Newspaper Page Text
Old Series—Vol. S5, No.
THE CONSTITUTIONALIST.
Ja*. Q. Bailie, Frauoia Cogin, Geo. T. Jackson,
PROFEIETOB9.
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On and after this date (April 21, 1875! all
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ed in, unless otherwise stipulated.
Correspondence invited from all sources,
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nications, or articles written on both sides.
Money may be remitted at our risk by Ex
press or postal order.
All letters should be addressed to
H. C. STEVENSON, Manager,
Augusta, Oa.
THE CONSTITUTIONALIST
FRIDAY, July 2, 1875,
We are sorry to learn that yellow
fever is on the increase at Key West.
Failures of large mercantile firms
continue in London. The end is not
yet. t >
Col. J. Caricature Harris has con
cluded to accept, in addition to his
other agencies, the “Sheet-iron Thomas
Cat.” It will inspire his mews.
Dr. Deems. —Rev. Dr. Deems puts
the case thus: “Remember Lot’s wife,
as the Bible teaches, and forget every
other man’s wife except your own.”
France has taken hold of the Phila
delphia Centennial in good earnest. An
official committee has been appointed
to make French contributions woithy
of that great nation.
Apropos of the Chambeklain-Kimptos
letter, a Charleston correspondent
writes us that the damaging document
will never be denied by Gov. Chamber
lain, “ because it is true and proof will
be made if necessary.”
The Beecher-Tilton jury still con
tinue at a dead-lock. One obstinate
fellow seems to be the obstacle to an
agreement. What a chance for specu
lation that great man has !
m
England’s idea of getting rid of the
inhabitants of the Fiji Islands, by in
troducing measles and typhoid fever,
has been a tremendous success. The
savages continue to perish at a fearful
rate.
Mu. H. C. Stevenson, Business Man
ager of the Augusta Constitutionalist,
called to see us yesterday. He has
built that paper up until it is one of the
finest in the South. As an organizer of
news he is unsurpassed. He is always
welcome to our sanctum. — Atlanta Her
ald.
We have received this note:
Me. Editor: I note the followinjr in the
Atlanta Constitution of Tuesday morning,
the 29th ultimo :
The parure of diamonds presented to
Gen. Sherman’s daughter by the Khedive
of Egypt is still in the Custom House.
What may “parure” of diamonds mean?
Will you inform me?
Parure is a French word signifying
an ornament or decoration for a dress.
A gentleman of this city advertised
for a good milch cow, in the Constitu
tionalist. Yesterday morning he rushed
into our office, and, in a state of ex
citement, ordered his advertisement to
be withdrawn. He said he had been
besieged by every man in town who
had a “ milky mother ” for sale. And
yet some people say “ there is no good
in advertising.”
Fifty years ago Wm. Cullen Bryant
commenced writing for the New York
Evening Post. It has become a leading
and wealthy journal, and yesterday
took possession of a splendid new
building. The old quarters were ex
tremely shabby, and the change must
be welcomed by the men who make the
paper what it is.
The Augusta Factory has made a
handsome profit of $31,000 in the
last six months. This demonstrates
very plainly, to our minds, that
this great interest has recovered from
the universal depression, and our trust
is strong that the worst is over and
the future bright and promising for all
such enterprises.
Old Sam Bard gave up the Atlanta
Post Office only under pressure. He
tried hard to “stick,” but the plaster
thin. The following special to
the Baltimore Sun outlines his com
paign:
Washington, June 29. — A new phase was
developed to-day in the matter of the At
lanta postmastership. Mr. Samuel Bard
has notified the Post Office Department
that he insists that he has not resigned the
office, but he looks upon his displacement
as a suspension under the tenure-of-office
at t, which will have to be acted on by the
Senate when it convenes next Winter. In
consequence of this the Postmaster General
to-day submitted the question to the At
torney General with a request for las
opinion. It is the determination of the de
partment to get rid of Mr. Bard, and if the
Attorney General decides that his letter
does as he claims, not constitute a resigna
tion, he will be suspended under the tenure
of-office act, and Mr. Conley, the new ap
pointee, ordered to take possession.
Send him as consul to Patagonia and
let the cannibals get Lold of him, if he
is not too tough for digestion.
Minor Telegrams.
Wilmington, Del., July I.—The Har
lan & Hollingsworth Company, to-day,
launched the iron steamship Brashear,
built for Charles MorgaD, and intended
for the New Orleans and Brashear City
Line. Tonnage, 2,250.*
St. Louis, July I.—The Times was
purchased by Col. John T. Crush, of
Independence, for $13,150.
Boy’s suit—Young girls.
(Bln 4 lail (Eonstitutionalist
FROM ATLANTA.
Alston and Clarke Go to Fight a Duel
But are Frustrated—Jefferson Davis
to be Offered the University Chan
cellorship—Col. Cole and Green Line
Freight.
ISpecial to the Constitutionalist. |
Atlanta, July 1.
Alston and Clarke went to West
Point last night to fight a duel, but
were frustrated by Georgia and Ala
bama officers. Alston returned this
afternoon.
Jeff Davis will be offered the Chan
cellorship of the University of Georgia
at the coming election.
Col. E. W. Cole says Green Line Au
gusta freight will be as low as Charles
ton in a few days. S.
[Associated Press Dispatch.]
Sam Bard Tries to Keep the Post Of
fice, but Finally Steps Down and Out
—“Here’s Your Watermelons.”
Atlanta, J uly 2.— Sam Bard refused
to give up the Post Office this morning,
as he had neither resigned nor been
suspended. Bard’s bondsmen then no
tified the Money Order Clerk not to re
gard Bard’s order as they were no
longer responsible as his bondsmen.
Bard then left the office and Conley
took possession.
Thirty-two car loads of watermelons
passed through this city to-day en route
from the highlands of Florida to. Chi
cago. A delegation of thirty-one Flo
ridians'go with them to make perma
nent arrangements for trade to and
from the Northwest.
The Railroad Convention.
Atlanta, July 1. —The Railroad Con
vention adjourned to-day, after estab
lishing about the same rates to North
ern cities as now prevails. The conven
tion will meet four times yearly.
FROM WASHINGTON.
Naval Movements—Decision of the
Secretary of the Treasury—Debt
Statement.
Washington, July 1. —The Worcester,
Hag-ship of the Atlantic Station, has
reached Norfolk. The Canandaigua
left Pensacola for New Orleans.
Taxation of the tonnage and vessels
of Belgium, Bremen and Sweden has
been resumed.
About five thousand new mail con
tracts commenced to-day.
The Secretary of the Treasuary de
cides that checks, drafts aud orders
drawn in the United States upon a for
eign bank require the stamp tax.
Debt statement: Decrease nearly a
million and a half. Coin in the treasu
ry nearly eighty millions. Currency,
nearly four millions. Coin certificates
nearly twenty millions.
New postal rates between this and
foreign countries will go into effect to
day.
Meeting of the Grange Committee.
Washington, July I.—The Executive
Committee of the National Grange, con
sisting of Wm. Saunders, of D. C.; E.
R. Thaiikland. of Iowa; John T. Jones,
of Arkansas; D. Wyatt, Aiken, S. C.;
aud W. T. Chase, of New Hampshire,
met here to-day. Among the subjects
for consideration is the removal of the
headquarteis to some central point,
probably Louisville.
BEECHER-TILTON.
The Jury Cannot Agree—They Split on
a Question of Fact—The Judge Locks
Them Up for the Night.
Brooklyn. July I.—The jury came
into court. Foreman Carpenter stated
they could not agree upon a question
of fact. Judge Neilson told them to
disregard affidavits submitted for a
reopeaiug and sent them back. At 1:25
Judge Neilson came on the bench, the
consultation having broken up, and
was followed into court by the eounsel,
who were received with clapping of
hands and stamping of feet. They all
took seats in their usual places and
conversed with one another. At 1:37
the jury came in and took their seats,
looking pale and exhausted; some of
them carried coats and travelling bags
in their hands, from which the audience
argued they had come to an agree
ment and were prepared to leave the
court. Judge Neilson requested the
utmost silence be observed in the
court during the proceedings. Tilton
and Beecher were then both absent.
The clerk called the jury, who answer
ed to their names in low tones. Judge
Neilson then said he was sorry they
could uot agree, and asked them if the
disputed question was one of fact or
law. Mr. Carpenter, speaking with a
low voice, stated it was impossible for
the jury to agree, and that he regretted
it very much. The question of disa
greement was one of fact. Judge Neil
son then called attention to the length
of the trial, and said that was the first
intimation he had from the jury. “In
our embarrassments,” said he, “various
considerations had been pressed on their
attention. Attention had been called
to the fact that after the argument,
and before the charge, some papers
had been handed up to him. He had
examiued them that evening and de
nied the motion for reopening the case
assuming for the moment that the jury
would forget that subject. He would
like to know if anything was lingering
on their minds with regard to the mat
ter, and asked them if it would be suit
able for them to state to him any ques
tions of law or fact which disturbed
them.” Carpenter replied that it was
solely a question of fact, and no agree
ment was possible; that in a month
they would be no nearer an agreement
than they were to-day. He said he
spoke for eleven of the jurors when he
said that he believed an agreement
was impossible, and that there was
only one man who believed they could
ever reach an unanimous conclusion.
Judge Neilson spoke, to them of the im
portance of the case, and asked them
to give it their further consideration,
requesting them for that purpose to
retire again to their rooms and deliber
ate upon it further and communicate
with him about 4 o’clock.
Judge Neilson has concluded to lock
the jury up for the night.
FROM NEW YORK.
The Evening Post in New Quarters.
Nnw York, July 1.- -The Evening
Post to-day takes possession of its new
quarters, signalizing the event by re
ducing yearly subscription to $9, and
a single copy to three cents. It is the
fiftieth anniversary of the day when
Wm. Cullen Bryant commenced to
write for the Post.
FOREIGN DISPATCHES.
Rifle Team Resignation—France Fa
vors the Centennial—More Great
Failures in London—A Patent Meth
od for Slaughtering Savages.
Dublin, July I.—Maj. Leech has re
signed the captaincy of the Irish Rifle
Team.
Paris, July I.—The Journal Officiel
publishes a decree appointing a special
commission for the purpose of encour
aging Frenchmen to participate in the
Philadelphia Centennial Exhibition, and
facilitating efforts of those who intend
doing so. The committee is composed
of members of the Assembly, merchants
and other persons, a number of whom
hold relations with the United States.
London, July 1. —The liabilities of
Dacosta, Raalte & Cos., just failed, are
$1,250,000. The liabilities of Kilburn,
Kershaw & Cos., whose failure is also
announced, are $3,750,000.
Advices received to-day from Fiji re
port there is no diminution in the vio
lence of measles and typhoid fever on
the Islands. Mortality from diseases
is great. It is probable that medical
assistance will be sent from Australia
to the afflicted people.
Still Harping on tlie Team.
Dublin, July I.—The shooting for the
Abercorn cup began to-day at Dolly
mount. The American riflemen partici
pated. The match was not finished
and will be continued to-morrow. The
best Scores were made by Pollock and
Wilson of the Irishmen and Fulton and
Gilderslieve of the Americans.
A complimentary promenade concert
was given this evening in honor of the
American riflemen. The Lord Mayors
of Dublin and York were among the
audience. The American team met
with an enthusiastic reception when
they entered the Hall. Signor Foli
sang an air composed especially for the
occasion, entitled “ Dear Columbia.”
KING COTTON.
Report of the New Orleans Exchange
Committee.
New Orleans, July I.—The Commit
tee on Information and Statistics of the
New Orleans Cotton Exchange, to
whom have been entrusted the duty of
compiling the national cotton crop re
port, made up from returns of Various
exchanges, submit the following re
port for June:
New' Orleans Department of Louis
iana.
Eighty-three letters from thirty
seveD parishes unite in reporting gen
erally favorable weather; there has
been no additional acreage put in cot
ton since the 15th of May, but there
haslbeeu some replantiug whose lands
overflowed; and to perfect stands, tlie
plant has been better cultivated thau
for many years, and is growing and
forming well; many blooms reported
to be excellent, and present condition
of crop is most flattering and much
better, and about one week earlier
when compared with last year.
Mississippi.
One hundred and three replies re
ceived; average date about stii inst.;
weather nearly universally represented
very favorable; stands fine, plant form
ing well, though too early for many
blooms; present condition is stated
very good and much better when corn
pat ed with last year. No additional
acreage been put in cotton; replanting
has been done where stands were imper
fect; labor continues plenty and effici
ent.
Arkansas.
Fifty replies have been received from 20
counties since the first of June; wea
ther has been hot and moist enough to
promote rapid growth and cause the
plant to form and square well; stands
are very good and no replanting been
needed, except in few exceptional cases.
Bradley county reports first bloom
on the eighth instant, but is only ex
ceptional as a rule; blooming had not
begun at the date of our answers. Our
correspondents are unanimous in rep
resenting the condition as exceedingly
promising and far superior to that of
last year. Planters are encouraged by
prospects of one of the finest crops
ever known. Considerable attention
and care have been devoted to the culti
vation of cereals, and, owing to the ex
cellent havest, the feeling of indepen
dence is very noticeable in our corres
pondence.
Charleston Department of South Caro
lina.
Ninety-seven answers from 27
counties report weather since May 15
as generally favorable with some com
plaints, cool nights, little additional
planting done, stands very generally
represented good; 34 answers say
plants are forming well; 39 answers say
few forms, and 9 do forming. All agree,
however, in stating that there are no
blooms up to date of their answer.
Present condition of crop good, the
plant, though small, being clear of
grass and some parts compare favora
bly with last year. Heavy winds and
rain storms reported in 6 counties
(June 7th) doing much local damage.
Lice reported iu 4 counties.
Augusta Department of Georgia.
The weather has been favorable ; no
additional planting, but some little re
planting done ; stands good and form
ing well , but no blooms ; general con
dition good and about as forward as
the same time last year; crops gen
erally very clean ; labor plentiful and
good.
Savannah Department.
The weather dry and favorable ; no
additional planting of any consequence
has been done; stand is good ; plant
vigorous and forming well, but no
blooms, except in the southern portion
of the State; condition good and crop
and well worked ; plants some
what smaller and a few days later, but
are rather better than the same time
last year.
Florida.
Dry and favorable weather for
clearing fields of grass ; stands
good. Plants are forming well, and
commencing to bloom. Condition is
good and compares favorably with last
year. The plant, though small from
dry weather, aud somewhat later than
last year, promises to be well fruited
at the bottom, which is the principal
part of the crop.
Mobile Department of Alabama.
One hundred and twenty-six replies
from 52 counties report the weather
generally favorable; rather too dry in
seme places but not enough so to in
jure the plant. There has been little
replanting or additional planting and
the stands are good and tbe plants
are forming well. There are very
few blooms. Condition, as compared
with last year, it is reported from as
good to much better. There are scarce
ly any unfavorable circumstances rela
tive to the growth or condition of the
crop and only a few reports of lice and
grasshoppers, and complaints of cold
AUGUSTA, GA., FRIDAY MORNING JULY 2. 1875.
nights and drought. The crop is clear
and in good condition and better culti
vated than last year.
Missouri.
Nineteen counties of return ; 56 re
plies ; weather . has been generally
favorable, though needing rain in
some counties and some complaints
of cold nights producing lice; there
has been very little replanting or ad
ditional planting ; stands are good and
§lant forming well—only few blooms—
present condition of the crop better
than last year at the same period ; the
only unfavorable circumstances are
those noted above; favorable circum
stances are that the crop is cleaner,
better cultivated and more advanced
than last year at the same time.
Norfolk and Portsmouth Department.
Fifty-five replies received from 29
counties in North Carolina and six re
plies from two counties in Virginia; 45
replies report weather dry and cold, 14
say favorable and only 2 represent the
weather as wet and cold; 54 answers re
port stand as good; some few com
plaints on stiff lands, some forms but
no blooms; 7 replies for as many coun
ties in Eastern Carolina represent the
stand below an average condition gen
erally; stand good, crop well cultiva
ted, free from grass and weed; plant
smaller than same time last year, and
from Bto 15 days later. Five replies
from as many counties in Easiern Caro
lina report condition bad; correspon
dents state that the weather since May
Id, has been too cool for rapid growth,
but with warm and seasonable weather
a great improvement may be looked
for in the plant.
Memphis Department.
One hundred and forty-three an
swers received represent weather as
generally favorable ; no additional
acreage put in cotton since the 15th of
May ; stands are good and satisfac
tory ; plants are generally squaring
and forming freely. On 12 reports of
blooms, dating from Bth to 20th, the
condition is good ; fields free of grass
and well cultivated ; there were some
complaints of too cool nights, lice, &c.,
dating from 15th of May to the sth of
June. These were mostly remedied,
however, by subsequent favorable
weather.
Galvestou, Department of Texas.
We received 120 replies from 69 coun
ties, embracing a period between the
15th of May and the 20th of Juue.—
Weather very generally said to have
been favorable. There has been no ad
dition to acreage in cotton since the
15th of May, but some little replanting
where the seed failed to come up.—
The stand very generally is represent
ed as good, and in the coast range of
counties tbs plant is reported to be
forming and blooming well. A large
majority of our reports agree in the
statement that the season is from one
to three weeks later than last year, and
that the plant is equally small, but
clear of grass and weeds and in good
condition, comparing favorably with
same time last year. Rains are needed
in many parts of the State, and in sev
eral counties serious complaints are
made of damage by the cotton louse,
and caterpillar. It is reported in three
counties, but so far ha3 done no ma
terial damage.
Monthly Report of the Agricultural
Bureau.
Washington, June 26.—The monthly
report of the Department of Agricul
ture contains the following relative to
the growing crop :
In a large portion of the cotton area,
at the usual time for planting, the soil
was wet and cold in the Atlantic coast
districts, and in a less degree iu West
ern areas. Germination was retarded
but not destroyed. Afterward the
weather became favorable for growth
aud the chopping process, with a ten
dency in places to an injurious lack of
moisture. A frost, May 19th, in
North Carolina, destroyed cotton on
certain swamp lands. Late frosts
were somewhat injurious in all the
States except Florida aud Texas. The
stand is much better than that of last
year, and plants are more advanced iu
growth, notwithstanding their late start,
and the crop is generally quite cleau
No serious injury has been done by
insects, though the cutworm is noticed
in some counties of Florida, Texas and
Arkansas.
The plants have been infested with
lice in some fields in Florida. The
threatened reduction in the area has
not been accomplished. While there
has been an increase in corn and wheat,
it has not been at the expense of cot
ton. Nor has the reduced area of last
year been much enlarged, Our returns
make only one to two percent, increase.
There is only one State (Georgia) which
has an official bureau for the collection
of crop statistics, which makes the re
duction of acreage five per cent., which
is within one per cent, of the result re
turned by our own crops in that State.
The comparison with last year is as
follows: North Carolina, 102; South
Carolina, 106; Georgia, 96; Florida, 99;
Alabama, 104; Mississippi, 102; Louisi
ana, 101; Texas, 108; Arkansas, 101;
Tennessee, 92.
The maximum June condition of cot
ton for a period of five seasons was re
ported in 7.872. The order for the
other four is: 1875, 1873, 1871,1874.
The comparison with a crop of full
vitality and normal growth in all re
spects, is for the present month as fol
lows: North Carolina, 92; South Caro
lina, 97; Georgia, 91; Florida, 94; Ala
bama, 101; Mississippi, 100; Louisiana,
95; Texas, 96; Arkansas, 90; Tennessee,
99. *
An investigation has been under
taken for the correction of the basis of
area in cotton iu vogue for years past.
The statistician has for years had
strong reasons for believing the area
heretofore reported in cotton to have
been too small for the past two years.
He has had a demonstration of that be
lief, and has not printed an estimate
since 1873. The figures published in
all the commercial journals are those
originally returned by our correspon
dents, with an annual modification in
accordance with yearly percentages of
increase or decrease. There are ex
tant no other systematic data for ob
taining the average.
There is otherwise, in fact, nothing
but individual guessing from personal
observation or desultory facts. Now,
the difficulty is this : In estimating
the average rate of yield per acre of
any crop whatever, farmers almost in
variably assume too high a figure,
either from pride in the .reputation of
their neighborhood for fertility aud
good culture, or the coatrolling impres
sion made upon their miuds by the ap
pearance of the best field.
On the contrary, with reference to
comparative aggregates of fields, to an
inquiry whether the total area in a
given crop is greater or less, oy the
harvest better or worse than usual,
their judgment is usually accurate. If
there is any bias, it will be likely to be
in the direction of an under estimate.
These general facts will be aeknowl-
edged by all who have any pi u :ua
knowledge of crop statistics. I'tsi
have been effectually attested by iru
experience of the past ten years of thu
department. This being the case, all
our estimates of yield per acre are now
made not alone from the direct esti
mate of the yeld of counties of all
crops, but after harmonizing the results
of reported local changes in the rate of
yield and in the comparative aggregate
of production. With regard to cotton,
we have obtained an actual census,
wherever it was possible, for a given
district, whether a large or a small por
tion of a county, both of the bales pro
duced and the number of acres upon
which they were grown. Our corres
pondents were urged to avoid esti
mates, and give only ascertained facts.
So a census of a few farms would be
taken here, a neighborhood there, and
occasionally a larger district.
The local officers were, in some in
stances, enlisted in the work. The re
sults are not complete, and are not
deemed quite sufficient for an authori
tative estimate which can be relied on
in the future as a perfectly accurate
basis of comparison, yet they are too
Important to be withheld, and will be
received by a fair-minded public as the
best kuown data for an approximate
estimate of the real area in cotton.
In the following statement, the num
ber of counties are given in which such
enumerations were made either for
their total or partial ai’ea respectively,
with the number of bales produced on
the acreage given in 1874 :
Acres
to the
States. Counties. Bales. Acres. Bale.
North Carolina. 12 70,402 202,112 2.87
South Carolina 9 84,249 271,417 3.21
Georgia .41 199,810 707,187 354
Florida 6 17,513 67,751 3.80
Alabama 13 62,534 245,094 3.92
Mississippi 12 105,280 303,060 2.92
Louisiana 6 56,440 124,016 2.19
Texas .38 139,762 4)4,005 2.89
Arkansas ......13 49,544 140,690 2.84
Tennessee. 11 25,654 83,934 3.27
Total 811,198 2,554,626 3.15
This makes the average in over forty
per cent, of the cotton breadth of Geor
gia 3.54 acres per bale, while the official
report of the State of Georgia makes
the number 3}4 acres ; results almost
exactly alike as in the reports of the
area of the present crop without per
fecting these estimates. It is evident,
that the true acreage of 1875 cannot
fall very much short of three times as
many acres as were produced of bales
in 1874, or at least 11,000,000 acres—
possibly a figure a little larger.
This corresponds with the mass of
facts brought to our observation an
nually for two years past.
In connection with the investigation
to fix the basis of area, preliminary re
turns relative to the present crop were
received. A synoposis of those re
ceived after the middle of May is as
follows :
During May preliminary returns
were received from 316 cotton counties.
The season is reported late in nearly
every instance, from ten days to two
weeks generally, but in soma eases
three and even four weeks. More than
two-thirds of the returns make the
season too wet, and especially in the
time of planting and germinating. In
some districts the past two weeks have
been too dry. The stand is reported
good in a majority of the returns from
North Carolina, South Carolina, Flori
da, Alabama, Mississippi and Texas ;
rather above the average in Arkansas
and Tennessee, and scarcely tne aver
age in Louisiana. The condition is re
ported below the average in Forida,
Tennessee aud Arkansas ; slightly be
low in Georgia, Mississippi, Louisiana
and Texas ; and the average in Ala
bama aud the Caroiinas.
POLITICAL.
Republican Platform of lowa—Demo
cratic Platform of California —Gov-
ernors Nominated.
Des Moines, Julyl. — The Republican
Convention platform is as follows : The
Republic is a nation and indissoluble.
Currency convertible into gold should
be gradually attained. Revenue tariff
should be adjusted to encourage home
industry. The efforts of the Govern
ment to collect the revenue and punish
frauds are approved. No further lands
to railroads. Modification of the pat
ent laws. Arbitration with foreign na
tions in the case of trouble approved.
Opposition to a third term, but approv
ing the National and State Administra
tions.
Samuel K. Kirkwood was nominated
for Governor.
San Francisco, July I.—The Demo
cratic State Convention platform op
poses unconstitutional interference of
the Federal Administration in State
affairs; denounces Federal corruption
in connection with monopolies; favors
strict construction of the Constitution;
tariff for revenue only; currency con
vertible into gold; power and duty of a
Legislature to regulate corporations.
San Francisco, July 1. —Wm. Irwin
was nominated for Governor on the
seventh ballot.
The State Temperance Convention of
California nominated a full State ticket.
For Governor, W. E. Lovett.
THE NIGHT SIDE OF NATURE.
Pestilence, Fire, Suicide, Railway
Accident, Fraud and Hanging-.
£ey West, July I.—There were two
deaths here yesterday from yellow fe
ver. [Signed] J. Y. Harris,
Health Officer.
New York, July I.—Leonard & Ellis’
Cylinder Oil Works burned. Loss,
$30,000.
Laramie City, July I.—Colonel E. B.
Carling, quartermaster at Fort Sun
ders, suicided. Financial complica
tions.
Detroit, July I.—There was a collis
ion of passenger trains. Engineer and
firemen saved their lives by jumping.
No first class passengers hurt. Fifteen
emigfbnts were seriously wounded.
Cincinnati, July 1. —The distilleries
of Schmitkin, Krueskamp & Cos., Fred
Mack and Stenville, of Coving
ton, Ky. were seized for irregularities
in manufacturing.
, Tonawanda, Pa., July I. Albert
Brown was hung here to-day for rape
and cutting his victim’s throat, aged
five years.
TEXAS.
Capture and Arrest of Cortina—Trou
ble Apprehended.
Galveston, July I.—A special to the
News from Brownsville, dated to-day,
says Gen. Cortina has just been ar
rested and placed under guard by Col.
Manuel Parrat, of the Mexican regular
cavalry. Cortina’s police have been
arrested, disarmed and imprisoned.
There is great excitement in Matamor
as, and trouble is anticipated. The
Government forces are in possession of
the Custom House building, and are
patrolling the streets. They have two
pieces of artillery at the Custom House,
and others in different portions of the
city.
“TO LET.”
A VIVID AND SIGNIFICANT PIC
TURE.
Something For Landlords and Tenants
to i muk Upon—l be Struggle of the
Rich jor Old Prices and the Flank
Movement ot the Poor for Living
Rates—Hard Pan or Universal Ruin.
[Frank Leslie’s Weekly.]
Probably at lo time until this year
have there been found so many houses
untenanted after the Ist of May. All
over the city, bills “To Let” cans iJ 1 be
met with, and real estate agents say it
is the dullest season they have known
for twenty-five years. And still,
moving day was closed observed in
the metropolis, with processions of
furniture carts and broken crockery
lining many of the side streets. A
great deal of it, however, went to the
storehouse aud auction room. The
truth is, the effect of last year’s hard
times is only now beginning to tell
upon our population, and never within
our recollection have sS many families
given up house-keeping. It is that
same spirit of economy forced upon
the masses by the reaction which set
in with the panic of 1873, and which,
last year, told so dreadly upon places
of amusements, next upon the retail
shops, and finally has reached the
householder. With profits curtailed,
aud merchandise ou hand not worth
within thirty per cent, of last
year’s prices, even the other
wise well-to-do merchant—finding hie
landlord unyielding, except inasmal .
reduction of rent, coal aud gas still at
the same old prices, aud servants’
wages no cheaper—has been compelled
for self-protection’s sake to abandon
the luxury of keeping house. Board
ing houses in this city are actually
overflowing to-day, aud wherever they
are well managed, proprietors are reap
ing a rich harvest. In some instances
those who have heretofore kept house
have taken to flats, but unfortunately
there is not a sufficiently large supply
of them at moderate rents. New York,
it is true, is improving in this regard,
as along Upper Broadway, especially in
the neighborhood of Fifty-second and
Fifty-third streets, apartment buildings
are now T being erected after the plan of
‘ The Albany,” which covers the entire
block between Fifty and Fifty-first
streets,and where thirty suites of rooms
have been rented at prices quite re
munerative to the owners of the prop
erty. Still they are too high-priced for
a large and influential class of the com
munity—those who have fixed incomes
raugiug from $1,500 to $2,500 per an
num. This class, thrifty and economi
cal, seek lodgiugs in respectable locali
ties, and cannot afford to pay more
than from forty to sixty dollars per
month. As yet, such accommodations
are lacking in this city, and hence the
numerous empty houses found all over
the city since the Ist of May. This
class, then, is driven to the hoarding
houses or to the suburbs—in most
cases to the former, as the ice-bridges
of the past Winter have changed the
determination of a goodly number in
this regard. In order well to under
stand how all this tends, nevertheless, to
keep up the rents in favored localities, it
must be remembered that the shrewd
landlord, who naturally looks only to
the best return he can get for his in
vestments, well knows that wherever a
family gives up housekeeping his house
can be leased, as a last resort, for a
boarding house, when he can always
get his full rent. In Fourteenth street,
to-day, the entire block between Fifth
and Sixth avenues, with the exception
of the Van Buren mansion, is occupied
by boarding-house keepers—in one in
stance, five houses being kept by one
proprietor ; in another, four. Could a
sufficient number of flats be found at
moderate rents, of course boarding
house keepers would not reap such a
harvest; but, in their absence, those
whp must of necessity live in the city
Have stored their furniture aud moved
into boarding houses, patiently waiting
for either better times or cheaper rents.
The much abused draymen, too, have
found out, to their cost, this year, that
May Day was not such a great placer
for them. Whether scared by the offi
cially published schedule of rates, or
■impressed by the laments of disap
pointed housewives, it cannot be de
nied their tone this year was anything
but imperious, nor were their demands
excessive, and instead of being scoffed
at by a thoughtless community, these
hard-worked men should have some
thing said in their favor. Could these
men be called to tell their May-day
story, some people would be astonish
ed to hear that often they are compell
ed to take pieces of furniture in pay
ment of their charges, or aro obliged to
wait for months before receiving their
hard-earned pay. And, indeed, it is
not only hard, but responsible, work.
In many families the drayman in charge
is held accountable for breakages,
and should a minor or picture be
damaged he may loose more than
he has made in half a dozen
May Days. Having to deal on such
a day with excitable, half crazy people,
his work is often interfered with either
by a dyspeptic householder or quar
relsome mother one of whom insists
that this must go first, and the other
says it must go last, while one fears
that things will break on the cart if he
packs any more furniture on it, pater
familias is apt to sold because the cart
man takes such small loads so as to in
crease the amount of the bill. Between
the two, and often the ihree, persons
in a family who thus annoy the poor
drayman, he steadily keeps at his work,
and towards eveuing astonishes the
movers that he has transferred them to
their new abode without leaving even
an old inkstand behind in the aban
doned house. Still, the cartman, who
succeeds in getting all of his pay on
May-day evening is happy that the day
with all its vexations is over, and with
a grim smile on his countenance he
leaves the family and their transported
household goods to their own resources,
well knowing th&t their vexations have
just begun. Indeed, even in this age
of reform, the man who could all of a
sudden abolish May Day and its atten
dant aggravations and nuisances would
be hailed as a public benefactor.
Dead-Alive.— Says the Knoxville
(Tenn.) Chronicle: “From a gentleman
from Granger county we learn that a
sister of ex-Governor Senter, to all ap
pearance, died a few days since, and
preparations for her funeral were made,
she being dressed ready for the coffin.
She lay in this condition for nearly
twenty-four hours, and just before the
hour of burial had arrived the lady
opened her eyes, telling those around
her that she had been with her father,
(who was dead,) and was going back to
him sood, but that she came back to
talk to her brother, D. C. Senter. Our
informant says that the last he heard
of her she was still alive, and that she
still insists that she will not remain in
this world much longer,”
OUR RAILROAD INTERESTS.
INashville Union and American.]
Advance sheets of Poor’s Railroad
Manual, giving the operations of the
railroads in the United States for 1874,
have just been issued.
During the year only 1,940 miles of
new road were opened, against au av
erage of over 6,000 miles for the five
preceding years, when railroads were
constructed in advance of the wants of
the people. The pause in railroad build
ing will give the country time to grow
up to the capacity of the roads already
constructed, and will also do much to
ward improving the value of existing
railroad property.
The total length of roads which made
official reports of their operations in
1874 was 69,273 miles, against 66,237
miles in 1873, 57,323 for 1872, and 44,614
for 1871. The aggregate cost of these
roads was $4,221,763,594, the increase of
cost being $437,220,560 over 1873, chiefly
on account of the increased mileage
and new improvements. Of the total
cost, $1,990,297,486 was share capital,
and $2,230,766,108 various forms of in
debtedness, principally bonds. The
average cost per mile of all the roads
was $60,425 in 1874, against $57,134 in
1873, $55,116 in 1872, and $59,726 in 1871.
The comparative earnings for the
year are shown in the following table:
Gross. Net.
1874 .. $520,466,016 $189,570,958
1873 526,419,935 183,810,562
From On
Freight, etc. Passengers.
1874 $379,466,935 $140,999,081
1873 389,035,508 137,384,427
From tbe above figures it will be
seen that the gross earnings for 1874,
a year of great depression, were only
$5,953,919 less than for 1873, while the
net earning during the same time in
creased $5,760,396, which shows a sav
ing of $11,714,315 in operating ex
penses. The reduction in the cost of
operating roads has been due to the
decline in the price of materials and
labor, as well as more prudent and
economical management generally. The
dividends paid in 1874 amounted to
$67,042,942, against $57,120,909 in 1873.
These figures make a very favorable
exhibit, and afford much encourage
ment to the holders of railway securi
ties. They show that during a year of
unexampled depression the railroads of
the country earned in gross 12.3 per
cent of their total cost, that is, of their
nominal cost, which is much greater
thau the actual cost. Their net earn
ings were 4.50 per cent, on the nominal
c~>st, and the amount paid as dividends
was equal to 3.20 per cent, of the total
capital stock. The gross earnings were
equal to $12.32 for each inhabitant of
the country, and the ratio.of total mile
age to population was one mile of road
for every 581 inhabitants. This dissec
tion of the earnings shows the wonder
ful capacity of our railroads even in
times of great depression. With good
crops and a fair fall trade, there will
undoubtedly be great recuperation in
railway property.
Mr. Poor closes bis summary with a
reference to the rapid increase of our
populatiou as an element in forecast
ing the future of the railroads. This
increase now equals 1,000,000 annually.
The constant addition of such vast
numbers is a most powerful corrective
of financial disturbances growing out
of over-production, as every industry,
so long as it does not extend its opera
tions, will soon find the demand over
taking production. Every trade feels
that it can rely upon a vastly greater
number of customers the next year
than the present. Our position as a
nation is in this respect most peculiar
and happy, as the rate of increase of
the population of others—particularly
those with whom we have the most in
tercourse—is very slight.
In 1880 our population will undoubt
edly equal very nearly 50,000,000. It
is probable that, owing to the improve
ments that have been made in machin
ery and utensils, and iu the reduction of
the cost of transportation, the produc
tive capacity of ’the people has been
doubled within the last ten years. The
earnings per mile of our railroads have
more than doubled within that period.
Their aggregate iarnings per head of
population are fourfold greater. If
the future is to repeat tlie past, it will
be seeu that the interest which is to
derive the greatest benefit from the
progress society is constantly making
in the useful arts is that of our rail
roads.
Action of the Recent Convention in
New York.
[New York Times.]
Since February last there has been
considerable cutting of rates of freight
among the railroads of North and
South Carolina and Georgia. About
the 16th of last month a general call
was issued for the representatives of
the different lines to meet in New York
for the purpose of trying to come to a
settlement of their difficulties. An in
formal meeting was held in the house
of Mr. W. R. Garrison, who represents
the interests of the Georgia Central
Railroad in this city, and an adjourn
ment until the 22d instant was
made. On that day another meet
ing was held in Mr. Garrison’s of
fice, No. 5 Bowling Green, and on the
23d and 24th inst. in the St. Nicholas
Hotel. At this convention the Georgia
Central Railroad was represented by
Mr. B. W. Rogers, its Superintendent,
and Mr. George Young, the New York
Agent; the South Carolina Railroad by
Mr. William McGrath, the President of
the road; the Charleston and Wilming
ton steamship interest by Messrs.
Quintard and Clyde, respectively; the
Richmond and Danville Railroad by
Mr. A. S. Buford, the President, and
Col. Talcott. Superintendent; the Vir
ginia and Tennessee Air-Line by Mr.
Henry Fink, the General Superintend
ent; the combined interests of the Wil
mington and Weldon Railroad, the
Wilmington, Columbia and Augusta
Railroad, the Charlotte, Columbia and
Augusta Railroad by Col. Bridgers,
President and General Manager; the
Atlantic Coast Line, including the
three last mentioned roads, the Old
Dominion Steamship Company, the
Seaboard and Roanoke Railroad and
the Northeastern Railroad, by Col.
Pope, General Freight and Ticket
Agent. Among other gentlemen who
were present, but who did not take
part officially in the meetings of the
convention, were Colonel Robinson,
President of the Baltimore Steam
Packet Company, plying between
Baltimore and Norfolk, and Presi
dent of the Seaboard and Roanoke
Railroad; Mr. William T. Waters,
and B. F. Newcomer, of Baltimore,large
holders of Southern railroad securities,
and Col. John B. Palmer, of Columbia,
S. G, President of the Southern Rail
way Security Company. After a lengthy
discussion it was finally decided by the
members of the Convention to main
tain the rates of 1873, which virtually
operate as a reduction in rates from
the North to competitive points in the
Carolinas and Georgia. By this agree
ment the rates from Boston, Provi-
New Series—Vol. 3. Tslo. 135
deuce, New York, Philadelphia and
Baltimore were established upon what
is hoped will be a permanent basis, and
tend to restore harmony among the
roads and keep the rates at standard
prices. No action whatever was taken
on passenger matters and the fares
will remain as they were before.
Ilia Own Lawyer—Where the Fool
Came In.
John Jennings, of New York,scorned
lawyers. Living, he had no use for the
ancient and honorable profession, and
dying, with a snug little property, he
became his own lawyer—and had a fool
for a client. The will of John Jen
nings, drafted by his own hand, is a re
markable document. The apportion
ment of the estate is in this wise: “To
me sister, Mrs. Carboy, $2,000; to me
wife’s brother, John Kindegan, S7O0 —if
be dies before he can get the money
his children can get it themselves,
Mick, James and Caty; to Celia, Mrs.
Lobin, S6O0 —if she is dead her chil
dren may get the money, .equal shares;
to Bridget, Mrs. Madden, £2O, and if
she is dead her son Fatrick or children
may get it; to Bishop McCloskey, for
the ‘nue cathedral,’ $50;” and smaller
sum3 to various charities. The codicil
of the will, not signed or dated, reads
as follow's: “Margaret, if you get $4,000
for the house, you give S3OO to Celia,
and S3OO each to the Margarets.” The
will has gone into the courts on a con
test. Two Judges have held that the
document is valid, and two that it is
absolutely void, and the whole case
now rests in the Supreme Court. The
most intense haters of legal technicali
ties and forms will not care to encour
age amateur will-writing to such a de
gree as to sacrifice explicitness to sim
plicity.
Wealth of the United States Senate.
Sharon and Jones are worth together
about eighteen millions of dollars, and
the following sums probably cover the
property of all the other Senators
Hamlin, $40,000; Lot Morrill, $30,000
Edmunds, $70,000; Justin Morrill, S2OO -
000; Boutwell, $60,000; Dawes, $50,000
Anthony, $60,000; Burnside, $80,000 ;
Eaton, $20,000; Ferry, $60,000; Conk
ling, $700,000; Kernau, $60,000; Came
ron, $1,000,000, Wallace, $70,000; Ran
dolph, $80,000; Frelinghuysen, $100,000;
Thurman, $60,000; Sherman, $700,000 ;
Morton, $30,000; McDonald, $50,000’
Oglesby, $50,000; Logan, SIOO,OOO
- $50,000; Ferry, of
Michigan, $200,000; Windon, $60,-
000 ; McMillan, $60,000 ; Hitch
cock, $100,000; Paddock, $50,000-
Ingalls, $30,000; Wright, SBO,OOO, Alli
son, $150,000; Stevenson, $200,000-
MeCreery, $100,000; Sargeant, $60,000;
Booth, $200,000; Kelly, $30,000; Hippie
Mitchell, $50,000; Davis, $100,000;
Whyte, $50,000; Bayard, $50,000; Sauls
bury, $15,000; Withers, $20,000, John
son, of Virginia, $20,000; Andrew John
son, $60,000; Cooper, $30,000; Dorsey
(?). Clayton, $20,000; Patterson, SIOO,-
000; Robertson, $400,000; Spencer, SSO -
000; West. $100,000; Bruce (negro)
$10,000; Merrimon, $30,000; Ransom,
$20,000; Gordon, $15,000. Some of these
figures may be on doubtful informa
tion; generally speaking they are based
on convenient rumor.—' “Gath” in St.
Louis Times.
The Mother of the Period.
|New York Correspondence of the St. Louis
Republican.
One year ago to a fashionable mother
was born a baby boy. She* got a wet
nurse, who romained with her six
months, and then, as the child liked the
bottle best, the wet nurse was discharg
ed. When the baby was born the
grandmother was there from her dis
tant western home, and shortly after
returned, to come no more till this sum
mer. In the meantime the young
mother has seen her child sometimes
once a day, sometimes once a week as
the case might be. The first thing’ on
grandma’s arrival was a loud call for
Tommy, and Tommy was forthcoming.
He was kissed and hugged, and praised,
and petted, and grandma just lugged
him about till finally, old-lady like, she
stripped him to see how much he had
grown. Then came a shriek. “Where
was Tommy’s extra toe?” Tommy was
born, with six toes ; Grandma knew it.
The family doctor was sent for, aud
when an examination of Tommy was
made, the M. D. unhesitatingly pro
nounced it not the Simon-pure Tommy
by any means. There had been a mal
formation of the original Tom’s feet
that time would not have remedied.—
Then all sort3 Of speculations were in
order. But one servant had anything
to do with the baby, and she had been
six mouths away, no one knows in what
direction. Thomas sets up in a dubi
ous position. If he ain’t Tommy, who
is he ?
Camille’s Difficulties in London.
This objectionable young person,
Camille, under anew alias of Hearts
ease, met with some serious troubles
in London recently, on her first appear
ance in that city, where her presence
has hitherto been interdicted by the
Lord Chamberlain. It seems that on
the first night of this play’s perform
ance at the Princess Theatre, the gal
lery showed marked disapproval at the
tone of the drama, and actually hissed
and hooted. “Stop!” yelled at them,
Mr. W. Rignold as Armand, “If you
are Englishmen, stop that yelling, and
those of you who have mothers and
sisters in this theatre, remember that
there is a lady on the stage. [Loud
cheers.) For myself, all I ask is jus
tice. Hiss me, howl at me, if you like,
and as much as you like, but don’t
abuse me before you have seen the
picture I am about to present you.”
[Tremendous cheering.] Some left the
house, but the majority remained, and
the play was continued, but received
little or no applause, although, indeed
there was no further hissing or hoot
ing. The play was not repeated many
nights. Indeed, if it were withdrawn
from the stage ail over the world, it
would be no loss.
Negro or Nigger.— The London cor
respondent of the New York Tribune
says : “ People here say ‘nigger.’ ”
From this it wonld seem that the mis
take is not confined to the Southern
States, if indeed, it be a mistake. It is
certainly nearer to the classical stand
ard than negro, and with the omission
of one “g,” would be the genuine Latin
word “niger.” The “i” being short
in “nigger,” the double “g” makes the
pronunciation in English original, and
possibly owes its introdution to that
fact. But, after all, the word is only
designed to define a color—black—and
the opposite of white ; and among the
genuine Africans of the West Indies is
in much higher repute than the word
“colored,” which they apply in scorn
and oontempt to mulattoes, hybrids,
bastards aud other inferior breeds,
One of the blackest members of the
last Legislature of Virginia took the
same view of the matter, and, in debate
in the House, always spoke of himself
aud his race as “niggers.” A rose by
any other name would smell as sweet,
—Richmond Whig,