Newspaper Page Text
editorial page
AUGUST 23, 1902
&/>e SUNNY SOUTH
PubtUh.d lD—H, by
Sunny South Pubttfhing Co
Bualnmfa Offlem
THE CONSTITUTION BUILDING
ATLANTA. GEORGIA
Subfcrlptlon Terms:
To those who subscribe
to SShm Sunny Sooth only •
Six Months, 25c ^ One Year, 50c
LESS THAN A PENNY A WEEK
Set.red et the poatofHce Atlanta, Gt.i«< eeced-clee. esll Mutter
March 13,1M01
JO
Tift* JtuMy South la tho oldoat mtmmltly papor of Lltoraturo,
tonaiic*, Fad and PlAloa in tho South & It la now ft*
Aarad t» th« original ahapa and will bo pubtlahod aa for*
marly ovary uieak * Moundod In Id74 It grow until Id90,
Whan, aa a monthly, Ita form waa changod aa an oaporl*
moat jW It now raturna to Ita original formation aa a
Waakly with renewalt vigor and tho mtontlon of telly*
tng Ita moat promising porlod In tho past. C
Alphonso As a Fearful
Example
STORY comes from Madrid, the
capital of Spain, to the effect that
if King Alphonso, the boy monarch
•w Jt of that troubled realm, exhibits al
most unmistakable signs of insan
ity, It is told that he is given to
promenades through the palace cor
ridors in very airy garments, and
that his conduct is not only embar
rassing to his mother and the pal
ace attendants, but that there are
fears that his mind is slowly crum
bling away and that a regency will
have to be provided for. This is
awkward. It is also pathetic. Spain
has had more than her share of disaster in the last
two decades, and it seems pitiful that, just at the
time when things begin to appear more auspicious
in a governmental way, a crisis should be
threatened by the lad who has been saved times
without number from deathly sickness and edu
cated with painstaking care and rigor for the high
office he now occupies. It is just along the line of
this latter phase that a few thoughts and observa
tions seem to us especially timely.
We would predicate them by the statement, in
the first place, that there is considerable doubt as
to Alphonso’s candidacy for the mad house. As
suming, for the sake of argument, that he is un
balanced or about to become so, we arc not at a
loss to account for the unfortunate development.
It is simply that his mind ' and body have been
taxed infinitely beyond their capacity—that, too, ‘
at the growing age, when the penalty for excess
is exacted more surely and quickly than at any
other time in the career of the individual. Jlis
mother, formerly the queen regent, is a woman of
unbounded ambition; the noblemen who shared
with her the task of supervising the young king’s
training and education realized with her the im
portance of Alphonso’s thorough education, and
every faculty, every possible talent, was developed,
and the first indication of a weakness rigorously
dealt with. From the first day that he was able
tc talk intelligibly and interpret the words of those
around him, the lad has been laden down with
tutors representing every branch of learning, and
others charged with instilling the principles of
militarism and statecraft.
To be sure, an attempt was made to equalize
the strain by devising outdoor work and well-se
lected exercise, the effort being to cause the
growth ot the boy’s body to k"eep pace with that
c«f his mind. But it appears that this latter tS^anch
was somewdiat neglected and that the kinglet,
never possessed of a robust constitution, now that
the curb has been somewhat relaxed, is demon
strating indications of collapse and mental weak
ness. So in all probability ambition and sagacity
have overleaped themselves and paved the way
for a train of disasters and pitfalls for the op
pressed, unhappy kingdom.
We believe there are many parents who will
reaa the story and confirm our conclusions in the
light of their own sad experiences. America is,
pi r excellence, a country where education is
forced, and where often ambition and expediency
show scant grace to reason and ultimate results.
Wealthy parents wish their sons and daughters
to be so cultivated and accomplshed that they
may enjoy to the fullest extent the privileges which
riches bring. The poor man wishes to get his son
at work as soon as possible that he may contribute
his share toward the family purse. People in the
middle classes have children, often, with unusually
bright minds. It is here that much of the dam
age due to “cramming” may be traced in the kind
ly, though mistaken, effort of the parent to give
the child every possible advantage and aid toward
development that he may rise above the station
occupied by his parents and be fitted to grasp
every opportunity which shows its head.
Each year our sanitariums, immense bills from
the oculist and druggist and undertaker bear in
disputable evidence to the prevalence of this folly.
Parents seem fatally slow in learning the lesson
or appreciating the fact that even where the child
escapes a collapse from this unnatural forcing the
result is almost inevitably a hot house growth, an
abnormal walking encyclopedia, healthless and
anaemic, and, to use a somewhat paradoxical term,
all brains and no sense. An abundance of book
learning, but fearfully handicapped in knowledge
cf the common usages of life and the ability tQ
look out for number one.
We trust no one will construe this article into
an attack on higher, or even thorough common
education. No niind can be too highly educated.
Our protest is against the custom of crowding ecf-^
ttcation into a foolishly short period—of rushing
immature minds post haste through a course of
training which leaves them strained, distorted,
weakened in vital force. The trifling gain is more
than offset by disastrous results.
The Law of Compensation
—and Schwab
O Schwab has collapsed. The wiz
ard, the mental giant, he who kept
the threads of so many lives and
projects securely moored within that
wonderful brain of his, now a prey
to the gnawing, relentless giant de
spair of nervous prostration, supine,
helpless, purposeless as a babe. Yet
there are a good many other men,
perhaps not so wonderfully dowered
with executive ability as Mr.
Schwab, but sane and healthy, who
are envying his lot—his preeminent
position, his extensive power, his
chain of millions. They do not
once stop to consider the enormous price he is now
paying—they only regard his glittering success,
his domination of men and affairs and his phenom
enal rise from obscurity. Should we search the
country over, we would be unable to find an in
stance more vividly typifying the American idea
of success coupled with the result which its too
arduous prosecution too often entails. But look
the matter calmly, dispassionately in the face—
he has his whistle; has he not paid too dearly
for it? „ j
Some weeks ago The Sunny South published
on its editorial page an article from a skillful
writer on such matters, who drew attention to the
penalties for overwork and cited a notable, unde
niable example—John Rockefeller. The latter had
«\dded to his fabulous millions, but he had wrecked
In'- health. Andrew Carnegie might be classi
fied similarly. Spending his best and most vig
orous years in the pursuit of vast wealth, he at
length attained his ends, only to realize that his
capacity for enjoyment had been shorn of its keen
edg? and that he was doomed to spend the largest
portion of the remainder of his days in a tantaliz
ing quest for his lost health. Digestion gone,nerves
gone, he began to ask himself if, after all, the
game had been worth the candle. It is certain
that he, and others in a like predicament, are not
half so happy and content as the man with a mod
est income who finds himself with some leisure
for pleasure and zest for that curious phantom
when the much-sought opportunity arrives.
The gospel of work is being preached unceas
ingly from every rostrum and pulpit and newspa
per forum of any consequence in the United States.
Publications catering to the special craze of the
day each week and month furnish young and
eager minds with a feverish, fiery stimulus, which
s:‘ts men going like mad at the curious, never-end
ing game of money-getting. Work is all right
within proper limits. We have scriptural warrant
for the principle that man must live by the sweat
cf his face. No one will deny, either, that hard
work is indispensable to success. So far, good.
But to declare that work should be prosecuted
without the slightest reference to pleasure or re
laxation—recreation is a better word—is little
less than inexperienced folly. For the success
thus attained mocks the winner by his inability to
enjoy its fruits.
There is no doubt that much injustice has been
done this same man Schwab. Credit has been
given him for overweening avarice and a desire
to absolutely dominate whatever he touches.
Many sneers, too, have gone the rounds over his
reflections on the college bred man. In a recent
newspaper interview he comes very near setting
himself right in the estimation of sensible, think
ing people. He declares that the weakest point
of the college graduate, where lie allows himself
to be handicapped by the so-called self-made man,
is his tendency to depend too absolutely on his di
ploma. He expects his Latin and Greek, loga
rithms and literature to shoot him to the top round
cf the business ladder, when as a matter of fact he
enters his life work, as a general rule, entirely ig
norant of the principles of business, and with a
painful ignorance of how his fellow men should be
dealt with when it comes to scrambling for the
elusive dollar. Mr. Schwab has also showm that
his mind is not wholly cramped when he boldlv
asserts that the end of success is not moncy-mak-
ir.g, but that it means the wherewith and the leis
ure to indulge appreciation of art, music, travel,
study and other avocations. *
There have ahvays been over-ambitious men
willing to bankrupt their good health for a prince
ly fortune and illusory fame. But the tendency
has grown of late years, and has attained espe
cially unequal proportions in the United States,
where opportunities seem to be so abundant, and
money so plentiful for him who has wit and’en
ergy. We predict, however, that people will grad
ually become reconciled to more sane, steady
methods, and ordering their lives more system
atically, give the sanitariums and neurologists
easier tasks. There are too many people, other
wise sensible and liberal-minded, tempted to apply
the term of “cant” to this sort of talk. The fact
that it is not cant, but sober, cool judgment, is
proven by the unfortunate case of Mr. Schwab.
It happens, too, that his case draws special at
tention because of his prominence. Numberless
less conspicuous individuals know of similar in
stances in ther own experiences. The law of com
pensation has lost none of its pristine vigor. If
we transgress nature in our reckless struggle for
preferment, the old dame directs punishment. It
may be delayed, but it is inevitable.
Prize Story Contest
AS the reading and sifting of the stories in the
prize contest progresses, the difficulty of the
final task of deciding on the prize winners is em
phasized. The quality of the stories submitted is
excellent. Compared on general merits, it is sur
prising that there should have been so many re
sponses from so scattered a territory, presenting
the mark of talent so strongly as they do, when
the comparatively short time given the contestant
is considered.
Of course, there is a certain well-defined ele
ment of the stories which, as was to be expected,
does not come within hailing distance of any of the
qualifications essential to prize winning. But
where the manuscripts do demonstrate ability, it
will be extremely difficult to select the prize win
ners. The same is true of the special prizes. It is
gratifying that few of the writers have yielded to
the natural temptation to compete only with one
cf these special prizes in view. Few there are who
have not been perfectly honest in their endeavors
—a fact which will render the work of the editor
much more congenial, and nv an much more to
the prize winners.
Trained Servants For the South and How
bf to Get Them ^
The Sunny South Witt Gladly Welcome Intelligent, Dispassionate Discussion cAtong This Line by Both Sub
scribers and Headers. The Manuscript Must be Plainly Legible and Written On but One Side of the Paper.
By MRS. T. W. GREENE.
Written 'or Sunny South
liONQ with other things
connected with the race
problem comes this Gor
dian knot, the servant
girl. In times past we
aoiitherners used to smile
complacently over our
northern sisters and their
Bridgets, but now the
thing has come home to
us. The situation in the
south, however, is differ
ent to that anywhere else.
Here we have the raw ma
terial, Indigenous to the soil. In the
greatest abundance, and if wa do not
manufacture It Into good servants, the
fault rests largely with us. I use the
good old English word, servant. It is
honest and correct. If you call a servant
a "girl” she will be a girl. If you call
her a "help” she will be -p help—that is.
she will expect you to do the other half
of the work. “Girl” and "help” are
names born oil flattery and cowardice-
two things that should find no place In
a good mistress’ heart.
I am afraid I have shocked somebody's
sensibilities by using The word mistress;
it. too, is a good old English word, sanc
tioned by Shakespeare and the Bible, and
I shall not strike It from my vocabulary.
I take it we should be honest in ail
things, go live and speak that a servant
will not be ashamed to be called a serv
ant, and a mistress will not be afraid tp
exert her prerogative.
But how shall we make trained serv
ants out of the raw material around us?
It is good material, the best in the world.
Strong, durable, pliant, wanting only tho
hand of the potter to mold it into vessels
fit for us. The clay cannot mold itself.
In other words, a colored teacher, how
ever highly educated, however Intelli
gent, however anxious f%r the welfare
of her race, is not able to impart to ono
of her own color those little amenities
that should exist between mlstfess and
maid: those little refinements that go
to the making of an accomplished serv
ant. Then what are we to do?
Before I began this article I wrote to
Tuskegee institute for a catalogue, also
to B. .S. Bridges, of Macon, Ga., and to
Hampton, Ya.. in order that I might find
out what is being done in these schools
toward training young negro women for
domestic service. Up to this writing I
have received only one rc^ly—a cata
logue from Booker Washington's school
at Tuskegee.
I have read this through carefully and
with great interest. Under the head of
industrial training for girls I find only
three things which relate to domestic
service. These are cooking, housekeep
ing and plain sewing.
I quote the following from the course of
instruction in cooking:
“Second Year—Food: Its use, classifi
cation, adulteration, manufactured foods.
the composition of tho human body. Non
combustible food, water and earth, con
diments and beverages, carbonaceous
foods, starch, sugar and fats, nitrogenous
foods, milk. eggs, meat, fish, cereals and
vegetables how to market, digestion, ab
sorption. •assimilation and nutrition, pro
portion of food and adaptation to cli
mate, age, occupation and state of health,
relative nutritive and comndercial value
of food and its comparative digestibility,
dietaries and menus, arrangement of ta
ble for various meals, etiquette and table
manners tn general.”
Angels and ministers of grace, defend
us! .
What wo want our cooks to know is
how to make a pot of coffee, broil a
steak and makfc good Georgia biscuits.
The following I quote from the source
of Instruction In housekeeping:
”1 The Home—How to beautify, how to
make happy, advantages of so doing,
house, location, furniture, what to buy,
how to buy It, proper arrangement."
”4. Dining Room—How and wily we
should make it the most pleasant room
in the house, the table, how to set it,
what decorations to use, how to serve dif
ferent courses, duties of host and hostess,
how to sit at table, conversation, how to
wait with ease.
”8. Visiting—When to visit, how. whom,
how to receive.
”9. Housekeeper—Personal appearance,
what to wear, how to wear It, colors
suitable to different completions.”
From the foregoing my conclusion Is
that no servants are sent out from these
richly-endowed negro colleges. Those
who take a course in do
mestic training expect to
become teachers or wives
of prosperous colored
men. Therefore, we can
not look to these Insti
tutions for help. They ea
ter to the more ambitious class of ne
groes and we must try to untie the Gor
dian knot in some other way.
The only suggestion I am prepared to
make at present is the establishment of
a department for the training of ser
vants in connection with the free col
ored schools of the slate.
There are hundreds of young negro w'O-
men growing up in the country towns of
Georgia to a life of poverty, idleness and
shame, breeding a rice of criminals to
menace the citizen of the future. There
is no other life pefore them. They are
ignorant ojf those handicrafts which might
make them useful, honest and virtuous.
My idea is, quit trying to teach negroes
the higher branches of education in the
country schpols of the south. Take the
money/ that is now wasted on Da tin and
algebra and use it in teaching them to
cook. wash. sew and do general house
work. Every town in every county in
Georgia ought to have a school for the
training of domestic servants, and it
ought to be managed by the best white
women of the community. I would
myself be willing to assist in establish
ing and superintending such a school.
As for higher education among ne-
No
Help
From
Institu*
(ions.
groes, that Is amply provided for in t
richly-endowed colleges founded by nortn-
ern philanthropists. In fact, the neg
has superior advantages over the wh
child of the south in matters °* ^uda-
tion. Atlanta alone holds opportum
for colored youth that cannot be maten-
ed by any white school in the south. No,
there is no lack of money and opportuni
ties for the higher education of ne
groes. _ 1 ‘
I have not said all there is to say on
this side of the question, but .1 must
drop it now in order to'say something on
the other side. Aii of the trouble does not
’ lie with the colored servants. A great
deal ot it lies with the white mistress.
In fact, I hold that nine-tenths of it lies
at the door of those women who should
be housekeepers.and are not. lioiises-have
they but they keep them 4)ot. What we
need quite as much as trained servants
is trained mistresses.
If young women nowadays were train
ed in housekeeping there would be very
little heard about trouble with servants.
Surely, a woman who has been a home
maker more than half her life ought to
know whereof she speaks.
If I may be pardoned a little personal
allusion I will state that thirty years
ago, on the death of my metier, when
1 was a young girl, I took the keys at
home, and kept the house for an aged
father and a large f.imilj* of brothers and
sisters. From that day to the present I
have never laid them down, and I pray
God I never will until I am called to
lay down all the joys and sorrows of this
life.
I wish I could give to young and in
experienced housekeepers some of the
wisdom 1 have learned. Much of it, how
ever, can be compressed in the one word,
system. Organize your household after
the manner of a department store. Keep
a memorandum book and use it. Don t j
try to dodge responsibility and difficulty, !
but meet them squarely. The happiness ,
of a home more than pays tor the trou- j
ble.
I advise - young housekeepers to give j
up for a year or two clubs, society and j
entertainments. 1 am not narrow in my !
views. I believe in social pleasures, in j
card playing, in dancing, in theaters, in ,
women’s clubs, but I believe In home j
above all. All that I ask of young wom
en is to devote the first few years of mar
ried life to their homes. Bearn to be
good housekeepers first. It will not take
long, and when you have become per
fect wives and mothers, go lortti into tho
world and drink deep ot its pleasures.
The world cannot hurt you then, and
you cannot hurt it.
This may seem a digression, but it is
not. We cannot have good servants
without good housekeepers. We must
train them ourselves or do without them.
We have seen the result of domestic
training in Booker Washington's school,
and it is disappointing in the extreme.
We have the raw material in abund
ance. if we do not utilize it. it will go to
seed and fill the la’nd with, something
worse.
C35* WceR in a Bu S)
^ World ^
Chariot Schwab
flee from the cares
reC over. He will retire
H A R L E S j t
SCHWAB, it is ru ;
mored, has decider!
to resign the presi
dency of the United
States Steel Cor-
poratlon. He will r e .
linqulsh his 41,'jOO,.
000 a. year salary ,t 3
the head of this
$1,000,000,000 trust be.
cause he Is sick and
because his physi
cians have advised
him that he mas*,
of business if ha
would hope to
business indefinitely and seek res-
health in some secluded spot
Shah ofP&rSlo
^ Worries Which Women Make For ^
Themselves
By HARRIETT P. SPOFFORD.
HERE are women in the
world who, if they spent
their lives contriving how
to wear out the patience
of their husbands, could
do it to no better advant
age. If they ever read
they never took to heart
that verse in Proverbs
which tells how the wise
woman buildeth her house,
but the foolish plucketh.it
down with her hands. The
moment they open their
eyes in the morning they begin to 3>m-
plain of something, and tho last breath
at night is spent in some vain regret.
At breakfast they make it unsafe to
speak, as any remark is sure to be con
torted into offense; they think that the
husband need not spend the little time
he is at the tabic over the newspaper
and say so; they are distressed by the
service, disgusted by the dishes, vexed
by the children, and fill the hour so en
tirely with restless nagging that when
the door closes behind him the husband
is lustified if he feels himself escaping
into free air and breaking loose from his
bonds.
That ht$?band is unlikely to return at
luncheon, even if his home is within rea
sonable distance—freedom is too pleasant
to be lightly thrown away, peace is too
precious. He knows, if he 4°es, that his
entertainment will be an account of head
ache or some other ache, for which in
some dim way he seems to blame, of the
shortcomings of servants, the misdoings
of children, the unkindness of the neigh
bors, the depravity of things in general.
And that woman wonders why her hus
band never comes home till every other
place is closed.
Probably when this man does go home
at the late inner hour it is because i| is
needs must with him. He would like
to love his home, to enjoy his children,
to comfort his wife; but it is difficult to
love that which is unlovable, to enjoy
that in which you moot perpetual hind
rance, or to give comfort when ,the
springs of comfort have been exhausted
by long use and waste. He is one of the
men who think marriage a mistake.
Correct Your Annoyancei
hat a different place it Is where a
woman dwells who never dissipates her
power by annoying others with her own
annoyances! If she is ill with any of the
petty ailments, she keeps it to herself
and scorns to go About a beggar for
sympathy; if she has more serious ones,
the doctor knows of them the first, or her
countenance and not her speech betrays
her. She manages her servants without
resort to superior authority .and if they
give her trouble she is ashamed to let
another know liow far she falls short in
her executive ability. She settles her
own accounts with tho neighbors, if she
has any to settle, which is unusual; and
she would have a poor opinion of her
self if her children so successfully re
belled that she must call in aid. If this
woman has not enough money, she quiet
ly ascertains if that is the inevitable con
dition of things; if it is, she bows to it
and says nothing; if it is not, she states
•her case and her reasonableness is so well
established that there is no gainsaying
her claim. And not only here, but in
everything else she has her mind, since
her administration has so proved her
worth, that she has but to express a
wish, for her husband to believe that
nothing else would answer. For it is
written, a gracious woman retaineth
honor. The husband returning to this
house finds an atmosphere as clear and.
pure as that of summer tablelands; quiet
cheerfulness reigns, he never hears a
complaint, and, so far as his wife and
the management of his family are con
cerned, he would not know there was a
trouble in the world.
And this wife who is never known to
whine, to fret and fume and fuss about
tritles, is young when the other woman 1
is already old. “Look at me!” the other !
one cries. "Old before my time, and ail
because of my worries! As for her, she !
has nothing to worry about.” But she !
might have had. if she had set out in the j
beginning to make mountains out of ■
mole hills, to let the household see that
it was too much for her, and to insist
upon her husband bearing not only his |
own burden, but hers also. As it is, no
one within the radius of the poor, petu
lant, nagging creature knows what happi
ness is, even when at a distance feeling i
her still like a cloud; while, on the con- I
trary, the woman who keeps her trials
to herself, makes light of little griev
ances, handles heavier ones cheerily, and
adjusts her own affairs with a lofty con
sideration of . the right her husband 'has
to peace within his doors, not only pre
serves her own happiness, but makes the
happiness of all who feel her bright pres
ence or her sweet influence.
An Analysis of Liars and the Evil They Do
By PROF. CAMILLE MELINAUD.
HERE is in our time no his
torian, no judge, no teacher
who is not continually hin
dered in his work by the
omnipresent lie. For the
historian it is made diffi
cult to separate the real
facts from the mixture of
truth and lies which al
ways constitute his mate
rial. The task of the judge
is almost superhuman, be
cause there is always tho
possibility that the accused,
the witnesses or the counsel on*cither or
'both sides may tell things that are not
exactly true and very often barefaced
lies, and every teacher and educator
knows that truthfulness and sincerity are
the very foundation of all moral, that the
child who lies will very often do even
worse things, and that the person who
does not hate the lie will not have the
will power to resist the temptations of all
kinds which offer themselves to all of js
during our life.
I shall try to explain the origin and na
ture of this vice of lying that we find
in ail classes and all ages. 1 shall try to
analyze the complicated soul of the person
who lies.
First of all, let us try to discover how
a child begin-? to lie, whaf motives drive
him to lying and what sophisms he uses
to justify his lie, and then, afterwards, a
few words as to how to counteract the
lie, jiow to light against it and, if possible,
how to drive it out.
How does a child become a liar, how
does it discover how to lie, and how
does it get into the habit of lying.
The child In Its very first years neither
lies nor simulates; Its thoughts, its
ideas, its feelings are immediately trans
formed into acts. This is the great, nat
ural, primitive law. Every idea, every de
sire immediately becomes an act. The
act is only the Idea, left to itself and
following its natural course, and this is
what we see in all impulsive or all hyp
notized persons whose personaftwil] power
Is not strong enough to control. s
In the child all thoughts are imme
diately expressed in movements, tn cries,
or later, in words. Its body is the per
feet and constant expression of Us inner
self.
How is it then possible that a child
may take tip the habit of lying?
In this passing from the prflnitive sin
cerity to mendacity we are able to dis
cover a certain number of moments.
First, the child discovers the lie. then
it notices that lying is practiced all around
it, then that lying Is useful or even neces
sary, and finally it starts to lie itself.
The child lirst discovers the lie by play
ing. To play is to live in a world of
dreams, of unreality, of illusion. To play
is to transform the monotonous reality
into an alluring fiction which is more in
accord with the desires of the soul of the
child. A little girl, for instance, plays
with her doll and tells that she has a
baby, that it will soon grow, that it has
taken cold, that it begins to talk, and so
on.
From this to lying the step is very short
and what proves this is tjiat we are often
deceived ourselves.
A child will come to us crying, say
ing that another child has struck it, or
lias broken its toys, and we believe in it
until suddenly the child will burst out
laughing and tell us that it was all said
for fun.
Of course, from a moral point of view
there is a world of difference between
playing and lying; but from the psycholog
ical point of view the difference is almost
imperceptible, because both are in contrast
to the truth.
It is very natural that the child should
discover the lie through playing—it is
sufficient that it sees that grown people
are taken in once or twice, that it discov
ers that it can fool us. It amuses itseir
over our credulity, and then it will soon
know how to lie.
The second moment is the teaching of
lying by example, the revelation that the
lie is not only possible but real, that it
is practiced by the persons that surround
it, and what is worst of all, by its own
parents.
LyinZ Be for* Children
We all lie before our children; we all
tell any number of fibs that we consider
excusable; we let the servants tell that
we are out, when we are at home; we
compliment people to their face and criti
cise them behind their back; we say that
we are delighted to see a person, whom
we do not care to see at all. These toler
ated lies are sufficient, the example is set, i
but still worse Is it when a child is made 1
an accomplice In a lie, as when a mother j
will say to her child: “Now, you must not i
tell papa anvtning about this.” To treat i
a child this way. to teach it that things j
may be. done, but not told, is to show it j
the straight road to moral ruin.
The third moment comes when the child j
faces its first conflict with society, it :
already knows that lying is possible; that I
it is practiced by almost everybody, and
It now discovers that lying is, so to
speak, necessary.
Every child makes its start in life with
perfect candor and sincerity; it says
everything that it thinks and feels; it im
mediately transforms its impressions into
words and acts; it wears absolutely no
mask. But very, very soon it discovers
that this will not do. Sooner or later it
suffers for its frankness.
In the first place its own parents will
show their dissatisfaction, will tell it
that it must not repeat everything that it
hears or say everything that it feels. They
do not directly teach it to lie, but they do
teach it that to be sincere in everytning
is to make yourself ridiculous, to say the
least.
Very soon the child learns not only to
conceal its real feelings, but also to pre
tend feelings that it does not possess; it
soon learns that confidence is abused;
that promises are given, only to be
broken; that the whole social life Is one
rotten, hollow, empty shell.
Thus the child learns that absolute sin
cerity, absolute straightforwardness Is an
utter impossibility, that there are many
reasons why It must be impossible; that
politeness forbids us to be truthful; that
modesty and policy are continually fight
ing sincerity, and the child becomes a
conventional liar as everybody around
it Is.
After this comes the critical point. Will
the child stop here, will it not slide fur
ther down, will It understand to go be-
from
toratton to
in a foreign land.
H C FriCk or James Gayley. U is said,
will succeed Mr. Schwab as president of
the steel trust.
OHN U WEE-
STER, who ha3
been favorably men
tioned as a can];-
date for ambassad -r
to Germany, is a
lawyer of Detroit
and is widely known
for his defense of
the Indians and lor
other noted cases in
which he hag d --
closed legal talent of
an unusually 'nigh
J. L. Webstar order. lie has be
at various times a member of the Ne
braska legislature, president of the con
stitutional convention, chairman of tbs
Nebraska delegation to the republican
league, and delegate at large to the re
publican national convention of 183- ' r
Webster has won his foremost position n
the bar and the political life of his state
by innate ability and unrelenting lai • *
lie is a native of Ohio and is 55 years -i
U Z A F E R Ei)
DIN, the shah of
Persia, who has jt-
arrived upon nis
first visit to London
was appointed heir
to the throne of
Persia by Nasr ed
Din, the late shah,
who was assassinat
ed on May 1, 189-3.
The present mon
arch was born in
1853, his mother be
ing the "royal
wife.” He is not the eldest of the royal
brothers, but owes his selection for sue
cession to the throne to the preceden a
of his mother in the harem at Tehera
Eord Curznn has pronounced the shah to
be an intelligent and amiable prince wh j
is well disposed to Great Britain. He ::
being received with great acclaim in
England and it is expected he will visit
the continent before liis return to Persia.
UKE OF DEVON
SHIRE, . who, it is
said, will retire
from the British
cabinet October 1,
is the lord presi
dent of the council
and was appointed
to that position
when the Salisbury
ministry was made
up in 1895. Ho was
reappointed in the
reconstructed - cal).
Duke of Devo nahlre inet in. 1900. The
duke belongs to the ancient family of
Tavendish and is the eighth in the line
of ducal succession.) Since 1*95 he has
been one of the leaders of the liberal
unionist party and, is one of the few
great nobles in England who yet support
a grand feudal style of life in his sev
eral country palaces and castles. He fs
now 71 years old, but still active and en
ergetic.
HE noted actress,
Mme. Francesca
Janauschek. who is
critically 111 at a
hotel in Saratoga,
where she has been
living since her
stroke of paralysis
three years ago, is
now closing the
seventy-third year
of her life and the
thirty-sixth of her
career on the
Janauschek Abieriean tragic
stage. Tho once great actress was born
fn Prague and had already achieved
great success in Bohemia and Germany
when at tho age of 37 she came to her
adopted country and began the study of
English. Her triumphs in English have
been notably in Deborah, Bianca. Mary
Stuart, Queen Elizabeth, Lady Macbeth
and Meg Merilies. In 1S99 Mme. Janau-
sehtk made a tour of the principal Amer
ican cities.
RANCIS K O S-
Sl'TH, leader of
the independent
party in Hungary,
and son of Louis
Kossuth, of Hunga
rian revolutionary
fame, will visit the
United States the
latter part of this
month. He will go
to Chicago from
Cleveland, where
he will attend the
unveiling of a
the citizens- of that
honor of the memory of his
Mr. Kossuth, in a recent inter-
of Chicago,
Francis Koxxuth
monument erected by
city it
father.
view with Sigmund Krau
expressed his gratitude for the honor
shown his father by the American peo
ple, as well as by the whole liberty-
loving world. He said that the object
of his life would always be the realiza
tion of the theories advocated by his
lather, who dreamed of giving his peo
ple a type of liberty which would make
Hungary a worthy member of the great
family of nations.
Mr. Kossuth was a railroad engineer
in Italy wli|i the radical party of his
country offered him a seat In parlia
ment, shortly aften the death of his illus
trious father. Now he Is one of the
greatest magnates of Hungary, and the
leader of the party representing one-
third of the nation. Ills father visited
the United States in 1S51.
CQNTINVM> ON EIGHTH PAGE.
In February of next year there will
be held at Rome a national exhibition
of Italian wines. This will be done upon
the Initiative of the vine growers of t!fe
Batlum province, who have formed an
agrarian association. From many parts
of France reports are sent to the Eno-
logieal institute of the southwest regiop
of France that there exists a serious
invasion In the vineyards of the pvrale.
Dr. Vlncens, director of the institute,
has published a highly interesting re.
port upon this Insect, Its origin and de
velopment. and the best means to fight
its ravage*