Newspaper Page Text
FOURTH PAGE
THE SUNNY SOUTH
HAY 3, 1902
Mississippi's New Capitol to Com-
bine Beauty and Usefulness
By Frederick Suttens
Written for 8J*« Stinny South
ISSISSIPPI’S new million
dollar capltol building:, ac
knowledged to be the
handsomest structure of
the kTnd In the south, and
_ among the very finest in
# the United States, Is be
ing hurried to completion
with as much speed as is
consistent with first-class
work, and twelve months
hence it will become the
domicile of the state gov
ernment
With the exception of the huge dome
which will crown the middle of the struc
ture directly over the grand entrance,
the exterior work is practically completed
and the building presents much of the
appearance it will have when finished.
The contraetors feel confident that in
less than a year the state house will be
made ready for occupancy, and the state
officials will then desert the present his
toric domicile for the new and more com
modious quarters. The progress being
made Justifies this assertion, and nothing
save a phenomenal period of bad weather
will prevent its verification.
Work was commenced on the new cap-
ttol in January, 1901. and the operations
have continued without interruption ever
since. There has been no friction of any
nature, between the various forces and
agencies employed In the construction,
end the point has now been reached
where confidence may be felt that no
disagreement or scandal of any kind is
likely to ensue in connection with the
contract.
The legislature of 1900 passed a bill pro
viding for the erection of a new state
house to cost one million dollars. Includ
ing furniture and fixtures, and providing
for the appointment of a commission to
supervise the work. This commission is
composed of Governor A. H. Longino as
ex-officio chairman, and Messrs. R. A.
Dean, W. G. Stovall. R. H. Thompson
and Attorney General McClurg. Mr. L.
T. FiUhugh, a well-known young attor
ney of Jackson, was selected as secretary
of the committee.
The usual procedure of examining plans
•nd specifications prepared by the most
prominent architects in the country was
gone through with, and the commission
finally accepted the plans of Mr. Theo
dore Link, a St. Louis architect who
enjoys a national reputation for skill In
his chosen profession. The most notable
work performed by Mr. Link prior to this
lime was the plans and specifications for
the 8t. Louis union station, pronounced
to be the finest structure of the kind in
the world. He entered the list against
numerous competitors, and unquestion
ably won on pure merit. After the adop
tion of his plans they were given a care
ful revision by Professor Barnard Green,
of Washington, architect of the c-ongres-
■ional library building, and bids for the
construction of the state house were then
asked for by the capitol commission.
The largest contracting firms in the
country sent their representatives to
Jackson, and several days were spent in
a critical study and ex-
ApproxN amlnatlon of the esti
mate Coat mates submitted. The
of the work was finally let to
Bt|( Messrs. Wells & Wells,
Bssildissg of Chicago, for a sum
slightly in excess of $833.-
000. This figure, however, did not include
the steam-fitting, plumbing, electric wip
ing or grading of the grounds, which
has since been let to other contrac
tors.
The contractors immediately went to
work and within five months the founda
tion was completed. The legislature had
Selected the old penitentiary property in
the heart of the residence district of
<Jackson as the site for the structure,
■nd the excavations had been in progress
tout a short time when marl beds
were struck which made it necessary to
change the foundation plans and go much
deeper than was originally intended. At
•n extra cost of nearly $50,000 a substan
tial foundation was finally secured and
Work on the superstructure commenced.
Messrs. Wells & Wells, the original con
tractors. awarded the sub-contract for
the cut stone work to George Dugan, of
Kansas City, who immediately brought
about $25,000 worth of expensive lifting
machinery, derricks, etc., to Jackson to
be used in carrying out his contract. The
plans and specifications provided for an
exterior of Bedford stone, from the fa
mous quarries in Indiana, and the con
tractors at once arranged for a spur
railroad from the Illinois Central yards
to the state house site, a distance of
nearly three-fourths of a mile, to be used
In conveying the stone, structural Iron
A
HANDSOME
CLOCK
Absolutely given
•way without
cost
NO MONEY.
thr*w yoBP Botey
mwmj. If you want o
flock that trill equal for
time any Ciekoe Clack
marie, eend us your uama
and address at oaee and
■free to sell 46 eases of
Tbs sweetest and most
psrtaaery mads. This beautiful im
ported Swiss Clock is given away for
■oiling only OX-00 worth of oar per-
tamo. Them clocks are not of the
cheap variety, but gcauiae wall
clocks made from old Bavarian wal-
auvhaodooiaoly engraved:they wind
without key icBi-auteBalk-
ally, mad are wonder IV pieces of
mechanism and ornaments to any
frame. If you want one send ns your
name and Ml address, giving street
aad numbos or Post OOca Box.tf yen
ksvooao. We will sewdyoa 40eases
ofowr porftamo, all efrargts prepaid.
When sold retura as the fl*0 aad
wo win sead the clock. There is no
bnmbaggery about this. We arc giv
ing away these clocks to quickly In
troduce our Perfumery’ and oil wo
ask la that when you receive the
elect you will show H to roar friends.
Mississippi's ffe<w Million Dollar Capitol
iPand other materials used In the build
ing.
The stone contract Is nearing comple
tion, and the huge derricks that have
been employed In lifting the material
will be removed in a few days. AH that
remains to be done is the completion of
the huge columns around the center
dome.
Other sub-contractors are pushing their
work to completion. The electric wiring
and steam fitting work is well under
way, as is also the plumbing, and these
three classes of work will be finished
in a few weeks.
Roofing is actively In progress and the
material Is being placed In position as
fast as It arrives on the ground. The en
tire building will be under roof by the 1st
of May.
Next in order follows the interior con
struction, the most important of which
Is the flooring, ceiling, and marbling of
the walls. An extensive plant for polish
ing marble and estimated to be worth
at least $15,000 has been erected on the
grounds and the Egyptian marble, Italian
stone, scagliola and other varieties to be
used are being cut, trimmed and placed
in proper form for their respective posi
tions.
All In all, there Is hardly any doubt
that the new state house will be ready
for occupancy by the first day of April,
1908, and on that date the ancient old pile
sitting at the head of Capitol street which
has been used as the domicile of the
state government since 1844 will be de
serted and Mississippi will have a capltol
building worthy of the name.
Architecturally speaking, Mississippi's
new state house will be the most promi
nent of the public buildings in the south
and will far exceed in beauty of design
any structure of the kind that has ever
been erected Bouth of the Mason and
Dixon line. While not so large as the
capltol buildings of some southern states,
notably Texas, It Is far superior to all in
form and outline, and a general descrip
tion of the plans will doubtless be of
much Interest to the public.
The structure Is being erected on the
site formerly occupied by the old peni
tentiary, and is on an eminence overlook
ing the entire country surrounding. It
Is one of the highest spots <n the capital
city, and from the roof it looks as
though the town of Jackson Is located
In a gently undulating valley, although In
reality It Is a low plain with Pearl river
on one side and a sloping prairie on the
other. The view Is magnificent and, al
together, a more Ideal site for a struc
ture of this character could scarcely be
Imagine.
The building faces the south and is lo
cated only two blocks from the governor’s
mansion. It measures 402 feet from east
to west, and the central dome will rise
115 feet above the grade line established
at the main entrance. The width is
somewhat narrow, but not to an extent
that detracts from the general beauty.
The style'adopted Is a pure renaissance
classic of a dignity and elegance of pro
portion Which fittingly expresses the
power, honor and dignity of the state.
It is designed on the order of pavilions
connected by wings with a view to giv
ing architectural prominence and expres
sion to its fundamental purpose of ac
commodating the legislative, executive
and judicial branches of the government
in a simple, straightforward and direct
imagined.
The building Is also planned with due
regard to climatic conditions. Every part
of it is well lighted and aired from the
exterior. The pavilions are provided with
porticos and arcades to give grateful
shades and deep shadows. While the
monumental approach is In the center
of the south facade, entrances are pro
vided on all four sides leading to the
ampl.e rotunda, unobstructed by stairs or
columns, and open to the dome. Car
riages can pass through a port cochere
under the main approach. From this ro
tunda broad corridors lead to the end
wings.
The legislative chambers are placed on
the thigi floor at oposite ends of the
buildiing, and at the same time in easy
communication with each other. The
legislative committee rooms are on the
same floor and ample facilities are pro
vided for all the subordinate bodies of the
two branches of the legislature.
The governor's office and private rooms
connect therewith ere located in the
center pavilion Just oft the rotunda on
the second floor, and directly bei^ath
the legislative halls. The state library,
and there is no finer in the south than
that possessed by Mississippi, will be
located on the first floor In the western
wing. Other departments of state gov
ernment will be distributed about with
due regard to convenience and their re
spective relations toward eadh other.
For instance, the offices of the auditor
and treasurer are to be located quite
near each ether and on the Bame floor,
the attorney general wlll.be In close com
munication with the governor and the
supreme court, etc.
Particular 'mention should be made of
the arrangement of the legislative halls,
as It is somewhat out of the usual. The
speaker's stand Is located on the side of
the entrance, While the desks of the
members are arranged In semi-circular
rows In the manner of an amphitheater,
and with their backs to the windows.
The galleries for visitors are over the
speaker's platform, consequently the
visitors will face the members of the
legislature, Instead of facing the speaker,
which is the usual rule.
Tije supreme court will be domiciled In
the eastern wing of the first floor. The
railroad commission, revenue agent, land
commissioner, superintendent of educa
tion and other minor state officers will
have quarters on the second floor.
A feature of the building will be the
hall of history, which will occupy a circu
lar room and be filled with manuscripts,
portraits and relics con-
Uniqus nected with the past his-
Ftstars tory of the common-
♦o bs wealth. The state militia
History will also have rooms
Hall which may be used for
chemical and biological
laboratories, offices, etc.
The entire building is fireproof in its
construction and thoroughly modern in
its equipment and sanitary appliances.
The power plant will be located In a
separate building In one corner of the
square and the system of heating, elec
tric lighting and fans will be furnished
direct from this building.
Two electric elevators will be Installed
and. while gas fitting is being put in the
blinding, electric lights will be mainly
used.
The exterior walls are of Bedford stone
and each block has been carefully se
lected and scrutinized In a most careful
manner by the supervising architect be
fore being placed in the structure. Be
hind the Bedford stone are solid walls
of the best brick obtainable in this sec
tion of the country.
The decorative work on the interior
will be well-nigh perfect. A half dozen
varieties of marble and stucco fire to be
used and the plans for this portion of
the contract are quite elaborate in de
sign.
The floors are to be of pure marble In
figured designs. The front facade will be
decorated with a tympanlum represent
ing the different periods In the history
of the commonwealth, the design of
which was prepared by the Mississippi
Historical Society. The dome will be
surmounted with a huge golden eagle,
the coat of arms of the state, and the
architect has prepared a plan for the
treatment of the grounds, such as grad
ing, driveways, planting, monumental
terraces, parapets, artificial lakes, etc.
Although the legislature authorized the
capital commission to float an Issue of
bonds in the sum of one million dollars
to construct the building, thus far it
has not been found necessary to contract
a single cent of bonded Indebtedness, and
It Is believed that the building can be
erected wlthput a bond issue. The con
tractors are allowed monthly estimates
for work performed and they have al
ready drawn over two-thirds of the con
tract price. The present administration
has demonstrated unusual financiering
ability, and the construction debt will not
be handed down for future generations
to pay.
The actual cost of the new capltol,
when completed, including furniture and
grading of grounds, will be about $1,250,
000. The extra foundation work costing
$50,000 was not con'/mplated in the origi
nal plans, and the recent session of the
legislature not only again authorized the
commission to float the million dollar
issue, but made an extra appropriation
for furniture and grading.
The entire work has been carried on
in a businesslike manner and all con
cerned deserve to be warmly congratu
lated for the success of their efforts. It
has not yet been decided when the cor
ner stone of the structure will be laid,
as the commission desires fd wait until
the grounds are cleared before undertak
ing the preparatliBBlk this Important
ceremony which thousands of
visitors from parr^of the common
wealth and the surrounding states.
Eventful story of the oU Capitol, wilt be told next
week. Illustrated.
In Liberal Pensioning of Disabled
Confederates, Georgia Leads
Unique Education in the «South Under
^ the Old Regime ^
I eieeka from so sod Me a
vfch frm. Tklaia a florioos opportunity to gee BflaeeUek
•Ml print • rat for It aad yen tfcoald write at ones. Adtrmfo
PCSlIAN CO., t9 Warren It, Nsw York,
By Dr R J Massey
Writtnn for CBto funny South
O those of us who have been
there, the reporter showed
very plainly that he knew
very little about the old
field log school houses
when, In h!s description,
he gave It six windows.
The fact really is that
there was scarcely a log
school house in Georgia In
the thirties and forties
of the last century that
was dignified with a single
glass window. These
houses were generally built 20 by 40 with
a door In the middle of one side, and op
posite the door on the other side was
generally a crack made by sawing out
one of the logs 6 or S feet. In one end was
a large fire place, about 10 feet wide, and
opposite this fire place on the other end
was a 4-foot square hole. In the sum
mer time there was nothing between the
logs, "so that the room had free ventila
tion. In the winter these cracks were
generally stopped up by the red clay
of the land. Now along each side of
this house was arranged one or two
rows of pine slab benches on which the
children sat, and then there was the
teacher. In this day we call them edu
cators; but then they were simply teach
ers, because education hardly ever came
into consideration.
I will give a few of the salient points
of some of my first teachers. It was in
the lime of "Abiselfa's" "lizards" and
"Empersants." I doubt If any graduate
of a Georgia college within the last ten
years can tell what these three words
mean. To explain, ablselfa means “a-bv
itself-a," which was the old way of
teaching the alphabet. It was customary
to say “a-by Itself-a,” "b-by ltself-b.”
and so on. This was practiced until the
youthful mind learned its A B C's.
And now as to "Izzards.” Izzard was
the old name for the last letter of the
alphabet. Hence comes the expression
we now use. "From A to Izzard,” mean
ing the whole length. It would be amus
ing to the reader, perhaps, to tel! him
that I heard the word "buzzard" spelled
"b-u-izzard. buz, lzzard-a-r-d, zard, buz
zard." As to "empersants," that meant
"and-by-tt-self-and.”
Tills style of teaching was Just going
out of fashion when I first commenced
school In 1S35. My first teacher, William
King, was a good man
X and a lovable man. one
Very who ruled by kindness
Vniim* and affection, and in
Georgia that particular was a
Dominie success. But like manv
good and kind men. he
was of little force. He had been accus
tomed to the English speller In which
there were no pictures. The “Blue Each
Speller" came along at this time, and
he was for months puzzled over the pic
ture at the beginning known as the
Temple of Fame. He admitted that he
was deficient in geography, and conse
quently could not tell In what state the
temple of fame was located. He did not
know whether It was a place of business
or a “meeting house." But the pictures
that interested him most were the bear
and the man and the. girl who spilled
her miik. Being of a sympathetic na
ture he would show those to the boys
and talk about them by the hour. He
understood the "three R's" very well un
til you got to the "double rule of three”
in arithmetic. From that on was a blank
to him; but what the kind old man did
know he had a happy faculty of impart
ing to his children in a wondrous man
ner.
My second teacher, Absalom Barnes
Bandy, was a great character. He be
lieved that the whole of a man's educa
tion centered in his ability to spell. It
mattered not what exercise was being
gone through with, a certain amount
of spelling had to be introduced. At the
reading, arithmetic or writing lessons
spelling was a prominent element. Noth
ing pleased him better than to get up
the whole school in a spelling class Just
before dismissing In the afternoon and
giving them some of the longest and
most outre words in the English lan
guage. Fortunately for his class, there
were not as many English words as there
are at present in the recent Webster or
Century dictionaries. But still there was
enough for him to drill us with, and he
took great delight in giving us such
words as
in-di-vid-u-al-ity,
val-e-tu-di-na-rl-an-ism,
lm-pen-e-tra-bil-i-ty,
sub-con-stl-tu-tion-al-ist,
ln-com-pre-hen-si-bil-i-ty,
phl-lo-pro-gen-i-tive-ness,
an-thro-poph-a-ge-r.a-rl-an,
hon-or-if-i-ci-bil-i-tu-di-ni-ty,
dls-pro-por-tion-a-ble-ness,
tran-sub-stan-tia-tion-able-ness.
After carrying us through such mysti
fications as the above, he would, not be
ing satisfied, improvise words. I remem
ber among his improvisations the word
“turner,” spelled "phtholo(tur), nyrrh
(ner), getting at the sound of “t” with
"phth” as in “phthyslc;” “olo” acting as
"ur" or "uh” as In "colonel.” Suicide he
spelled "sioux” su, “eye” i, "sighed"
cide Then, to add to these exercises, he
instituted a plan for every Friday after
noon of allowing each scholar to ask two
questions pertaining to art, science, re
ligion, etc., and if not answered the
scholar propounding the question would
go to the head of the class, or if an
swered the questioner would go foot and
the scholar answering head. Sometimes
some very foolish questions were asked.
For instance, a little girl always had
some such question as this: “Why does
a dog turn around when he goes to lie
down?” Her answer was because he had
no head to his bed and he was hunting
for it; when In reality the answer is,
the dog being a descendant of the wolf,
and the wolf being accustomed to lying
down upon the straw of the prairies, is
in the habit of turning around several
times to masli the straw into a com
fortable bed. Up to this time I had learn
ed some few things and believed that
I was able to answer almost any ques
tion. So, some large bad boys decided to
remove some of my conceit. In my hear
ing. one day, one of them remarked: "I
have a question for next Friday that
nobody can answer, and that is, what was
put in Benjamin's sack.” Another boy
said, “I know; you can't floor me by
such a question. Half a hog and a whole
cat.” This conversation was intended for
my hearing, and I fell readily into the
trap. When the question was asked I
confidently answered, in a loud tone of
voice, “Half a hog and a whole cat.”
Feeling ’hat I had answered correctly, I
walked promptly toward the head of the
class, expecting to see the other boy
go foot, when, to my utter surprise, the
good old teacher said; "Stop, Robert,
not so fast, my boy.” I then learned the
prank that bad been played upon me, and
Solomon**
Theory
of
Corporal
Punish*
rnent
as long as old man Bandy's school lasted
I was known as "Half a Hog,” that be
ing my nickname. However, if we
learned nothing else under this pedagogue
we learned to spell.
I next come to Elisha Franklin Klrk-
sey. my third teaefier, and he believed in
whipping as strongly as Bandy did In
spalling. He thought it
good for the physical as
well as the moral devel
opment of a child to car
ry him through the ex
citement of an occasional
chastisement. In those
days there were no boards of education,
no school commissioners, and no higher
authorities, than the teacher himself.
The good parents generally busied them
selves In raising cotton, corn, wheat and
oats and allowed the school and children
to take care of themselves. Consequent
ly the teacher had full sway. Kirksey
promulgated a doctrine that the bigger
the boy the more slashes he should have,
and they should be applied the more
vigorously. For any little Infraction an
S-.vear-old boy got five licks with a switch,
laid on in severity according to the in
tensity of the offense, and that the
lashes should be Increased as the boy
grew older—the boy of 8 should have five
lashes, of 9 seven, of 10 nine, and so on,
so that a boy of fifteen or sixteen would
get a really severe whipping. He also
delighted in increasing the severity In
proportion to the number of blows. But
I will say for him that he had the best,
disciplined school, so far as attention
and obedience was concerned, that I have
ever known. While I am no strong ad
vocate of corporal punishment, Kirksey’s
school stands preeminent as an example
that corporal punishment In that day
and time did efficient work. In after life
I happened to meet a gentleman who
had been to Kirksey forty years after I
had, a«d he was still known as the
master whlpper of southwest Georgia.
My fourth teacher was a graduate of
Yale. One can scarcely conceive of the
rapid jump from these crude old men
to this up-to-date graduate. I wondered
and everybody wondered at our new
teacher, the like of whom had never vis
ited that part of the country before.
Teachers, pupils, fathers, mothers—all.
up to this time—thought that our schools
had been Jogging along very well; but
when Mr. Shepard took up the worn
somehow the atmosphere changed and we
seemed to have been transferred to an
other world, such was the contrast be
tween the two plans of teaching, and we
all wondered how we ever got along as
we did before. It certainly shed new
light upon that part of the country. Af
ter he left us, parents, not being able to
supply his place, were moved to send
their children to Madison, Penfleld and
other places of learning, and the benefit
derived by that neighborhood was im
measurable. It was the bidding good by
to thte old field log school bouses in that
part of the country.
El Pais, which is a pushing paper of
Buenos Ayres, offers to give every sub
scriber for three months an equal value
in cigarettes, so that the customer gets
$5 worth of news and tobacco each for
the one price.
+
Professor Brandtr Matthews, of Colum
bia university, is to go to London next
month to lecture on the development of
the English drama and on the dramatists'
art
which pays
By Fred Lewis
Written for CM* Sonny South
EORGIA stands first and
foremost among all the
’ states of the union in sub
stantially rememberl n g
those whose life’s blood
was offered at their coun
try’s altar. She leads the
list of the pension-paying
states of the wh’ge coun
try. There are sta'cs
whose cltlsens draw more
in federal pensions from
the general government,
but there is no state
as much from itB own
treasury to its old soldiers or anything
like as much as Georgia pays to her
veterans of the civil war.
The states of the south from Virginia
to Texas pay a total of $2,439,7S0.92 in
pensions to confederate veterans, and in
addition to this $138,000 a year for the
support of soldiers' homes. Of the total
annual pensions paid by the southern
states, Georgia pays more than one-
third! The $830,500 which Georgia dis
tributed to her pensioners this year was
more than the total amount paid pen
sioners by the states of Alabama, Flor
ida, Virginia, Louisiana and Mississippi.
Georga's payments were almost as much
as the total of the five states which touch
her borders—North Carolina, South Caro
lina, Fli| Ida. Alabama and Tennessee.
Five years ago Georgia paid more in
pensions to her old soldiers and their
widows than all of the other southern
states combined, for it is only within the
last two or three years that other south
ern states have Increased their pension
appropriations or have begun to pay pen
sions in amounts sufficient to bring the
figure up to what it is today—about two
and a half million dollars a year. Geor
gia's $500,OOJ five years ago was several
thousand dollars more than was con
tributed by all the other southern states
combined. The whole amount, it is true,
seems insignificant enough in comparison
with the $140,000,000 which the United
States government distributes .Innualiy
to those who wore the blue, but the
south has to pay her share, yes, more
than her share, of this gigantic sum.
which Is extracted from the pockets of
the people by indirect taxation.
Since Georgia began pairing pensions
in 1879 she has paid a total to her old
soldiers of $6,7*1,625, probably more than
has been paid out for the same purpose
by all of the other southern states, when
it is considered that Georgia led the van.
and other states followed with small
sums years later. Georgia’s pension rec
ord is a remarkable one. The state has
never been niggardly, but from the first
to those who received her. bounty she
gave enough for a comfortable support,
and for twenty-two years the people have
with a bountiful generosity of heart and
a tide of sentiment that nothing could
stem made every Increase in the. pension
appropriations that has been asked, and
the Indications are that others are yet
to follow.
Next in rank to Georgia comes Virginia,
which pays her .old soldiers $300,000 an
nually; then Alabama and Texas, which
pay about $250,000 each, and then North
and South Carolina, with $200,000 each.
Georgia pays yearly three times as much
as Virginia, more than three times as
much as Texas or Alabama, and more
than four times as much as North or
South Carolina.
Georgia, Louisiana, Missouri, North
Carolina, Texas and Virginia now sup
port soldiers' homes, while Florida con
tributes to the support of one at Jack
sonville, and in other states they are In
process of construction.
Here Is a table showing what the
southern states contribute to the support
of the old soldiers, and Georgia heads
the roll of honor:
States. For Pensions. For Soldiers'
. Home.
Georgia 4830.500.00
Alabama 257.489.73
Florida 51,791.18
Louisiana 50.000.00
Mississippi 150.000.00
Missouri
North Carolina.. 200,000.00
South Carolina.. . 200,000.00
Tennessee 150.000.00
Texas 250.000.00
Virginia 300.000.00
415,000.00
1.01 1.96
20.000.00
49.000. 00
13.000. 00
30.000 00
10.000.00
Total 42.439.780.92 4138.011.96
The pension disbursements and laws of
each of the southern states are given
herewith:
Georgia
Georgia paid out in pensions to her
confederate veterans and their widows
at the beginning of the present year
$830,600, or will have paid that amount
when the small balance of the appro
priation has gone to those to whom It
belongs. That amount was appropriated
and it will be entirely exhausted. In
addition to that the state appropriated
$15,000 for the support of the soldiers'
home, so that her contribution to her
heroes of the lost cause this year reached
almost the enormous sum of $850,000.
This is an increase over last year of
about $135,000. Georgia pays to indigent
soldiers $60 each, or a total of $362,500; to
disabled soldiers from $5 for the loss of
a finger to $160 for the loss of both eyes,
both hands or both feet, a total of $190,-
GuO; to widows whose husbands died dur
ing the war or since and from wounds
received in the war, and who have not
since remarried, $60 each, or a total of
$200,000, and to indigent widows, a new
class of pensioners recently created, $ou
each, or a total of $78,000. The state has
more than 14,000 pensioners on her rolls
which have been constantly increasing
ever since provision was made for paying
pensions. Georgia supports a soldiers’
home at which from seventy-five to one
hundred old veterans are provided most
comfortable quarters and which is made,
IndMd, * borne.
Alabama
Alabama levies a special tax of 1 mill
for confederate pensions, and this, last
year, yielded $257,489.78. The pensioners
are of four classes, according to disabil
ity, those in the first class having re
ceived last year $37.85 each. There were
only 111 In this class. The lowest class
drew last year $18.60 each. The amount
will be Increased somewhat this year
from the increase in tax values. Ala
bama bas no soldiers' home and the
state gives nothing except these pen
sions. A soldiers' home Is now being
built at Mountain Creek by Camp Falk-
ner, which the state is expected to take
over. Once on the pension roil in this
state a pensioner is there for life, but
none are admitted who own or whose
wives own $400 worth of property, whose
Income is as much as $300 annually or who
have children on whom they can depend
for support. Alabama has 13,360 pension
ers on her roll.
Florida
Under the pension laws of Florida, con
federate soldiers and sailors who have
been maimed In the service are entitled
to annual pensions varying from $25 for
the lose of one eye to $100 for the loss
of two limbs or similar Injuries. No
pensions are paid to veterans or widows
whose property amounts to $800, who
have an income from any source or who
are able to earn a livelihood. The pen
sion fund is raised by a tax of 1 mill
per cent on all assessable property. In
1991 the state paid out to its 750 pension
ers, many of them widows, $51,791.13.
There was $91,794 paid Into the fund
which, at the beginning of the year, had
a balance of $86,681. There Is a growing
sentiment In favor of pensions among
the people. Last year Florida paid also
$1,011.16 toward tlie support of a con
federate soldiers' home at Jacksonville,
which, however, is not a state Institu
tion.
Kentucky
Keatuckj lias no pension system for
disabled veterans, but allowances are
made by each camp to applicants for as
sistance. No compilation has been made,
because the money is paid by the camp
to which the applicant belongs. There is
no soldiers' home, but there is a project
on foot to build one.
*
Louisiana
Louisiana now pays $50,000 for pensions
to her confederate veterans and $19,500 for
the support of the confederate home.
Camp Nicholls, at New Orleans. An
amendment to the state constitution
adopted at the last state election in 1900
authorizes the legislature to increase the
appropriation for pensions to $75,000, and
also to vote money for providing the crip,
pled confederate veterans with artificial
arms and legs. Both of these privileges
will be utilized by, the general assembly
at Its meeting next month. The pensions
are of three classes, graded, $1.50, $3.50 and
$2.50 per month, according to the nature
of disability. The Louisiana pension laws
have remained almost unchanged since
they were first adopted. The roll is pre
pared by a pension board, at the last
meeting of which out of 3,727 applications
1,904 were granted and 1,823 rejected. To
secure a pension the applicant must he
either a confederate veteran who left
the service in good standing or the wid
ow of a confederate soldier who married
him before 1870. He. or she must be in
indigent circumstances, needing the
money; must own no property and hold
no public office or position. In spite of
deaths the number ,of pensions is steadily
increasing, due to the infirmities of old
age.
tf
Mississippi
Mississippi distributes $150,000 annually
in pensions to indigent ex-confederates.
This is double the appropriation for last
year, which was $75,000. The increase
was made by the legislature in January.
The maximum pension is $100 per year
for total disability; $50 per year for par
tial disability, such as loss of one hand
cr foot. After pensions are paid to those
in these preferred classes the remainder
of the appropriation is equally divided
per capita among the Indlgents. Missis
sippi has no soldiers' home, although
movement is now on foot, launched by
the Sons of Veterans, to purchase Beau
voir, the old home of Jefferson Davis, and
deed it to the state at the next session
of the legislature with the proviso that
it be used for this purpose. The State
Charity hospital at Vicksburg has a con
federate annex where such ex-confed
erates are treated free of charge, and
given special attention by the United
Daughters of the Confederacy.
if
■South Carolina
South Carolina appropriates $200,000
annually to confederate veterans and
their widows, but the state does not sup
port a soldiers' home. Ail applicants for
pensions must be bona fide residents of
the state, and ex-sold1ers must have lost
a leg or an arm, neither himself nor his
wife must have an income of $150 a year,
or If over sixty years of age, neither
himself nor wife must have an Income
exceeding $75. Soldiers totally' disabled re
ceive $8 per month and partially disabled
$4 per month, while al others entitled to
receive pensions are paid $3 per month.
Widows whose circumstances come with
in the legal requirements receive a pen
sion of $100 annually. The pension roll
of the state has shown an increase every
year since it was inaugurated.
* .
North Carolina
North Carolina’s confederate pension
appropriation is $200,000 annually, raised
by a tax of 4 cents on the $100 value of
property and 12 cents, on each poll.* The
highest pension paid is $120 annually and
this is to totally disabled soldiers, such
as those who are blind, or who have lost
both arms or both legs. There are of
the other pensioners four grades. Of
these the first get $62 annually; second,
$50; third, $40, and fourth and widows,
$20. The state furnishes a soldiers' home,
to wlrich the annual appropriation is
$13,000. This year $5,000 additional was
appropriated for a dormitory, now com
pleted and occupied. There are 100 in
mates of the home. North Carolina pen
sions all soldiers who from any cause are
unable to do work. It pensions all wid
ows of soldiers who married prior to
April 1, 1865, and who have since re
mained widows. No pensions are paid
to persons, either male or female, who
are worth over $500, but this does not
apply to the totally disabled soldier who
gets $120 per year.
tf
Tennessee
Tennessee pays annually $150,000 to old
confederate soldiers. The pension law
was enacted twelve years ago and the
appropriation has since been increased
from $60,000 annually to $150,009. Those
who lost both eyes, both legs or both
arms in the service, receive $300 per an
num; those who lost one arm or one 1
leg receive $120, while all physically dis
abled soldiers receive $100 per annum.
Only soldiers with unimpeachable record
whose disabilities were incurred in actual
service are entitled to receive pensions.
Soldiers, however, whose disabilities
have been incurred since ghe war, are ad
mitted to the soldiers' home which Is
located at The Hermitage, Andrew Jack
son's old home. The state appropriates
for this institution $100 yearly for each
Inmate, or a total now of $12,700. The
pension roil is held In high esteepi as a
roll of honor. There are now ^bout 1,300
pensioners on the list, while several hun
dred applications are pending.
tf
Texas
Texas appropriates $250,000 annually to
confederate pensions, this being the max
imum amount permitted under the state
constitution. This amount is paid to
indigent and disabled veterans. Last year
approximately 6,500 veterans drew this
total amount, and It Is estimated It will
be divided between 7,000 this year. This
gives an average of about $36 a year to
each pensioner. The people of the state
generally regard' this as a niggardly
sum, and it is said they would readily
vote to increase the annual amount to
$1,000,000. On account of the small amount
paid, many veterans. It is said, decline
to make applications for pensions, but
the pension roll is gradually increasing
as the veterans grow older and necessi
ties press harder upon them. Texas sup.
ports a soldiers’ home at Austin at an
annual cost of $30,000. She also pays pen
sions to about twenty veterans who took
part in the Texas wars for independence,
these amounting to about $3,000 per an
num.
Virginia
Virginia appropriates annually $300,099
for pensions to ex-confederate soldiers
and their widows. All pensioners must
be bona fide residents of the state .The
amount paid varies from $100 for the loss
of both eyes, both feet or both hands to
$15 for partial disability either from
wounds or from the infirmities of age.
Widows of those killed in the war receive
$40, while widows whose husbands have
died since the war receive $25 annually.
An income of $150 a year, ownership of
property valued at $300 or residence at a
soldiers' home excludes the applicant
from the pension bounty. Virginia's leg
islature appropriates $10,000 annually to
ward the support of her soldiers' home,
which is located near Richmond. There
is a growing sentiment throughout the
state in favor of caring for the old he
roes.
tf
Missouri
The state of Missouri pays no pensions
to veterans. There are no pension laws
on the statutes. Following is the cost of
maintaining confederate and federni
homes in Missouri; Confederate, Hig-
glnsvllle, for. support and maintenance,
$30,000; officers and employees’ salaries,
$1^000. Federal home, St. James, for sup
port and maintenance, less federal aid,
$13,400; for salaries of officers and em
ployees, $7,400. The federal aid referred
to is $100 for each inmate of the home.
This story happened in Georgia in the
peace which followed the terrible war.
It illustrates the love that so many of
the old slaves had for their masters and
how that love was shown.
A negro man, strong and healthy, but
getting gray from years, was on trial
in one of the county superior courts for
murder. He had killed another negro
and had been lying In Jail for some time,
awaiting his trial. The testimony against -
*4m was given by qthar negroes, who.
witnessed the killing. When the case was
called for trial by the presiding Judge,
an old man rose and In a voice deep and
low, but full of marked gentleness, said:
. Will your honor please mark me for the
defense?”
It was General Robert Toombs, of
Georgia. His face was wrinkled some
with age, but It was large and strong,
and the lines of Intellect made deeper
wrinkles than those of age. His hair
was white, but it rolled back In baby
curls from the most splendid brow that
ever, graced a man. His form was tall
and straight, and full sized, though his
movements were slow with the years.
His eyes still flashed as when _he stood
* n the senate chamber at Washington.
The case was tried. The witnesses all
seemed unfriendly toward the prisoner.
In his own statement he claimed that
the killing was in self-defense.
General Toombs addressed the court
and Jury at the last, and after fully dis
cussing the testimony of the witnesses
he concluded thus:
“Your honor, please, and gentlemen
of the jury: A few years ago my only
brother fell wounded on the battlefield
of Gettysburg. He lay there bleeding to
2? ath * no friendly hand to help
him. Shot and shell, the fierce fiery
sit ream of death, were sweeping the
rth about him. No friend could go to
him, no surgeon dared approach him.
The singing of bullets and the wild music
was *° his only requiem.
My brother had a body servant, a negro
man, who waited on him in camp. This
negro saw his master’s danger, and
straight out into the sheet of battle and
flame and death he went. A cannon shot
tore the flesh from his breast, but on
he went, and, gathering my brother in
his arms, the blood of the man mingling
with the blood of the master, bore him
to safety and life. Jim, open your col
lar!"
And the jury saw on Jim’s breast long
jagged scars where the shell had ripped
its way.
Continuing, General Toombs said:
“Jim's skin may be black—he may be a
negtro; but the man who would de what
Jim did for my brother has a soul too
white ever to have killed a man except
in defense of his own life."
Jim was cleared.
MISS MONIE BOWEY,
n . ”
No. 38 Perry Street,
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