. No
flouting salvage of any importance has
yet been recovered. Fishermen report
tha.t tiie Schiller is firmly settled on a
rock, and will not fall off into deep
water. Although it is difficult to ap
proach the wreck now, there will he
many days in the Summer when sal
vage may be effected. There was a
life belt in every one of the Schiller’s
berths when the disaster occurred.
Thii Captain issued orders that one
should be fastened to every woman.
This was done, but the women were
drowned by the heavy sea.
The Roll of Georgia’s Dead.
[Macon Telegraph, 9th.)
Atno.ug the passengers on the ill
fated steamer Schiller were Mr.
Herman Spritz, of Macon, lately
clerk with V. Kahn, Messrs. M.
Harrison and A. Waterman, of Haw
kinsville, and M. Cohen, of the firm of
Eiehberg & Cohen, of Montezuma.—
Wliile we have no definite news of the
loss of these gentlemen, there are tho
gravest reasons to apprehend that they
went down with the multitude. All of
them are well known in Macon. Mr.
Cohen Lead about, determined to aban
don the trip, but his mind was made
up by receiving intelligence that his
mother was about to die. Mr. Maurice
Harrison wont to Germany last year,
and while there engaged himself to a
young lady. He had built himself a
snug homo in Hawkinsville, and was on
his way to the fatherland to bring his
bride. The others were simply going
to visit their friends in the old couutry.
Sporting News.
Lexington, Ky., May 10. —Tlie races
over Kentucky Association course were
very largely attended. The sport was
excellent, although the track was very
heavy, owing to rains of the night be
fore. First race: Tembroeck 1, Bill
Bruce 2, Gold mire, 3; time, 2:11%.
Second race : Monmouth 1, Bitr Fellow
%, Excel 3 ; time, 3:00%. Third race :
Aaron Penniugtou 1, Misfortuno 2,
Elenor 3; time, 1:55%.
The first, race was* for the Phoenix
Hotel stakes, for three year olds, dis
tance one mile and one-eighth. The
second race, for the post sweepstakes,
for all ages, distauce one mile and a
half. The third race was a dash of a
mile.
THE LOUISIANA ARBITRATION.
Mr. Wheeler, of tlie Committee, Ven
tilates its -Action.
New York, May 10. —Mr. Wheeler, of
tho Congressional Louisiana Commit
tee, in a letter to tho Times in relation
to the adjustment of the differences in
that State effected under tiie award of
that committee, says : There is a class
of people who scorn to have expected
that tho adjustment was to inaugurate
a political milleuiutn in Louisiana;
that henceforth that State was to be
wholly free from tho friction which at
tends the workings of political parties
elsewhere. This class will probably
pronounce the adjustment a failure,
for undoubtedly party warfare will
continuo to be waged in Louisiana very
much as it is New York and other
States of the Union. She will have
her dishonest officials and corrupt leg
islation as other States have, and sho
will for years to come stagger along
under tho load of her accumulated
financial burdens, and her obligations
may at times go to protest. Louis
iana, from her existence as a Stato, has
had an exceptionally stormy record.
This condition of things, arising from
diversity of races and character in the
State, with almost unavoidable dis
turbances growing out of war, and the
upheaval of tlie very foundations of
labor and society, is not to bo changed
in a day by any one act,, however po
tent or beneficial. Nevertheless, I
firmly believo that even Louisiana lias
at last caught inspiration from the
new order of things, and that, exhaust
ed as she is with tumult and violence,
yet, with just government and educa
tion of her people—tho last just now her
greatest need—she will, with steady bu t
slow pace, emerge from what seemed
to bo hor utterly hopeless condition.
There is another class who will regard
tlie adjustment as a failure : those who
sought in It simply partisan advan
tages. Without arrogating anything
for the gentlemen who composed tlie
late Congressional Committee on South
ern Affairs, I think I may safely claim
for them, that they are not of this
class. Regarding all allegations thut
ono of the provisions of the adjustment
has already been violated by the Dem
ocrats, Wheeler says he cannot sub
scribe to The truth of this allegation.
The arbitrators had nothing to do but
to pass upon the claims of the mem
bers and Senators who should have
signed the agreement. Of course, the
award could affect no one else. It was
merely advisory to the Republican
members of the General Assembly. It
could not and dkl not seek directly to
interfere with tlie rights of members
then setting and who had certificates
of the Returning Board, but whose
seats were claimed by Democrats.—
After the Democrats left the House on
the 4th of January and some time du
ring the Winter session the Republi
cans unseated four Democratic mem
bers wiio held certificates of tiie Re
turning Board, and whose names were
on tlie list of members used by the Re
publican clerk at the attempted orga
nization in January. No one of these,
four Democrats who were re-seated at
Urn recent extra session of tlie Legis
lature, of which complaint is made, was
a party to the articles of adjustment..
No one can he found In Louisiana to
assert that at the time these four
Democrats were unseated there was a
quorum of the House present. So
these four Democrats had never been
legally deprived of their seats, but. it is
replied by those who impute had faith
to Democrats that the agreement eon
tains this provision:
“The House of Representatives, as
to its members as constituted under
the award, shall remain without change,
except by resignation or death of mem
bers, until a now general election.”
And this condition has been violated.
The Democrats never questioned the
action of the Returning Board, except
in the cases referred to the committee.
They were willing, with these excep
tions, to abide by it. My understand
ing of the above provision is that the
House of Representatives was to be as
returned by tlie Returning Board, after
tho errors of that board had been cor
rected in cases specified iu the agree
ment by the award of the committee,
and its adoption by the House of Re
presentatives. The parties to the agree
ment, having made no stipulation in
the cases, cannot be fairly asked to de
prive these four members of seats,
to which they had been declared
elected by the Returning Board, and of
which less than a majority of the mem
bers of tlie House of Representatives
had attempted to deprive them. These
four men, being legally entitled to their
seats, having done nothing to’forfeit
them, their reinstatement was an act
of simple justice, which all fully un
derstanding tiie facts must approve.
Mr. Wheeler says, touching tho allega
tions of bad faith by Democrats, that
they did not act correctly. He details
tho opposition manifested upon the
first acceptance of the articles of ad
justment and says : On the day pre
ceding the meeting of the late extra
session of the Legislature, I met at the
rooms of Gou. Sheridan prominant lie
publican officials, and Col. Leonard, of
tiie Shreveport Times, who had been
tlie leading man In the negotiatlone on
the Democratic side. The matter of
the four members was fully discussed
in Gen. Sheridan’s room, and Leonard
distinctly Informed us that he wanted
no concealment, and that it was due
to us that he should Inform us that if
tho award of tho committee should bo
adopted by the House, the Democrats
would promptly reseat tho four mem
bers. This statement is but simple
justice to Col. Leonard and those whom
he represented. I can easily perceive
how parties at a distance, without a
knowledge of tho facts of tho details
should think the Democrats guilty of
a non-observance of the provision
which I have cited. But I cannot think
them in fairness obnoxious to the
charge and common justice which
ought to characterize parties as well as
individuals entitles them to this ex
planation. The Republican party Ims
now put itself in tho right in Louisiana.
The action of both parties in tho future
will bo watched by the country and the
people will mete out to each the judg
ment, to which by its acts it shall en
title itself, and to that tribunal the
matter may safely be confided.
Rumpus in Erie Stock.
New York, May 10. —The decline in
Erie shares to-day was accompanied by
many rumors, among which are some
which allege that the company is em
barrassed. Tlie company say the move
ment is simply speculative.
Dedication of a Presbyterian Church.
The new Fifth Avenue Presbyterian
Church was dedicated yesterday. It
seats 2,100 people, and cost $1,'000,000.
A single queen bee will produce 100,-
000 bees in a season ; the 100,000 bees
wifi produce 50,000 swollen heels and
the sale of 22 barrels of arnica.—West
ern Statistician,
FOREIGN NEWS.
Germany and the Catholics.
Berlin, May 9.—lu the Lower House
of the Prussian Diet, tiie bill for the
suppression of religious orders was
read a second time without amend
ment, and tho bill giving the old Cath
olics a sharo of tho Roman Catholic
Church property passed its third read
ing by a vote of 202 yeas to 75 nays.
Tho Prineo Imperial Frederick Wil
liam lias returned to Berlin.
Instructions have been sent to tho
provincial authorities of Prussia to
treat tho collection of money for priests
who have been subjected to legal pen
alties a punislmblo offense.
The Czar Goes to Berlin.
St. Petersburg, May 9.—'Tho Czar de
parted at eight o’clock yesterday even
ing for Berlin.
Belgium and Austria.
Brussels, May 9. —The Chamber of
Representatives, after a long debate,
yesterday adopted a resolution ap
proving the Governments conduct of
the negotiations with Germany.
Italy and Germany.
Rome, May 9--In t he Chamber of Depu
ties yesterday Signor Miughetti, Presi
dent of the Ministry, stated that the rela
tions of Italy with Germany had always
been excellent. A motion approving
tlie ecclesiastical policy of tho Govern
ment was passed by a voto 219 yeas to
149 nays.
Picking Up the Drowned Bodies of
the Schiller’s Passengers—The Lou
don Press on the Meeting of the
Emperors—A Noted Sporting Man
Dead.
London, May 10. —Boats cruising in
tho vicinity of tho wreck of the steam
ship Schiller continue to pick up bodies
of tho drowned. When tiie steamor
loft St. Mary’s Island to-day nearly
fifty had been found. Seven mail hags
in addition to those reported have been
saved contained mostly San Francisco
and Aukland newspapers.
London, May 10.—Tho Dora Lynn,
from Davidson for Freoon, is lost with
the captain and five men.
This morning’s Telegraph, in an edi
torial article on tlie meeting of the
Emperors of Russia and Germany to
day, says: “It is impossible to conceal
the truth that the Continental situa
tion wears this morning tho very grav
est aspect. If we were to say that the
question of tho future repose of Europe
uny be practically solved before forty
eight hours have passed, wo would
scarcely go beyond the facts. The ten
dency at this hour is decidedly pacific.”
Other London journals likewise com
ment upon tho mooting, but the
thought of war is generally dis
credited. It is reported from Faris
that tlie French Government posi
tively contradicts the assertion that
Germany has recently made rep
resentations of a hostile tendency. Tlie
same dispatch contains tlie statement,
believed to ho semi-official, that no
cause of conflict exists between Ger
many and France, and that advices
from all the capitals of Europe are of
tiie same tenor, that pacific ideas are
everywhere in t he ascendant.
Rev. John King, of Ashley do la
Launde, in Lincolnshire, is dead. Mr.
King, under tho assumed name of “Mr.
Launde,” was widely known as the
owner of racing stock, notably of
Apology, the winner of tho Oaks’ 1,000
guineas and St. Leger stakes of 1874,
and of Holy Friar, one of tlie favorites
for the Derby of 1875. Holy Friar thus
becomes disqualified for running for
tiie Derby, and all bets on him are ren
dered void.
A Pastoral From Cardinal Manning.
London, May 10. —Tlie Duke of Buck
ingham has been appointed Governor
of Madras. Mr. John Walter Huddle
stone, Judge Advocate of fleet and
counsel to admiralty, has been ap
pointed to succeed Judge Pigott. He
will bo succeeded by Mr. Lindley.
A pastoral from Cardinal Manning,
read in all tlie Roman Catholic churches
in England, yesterday, protests against
the persecution of tiie church in Ger
many and Switzerland, and accuses
Bismarck of seeking to raise the ani
mosity of the Powers against tiie free
dom of the next conclave.
Loss of Another Steamship—Sixteen
Persons Drowned.
London, May 10.—The steamship Ca
diz was lost near Brest, wliile on a
voyage from Lisbon to this city. Six
teen persons wore drownod.
British Authors Seeking Protection
from American Book-Pirates.
London, May 10.—A deputation of
authors waited on Disraeli to make
representations and obtain his views
with regard t.o International copy-right.
The deputation consisted of Messrs.
Blanchard, Jerrold, Tom Tayler, Chas.
Reads, Chas. Dickens. G. A. Sala and
Clias. Mackay, Miss Braddon and Mrs.
Wood and many well known literary
persons. Mr. Edward Jenkins, member
of Parliament for Dundee, and author
of “Giux’s Baby,” addressed Mr. Dis
raoli on the part of the deputation. Ho
pointed to tiie appropriation and muti
lation of tho works of British authors
by tho book publisher.-? of tiie United
States, and asked if some remedy
could not be found for tho grievances.
Mr. Disraeli replied that tho subject
iiad already come before the Govern
ment on tiie question whether a revis
ion of tlie copy-right law in regard to
Dramas was desirable. The Govern
ment would give the matter full atten
tion and strive to remove tho annoy
ances and vexations now existing, but
It must have time to consider what
method to adopt. He was of opinion
that a royal commission would be bet
ter than a committee of the House of
Commons, because it would bo more
likely to bo well acquainted with the
subject.
FROM BALTIMORE.
Tlie Baptist Convention—Decoration
of Confederate Graves.
Baltimore, May 10. —The Southern
Baptist Convention adjourned sine die
to-day. Tiie session of oiglit hours
was mainly occupied by tho reception
of committee reports, whicli were tho
subjoct of long and spirited dis
cussions. The Committee on New
Boards received the resignation
of Dr. M. T. Sumner, as Corres
ponding Secretary of tlie Home Mis
sion Board, and nominated Dr. Basil
Manly, of Kentucky, as his successor.
Tho report oi the committee gave rise
to much debate, but was finally accept
ed. The remaining officers of tho
Board were ro-elected, and the Foreign
Mission Board were re-elected without
change.
To-day was observed as the Memo
rial Day of the Confederate dead.—
There was a vast assemblage at Mag
nolia Cemetery. An oration was de
livered, and the soldiers’ graves were
profusely decorated with garlands.
Dr. Hammond lias found that a frog
can live without brains. But so can a
Philadelphia editor. Let the doctor
give something new.
KENTUCKY.
Final Action and Adjournment of the
State Democratic Convention—Cas
sius M. Clay out for the Democratic
Ticket.
Louisville, Ky., May 7.—The Ken
tucky Democratic Convention adjourn
ed this afternoon, after nominating
Juo. C. Underwood, of Bowling Green,
for Lieutenant-Governor; Thos. E.
Moss, of Paducali, for Attorney Gene
ral; D. Howard Smith for Auditor,
and J. W. Tate for Treasurer.
The following report or the Commit
tee on Resolutions was unanimously
adopted :
Wo hold it to be absolutely essential
to the preservation of tho liberties of
tho citizens that tho several States
shall be maintained in all their rights,
dignity and equality, as the most com
plete and reliable administration
of their own domestic concerns, and
tho surest .guarantee against anti-
Republican tendencies. Every attempt
on the part oi tho Federal Government
to exorcise a powor not del ogated to it
in the Constitution, or to exercise a
delegated powor in a manner not there
in prescribed, is an act of usurpation
demanding the instant and unqualified
condemnation of a people jealous of
their liberties ; and wo hold that any
unconstitutional interference by tho
General Government with the-local
affairs of any Stato to any extoif§l>r on
any pretext whatovor, should bo at
once repudiated and condemned by all
classes of every section of the Union,
as all such acts tend directly to the de
struction of our Federal system and
tho consolidation of ail power in a cen
tralized despotism.
A notable feature of tho convention
was the activo participation of the ven
•erablo Cassius M. Clay, who pledged
himself to canvass the State for the
Democratic ticket.
Minor Telegrams,
Key West, May 10.— No yellow fever
at Key West.
Baltimore, May 10.—Tho Interna
tional Sunday School Convention con
venes to-morrow. 470 delegates are
present representing 24 States, Canada,
Nova Scotia and England.
New York, May 10.—Two unknown
men were drowned in East river to
day.
Green Springs, 0., May 10. —Two
houses and every chimney were pros
trated aud two children killed by a
tornado storm from tiie south to north
nearly two miles wide.
Springfield, Mo., May 10.—Sixteen
business houses and dwellings, includ
ing Gen. B. C. Holland’s block, ligjs
been burned. Loss, §5(1,000,
Wilmington, N. C., May 10.—Memo
rial Day was appropriately observed
here, aud with more than usual spirit.
Business was suspended. Thero was a
long procession of military, firemen,
citizens, schools and societies, and an
dross by E. S. Martin, Esq.
Washington, May 10. —The whiskey
frauds in Chicago, St.. Louis and Mil
waukee have caused the removal of a
host of gaugers and store-keepers. Two
supervisors will go—not from collu
sion with fraudulent parties—but for
negligence.
Boston, May 10.—Five hundred plas
terers struck for §3.50 per day; present
pay, §3. _
PRESIDENT’S REPORT.
Office Georgia It It. and Banking Cos. I
Augusta, Ga., May 12th, 1875. j
To the Stockholders ;
The apology made for tlie short report at
last Con volition need not bo ropoated,
though tho same masons for it, to somo ex
tent, still prevail. The accompanying re
port of tlie Superintendent, however, is so
very ample in its details of the operations
of the road for the past, fiscal year, with
tho bearings of trade and other causes, by
which its income has been affected, that the
Board could add but little to what may be
found in Unit document. Like most re
ports lately made of tlie business opera
tions of Southern roads, the report is
rather discouraging. A hasty criticism
tuny pronounce It less favorable than the
reports of other roads. This may be so,
but it is due to truth and to the managers
of the road the past year to examine care
fully and impartially, aud decide whether
the controlling causes of those unfavorable
results were under thocontrolof the mana
gers, or whether they were not entirely
beyond their control, and many of them
peculiar to tho Georgia Railroad ? There
is one feature in which Southern roads re
semble each other very closely since the
war. None are paying regular dividends.
The Georgia Road was the last to suspend
regular dividends. Whether it wifi be tho
lirst to resume may depend upon the action
of tills Convention.
But what were the leading causes or the
unfavorable exhibit of net earnings tho past
year? If beyond tiie control of the mana
gers tlie exhibit may affect tho market
value of tiie stock: but the officers and man
agers should ho relieved from the injurious
imputations which otherwise may be cast
upon them.
To understand fully the leading causes
of a depleted net profit for tho last year wo
should go back to the closo of the war. Iu
his report of 1867 the Superintendent says:
“At the closo of the war tho track and
rolling stock wore so badly run down that
they wore considered uusafo, even with a
schedule for passenger trains of 17 hours
between Augusta and Atlanta. Out of
seme 700 cars owned by the company only
about 70 were in running onler, and scarcely
one of them could be considered eutiroly
safe. Fully one-half wore entirely lost or
destroyed, and all that were saved required
rebuilding or extensive repairs.
“Out of over iifty locomotives only about
twelve could bo trusted with any degree of
safety, and they requiring general repairs.
Bridges over tho Oconee and Yellow rivors
to be rebuilt, together witli all the depots
for seventy miles, with the track destroy
ed by tho march of Gen. Sherman, and no
material on hand, in any of tlie depart
ments, to commence with, etc. He might
have added the extensive and costly build
ings at Atlanta—depot, round house and
machine shops —all destroyed.
Such was the condition of affairs, at the
close or the war in 18C5.
To restore, repair and renew this dilapi
dated property was something liko build
ing a now road. Yet in the face or all this,
and despite of ail this, tlie Board ordered
the commencement of dividends in 1860,
when tho restoration of property had
scarcely commenced, and tho circulation
of tlie old bank was pressing for redemp
tion. The President reminded the Board
of the state of affairs, and thought divi
dends were premature, and should bo
postponed until more progress had been
made in providing for restoration of prop
erty, aud payment of the floating debt. The
stockholders, however, were known to be
needy, and tlie Directors were believed to
bo honest. They believed that with current
receipts, and tho aid of tiie fragments of the
old ante-war surplus, dividends might be
declared, aud tho cost of restoration paid
al tiie same time. This anto-war surplus
legally justiiied the dividend, but it was in
vested in securities, and not available as
cash, without, inadmissible sacrifices. Div
idends were, therefore, in advance of the
cash means of the company. Our neighbors,
who had suffered from simitar causes, ob
tained large loans on onerous terms, and
renewed al once both iron and outfit, there
by increasing their bondod debt at a sacri
flee, but relieving the management by furnish
ing new iron and outfit. The Georgia Rail
road made no mortgage, nor made any in
crease in debt. Tho few new bonds issuod
were in renewal, or in liquidation of the
circulation of the old bank.
In a comparison, therefore, of net profits
from gross receipts, the disadvantages un
der which the Georgia Railroad labors will
be readily perceived. The road was with
out sufficient rolling stock, aud without
machine shops, round houses and depots,
and tho whole road was run down and
rapidly reaching the maximum of wear and
decay. No loans were made for restoration,
aud renewals, which have been heavy, and
being charged to receipts, have of course
ma< J° a X ory unfavorable exhibit of net
P;°fd- The renewal has never been com
pleted, whilst tho maximum.of decay has
been constantly pressing and absorbing
tho earnings for extra expenditures Tiie
unrenewed section of the road, too re
quired extra vigilance and watching as a
security against broken rails aud other ac
cidents, and the fidelity of this vigilance
and oxtra caution is proved by the regu
larity and freedom from accident with
which the road has been run in all seasons
and in all weather, which wifi compare fa
vorably with any road In tho Union. The
expensive work of renewal and renovation
Is now far advanced, and when complete *
this heavy charge upon income for extra
expenditures will coase, aud the receipts
will be charged only with ordinary ex
penses.
Another disadvantage under which tiie
management of the Georgia Railroad la
bors in comparison with other roads is tlie
unprofitable branches with which it is en
cumbered. Side lines are always trouble
some, and short branches aro generally a
dead weight upon the main lino.
Another disadvantage under which our
road labors in the economy of manage
ment, is tlie construction placed by tho
Supreme Court upon our charter, by which
tiie profit of our local business is neatly
annihilated! It is hoped that decision
may be reviewed or in some way modified,
the loss oq this account for the last fiscal
year is reported at $82,125.99!
Again, new and increased competition at
Atlanta by opening of the Richmond Air
Line, and the unnatural competition of the
Chesapeake Road and connections, by
which trade has been diverted at a loss.
These, and some other causes, havo di
verted our Northwestern bus noss and im
paired our income the last year, as stated
by tho Superintendent. They may bo un
fortunate, and justly affect tho value of our
stock, but certainly could not have been
controlled or prevented by management.
After ail, tho company could probably have
continued dividends—though prematurely
commenced—but for hoary responsibilities
for, and loss by, other roads, into which
the company was forced to preserve its
connections. This is ono of tho curses at
tendant upon long through lines to cheap
en transportation from distant points;
and if all roads would confine themselves to
the limits embraced in their charters, it
would probably be better for the railroad
interest generally, though prejudicial to
the consumer of distant products Whilst
the pre-ont system of long-connected
through lines continues, however, the diff
erent links aro, to somo extent, identified,
ami the weaker finks have to be trusted
and sustained by the stronger, either by
advances, endorsements, or subsidies in
some form, or the line will be broken. The
stockholders need not bo remindod of tho
reluctance with which tlie Board was driv
en into theso responsibilities. When origi
nally contracted, but little loss, if any, was
seriously apprehended, and there are somo
indications that the loss may not be as
large as at one time apprehended. But in
the present condition of tlie country, con
jecture is idle.
At the April meeting of tho Board a re
solution was passed, intended to be pro
visional, for the reduction of fares to ante
bellum rates. The final adoption was post
poned until the first of June, that further
timo might bo given for deliberation, and
that this Convention might intervene.—
Other roads aro concerned, and without
their sympathy and co-operation the ob
joet could not be accomplished. The policy
of low fares presents a compound question,
and involves a question of population to be
reached by it. It was thought that such
population might be found in our freed
mon, who are numerous aud fond of travel,
but from recent emancipation, have not
much surplus moans. As othor roads seem
to oppose tho policy, and decline to co
operate, the resolution had better, perhaps,
be recommitted, and its execution sub
jected to further consultation with other
roads.
The finances of the company still suffer
by the growing and pernicious claims of
doad-hoadism. Efforts should bo made be
fore the Legislature to follow the wise ex
smplo of some of the Northern States, and
put a stop to this fraud upon tlie rights of
shareholders by law. And why not? It is
a peculation and a fraud, and should l>o
puniahod like any other fraud. Wo aro
glad to see that this evil is beginning to
claim the attention it deserves, not only as
an abuse by tho officers of railroads, but
by the officers of Government. By a pro
vidential interposition the Government and
people were saved the disgrace of dead
heading to Mexico, in a Govornmont,vessel,
at heavy expense, a large party, with fami
lies and friends, in pursuit of pleasure or
business speculation! #
Tlie stockholders will be struck with tho
large increase of expense for lawyers’ foes.
This is becoming a public grievance, and
ought to be modified by law. The fee-bill
was probably fixed ponding tho late civil
war, ■when Confederate money was 5 or 10
cents in the dollar, and has never been
changed. All know that the charges are
enormous, aiul generally out of all pro
portion to the *sor vices rendered. More
over, there appears to be a certain class
who believe it their peculiar mission to stir
up frivolous and vexatious litigation, and
keep it alive, on a guaranty of recovery or
no pay. The law, when honorably prac
ticed, Is a noble profession (and there are
still many honorable lawyers.) But when
practiced otherwise, and allowed to run
into champerty and maintenance, it be
comes one or the vilest of trades!
The Board is happy to learn, on inquiry,
that tho late effort to reduce expenses has
been attended with very encouraging re
sults. It is an ungracious duty to reduce
tho pay of honest laboring men, especially
those with families, below a point that fur
nishes a comfortable subsistence. But this
becomes a necessity in some cases, and the
cheerful acquiescence with which the re
ductions have been submitted to greatly
strengthens tho obligation to restore full
pay, so soon as the restored business of
the company will enable it to do so.
The stockholders wifi recollect, that at
the last annual convention, the President,
who has boon long in the service of the
company, expressed a vash to be reliovod
from the dutios which the confidence of the
stockholders has so long imposed upon
him. The stockholders did not laslievo the
timo propitious for a change, and instead
of making the change desired, appointed
Mr. Davies as Assistant, with tho office of
Vice-President. It is believed that Mr.
Davies has perfor mod the duties expected
of him very diligently and faithfully, aud
and given entire satisfaction to tiie patrons
of the road, and tho same may be said of
all the officers connected with tho Trans
portation Department.
Respectfully' submitted,
In behali of the Board, by
John P. King,
President.
General Superinienaent’s Report.
General Superintendent’s Office, )
Georgia R. R. & Ranking Company, '
Augusta, Ga., April 27th, 1875. )
Hon. John P. King, President Georgia R.
11. and Banking Company:
Sir— l have tho honor or making the fol
lowing report of the operations of your
road for the fiscal year closing on the 31st
ultimo. Tho earnings have been:
From passage $272,487.75
From freight 983,864.52
From mail 25,555.96-$1,281,907.24
Tho expenses of conducting the business
have been:
For condu ct in g
transportation $230,455.94
For motivo power . 283,991.28
For maintenance of
way r 213,094.98
For maintenance of
Cftrß 68,555.70—$ 826.097.90
Net $455,809.34
The expenses are 64 2-5 per cont.?of tho
earnings. Ihe profits of business are 35 3-5
per eont.,ol which there have been expended
for outfit, otc,. $105,720.19. as follows;
For 1 now switch en
ffiao $10,100.00
For 1 small freight en
gine, 8,000.00
For I now baggage
car 3,000.00
For new box, now coal
and new cal) cars... 40,033.50
30 box cars purchased
from the Dawson
Manufacturing Cos. 15,000.00
2 new passenger cars,
includingcoet of de
livery 9,330.16
32 box, 11 stock, 7 cab,
11 platform, 2 coal,
and 3 shanty cars,
rebuilt at a cost of.. 15,756.53
New culverts 3,900.00 105,720.19
As compared with the business of the
previous year, the above shows as follows:
Decrease of.. $34,559.47, or tl 1-5 per cent.
in Passage.
New Series— Vol. 3, No. 91
Decrease of 255,472.17, or 20 3-5 per cent.
in Freight.
$290,031.64
Less iucr'se of 153.36, or 3-5 per cent, in
Mail.
$289,677.78, or 18 2-5 per cent.
in Total Earnings.
The operating exjtenses, compared with
those of the previous year, show asjpilows:
Decrease in (ionducting transportation.
$34,989.65, or 13 1-5 per cent.; decrease in
niotive power, $65,448.27, or 18 7-10 per cent.;
increase in maintenance of way, $31,050.22,
or 14 3-5 por cent.; increase in maintenance
of cars, $8,034.61, or 13 3-10 per cent.
.. rom . the foregoing it will be soon that
tne reduction of expenses In the depart
ment of Conducting Transportation, ap
proxlmates the reduction in gross receipts,
winie the reduction of expenses in the mo
tive power department has rather excoedod
t.io reduction in gross receipts; and this
is so, notwithstanding the facti that the
mileage account shows 1,140,269 miles made
,5’ engines during the last year, against
1,140 005 miles made the year previous,
wmch proves tliat as much service was
performed in 1874 and ’5 to earn $289,877.78
less than was earned in 1873 and ’4, with
about the same mileage, which is evidence
of tiie fact that our rates of transportation
have boon too low for the last year; and to
this more than any other fact is attributed
the falling off in net income, ihe want of
a more equal division in direction of busi
ness in all seasons is another cause of
small net earnings, as the expense of haul
ing empty cars is a serious charge again -t
profits. The increase of expenses in the
road department was caused by an in
creased quantity of cross ties and iron
rails purchased during tiie year, we hav
ing spent $22,968.36 more for the former and
$15,579.75 more for the atter than was
spout during the previous year, but with a
saving of $4,788 69 in labor and a saving of
$2,709.20 in repairs oi bridges tiie net in
crease of expenses in the road department
is $31,050.22.
Tiie increased expenditure of $35,548.U
for cross ties and iron rails, has increased
the value oi your property to the extent of
every dollar spent. Beside - improving th
condition of the track, it gives increased
confidence and safety to passengers, and
facilitates business of every kind.
The increase or $3,034.61, expenses in tiie
Car Department, is not lost, but is seen in
the improved condition of tne cars.
The operating expenses, in detail, are
shown as follows :
ORDINARY EXPENSES.
CONDUCTING TKANSPORCATION.
Wages of conductors,
train hands and la
bor. freight 54,506 6G
Wages, of conductors,
trainbands and la
bor, Passengers 27,253 32
Wages, agents and
clerks, including
line of roar . 87.G03 95
Less and damage 8,296 32
Stock killed 7,469 10
Stationery aud print
ing 9,013 39
Repairs of depots— 4,544 52
Incidentals for Freight 5,047 ( 3
Wharf rent at New
York 2,742 14
Mileage of green line
ears 23,914 51— 239,455 94
MOTIVE POWER.
Wages of engineers
lit emeu 107,879 26
Expenses of wood and
water stations 18,339 02
Wood for engines— 83,921 25
Repairs of engine
Ac 56,863 11
Oil and tallow for en
gines, Ac... 10,998 64 283,9*41 23
MAINTENANCE OF WAY.
Men’s wages, provi
sions, Ac 105,858 49
Railing and cross ties 49,371 47
Railroad iron, spikes,
castings and tools.. 83,652 65
Repairs of bridges... 4,212 37 243,094 93
Maintenance of cars 68,555 7o
Total operating expenses $820,097 90
Total extraordinary expenses, as
already shown in detail 105,720 19
Total expenses and payments 5931,818 03
A saving of $4,522.20 in the item of ‘stock
killed,” was made during the past year,
which is attributable, mainly, to the excel
lent system of reporting inaugurated, aud
tho rigid manner in which it has be m ob
served.
The cost of wood for engines was reduc
ed last year $20,429.97 compared with the
previous year.
The falling off in the transportation of
cotton was 53,760 hales, but there was a
handsome increase in grain.
On the 20th of March a reduction of 12*4
per cent, por annum, on all salaries paid to
officers, clerks and agents, and the same
reduction on all wages paid to all other
employees and purchases of supplies, was
made, to take effect on and after April Ist,
which it is believed will add to the net earn
ings of the year just entered upon about
i IOO,OOO. For some time it was seen that
this action would have to be taken, as our
reasonable calculation for business during
tho Fall and Winter was not realized; but,
as wo wore paying for all important ser
vice the same 'wages as wore paid by near
ly all of our connections, concert of action
betweontho roads in reducing wages was
deemed advisable, and, as you know, we
made an effort in that direction which de
layed our action, and ns our efforts to get
connecting roads to co-operate with us
failed, wc had to take separate action in re
ducing; and to the credit of our officers,
clerks, agents and oinployos, of every
kind, we take pleasure in saying tlmt all
acquioscod with commendable ehterfulness
in the reduction.
Of the decrease of $34,559.47 in passage,
$15,576.18 was in through,travel, and $lB,-
983.29 ill local travel.
The sources from which tho decrease in
tho Freight Department arose, are as fol
lows:
Decrease in Freight from Atlanta
to Augusta, proper $18,680 Ha
Docreasc in Local Freight, pre
por 82,125 9b
Decrease in Up Freight from Au
gusta aud points oast to con
necting roads west 4.146 55
Decrease in Up Freight from Au
gusta and points cast to Macon
and Augusta Railroad. 2,388 53
Decrease in Up Freight from
point s cast to Atlanta, projier. 17,631 70
Decrease in Down Freight irorn
connecting roads west, to Au
gusta and points east 106,879 89
Decrease in Down Freight from
Macon and Augusta Railroad to
Augusta and points east J,4i7 49
Decrease in Way Freight to and
from connecting roads west... 10,748 94
Decrease in Way Freight to and
from Macon and Augusta Rail
road 682 92
Decrease in Miscellaneous Fr’ght 10,726 4i
* $255,%72 17
It will be seen that all departments of
the freight business have suffered a dimi
nution. Most of the $32,125.90 failing off
in local business was at Atlanta and sta
tions east of Atlanta coming withiL the
distance of 100 miles. The reduction was
made in the tailff to conform to the decis
ion of tho Supreme Court, that the Compa
ny can only charge the rates given In the
charter for one hundred miles, and in that
exact propoition for any distance iess than
one hundred miles. Tor short distances
from Augusta the revenue has fallen off
from the same cause. The decision is
thought to be a remarkable one, but will
have to be observed. Uf the
falling off in down freight from connecting
roads west to Augusta and points east,
$45 736.15 was on account of the Atlanta A
West Point Railroad, caused by shortness
of the cotton crop on its line, or by diver
sion via the Savannah or Lynchburg route,
or from all of thjse causes. The falling off
from the Macon A Western Railroad was
$3,328.31, and may be attributed to the
same causes. The failing off from the
Western A Atlantic Railroad was $57,814,93,
caused mainly by tiie unnatural jomi>eti
tion of the Chesapeake and Ohio Rail
road anil its connections with your read,
to carry the produce oi the West to
Charleston and Augusta. The falling off in
tho carrying of bacon alone on vour road
last year amounted to 5,836,573 pounds.
The worst feature in this ruinous competi
tion is, that owing to the greater long .h of
their route they <jan make no profit out of
this business, while depriving your rot-d of
its legitimate business that does pay you
some profit. But an agreement hasroen
entered into, which, it is hoped, will bo ob
served and prevent such reckless manage
ment of lines in that route. Their frantic
efforts to secure a portion of such tlnvugk
business resulted in a reduction of rates
that must have proved a loss to their com
panies.
( Continued on fourth payt.j