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VOLUME XIII.—NUMBER 6L*. ATLANTA, GA., SATURDAY MORNING, SEPTEMBER 17, 1*487. PRICE: $2.00 A YEAR IN ADVANCE.
Shaking Across the Bloody Chasm.
SOUTHERN WAR SONGS.
Poetic Echoes From the Dead
Past.
For the Sunny South.
BLUE AND GRAY.
Thft war Is o’er, anrt Father Time
Has cleared the srjifp away
And scattered golden sunbeams
Where once darK shadows lay.
Our heroes sleep; oh! lettlom rest,
N'*r take 'heir fame away.
For glory marks each sacred snot
Where sleeps theBme and Gray.
CHORUS.
Then, what’s the use of fretting
Life’s precious hours away?
And why this senseless wrangling
Aneni the Blue aud Gray?
Iu early spring. In sylvan bowers
The blue-bird builds her nest,
Wnere dwells the bright-eyed mocking-bird
With tray and sliver breast;
Together sweetly Miiging
The happy hours away,
Th*or iove-u ten sweetly mingling—
They know no Blue or gray
Each fought for what he deemed was right,
Each heart was brave a d true.
And honor marks the patns they trod
Alike, the Gray and Blue
When angels hovered o’er the scenes
Where •lying loved ones 1 y,
They gathered all, nor did they care
If c »ats were blue or gray.
Our lives were mare for noble deeds,
We tiAVe no time tor h -te—
There Is for all o ie Heaven,
Love guards the pearly gate.
So • i from the busy paths of life
Our spirits all must stray;
And when our dust Is mingling,
Who’ll know the Blue from Gr-ty?
Hknnie I. Burke
Bjlnbrldge, Ga.
“Asa Hartz to Commissioner Ould.”
In looking over Home old clippings I find the
following unique production. It is in nowise'
a poem, soul-stirring and inspired, but it is a
letter in rbjme. Taking the environments
and the circumstances which prompted it, it is
of interest as an epistolar curio It is spicy
and characteristic—being from the once versa
tile pen of “Asa Hartz. M It was originally
sent by a flag of truce to Robert < >uld, Com
missioner for exchange of prisoners, who, in
turn, forwarded it to the Richmond E)iquirer
to be preserved in “glorious page diurnal,”
and which says, “ ‘Asa’ has been a prisoner of
war for nearly a year, and no wonder he is
get Ji g tired of ‘rusticating on Johnson’s Is
land. 1 His case deserves the attention of the
authorities.” Will R. Lowman.
“Block 1, Room 12, Johnson’s Island, Ohio,
April 2<>, 1864.
Dear Uncle Hob:
I fear your head
Has gone a-tbinkiug I am de id.
Toat ice and snow and doctors’ arts
Has stopp’d the breatn of “Asa Hariz.”
I write this in powic linyo.
To let you know I live, by jlugo.
And ask If you cau bring about
S in* certain means to get m* out?
Hav’n’t you got a Fed’ral “in. je”
Now r+stlii* In some Dixie cag«.
Who longs to see his loviug marm
Or visit ag-do his farm.
Or gaz* upon his garden “sas*,”
Or see • lcs more ills bright-eyed lass?
Hav’n’i you one of these, 1 say.
Whom you would like to swap away
For me. a man of vim—of “parts”—
Swap him. In snort, for “A*a Ilai'z?' 1
I’ve been ht-rc. now almost a year,
Ano sigh for llbe ty—so dear;
I’ve tried bv every means I knew
To bid this I*lea fond adieu;
Dug holes sca'ed wa'ls. p ssed through the gate,
Witn Yankee c »p upon my pate,
And wnen I went out on the ice.
And thought I’d got away so nice,
I met a blue coat In my route.
Who quickly made me face ab^ut;
Marched me, wlr.. a dtabol Ci grtu.
B »ck U the g tte and turned n e in!
I've swallowed every runiiTstrange,
That had a word about exch nge;
Grew t it with j »y aud lean with sorrow,
Was “up” to-day and “down’ to-morrow!
Implor d wild earnestness of soul,
To be released upon piro e!
Wrote Ben. F B a si icy letter.
And told him he c >ui«i not d » bstter
Thau I -*i me out for ihinv days—
I re .d his answer In arn.z !
He said that • things'’ were mixed up now,
In suen a way be knew uo how
T e favor that I asked atw.ut
C< uio wed b* eratbec. Had no doubt
That “things” u d so«*n be arranged
That all of ns w -ui*. be <xchat-ged.
Tiiat ended l . I wr*dc io Prentice,
Wbo several times ha i kin- lylem hit
Purse and name to ihi se wbos chance
And “pomp aud mIoji« us circumstance"
Had seut to rusticate a v bile
Within the “prison on Johnson’s Isle.”
Well, George D wrote t>» Gen. Terry,
Commander here—a good man, very—
And to d him it hVd let me out
For thirty days or ther* abou f .
II tfke ine d-*wu In o K mucky—
S e that I didn’t, “cur. m> lucky
Wou d go iny bail iu any si m—
That wiieu they wanted me—I'd come!
Gen Terry wrote him back,
That he must walk the beaten track!
“1 really thought,” said he, “you knew It,
That Stanton and he aione ca do It!”
Thus "tic ed tha plan- I’ve no doubt
Toat I’m alm<-sr “gone up tb. spout,”
Unless you can dr vise some m*ans,
T * give me etiangt of air and scenes
By special swap.
N >w, U cle Bob,
Be patient with me. D » not rob
Me of the hop- I fondty cherish —
D * not ie-*.*? m* nere to perish!
I’ve sb: fil d,cut the earns and dealt;
Have pl»>er by bower. (Its legs Is felt,
M -re than tbe toss of ll'iby Luc e).
Please play my band—save me tbe euebre,
And when your latest breath departs,
You’ll die bewailed by “Asa Hariz!”
P.8.
When you, In answering this, shall write,
Address me— ’M ayor G**>. Me Knight,
Pi is. of war” Bee wtl us v ry, •
And add on—'“Care of G^n’l Terry”
In an article on “Alcohol in High Latitudes,”
published in the Forum for August, the weav
er's chief clerk, Bro Gen. A \V. Greely, the
famous Arctic explorer, says: “This article
will not have been written iu vain if it has the
effect of c< meting among any class of. labor
ing men the mistaken idea that their capacity
for work is increased or their powers of endur
ance to exposure and cold enhanced by the
use of alcohol. The English navy never drinks
while working, and the Esquimaux and Chuk
chee, without alcohol, endure, unbanned, the
severest temperature known to man.”
Macon’s Enthusiastic Over
flow.
The spacious Academy of Music was crowded
last Tuesday night with the stalwart represent
atives of Macon’s wealth, intelligence and pat
riotism. Seldom has the city witnessed such
a gathering of her citizens—so united, so un
selfishly devoted to the attainment of one great
end. In eloquent phrase the Telegraph says of
it that “the future chroniclers of Macon will
fasten up last night as a background for the
centerpiece of the last grand review of the sur
viving participants of the grandest lost cause
that history has yet recorded. Soldiers that
had borne honorable parts in the ranks, and
ofticers that had wen stripes of honor, stood
side by side in solemn reverence as their grand
old chiefs name was mentioned. Women who
had borne their burdens in the dire disaster
were there with their blooming daughters, as
women stood about the tomb that promised
light of darkness, and life from death. Brave
young men, too young to have borne the mus
ket, were there to a .test that, they ‘inherited
the sins of their fathers.’ The rich and the
poor were there; the great and the humble
were there; the old and the young were there.
Tw > sentiments pervaded all: Reverential
love for the Confederate chief who is the con
crete victim of the Lost Cause, and happy con
tent that they should once again look upon his
face
“It was a love-feast of great rejoicing over
the promised visn. of ex-l’resident Jefferson
Davis to Macon during the fair.
“It is within he bounds of absolute truth to
say that the audience was thrilled with joy at
the happy prospect ot soon again seeing the be
loved cniet of the Lost Cause. The feeling
was one of hushed love for the person of Mr.
Davis. Admiration and veneration were in
abeyance to the love tiiat pervades every heart
for the grandest man in the Southern States.”
The following resolution, which, while com
memorative of the “sub imedevotion and Spar
ta i valor” of the defenders of the “losLcau.se,”
breathes a yet sublimer, nationally patriotic
sentiment, was unanimously pas ed:
“Resolved, That we hereby acknowlege our
obligation to the Agricultural Society lor af
fording us this final opportunity of testifying
our respect and admiration lor those qualities
of head and heart for which Mr. Davis is pre
eminently distinguished, and that we cordially
invite the people of all shades of polit cal dif
ference to visit us on the occasion of the Con
federate veteran’s reunion, pledging ourselves
to leave no exertion untried to make the event
memorable to those who participate, and be
lieving, in common wiih all right-trunking men,
that a loyal regard for the sublime devotion and
Spartan valor of a past generation, which shed
lustre upon the American name, can only the
more perfectly qualify us for the preseutdut.es
of citizenship iu a c >111111011 country and for that
position iu a co muon destiny to which we are
entitled, and which we are determined to se
cure for ourselves and posterity.”
Mr. W A. l*o<5 m ved that a committee of
ten be app anted to invite and take charge of
the Confederate veterans of all the Suues.
Captain l ark, m seconding Ifie motTov. made
a very neat address, mentioning the drffeient
gallant Generals that had been invited from all
over the South. His speech was ornate, digni
fied and very effective. He moved to amend
Mr 1 \>e\s moi ion by striking out 10 and insert
ing 25 which Mr. Poe accepted, and the motion
was carried.
Captain Carnes said an o'd soldier had made
what appeared a wise suggestion, to-wit: To
request every town and city in Georgia to pre
pare a roster of all tin soldiers in those places,
so that all those present at the reunion could
be placed on a grand roll of honor, to be cher
ished forever as an heirloom and a me mento of
tbe grand historic review. [Applause ]
Chairman Smiih explained that the Board of
Trade had raised $1,600 tor the purpose of ad
vertising, but that fully $3 000 would be re
quired lor that and ot .er expenses.
A handsome sum was subscribed by the au
dience.
II II. Jones moved that all soldiers be in
vited to correspond with their commanders,
and request him to call them together in Ma
con on the 20th of October. Adopted.
In answer to reptated calls Major J. F. Han
son made a few remarks. He said that the
meeting was for business and not eloquence.
Now was a time for work. He was satislitd
that every one was vastly interested in the
visit of Mr. Davis, and that an immense crowd
would be in Macon to see him It seemed to
him that arrangements for their reception were
not satisfactorily completed He was satisfied
at the enthusiasm developed all over Georgia
at the coming of Mr. Davis, but there was
work to do yet From recent experience he
knew it was difficult to get men to work when
it wasfor public good only. Every man, wo
man and child in Macon felt a deep interest in
the last grand re-umoi of Confederate veter
ans. [ Xpplause ] What, city could be more
appropriate than Macon for that assemblage?
[Applause.] If he was iu the presence of the
assembled multitudes, he would alii mi that
Macon is as loyal to the government under
which we lived as any; but Macon realizes
that there is no government to pension the
living or honor the dead heroes of the Confed
eracy. [ \pp! itise ] Knowing this, she had
invited tnern here to do them public honor, and
that they may be reviewed by their great gen
eral com uauder. There were two things to be
done: to put their hands into their pockets
often and freely, and 10 work. If these were
done the final leave-taking of the great Con
fed* rale chief and sol iers, in the mellow twi
light of this grand man’s life, would be the
sweetest cadences that could tail upon his ears.
[Applause]
Notes.
A celebrated artist will make a historical
painting of the grand review of all the Confed
erate veterans and generals by President Davis.
It is proposed 011 the night of the 26th of Oc
tober to put lights in every window of every
house in Macon.
Tne authors of Confederate war songs will
be invited; and a ba 1 quel is to be given them
by a number of gentle nen of a literary turn.
The rosters are being searched for the
youngest ai d the oldest surviving soldiers.
These two veterans will have a place of honor.
Escort duty will be done by the Bibb Coun
ty Cavalry, that won glory under Captain Dun
lap on many a battle field.
The Baby Wilier of Putnam county, the Red
Jacket of Columbus, and Tom Massenburg’s
Little Belcher, are enlisted.
The daughters of Gen R E. Lee and Gen.
Stenewali Jackson will be especially invited to
attend.
The six only survivors of the Silver-Haired
Minute Men of Macon will be in line, aud wear
tbe s%me cockades they wore when Stoueman
was bombarding Macon
The armories of the Macon military organi
zations will be open for soldiers all day and all
night with the flowing bowl never an inch be
low the rim
A pipe will be run from tbe Chatham Artil
lery Punch reservoir to tne Macon Volunteers
armory, with the faucet turned on.
Robert R. Magee, of Baltimore, won the long
distance swimming championship of America
and a purs • of $850, on the 25th ult., by defeat
ing Butler and BUckhurst in a ten-miie race in
the Delaware river. Butler held the champion
ship for five years. The time of the men was:
Magee, 2:57; Butler, 3:10-10; BUckhurst, 3.25.
An Inlianapolis despatch says that the
largest comet that has appeared in many years
was visibl* there in the Northern sky the latter
part of August. Its outline was somewhat
dipa, but it was perfectly plain to the naked
eye. It was first noticed about ten o’clock.
The Original Thirteen.
Anniversary of the First Cen-
tennial.
Portraits and Brief Sketches of the
Present Governors of the Old
Thirteen States.
When the Thirteen Colonies severed their
connection with Great Britain, the manage
ment of affairs was confided to what is known
as the Continental Congress After their in
dependence was acknowledged, its power be
ing undefined, Articles of Confederation were
entered into. ‘Those articles, however, did
not concede the full measure of authority es
sential to the vigor and t flicieney of the gov
ernment, the establishment of the public cred
it., or the preservation of faith with the public
creiitors, and a convention >f delegates was
therefore tailed on the recommendation of
Congress to propo-e aimndmen’s. This Con
vention nut in Philadelphia, in May, 1787,
and organized by the choice of George Wash
ington as President. Being satisfied that
something beyond mere amendments to the
Articles of Confederation was required, the
members proeee led to frame a Constitution,
which was completed and agreed upon Sep
tember 17th, 1787—just one hundred years ago
to-day—and submitted to a convention of del
egates in each State for ratification; it being
provided therein that, the ratification bv nme
OLIVER AMES,
Governor of Massachusetts, was born in
Nor'h Ea*ton, Mass , and was practically em
ployed in the shovel nia* ufacturing w irks of
his father. He is wealthy, has large manufac
turing ii terests. and popular because of the re
gard he manifests for the welfare of his work
people. He is a prohibitionist, has b$en a
member of the State Senate, and several times
Lieutenant Governor.
JOHN W. DAVIS,
Governor of Rhode Island, was born in Re-
hoboth, Mass.. March 7t,h, 1826. When eigh
teen he was apprenticed to the trade of mason
ry, and for years followed that business. He
took contracts several winters in the South
In 1850 he c •mmenced a mercantile career
with marked slice ss. Local poli'ical success
es led to the final one of giving Rhrde Island
the “long felt want” of a Democratic Governor.
JA VIES A. BEAVER,
Governor 01 Pemi^vivan 1 f »orn in Mil-
leestown, Pa , Oct. 21st, 1837, gradu*ted from
Jefferson College in Canoeshurir. in 1856 and
admitted to the bar. He served in the Federal
army during the war, teceiving disabling
wound8 in several battles, one finally causing
the loss of a leg and his retirement. Resum
ing his profession, he engaged in oolitics. lie
was defeated for Governor in 1882, but sue
ceeded in the last election.
ALFRED M. SCALES,
Governor 01 N oiq Carolina wa* bom in
Rockinsham county, N. C., in 1827; admitted
to bar, 1852; elected to Congress iu 1856 and
again in 1871. serving continually until elected
Governor in 1884.
FITZHUGH LEE,
Governor of Virginia, is a grandson of
“Light-Horse Harry” of Revolutionary fame
He graduated from West Point in 1856. Dur
ing the war lie gained distinction as .a cavalry
officer. After the war he set Jed down as a
miller and farmer. His entrance into political
life in 1875, culminated in h s elevation to the
Governorship of the “O d I) mainiou.”
States should be sufficient, for it* establishment
between tbe States so ratifying ”
Eleven States having ratified the Constitu
tion t^ie government was fully organized and
put in operation in March 1780; and the two
remaining States sit nified their assent in due
form afterward. It has bt on rightly pronounc
ed “the most wonderful work ever struck off
at a given time by the brain and purpose of
man.” Fifteen amendments have been made
to that instrument, since its ratification by the
original thirteen Sta es Ten of them were
prepared at the first session of the firRt Con
gress in the United States, Sept 25, 1780, and
were ratified by the constitutional number of
States on Dec. 15, 1704 The eleventh amend
ment was dblared a part, of the constitution
Jan. 8, 1708. The twelfth amendment dates
from 1804. The thirteenth, fourteenth and
fifteenth amendments wtre a consequence of
the civil war. This is the instrument under
which the only republic worthy of the name
has grown to an influence and power second to
no other civilized government on the globe.
The American people, t< day, attest the wis
dom of the men who indittd this incompara
ble composition, which so exactly defines the
jurisdiction of all departments of the General
Government, arid so accurately draws the di
viding line between the States and the nation,
preserving State rights without diminishing
national supremacy, that neither Federal nor
State governments cm interpose any effective
barrier to the continue d progress and prosper
ity of the people—“an inseparable Union of
indestructible States”—“Many like billows,
one like the sea.”
WASHINGTON CITY.
Reminiscences of Distin
guished Public Men.
Incidents Which Have Transpired •»
the National Capitol.
CHARLES.S. SAWYER,
Governor of N. w Hampshire, was born in
Lancaster Miss , in 1840. Removed to Dover.
N. H., where he war educated. Entered a
wooien mill at seventGo, mastered the busi
ness; was one of the in*orporators in 1873, and
soon became if.s Presirjr % v ’H\rV: President of
a Savings Bank and :^fiact >r of a National
Btnk. Mr. Sawyer w Alected Representa
tive to Congress in again in 1876.
PHINEASC. LOUNSBURY,
Governor of Connecticut, was born on a farm
in Fairfield county, in that State, in 1840. Re
ceiving the education common to the time and
country villages, he entered he business arena.
He was in the army during the war; after
wards engaged with his brother in the boot
and shoe manufnc uring business. After fill
ing satisfactorily several minor local poli’ical
positions he was elected to his present office.
DANIEL B. JILL,
Governor of New York, fas bom in Ha
vana, Schuyler coun y. Net York, and was
elected Lieutenant Governoon the ticket with
Grover Cleveland. On the election of Mr
Cleveland to the Presidency Mr. Hill became
Governor, and so satisfactor was his admin
istration, that the Democrat practically unan
imously nominated him in 185, and has even
given him great prom n 1 ce* r the Democrat
ic Presidential nomination 1 1888.
ROBERT S. GREEN,
Governor «;t N»*w Jersey, was born at Prince
ton, N. J , March 25, 1831, and graduated from
Princeton College in 1850, and was admitted to
tbe bar in 1853 and settled in Elizabeth where
he has res ded ever since. He has filled the
position of City Attorney, Surrogate of Union
county, Judge Court of Common Pleas, and
various other offices II« was elected to Con
gress in 1884 and Governor at the last election.
The Siamese Twins
Chang and Eng, the Siamese twins, who were
brought to this country by Capt. Coffin of New
bury port when they were boys, afterwards ex
hibited themselves, and when they had accu
mulated some property determined to settle
down and purchase a plantation in the up-coun
try of North Carolina. There they induced the
two daughters of a clergyman to become their
wives. The double nuptial knot was tied, and
as they could not have separate and distinct
establishments, they became heads of a double
household. . In 1853 they came to Washington,
having become rather tired of country life, aud
started out on a tour of exhibition, accompan
ied by two of their children. At that time they
had eleven children, six of them belonging to
Mrs. ChaLg, and the other five to Mrs. Eng.
They had also about thirty slaves, with a goud
deal of stock* When at home they attended
industriously to business of their plantation,
kept the negroes at work, and were always
ready and willing to plow, chop wood, and do
all sorts of farm work. Then when business
was not uigent they would devote their time to
field sports, and were among the keenest hun
ters, fowlers and fishers of their district. Tbe
Mesdames Chang and Eng seconded their lords
right well in the management of the concern,
and remained behind to take care of the house
hold during thea bsence of their distinguish con
sorts. Madame Chang was said to devote her
time to '.he general supervision of the slaves and
the direction of the work to he performed on the
plantation; while Madame Eug charged herself
with the care of all the young masters and mis
ses. instructing them and the little negro chil
dren. A few years afterwirds I saw it stated
in the papers that the two wives had quarrell
ed, and another plantation had been bought, so
that each had her individual home. The dupli
cate husbands, not being able to divide them
selves, spent a fortnight alternately at each es
tablishment.
Tom Corwin the Irrepressible.
Tom Corwin once illustrarted in a speech tbe
different positions on tht slavery question t aken
by the Democracy in Ohio and in New York,
by narrating Unde John Shelby’s adventures
in “running down” a deer. Tae ground he
said, was covered with six inches of snow, on
which the rain bad fallen and been frozen,
forming a crust sufficiently strong to bear bis
weight. In the morning he discovered the
tracks of a deer, and started after it with the
dcusrc|iuation of ftuuping it down. After det»-
cribmjJ 1 he courseVaken, ai d detailing differ
ent incidents that occured during the chase, he
said that about noon he felt somewhat weary
and hungry, and, standing his gun against a
fence, he jumped into a cornfield and pulled
some roasting ears, on which he proposed to
make a meal.
“Whai, Uncle John, snow on the ground and
roasting ears? That wont do,” said one of the
company.
“Hold on, boys,“ said Uucle John, “I’ve
made a little mistake, and got two stories mix
ed!”
Mr. Corwin thought that the Democracy had
gotton their positions on slavery slighty mixed
—that there was snow in New York and roast
ing ears in Ohio.
United States Signal Service.
PERSONAL MENTION.
What the People Are Doing
and Saying
Mr. Andrew Carnegie will probably soon pay
J: 115,000 for Aboyne Castle.
I’rince de Talleyrand, now in New York, an-
nounces bis intention of becoming an American
citizen.
Lord Edmund Fitzmaurice, brother of Lord
Lansdowne, has joined the Gladstone wing of
the Liberal party.
II. T. Beauregard, son of the ez-Confederate
General, is one of the leading business men of
San Diego, Cal.
_<»ne of the violins made by Amati for Louis
XIV. has just heen sold at Buda-Pestb for the
equivalent of -33,500.
Frascuelo, the bull fighter, has been offered
$50 000 for four performances in the city of
Mexico and he has accepted.
The belle of Athens, Ga., is Miss Olivia
Cobb, who though but ju-t out of her teens
has refused thirty offers of marriage.
Gen. Boulanger’s mother was English. His
sixtt en-year-old daughter is ta.ll. graceful, blue-
eyed, and of her father’s noble bearing.
Rev. Alvin Woods, I) I)., at one ime Presi
dent of the University of Alabama, dii d in
Providence, R. L, on the 5lh msi., aged 04.
Fred Gebbard has captured the Fifih Ave
nue Theatre at $30,000. a year rental, and Mrs.
Langtry will travel uo more alter this seaeon.
Gen. Albert Pike is very fond of birds, ard
has in his study, dozens of them in cages;
mocking birds, canaries, robins, bluebirds and
others.
John A. Kasson appears t > be forging to the
front in Iowa as the candidate for United States
Senator of that portion of the party opposed to
Mr. Wilson.
Congressman Randall wears no jewelry ex-
cept. a diamond collar button, wnicti was pre
sented to him by admirers at a church fair in
Philadelphia.
Annie Mercer, of Missaukee coun’y, Mich.,
promises to become a gian ess She is only in
iier twelfth year, and yet she is a trifle over six
feet in stature.
Mme Trel.it left nearly all her property—
about $400,000—to the municipality < f Paris to
found a school lor the training of young girls
in household duties.
BENJAMIN T.
Governor >t Del.o
ru at Summit
Bridge, Oct. 1st, 1821. Haras raised on a
farm, but entered
dletown, Conn , to
Failing health compelled
Mid
ation.
resume farm
ing, which has been his “caSg" since, engag
ing just enough in pditics
tion sure ’ to the
mase his “elec-
of his native
J. P. RICHAUDN,
Governor of South Carolina, nes from a dis
tinguished family. After maiyears’ faithful
service was elected Governor last election.
HENRY LLOYD,
The acting Governor i.i .« try land was born
in Dorchester county in 1852; was educated in
Cambridge, serving as teacher and principal of
the school after vards, filled various local of
fices; was admitted to the bar in 1873; elected
ttftbe State Senate in 1881; made its Presi
dent in 1883, and when Governor McLane was
appointed to tbe French Mission, he became
Governor.
JOHN B GORDON,
Governor of Georgia, was born in Upson
county, Ga., Fesruary (ith, 1832. Madea splen
did war record; subsequently represented Geor
gia in the U. S. Senate, and was elected Gov
ernor last October.
The Signal Service of the United States was
first made known in 1850. Major Myer, then
an assistant surgeon in the United States
army, announced his discovery of a system of
signals by which orders or information could
be transmitted by sight or by souud, over dis
tances varying from one to fifteen miles, with
the most perfect accuracy. The messages could
be transmitted either by firing cannon, waving
flags, disp ayit.g lanterns, throwing up rockets
or even waving forage-caps. Small flags were
regarded as the most simple means of thus tele
graphing, aud with an opera-glass messages
were easily transmitted seven or eight miles.
The system was fully tested by diffeient offi
cers, and in 18(10, it was proposed iu the Sen
ate to establish the grade ot “signal officer,”
that the inventor might have a suitable rank,
and instruct others in this art of telegraphing
by sight or by sound. The “secret” of the
of the system was an ingenious cipher, the char
acters of which were expressed by emotions or
by sounds, with repetitions and different inter
vals of time elapsing. The prtposition met
with favor both in the Senate and in the House.
Senator Crittenden hoped “to give the young
officer who has Drought this system to such per
fection that it will be useful in the army a posi
tion which will enable biin to introduce and
familiarize the use of it.” Senator IVilson aud
others als > urged the appointment. Jefferson
Davis bitterly opposed it, but the signal corps
was established, the Senate vote being thirty
against twenty four. It was orignaliy organized
lieutenant* and sergeants, detailed from differ
ent regiments. They were encamped at Red
Hill, just above Georgetown, and there thor
oughly trained. Each adjutant was also ini
tiated into the system, ami the penalty for dis
closing it, except under orders, to friei d or foe
was death. The corps was of great value dur
ing the war, but Gui. Myer lived but a few
years afterwards, having meanwhile perfected
his invention, and added to it weather reports.
Laying out the Capitol Crounds.
Mr. Andrew J. Downing, a landscape gard
ener, who had revolutionized public sentiment
in building country houses and in laying out
the grounds around them, perished by the
burning of a steamer on the Hudson River, in
1852. At the time of his death 41r. Downing
was employed by the Government at Washing-
ton|in laying out thegrounds in front of i he Capi
tal. He had not yet complehd his plans, but
Buch alterations as had already made were uni
versally admitted to be a great improvement
to the metropolis, and promised tbe most beau
tiful results, Mr. Downing nad determined to
expend the whole resources of his art, under
the guidance of his exquisite taste, in render
ing these national gardens worthy of their
name. Whether he left any instructions or
drawings to enable others to carry out his de
signs, I cannot say. In bis private character,
Mr. Downing was upright, amiable and lovely,
and he gave himself with genial enthusiasm to
every subj -ct likely to elevate or retiue the taste
of his fellow men. A monument to bis memory
was erected on the grounds of tbe Smithsonian
Institution.
Origin of the Pacific Railway.
Mr. Asa Whitney came to Washington in
1850 51 with his original scheme for the con
struction of a railroad from Lake Michigan to
the l’acific Ocean. He asked the Government
of the United Slates to cede to him a belt of
land sixty mi es »ide, along the en ire length of
tbe proposed line, which would be about 78,000,-
(100 acres. For this gram be engaged to pay
ten cents an acre, or $8 000 000; and he also
engaged to construct tne railway, and to peo
ple the country through which he parsed, rea
lizing bis own profit out of the proceeds of the
sale of the surplus lauds on each side of the
road. And he finally proposed that the rail
way should then become national property, free
from all tolls, except what might be actually
required to keep it in repair.
Prof. Virchow, the German scientist, is to be
made a Knight of ihe Iron Cross. The Pro
fessor’s rt cent researches are proneuuced the
most thorough of the century.
John Boyle O’Reilly and Julian Hawthorne
are tine spe limens of athletic manhood, and
are. very unlike in appearance to the popular
idea of “litterary fellers.”
Doctors Anna Broomall and Clara Marshall
have been appointed, assistant medical exam
iners by the Penn Mutual Life Insurance Com
pany, of Philadelphia.
The Lindon Daily News says that Mr. Glad
stone will not attend Parliament during the
remainder of the session unless his presence
is absolutely necessary.
It is reported at St Petersburg that Grand
Duke Michael, son of Grand Duke Michael,
uncle of the czar, will shortly be affiauced to
a daughter of the Prn.ee of Wales.
Mrs. Iva Richmond, of Golden, Mich., was
thrown into the machinery of a reaper that she
wasdriviDg, but her life was saved by her faith
ful dog, that rushed forward aud stopped the
team.
Nelson 1) Bromley, of Waterloo, Wis.,
transferred $30,000 worth of property to Emily
D. Arndt, a spiri ualistic doctor, because the
spirit of his dead wife, through a medium, told
him to.
Mr. Bell, the owner of the Thistle, and his
wife, are passengers on the steamer City of
Rome, which left Liverpool Thursday for New
York. Mr. Bell is confident that the Thistle
will win.
The young Chinaman who recently married
an American lady in Connecticut has accepted
a position on the New Haven Il-yister. Being
the product of two countries his editorial style
will doubtless be doubly florid.
T. B. Peterson i Bros., of Philadelphia,
have published a faithful Hteel plate copy of
Munkacsy’s great picture, “Christ Before Pi
late,” for which Mr. Wanamaker, of that city,
paid $100 000.
The Duke of Marlborough is at Newport,
and though some people are disposed to look
askance at him, he will pr >bably be made a li
on of. He is the guest of Mrs. Paran Stevens,
one of New York’s s. ciety leaders. ■
Capt. Hurst and First Officer Gibson, of the
British steamer Wydale, have each received
from President Cleveland a gold waich and
chain as a reward for their services in rescuing
the crew of the American schooner Joseph
Baymore.
Senora Guadaloup Gutierrez died last week
at Santa Cruz, California, at the age of one
hundred arid six years. She came to Santa
Cruz over seventy-live years ago wilh a com
pany of Mexican colonists, and has lived there
all these years.
Fanny Kemble, who is at least 74 years old,
is living in England A visit from her is ex
pected at Lenox, Mass , and the people there
will give her a warm reception
bell 'in the tower of th
were a present from ber.
O’G Tinao Mahon, the Nea*or of the home
rulers at Westminster, is 84 years old. He
firmly believes that he will live to see -estored
to its old home, in I) .Kin, the Irish National
L gislature, removed thence only three years
before he was born lie is the oldest man
ever elected to Parliament.
Mr. George M. Pullman and family went to
the Thousand Islands a few days ago to re
claim their island from desolation. They will
build a splendid mansion there and henceforth
make it their summer home. Mr Pullman
bought the island for $40 That was seven
teen years ago. It is worth $10,(W0.
Fred Carrutb, the funny man of the Dakota
Hell, will hereafter write for the New York
Tribune at a salary of $00 a week Next to
being a born base-ball pUyer there is nothing
better than to be born a funny man. And by
the way, why are there no funny women? Has
the sex no humor! Banish the thought!
The Pester Lloyd says that Louis Kossuth,
who left luriu Juiy 7 far Courmayeur to take
the waters, is in excellent health. In spite of
his 85 years, he is perfectly erect, his complex
ion is rosy, and his intellect as vigorous- as
ever. His sister, Madame liuttkay, who for
merly resided in the United States, is his con
stant companion.
It is announced from Constan' inople that Sir
Salar Jung has betrothed himself to the second
daughter of Himli Pacha, a well-educated girl
of 11 years, whose mother is a distinguished
leader of the female emancipation movement
Sir Salar’s future bride aud her two sist> re and
mother, though otherwise strict Mussulmans,
all mix freely in European society •
W. H. Phelps, 77 years of age, a brother of
Minister Phelps, who represents this county at
the court of James, earns his daily bread at
Sioux Falls, D. T., by sewing in a tailoi-shop ■
there. He was once a successful writer on the
New York Herald in the dav s of the elder Ben
nett. Mr. Phelps has visited every Slate in
tbe Union, has done business in fourteen States
and in Soath America. He is very ecceutric
and has not spoken to any of the Phelps family
for thirty years. The family is one of the
most noted iu Vermont, and the Sioux Falls
member is a college graduate and highly edu
cated.
s pet
The clock and
i Congregational church