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( )ld Series-—V"ol. 25. ]STo. 122. THE CONSTITUTIONALIST. las. G. Bailie, Francis Cog-in, Geo. T. Jackson, PROPRIETORS. TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION. Oaily, one year *lO 00 t. mouths 6 00 '' s months 260 Tri-Weekly, one year 6 0C “ 6 months 260 Weekly, one year 2 00 “ 6 mouths 100 Single copies, 5 cents, lo news dealers, 2% cents. On and after this date (April 21 1875,) all editions of the Constitutionalist will be. sent free of postage. Subscriptions must in all cases be paid in advance. The paper will be discontinued at the expiration of the time paid for. Advertisements must be paid for when hand ed in, unless otherwise stipulated. (i>rrespondence invited from all sources, and valuable special news paid for if used. Rejected communications will not be return ed, and no notice taken of anonymous commu nications, or articles written on both sides. Money may be remitted at our risk by Ex press or postal order. All letters should be addressed to H. C. STEVENSON, Manager, Augusta, (ia. 'J he broadest joke of the season is that dispatch of Colonel Styles to the Atlanta Herald, and the double-leaded editorial. They had an extra scene at a Lynch burg hanging on Friday. The victim three times caught the platform with his feet, but was finally kicked off by the Sheriff. Ax open letter from Rev. Dr. Deems will be found on our first page. It touches on a subject dear to the hearts of many Georgians, and is written in the happiest style. The whole country has received a superabundance of rain, except the peo ple of Charleston. They are as dry as a patent office report. They cau, how ever, at least find plenty of , water on one side of the city. The Grand Army of the Republic protest against Mr. Davis making the address at the Illinois State Fair. Nothing else could have been expected from these political bummers, fanatics and fools. Thf. rains continue. We have had one every day this week. The atmos phere and the clouds feel and look like more is to come. It is much like Fall weather. It would pass muster as equinoctial gale weather. — —i m Moody and Sankey arrived last night at New York in the steamship Spain. They have accomplished wonders in England. Their trip there was novel, and the results read more like a dream than a reality. Beecher is going to have another ex pression of confidence. What they call a “Summer church ” will be built for him on the White Mountains. Some people at the North are deranged about this man. After all that has been proven, to still worship him is pure, unadulterated lunacy. The midnight telegrams inform us that the war in Herzegovinia is as suming a religious aspect. The people there pass for Christian, and if they raise the cry of Mohamedan against Christian, the Cross against the Cres cent, there is no telling what will be the end. Oi k Clarkesville correspondent con tinues his narrative of outrages that are now being perpetrated upon the people of North Georgia by the United States officials. The attention of the Attorney General is respectfully drawn to these rank offenses against justice and law. Asa valued contribution to the moot question of “Why Sherman did not take Augusta?” we publish this morn ing a masterly exposition of the milita ry reasons for this so-called mystery. To our mind, the argument is as con clusive as it is logical and profound. That it will be read with eager interest in this community is not to be doubted for a moment. Fifty bloody heads of fifty post masters rolled from block to basket yesterday. It was a regular guillotine field day. They were stricken right and left, hip and thigh. And what do you suppose it was all for? Only “for using stamps, thereby increasing their salaries.” It wasn’t for stealing—only raising salaries by the aid of stamps which didn’t belong to them. Chamberlain has addressed a forural letter to Judge Reed, of the Charleston Circuit, in regard to the ac tion of Lieutenant-Governor Gleaves in commuting the death sentence of Joseph Gibbes to imprisonment for twenty years, in the absence of the Governor. “The action of the Lieu tenant Governor,” he says, “is, in my judgment, wholly without authority of law, and hence null and void; and my purpose in addressing you at this time is to call your attention to what I con sider the necessity of action on your part, if you agree with me in regard ing the action of the Lieutenant Gov ernor as unauthorized and void.” And, furthei: “It presents a case, there fore, which compels me to seek a judi cial determination of the question in volved, and to this end I beg to call your attention to the case, and to say that, in my judgment, your Honor should regard the action of the Lieu tenant Governor as null and void, and proceed to enforce upon the said Joseph Gibbes the sentence of your court, subject to such action by the Executive as he may take whenever the case may be submitted to him for his action.” Atlantic City, August 14.—Mrs. Hannah Rogers, of Wedmore, on the Pennsylvania Railroad, near Philadel phia was drowned here to-day. She came down to-day with a party of ex cursionists. Her body is not yet re covered. tElif fldiln i fondihititmalM. FOREIGN DISPATCHES. The Last British Failure—Great Tor nado in France—The Black Eagle and Russian Bear. London, August 14. —The liabilities of Denegri & Sons are a quarter of a million pounds sterling. A hurricane and hail storm at Pon taisi, twenty miles northwest of Paris. Houses unroofed and windows and chimneys everywhere demolished, cat tle killed and fruit trees arid vines destroyed. Many were seriously hurt by enormous hail stones, some of whom will die. Loss, SIOO,OOO. Germany has addressed Russia a formal complaint for a recent infrac tion of territory by a Russian soldier, who caused trouble and is dead of wounds received in the affray. France and the Centennial —Paying Oft" Letters of Credit. Paris, August 14.— La Rappel says : Fifty Commercial Corporations and Trades Unions will each send delegates to the Centennial to study and report upon objects exhibited. Drexel, Harjes & Cos. redeemed SIOO,- 000 of Duncan-Sherman letters of credit, which are coming from ail parts of Europe. Catholico and the Ecclesiastical Law. Berlin, August 14.—A1l the Catholic clergy holding State appointments in Posen have submitted to the ecclesias tical law. Loss of the Steamship Boyne. London, August 14.—The mail steam ship Boyne, from Brazilian ports to Southampton, was lost off Brest. Crew and passengers saved. The Extradition Treaty. Berlin, August 14. —It is understood the Federal Council will soon consider the extradition treaty between the Im perial Government and the United States, aud the existing treaties with individual German States. European Crops—The 'limes on tlie Situation. Washington, August 14.—The Navy Department has advices of the death of Lieutenant Commander G. W. Ar meutrout in the steamship Spain, en route from Europe. Branuau telegraphs that the Super intendent of tne National Cemetery had taken sick, a corporal of marines dead, and all the rest doing well. London, August 14.—The Times’ city article to-day says : “The following is the condition of the corn trade, de rived from good sources, admitting as certain a further rise in the event of bad weather. In the con trary event there is still time to secure a large proportion of the wheat crop in good condition. If so, the recent ap prehensions will probably prove to have been extreme. If the American crop is secured iu good order there cau be no great change in the result of the spring wheat crop from what we had reason to expect a few weeks ago.— There had been then already reason to apprehend a deficiency which had not been sufficiently heeded, which should be heeded now. The last report from France is much less unfavorable than was apprehended. Most of the recent rains have done little injury. Our own farmers’ stock of old wheat is reported small, but cannot be quite so exhaust ed as it was last year, and deliveries during the last two weeks have been nouble those of the corresponding weeks a year ago. Ye Spanish Conscripts. Madrid, August 14. —A royal decree orders the conscripts to join their regi ment before the end of October. The price of exemption is fixed at 8,000 reals. The Herzegovinian War—lt is Assum ing a Religious Aspect. Vienna, August 14.—Advices from Heizegovina indicate the insurrection there threatens to assume the character of a religious war. FROM SOUTH AMERICA. Persecuting the Jesuits. New York, August 14. —A letter from an American resident of Costa Rica says : In July a number of Jesuits en tered Costa Rica fromGautemala, from whence they had been expelled. When within ten miles of the capital they were ordered to stop. Congress met the same day. Two thousand Masons went in a body to Congress Hall aud petitioned for the Jesuits’ removal, as mischievous members of society’. The President, who is a Mason, and several members prominent in debate and in fluence, made able speeches on the sub ject, overruling those who favored charitable protection for the Jesuits. Congress finally voted them $1,500 for relief of immediate wants, and ordered them to leave the country 7 . —i— SEIZURE OF CROOKED WHISKEY. Large Haul of High Wines. Philadelphia, August 14.—Early this morning a heavy seizure of crooked high w'iues was made by the Internal Revenue Department. The stuff con sisted of fifty-two bairels of high wines, containing 3,435 gallons, and were taken as the property of F. Ber geuthal & Bru., distillers in the first district of Wisconsin. The goods were consigned to parties in this city, upon whom no suspicion rests, and while the spirits are believed to be straight, yet its being the property of parties who were implicated in frauds in the West in May last, they were seized en route, the law forfeiting the property of dis tillers detected in fraud. HANGING OF A NEGRO. A Desperate Struggle for Life. Lynchburg. August 14. —Thos. With ers, a negro boy who killed a girl, was hanged yesterday. He suoeeded three times in placing his feet on the edge of the trap and drawing himself up, and the sheriff as often pushed them off. He made a full confession. THE TURF. Saratoga Horse News. Saratoga, August 14. —Weather fine. Track heavy. Sultana won the % mile for two year olds ; time, 1:19. Rodo mantlius won the 1% mile for 3 year olds; time, 2:04%. Acrobat won the 2% mile race ; time, 4;16%. Caroline won the mile selling race ; time, 1:47%. mi ■ m THE FATHER OF WATERS. Special River Report. Washington, August 14.—The Mis sissippi has risen one inch at Memphis and Helena, and two inches at Vicks burg. Probabilities : It will rise slowly at stations between Memphis, Vicks burg, and probably reach the danger line at Memphis. AUGUSTA, GA., HIINTDAY MORNING, AUGUST 15, 1875. FROM WASHINGTON. “SO MUCH FOR BUCKINGHAM.” Off with the Heads of Fifty Post masters. Washington, August 14. —The fol lowing Postmasters have been removed for improper transactions in postage stamps, whereby their salaries were increased: Win. M. Turner, Warwick Cross Roads, Union county, Tenu.; Neal Ferguson, Cross Plains, Calhoun county, Ala.; John T. Wells, Warrior Station, Jefferson county, Ala.; F. Rotheuofer, Elmore, Elmore county, Ala.; David Johnson, Union Court House, Union eouuty, S. C.; Alexander S. Waugh, Elk River, Clay county, W. Va.; James Rogers, Valley Fork, Clay county, W. Va.; Win, Atkinson. Cress woll, Washington county, N. C,; .John C. Keeting, Cuba, Rutherford county, N. C.; Win. A. Kolifield, Mica, Mitchell county, N. C.; C. C. Bregan, Wolf Knob, McDowell county, N. C., aud about thirty in other States. FROM NEW YORK. JEFFERSON DAVIS AND THE ILLI NOIS STATE FAIR. The Grand Army of the Republic Pro test. New York, August 14.— A Rockford (111.) dispatch says the Grand Army of the Republic protest against Mr. Davis making an address at the State Fair. Arrival of Moody and Sankey. New York, August 14. —Moody aud Sankey arrived on the Spain. No re ception. Moody goes to Nortlilield, Mass., for two months. Sankey goes to Philadelphia. Raising Telegraph Rates. New York, August 14. —8 y mutual arrangement the Western Union aud Atlantic and Pacific Companies have decided to advance the tariff between Boston and Washington and New York and Albany twenty-live per cent. The advance goes into effect on Monday. A Little More Beecher Confidence. New York, August 14. —A proposi tion is on foot to build a summer church for Beecher on White mountain. New York, August 14. —Early on the morning of the lltli, Mary Ann Weiss, who exhibited sigus of insanity, left home with her child ten months old. In the evening the body of the child was found in North river, and to-day the body of Mrs. Weiss in the same lo cality. CARS FROM THE TRACK. A Villainous Act. St. Loris, August 14.— The night ex press train No. 3, on the Oiiio aud Mis sissippi Railroad, was thrown from the track last night half a mile east of Huron, Indiana. The cause of the ac cident was the removal of a rail, which is supposed to have been taken out by some malicious persons. Railroad au thorities say, although several cars were thrown from the track and pretty well shaken up, no one was injured. The company offers SSOO reward for the arrest of the miscreant who re moved the rail. Isaac Merritt Singer. This eminent mechanician died at his residence at Old Paignton, near Torquay, England, on the 23d day of July, 1875, in the sixty-fourth year of his age. it rarely happens tnat a great mechani cal inventor permanently identifies his name with the useful inventions he gives to the world. The men of talent too often seize upon and carry off the fame which properly belongs to men of genius. Still more rarely does it occur that the merito rious inventor secures the pecuniary re wards which justly pertain to the highest efforts of the mind. The subject of this notice was so fortu nate as to achieve, in both respects, a grand success. His name and reputation will be perpetuated by a great manufacturing cor poration, whose beneficial operations ex tend over the whole civilized world, and he died in the passession and enjoyment of a colossal fortune. His father was a German, a millwright by trade; his mother a native of Rensselaer county. New York, where the future inventor was born. At an early day the family removed to Oswego, but the father met witii little success in his busi ness, and the son, when about twelve years of age, witii very imperfect school educa tion and no money, departed from a home to which he never returned. From that time forth, he fought the bat tle of life alone. He soon turned his atten tion to mechanical work, and maintained him-elf as a machinist, but he never served any regular apprenticeship, and never pre tended to be an accomplished artisan. His mind naturally employed itself about novel means of reaching important results, and for manyyears, while engaged in inventions, it was his practice to employ the simplest materials, such as steel wire bent to some peculiar shape, or a piece of sheet iron cut to some strange form, or a pine stick curiously whittled witii a pocket knife, to elucidate the principles of some of the most useful and curious mechanical devices. The inventions being thus made, and the method of operation distinctly shown, any skilled artisan readily put them into per manent form. At one time Mr. Singer was engaged in the employment of the Messrs. Hoe, in the city of New York, as a machin ist, and then devoted his leisure hours to study for the stage. He enjoyed the ac quaintance, and, to a limited extent, the in struction of Placide, Povey, Clarke and others, who then adorned the stage of the old Park theatre. During several years he was a theatrical manager, and gave frequent representa tions of plays in the interior cities of Ohio, Pennsylvania and New York. In a certain line of characters lie is said to have acted with much success. To the close of his life he had an ardent love for theatricals and music, and in the splendid mansion, which he had built within the last few years, a theatre, complete in ail its appointments, was included. While he was still a young man lie inven ted a steam drilling machine, which was used with much advantage in the ( onstrnc tion of various railways and canals. Sub sequentiy he invented a machine for carv ing wood, metals, or marble. While en deavoring to iut! odnee this invention to public notice and use, his attention was casually directed to the sewing machine. At that time (A. D. 1850) though several pa tents on sewing devices had been granted in this and other countries, no practical machine capable of pro litablo employment to do ordina ry work had ever been produced. Up to that time sewing machines had been experimental merely, and had failed to be useful. In eleven days the llrst Singer sewing machine was invented and built complete, it contained much that was new and useful, subsequent improvements, for which numerous patents were obtained, added greatly to the value of this machine; but it was successful and profitable from the beginning to all concerned in it, and, against all competition, has steadily and continuously increased in public favor, thus establishing the reputation of the inventor and securing him a \ ast fortune. In 1860, Mr. Singer retired from the active management of business, and since that time has resided mainly abroad. After sev eral year’s residence in Paris, he went, with his family, to England, and finally purchased an estate and settled down at Old Paignton, near Torquay, in Devon shire. The last years of his life were de voted to the improvement of that property, where he dispensed a libei’al hospitality, and to the poor of that neighborhood his death will be a severe bereavement. A Chicago dispatch says Revenue Agent Joyce, of St. Louis, at Green Lake, Wis., says the court officers know that he holds himself ready to obey an order of the court at all times. OUR CLARKES 11,1,K LETTER. More Official Outr; (res—How a United States Commissio or Mocks at Jus tice—Swift Wi leases Used to Swear Away the I eeedom of Accused Persons —Drum I ead Courts-Martial Outdone—Attornt j General Pierre pont’s New Brooi Needed in North Georgia. [Correspondence ol 1 ie Constitutionalist 1 Clarkesville, i ugust 11th, 1875. That immaculate United States Com missioner, John M Church, convened his court in this ph> e on yesterday for the trial of four j ; isoners, Isham B. Blalock, Francis 1; l Blalock, Spencer Duke and Moses Ci jitrell, (col.), arrest ed and brought 1 j-re from Dawson county, charged wi i violations of the Internal Revenue juvs. The warrant was drawn up in [he omnibus style, aud embraced nea ly all the offenses known to the codt :in relation to dis tilling and selling & irituous liquors.— F. M. Blalock wat placed upon trial, and the only shrlow of evidence against him was thj|t of a convict by the name of Purcei* who is now serv ing out a sentence <Y the United States Court for illicit Slistilling, in the Atlanta jail, and pho, it seems, is amusing himself bjpqving information and swearing againf| all the men who live iu his neighb§| hood. This mis erable wretcli was || ought here from jail to testify in theft) cases. He swore that about “a year ,feo last Spring he saw Blalock pourin|| mash in a still.” Four other witnesses, and witnesses for the prosecution Et that, swore that Blalock never did v?Uk in a distillery ; that they never km s? him to handle or have anything to <|j> with whisky, ex- cept to take a dri;|| Each of them further swore that jlhey were well ac quainted with the j|il bird’s character tor truth and veracity, and that he was not to be believed oF oath in a court of justice. They furtlpr swore that they knew of no distillerthe place men tioned by Purcell. ||here was no evi dence showing, eveifSC the distillery ex isted, that it was *•) illicit one; aud yet, upon this cf; fence alone, the Commissioner bounds the prisoner over in the sum of ssofyjjto appear at the U. S. Court at Atkilta for ferial. The Court then adjourn|fl;until this morn ing, when the other||Blalock was tried, and the only evideil) :in his case was by Puicell, that he Uad “seen him once in a still, and he ’peered to be helping his brother.” |l Cantrell was ther* tided, and the evi dence in his case showed only that he had “been once seGi in a still drawing something out of £ keg that ’peared like it might havebjtjn whiskey.” The evidence further shewed that this ne gro, instead of working iu a distillery, had been frequently solicited by Pur cell to work in his, ind had, under ad vice of the neighl|)!H, refused. The other witnesses for she prosecution tes tified the same at. ia the first case, aud upon such) evidence both prisoners were t|)uad over. The evidence against i Dyke, although wholly insufficient|t( bind him over was much stronger, iiaoo^im S to the opinion of everyone who heard Ui, case, than in eitheuoi the other cases, and yet he was diseparged. One of the witnesses said Dyke.had some under standing about hisgiTse with the Mar shal or court, but §d£at it was he did not know. Mr. G,|3f. Netherland, an attorney of this without fee and wholly as an act ol|charity, represent ed the prisoners ; ;|tid the evening be fore, when Blalocl| was tried, Dyke was very anxious |io be represented, but this morning, jwhen his case was cafied, he positively refused to have counsel, saying, iif a very confident manner. “No, I a|n just going to de pend on the mercy Jf the court.” Why this chauge? Mr. |Dyke was the best dresssd man in thelcijowd, and seemed to be a man of means, find had announc ed theeneningrbefoifi, in open Court, just upon adjournment,jjthat he “could give half of Dawson county as security on his bond.” Your cjrrespondent was in Court this mornirfg, and was asked by Mr. Netherlanij to assist him. I consented to do so, add was in the act of reading a statute t. > the Court, when tiie Marshal objected to my practicing in the Court, and, *fter argument, the commission decided that I could not. I then prepared to iassist the prisoner simply as a next fdieml. The Marshal and the Court botlifobjected, and I was ruled out, unless £[ could show my license. So malignant was the Mar shal that he appealed to the Court as to whether I should be fallowed to look into the revised status belonging to the Court, which I at |ho time held in my hand, and the bJolc was, under in structions from tht|Court, taken from me by the Marshal' A United States soldier then took tne book and kept it during the balance iof the trial. The whole affair was st| damnable that Mr. Netherland declinej: further to repre sent the prisoners before the court, saying he could not with respect to himself appear before such a tribunal. Mr. C. H. Sutton? another attorney here, who happened to be present, was asked by the Cou|t to represent the prisoners, and as a| act of charity con sented, but after til.! evidence aud de cision in one case| be also declined to further appaal: before the so called Court. Softho eases proceed ed without counsel, except the Mar shal, who, contrary!to the express pro vision of tho statute, examined wit nesses and conducted the prosecution, sitting on the bencji with the Commis sioner, and carrying on nearly all the while a whispering conversation with the Court, so-called) There is a United States Commission:" living in Dawson county, within a fei’ miles of where all these men live, njid yet they were brought here, ove- sixty miles away from home and from friends, who could and would Ggn their bonds for trial. Mr. Netherland asked the Mar elm! why he did- not, as the law required him U? do, take “ the prisoners before the nearest and most accessible officer authorized to hear the case,” as he said, because Mr. Church had issued the subpoenas. After court, however, he said, in talk ing to one (J his '.“hums, “By G and, I know my and I’m not going to take them before a Commissioner that might turn them loose. Hereafter I am going to have these warrants sworn to in Atlanta, and take the last darn’d one of them there.” If the ob ject is not to have them turned loose, whether the evidence shows guilt or not, then surely tbyke can be no use of taking them beyoiffi Clarkesville. When Church If: und over the pris oners. he announjpd from the bench that he “did not tjjiink there was any evidence that woujc- convict them, but as he could not ffiaas on that, and there was a prtw,imption that they might have violate^ithe law he should bind them over fo trial.” And yet he sits as a judicial ?qfleer to administer law. Henry Martial the Marshal above referred to ia tlSel same one about whom the soldiers mentioned in my former letter, made affidavits as to his getting them to sign warrants in blank. Church is the same Commissioner whom they swore issued these warrants without their signing in his presence, or even admin j istering to them an affidavit. And it is j because I ventilated these outrages that I was refused the right to repre sent, as counsel or friend, an ignorant, unprotected and persecuted mountain boy 7. Mr. Netherland asked Mr. Church whether the warrant under which the prisoners were arrested, was signed in his presence, and he had “no distinct recollection on the subject,” and could not even say “whether he ever went through the formality of administer ing the oath or not.” Mr. Church is not an ignorant man, but one of remarkable shrewdness and has at least a good ordinary education. So, what ever he does is not chargeable to igno rance. The prisoners being away from home, and consequently unable to give bond, are now in jail here, witii every prospect of their being taken to At lanta, there to lay until Court meets. Surely no grand jury composed of hon est or decent men will ever fiud a true bill against either or any of them. I have endeavored to lay before you, Mr. Editor, a bare statement of facts, without comment. You can make such as you see fit, for my indignation is so thoroughly 7 fatigued that I am utterly unable to command language suffi ciently expressive to convey my con tempt for the judicial mockery that I have just witnessed. How long Judge Erskine, the District Attorney aud others in authority expect to allow such things to continue time alone will show. There is one thing very certain, the people do not intend to submit to it always, and unless redressed by law, which they are willing always to obey, they 7 will use the means a wise Provi dence has placed in their hands, and protect themselves. There is a diiving rain now falling, which has every indication of being a general one, and I am only afraid that the complaint will be too much rain. Corn is safe, and these rains are just what is wanted for potatoes, etc. The weather is cool, and begins to feel very much like Fall. Lex. REV. DR. DEEMS’ OPEN LETTER. To Row Albert S. Hunt, D. D., Rev. Charles IT. Fowler, LL 1)., Gen. Clinton B. Fisk, Rev. W. Morley Punshou, LL. I)., the Very Rev the Dean of Canterbury the Rt. Rev. Bishop de Schweinitz and Rev. John J. Murray, D. D.: Rev. and Dear Brethren: The only place in America which enjoyed the regular labors of John Wesley was the city of Savannah, in Georgia. His visit to that town, and the circumstances of his voyage thither, did much to place him in that spiritual condition which enabled him to be an immense blessing to the whole body of Christendom.— Every intelligent and candid man of every Christian Church now acknow ledges the indebtedness of his own de nomination to John Wesley. Last Winter I spent a Sunday in the beautiful city of Savannah. Bishop Beckwith's father had been my friend in my early ministry, and I had tho pleasure of hearing the Bishop preach in the morning. At night I sought out “Wesley Chapel,” and had great diffi culty in finding it; and when it was found it was so poor a structure to bear so honored a name that I felt that a generation given to erecting memori als should place something in Savan nah to be a monument to him who did so much for us all. And now a movement is on foot to erect what shall be called the “Wesley Monumental Church.” Already thou sands of dollars have been subscribed. Dr. Holdich and the writer of this let ter have been designated to represent the enterprise in this city. I address you, honored brethren, because I have had the pleasure of meeting, each of you personally, and believe you to be so large-hearted that you will take no offense at my at tempt to interest many by placing your names at the head of this letter. It is the age of alliance for evangeli cal work. Faith never loses by chari ty. It seems to me that it would boa beautiful thing if the Church of Eng land, the rrotestant Episcopal Church in this country, the Wesleyans of Great Britain and Canada, the Methodist Protestants, and the Moravians, should unite in invoking contributions to a fund which should open a fountain of Christian effort on the spot where Wes ley’s earliest struggles began. The church is to be built in tho South; it has made my heart glad to hear of the generous donations now coming in so bountifully from the North. John Wesley lived and died a clergyman of the Church of England; that great church has had few sons whom she could not more easily spare than Wesley. His labors in Georgia were helpful towards preparing the way for Episcopalianism iu that State. I know the Episcopalians of Georgia, and shall trust that they will take a Christian interest in this enterprise. John Wesley was, in some sense, the spiritual son of Moravianism; the Mo ravian Church is the grandmother of America Methodism. Why should not all unite in this work? Will not Drs. Fowler and Hunt and Gen. Fisk be willing to receive contri butions from members or tho Metho dist Episcopal Church ? They were the fraternal delegates to the Southern Church at the last General Conference. Will not Dr. Punshon receive dona tions from the Wesleyaus? He has done much to make Englishmen and Americans of all denominations feel that “ blood is thicker than water.”— Cut off so long as the Wesleyans have been from tho Southern Methodists, does not the Divine Providence now herein offer a graceful opportunity for practical fraternity ? And the Dean of Canterbury won so many hearts at the General Conference of the Evangelical Alliance that he might take pleasure in aiding to erect a memorial to one of the greatest cler gymen of the Establishment, even if that Memorial Church should be under the Christian guardianship of another denomination. Cfould he not induce members of the University of Oxford to send at least a for the Church of tho most of all the Fellowaiof Lincoln And could not Bishop Beckwith in crease the respect and love of the Churches for each other in the noble State of Georgia by stimulating the people of the diocese to do liberal things for this structure, which is to beautify still more their beautiful and attractive city of Savannah? To the glory of God, who put John Wesley to school to the Moravians that he might learn Christ, Bishop de Schweinitz might turn some of the missionary vigor of his beloved denomi nation thusward, to a memorial of the most active, laborious and successful missionary that Moravianism can count among her spiritual sons, Let a most worthy Memorial Church be ereeted; and then, as I am on the line of free advice, let a clergyman from" the Church of England, from the Pro testant Episcopal Church, from the Methodist Episcopal Church, from the Methodist Protestant Church, and from the Moravian Church, be brought to gether to the dedication, that the world may know that we speak the truth when we repeat in our several services, “I believe in the Holy Ghost, the Holy Catholic Church, the communion of saints.” If I have made too free, dear breth ren, I beg pardon. I have written out of my heart, and am comfortable iu feeling that ye are all such godly, hum ble and earnest Christians that I might make the venture of this open letter, and do no harm, if I did no good. With very great respect aud Christ ian love, I am your brother, Charles F. Deems. Church of the Strangers, N. Y., July 20th, 1875. THE CONVICT QUESTION. Judge Snead’s Instructions to the Su pervisor. Office County Judge, | Richmond County, Aug., 14, 1875. j Joseph E. Burch, Esq., Commissioner of the Boor: Dear Sir: Supplementary to the or der of August 13th, 1875 (which is herewith enclosed) conferring upouyou the duties of Supervisor of County Convicts, I wish to give you the follow ing directions: Ist. You will be in attendance at the brick yard of the contractor each day to inspect the convicts; you will see that the quarters of the convicts are kept clean, and that sufficient bed bed clothing is provided. 2d. Wholesome food and necessary medical attendance must be furnished the convicts, and no convict represent ing himself to be sick must be put to work unless passed upon by a physi cian, who finds the contrary to be the case. The sick must be placed in quar ters separate and distinct from those that are well. 3d. No convict will be detained be yond the time of his sentence for costs. 4th. Bucking, gaggmg and running the gauntlet must cease, and only such punishment will bo inflicted in your presence as may be necessary, aud which is consistent with humanity. A registry must bo kept, which will show each case of punishment, the name of the offender, the offense and the mode and extent of the punish ment. The above instructions are given for your general guidance, which you will please observe in the discharge of du ties imposed upon you. And in enter ing upon your duties suggest to the contractor the discharge of Mr. B. T. Olive, who shows by his evidence be fore the Commission his unfitness for the position of guard. Respectfully, Claiborne Snead, County Judge. A Private Letter of Andrew Jolmson. The Nashville (Tenn.) Banner, of the stll lust., prints the SUOjomeu private letter, written by the late Andrew John son, in October, 1865: Executive Mansion, ) Washington, October 9, 1865. J R. W. Bowen, Esq.: Dear Sir : Your letter of the 30th ult. has just been received and read with care and much interest. I write this short letter for the pur pose merely of acknowledging its re ceipt, and to thank you for such a letter. There is much I would like to confer about, but cannot do it now— the pressure is too great. I hope all will go off right in the Legislature, and that there will be a harmonious and successful session. God grant that our people may see what is before them and act with wisdom and social discretion. I periled all in opposing the rebellion and dissolution of the States. I peril more now for restoration of the Union and against consolidation, in which, if successful, all free government would end. If the Southern States will they cau materially aid in saving the Constitu tion and thereby restore all ffieir rights and also do justice to the one who thought, from the beginning, that lie was their real and best friend, aud that the time would come when they would see and admit it to be so. Oh, let the people have a heart of love and wis dom from on high to guide and direct them through this dreary night, whose sable mantle has covered the land witii gloom, and all will be well. My faith in them is unabated. My hope is strong that their decision, when made, will be just, and a triumphant vindication of man’s capability for self-government. Very respectfully, Andrew Johnson. Which Did He Mean ? As the Georgia boys were returning home last Saturday, the train stopped a short while at Franklin, Va., when some on* of them got to speaking of a certain pretty girl who was seen there as they were going down, and making inquiries concerning her address, etc. At that time up stepped a Newton county youth and said, “Yes, by George, and didn’t she belch loud !” The indignation of the “usher” was suddenly aroused, and he asked what was meant. “Oh, I was talking ’bout that blasted little cannon ; wan’t you ?” “No, sir,” said the first, “I was alluding to one of the prettiest young ladies that I ever saw!” “Well,” said our friend, “she is Sue sweet I am sorry I spoke.” The laugh was on Cheney the balauce of the way to Weldon, who said he’d never smile again. —Roanoke News. A Youthful Murder and Murderer. On Monday evening, the 2d of Au gust, a negro boy, aged eight years, living on the plantation of Mrs. Mas senburg, near Franklin, Va., being left as nurse for his little brother, aged two years, lost all patience with his charge who began crying for broad. The little villain took up his smaller brother and slammed him against the floor, knock ing him breathless, and then threw him out of the door, breaking his neck, from which he died instantly. Brother number one then left for parts un known. A jury of inquest was held the next day, which rendered a verdict in accordance with the above facts. — Ro anoke News. CROPS IN THE NORTHWEST. Summing Up the Per Cents. Chicago, August 14. — The Inter Ocean has advices from one hundred and fifty points of the Northwest and Wyoming, that in Illinois, lowa, Indiana, Michi gan, Wisconsin, Minnesota, Kansas, Nebraska, Missouri, Ohio and Dako tah showing the crop of 1875 to be— wheat, 65; oats, 79, and corn 91 per cent, of an average crop, SHERMAN AND AUGUSTA. 11 ! ♦ Strategy vs. Romance and Bribery— The “ True Inwardness ” of the March to the Sea. Mr. Editor— Considerable specula tion has recently been indulged in as to the motives which actuated General Shermay iu giving Augusta the go-by in his ‘jjVLn’ch to the Sea.” In your editorial upon this subject a short time ago you told a beautiful story of that officer’s having witnessed, while sta tioned at the Arsenal near this place be fore the war, the marriage of a lovely girl, the image of whose fair young face he had ever carried iu his heart. l r ou stated (whether as your own opin ion or upon the authority of an infor mant, I do not remember) that there was reason to believe that this tender reminiscence of by-gone days had moved Sherman to turn the head of his columns from our city, and that thus, probably, was Au gusta spared the cruel fate of Atlanta and Columbia. Your readiness to ac cept a solution of the question as cribing sentiments so chivalrous to one who lately brought such desolation to the hearthstones of many of our people was highly creditable to your heart. But I think (as I will hereafter en deavor to show) that General Sherman suffered no associations of the past— no recollections of bright eyes and bridal veils—to enter into his calcula tions, either at the initiation or during the progress of his march through Georgia. Neither am I disposed to think that his movements in that mem orable campaign were influenced by any complications with blockade-runners, or that he avoided Augusta, as lias been alleged, on account of any pecu - niary consideration they may have of fered him to protect their interests. From a personal acquaintance with General Sherman in former years I am not prepared to believe him capable of accepting a bribe, however much I may see in his character to condemn in other respects. That he is selfish, as well as ambitious, can scarcely be de nied ; but I never saw anything to lead me to think him either sordid or dis honest. It is hardly to be supposed that he would have risked his charac ter for integrity and his reputation as a strategist for the comparatively small sum of one hundred thousand dollars. In my opinion Sherman was deterred from taking Augusta in his line of march purely by military considera tions involving not only the success of his immediate undertaking, but under certain contingencies the safety of his army. It should be borne in mind that when he cut loose from his base at Atlanta, be reduced his transportation to the minimum required, and his troops were provided with only two days’ rations. When this temporary supply was exhausted, the problem of sustaining so large a force became one of great difficulty. True, much of the country through which he must needs pass was rich and abounding in pro visions for man and beast; but there was at least a belt of territory between Milieu aud Savannah which offered very meagre facilities for the suste nonoo nt on ormjr fGlr>ritsr nf move. ment was indispensable to the success of Sherman’s plans; for he knew not at what moment he might be confront ed by a force which, though it might not be able successfully to cope with him in a pitched battle, might at least so retard his march aud circumscribe the operations of his foraging parties as to reduce his army to starvation and consequent disbandment or surrender. To show that there were grounds for such apprehensions, I will state that a council of war was called by Gen. Hood at Florence, Ala., for the purpose of considering the propriety of transfer ring his army from that point to Macon by rail, and either thiowing it in Sher man’s front or upon his flank. This movement could have been effected in three or four days, aud had the plan been adopted the “ march to the sea ” might have ended in disaster. But this proposition, though approved by a majority of the council (and con curred in, I think, by Gen. Beauregard, the commander at the time of the De partment of the West) was overruled by Gen. Hood. I think enough has been said to de monstrate the necessity for Gen. Sherman to make a direct and rapid march through Georgia. Indeed the dangers of delay at any point are so potent to a reflecting mind as scarcely to have required demonstra tion. I come now to the discussion of the considerations which may have more immediately influenced Gen. Sherman to pass Augusta by in his movement through our State. Some of these reasons may be inferred from what has already been said. By glancing at the map, it will be seen that a straight line drawn from Atlanta to Savan nah (Sherman’s immediate objective point) would leave Augusta consid erably to tho north, and for an army to accomplish this detour would re quire at least two or three days even if unopposed. But Sherman might reasonably have expected considerable resistance at a point so important as a depot for supplies, and where most of the powder for the Confederate armies was manufactured. It may be said that the very importance of the place and the large amount of stores it con tained would have warranted him in risking the delay. But no doubt Sher man, in making his calculations—if he ever seriously entertained tho idea of coming to Augusta—consider ed the probability of tho sup plies being destroyed or run off to a place of safety on his approach. Be this as it may, however, he knew that the success of his general plan would virtually involve the loss of Au gusta to the Confederate Government. For though his immediate aim was to reach the sea and open communication with the fleet, his ultimate object was to establish anew base at Savannah, aud moving northward to operate against Gen. Lee’s flank and rear.— Having destroyed the railroads radiat ing southward and westward from Au gusta, it was only necessaiy for him to place himself between it and the Army of Northern Virgiuia when to all intents arid purposes it would fall. Asa depot for stores it would be completely cut off from the troops it was intended to sup ply, and would therefore no longer be of any military value to the Confederacy. All of these objects were actually accom plished by the plan Sherman adopted, and it is not unreasonable to suppose that the considerations briefly noted above had their weight in shaping his course. At any rate, from my knowl edge of General Sherman’s character, I do not think he was turned from our doors, like Coriolanus from the gates of Rome, by woman’s influence, ex erted either in direct appeal or through the eloquent memories of beaming eyes. Nor do I believe that he was swerved from the course which his am bition pointed out as the road to fame by the subtle power of sLining gold. Omega. New Series—Vol. 3, jSTo. 12 THE SHOT-GUN TEST. A “Materialized Spirit” Fired Upon in St. Louis—Fifty Dollars Paid for the Privilege. [St. Louis Republican, August 10.] A somewhat extraordinary exhibition of confidence on the part of a material ized spirit took place last evening at Concert Hall, when Mr. W. C. Clark, a St. Louis medium, permitted one of his materializations to stand the test of a rifle shot. It has for some time been contended by the skeptical that tho true way to prove the spiritual nature of these phenomena was with a shot gun. If a face smiling through an un glazed window could receive a charge of shot and still smile, it was thought the test might be ac cepted as proof at least that tho face was not human. The exhibition last night grew out of a challenge to Mr. Clark from Henry Timkens, a car riage-maker. Mr. Timkens offered SSO for the privilege of loading and firing a rifle at a face which Mr. Clarke should produce at the aperture of a cabinet, the medium to disrobe before entering the cabinet and put on clothes which the challenger should produce. After this the challenger was to fasten the me dium to the bottom of the cabinet. The audience was very small indeed, com prising only a few of the believers and a full representation of reporters from the daily papers. At 8:30 the doors were closed, and Mr. Clark retired to a side room to effect the change of raiment. The clothes provided were a white shirt, a pair of linen trowsers, and a pair of white cotton socks. The change was effected under the close scrutiny of several reporters and Mr. Timkens. He was then conducted directly to tho cabinet. Before the medium entered it was carefully examined a last time. It had been scrutinized all over, inside and out, while being put together, and there was nothing of it, at least noth ing that could be seen. When the medium entered the cabi net he seated himself on the floor with his back against the wall furthest from the aperture, and then Timkens tied him. Timkens had brought along a brace and a good-sized auger-1 it, and with this he proceeded to bore holes iu the bottom of the cabinet. Through these holes he passed stout cords. The cords passed over tho medium's legs and the ends were tied outside the box. Each leg was corded down iu two places, above and below the knee. An other cord was passed around the body and through the two holes in the side of the box, aud the end of this cord be ing likewise secured outside. The hands were then tied together and drawn down to the bottom of the box, the ends of this fastening also being knotted on the outside. Mr. Timkens was handy with the rope, and looked upon his work with a considerable de gree of satisfaction. When the fasten ings had been duly examined the door was closed. This was at precisely 9:20 p. m. Iu about three minutes there was a suc cession of raps from a considerable portion of the interior of the box. Then it was still a little time, after which cords. The lights, of couse, were turned down and the stillness became so oppressive that it was a relief when a small boy was heard whistling out on the street. Somebody in the audience started a song in a feeble, quavering voice, and quite a chorus gradually joined in. A German vocal ist favored the seance with a tremen dous bass solo, iu the midst of which an impish street Arab that had dodged the doorkeeper, fetched a piercing shriek and fled. AVith out any exaggeration it can safely be said that the musical performance last night was quite enough to raise spirits auywhere. At 9:50 o’clock tho audience had warbled themseives into a mild excitement by marching John Brown’s soul onward toward some un defined destination, and had just struck the refrain, “Glory Hallelujah !” when suddenly the curtain moved aside and. the face appeared. There it was. A pale, ghostly countenance, that looked as though it might have begged to a girl of seventeen at some previous time of the world’s history. It don’t look a bit like actual flesh and blood, Had it been possible to remove the front of tho cabinet suddenly, one never would have expected to see any piuned-back gear about the nether portion of the mate rialization. It was the face that might have be longed to some Greek maiden 2,000 years ago, and reminded one of the marble countenance of some statue. So much of the figure as was visible was strongly suggestive of a lost collar button a little lower down. All who saw were fairly transfixed witn aston ishment. The features were pefeetly clear and distinct, being illuminated by a soft light. There was not the slight est movement of a muscle or any eye lid that could be distinguished. While all were eagerly gazing at the vision there was an explosion that caused a rude interruption to the imaginative reveries the more superstitious had fallen into. As soon as the face appeared, Mr. A. B. Cunningham, at Mr. Timkins” re quest, had coolly sighted a small rifle at it. The wide open eyes looked almost into the muzzle of the guu with out any sign of flinching. Without the tremor of a muscle, Cunningham fired, apparently thinking no more of shoot ing a couple of girls than a Comanche would. At the shot the face remained steadfast. It wasn’t scared and didn’t wink. A few seconds it remained as befo r e, and then the curtain mys teriously slid across and obscured it from view. After about ten minutes waiting the medium asked for a glass of water. This was given him, and in a little time after he asked to be let out. When the door was opened he was found tied just as he was left when the door was first closed. The cords had evidently been strained a little and that was all. Everybody said it was a good thing and nobody could tell how it was done if the spirits didn’t do it. The medium professed to be very much exhausted by the exhibition, and said he wouldn’t do it again for any thing. The difficulties in the way of any imposition in this matter appear to be very great. It would have been almost impossible for any material for the production of the image as by a mask to have been introduced into the cabinet. The medium was very securely tied, and there was no possi ble chance for collusion on the part of a confederate. The Bullet certainly went through the aperture and through the face, whatever it was. This was as certained beyond a doubt by the find ing of the ball, it having passed through the back of the cabinet and imbedded itself in a board. Boston, August 14. —A freight loco motive exploded in the yard of the Fitchburg aud Charlestown Road. Sey> eral hurt,