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Old Heries—"V*ol. 25, No. 122.
THE CONSTITUTIONALiST.
Ja°. G. Bailie, Francis Cogin, Geo. T. Jackson,
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Augusta, Ga.
THE CONSTITUTIONALIST
WEDNESDAY, June 23, 1875.
The Scofield Rolling Mill has gone
into the hands of a receiver. By the
time it is rolled through lawyers and
courts it will be flatter than any piece
of iron it ever turned out.
The Government has at last deter
mined to send a portion of the army,
under the command of Gen. Ogd, to
put an end to the disgraceful state of
affairs upon the Texas border.
Every little gust of wind is now suf
ficient to start a town, post haste, to
cellars aud dry wells. Every black
cloud is magnified into an approaching
tornado. This is foolish. It is cer
tainly going ahead to meet danger
Another cyclone may not occur in
years.
We publish a long but very forcible
communication this morning, from the
General Agent of the Green Liue, con
troverting the views recently expressed
by Mr. Babcock, of the Evansville
Route. Mr. Anderson certainly makes
out a very strong case and puts his
adversary to his trumps to answer him.
It is now arranged that the Philadel
phia Jubilee Centennial shall begin and
the Beecher trial end the same day—
July 4,1876. This country must, there
fore, submit to being showered for a
whole year longer with Brooklyn slop.
We wish we could be appointed captain
of an earthquake with choice of ground
for about ten minutes.
It is gratifying to all that the courts
and juries of Georgia are applying the
full force of the law to murderers.
Auother murderer will be executed in
Atlanta on Friday, aud two more at
Columbus on the 30th of July. It
looks like the number of executions
this year will be fifty per cent, larger
than usual. For all this, murder seems
to go on unchecked. The only way to
stop it is by hanging. AH else will have
.no effect.
The day of cyclones has not passed.
The telegraph records that Kansas
City, Mo., has been visited by the most
destructive storm since 1844. A Lou
don dispatch, dated the 13th, inst.,
which is just finding its way south
ward, represents that Iceland has been
visited by a storm of volcanic ashes
and cinders which devastated many
villages, rendered 10,000 people home
less and killed many persons.
It is reported that as soon as Beech
er gets through with his trial, he will
open upon the South, in order to re
store iiis lost popularity North. His
sister, Harriet, the old gnome who
lives among the everglades and aca
cias of Florida, as a vile disgusting
worm in horrible coutrast with the
roses upon which it crawls, is to help
him in the contemplated tirades.
The levity with which the sacred feet
of delicate yoacg ladies is spoken of
by the rural press of Georgia deserves
reprehension. Thus the Covington En
terprise has the following outiageous
jparagrapb : “ There is a young lady in
Newton county who is sixteen years
o Id, and who weighs one hundred and
niifety-seven pounds. A half-bushel of
meal bran was poured in one of her
stockings, and it filled it only about
two-thirds fn'll.”
Moody and are causing great
excitement in England by proposing to
pleach to the students of Eaton Col
lege. So much opposition was made
that the revivalists desisted from the
attempt. In our opinion, no better
way to serve Messrs. Moody and San
key could be devised than showing
-such hostility to their ministry. In
this connection, we may state that, by
request, we shall publish, on the mor
row, the full text of the Archbishop of
Canterbury’s letter on the missionary
movement of the American “evange
lists,” which shows precisely the atti
tude of the Church of England on this
subject. _
Care for Operatives.— One of the
cotton mills at Lawrence, Mass., at lesist
manifests au interest in the welfare of
its employes which is worthy of imita
tion. Already in the working machin
ery of the corporation, operating pure
ly for the comfort and benefit of the
ei npioyes of the mill, there are in
cluded a library, reading-room, and a
relief s.?<fi et y. from which sick or disa
bled operates draw two dollars a week
each. To agencies there is to be
added in a few Jdys a hospital, speci
ally designed aud arranged for the care
of operatives wild are incapacitated by
any physical cause for work. A mat
ron has been selected to take charge of
it, and patients are to be provided with
medical attendance, suitable sick-room
diet, the care of nurses, and all the at
tentions and pleasant surroundings
that can minister to the restoring of
health. —Baltimore Sun.
Don’t use the vulgar term grass
hoppers, say acridii spreti.
Ip flmlij lonstnuiuiiuuisi.
BOSS TWEED.
A STUPENDOUS EXAMPLE OF
TWEEDLEDUM AND TWEEDLE
DEE.
The Culprit Before the Court—Pro
ceedings iu his Case—A Legal Wran
gle—The Boss Furnishes Bail in
Minor Cases and Goes to Jail to Await
$3,000,000.
New York, June 22.—Win. M. Tweed
this.morniug appeared in the Court
House iu custody of deputy Sheriff Mc-
Gonigle. All the city newspapers have
been represented on Blackwell’s Island
for a week past, and these representa
tatives had many promises made them
that Tweed would leave the peniten
tiary with their full knowledge. Not
withstanding this he was smuggled off
the Island at 10 o’clock last uight and
brought to the city where, according to
the deputy Sheriff, he drove round in a
carriage. It was generally expected
he would be brought to the court to
day and consequently a large number
of people gathered iu the immediate
vicinity of the Court House for the
purpose of getting sight of him.—
This morning he went to his
office in Duane street and spent
some time in consultation with his
counsel. After which he proceeded to
the District Attorney’s office, accom
panied by his son, Wm. M. Tweed, Jr.,
and his private secretary, Foster De
wey. Iu the Supreme Court chambers,
one of his counsel, Mr. Willard Bart
lett, presented to Judge Davis the fol
lowing order, which was signed by him
at a special term of the Supreme Court
of the State of New York, held at the
new county Court House, in the city of
New York, on the 22J day of June,
1875. Present, Hon. Noah Davis, Just
ice of the People of the State of
New l~ork, on relation of William
M. Tweed, the plaintiff in error,
against Jos. L. Liscomb, warden of the
penitentiary of this city, of New York,
defendant in error. The relator, Wm.
M. Tweed, having prosecuted his writ
of error to the Couit of Appeals from
the order or judgment of this Court
bearing date the day of March, 1875,
which order or judgment was duly en
tered by the Clerk of this Court' aud
Court of Appeals having reversed said
order or judgment of this Court, and
having directed the discharge of the
relator, now on reading, and filing the
remittitur from the said Court of Ap
peals; and on motiiou of Mr. William
Bartlett, attorney for the relator, it
was ordered that the order and judg
ment of the Court of Appeals herein
be and the. same is hereby made the
order and judgment of this court, aud
it is further ordered that the same re
lator, Wm. M. Tweed, be and he is
hereby discharged from the custody
of the warden of the penitentiary of
the city of New York.
Wm. Walsh,
Clerk in the Court of Oyer and Termi
ner, before Judge Brady.
Mr. Foster Dewey was the first one
of the Tweed party to enter. He had
hardly taken his seat when Tweed en
tered in charge of the Deputy Sheriff.
He walked rapidly across the room aud
took his seat beside his counsel.
In a very short time the Court room
was packed with people and immense
numbers were clamoring for admit
tance.
After order had been restored, Dis
trict Attorney Phelps arose and, ad
dressing the Court, moved that the de
fendant, W. M. Tweed, be arraigned to
plead to an indiclmeut found against
him in November, 1873.
Mr. David Dudley Field arose and,
on behalf of Mr. Tweed, stated they
were not ready to plead or make
motion to quash that. They had only
received notice of this indictment a
few days since, and therefore time
ought to be allowed them to examine
the matter.
Mr. Peckham, on behalf of the peo
ple, stated that it was evident the de
fendant intended to pursue his old tac
tics and stave off aii proceedings as
long as possible.
Mr. Field disclaimed any such inten
tion aud stated that in law time
ought to be allowed him to ex
amine the indictment; and further,
that if they were forced to enter the
plea they would demand the right to
withdraw at any time; that it was a
shame and cruelly wrong to find an in
dictment in 1873 and then, two years
afterwards, call them up without warn
ing to plead to it. Counsel further
stated that if they were forced to plead
by decision of the Couit he would ask
that the right be given them to move
to quash the indictment after the plea
was entered.
A legal war of words followed which
lasted for nearly an hour, Messrs.
Phelps and Peckham, on behalf of the
people, claiming that Such a thing was
unheard of in lav? except in special
cases, unlike the present one, and there
was no reason why this case should be
made a special one or special favor be
shown to the defendant.
At this point Mr. Field arose and de
manded to know what special favors
have been shown or would be. “My
client,” said he, “has for some months
been illegally confined in the peniten
tiary, and when, after committing this
outrage, an outrage for which
every one concerned in it shall
be held strictly accountable, and
after he is released by a higher
power than themselves, it is wrong, it
is unjust, to ask us to plead to an in
dictment of which we know nothing.”
Counsel further said that it would not
be considered a special favor to issue
warrants in a civil suit of $6,000,000,
and to fix bail at the enormous sum of
$3,000,000, aud that such bail was un
heard of.
Yes, said Mr. Peckham, and the steal
ing of $6,000,000 was an unheard of
thing until the defendant committed
the theft.
The matter was here rested and
Judge Brady said he thought the de
fense should have time to examine the
indictments, but lie would not give his
decision until late in the day.
The argument was on an indictment
found in November, 1873, charging
Tweed with fraudulently obtaining the
signature of Mayor Hall to a warrant
paid Audrew J. Garvey. On this indict
ment the Court fixed the bail at $3,000,
and on the indictment found by the
grand jury, May last, bail was fixed at
SI,OOO.
Tweed, accompanied by his counsel,
then repaired to the District Attor
ney’s office. There bail was furnished,
Alfred B. Sands becoming his bonds
man on the former indictment. On an
indictment found on February 20,1873,
charging him with having obtained
from the city by fraudulent warrant
$44,388.67, bail was furnished by Mr.
Sands in SI,OOO. BaU furnished oia old
indictments amounting to sl4,ooo,which
was declared invalid on account of
Tweed’s sentence, was renewed. Mr.
Charles Devlin became the surety.
When the bail bonds had been executed
the whole party returned to the Court
of Oyer and Terminer, and the bonds
AUGUSTA, OLA... WEDNESDAY MORNING. JUNE 23, 1875.
were approved by Judge Brady. Tweed
was then taken in custody again by
Deputy Sheriff McGonigle on the order
of arrest in the civil suit, and conveyed
to Ludlow-street jail, where he will re
main until the $3,000,000 bail is fur
nished.
TAMMANY HALL.
A MODOC WAR PROMISED.
Trouble iu the Wigwam—Jolm Mor
risey Hauled Up for His Sins—He
Assumes a Pugilistic Attitude and
Ajax-Like Defies the Lightning—A
Split in the Democracy Threatened.
New York, June 22.—John Morrisev,
who had been directed to appear before
Tammany Hall Committee on Dis
cipline, to answer a charge of treason
aud conspiracy agaiust the peace and
welfare of the party, attended last
night and answered a series of ques
tions concerning his political course
during the Winter. The committee re
fused to accede to Mr. Morriscy’s re
quest for admissiou of members of the
press. The investigation was conduct
ed iu secret, but the proceedings are
published in full this morning.
Mr. Morrisey defended himself
against impeachment, and claimed his
couise in opposing the Costigan bill,
and the Civil Justices bill was more in
the interest of Tammany Hall than the
opposite conduct of its managers. In
conclusion, he told the committee they
might as well make up a report for
his expulsion, as he was not going to
resign until he was ready.
Murrisey then retired, and Augustus
Schell and all the members of the 11th
Assembly District General Committee,
except three, were severally examined.
Mr. Schell aud the rest stated, iu an
swer to questions asked, that there was
no disaffection in the District Com
mittee.
The Herald says the dissatisfied fac
tion which has of late manifested itself
against Tammany Hall is gradually as
suming shape. Last night there as
sembled iu one of the upper parlors of
Delmonico’s a large number of iuilu
ential Democrats whose object was to
form an organization which it is hoped
will supersede Tammany. To this
end it was last night decided to
get a representative delegation from
each of the city wards with a
view to arranging preliminaries for
an election of a general committee.—
The first object of organization will be
to institute a systematic campaign
against Tammany. It is not intended
the general committee shall be provis
ional, but permanent. On Monday
next another meeting will bo held, at,
which about five representatives from
each Ward will be present, and it is
then expected, that" important work
will be done.
Gov. Tilden Takes a Hand in the
Scrimmage.
New York, June 22. —Gov. Tilden
has not signed the Police Justice’s bill,
aud it fails to become a law. This is
one of the bills which has created dis
sension iu Tammany Hall. The ad
herents of John Kelley are urging the
bill, but a strong influence opposing it
finally rnet with success.
FROM NEW YORK.
Boss Tweed and His Perplexities—
Laborers Protesting Against Low
Wages—Fernando Wood, the Mil
lionaire, as the “Poor Man’s Friend.”
New York, June 22.—Win. M. Tweed’s
friends say that ho is to be released
from the pententiary this morning, It
is expected that he will be taken to the
District Attorney’s office and thence to
the Court of Oj T er and Terminer, where
bail iu the criminal action under which
a bench warrant was recently issued
will be filed. If he gives the required
bail, he will probably be arrested by
the sheriff on an order of arrest grant
ed in the civil suit for $6,000,000’ Mr.
Tweed’s counsel may, however, move
in the Supreme Court Chambers to-day
for the release of their client or for a
reduction of the $3,000,000 bail named
in the order of arrest.
Yesterday and last uight meetings
were held iu Hibernian Hall and the
Cooper Institute, by laborers on cor
poration work, to protest against a re
cent reduction of wages. Speeches
were made and resolutions adopted,
aud a letter read from Fernando Wood,
saying, as a tax payer, he did not ap
prove the reduction of wages.
FIRE, FLOOD AND STORM.
Conflagrations in Ohio, Kentucky
and Nevada—Swoop of the Cyclone
at Kansas City—Great Destruction
of Property.
Cincinnati, June 22 —The steamboat
R. W. S. Killiuger, while lying at the
wharf here, last night, was struck by
lightning and burned to the water’s
edge. Loss, $15,000 ; insured for SIO,OOO
in Western companies.
Kansas City, June 22, —There was
the most terrific storm here since 1841,
for hours torrents of rain, high wind
and hail. Several houses were struck
by lightning and a number unroofed.
The storm covered an area of fifty
miles, mostly southward. Five rail
road bridges were washed away and
six cars ditched.
San Francisco, June 22.—The hoist
ing apparatus of the Murchie Mine,
Nevada City, caught fire yesterday
afternoon. Six men were in the shaft,
which is 400 feet deep, at the time, one
of whom made his escape ;two were taken
out dead after subduiug the flames,
aud the third will probably die. Two
were rescued uninjured.
Cincinnati, Juue 22. — W. E. Tabb &
Co.’d woolen and flouring mills, at
Dover, Mason county, Ky.. was de
stroyed by fire this moruing. Loss,
$50,000. Insurance unknown. A fire
in Georgetown, Ky., Sunday, destroyed
a livery stable and four dwellings. A
number of horses in the stable were
burned to death. Loss estimated at
SIO,OOO.
Olathe, Kas., June 22.—During the
storm Sunday a house was blown down
and a father and child killed.
Minor Telegrams.
Chicago, June 22.—Judge Blodgett
has decided that distillers’ books may
be seized and used against their owners.
Providence, R. 1., June 22. —The
Richmond Commandery of Knights
Templar were handsomely entertained
to-day.
In Norway the longest day lasts
three months. The man who, six
noon the ago, promised to call in a day
or two and settle that little bill, must
have gone to Norway on a visit;.
The Springfield Republican has a fe
male compositor that weighs 160
pounds, and yet she bothers the fore
mao for “fat” every day,
FROM WASHINGTON.
The Circumlocution Office and Uru
guayan Exiles—Disposal of Land Of
fice Rubbish.
Washington, June 22. —Acting Secre
tary of the Treasury Couant lias re
ferred to the Secretary of State for his
opinion the telegram from the Collector
of Charleston, S. C., asking if the ex
iled Uruguayans on board the Puig
shall be allowed to land. The Treasury
Department will await the opinion of
the Secretary of State before answering
the telegram.
The Commissioner of the Land Office
is taking measures to dispose of the
great number of land patents in his
office, which have been accumulating
since the days of President Monroe
and now number more than 300,000.
They will be properly classified and
sent to tho different land offices
throughout the country for delivery to
those for whom they are intended.
A Sop for the Centennial—North Caro
lina Whiskey Mills Raided—Yellow
Fever at Key West.
New South Wales has voted five
thousand pounds sterling for its repre
sentatives at the Centennial.
Supervisor Perry reports from Raleigh
a raid against illicit distillers in Yad
kin. county. Twenty illicit distillers
Were arrested aud many barrels of whis
key captured and the slop destroyed.
A dispatch received by Surgeon Gen.
Beale, of the navy, from Key West,
this morning reports a case of yellow
fever iu that place. It was first notic
ed yesterday morning.
The exiles from Uruguay will be
allowed to laud at Charleston.
The Rio .Grande Expedition—Difficul
ties in the Way—The Distribution of
Prize Money —Efforts to Circumvent
“Crooked” Cigars.
No orders have yet been issued by
the Secretary of the Navy detailiugauy
vessel to follow the Plymouth to the
mouth of the Rio Grande, as there is a
sand bar at the mouth of that river,
with but four feet of water ou it, it will
be impossible for any vessel of the
navy to ascend the river; besides,
there are shifting sand bars iu the
river, and were it possible fora vessel
to enter the mouth it would be dau
gerous to make the ascent. Four or five
steam launches, however, can be car
ried to the mouth of the liver on each
vessel ordered there, and they, with
competent crews, can be sent up the
river to co-operate with the army iu
the suppression of Mexicau raids.
The AetiDg Secretary of the Treasu
ry has to-day telegraphed to the Col
lector of Customs at Charleston to al
low the political exiles who arrived on
the bark Puig, from Uruguay, to land,
no good reason being shown why they
should be excluded from this couutry.
It appears that though the vessel on
which they were brought sailed under
the Oriental flag, she carried no papers
of any kind. There is some trouble in
regard to her legal duty in the United
States, aud it is supposed that she has
incurred severe penalties by her arrival
as aforesaid. The matter is now under
consideration in the Treasury Depart
ment.
The Secretary of the Navy has made
a requisition for $360,000 on the Secre
tary of the Treasury, to pay the re
mainder of the Farragut prize awards.
The original amount, $960,000, the sum
fiist named, will be placed to the credit
of the Assistant Treasurer for the use
of the prize fund. It will be distributed
among 4,500 persons heretofore attach
ed to the thirty-five or forty
vessels of Farragut’s fleet, whicu
made the captures of the Con
federates. The aggregate amount of
money derived from all such naval
captures during the late war was about
$38,000,000, for which $14,000,000 were
turned over to the navy pension fund,
$16,000,000 distributed to captors, and
the remainder absorbed in expenses,
etc. The Farragut cases are the last
to be adjusted.
A committee appeared before the
Commissioner of Internal Revenue to
day to argue the advantages
to the Government of anew
design by which cigars shall
all bear a stamp, in lieu of the
general stamp now used, to protect the
National interests. The idea is to have
the cigar bear upon itself the evidence
that the tax has been paid by having a
coupon from the box stamp attached
to the cigar. The Commission con
sidered that there is now no effectual
check to the unlawful sale of cigars,
but before adopting or recommend
ing any new method, and par
ticularly the method suggest
ed by the advocates of the
new stamp, he prefers to take
the preliminary move of conferr
ing with Collectors in the districts
where the tobacco interests are exten
sive, and learning through them the
views of manufacturers ou the subject.
The inventors aud advocates of the
new design for stamping cigars claim
that, with but trivial expense to manu
facturers, the Government will be se
cured in its collection of internal rev
eue tax, and that smuggling of cigars
will be utterly impossible.
FROM MARYLAND.
A Barratry Case—The Faithless Offi
cer Committed—Cardinal McCloskey
on the Grand Rounds.
Baltimore, June 22. —Capt. Chas. J.
Slireves has been committed for Bar
ratry. A schooner loaded with corn
from Fredericksburg, Va., for New
York, was taken to Baltimore and sold
for $2,300. The schooner was taken to
Accomuc and abandoned. Shreves had
been a fugitive for some time.
Emmittsburg, Md., Juno 22.—Cardi
nal McCloskey, aecompauied by Bishop
Loughlin, of Brooklyn; McNieruey, of
Albany; Mgr. Roncetti and Dr. Übaldi,
was received at Mechanicstown last
evening by Dr. MeMurdie, Vice Presi
dent, aud Guedrice, Superior of Sisters
of Charity in the United States, and
escorted to Mount St. Mary’s College.
They were received here by students in
line. The College band played “Hail
to the Chief,” and the distinguished
Prelates were escorted to their quar
ters. The College was brilliantly illu
minated.
Emmitsburg, Md., June 22.—T0-day
Mt. St. Mary’s College is filled with
alumni, and more are expected by the
train this evening, whilo a special train
is to be run to the college early to-mor
row morning from Baltimore. Cardi
nal McCloskey celebrated mass in the
Chapel on the Mouutaiu this morning,
and soon afterwards the Ablegate Ron
cetti officiated. This afternoon the
College Commencement Exercises will
begin.
“Tough glass” will materially assist
the master of the house in maintaining
discipline in his family. He can now
afford to throw tumblers at his ob
streperous wife without fear of break
ing anything but the latter’a head.
FOREIGN DISPATCHES.
The Pope and Italy Unreconciled-
Garibaldi Heads the Electoral List
at Rome—Moody aud Sankey Create
an Excitement at Eton College.
Rome, June 22. —The Pope received
several deputations yesterday, who
came to tender their congratulations
on the anniversary of his coronation.
The Holy Father replied that he was
greatly consoled in his affliction by the
marvelously increasing devotion and
affection manifested towards the church
throughout llie Catholic world. He
dismissed, as not worthy of mention,
rumors of a reconciliation between the
Holy See and the Italian Kingdom.
In the municipal elections held yes
terday, Garibaldi heads the successful
list, all parties supporting him.
London, Juno 22.—There was great
excitement at Eton over the Moody
and Saukey affair. A protest agaiust
the proposed visit has been signed by
650 boys, and a memorial iu favoi of it
received 300 signatures.
The London journals generally dis
approve the proposed visit of the re
vival preachers to Eton. The Times
deprecates unneAssary agitation, and
hopes the governors, considering that
only one sermon is contemplated, will
not make the institution ridiculous by
any interference. If this course is fol
lowed it is likely that the boys will
hear nothing objectionable.
At the last moment, Messrs. Moody
and Saukey have been notified that
they will not be permitted to hold their
services at Eton. Accordingiy they
have given up their appointment there
aud will go to Windsor and preach in
the town hall there at 2:30 this p. in.
Religious Riot in Prussia—The French
Assembly—Fire in Lancaster, Eng
land.
Behlin, June 22. —Serious riots, caused
by the Ultramontanes, occurred yes
terday in the town of Rheins, East
Prussia. The Burgomaster was stabbed
uud dangerously wounded.
Paris, Juue 22.—The Assembly de
cided at to-day’s sitting to pass the
Public Powers bill to a second‘read
ing.
London, J une 22.— Emery Dyson’s
mill, at Dawson, Lancaster, was burned.
Une hundred hands are out. Loss,
SIOO,OOO.
Quebec, J une 22.— The steamer Stral
krag is ashore on Bic Island. Assist
ance has been sent.
Mexicau Polities and Progress—Earth
quake and Black Vomit—A Contribu
tion to the Centennial of 1876.
City of Mexico, June 16.— The rail
way between Vera Cruza and Jalapa
was opened for public traffic on the 15th
inst.
Chief Justice Iglesias has withdrawn
his resignation.
Jose Caellar has been appointed Sec
retary of the Mexican Legation at
Washington.
A shock of an earthquake was felt
at San Christobal, and the vomito is
epidemic at Coatzcoaicos.
Paris, Juue 22. —The Bepublique
Francaise newspaper announces that
it will contribute one thousand francs
to a fund for the purpose of sending
delegates to the Philadelphia Centen
nial exposition.
FROM MAINE.
THE DEMOCRATIC STATE CON
VENTION.
Passage of Resolutions Condemning
(Irani, Congress and the Republican
Party—Gen. Chas. W. Roberts Nomi
nated for Governor.
Augusta, June 22. —The Democratic
Convention met, 639 delegates were
present. Samuel J. Anderson is per
manent President. The usual com
mittees were appointed.
At the afternoon session resolutions
were adopted embodying the following
declarations : The Constitution i3 the
people’s only safeguard. The lights
of the people and States must be
sacredly preserved from the touch
of military or Congressional usur
pation. Civil supremacy in times
of peace. Equality of the right of all
men under the law. A sound curren
cy, coin or its equivalent. A tariff for
revenue only. An honest preservation
of public faith to the public’s creditor.
Return to economy in the administra
tion of government, national, State and
municipal. Abolition of unnecessary
offices and reduction of salaries. One
term for President, with a salary of
$25,000.
The resolutions arraign the Republi
can party for abandonment of princi
ples, profligacy and corruption. They
condemn the Administration In strong
terms for the responsibility of the
Louisiana usurpation and attempt to
suspend the writ of habeas corpus by
the last Congress and pronounce it no
longer safe to trust the reins of gov
ernment in such hands. The Adminis
tration is pronounced responsible for
the present depressed condition of the
country’s commerce in all sections; for
crippling the ship building trade and
for the driving of the American mer
cantile marine from the ocean.
The people of Maine, suffering under
the burden of oppressive taxation, de
mand reform and appeal to all men,
without regard to party names or past
differences, to unite with them to se
cure this triumph.
An effort was made to incorporate
the financial resolutions of the Ohio
Democratic Convention, but faded.
Gen. Chas. W. Roberts, of Bangor,
was unanimously nominated for Gov
ernor. The Convention then adjourned.
GRAIN CROPS.
Report of Statistician Dodge.
Washington, June 22.— The following
synopsis of the condition of certain
crops has been received from J. R.
Dodge, Statistician of the Department
of Agriculture:
The condition of Winter wdieat gen
erally is still reported comparatively
low. A marked improvement is ob
served since the April and May returns
in the wheat prospects of the West,
especially in Kansas. The State aver
ages of condition of Winter wheat in
the Alleghanies are as follows : West
Va., 60; Kentucky, 81; Ohio, 57; Michi
gan, 80; Indiana, 71; Iliinos, 64; Mis
souri, 55; Kansas, 97.
Rye promises better than wheat, yet
it will not mature a full crop. It is beet
in northern New England and in the
Gulf States.
There is a small increase in the
breadth of the oat crop, caused iu
part by abandonment of Winter wheat
areas. Its condition is generally good,
almost a full average in the States of
largest production, but better ia cen
tral districts than on the Atlantic coast
or in California.
What is it that a poor man has and
a rich man wants ? Nothing.
BRITISH FAILURES.
Tlieir Effect on Trade—Causes of the
English Crash—Bloody Ambition of
Despots the Curse of the World—
European Capital to Flow Toward
America.
|N. Y. Star.]
We expect more failures, but do not
see why they should cause a panic.
The effect on us certainly cannot be
important, unless some of the concerns
on which there are bills outstanding
and sold here should be involved. As
yet there has been but one instance of
that kind, and the drawers of the bills
promptly gave notice that they would
protest them. It Is better for all, that
unsound concerns should go down, and
the more thoroughly London is now
weeded out the better - In the long run
the troubles there ought to benefit us,
for they will tend to cheapen money,
and turn attention to the better class
of American securities,
INew York Bulletin.]
The Depression in England
is the result of causes that for years
have been deranging production, con
sumption, values and investments in
all parts of the world ; a reaction from
which is now in process in every com
mercial country, but the effects of
which England has been the last to ex
perience. The constantly increasing
application of steam to production and
transportation, while ultimately of in
calculable benefit to humanity, has
yet, as a first effect, given an over
stimulus to business, leading to the
starting of countless new enterprises,
many of which were uuremunerative,
creatiug an excessive demand for capi
tal, establishing a rotten system of
“financing,” and resulting in spurious
appearances of prosperity which in
turn have produced general extrava
gance of expenditures and over
trading. The introduction of the tele
graph, also, though involving a vast
economy in the time and cost of com
mercial intercourse, has yet had vi
cious first effects.
Simultaneously wi'h these causes of
derangement, some of the most costly
wars of modern history have occurred;
beginning with the Crimean war, fol
lowed by the Italiau struggle, then
our own exhaustive conflict, then the
Prusso-Austrian war, and finally the
contest between France and Germany.
These accursed conflicts have left be
hind them some $5,000,000,000 of evi
dence of debt, representing the wealth
destroyed, but not the value of the
lives sacrificed ; and this precious scrip,
which exacts from the world’s indus
try some $250,000,000 of yearly in
terest, is counted as so much public
wealth and passes as a great financial
power on the money markets of Chris
tendom. The labor agitations of the
last fifteen years have also contributed
in a very large measure to the derange
ments now culminating. It probably
would be no extravagant estimate to
state that, during late years, strikes
and the reduction of the hours of labor
have together lessened the aggregate
production of Christendom fully 20 per
cent.
(Financial Chronicle.l
The British failures produce less
effect here on account of the suspen
sion of specie payments, as now there
is no anxiety about gold in bank, and
it can be exported without fear, and in
more abundance, as the supply is lar
ger than usual this year. But for sus
pension the banks would have gone to
work to check the export of specie,
have put up the rate of interest, called
in their loans, restricted discounts,
thrown business into confusion, and in
flicted heavy losses, perhaps ruin on
multitudes of worthy merchants and
manufacturers, because a few millions
of gold held here were owned abroad
and were sent for by their owners.
Great as are the evils of paper money,
suspension has a few compensations.
We can export ami have exported in
previous years several millions of gold
to check a panic in England, and yet
our banks are not as formerly incited
to stir up a responsive panic here.
Another reason why the crisis does
not more disturb us is that trouble has
been long expected. Mr. Gladstone
said some time ago that British trade
was advancing, not by strides, but by
leaps and bounds, and generated by
the Franeo-Prussian war and the stu
pendous displacement of wealth which
it caused. The fever was then at its
height; now the hot stage is over. We
are just at its close. One reason why
this crisis has been expected here is,
that in Europe the bears have been long
restive under the small profits which
their capital can earn at the present
low rates of interest. Their anxiety to
make a grand coup was exhibited in
the Philippart panic at Paris, which
was no doubt intended to have taken
place at the same moment when the
train was fired that caused the Aber
dare explosion in London. The scheme
was well concerted and brought much
disaster.
It would be instructive to trace the
financial strategy of the German, Eng
lish and French capitalists who over
threw their rival Philippart in Paris
and crushed other rivals more dreaded
still in London or Berlin. Some of our
shrewdest financial observers have been
making for months past a special study
of English finance. These gentlemen
have, many of them, been to Europe to
negotiate loans, or for some other
financial project which brought them
into close contact with leading men in
the financial circles of Paris, London,
Amsterdam and Berlin. In the opinion
of some of these gentlemen the present
crisis in England, small as its dimen
sions may relatively be, is interpreted
as likely to aid the movement of Euro
pean capital towards the superior se
curity of American investments.
A colored dame encountered a po
liceman on Tenth street yesterday, and
halting him she inquired : “ ’Spose’n
data pusson spits iu anoder pussou’s
face, is dat anything?’’ “Well, no,”
replied the officer. “Wall, spose dat pus
son whose face was spit into should take
de poker and drop de pusson who done
de spittin’, and cut a big gash In dat
pusson’s head, would dat be anything?”
“That would be a serious case, madam.
Did any one strike you with a poker?”
“Dat’s whar de pinch comes in. I are
de one who done de hittin’!” she ex
claimed, lifting her hands in amaze
ment and horror.
it is said that an Indiana woman was
recently struck and killed by lightning
“while in the act of shortening three
pie crusts with a pound of lard.” The
lady was certainly a little extravagant,
but we shouldn’t have thought it was
any of the lightning's business.— Cou
rier-Journal.
It (Sherman’s book) has the same ef
fect oa late army men that it would
have to sot a lively gentleman cow
loos 3 in a female seminary all dressed
in red. —Columbus ( 0.) Journal.
RAILROADS.
The Four Great Corporations that
are Struggling for the Supremacy
—Vanderbilt, Scott, Jew ett, and Gar
rett as Leaders—List of Vander
bilt’s Victims—Who Will Kill Van
derbilt ?
[Special Correspondence of the Cincinnati
Gazette.]
New York, June 17,1875.
This Is the Centennial anniversary of
Bunker Hill, and as such will be duly
celebrated at that famous spot. All
that I have to say is that we forget,
when our minds are thus directed to
the past, that Bunker Hill never ceases
in human history. We are always sub
ject to warfare. It is not so_much the
battle of the past as that of the pres
eut which concerns our highest weal.
Chai'acter is only attaiued through con
flicts, and to this we are called by daily
experience, and there is no discharge
in that war. I have often bcatd,iu
childhood, the vivid description given
by one of my aged kindred, who was a
veteran of that dreadful day at Bun
ker Hill, but since then I have learned
that human existence is only a strug
gle, and that day by day one must
fight his way through life. This is my
centennial address on the important
occasion.
Railway Fight.
Everything earthly must struggle
through difficulties, and only attain
success through warfare. Sometimes
this struggle becomes so vivid and in
tense as to attract general attention,
and this is now the case with the great
railroad war. The great object for
which four immense corporations are
fighting is the Western trade, and the
conqueror in this stubborn conflict wifi
win no ordinary laurels. There is at
present a rumor of settling the compe
tition by establishing a regular tariff.
This I consider, even if it be carried
out, merely a temporary measure. The
peace of Amiens was hailed by all Eu
rope, but it only lasted a few months.
The question of supremacy between
two great rival nations was to be set
tled, and until one should be vanquish
ed a long war was inevitable. The rail
way fight can only terminate by just
such a struggle. The question to be
settled is which of these four railway
kingdoms has the greatest endurance,
and only a protracted war can briDg a
decision. It is evident that two of
these competing roads can carry all
the freight, and the stronger will bear
off the prize.
Throwing Down the Gauntlet.
Walking through Broadway one
notices the grand structure with iron
front which contains the office of the
Baltimore and Ohio Road. It seems
strange to see a foreign corporation
coming hither for the purpose of cap
turing the legitimate business of this
city, but such is the case. The Balti
more and Ohio Company can afford to
pay SIO,OOO rent for this grand structure
since they levy the expenses on the
commerce of New York. They now
challenge competition in the carryiug
trade cf the Great West It is hum
bling to this city to see a Baltimore in
stitution taking precedence, but we
must make the best of it. In 1859
Washington Irving was invited by
John F. Kennedy to attend the opening
of the Baltimore and Ohio Road. How
little could he have imagined that the
track which then came into extended
service would be a rival to the road
which passes immediately in front of
his cottage at Sunnyside!
Railway Gladiators.
These men are Garrett, Tom Scott,
Jewett, and Commodoro Vanderbilt.
The gossip around Wall street an
nounces Garrett’s ambition to be Presi
dent of the United States, aud his
cheap freight is said to be only a
method of conciliating the Western
Grangers. This has a playful sound
and may pass for a joke, but it is evi
dent that he is determined to take both
the freighting and passenger business
from other roads, and the only way of
accomplishing this end is to put prices
down. Railroad men here look on Gar
rett as a Southern fiie-eater, and stand
ing at the head of the Baltimore and
Ohio he is in a condition for a long
war. One of the great advantages en
joyed by this road is its small capital.
Tue stock is rarely found in the mar
ket, and the last quotation was 195. It
pays 10 per cent., and claims to be
making money even under the present
severe competition. Jewett is receiver
(or manager) of the Erie. It is an un
wieldy concern, thoroughly bankrupt,
and can not pay interest on its bonded
debt, which is $50,000,000. Its capital is
$85,000,000, but no one expects any re
turn on this. The stock brings 10 in
Wall street, merely as a foot-ball, for
in reality it is worthless. The interest
on the bonded debt is $3,500,000. This
is not a large sum, but when added to
enormous expenses with a light traffic,
it makes a heavy burden. Tom Scott
is king of the Pennsylvania Central,
aud has great confidence in the power
of his road to pay its usual 10 per
cent, dividend, but the present war has
impaired the value of the stock, and it
would not be surprising if dividends
were omitted.
The Commodore and His Rivals.
Speaking of these great railway men
we next come to Commodore Vander
bilt. He is the oldest, the most expe
rienced, and naturally speaking, the
most gifted of the entire quartet. His
progress in life has always been mark
ed by war waged on others with re
lentless severity. Every step that be
has ascended has been by subjugating
the interests of others. The Commo
dore had the advantage of unusual
self-confidence. No sympathy ever in
terfered with his grasping ambition.
His motto was, “ serve me or I will ruin
you,” and having extraordinary ge
nius he was enabled to crush ail com
petitors. There is not a leading man
iu the transportation business of this
city who has not felt this, aud in the
list of the subjugated are such names
as George Law, Daniel Drew, and
others of almost equal position. The
Commodoro has, by his stern edict,
really killed several prominent men,
oneof whom was Alderman Richard F.
Carman, the founder of the up-town
railway station, called Carmansviile (or
15th street), where the Alderman passed
his last days. He owned a wharf where
a steamboat made landings in order
to carry passengers down, the fare
being ten ceuts. The railway tickets
were fourteen cents, aud many took the
boat One might think that the Com
modore would hardly notice this petty
opposition, but such is not his way. He
sent Carman notice that if that steam
boat was allowed to make landings at
his (Carman’s; dock, no train would be
allowed to stop at that station. Car
man knew tbat Vanderbilt was not to
be trifled with, and the fear of dire
consequences threw him into extreme
agitation. He went down to the dock
and gave a violent reproof to the ten
ant for permitting the boat to make a
JSJew Series— Vol. 3. No. 127
landing. The excitement of the occa
sion was too much for an enfeebled
name, and before the next day Alder
man Carman was a corpse. Had any
verdict been rendered, the true expres
sion would have been, “Died of Commo
dore Vanderbilt.”
Dean Richmond.
This man was a magnate of Buffalo
and was, in his latter day, tlie chief
mind in the direction of the Central
Hudson. After Vanderbilt hud attain
ed sovereignty over this road, he
allowed Richmond to occupy the Presi
dency on condition that his (Vander
bilt’s) regime was to be carried out.—
This was to give through freight the
preference. Richmond pledged himself
to do this, but the business men in the
western part of Neiw York induced him
to vary from the rule in their favor.—
As soon as Vanderbilt heard of this ha
notified Richmond that his hour was
come. The latter was in this city when
the message was received. Ha knew
that his removal would be a proof of
bio weakness and of Vauderbilt’s mas
tery. He had always been a leader iu
the Ceutral and ha could net endure
the thought of disgrace. It preyed
upon his spirits and brought on violent
disease. Sudden death rendered his
resignation unnecessary, and lie went
home in his coffin —killed by Commo
dore Vanderbilt.
Corning.
The same statement can be made of
Erastus Corning He was the greatest
man Albany ever produced, and his
estate was estimated at $5,000,000. He
was one of the origiual proprietors of
the Central, and w as for many years its
President, but when Vanderbilt ac
quired a ruling interest in the road he
demanded a change of policy. Albany
had been a stopping place, aud had de*-
rived some trade from the delay which
occurred there. Vanderbilt ordered
that it should be merely a way station.
Corning halted between the double
policy of his situation. If he did any
thing to impair his own city his popu
larity was lost at once. If [ho dis
pleased Vanderbilt he would lose his
distinction as a railway king. He played
fast and loose with the difficult posi
tion. and was 9oon turned out of the
Presidency. For a while he was allowed
the partial dignity of a Director, but
this, too, was taken from him. He was
old and infirm, and this blow pioved
too much for him. He sank under
mental distress and general worriment,
and died, or rather was killed by Com
modore Vanderbilt. We thus see that
the Commodore, like some Oriental
despots, has had kings chained to his
chariot wheels, while his path has been
over the dead bodies of his rivals. Like
all conquerers, his success has been in
tensely selfish, and, though he may win
human admiration, selfishness is essen
tially base.
Who Will Kill the Commodore?
Retribution generally follows in the
way of evil doing, and it has often been
expected that the cup which the Com
modore has filled for others would yet
be applied to his own lips. As he has
crushed his rivals in this relentless
manner, and seen so many of them go
to the grave, the question has been
suggested, Who will kill the Commo
dore? The answer is found in the
name of Garrett. This man has entered
the lists under singular advantages.—
He is much younger and has a great
power oE calculation. His road has
never been watered. The Commodore
made a great mistake in doubling the
stock of his roads, for the owners ex
pect dividends ou the increase. In ad
dition to the system of watering, the
Commodore had the Central enlarged
last year, and this imposes a burden of
$7,000 a day for interest. The road is
declining in traffic under Garrett’s re
lentless opposition, and thus the Com
modore finds another Richmond in the
field. Garrett will yet finish Vander
bilt. The latter indeed is cow dying
daily under the lacerating worriment of
ill success in the last days of life, and
finds his favorite scheme of watering
stocks re-acting against his interests.
Starting for the West.
Such are the strange methods of
mastering distance that iu following
these rival routes of Vanderbilt and
Garrett you start at diverse points of
the compass. If you travel with the
former, you go up to the Forty-second
street depot, and take a direct course
North till you reach Albany. If you
travel with the latter, you go to the Bat
tery, and, taking the Baltimore train,
pursue a southerly course. The Com
modore at present saves three hours
on the route, his time being thirty
seven hours to Chicago, and the price
of a ticket is $lB. Garrett’s time is
forty-one hours, but his price for
a passage is only sl6 25. The great
advantage which the latter enjoys is in
the transportation of freight. In this
feature he is “putting it” to the Com
modore just as the latter used to “put
it” to others. If it were not for the
local travel on the Central the Commo
dore would be driven to the wall. Gar
rett has no scruples as to declaring his
intentions. A few days ago I called
at the grand office of the Baltimore
and Ohio Road to inquire about the
quotations of freight. The agent de
clined giving special figures; “but,”
said he, “get. the lowest quotations in
the market aud then we will cut under.
We can carry freight cheaper than any
other road, and we mean to do it.” The
result is that the Commodore's freight
trains are diminished, aud even during
this spring many hands have been dis
charge J. Wages are cut down to the
mark, and among other signs of dis
tress is the fact that the company has
assumed the sale of books, newspa
pers, cigars, and even apples, oranges
and candy packages. This was for
merly let out to a firm, but Vanderbilt
feeds the need of retrenchment. The
extra dividend on the watered stock,
which he must pay or lose prestige, is
$5,000 per day, while the interest on
the expense of enlargement (which now
appears uncalled for) is s7,ooo.addi
tional. Here is $12,000 a day to be
raised, and to do this will require all
the profits of the cigar and peanut
trade. The Commodore is working for
dear life, but it is probable that Gar
rett will soon finish him.
A little three-year old, warned by her
mother not to put her fingers into the
chopptug tray, lest the kr ife’ should
cut them off, said: “God can make
some more for me when I get to
Heaven.” Her mother replied: “You
will not need them there.” “Yes,” said
the child, “I-shall; else how can I plav
on my harp ?” J
A young lady, after reading atten
tively the title of a novel, called the
Last Mau, exclaimed, “Bless me, if such
a thing were ever to happen, what
would become of the women?” “What
would become of the poor man ?” was
the remark of an old bachelor.
A Titusville woman nataed her cat
“ Love,” and her Dird “ Sweet/' and the
cat ate poor little “ Sweet” There’s nq
nonsense about a oat