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Old Series--Vol. 25. No. 122. It will be seen by referring to our news columns that an analysis of the Tote at Rome, for and against compro mise, was determined by a negro bal ance of power. The beauties of the XYth Amendment have had another practical illustration. The Herzegovinian insurrection is as suming colossal proportions. A battle has been fought and the Turks de feated. Russia encourages the Monte negrins to take part in the war, and no doubt wants a pretext to join in it herself. We publish this morning the report of the Commission appointed by Judge Snead to investigate the treatment of prisoners at Hallahan’s brick yard, to gether with much of the evidence. At the time of writing this “M” (as we call the paragraphs in this column) we have read neither, and have formed no opin ion about the matter. Up to this time a full list of the suf ferers by Duncan, Sherman & Cos. has not appeared. The New York Tribune throws some light upon the operations of the firm. From the fuss made about it, we thought the letters of credit held by travelers amounted to a million or two, but it now turns out only $130,000. - - The remains of Wm. A. Graham will arrive at the Capital of North Carolina to-day, and from thence will be taken to Hillsboro for burial. We remember him as walking as the peer of the states man of the purer and better days of the Republic. Alas! how few of them are left. And nearly all now living are off duty. Their places are filled by small creatures educated in chicanery, sel fishness and sectional hate. This makes his death the more melancholy. The official returns of the North Carolina election are given this morn ing. Instead of the Democracy being defeated it has carried the State, but “mit a tarn tight squeeze.” Its all right, however, and those Radical sheets which raised such a yell yester day and the day before will now have to make explanations as best they can. We ourselves thought the old State had gone over to the Philistines and said so, but now take it all back. The rains in Georgia continue. We hardly think there is a dry spot left from the Chattahoochee to the Savan nah, Chatanooga down to the seaboard and the Florida line. At Columbus, where the loudest bawl came up about a drouth, there was a great storm Mon day afternoon, and two and a half inches of water fell upon a dead level. It has been raining all over the State. Crops are doing finely. North Georgia never had a better one, the prospects are good for a full average in the mid dle counties, whilst in the Southern tier of counties the corn crop will per haps be 20 per cent, short. A correspondent of the News and Courier, writing from New York, says roguery is so rampant in all depart ments of business there, that the in genuity of man has been taxed to de vise some method of checking it in stores, street cars, etc. In the street cars the conductor was obliged to use a “ bell punch.” This worked tolerably well for a season, but has proved a fail ure at last. Judging from the corres pondent’s revelations and confessions, we should say that the whole North is lioney-combed with dishonesty and im morality. These are some of the “re sults of the war.” The death of ex-Governor Graham, of North Carolina, leaves a vacancy in the delegation to the Convention. Latest reports stated that the political divis ion stood 60 Democrats, 59 Republi cans, and 1 Independent Democrat. The loss of ex-Governor Graham to the Democratic side rather complicates matters, as 61 would make a majority. The Charlotte Observer, cognizant of the trouble ahead, says : “The same rules, regulations and laws which ap ply to the Legislature apply also to a Convention, and the Governor is au thorized to order an election to fill a vacancy in a Convention, just as he is to fill one in the General Assembly. We can hardly believe that His Excellency, Governor Brogden, will, in defiance of right and justice, assist his party in stealing a majority from under a shroud—snatching a victory from the icy hand of death.” The Union-Herald, of Columbia, S. C., says Parker is taking his ease in his in-hospitable quarters. There is noth ing new to chronicle, or rather herald, in reference to him that would interest the public. If not at liberty, he is cer tainly at rest. When Patrick Henry said, “ Give me liberty or give me death,” he didn’t mean that kind a fel low enjoys after coming from captivity on a lightning rod with S7OO added to his personal importance, and 10,000 friends read} 7 to shake him by the hand (or neck); and even his little unfur nished room in the county jail is pre ferable to a life in the woods. A small piece of paper, in his own hand-writ ing, containing tho following parable from the Scripture, was found in his possession : “ Yea, mine oivn familiar friend, in whom I trusted, which did eat of my bread, hath lifted up his heel against me.” They’re getting tighter every day. Not that they A re not pretty, not at all, that you knoiv. But really, in about two weeks, at tiils rate, they’ll have to get one skirt made ! or each— each—well, each limb, if they *f4nt to walk at all. And—ha 1 who knows hut that is the way they propose so attain, pantaloons ? Is there strategy here? — Jnier-Ocean. Sto |ailn (Ennetihitioruilist. FROM WASHINGTON. Capital Notes. Washington, August 12.—The Secre tary of the Treasury refuses to remit the fine incurred by the steamer Ply mouth Rock for carrying passengers in excess of the legal allowance. Rev 7 . S. D. Hingman telegraphs the Indian Bureau, under date of Chey ! enue, August 11: “The Indians at Cheyenne and Standing Rock consent to go to Red Cloud Agency. Council agents are instructed to furnish them with rations for the journey, and attend personally if possible. There will probably be three thousand Indians at the Council, besides those belonging to the Red Cloud and Spotted Tail agen cies. It is important that presents should be sent for them and horses or dered to be purchased. The failure to remove the whites from the Black Hills is causing trouble.” Special River Report. Washington, August 12—7:30 P. M.— The Mississippi river will rise slowly at stations between Cairo and Vicksburg and continue to fall at stations above Cairo. The Mississippi has fallen twen ty-two inches at St. Louis and one inch at Cairo, risen one inch at Memphis, Helena and New Orleans, and two inches at Vicksburg. The river will continue to fall at Cairo and stations above that, continue to rise slowly between Cairo and Vicksburg, and possibly reach the danger line at Memphis during Friday night or Sat urday. The river is now forty-four feet eight inches at Cairo, thirty-three feet ten inches at Memphis—two inches below the danger line ; forty feet three inches at Vicksburg—nine inches below the danger line; and forty-one feet eight inches at Helena, where it is one foot and eight inches above the danger line. The Red river has risen four inches at Shreveport. Rains have prevailed in the river sheds of the upper Ohio and lower Mississippi. DUNCAN, SHERMAN & CO. Inside Views of the Great Failure. New Yorr, August 12. —The Tribune says the discovery has been made that a large amount of the indebtedness of Duncan, Sherman & Cos., held in this city, is “accommodation paper,” in the form of drafts drawn on them by a con fidential clerk in their office, accepted by them, and sold to various banks through note brokers. The announce ment is also made that letters of credit for which the father of Mr. Duncan has become responsible will amount only to about $30,000. Mr. Duncan claims that the transactions are legiti mate, while prominent bankers say they are irregular. Members of the firm of Duucau, Sherman & Cos. regarding the state ments in the Tribune, said the bills were placed in a manner which seemed perfectly legitimate to the firm, and according to the practice pre vailing to-day with houses of good and extensive credit. The amount of ac ceptances issued is about $1,200,000, of which $550,000 are held in Rhode Island. A considerable part of the balance of the other parts is in New England. Regarding letters of credit of which Alexander Duncan is respon sible, he stated the aggregate amount of this form of indebtedness of the firm is about $130,000, for which Alex ander Duncan had deposited $200,000. THE WESTERN* TmON TELE GRAPH COMPANY. President Orton Denies the Jay Gould Story. New York, August 12.—President Orton, of the Western Union Telegraph Cos., in a letter to an afternoon pa per, says the Western Union Company can use to advantage and may abso lutely require within the next twelve months 10,000 miles of additional wires. If these additional facilities can be acquired of companies now using them in competition with us cheaper than we ean erect them, clearly it would be to our interest to buy out such compa nies rather than erect new wires, but we have made no proposition for the purchaso of any competing lines, and no proposition has been made to us that would be for the interest of the Western Union to accept. Mr. Orton also refutes allegations to the effect that he had entered into a conspiracy or an arrangement or was a party to an understanding with Jay Gould look ing to the turning out of certain of the present associates in the Western Union Board at the annual election in October and the substitution of Gould and his friends. New York, August 12.—The trial of Tilton vs. Kinsella, for libel, is set for the first Monday in September. Kiu sella published in the Brooklyn Eagle that Tilton was saturated with insan ity, and reporting several of Tilton’s relations as insane. i tSe dead statesman. Preparations for tlxe Reception of the Body of Wm. A. Graham. Raleigh, August 12. —The remains of ex-Gov. Graham will arrive in the city at 2 o’clock to-morrow by special train, and will lie in state at the capi tol until 7, when they will be removed to Hillsboro for interment. The flag on the capitol is displayed at half mast. Business in the city will be en tirely suspended while his remains are here. NORTH CAROLINA OFFICIAL. Sixty Democrats, Two Independent Democrats and Fifty-eight Republi cans. Raleigh, N. C., August 12.—The elec tion for delegates to the Constitutional Convention foots up 60 Democrats, 2 Independent Democrats, and 58 Repub licans, showing that the Democrats have carried the State. A Baltimore aud a Chicago Failure. Baltimore, August 12. —Cuttle & Boardley, know as the New York Tea Company, failed. Sixty thousand. Chicago, August 12.—State Street Savings Bank failed. Deposits thirty seven thousand. Available assets seven thousand. Fire in San Francisco. San Francisco, August 12.—The plan ing mill, tub factory and lumber yard on Front street is burning. It is feared the wind will drive tbe fire to tho heart of the city. Seizure of Liquor Establishments. St. Louis. August 12.—The liquor es tablishment of Sadler & Cos., at St. Jo seph, has been seized. Other seizures will follow. W. T. Sumbro, of Sedalia, was arrested for contrary to law. AUGUSTA, GA„ {FRIDAY MORNING, zVXJOITST 13, 1875. FOREIGN DISPATCHES. The Herzegovinian War—The Situa tion More Serious. London, August 12.—A special to the Standard says great numbers of Mon tenegrins have joined the insurgents. It is asserted on good authoiity that Russia will not prevent Montenegro from aiding Herzegovinians. Constantinople, August 12.—The Turquie, (uewspaper), of this city, says the situation in Heizegovina is be coming grave. Bands of insurgents have descended into the plain and at tacked Tiebigne, burning and pillaging in all directions. A force of about 3,000 men, chiefly Dalmatians and Montene grins is endeavoring to destroy com munication between Mostar and Heve cine. Fifteen hundred Dalmatians and Herzegovinians are marching on Bock toche. Montenegrins and Dalmatians are also aiding insurgents with money and provisions. The presence of a Servian corps on the Turkish frontier seems to furnish encouragement to the insurgents. Bonn, Germany, August 12. —The conference of Old Catholics, called by Dr. Dollinger, was formally opened here to-day. The session will last three days. London, August 12.—An obstinate fight is reported from Sclavonic sources near Belchia, between Kinzegevinians and Turks, in which the Turks were routed. Liverpool, August 12.—The Ameri can Team sailed on the City of Berlin. Vienna, August 12.—The Trenulen blatt reports that the Count Andrassy has conferred with the Rusian and German Embassadors, and they have agreed to support Austria in any recommendations she might make to Turkey looking to the pacification of Herzegovina. The Bonn Catholic Conference. Bonn, August 12. —1n attendance at the Old Catholic Conference, there are about thirty English and American clergymen, and several Achimandrites and Bishops of the Eastern Church. Among the American divines are Rev. Drs. Langdon, Neven, Potter and Parry. Dr. Dollinger opened the proceedings with an address which lasted an hour. He treated of the re lation of the dogmatic controversy be tween the Latin and Greek Churches to the whole course of ecclesiastical history. At the conclusion of his ad dress the Conference entered upon the business for which it had met, which was the consideration of Dr. Dollin ger’s plans of confederation and inter communion among seperated churches. This union is to be based on a mutual recognition of primitive which may enable each church to admit mem bers of other communions to its privi leges in respect to divine worship and Christian sacraments, at the same time an actual fusion or the sacrifice of national or traditional peculiarities of form or church constitution is not con templated an ambiguous expression, etc., and an ambiguous expression of the substance of the Christian doctrine and practice as taught by the bible and fathers of the ancien tchurch, and is sought as the real band of union. The discussion of this subject occupied the remainder of to-day’s sitting. Abyssinia aud Egypt. Cairo, August 12.—The Abyssinians are making preparations to invade the Egyptian frontier, which is not suffi ciently guarded. The Khedive lias sent reinforcements to tho troops on the border. Levy for Men and Money. Madrid, August 12.—A decree was issued to-day ordering a levy of one bundled thousand men. The levy em braces the age of 19 and upwards.— Another decree orders the issue of sixty million pounds of consolidated inteiior scrip to pay the floating debt. A man of war was at Victoria bom barding tho town of Lequeitio on the Biscayian coast. SALE OF TIIE NORTHERN PACIFIC RAILROAD. It is Bid in at a Nominal Price. New York, August 12.—The North ern Pacific Railroad with all its fran chises was sold by order of court and bid in as iutirity by the purchasing committee, consisting of Livingston, Billings, Stark, Moorehead, Hutchin son and Dennison, representing the general body of the bondholders who have or may hereafter assent. No com petition. Price nominal. The sale re sults in the transfer of tho company’s property to bondholders who, upon a surrender of the bonds, will receive the stock on the reorganized company. THE TURF. Saratoga Races. Saratoga, August 12.—Dead heat be tween Ozark and Milner, in two mile race, for three year olds, time 3:43J4, stakes divided. Penniugton won the mile and a half for all ages. Time, 2:40. Brgand won one mile and a quarter, selling race. Time, 2J£. FROM SALT LAKE. Trouble with Mormon Indians. Salt Lake, August 12.—The women and children have been sent from Co rinne from an apprehension of an In dian attack. A company of troops has left for Corinne. The News, a church paper, says the stories of hostile In dians aie circulated to create a feeling against Mormons. Indians are at Corinne for peaceful purposes. Major Bryant, who has been at Corinne all day, thinks matters are threatening, and has ordered two additional com panies there. The Indians are Mor mons, and claim certain grounds granted them by the Mormons. Damage by Floods. Williamsburg, Mass, August 12. Mill river reached its highest at mid night. The abutment of tho stone bridge here is destroyed. The road is badly damaged, which wiil delay travel a day or two. People in villages fled to the hills. Newark, N. J., August 12.-A storm and great damage in Orange valley.— Dams, bridges, roads and crops swept. Damage estimated at $75,000. Springfield, Ma-s., August 12.—The dam and reservoir of West Branch Mill Creek swept. No loss of life re ported. It is now fashionable in New York to have a big negro carry the family in fant around in place of the nurse or governess. If some aristocratic fool should go to church barefooted, there’d be lots of other fools to follow his ex ample. DEATH OF -JT OLD LAWYER. An Open Lett v to the President. Philadelphia, August 12.— Horace Binuy, tne oldes member of the Phila delphia Bar, is dead, aged 97. He graduated at Hs :vard in 1797. The Telegraph publishes an open let ter from Wm. V Icli to Grant on what he terras the libr fA us attack of Secre tary Delano upo.il Walker, t r Clerk of the Board of In| m Commission. Said libel was concoct! I by Assistant Secre tary Cowan, with* the cordial approval of Secretary Dtfmo. Welch charges Delano with mifdug a willfully false report to the President. He concludes: “It may seem stiluige to others that I should have wri&an this open letter, but the necessity! was laid upon me to write and I couki not with proper re speet to myself iLddress you in any other way, as ycr have in every in stance closed yogi' mind to evidence that must have I onvicted any other man.” § FROM THE wILACK HILLS. Red Cloud aid Spotted Tail. Omaha, Augustg2. —General Ruggles has just receive! the following from Fort Laramie : i “A courier froi the Black Hills re ports Rod Cloud, potted Tail and oth er Indians are ne< '• Harney’s Peak, de manding comper ation for damage done their count y, and that Pollock wished to know i Crook has any or ders for him in case he meets the chiefs. Minor 0 slegrams. New York, Aug st 12.— A Bismarck, Dakotah, dispatc a ays Robert Henry was killed within two miles of Fori Abraham Lincoln and stock ran off. The next night an Indian ran in a par ty cutting hay. gAt Standing Rock agency the Sioux, held a pony dance, rode into the qui iters of the military commander, and ram pled tents and blankets unuer th tr horses’ feet, as if to provoke a collie >n. Specie shipmen > to-day nearly half a million. San Francisco, August 12.—A fire last night burnedhtwo blocks. Loss, $60,000. Boston, Augus<- 12. —A bridge be tween Huntington md Russell, ou the Albany and Bosh a road, was forced from its fouudatu is. No passengers from Albany to 1 * clock. SUPREME CO UR* DECISIONS, AU GUbT jo, 1875. Set-Off—Dower —N wly Discovered Ev dence—Alimony- Usury and Custom —Counsel’sßigli a— Fi. Fa. —Libel. We renew this myrning our condensa tions of tlio decision? of the Supreme Court, of Georgia, the Ju!' Term, adjourned to August, having fair!; opened: Dobbs vs. Prothro,; xecutor.—To a money deman 1 by A’s execr ots. I> cannot plead as a set-off that urn* ' r the will he is enti tled to an amount ii !ich larger than such demand, it not appij : ring that the estate was solvent or wh; [ the amount of the alleged legacy was. * Sewell vs. Smith etml.— Smith died intes tate in 1850, leaving if widow and two chil dren, who resided of the land of which S died owner until 187 kvhen the widow died. Held—there having Wen no administration on Smith’s estate, ;K l the widow having never in fact elect* | between her dower and a child’s part—tjht dower was barred by failure to apply within seven years from ttie huHand’s death: Code, sec. 17G4 (4), and tbtj Aegal presumption is that the widow ele<|>d to take a child’s part. | 3 illey vs. the State! What was known to defendant before tridf -but only brought to light by him afterwards, is not "newly dis covered evidence.” $ Gardner vs. Gar Auer—“Courts cannot well be too cautious fujallowing temporary alimony and couns*;f fees in this class of cases”—divorce. “1? she complainant is able to contribute Awards her support, she will be expected do so, and not sit down and fold her fluids and depend ex clußively upon the lj j>r of her husband, and the income of hiiL -nall estate to sup port her in idleness—£ ch is not the policy of the law.” Tempfery alimony of $4:) per month reduced t* -S2O, defendant hav ing by a trust prov ed for his daughter during minority. Sugart vs. Mays—Tjhis is the first decis ion per Bleckley, J | 1. A plea to an actiU of ejectment which attacks a con the defendant to the plaintiff, as Mfiug part of an usuri ous contract, is nothin equitable, but a strictly legal defense! nd to make it avail alile, no tender or (per to pay the debt which the conveyaijo was intended to secure is requisite, efein though the deed may amount, in equity, to a mortgage. 2. A deed, absolute jfpon its face, made as the part of an usurit||£j contract, to secure a debt infected wif h u>,. ry, is void as a legal title; and on it the gf|,;ntee who has never been in possession, eifc not, in an action of ejectment, recover t‘,i> premises of the grantor. T 3. Where tho questi gji is as to whether a particular transacting, was a loan with an absolute deed to lai(| taken as security, and bond for titles gi tui by the lender, it is not competent to pijjp/e that tho alleged lender’s custom and H- -actice were to lend on such security, th J ) being no evidence suggesting sucli a pifjr course of doafing between him and the; present alleged bor rower, or that the latt*j- iiad any knowledge of it as practiced wit* others. Judgment reversed! i Irwin .t Anderson, SV. T. & W. J. Winn, for plaintiff in error.' ; Geo. N. Lester, for ii pendant. Van Dyke vs. Ma:j pi et at.— Litigants have a right to be fu > heard by counsel, and it is error for to cut tho ar gument short by the approaching close of tho term. lij; such cases a post ponement, at tho imiknee of either coun sel, should be allowed|| Anderson vs. Blyth*||-An execution com ing regularly into th o' Sheriff’s hands will he presumed to remai’ji there in default of evidence to the coutnpy. Hooper vs. Martin.ijWords importing a criminal participatloiaby B. in A.’s alleged offense are .actionable jpr se, 13. movante. You can .any datf see fashionably dressed girls on theptreet turning and smiling at a tall wcjian of thirty-five, a six-footer, who tramps along with a modest black dress § tnginga half-foot from the ground. j|er shoes are large and coarse. She is liddy Morgan, and the best live-stocli| reporter in the country. She earnsifc in. honest penny in a sort of masculme way, but she is kind-hearted and ;|ie-natured. She was formerly the keeper of Victor Em manuel’s stables. jut she is an Irish girl. \ Vicksburg Herald won’t be long before Mississippi j o es will change the form of sentencing a prisoner, and will say : “Sam Jon**, stand up. You have been tried and gonvicted, and are sentenced to State plson for an indefi nite period, as it is < jrite likely you will be pardoned out as § soon as the Gov ernor finds out whatjjp rascal you are.” DUNCAN, SHERMAN & CO. A GOOD WORD FOR THE BROKEN FIRM. Ruin of tbe American Cotton Produc tion-Some of tiie Results of the War. [N. Y. Day Book.] The failure of Duncan, Sherman & Cos. is one of the most significant as well as saddest things that has ever hap pened in tho commercial world of New York. This house began its existence twenty-five years ago. It was compos ed of first-rate business men—men who combined British honesty and solidify with American energy and enterprise, aud with the prestige of a close connec tion with the great house of Baring Brothers, no American house ever had such a promising future before it, and we venture to say not one ever pur sued a more liberal or manlier course, or more strictly honorable than this great house, which, despite its large capital and connections and its admirable business managers, now lies a ghastly ruin for fools to gape at and honest men to mourn over. When the war began and the Abolition chiefs at Washington had the address and cunning to “ rope in ” the great moneyed institutions of the North, and offered almost any terms to bankers and speculators for their money, the great house of Duncan Sherman & Cos. stood aloof, and though it made no special opposition to the “ government.” it did not participate in the stupendous robbery of the pro ducing classes, while concerns like Jay Cooke & Cos., Clews & Cos., Cisco, and others, have, under the forms of law and the practice of “ loyalty,” reduced the masses to the same abject depend ence, poverty and misery that so mar and disfigure the Old World.— And yet, this great house, with all its prestige and fair dealing, has gone down! Why is it? What does it mean? Why simply this— Duncan, Sher man & Cos. are dragged down by the ruin of the American cotton production. No such desperate struggle has ever been witnessed on this earth as that of American planters, for ten years past, to save the cotton production, and the great house of Duncan, Sherman & Cos, have mainly borne this burden until at last it could be borne no longer, and they have succumbed. Great numbers of planters have indulged the fatal no tion that cotton could be grown by white people. A still larger number could not believe that the Northern madness and folly could bo so utterly stupid as to continue a “policy” that must bankrupt tho North as well as themselves, and, therefore, lived hard aud worked hard, and patiently bore their burdens, with full faith that the North would come to its senses and “ let up ”on them. Thus, year af ter year, for ten years, this patient struggle with literally the power's of darkness has gone on, but instead of relief every year has ouly increased their suffering. Year after year things have, of course, continued to get Worse, for the habit el’ labor liao grad ually been lost by the negroes, and the South is rapidly reaching tiie point where, if the Northern rule is contin ued, they must rise up and cast it off, or themselves—in the Gulf States— abandon their country and leave the negroes to drift back into their natu ral Africanism. But ignorant and fool ish people at the North say, “ look at the large cotton crop, with its increased price, worth more than that of 1860.” And this absurd statement silences many, though a single word may ex plode it—if it costs a hundred millions more to raise such crop than they get for it, of course the planters are a hun dred millions poorer for having raised it. A few simple elementary truths underlie this whole question. First—Each race has his own indus trial adaptation, just as all animals have their own specific center of life, and white labor can no more grow cotton of commerce than that of the negro can be made to pay growing cereals. Second —The negro, of his own voli tion, short of a reconstruction of his physical organism, can no more grow cotton, sugar or anything than he can change his color or become a white man in any other respect. Third —Thus, for the growth of cot ton, sugar, or tropical production of any kind, and consequent civilization, there must bo the brain of the white man and the muscles of the negro, or in other words, the so-called master aud so-called slave, and either of these absent, production and consequent civilization aro necessarily as impossi ble forever, without anew creation al together, as animal life without atmos pheric air. These are no speculations or conjec tures of any kind —they are natural laws fashioned and fixed forever by the hand of God—plain, palpable and unmistakable to those who, like the writer, have studied them, and more over, daily demonstrated in all history and all about us. A hundred years ago San Domingo, under the rule of the white man, exported one hundred and twenty millions worth of sugar ; now, with the white brain absent, it does not export one pound; and so in Africa ; everywhere the negro gathers from the earth’s serfaee spontaneous products sufficient to live and multi ply his kind, but of course is useless, as absolute a blank in what we call civilization as the lower animals are. Meanwhile, we have already lost the once grand American cotton production, for the moment the point is reached that the foreign and not the American standard governs tho price, the end lias come, the commerce, the ship-building, in a word, all the profits of cotton growing, have passed out of our hands. Aud think of this—great heavens, think of this—Providence blessed us with the material, all the material not only for boundless and exhaustless wealth, but with the means of boundless benefi cence to mankind—to the poor, useless and “heathen” negroes as well as the sweltering multi tudes of our blood and kind, and all these gifts of heaven are trampled un der our feet, and we are blindly and sinfully marching to national bankrupt cy and unspeakable miseries for what? Why, to enforce an “idea” of Wendell Phillips and a horde of miserable luna tics, that negroes are “colored men,” and with education, etc., will finally be reconstructed into beings like our selves, Men and brethren | shall we not halt in this frightful march to na tional perdition? Will not tho sane men come to the front, and demand restoration of the White Republic, and perdition and death to the world, the flesh and the devil, that resist such restoration ? Murder of M. Hennessy at Millett’s Station. Savannah, August 12.—A special from Milletts station, S. C., says M. Hennessy, a merchant, was killed in his store this morning by unkaown parties. RIVER OBSERVATIONS AND FLOOD PREDICTIONS. The Danger Line of the Great Water Courses of the Country—How the Signal Service Foretells Freshets. [Reported for the Baltimore Sun.] The system of telegraphing through out the country the rise and fall of the principal rivers of the West was start ed during the year 1872. Before that time no systematic or reliable reports were obtainable, and shippers and those interested sometimes experienced great difficulty, because boatmen, by reason of interested motives, frequent ly gave false reports, and in many in stances caused delay or advance of shipments to bo held back or ground ed on shoals, while the parties giving the information took the benefit of the knowledge. There was no information in time of floods. Various commer cial associations urged these facts, when the chief signal officer, with the approval of tho Secretary of War, es- tablished gauges at the regular signal stations located on the rivers aud com menced reporting the height of the water above low water mark. These reports have continued daily at 3 p. m. During freshets observations are taken and reported every few hours. These reports are daily becoming more valu able as the condition of the rivers is better understood, and it is of frequent occurrence at St. Louis, New Orleans, Cincinnati and Pittsburg, for the price of freight to rise or fall considerably, according to the condition reported. Citizen Observers. The importance of this work having been established, the services of some twenty citizen observers located at dif ferent points have been secured, and these send reports at dangerous sea sons, and effort is now being made through the mayors or other proper authorities in each village upon tho Western rivers to establish gauges and report all facts in reference to tho dif ferent interests at the villages or places at which gauges are established, or in the vicinity endangered by overflow.— This would combine the local and the central or national agencies in the same way that the militia and the regular army and navy form the national de fense in time of need. The Danger Level. The study of the rivers, made neces sary by freshets and overflows, re quired to be established for each por tion of the river courses a certain level or depth of water, a rise or fall above which is held to be dangerous to river interests. A “danger level” had to be established, based on a minute exami nation of the different rivers. Tho data collected gives the danger point on the gauges as follows : St. Paul, 14 feet 6 inches—at this height houses and crops ou lower ground, between St. Paul and La Crosse, are flooded ; La Crosse, 18 feet, bottom lands over flowed between La Crosse and Du buque ; Davenport, 15 feet—this rio ondangroro buildings at Buffalo, Musca tine, lowa, and Keithburg, Illinois; Keokuk, 14 feet 6 inches, injures Gov ernment dams and improvements at the foot of the rapids ; Warsaw, 18 feet, overflows some bottom lands, which is increased in extent very considerably by another foot of water ; Alexandria, lowa, would suffer at nineteen feet on Warsaw guage ; St. Louis, 39 feet—at this point water commences to damage buildings in the city ; any sudden rise endangers merchandise ou the levee; at Evansville, 111., the adjacent country from the Kaskaskia to the Mississippi floods at 30 ft., St. Louis gauge; Cam merce, Mo., the Mississippi overflows western banks at twenty nine feet on St. Louis gauge; Cairo, 111., 40 feet, overflows country back of Cairo; forty one feet overflows country in Kentucky, opposite; forty-five feet overflows coun try from twenty miles up tho Ohio to Columbus, Kentucky, and extending three miles back from the river. At forty-seven feet it commences over flowing the Missouri l auks, aud at that stage is dangerous levees to around Cai ro; Point Pleasant, Mo., floods at 51 feet on Cairo gauge; Osccoela, Ark., floods at about 41 feet on Cairo gauge; Mem phis danger line, 34 feet, overflows country opposite; thirty-four feet seven inches Hoods Memphis and Little Rock Railroad; Helena, Arlc., 40 feet; levees show weakness at this point. When water falls to four or five feet above low water it endangers navigation. Vicksburg, 41 feet; danger ou levees commence. Northern Louisiana and Texas Railroad overflowed and ceased running at 42.85 on Vicksburg gauge; Grand Gulf, Miss., levee broke at 43.05 feet ou Vicksburg gauge. At New Or leans the zero of the gauge is high water mark of 1874, and the “danger line” is two feet six inches below. At 1.30 feet below it creates great alarm. Belle Chase, Greenwood, and Pointe La Hache crevasses occurred at 0.4 feet on gauge. The Missouri river—Omaha, “danger line” 16 feet; at 15 feet smoke stacks of steamers may strike bridge; Plats mouth, Neb., 16 feet 7 inches; to farms on east side of river. Leavenworth, Ark., 21 feet, danger confined to farms, Kansas City 21 feet; Camden, Mo., 18 feet on Kansas City gauge. The St. Joseph and Lexington Railroad will suffer at 21 feet ou Kansas City gauge; Lexington, Mo., 21 feet. Twenty-four feet six inches will drive out settlers between Camden and Crooked river, and 32 feet will flood out all bottom farms between Lexington and Bruns wick. Brunswick, danger line 11 feet; damage to farms, Boonville, Mo., 23 feet; damage to farms, Jefferson City 22 feet. A fall of the river to one foot on gauge endangers navigation. Ohio river—Pittsburg, danger-point 20 feet; floods lower part of city ; low ost known water is nine inches. A sud den rise of either river is dangerous to merchandise on banks. Marietta, Ohio, 32 feet, danger to farms ; 24 feet will cause steamers to lower smoke-stacks when passing bridges. Cincinnati— danger line 50 feet. At 50 feet the wa ter commences to overflow lower part of city. A sudden rise of ten (10) feet or more, at any stage of water, endan gers merchandise on banks ; danger to property slight. Louisville, Ky., 21 feet; the danger of boats striking bridge at or near high water is consid erable—the bridge being only one hun dred feet above low water mark. Three feet of water on falls is equivalent to eight feet in channel. Evansville, Ind., 34 feet; zero six feet above bed of river. Over 34 feet causes heavy dam ages to farms, flooding twelve to fifteen miles back. Paducah, Ivy., 40 feet, damaging farms. At New Geneva, Pa., the danger line is 18 feet, at which point property ou banks is endangered. Oil City, Pa., one foot six inches on this gauge is equivalent to one foot six inches of water on “Charles Riffle,” the shallow est point between here and Pittsburg. Confluence, Pa., danger line 15 feet 6 inches, property on banks endangered. Freeport, danger line 12 feet. Nash- ville, Teuu., 42 feet endangers build iugs in Nashville aud Edgefield. Any iise over one foot per hour is danger ous. Shreveport, La., danger point 58 feet on gauge. From bed of river to high-water mark, 1849, is 65 feet. Lit tle Rock, Ark., the zero of this gauge is two feet above bed of river, and the danger mark is 30 feet. This zero is used by all river men, aDd is, that re ported by the Memphis and St. Louis Packet Company. At 30 feet on gauge the plantations above and below the city are flooded. The lower portion of the Arkansas valley is flooded at 25 feet on Little Rock gauge. Charts of Basins. In the starting of this new work there had to be prepared a chart show ing the basins of the principal rivers and the limits of the water sheds of each from the best attainable authori ties. This has been completed, and a large slate has been constructed in tiie the chief signal office at Washington, on which aro outlined the grades of the beds of the rivers at the different parts of their course from the head of navigation on each to the mouths by which they empty into other rivers or into the sea. The reports as received by telegraph are immediately tran scribed on tho slate, and tho flood waves traced in this way and their movements noted from hour to hour and from day to day. With this prepara tion it is comparatively easy to know, an unusually heavy rainfall being no ted within any water-shed, into what river it flow ; to mark next tho rise of that river as given by the reports, and by knowledge of tho rapidity with which the currents move in different depths of the river the flood-wave can be traced in the same manner through out its course to the sea. By carrying out this plan, with an increased number of stations, properly located, and a better knowledge of tho rise and fall of the rivers and the dis tance traveled daily by freshet waves, it seems almost impossible for a flood of any magnitude to occur without warning of its approach being given several days in advance. This is with regard to the great rivers and water courses of the country. In time, when the signal service grows to meet the public demands, the subject will be more minutely handled, so as to serve all districts, large and small. Spiders as Weather Prophets. —Tho spiders were wise prophets yesterday morning, for their wonderful instinct taught them that the day would be fine and that the sun would shine on their gossamer houses. Therefore they spread their pretty lady mantles on the drenched grass aud patiently waited for the storm to pass away. Tho morning broke with a dreary outlook, but when wc saw these fairy structures spread thickly over the lawn aud hanging with dainty grace upon the pendant branches of a fuchsia in full bloom, we felt sure that the little workmen knew what they were doing. Neither were our humble friends mistaken in their calculations, and snugly sheltered undr their oii very tents they doubtless enjoyed the sunshine quite as well as the superior race, whose perceptions in regard to the condition of the elements are far less delicate and reliable than the in stinct possessed by these insignificant insects. We have watched the lady mantles for many years, and seldom have the spiders proved false prophets. —Providence Journal, Aug. 5. The mother of poor Grirawood, the young Chicago journalist who went up with Donaldson, being in delicate health, was kept by her family in ignorance of his disappearance until a day or two since, when having given up all hope of his return, they told her the exact situation of affairs. She had in the meantime, being a great reader, won dered why she could obtain no papers, a matter she at once understood when she learned that they had been hidden from her for fear lest the news of his being lost might cause her death. She considers that the family acted wisely in doing as they did, as the alternate hope, fear and uncertainty relating to him in the first low days after the bal loon ascension woul l have been harder to bear than the almost absolute knowl edge she now has of his death. Born in Him— Old Sambo Shute, long since gone across the dark val ley, was a worthy man in his way, aud genial withal; but Sambo would occa sionally get drunk. One day his em ployer took him to task aud read him a lecture, at the close of which he asked him if he didn’t think he would do bet ter for the future. “Dun’o, mas’r,” said the darkey, scratching his head. “But what do you think?” “Well, mas’r, I’s feared I think not.” “Sambo, what do you mean? Do you mean that you will not try?” “ ’Twouldu’t be of use, mas’r. Fact ’twas born in me. Rum is my nat’ral drink. Yer see, afore I was born, my father and mother were boff bought on the cost of Africa an’ paid for in rum.” A Suffering Capitalist.— “ Yes, these are awfully hard times,” says a LaSalle street broker, as he stood on his steps talking to a friend, last evening. “Mighty tough, I expect,” was the reply. “Why,” said the broker, “I’ve been investing and investing for a year back —a pile of money I assure you—and I find I’ve been losing like fury.” “Indeed ?” “True’s I’m living. If I’ve lost a cent, I’ve lost more than $300,000. “No ?” “Certain,” continued the broker,“ and what cramps me most and makes me feel the worst, is that fully $l5O of it wa3 my own!” Then the friends retired to a seclud ed place and “smiled.” —Chicago Jour nal. m\ There is a man in Paris, named Du casset, who saw the head of Moreau, the murderer, when it fell from the knife of the guillotine into the jbasket. He has seen it ever sine—sometimes fall ing, sometimes going up. Lately seve ral other heads have joined it. They bounce against one another all around him, and come plump into his face, and feel cold and disagreeable. He has been taken into custody, aud deprived of his liquor. It has been shown, says the Detroit Free Press, that Shakspeare was a Catholic, an Episcopalian, and an atheist. Equally plausible is the proof that he was an attorney, schoolmaster, a soldier, a chemist, a farmer, a doctor, and a sailor ; and a learned French man demonstrates beyond dispute that nobody but a butcher would have closed Hamlet with a heap of carcasses. But as good must always come out of evil, so a leading American journal has at length settled the matter beyond dispute by discovering that Shaks peare was so profound, so wise, so witty, and so virtuous, that he must have been—a printer ! -New Series--- 3, No. 10. ENGLISH JUSTICE. The Pro and Con. of It. [Chicago Tribune.] The notable cases recently before the English courts have given a fresh se ries of proofs that Trans-Atlantic jus tice is not as blind as it is apt to be on this side of the ocean. There is the Baker case, in which tho culprit Colonel, a popular soldier and an intimate friend of the Prince of Wales, got not only a fine of $2,500, which could be easily paid and forgot ten, but a year’s imprisonment, which will leave an ineffable stigma upon his character. The influence of rank and wealth could not save him. He has not been idolized outside the court room either; testimonials have not been tendered him; and he has not been invited to go on a lecturing tour as soon as his temporary detention was over. His own demeanor in the court room wa3 not without a lesson for other defendants in crim. con. cases. He did not .laugh merrily during the arguments of plaintiff’s counsel, nor did he seek to screen himself by in sinuating charges against the women. Another prominent defendant—this time in a civil suit—is Sir John Hay, who sold his name to the somewhat no torious “ Canadian Oil Wells Compa ny ” for £I,OOO. This sum was paid him, and then paid by him for stock in the company. Ho and the other mem- bers of the corporation victimized a number of foolish Englishmen.— When tho bubble burst, Sir John w.is sued for £I,OOO. Tho Vice- Chancellor gave judgment against him. He appealed to the Lords Justices, who have just affirmed the judgment and indulged in various uncomplimentary remarks about “bribes” and “English gentlemen who condescend to become the hired retainers of unknown Ameri can adventurers.” So Sir John Hay has had to refund his £I,OOO bribe. Defendant No. 3 is one Laughlin Freeman, merchant and shipowner of Waterford, Ireland. L. F. got ready to send to sea a brigantine, the timbers of which wore so rotton that decayed fibres could be scooped out by the hand ful. He wrote to his agents : “ 1 would be inclined to renew former insurance at 8 guineas if I thought there would be no danger of Plimsoll.” To which tho agents replied: “We don’t think there is any danger of Plimsoll interfering, at all events on this side, as they don’t appear to he so much on the lookout over here.” Principal and agents were both mistaken, however, aud Mr. Laughlin Freeman goes to prison for two months aud pays a line of £3OO. This is the best side of the shield. When we turn the reverse, aud study English justice in ecclesiastical and laud cases, there is less praise to bo given. In the latter, there are too many protracted litigations, which end like the case of Jarndyce vs. Jarndyce, described with such ghast ly humor in “Bleak House.” And the latest reported Church case io uf .remans vs. Cook. Jenkins has been excluded from tho communion the Church of England. Belief in God is usually considered the pre requisite to communion, but the Ilev. Cook tells Jenkins that he must be lieve in the Devil and in eternal dam nation if ho wants to celebrate the Last Supper. This view of the case has been sustained by the courts, and Jen kins repudiates the Devil at tho cost of being repudiated by the Church. Getting Rid of Her Daughter’s Beau. She lives down on Baker street, and she has a daughter about eighteen years old. The old lady retains all her simplicity and innocence, and she doesn’t go two cents on style. The other evening when a splendid catch called to escort the daughter to the opera the mother wouldn’t take the hint to keep still. While helping her daughter to get ready she asked: “Mary, are you going to wear the shoes with one heel off, or the pair with holes in ’em ?” Mary didn’t seem to hear, and the mother inquired: “Are you going to wear that dollar gold chain and that washed locket, or will you wear the diamond father bought at the hardware store?” Mary winked at her. and the young man blushed, but the old lady went on: “Are you going to borrow Mrs. Brown’s shawl, or will you wear mine?” Mary bustled around the room, aud the mother said: “Be careful of your dress, Mary; you know i’ts the only one you’ve got, and you can’t have another until the mortgage on this place is lifted.” Mary remarked to her escort that it promised to be a beautiful evening, and as she buttoned her glove her mother asked: “Those are Mrs. Hardy’s gloves, ain’t they? She’s been a got^Lneighbor to us, and I don’t know how you’d man age to go anywhere if she didn’t live near us.” Mary was hurrying to get out of tho room, when the mother raised her voice once more and asked : “Did you run into Mrs. Jewett’s and borrow her bracelet and fan ? Yes, I see you did. Well, now, you look real stylish, and I hope you’ll have a good time.” Mary sits by her window in tho pale moonlight and sighs for the splendid young mau to como and beau her around some more, but he hasn’t been seen up that way since that night. The old lady, too, says that he seemed like a nice young man, and she hopes ho hasn’t been killed by the street cars.— ■ Detroit Free Press. Cliatauqua Lake. [Correspondence Cincinnati Enquirer.] Last night a correspondent's curiosi ty was aroused (an awful thing), and I overheard the following: Ho—“ You have ensnared me in the meshes of your golden hair and drown ed mo in the liquid depths of your vio let eyes ! What am Itodo ?” She—“ What a jolly death to die for a young man ; you should recommend it!” He — “ You doubt my sincerity ?” She—“ Nay, nay, Clarence, yon wrong me ! You are too sincere.” He—“ Don’t you think just a little of me?” She-“ Y-e-s.” He—“ And may I—may I kiss— ?” She—“ There comes ma!” He—“ Durn the durned luck !” The marriage of Dr. Livingstone's daughter, at Hamilton, Scotland, to Mr. Alexander L. Bruce, one of the partners of a well known Edinburgh firm (Messrs. \\ il 11am Younger <fc Cos.), on tho 25th of July, w r as an event in the fashionable world. Tho bride received presents from nearly all parts of the globe. The venerable Dr. M of fatt, tho African missionary, performed the ceremony, and the little town of Hamil ton had on its best holiday attire. It was in the neighboring mills of Bantyre, tho weaver boy Livingstone learned his Lati declensions, while working at the loom,