Newspaper Page Text
Old Series—" Vol. 25. No. 122.
For our South Carolina Department,
Timon contributes a splendid missive,
in which there will be found some ex
cellent advice to the planters of the
South.
A letter from Warrenton gives some
interesting particulars of the efforts of
the Young Men’s Christian Association,
of Augusta, in that county. The mem
bers of the Y. M. C. A. are in earnest,
and earnestness, in religion and every
thing else, works wonders.
It may be remembered that during
the storm at Buda-Pesth, some weeks
ago, it was stated that ice of several
inches in thickness formed upon the
house-tops. Advices from Geneva,
giving details of a recent atmospheric
disturbance, represent that a similar
phenomenon occurred in Switzerland.
A very sparkling and welcome letter
from London adorns our first page this
morning. Sweltering in a hot office
and constantly annoyed by mosquitoes,
our mind travels across the waste of
waters to the mighty English capital,
and how we do wish we could have a
little holiday, plenty of money, and a
famous ride through Hyde Park !
We regret to learn that a war of
races is probable in the Parish of East
Feliciana, La. Whenever the negroes
engage in hostilities with the whites
they have always been disastrously re
pulsed. No doubt, Radical demagogues
are at the bottom of this miserable
business, who will lead their black
dupes into a trap and then leave them
to the mercy of the exasperated white
population.
The manufacturing business in Eng
land seems to be in a state of anarchy.
When only six mills, in one locality,
out of a total of 162, are working, the
outlook is ominous for capital and labor
alike. The fools and fanatics who
helped destroy Southern institutions,
here and abroad, are being repaid for
their rascality—and the end is not yet!
- —i • i>
Times have changed at Northern wa
tering places. Col. Clisby, of the Ma
con Telegraph, condenses a long letter
from Saratoga, as follows : “ No beau
ty—no belles—no eligible parties—no
prizes in the matrimonial lottery—sin
gle ladies ancient—beaux with grizzled
heads or wigs, or slightly bald. Shock
ing times—light purses—patched shoes
—no style. Colored waiters ‘never
seed sich times ” —quarters very scarce
and, as for fifty cents and dollars,
never to be seen. Niggers all on the
Ohio platform and down on contraction.
Hotel tables light on chickens and ice
cream.”
The announcement yesterday morn
ing of the suspension of Duncan, Sher
man & Cos., produced much comment in
the city. The failure of no other house
in New York could have created more
surprise, for everybody supposed it was
well nigh invulnerable. We can readily
believe the stories of the sensation the
announcement made in New York. The
firm had extensive ramifications and
connections all over the world, and
thefe is no telling who will be pulled
down by its collapse. It will be re
memDer*d that the house had much to
do with the building of the Macon and
Brunswick Railroad, and we have heard
it lost hsavil/ 011 that investment.
We resu) ue our publication of Geor
gia crop news this morning. The ex
tracts from various country papers are
discouraging, indeed. But day before
yesterday many counties were visited
by rains. There was a rain from Sparta
east to the Savannah river, embracing
an area of three counties abreast,
whilst along the line of the Central
Railroad, from the Oconee to the Sa
vannah, covering an area of twenty
miles right and left, glorious showers
fell. In the immediate vicinity of our
city, we had enough to freshen vegeta
tion, though not a sufficiency to rein
vigorate it. The atmosphere Tuesday
night and yesterday was perfectly de
lightful in comparison with what it was
last week.
A gossipy letter from New York to
the News and Courier represents that
ex-Senator Fenton whittles down the
Presidential possibilities to Wash
burne and Bristow, on the Republican
side, and Tilden, Bayard and Gaston,
on the Democratic. The same corre
spondence, noting that the Veteran
Corps of the 14th Regiment of New
York National Guard refuses to frater
nize with Southern soldiers, states that
the Brooklyn Eagle “goes for” this vet
eran concern with warmth. It advises
them that they are of no account what
ever, and that nobody cares whether
they like ex-Confederates or hate them.
They will go to Philadelphia, the Eagle
reminds them, “in a sectional and hog
gish humor, to take that place in the
line which ex-Confederate General Jo
seph E. Johnston, the grand marshal
of the day, may choose to assign them.”
When they get there they will “find the
woods full of Southerners, who have
invited the Northerners to take part;
men on either side belonging to organ
izations formed in the Revolution, and
entitled to celebrate the Centennial of
it—not men who think that a family
difference is a thing to nurse, to be
proud of and blate about vdien the
whole family, reunited and reconciled,
has assembled round the grandfather’s
hearthstone to celebrate the past and
pledge the future.”
Minor Telegi-ams.
Syracuse, July 27.—Mrs. Celia Bur
leigh, of woman’s suffrage fame, is
dead.
Cincinnati, July 27.—The Board of
Education elected Pendleton by accla
mation, a member of the Board of Man
agers of the Public Library.
"Washington, July 27.—Jas. Gilfillan
has been appointed Chief Clerk of the
Treasury Department.
®l)f lailn (Eonstitutianalist.
FROM NEW YORK.
downfall of a great firm.
Suspension of Duncan, Sherman & Cos.
Cotton Speculation and Wild Cat
Railroads the Cause of Discomfit
ure—Great Excitement in New York.
New York, July 27.—Duncan, Sher
man & Cos., suspended this morning.
This suspension causes great excite
ment in Wall street.
The doors of Duncan, Sherman &
Cos., were closed at 11:25 o’clock. Only
in a general way can the causes of sus
pension be ascertained. It is admitted
that the house has lost very largely on
cotton, in fact that is the principal
source of loss. Involvements with va
rious railroad enterprises, old and new,
also entailed losses. The liabilities
are understood to be between five
and six millions. Mr. Duncan re
turned from Europe about two weeks
ago,and has since been making a careful
examination of his assets, and finds
they are largely inadequate. He re
solved to endeavor to get new cash
capital, and, having failed to do so, de
termined that it was best to suspend
and make a general assignment for the
benefit of all creditors. The indebted
ness is distributed all over this coun
try and Europe, a considerable amount
being in the forms of letters of credit
held by travellers. The house was
founded in 1850, by Alexander Duncan,
Watts Sherman and W. Butler Duncan.
The latter is the head of the present
house. The present firm has been
in operation about ten years. Great
sympathy is expressed for the firm,
particularly for Mr. W. Butler Duncan.
The credit of the house was good up to
the hour of suspension, and had Mr.
Duncan chosen to avail himself of this
his house need not have suspended.
The greatest excitement prevailed in
the lower part of the city. As soon as
the rumor of suspension began to be
circulated, large crowds of people soon
collected, a majority of whom, however,
were attracted about their office. Many
attempts were made to gain admission
to the building, but the doors remained
obstinately closed. Even a telegraph
messenger boy was unable to gain ad
mittance until he bethought him of the
back entrance on Pine street, and
even then he wa9 compelled to
hand in his dispatch through an
iron grating inside. The numerous
clerks could be seen at their desks
busily engaged with their books, but
entrance was denied to all. At one
o’clock there was still much excitement
in the neighborhood of the banking
house, but no new developments of
importance had occurred. It is under
stood that a full statement of the
affairs of the house is in preparation.
The Firm’s Statement.
The following announcement has just
been made by Duncan, Sherman & Cos.:
“ A careful examination of our business
and affairs shows us most unexpectedly
that, through loss and misfortune, our
available assets are so reduced that we
are compelled to go into liquidation.
We reached this conclusion with
the deepest regret; but the fact
is that, up to the very latest
moment, our unexampled credit having
remained unimpaired, would have com
pelled us, if we continued business,
Hazard new obligations and receive
new confidences, which we were not
willing to assume. For the protection
of all our creditors without distinction
or preference, we have this day made a
general assignment to Hon. Win. D.
Shipman, of this city, whose address
for all matters connected with our
affairs will be at our late banking house
No. 11 Nassau street.
[Signed.] Duncan, Sherman & Cos.
Cotton Dealers in a Flurry, but Not
Demoralized—European Losses—A
Full Statement Deferred—Judge
Shipman in Possession.
New York, July 27.—The failure of
Duncan, Sherman & Cos. caused at first
much excitement among dealers at the
Cotton Exchange, as operations of the
firm in cotton were known to have been
very heavy. As the house is said to
hold a large amount of cotton in Liv
erpool, it is feared the failure will
seriously affect the market on the
other side. Most of their cot
ton contracts in this city were
settled, however, before their
failure and the depression which it
caused in the market here, was due to
discounting the probable depression in
Liverpool. At a late hour this after
noon it had been impossible to obtain
a complete or partial list of the credi
tors of Duncan, Sherman & Cos. The
names of the principal creditors were
declined for publication, as a submis
sion of the names of a few out of the
many who are interested in the failure
would, in the estimation of the firm,
be neither of use to the creditors as
a body or to those principally inter
ested. Some time will elapse before
it will be possible to submit
a detailed statement of the condition
of the house. The assets can only be
guessed at, but they will be much less
than the liabilities. About three-fifths
of the debts of the firm are held abroad.
Mr. Duncan is said to be deeply af
fected by the misfortune which has
overtaken the house, but he was
to-day personally occupied with
his counsel, and otherwise engaged in
adjusting his affairs preparatory to
definitely announcing to his creditors
the condition of the house. At 3 o’clock
Judge Shipman, as assignee, took pos
session of all books and papers in the
banking house. The Erie railway is no
way affected by the failure, as its ac
count with Duncan, Sherman & Cos. was
closed six months ago.
Charleston Untouched.
Charleston, July 27.—There are no
losses in Charleston by the failure of
Duncan, Sherman & Cos.
Comment of the Evening Post. •
New York. July 27.—The Post’s
third edition money article says, in the
foreign exchange market, the best
opinion is that not more than £~t 5,000
bills of the house of Duncan, Sherman
Cos. are outstanding and unaccepted,
it being the dull season with them, a
good part of their exchange business
having been made on cotton. As to
their assets, it is feared that a large
part of them will be found to consist of
Southern securities, as well as of other
roads like the Atlantic and Great
Western, which have but doubtful
value iu the market.
CHATTAN OOGA.
A Cotton Market to be Established.
Chattanooga, July 27. — An effort is
on foot among the principal business
men to establish a cotton market here.
A meeting was held to-night in that
direction in which much interest was
manifested, but adjourned without def
inite action until Friday night.
Santa Anna is 77 years old.
.A.UGTJ9TA., GA., WEDNESDAY - MORNING, JURY 28. 1875.
FOREIGN DISPATCHES.
Marlr e Disaster--Manufacturing Crisis
in England—The Russian Conference
—Singular Details of the Geneva
Storm.
London, July 27.—The ship Stuart
Haheman, from Bombay, was wrecked.
Five of her crew arrived at St. Helena;
the remainder, 38, were drowned. The
survivors were thirteen days at sea in
an open boat when rescued.
Right Rev. Conuop Therlwall, Bishop
of St. Davids, is dead.
The Manchester Guardian says an
alarming state of things prevails at
Oldham, only 6 out of 162 mills belong
ing to the Employers Association are
working.
St. Petersburg, July 27.—The Golos
announces upon semi-official authority
that the Government has not abandon
ed its idea of having a session of con
ference on usages of war at St. Peters
burg. It says all the powers, except
England, have accepted invitations to
participate and the conference will meet
in the Spring of 1876.
New York, July 27. A Ge
neva letter states that the storm
of the 7th instant there was literally an
ice storm, accompanied by a cyclone,
which, lasting not over fifteen minutes
at midnight, wrecked every window
and skylight, smashed in roofs and did
incalculable damage. The suburbs suf
fered terribly also, all crops being de
stroyed. The ice fell in masses.
Plimsol Snubbed—Approval of the
Spanish Constitution.
London, July 27. —The House, by a
vote of 173 to 19, agreed to give Gov
ernment bills precedence to-morrow.
This shoves Plimsol’s bill over.
Madrid, July 27.—The Constitutional
Committee have approved the whole
draft of the new constitution. A sub
committee will discuss with Ministers
to-day the question of conceding to the
West Indian colonies the right of rep
resentation in the Assembly when the
war in Cuba shall have terminated.
Crop Prospects.
London, July 27.—The Daily News
says the partial relapse in the corn
markets yesterday following the com
plete change of weather indicates a re
vival of hopes respecting the harvest
which the persistent rain of the pre
vious three weeks seemed wholly to
forbid. The Mark Lane Express, of
this week, says the average rise iu
wheat since last week has been fully
4s. here and in France. Here much grain
has been prostrated by heavy wind
and rain. Should the weather continue
fine the crops may not suffer much in
yield whatever may be the result as to
quantity. A return to former low rates
seems to be impossible with stocks so
near exhaustion, but millers are not
likely to purchase freely at high rates
while there is a possibility of an im
proved prospect.
Parliament Notes.
In the House of Commons this after
noon, Mr. Disraeli, in reply to Mr.
Dillwyn, refused to give precedence te
Mr. Plimsol’s Shipping Bill, which, he
said, despite its motives, would only
aggravate the evils it intended to rem
edy, besides it would require too much
time in consideration. The bill of Sir
Charles Adderly, President of the
Board of Trade, would give the Gov
ernment more rapid and direct action
in stoppiug ships from sailing.
FROM WASHINGTON.
Yellow Fever Still Raging at Bai*-
rancas and Broken Out at Fort
Pickens.
Washington, July 27. —Commodore
Cooper telegraphs to the Navy Depart
ment that he fears there is some local
cause for yellow fever at Barrancas.
Surgeon General Beall received the
following from Key West: “There
was one death from fever yesterday, a
relapse during convalescence. Only
one new case reported during the last
twelve days. Thermometer, 89.”
Reports received by Surgeon General
Barnes, United States Army, from
Brevet Major General Brannon, com
manding at Fort Barrancas, Fla., and
George M. Sternberg, Post Surgeon
there, show that the yellow fever is
raging at that place. On the 21st
inst. there were six cases, and on the
morning of the 22d, fifteen. The com
manding officer on that day asked au
thority to hire as many nurses as
might be necessary for the fever pa
tients, and expressed the opinion (that
every one there would have the fever
who bad not had it before. The Sur
geon General, in reply, telegraphed
him: “Hire as many nurses as you
may need. Any assistance this office
can give you is at your disposal.” On
the 21st the command was moved from
Fort Barrancas to Fort F ’tens, and
six new cases were reported from the
latter place on the 22d, making in all
20 sick there, one with the black vomit.
Oa the 23d seven new cases and
one death were reported from Fort
Pickens. On the morning of the 24th
thirty-nine cases were reported at Fort
Barrancas, one very low and two dan
gerously sick. The sick were well
cared for, and there was no panic. One
assistant surgeon from New Orleans
arrived on that day, and two more had
been ordered to the post by the depart
ment commander. Later in the day
forty-six cases were reported, but no
officers were among them. The wife of
Lieut. Ingalls and his child were at
tacked that day, but there were no
deaths. Fifty-three cases were re
ported up to 6 p. m. of the 26th inst.,
and four deaths, among the latter
Col. Randall’s child. No officers had
then been attacked. Mrs. Bran
nan, the wife of the commanding
officer, was taken sick on that day.—
The patients were having all they need
ed. Three additional physicians and a
hospital steward arrived from New Or
leans on the evening of the 25th. No
cases had been reported from Fort
Pickens since the morning of the 25th.
This morning the Surgeon General re
ceived the following telegram from
Post Surgeon Sternberg :
“ Fort Barrancas, July 27, 1875.
“ Taken sick—One officer, Lieutenant
Deshler, two children, and five enlisted
men. Died —Three enlisted men and
one child. Remaining under treatment
—One officer, 27 enlisted men, one of
ficer’s wife, Mrs. Ingalls, seven laun
dresses and servants and thirteen chil
dren.”
Bristow and New at Loggerheads—
Miners Pouring into the Black Hills.
There is a growing trouble between
Secretary Bristow and Treasurer New
regarding the employes in the office of
the Treasurer.
Prof. Janney telegraphs the Secreta
ry of the Interior he has found gold in
paying quantities in the Black Hills
and a good head of water amply suffi
cient for washing purposes. He reports
that miners are pouring into the Hills
from all directions,
| LETTER FROM LONDON.
Gossip of the Great City—The “Dull
Season.” Roller-Skating Musical
Notes—The Queen of Song—Sir
Charles Dilke— Vivisection Lovely
Faces and Superb Horsemanship-
Cricket and Blue Dresses.
[European Correspondence of the Consti
tutionalist.l
London, July 8, 1875.
Thinking that perhaps when your
readers had nothing better to do, they
might find a little gossip from this side
of the Atlantic of interest, I send a
short letter, hoping to beguile a few
spare moments for them.
London, this season, is said to be
dull, but, judging from the crowds in
the Park, the numerous garden parties,
dinners, balls, etc., I find myself won
dering what the full meaning of a gay
season would be. The present mania
of the fashionable world is for the rol
ler skating, so much the rage in Amer
ica a year or two since. The gardens,
“Prince’s,” arranged for this purpose
are quite beautiful. A band of music,
comfortable chairs, chatting with one’s
friends, and watching the skaters con
stitute the enjoyment of the discreet
portion of the assemblage—those who
have no wish to disgrace themselves
publicly, or who have learned by sad
experience that “all things are not what
they seem,” especially the deceptive
appearance of ease with which roller
skating lures the unsuspecting to their
downfall. It is very select, and mem
bers can only take one lady in at a
time.
London is filled this year with the
very best of musical artists, at the
head of which, in my opinion, stands
the incomparable Patti. In Gounod’s
opera of “Romeo and Juliet” her act
ing, singing and beautiful toilettes, and
above all her own mignonne beauty,
are without a rival. Signor Nicolini
as “Romeo” is very successful. He
affects, as far as possible, Mario’s
style and gestures, and although rather
like him in appearance, cannot com
pare with him in voice, nor can we ex
pect two such voices to delight the
world, within one age.
In Parliament there seems to be
little of interest going on just now.
I was introduced not long since to the
chief of Radicals, Sir Charles Dilke,
and am sorry to be obliged to confess
that he is a very agreeable, interesting
man, despite his principles, with which
we of the South have but little sym
pathy. He contemplates another visit
to America in September, and will go
through to Japan. He is a much
younger man than I thought him, and
very fine-looking.
The Vivisection bill, now before
Parliament, is of great interest
to the members of the “ Royal
Society for the Prevention of Cruelty
to Animals,” and proper restrictions
placed upon the practice would
have, no doubt a very wholesome ef
fect. Of course, public feeling is much
divided on the subject, and there are
some, who, like the Baroness Burde t |
Courts, think it should be prohibited |
altogether, and I am not sure I do not
agree with her, for it does seem but a
question of “might over right.” Be
sides wtiK’li, after oo very mi*uy rears
of vivisection, during which animals
have been tortured for man’s benefit,
sufficient knowledge must have been
attaiued to allow us to dispense with
further experiments. We might gen
erously absolve the animal world from
its obligation to bear more tortures
from us.
There are many lovely faces to be
seen in the drive, but where an Eng
lish woman holds her own, as a rule,
against all comers is on horseback.
There she is in her element. The best
riders in the “Row” this season are,
however, mirabile diccu —a Dutch girl
and an American ! which proves that
there are exceptions to every rule. An
American lady, weli known in New
York fashionable circles, is just at pre
sent in great distress owing to the loss
of all her diamonds, valued at £15,000,
besides other valuables. A French
maid is supposed to be the thief.
Next week the annual cricket match
between Eton and Harrow will be
played, which is the signal for many to
disperse, for the remainder of the sum
mer, to the continent, Scotland and
the seaside. The cricket ground gene
rally presents a lively scene, the lady
champions of Eaton being dressed in
sky blue; those of Harrow in dark blue.
I regret to say, however, that the sen
timent is not strictly adhered to, a3 the
Eton colors generally predominate, ow
ing to the fact of the light blue being
the more becoming to the fair English
faces.
But my letter has assumed volumi
nous proportions, so that I will bring it
to an end. Wanderer.
A CHAPTER OF ACCIDENTS.
Railroad Smashes—Singular Catastro
phe at a Funeral—Fatal Boiler Ex
plosion.
Cincinnati, July 27.—The Express
train bound East on the Marietta and
Cincinnati Road, fell in a culvert near
Zaleski. A fireman was killed. The
passengers were unhurt.
Globeville, Mich , July 27.—A boiler
explosion killed two persons. The en
gineer was fatally hurt.
St. Paul, July 27. — A mixed train of
22 cars on the Northern Pacific Road
went through a bridge over the Missis
sippi river at Brainard. Five persons
were killed outright. The bridge was
80 feet high.
New York, July 27.— During a fear
ful thunder storm yesterday afternoon
a bolt of lightning struck the carriage
of Capt. Johnson’s funeral, knocking
the driver from the box and fataliy in
juring him, throwing Miss Drew and
other members of the family into the
road, but without serious damage.
The French Assembly.
Versailles, July 27.— The Assembly
to-day, by a large majority, decided to
proceed to a third reading of the bill
organizing the Senate, the final debate
on which is fixed for Monday next.
The consideration of the Budget will
be resumed to-morrow.
The permanent committee to sit dur
ing the recess will be appointed on
Thursday.
Melancholy, but true! The water
melon season has opened. Spilking
was heard wildly shouting for “cholera
mixture” last night, maddened by the
unfailing response of Mrs. S., “There !
I told you so.”
Pittsburg has an “Anti-Treating
Society,” whose members are never
allowed to invite anyone to step up and
smile. As for declining when anyone
else does the inviting, that’s quite an
other thing, you know.
There are 800,000 acres of soil in
India underjute cultivation.
THE OTHER SIDE.
The New England Idea Again.
[Chicago Tribune.]
The Memphis Avalanche, in reply to
a recent article in the Chicago Tribune
showing that much of the present trou
ble iu the South is due to the fact that
only half the people are at work while
the other half live upon them, so that
there is no surplus of product, says
that the people of Tennessee have
taken their hands out of their pockets
and gone to work. This is a very
general statement. We would like the
the Avalanche to be more explicit.—
Have the planters of Tennessee, espe
cially of the western section of the
State, gone to work ? Have they put
their hands to the plow ? Are they in
the fields at labor with all their might ?
Are they picking, baling and hauling
cotton to the market themselves. The
Northern farmer is iu the field from
sunrise to sunset. His hand is on the
plow, the hoe, and the shovel. He him
self plants and reaps. He operates the
mowing-machine and thresher. He
does not ride horseback with an um
brella to protect himself from the sun
and lounge about watching others work.
He works himself. Now will the Ava
lanche, which is a truthful paper, inform
u$ whether the Tennessee planters are
at work with their hands, like the
Northern farmers ? If they are, then
is that State on the high road to wealth
and prosperity.
While in New England all persons
work who can work, in the South one
half the people work and the other
half, as a rule, live upon them, thus de
stroying the surplus of production
each year. To this proposition many
of the Southern papers take objection.
We have already quoted from the
Memphis Avalanche a statement that
the whites of Tennessee are going to
work, and now comes the Augusta
{Ga.)'Sentinel with a statement which
is evidently intended to be a clincher.
The argument, however, is a very old
and stale one, the fallacy in which has
been shown over and over again. The
Sentinel takes the ninth census, and
comparing six of the Southern States
with the six New England States, finds
that in proportion to population, New ,
England has a larger percentage of pau
pers and criminals, and hence argues ,
that the South is more industrious and
less vicious than New England. The
absurdity of this statement is of course
apparent by a comparison of the fruits
of labor of all kinds in the two sec
tions. Placing the results of agricultu
ral and mechanical labor, of mental i
and intellectual labor, of commerce and
the arts and sciences, side by side, no
one but a lunatic would dream of cast
ing a balance in favor of those South
ern States. The surplus is immensely :
overwhelming in favor of New England.
The South has but a small surplus of ,
product. New England has a large one
which goes into savings banks, into
investments of all kinds, and into pub- ,
lie charities. But says the Sentinel:
The six Southern States, with one-fourth
more population, have only one-fourth as
many paupers as Now England. Georgia
has a population of 1,184,000; Massachu
setts. 1,457,000. Georgia has 2,181 paupers;
Massachusett-i has 8,036-273,000 more pop
ulation, four times as Hiimy Pa‘JPeija
nd has a population of 187,900; Rhode
Island 217,000. Florida has 147 paupers;
icianu has 1.046—30,000 more popu
lation (17 por cent ), 899 more paupers vouu
percent). With regard to crime, we find
that in the New England States, with their
population of 3,475,000, there were 3,967 per
sons in prison on the Ist day of .June, 1870,
in the six Southern States named, with a
population or 4,404,000. there were 3,165
persons in prison. With 1,000,000 less popu
lation New England had 802 more crimi
nals—and criminals are called the traits ol
idleness. Massachusetts, with her 1,4d7,000
people, had 2,526 criminals, while Georgia,
with 1,184,000 people, had 737 criminals.
The figures are probably correct
But what occasions this disproportion?
Has the Seetinel not yet found out that
the great tide of foreign emigration
sets in to New England and New York,
and that while the industrious and en
terprising emigrants take their little
money and go West, settling down all
over Illinois, Wisconsin, Michigan,
Minnesota, lowa, Missouri, Kansas,
Nebraska, and the Territories, the lazy,
the weak, the thriftless, do-less, and
vicious—in other words, the paupers
and the materials of pauperism and
criminals —immediately settle down in
the large cities, and there they stay
and feed and prey upon the communi
ty. There is no power sufficient to
move them. They live upon the chari
ty aud taxes of society. They live
as beggars and tramps, and eventually
those who do not drift into the alms
house become thieves, and pickpockets,
and burglars, if not worse, and drift
into the bridewells and penitentiaries,
and, whether in the almshouse, or
bridewell, or penitentiary, become a
burden upon the State. These classes
do not go to the South because they
would starve to death there. There is
no surplus of product there, and no or
ganized charities for the support of the
helpless and thriftless classes. It is
only where there is a surplus of product
that they can live and be supported at
the cost of the general commu
nity. Hence the Northern cities
are now running over with this
scum of the European cities, pour
ing in every year in increasing num
bers, because it knows it can be sup
ported in idleness. But does not the
Sentinel see that the very argument it
has adduced only goes to prove the
statement we have made? The New
England people not only work and sup
port themselves, but they produce a
sufficient surplus every year to take
care of these indolent, indigent, and
vicious classes which Europe sends
over by ship-loads, and which fasten
themselves upon the Northern cities
like leeches. By the Sentinel s own
showing, the Southern States have one
fourth as many paupers as New England
and these paupers belong to the native
population, born and bred upon South
ern soil. What would the South do if,
as in the case of New England, thous
ands of paupers and criminals were
emptied upon her shores every year
from European almshouses and peni
tentiaries, the offscourings or the Eu
ropean cities mixed in with the indus
trial classes? This is where the argu
ment of the Sentinel leads. In such a
case the confusion and distress grow
ing out of the lack of labor at the South
would be immensely increased, and
both life and property would become
more insecure.
Do not let an unsuccessful first at
tempt discourage you. The first time
Gildersleeve fired a gun he put the
powder on the top of the bullet, and
look at him to-day. If upon the initial
endeavor you fall short of the object
you have in view, repeat the effort,
make another trial, once more.— lnter-
Ocean. __
The Rev. Dr. Parker, of Boston, is
defending the character of Judas Isca
riot, and some editor will presently
stand up and say that Parker and
pirate Kidd are the only two great men
America has ever produced.— Detroit
Free Press.
PHILOSOPHY OF STORMS.
The Unsolved Problems of the At
mosphere—Predicting Weather by
the Year a Possibility of Science-
Interesting Correspondence Be
tween Professors Wise and Henry.
[New York He /aid.]
Philadelphia, July 21, 1875,—Profes
sor John Wise, of this city, is best
known to the general public as an aero
naut, probably, but he has a better
claim for fame than that of a mere
balloonist; he is an experienced mete
orologist. He is a scientific aeronaut,
a sincere and patient student of the
laws of the atmosphere. All his ascen
sions are for purposes of study, not to
perform on a trapeze or hang by his
heels over the heads of an open
mouthed, wondering crowd. He is a
more devout believer than ever in the
easterly current, and, old man as he is,
it is his dream to some day find means
to build a balloon which will take him
swiftly and safely across the Atlantic;
a great feat, which will convince the
skeptical world of the truth of his
theory as firmly as his less brilliant
accomplishments have already con
vinced him.
Prof. Wise’s Letter.
Philadelphia, June 28,1875.
Prof. Henry, Sec’y Smithsonian Institu
tion, Washington. D. C.:
Dear Sir : From observed facts and
conditions of the atmosphere during
my aerial soundings, I have reason to
believe that our atmospheric phenome
na are the result of outside pressure
by planetary perturbations—that is to
say, that the ether of space pushed
aside by the movement of adjacent
planets, causes action on the elastic
shell of our globe—l mean, its atmos
phere.
Is it not questionable whether, in
our storms, the incipient cause is upris
ing or down-pushing air? Certain it is
that when any portion of our atmos
phere is pushed inward there must fol
low a correlative outward flow at an
other place. This will be followed by a
wave motion passing over basins and
highlands differently heated, causing
condensations and rarefactions, and
give rise to vortices, pressure, and suc
tions, and these give rise to water
spouts, cloud-bursts, thunder-gusts,
and storms in general.
If our earth is spherical and has a
constant, regular motion, and constant
Equator heat and Polar cold, we should
have constant climatic seasons—l mean
constant repetitions of yearly weather.
Our yearly weather differing much one
year from the other, we are compelled
to look for the cause outside of our
atmosphere. The perturbations made
by Mars and Venus on our earth’s
shell would go a little way to account
for the irregularity of our years and
seasons. These large bodies moving
through a resisting medium must pro
duce waves and ripples in it and cause
climatic perturbations in the atmos
pheres subjected to their action.
My main object in writing to you is
to have you suggest some method by
by which I could test this theory. The
barometer will not alone do it, though
it did appear while up in au annulus of
cumuli with Dr. Chas. C. Cresson a few
weeks ago that in a close observation
of our horizon lines and the fluctuation
of our aneroiu, a neavlug process of
atmosphere was going on, like a spas
modic breathing. We were all this time
nearly over the same spot on the earth.
We were at the time 7,000 feet high,
aud the air was quite warm. We were
pushed gradually out of this annulus
and downward, so that fifty pounds of
ballast did not save us from a plunge
to the earth.
I know how assiduously you study to
promote the science of meteorology,
and having drawn my earliest inspira
tions of its investigations from your
teachings, you will excuse me in draw
ing your attention in your multifarious
duties for advice or suggestion as to
the best method of observation to this
interesting subject. We ought to
learn to “ probability ” the year-weath
er, as we now do the day-weather.—
There must be isobarometric and iso
thermal gauges iu the photosphere, as
there are in our atmosphere.
Truly your friend and fellow-citizen,
John Wise.
Professor Henry’s Letter.
Smithsonian Institution, (
Washington, July 16,1875. \
John Wise, Esq., Philadelphia:
Sik : In reply to your letter of the
28th of June, received during ray ab
sence, I have to say that there are tw :>
great causes of meteorological pheno
mena. The first is that of the relative
position of the sun and earth in space,
or in other words, the variable eccen
tricity of the earth’s orbit, and also the
change in the earth’s perihelion in re
gard to the different seasons of the
year. Changes, however, due to these
causes are of a secular character, and
are imperceptible from year to year,
and only give rise to effects which are
perceptible in geological periods. The
next elass of phenomena are those due to
the obliquity of the earth’s axis produc
ing Summer and Winter. Nearly all the
other phenomena can be explained in a
general way by the distribution of land
and water on the surface of the earth,
the former being heated by the direct
rays of the sun with six times the ra
pidity of the latter, giving rise to up
ward and downward currents and per
turbations, tending to disturb the reg
ular flow of air which would take place
on* the surface of a globe entirely cov
ered with water. That the attraction
of the sun and moon and even the plan
ets must have some influence on the
serial covering of the earth must be
admitted from all analogy; but whether
these actions produce any change in
the amount of rain or in the direction
of the wind has not yet been deter
mined. All speculations as to the effect
of our earth’s motion through the ethe
rial medium is of too indefinite a char
acter to be made use of in the way of
deductions, which may serve as guides
to investigation. If the earth produced
any disturbance upon the etherial
medium in its passage through it, the
effect would be observed in astronomi
cal observations ; but nothing of this
kind has as yet been discovered. I
think the theory of an uprising spout
in the case of our thunder storms has
been fully established. You have your
self stated in some of your earlier ob
servations that your balloon was
caught in a vortex, carried upward,
and thrown off to the side ; caught up
again and again thrown out, if I mis
take not. The fall of your balloon un
der a cloud was probably due to a dif
ference of specific gravity of the air in
that position.
I would advise that you continue to
carefully observe phenomena, irrespec
tive of any hypothesis, and publish the
results. Facts will always stand the
test of time, and will ever be in demand
as food for speculation.
Very truly yours,
Joseph Henry,
Secretary Smithsonian Institution.
GEORGIA CROP NEWS.
Rain at Last.
We are gratified to report heavy
rains along the Central Railroad from
beyond Milieu aud extending nearly to
No. 3. Parties from the Ogeechee re
port rain in that section yesterday.
The indications now are that we will
have a good rain, which has been so
much needed, within the next few days.
—Savannah Neivs.
The Weather.
We have held this paragraph open
as long as possible, with the hope of
being able to report a good rain. There
were several apparent attempts at
showers yesterday, all of which were
unsuccessful. The clouds contined to
thicken all the afternoon, however, and
about half past eight o’clock it began
to thunder and lightning. At about
ten o’clock a slow but steady rain be
gan to fall, which is kept up till the
present writing—midnight. We hope
it will continue until the hot ground is
cooled and soaked, and parching,
crisped vegetation thoroughly revived.
—Macon Telegraph.
Rain at Perry.
From a gentleman who came up
from Perry yesterday we learn that
that town was refreshed by a pleasant
shower of rain, which fell during the
afternoon. The shower did not extend
very far this side of Perry.— Maccm
Telegraph.
The Drouth in Jackson.
From all the facts we are able to
gather, speaking in “general terms,”
the crop prospects are still very en
couraging. While this is true, we re
gret to learn that in some sections of
Jackson, Gwinnett and the counties ad
joining the drouth has been so severe
as to preclude the possibility of more
than a “half crop,” if that. Accounts
of this nature, however, are frequently
exaggerated, and we are induced to
hope for better things yet.— Forrest
News.
Half a Crop of Cotton.
The crops are fearfully injured by
the drouth. Many farmers say it will
be almost impossible to make a half
crop of cotton. This is bad news, for
if the planters ever needed a crop, they
do now.— Thomasville Times.
Skidaway Island.
The Savannah News says great dis
tress prevails among the colored peo
ple planting on Skidaway Island, in
consequence of the drouth which has
destroyed nearly their entire crop and
left them in a state of destitution.
Columbus and That Vicinitv.
The Columbus Enquirer-Sun says
that since the Ist day of June only 2.72
inches of raid have fallen in Columbus,
against 11.43 inches for the same peri
od last year. Not a drop the last week,
the week before eighty-eight hund
redths of one inch, and the week still
preceding ninety-five hundredths of an
inch. A really good rain has not beeu
enjoyed since the Ist of May. In con
sequence, crops of both corn and
cotton are suffering terribly, and
this is not only the condition of
things in this section, but all i-vei
the South. Unless we get rain soon
the corn will be ruined. The stalks are
now shriveling, badly, and cotton is
shedding squares and bolls. Flatter
ing prospects are being dissipated daily,
and gloomy views succeding. Every
thing is indeed in a critical condition.
Rains coming at proper times will ef
fect much improvement, but planters
are now very despondent and consider
that the ruin in many cases is remedi
less. The river above the City Mills is
lower than we have seen it for several
years. The water coming over the City
Mills’ dam is only about thirty-five feet
wide, the dam showing all the rest of
the way. Rocks can be seen in places
where they were never supposed to be.
Gloomy News from Decatur.
The crop prospect in Decatur county
is gloomy indeed. Many farmers have
had no rain for eleven weeks, and the
whole county is now famishing for it.
Corn is burnt up and whole fields of
cotton would burn like a dry prairie
were a match applied. The sweet
potato crop will be short, as the parched
weather has prevented the planting of
“slips” or vines. With the present
prospects the crops of Decatur will this
year be a total failure.— Bainbridge
Democrat.
The Thermometer at 106 in Jasper.
The Jasper county Banner declares
the thermometer rose in that office to
102 degrees from 2 to 4 p. m. on Satur
day, and at 8 p. m. stood at 104 de
grees. Is the editor a salamander ?
Jasper claims 30,000 bushels of wheat
as the yield of the present year.
Fish Boiled to Death.
Reports of heat and drought multi
ply. The corn crop, and even the cot
ton crop, is endangered by the hot,
rainless days. From Florida, from
Columbus, from Augusta, and from be
tween, comes a desire for rain. But of
all the stories of hot weather, the fol
lowing, from the Columbus Enquirer,
is the hardest to believe :
In a lagoon near Shorter’s depot, on
the Western Railroad of Alaba, it is re
ported on reliable authority that the
water has become so boated by the
sun’s rays that the fish are dying.—
Some fifteen bushels of trout—some
weighing two pounds—perch, and black
fish were floating on the surface on
Monday. A short time ago a party
muddied these waters and caught some
three hundred pounds of fish in a very
short time.
Our truck gardens are in a pitiable
condition for the want of rain. All
kinds of vegetables are being parched.
—Savannah Advertiser.
Oh, for a rain. We are suffering in
the flesh for want of a good shower.
The farmers are beginning to look des
perate.— Cuthbert Appeal.
How He Resisted Temptation.— A
member of a colored Church in \ icks
burg was the other evening conversing
earnestly with an acquaintance, and
seeking to have him change into better
paths, but the friend said that he was
too often tempted to permit him to be
come a Christian.
“War’s yer backbone, dat ye can t
rose up and stand temptation!” ex
claimed the good man. “I was dat way
myself once. Right in dis here town I
had a chance to steal a pa’r o’ boots—
mighty nice ones, too. Nobody was
dar to see me, and I reached out my
hand and de debbil said take ’em. Den
a good sperit whispered fur me to let
dem boots alone.”
“And didfft you take ’em?”
“No, sah—not much. I took a pa’r o’
cheap shoes off de shelf and left dem
boots alone'”
-New Series—Vol. 3. JNTo. 167.
WEALTH OF THE SECTIONS.
♦ ♦
I Some Pacts and Pig-urea—llow the
South May Become Rich and Pow
erful.
(Nashville Union and American.]
A correspondent of the New York
Evening Post has condensed the census
statistics in regard to the wealth of the
country. The average personal wealth
throughout the whole United States
and Territories is §772, and the wealth
per capita in the various States is as
follows : In Alabama, §202; Arkansas
§322; California, §1,097; Connecticut,
§1,441; Delaware, §777; Florida, §234;
Georgia, §226; Illinois, §835; Indiana,
§754; lowa, §600; Kansas, §506; Ken
tucky, §431; Louisiana, §454; Maine,
§555; Maryland, §824; Massachusetts,
§1,463; Michigan, §605; Minnesota,
§513; Mississippi, §252; Missouri, §746;
Nebraska, §435; Nevada, §530; New
Hampshire, §793; New York, §1,481;
North Carolina, §243; Ohio, §838; Ore
gon, §596; Pennsylvania, §1,081; Rhode
Island, §1,366; South Carolina, §294;
Tennessee, §395; Texas, 194; Vermont,
§811; Virginia, §334; West Virginia,
§431; Wisconsin, §659.
The above figures do injustice to the
South in two ways ;
1. They divide the estimated proper
ty of the white population equally with
four million freedmen, which obviously
reduces very much the average wealth
held by each person considered as a
whole.
2. These freedmen had been acquired
as property by the white citizens of the
South quite as much as any property
held in the non-slaveholding States.
The loss of this wealth by emancipa
tion has no compensation in fact or in
figures, as shown by the United States
census of 1870. Make fair allowance
for losses by the war, by emancipation,
and by carpet-bag rule from 1865 to
1870, and the wonder is that the white
citizens of the South had left as much
wealth as the census credits them with,
Our farms and farming lands are put
in at very low prices compared with
those in New York, which has a greater
amount of capital per capita than any
other State in the Union. Her city
property is also estimated at prices far
above what it can be sold for at this
time.
With good management, the South
may soon become the richest section of
the United States, according to the
number of its inhabitants, because its
resources are the best. Its true policy
is to concentrate values by spinning
cotton into thread worth twice as much
per pound as the raw material, thereby
diminishing the cost of transportation,
withdrawing labor from cotton culture,
and counteracting the tendency to
over production. We should have no
land lying idle on which grass will
grow to keep sheep, cattle, horses,
mules and hogs. A good article of
farm stock sells high in all the East
ern and Northern States, and beyond
reasonable doubt, the mild climate of
the South presents very favorable op
portunities for raising grass, corn, cow
peas, and stock feed of every kind. As
long as water runs in the South, grass
will grow. Wealth grows as naturally
as any agricultural plant; and it is
mainly from this source that our in
dustry must recuperate its damaged
fortunes. Let the soil, rain and sun
shine do more work for the public
good. These we have at our doors,
ready for use, without waiting for un
certain immigrants, and foreign capital.
Wealth and independence come as
every man learns to tote his own skil
let. It makes him a Hercules in achive
ment, developing self-reliance, econo
my, and indomitable energy.
— in
WIT AND WISDOM.
Subsided—Spelling matches.
There is no antidote to aconite.
Standing collars are getting higher.
Ouida lives in grand style in Flor
ence.
The Graphic calls him Geo. H. Pen
dulum.
A white turtle at Key West weighs
300 pounds.
A belle at Saratoga wears diamonds
on her shoes.
The devil is most devilish when he
is respectable.
Beautiful villas along the Hudson are
for sale at one-third their value.
A Wisconsin school teacher puts her
scholars at readiug newspapers.
Miss Sidney Cowell, who is Mrs.
Giddens, is said to be another Lotta.
A Graphic correspondent says he
has not seen a pretty woman at Sara
toga.
Texas boasts anew paper called the
Thunderbolt. Rather a flash name,
isn’t it?
Volunteers to the front, Gen. How
ard says that missionaries are wanted
in Alaska.
The death rate of babies in New York
is 86 a day.
According to a Kansas paper, the
New York World is “the subsidized
mouthpiece of a kid glove oligarchy.”
The State of Illinois presents this ex
traordinary paradox: A diocese with
out a Bishop, and a Bishop without, a
diocese.
Fechter’s attack of heart disease is
said to be due to the fact that the man
ager of the Royal Theatre, of Montreal,
cheated him.
The Scotia, the last side-wheeler of
the Cunard Line, has been withdrawn,
as too expensive and too easily disor
dered to be worth keeping.
How are the mighty fallen, when a
Boston paper describes the weapons of
amatory warfare in the shape of fan
flirtations with all that that implies.
A Brooklyn reporter, writing about a
rabid cur, said that “an unknown wo
man and several othor dogs were bit
ten.” How demoralizing the late trial
has been!
It is said that red pepper, thrown on
a hot meeting-house stove during a
session of the Saints, will turn their
thoughts away from Zion about as
quick as anything.
The Marquis d’Hautpoul, who sacri
ficed his life in the inundations, was
found naked, with one finger cut off.
On that finger he always wore a very
valuable ring.
The Sultan of Turkey has eight hun
dred wives, and every time Brigham
Young thinks of it, he gives his poor
little sixty-three partners a glance of
contempt and pity.
Foreigners are astonished that the
country has not yet illuminated at
large in honor of the birth of Grant’s
grand-baby. Break a bottle of whiskey
on deck. That will do.
“Has Donaldson gone up ?” asks the
Herald. We think it is universally ac
knowledged that he has—the great
question would appear to be whether
he has come down again.