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jURCH 22, 1902 'THE SUNNY SOUTH FIFTH T>AGE 5/* Whistling •School Choir at Berean Sunday a Southern Novelty at Sunbury, and so also was Archibald Bulloch, the grandfather of President Roosevelt. Richard Howley, Nathaniel Bronson, governors; John Elliott, Alfred Ivison, A. O. Bacon and Alfred H. Col quitt, United States senators; John E. Ward, minister to china, members of con gress without number. F. R. Golding, the inventor of the sewing machine, and au- Ihor of the “Young Marooners,” Profes sors John and Joseph LeCont, Rev. Pat rick H. Mell, Colonel C. C. Jones. Geor gia's greatest historian, all sprang from this community. But what of Sunbury today? "The garden with the harbor gone. And feone the orchard green; A shadowed chimney stands alone. Possessor of the scene.” In spelling the county Brvan "Brient" there lived in Sunbury only five families. Today, 1902, one old chimney, the remains of an old fort and a large live oak in an old scrubby cedar field, are all that re main to mark the spot of the once lovely, beaut'ful, cultured, prosperous, chival rous, historic Sunbury. Sic transit gloria mundi. In spelling the county Bry “Bryent" and Sunbury “Sunburry,” Casey takes rank as a speller with Governor Mat thews and when he says “Frederieka on the island of St. Simons is the first town that wiis built in Georgia,” Ills inform,i- j tion is as incorrect as his spelling. Sa vannah was the first town in Georgia, | then Ebenezer, and Frederieka and An- I gusta. Frederieka at one time was the favorite residence of General Oglethorpe, and around the old place are many hal lowed associations. It was established .n 1736. The first houses were made of clap boards, thatched with palmetto leaves, which were found in great quantity all over the island. Very soon, however, some twenty nr more brick houses were begun. The brick were imported from Europe. Among the remains of t'he old town at this date some of these brick are still found in good condition. The principal streets were laid off 75 feet wide, each named after some officer in General Oglethorpe’s regiment. “Along whose sides were planted orange trees, giving the town a pleasantly green and shady appearance.” At one time the army of the state of Georgia was stationed here, and from its patronage Frederieka grew to be quite a town. With its beautiful white houses, well built and shaded by large oak trees, it was said to be the most beautiful town in Georgia, but after the war with Great Britain in 1812 it ceased to be a town ef any importance, and is only remem bered as a place of historical events. At this time there are only two families to be found within its area. About fifteen years ago there lived a family with whom I once dined. At the table w’as another gentleman and wife. I never saw two couples more congenial and pleasant to each other, calling each other “Tom" and “Bill” and "Sallie” and “Bettie.” To my surprise. I found that each had married the other’s divorced wife. There they often visited, dined and had picnics together, as if there had never been any marital troubles. Colonel John Mosby Trying^ to Suppress Bloody Western Range War One of the unique institutions in Augus ts Ga„ which has attracted more than ic,.*.I attention is the whistling chorus in Berean Baptist Sunday school, which h ■ - been in successful operation now for more than two months, and F. T. Look- h.-rt, the superintendent of the school, more than delighted with the experi- nt. There are now thirty-seven whis- p s in the chorus, and it is intended to ro.ise the number to sixty. The school a large one, having 375 members, and v is equipped with only a small cabinet '•gan. It is in the factory district of tii»- city and had neither the means with which to employ an orchestra nor the available talent for one. Some time ago Allen A. Jamison, who was general secretary of the Young Men’s Christian Association in this city, and who is now at the head of the boys’ department in the Nashville Young Men’s The whistling choir at Augusta, Ga. Christian Association, suggested to Mr. Lockhart the whistling chorus. About the first of this year Mr. Lockhart got his whistling chorus well organized, and It has been growing in popularity ami numbers ever since. The boys are seated in rows up at the front, facing the gen eral audience, and, with the organ, their whistling furnishes the accompaniment lor the singing. The school has been j visited by a dozen local superintendents | of other schools, and every one has j come away well pleased with the whis tling chorus. Superintendent Lockhart says it has re- 1 suited t ot only in furnishing better music j enough to govern their own actions. The large \jpys in the whistling chorus are now' not only interested in the work they do for the music of the school but they have voluntari’y organ ized themselves into a Bible class and called upon the pastor of the church to act as their teacher. One might suppose that there would have been an element of levity and laugh ter in the first work of this whistling chorus, but Superintendent Lockhart says that this has not been the case at all. Before the chorus began its work he Impressed upon them the fact that it was as much a part of the service of had in the school be- j the Sunday school as any other, and that ?’t should be entered upon with all earnestness and decorum. The boys have entered upon the work in proper spirit, and discharge their duty in a highly cred itable manner. than he had fore, lint it has also solved the “big boy” problem which is present in every school —how to keep the larger boys interested in the Sunday school and prevent their wandering off as soon as they get big Ancient Atlas Tells Quaint Tales of Larly Life in the South By Dr R J Massey Written for CAe Sunny South ASEY’S AMERICAN POCK ET ATLAS,” published in Philadelphia in 1796, gives some very interesting in formation. and to the read, r of today tells some things rather curious. Take, for instance, the sketch which he gives of the state of Georgia. This in all probability is the very first epitome ever pub lished of the resources of our Empire State. Com pand with -the last book Just out, pub lished by Commissioner Stevens, of the agricultural department of the state of Georgia, its teachings are ouaint indeed, and, unless the reader first learns the subject of his text, few Georgians would recognize the fact that Casey meant “Georgia” when he wrote that “the part of the state which had been laid #7T into counties is divided into two districts, up per and lower, and these two districts are subdivided into tw’enty counties.” Here are the counties he gives: “Brient,” Burke, Camden, Chatham, Columbia, El bert, Franklin, Glynn, “Green,” Han cock, Liberty, McIntosh. Montgomery, Oglethorpe, Richmond, Screven, Washing ton, Warren and Wilkes. Total number of inhabitants in the state, 82,548, of whom 29,263 are slaves. This was fully fifty years before At lanta was thought of. This is the more Interesting when Atlanta, with all her suburbs, claims a population of near 150,000, almost twice as much as the whole j state of Georgia claimed in 1790. Casey again gives some unique infor mation when he tells us that of the chief towns: “The late seat of government | in this state was Augusta. It is situated I oji the southwest bank of the Savannah | river, which is here about 500 yards wide. Savannah, the former capital of Georgia, The town of a par- ho mounted the steps of the court house, pulled his rope from his pocket and in a loud volte called out: “Neighbors, this rope is to hang Musgrove, who sold the people’s land for a bribe.” Dr. White, in his statistics, says: "The lashings of the surge upon the shore, when the ocean is driven by the most furious storms, was not louder than the noise of the people excited into tumult by Jinnings’ words and the sight of the elevated rope. No human power could have saved Mns- grove if Jinnings’ neighbor had not given him n dice to make his escape.” The capital was then removed to Mil- ledgeville in 1S04. Some of the brick now in the couil house at Louisville were taken from the old capitol, and even the old citizens of the town look at them and in their connection speak of the “Yazoo” fraud. To show the honesty ef the workmen of those days, those brick are considerably over one hundred years old, whereas brick of the present i| te sometimes show signs of decay even though they are less than twenty years in use Casey again says: “Sunburry is a small seaport town 40 miles southeast of Sa vannah and has a safe and very conve nient harbor." Sunbury has not had its name on a Georgia map for the last forty years. There are some very interesting I incidents, however, connected v.-qu g-, , j old town of Sunbury, and it might be | well to mention a few. It was settled in 1754. -Here is a description: “Heaven sure has kept this spot of earth uncursed To show how ail thing first." were created at An Electric Be|t Fran Send Tour Application At Once To The Physician’s Institute. They Will Send You Absolutely Free One of Tlieir lOO Gouge Supreme Electric lleltm the Belt Which Has Made so Many Wonder ful Cures—You Needn’t Scud Even a Postage fetal up. Just Your Name and Address Seven years ago the State of Illinois granted to the Physicians’ Institute of Chicago a charter. Thflro was need of something abo>e the orui BaT-5method n oTtreatment for chronlcdiseases ® on ^f?i n ?,f m ^!^clafists n acMng independently number of si itself, under the powers granted ft by its general laws, gavothe pofrer to the original purposc y s ^|taUlslnnent under MKfi CViSWSii ffSjjSjS that stage of perfection which warranted Its *°nSJ{ , « a » , Runreine Electric Belt” Is made in one lOOguage—1there Is no better electric and no better belt can be made. tee of ah cost, on "trial; it Is yours to keep iolts. Without the payment of ono cent. This offer may bo ^thdrawn at any time, so jenerous offer may f r th!s froe » supreme ? u ” to the Physicians’ ^Institute, ►SmmSc Templef Chicago, BIs* stands on a high sandy bluff, is regularly built in the form allelogram.” It will lit* remembered that Savannah was the capital of Georgia from the time of its settlement by General Oglethorpe till the year 1786, when it was removed to Augusta. Then, as the people began to press more to the .interior and up the Savannah river, Augusta was its cap ital until 1795. So it will be seen that just before the issuing of the atlas, “the town of Louisville, which, as the future seat of government in this state, has been laid out and built on the banks of the Ogeechee river, about 75 miles from its mouth.” One of the first governors to preside over t-lie destinies of Georgia at Louis ville was Governor George IV. Matthews. Governor Matthews was a very remark able man. as brave as a lion, and vet very kind and very gentle when necessary to be so. He descended from a prominent Virginia family, but, long before his education was completed, he joined the continental army and was a most excel lent officer and a trusted friend of Gen eral Washington. Having spent his lat ter years of service In the infant colony of Georgia, he was so impressed with ils climate and the fertility of its soil that as soon as peace was declared he removed to Georgia. He soon became very prominent in politics and was elect ed governor. Whilst a brave man and a good officer, he was a bad speller. He always pronounced the letter “1” in the words “would” and “could.” and was very fond of reading out aloud. Tie commenced “congress" with a “K." the word “cough” he spelled “korf:” he “capped (he climax," however, in spell ing the word “coffee.” In this word he never had a letter in it right. He put it up this way: “Kaughpliy.” and he put it In a “sak.” Governor Matthews W’as excusable for his want of education from the fact that he sp°:it the mast of the years which he should have been going to school in the continental army. During his admin istration there was perpetrated upon the stat** of Georgia a grand scheme known as the “Yazoo" fraud, which means that by the free use of money tne legislature was induced to sell to a company of cr|d- t a lists a large body of land embracing the greater part of the present state of Mississippi, then a part of Georgia, fog a very small price—property worth millions for only $30(1,000. At the meeting of the next legislature the best men throughout all of Georgia became so aroused that they had this nefarious act rescinded and all papers and documents connected with it ordered burned. A day was set apart for this burning and at the appointed time, in front of the capitol building, the books and papers were piled together, when a tall, commanding stranger rode up on horseback, dismounted, pulled out his sun glass, got a fccus upon the pa- pers and. as the saying goes, “called down fire from heaven and burned iip every paper.” He stood and watr|ed intently till the last vestige of corruption was gone. He was a very old man. Without further ado, or another word, he mounted his horse, galloped away without making himself known to any one. Whence ho came, or where he went, or who ne was, has rever b^en known even to this day. This was done during the year of 1796. the date of Caseys American P< ekot Atlas. During the year 179;! there was built by a very prominent man of whom it is said that he owned more negroes in South Carolina than any man Did Not in the Unted States, a Know bridge across the Savan- Numbarof nah river at Augusta. His Own This rich man and eapi- Slaves talist was the prime fac tor in the Yazoo fraud, and his connection witn the fraud bein so notorious J7P6 washed known from that day to this as th “Yazoo” freshet. Apropos of the number of slaves be owned. it is said that he often met them and neither master nor slave recognized each other. There was connected v ith this fraud a member of the legislature from Ogle- thorp? county by the name of Musgrove. The following incident shows how liis neighbors felt toward him on account ] when it passed from the stage of exist- of his connection with this matter. On j ence - One of its last teachers was that the morning of the first general meeting grand and great old octogenarian of At- of the people of Oglethorpe county after ! lanta, Rev. S. G. Hlllyer, who passed the passage of this act a quiet, but de termined farmer, before going to town that morning, put a rope in his pocket. Miles Jinnings was his name. On his way h? met some friends. They asked him what he was going to do with his rope. He says: “I am going to hang Musgrove.” When they got to the town On a beautiful white bluff magnificent live oaks in full grown stature and sol emn mien crown the high ground, even to the very vi?rge where the tide kisses the shore. Cedars all festooned with vines hang over the waters: the magnolia grandiflora. the gem of the forest, excites rn every hand the admiration of the vis itor. Sweet scented myrtle, tall pines, odoriferous hay, fragrant sassafras and green meadow carpets lend their charm to the spot, whose primal beauty encoun ters no change at the hand of man. Res onant with the songs of birds, whose plumage vies with the bright colors of the native flowers which gladden the eye and give odors to the ambient air cool breezes temper the heat, whilst fish abound in water of sufficient depth to anchor the largest ship ” Is it any wonder, then, that Sunbury with such surroundings, scon became the center of trade, wealth and commerce, the habitat of culture and refinement. At one time Sunbury was not only the rival of Savannah, but for a short time really did more trade and had more ves sels to arrive at her wharves in a given time than her older sister. Savannah At one time it was the only town in the state of Georgia whose school was kept up by an appropriation from the - , _ state, of Georgia. They Uiwly Town always sent to New Eng- '**•*• ,a n<J for the most ef- Relent teachers whom Public they could get to serve Schools them. Dr. Holmes, the father of Oliver "Wendell Holmes, was one of the first to come to serve them. He was very much beloved, and after serving them six or eight years went north. Then came Dr William Me Whir, an intimate friend of General Washington, and at that time deserved the reputation of being the best linguist south of Harvard and Yale. H e was a privileged guest at the white house It is said that he is the only man that ever dared to joke or take a personal iib- ertj with General Washington. On one occasion Dr. McWhir dined with General Washington. When "Washington asked the blessing himself, his wife gently re- IV r It ten for ff/>e Vunn'- South OLONEL JOHN MOSBY, the famous confederate cavalry leader, who is now a special agent of the gov- ment in charge of the United States lands, has become a prominent and spectacular figure in the hitter fight for the range that is bung waged by con- j dieting interests in the cat- : tie and sheep country of ■ the west. Colonel Mosby’s ! special duty is to clear the ; government land of private fences—work ! that requires courage of high order, for | the annual sacrifice of lives in the west’s grfeat range tight is estimated at five hundred victims and death by assassina tion is the common lot of those who dare oppose one faction or another. Colonel Mosby, whose headquarters are at Sterling, Colo., tile center of a great cattle country, declares that some of the cattle kings have fenced in and appro priated to their own use tracts of land larger than many German principalities. In defiance of the law they have seized upon government land, fenced it in, for bidden settlers to touch it. and have made themselves wealthy from this illegal use of Uncle Sam’s property. Near Sterling one big cattle company built a fence which inclosed nearly 25.000 acres. It did not complet ely inclose the land, but ex tended from the Union Pacific to the Burlington railroad fences, thus forming a vast triangle. In this space thousands of head of cattle were kept, only a a few cowboys being required to look aft^r the immense herd. When Colonel Mosby ordered the company to take down the fence the objection was raised that there had been no violation of the law because only one side of the triangle had been closed. Despite th? fact that the illegal fencing law has been practically a dead letter for twenty years. Colonel Mosby is insistent in enforcing it, and he has stirred np the cattle owners from the Rio Grande to the Canadian line. The authorities at Washington are standing by him in his work, however, in view of the steady encroachments of cattle interests on public land in the last few years. It is estimated that in the Alliance, Nebr., district alone there are 6.146,200 acres of government land fenced in. This land is worth nearly ten million dollars, and on it the cattlemen have nearly 400.000 head of cattle. Few persons appreciate the strenuous fight that is being made for the posses sion of the range in the western coun try. The recent arrest of Cattle Tom Horn, noted scout Concerns and Indian fighter, serv- Sub idiz- ed to bring the subject ir*(f sharply before the public derers mind. however. Horn, who fought Indians un der Crook and Miles, and who had charge of the pack trains of the American ! forces in Cuba, is now in jail at Che yenne. charged with the murder of Wil lie Nickel], son of a scttl’r who had in curred the enmity of some big Wyoming cattle interests. Incidentally. Horn is al leged to have made a confession, in the hearing of a d >puty marshal and a ste nographer. in which he is said to have boasted that he had killed other settlers and that a certain cattle company paid him so much a head for every foe who was removed from the range. Horn’s trial will he bitterly contested, and it lias aroused intense interest in the west, for on the outcome is thought to depend the fat? of the range in Wyom ing and other big cattle states. Wheth er or not the cattle companies hire as sassins. as Horn’s confession would in dicate, it is certain that there have been many mysterious disappearances of set tlers in tlie cattle country in recent years, and murders are of common occurrence. Whole flocks of sheep have been destroy ed, ranch houses have been burned, and Colonel John Mosbv. famous cavalry leader other handiwork of the foudist has been everywhere in evidence. One of these mysteries of the range which may never b? solved is the disap pearance of Joseph Hartzell, of Park county, Colorado. Hartzell claimed homestead rights on certain grazing land and threats were made against him. He refused to b? frightened out of the coun try, and several months ago ho disap peared. No trace of him has over been found, though rewards have been offered. H? was wealthy and his affairs w’ere in such shape that flight is not to lie thought of in connection with his disap pearance. A few months ago in north western Colorado, Matt Rush, a ranch man who had settled in a fine grazing country, was killed while ho was eating supper in his cabin. Somebody had crept ! up to th? building and fired through a | crack in the logs. Rush's partner, James j Dart, was shot dead when he stepped out of the cabin. In Wyoming the killing of the Nickell • boy was preceded by the murder of two j in ranchmen in th ■ Iron mountain district. ; ?» j history for several years—and bloody hi# tory at that. The cattle men complain that a flock of sheep will ruin a grazing country by trampling the ground so that the grass will not grow again. They have fought th? sheep men in the courts and have been beaten, and now the fa vorite method of warfare is to get a company of cowboys and make a raid I on a lone sheep herder who may be tend, | ing several thousand sheep. The herder, i when he sees a company of masked m?n I ride into his flock, shooting the animals i right and left, knows that if lie attempts j to interfere his life will he the forfeit, ill - can do nothing but stand by and see | hundreds of his sheep killed or maimed, j and finally takes the remnant of his flock | and hurries to another and safer part of the country, while the cattlemen en- j joy possession of th>? range until some I other herder ventures on the forbidden ! ground. j This vendetta of the range seems to i grow more bitter as the area of grazing j land is cut down. Each n;w homestead means so much less profit Vendetta in the pockets of the cat- Constantly tie owner, and in conse- Growi ence a feud is de- M ore dared that makes a Cor- Bitter sican affair of honor seem tarn? in comparison. The cattlemen, of course, are not wita- [ out justice on their side. They suffer in numerable depredations. Cattle “rus tlers” abound, and in several states there are well organized hands of cattle thieves that undoubtedly have confederat s I among small ranchers. One of the most successful and most determined of these j gangs is known as the Mesa Hawks, op- i crating in Arizona and New Mexico, j This gang operates with the utmost bold- j ness, stampeding cattle in broad daylight. | The gang has several hiding places in i Arizona, New Mexico and Colorado, j where the authorities are calmly defied. I Against such gangs the cattl; owners ! are justified In falling back on armed protection, and in fact valuable assistance has been given the authorities in running down fhese desperate criminals. It is the war over the government land, however, that is arousing the entire west To protest on account of its annual sacri fice of human life. Recent developments which have tended to show that assassi nation is becoming a trade in the cattle country have stirred the authorities and have shown that the range tight is grow er too red to be much longer flaunted fore the eyes of the people. Colonel These men were shot down in cold blood, I Mosby's determined stand against the "Grub Pile"—C'Jboboys answering the call to dinner one of them being murdered as he en tered his cattle corral. The Nickell boy was shot not far from his father’s cabin. The elder Nickell had been repeatedly warned to leave the country on account of trouble with cattle owners. His fences had been cut and lie threatened to re taliate by poisoning all the cattle that strayed on his ranch. This is thought to have led to the assassination of his son. The war of the cattle and sheep in terests of the west has been a matter of fencing in of ptAilic lands will do much to simplify matters if the example of the famous confederate leader is followed by other United States officials. The next step will be to bring peace between the three conflicting interests of th? range country—the cattle owners, the sheep men. and the small ranchers. Until some sort of a truce is brought about yearly record of violent deaths on range will more than equal the mortality of the American army in the Philip pines. Some Church War News of Old Vir ginia. ‘By Henry ‘Bums Geer Written for CAc'Sunny South N the earlier days, even ¥ me re so than now, the- church of England went with the state. In an of ficial sense it went not into New England—the land of the Puritans—for the brave spirits that set-- tied that part of our coun try were, as ail the world, knows. “Non - Conform ists.” Buri with the com ing of the cavaliers into the more southern regions —to Virginia—came the Church of Eng land and its powerful Influence. There state and church w’ere united, and the duties of the church vestrymen were most- varied. The writer’s maternal ancestors wera Virginians, and to him there is no history, more interesting than the history of that grand old state. And. aside from the general histories of the country, there is no single book that throws more light on the early settlements in Virginia than that little inassuming volume known as “The History of Bristol Parish,” by the Rev’. Philip Slaughter. Bristol parish was instituted about the year 1642, and for a hundred years or more there was no other denomination, or church, than the Church of England in that region, or in all Virginia as for that matter, if we are to believe the rec- <>7ds of history, the most authentic avail able. The Rev. Mr. Slaughter, who was a minister of the Episcopal church, says in his little book: “If one wants to get at the bottom facts of the history of Vir ginia, we are persuaded that there is no better way to do so than by means of the old church records. A court house, a church, a prison, a pillory, stocks ai:d sometimes a ducking stool were the ear liest institutiens lit our new settlements; though happily the last three soon fell into disuse. The ministers and vestries were nearest to the people, coming into contact with them at every step from 1 irth to burial. All the people of a par ish were under the care of its pastor, and they were all reauired by civil law to ha/e their children baptized and the dates of their births and baptisms re corded in the register and reported to the secretary’s office, and so of marriages and burials.” In this way was the family genealogy preserved for generation after generation; hence the great value of the church rec ords in tracing one's Church genealogy hack to the Records very earliest times in Invaluable "Old Virginny," provtil- for ing. of course, that the Genealogy th; ends of family history • and tradition lead back to that source. Many of the church records were, doubtless, destroyed during the revolu tionary war; and many also during the | great civil strife, for Virginia had more j than her just share of each conflict, but j many rich treasurts in this line are still j intact in the church archives—treasures I that would well repay the historian or the genealogist to bring to light. | The vestrjmen h id charge of all work ! of charity, and they were also the < -n- | sors of morality in their respective eom- j munit ts and imposed fines on those who j transgressed the iaws of the church and I the civil laws, where the latter were the outgrowth of the church influence. The vestrymen also rant a record of the rumb'r of tobacco plants growing each season on the plantation of each planter parishioner, and. further, kept up the j marks on the trees that outlined each ] mart's possessions in the way of land. ! Petersburg was named for one Peter Jones, a vestrymen, and was origmally called “Peters Point.” Colonel Byrd, in 1723, noted in hi.i journal as follows: “When we got home we laid the founda tions of two great cities, one ;it Schoccx to bo called Richmond, and the other at I he point of Appomattox river, to ho called Petersburg." In 1759 the leading citizens of the parish became greatly concerned about the many orphan and otherwise unfortunate, but free white children who were de prived of educational facilities, and be ing desirous that they should be educated, they— “Resolved to recommend earnestly in their several parisnes that they should join in a petition to the general assembly to procure an act to enable the said parishes to erect a free school for th? education of the free children of said parishes." As early es 1765 the rumblings of th? coming revolution were heard and dissen sions in the church between the people began, and the church revenues became unsettled. The people scented the ap- the j proaching storm and the lines between the | patriot-s and tories began to take form. Gory Battle Bentonville Was One of tHe Last of tHe Civil War i that when the freshet of i minded him there was a minister present away his bridge, it has been I ; . lnd wh >’ not ask him to invoke the bless ing. Washington playfully remarked: “I am aware of it. but I want Dr. McWhir to know that we ourselves feel thankful for heaven’s blessings.” This is one of the few jokes that Washington was ever known to perpetrate. It alwavs pleased Dr. McWhir to relate this anecdote to his friends. This school kept up until about 1833, from existence about four years ago. I was proud to call him my teacher and patron. I sat under his teachings dur ing the years 1846 and 1847. I loved him and revered him as a father. Burton Gwinnett and Lyman Hall, two of the signers of the Declaration of Inde pendence fiom Georgia, were educated By L T Rightsell Written for Che Sunny South T the harrelet of Averysboro, 32 miles south of Raleigh, the two armies that had in years past contended in the west again came in contact after a separation of many months. It was the 16th of March, 1S65, only a few days before Appomattox. Sherman had closed his march %< the sea at Savan nah on the preceding 21st of December, and shortly afterwards started north to join Grant around Richmond, moving by way of Columbia, S. C., and thence to ‘ Fayetteville. N. C.. and on in the direc tion of Goldsboro, N. C. At Averysboro he came in contact wiffi General Hardee, who was moving to join General John ston in his closing campaign in the civil war. His command was entrenched along the Raleign road and engaged and were repulsed by Sherman s left wing. The scene of this battle was about 6 miles west of the new and thriving town of Dunn, on the Cape Fear river. Short ly after its occurrence, the ladies of the Cape Fear section, in which are many families of noble ancestry, formed an or ganization which is still in existence, and whose object was the proper interment of ♦ he confederates who fell in this section. A monument, around which repose the bones of these heroes, was erected on the scene of the conflict by this organization. Sherman moved on in a northeast direc tion the day after the battle and on reach ing the village of Bentonsville, 25 miles from Avervsboro and 20 miles from Golds boro, on the 19th was again attacked on his left by Tohnston, who had advanced from Smithfield, the county seat of John ston county, a few miles east of Raleigh. In Johnston's command were Bragg, Wade Hampton. Hardee, Hoke and others, all their troops being from western and southwestern states. from Tennessee, Georgia, Missouri and Texas. From Geor gia was Colquitt’s brigade of Hoke’s di vision. The two armies which had met in many a hard fought batiTe in the west had finally come together again. The battle began on the farm of John Harper and reached to the village of Ben tonville, a distance of about 4 miles, the country being broken with pine woods and tree stood in Us original place for several numerous ravines. Tt raged all day of the. 19th with a deafening sound of artillery and small arms. One who was in the vi cinity of the fighting says that he could easily follow the course of the fighting by the sounds, could hear not only the arms, but the sound of voices and could distinguish the confederate and federal charges. The result was a drawn battle. March 2lTTTi was taken up in skirmishing, and on the 21st Johnston fell back toward Smithfield, General Terry having came up from Kinston with reinforcements for Sherman. Both armies lost heavily. The federal loss was 1,600 killed and wounded; the loss of the confederates was 2.6S0 killed, wounded and missing. Thirty or forty wounded confederates were left at the village of Bentonville, and all except one died. The federals made 'their field hospital at the home of John Harper, a large, two-story frame building, still standing, and during the battle many of their wounded were oared for in the house and outlying buildings. Mr. Harper and his wife supplied them with all the comforts they wci-e able to provide. Just before the army moved to ward Goldsboro, they removed their own wounded and placed in the care of the Harper family fifty-four wounded confed erate prisoners. A man named Arthur Lee, still lining at Newton Grove, was impressed into service as an assistant. Of these confed- arate soldiers, all of whom were from western and southern states, many died, but several ulti mately recovered. The last inmate of this hospi tal was Lieut**ant Larri- more, of Mobile. Ala., who was thought at first noT to be seriously wounded, but died after three months of suffering. At first reticent and disinclined to 'talk, he changed as his condition became serious and the end approached, and became com municative concerning home and its ties. When he died he left a photograph of his sweetheart in the possession of the fam ily. A curious incident of the battle was the killing of seven artillery horses within 50 yards of the Harper home. These ani mals all lay In one heap, and two others lay near the heap. Eight Cannon balls passed through the shefll of a pine tree in the yard, making separate holes. This Pathetic Death In a Field Hospital years, and was finally (Mt down and re moved to the court house yard at Smith- field, where it may s'till be seen. About a decade ago, a military organ ization called the Goldsboro Rifles, of Goldsboro, N. C-, decided to erect a mon ument on the field of Bentonville. A small plot of land was deeded by John Harper and the monument was erected upon this, a short distance from the house and near the old Harper burial ground. It stands in a slightly elevated position immediate ly by the roadside on the road leading from Fayetteville to Goldsboro, and also near the Clinton and Smithfield road. The bodies of all those who died in the hos pital were taken up and reinterred here, and their names are inscribed on the stone, these names having been taken down and preserved by Arthur Lee. The names of John Harper and his wife, An nie Harper, are also inscribed on the monument. John Harper was a man of more than ordinary force of character, who was about sixty-seven years old at the time of the battle, and lived till 1892, passing away at the age of 94 years and 4 months. His wife died more recent ly, also at a very advanced age. Mr. Har per’s father, who died in 1840, is buried on the same farm. He was a revolution ary soldier, of Virginia, who was present at the bat'tle of Yorktown, under the command of Lafayette, and saw Cornwal lis hand his sword to Washington when he surrendered. The facts of this communication were obtained from Dr. M. W. Harper, a resi dent of Dunn, N. C. He is the son of John Harper, mentioned above, and was in the confederate service over three years. He is yet in the prime of life and full of reminiscences of the dark but '[hriliing days of the civil war. FREE. Stuart’s Gin and Buchu To all who suffer, or to the friends of those who sutler with Kidney, .Liver, Heart, Bladder or Blood diseases. A SAMPLE Bottle of 8tuart’s Gin and Buchu, the great Southern Kidney and Liver med icine, will be sent absolutely free of cost. Mention The Bunny South. Ad dress STUART DRUG MFC. CO., 33 and 34 Wall Street, Atlanta, Ga. Many former loyal parishioners refused | to support a church allied with the Brlt- i ish government. In 1773 the people were given the op- j tion to pay their pastor either in money I or in tobacco at 18 shillings per hundred i weight, because of “the calamitous state of the country." The general assembly in 1776 passed an I act repealing all laws of parliament re- I quiring conformity to the Episcopal church and exempting dissenters from contributing to its support. This measure was advocated by Jefferson, who had been j a vestryman. | Patrick Henry strongly supported a hill ) < hat was passed by’the general assembly i in 1784. providing for teachers of the. I Christian religion. He introduced the ! bill that was passed for the incorporation rf the Episcopal church. It repealed all former laws for the government of the church, but at the same time it secured to the several or manv Episcopal churches in Virginia the lands, church edifices and ether property formerly held by the established Church of England. ...... Some seventy-eight v?ars later came the great strife and struggle between brothers. The records of the church were neglected and the region of Bristol parish became a hattl? field over and over again. Mr. Slaughter says: “A battle field, over which grand armies were marching and counter marching, leaving desolation and tears and blood in their track. The surface of the earth was bristling with forts and cut up with sepul chres. The chime of the church bells was drowned by the beating of drums and the bursting bombs." Early in 1865 an order was issued by the military authorities requiring all pas tors of churches in Petersburg to use the same prayer for the president of the United States as before the war. And that all pastors officiating should take the oath of allegiance. This order is said to have originated from Secretary Stan ton rather than President Lincoln, but the church authorities deemed it wise to acquiesce rather than subject their prop erty to the provost marshals and th9 army chaplains of the federal govern ment. And then came the glorious peace that settled like a gentle and refreshing dew all over the land and the sunshine of forgiveness and fraternal feeling that has outlasted a generation: while church and state and section and section have har monized under a beneficent government - the gift of a merciful God given us as a heritage from our f. thers and fathers’ fathers. Who bore the brunt of the battle In the heat and turmoil of the earlier days when our government was yet de void of fullness and much wa* experi mental. Virginia Was Vast Cemetery