Newspaper Page Text
rOURTH PAGE
THE SUNNY SOUlti
APRIL 4, 1*0$
^ As Knights of Old ^
“I—I thought you were going to wear crimson,” she murmured Inconse-
quently.
By WINTHROP SANFORD.
ROM a long course of novel
reading Clarice Rector had
graduated into a perma
nent, if self-generated, at
mosphere of romance. She
parted her hair madonna-
wise and coiled it low on
her neck, with a creamy
ca meii ia peeping from above
one pink ear. She affected
violet tints and clinging
gowns, and after five of
her favorite heroines had
been described as possess
ing svelte figures, Clarice took to Del-
sarte and rigorously denied herself
sweets.
Frank Horstman had graduated from
The high school into his father's store
and promised to become what his fath
er termed “a business man from die
ground up." lie wore ready-made clothes
and banked a part of his salary every
week. He called Clarice’s camellia a rose
and asked her whether she was not
afraid of tripping over her long frockg.
Whereupon Clarice decided that Frank
was not her affinity. A man who could
not. differentiate between the flowers
worn by his sweetheart and those chosen
by other gills, who preferred flounces
to "slender, alluring lines," as her fa
vorite novelist described the clinging,
short-waisted gowns in which she and the
aforesaid heroines appeared, was certainly
not the man to make her happy.
Further, Frank l ad never said that he
wanted to make her happy, lie had an
unpleasant prosaic faculty for remarking,
as he took the Rector order over his
father’s counter:
"I planted twenty more at the First
National yesterday. Clarice. 1 think we'il
build in the spring."
We—indeed!
And to have a man remark casually in
broad daylight during ilie homeward
waik from church that he hoped she
wouffi always have red geraniums in the
dining room, like Mrs. Deems, the seam
stress, was not exactly Clarice's ideal of
love-making She wanted moonlight, or
flickering firelight, with lender pleadings
on Frank's part and fluttering uncertainty
on hers. She recalled, with growing dis
satisfaction, that Frank hud never really
proposed to her. lie had taken it all for
granted, it seemed to her, from the first
day that lie had carried her books to
school. They and the idea of marriage
had somehow just grown tip together. All
Hillboro understood it, too. and was
counting on the wedding as soon i s Frank
had established his right to a partnership
in his father’s business.
Therefore, all Hillboro was greatly
amazed, in fact, properly shocked, when
Amy Judson told Carrie Frayne that Clar
ice had told her that everything was
over between her and Frank; indeed, that
they nad never been really engaged—just
a foolish boy and girl love affair-that
was all.
And it certainly did look as if every
thing were over between the two Frank
had come to her bubbling over with de
tails of a little transaction that meant
much for his prospects. Clarice had
looked first bored, then irritable, and final
ly had said she was tired of petty busi
ness affairs. Frank had followed this up
with a remark about their common in
terest in his future, and then—the del
uge.
White faced, but with a certain dogged
look in his blue eyes, Frank had heard
her out, then rising, had faced her, his
hands clasped behind him, that she
might not see them tremble.
"I suppose you know what you are
Say-“I’m Sick’'
And I Will Supply You With
a Cure.
I ask for no money—just a postal; just
say that you need help.
I will mail you an order—good at anv
drug store—for six bottles Dr. Slumps
Restorative. You may take it a month on
trial. If it succeeds, the cost is $3 30. If it
fails, I will pay the druggist myself—and
your mere word sITall decide it.
Over half a million sick ones have done
what I ask of you; and 29 in each 40 have
paid for the treatment gladly, because
they were cured.
I don’t know your condition, nor how
difficult your case. That doesn’t matter.
If you will make the test, and he fair with
yourself and me. I am willing to take the
risk.
My success comes from strengthening
(he inside nerves, which operate tile vital
organs. I have spent my life in learning
how to do it. A weak orggn means weak
nerve power. It is like a weak engine
that needs more steam. To doctor the or
gan is useless; what it needs is power to
act. My Restorative alone brings back
that power, and in most of these diseases
no other way can cure.
My book will tell you why.
simply state which
hook you want, and
address hr. Sboop,
Jinx 001 Racine,Wig.
Kook No. 1 on Dvspepsia,
Book No. 2 on the Hc.irt.
Book No. :t on th“ K dnevs
Book No. I for Women,
Book No. 5 tor Meo,'Sealed)
Book No. 0 on Rheumatism
Mild cases, not chronic, are often cured by
cnc or two bottles. At all druggists.
talking about, Clarice,” he had said, “but
I am not sure that I do. This much,
though, I will say: If you expect me to
So down on my knees like those fire-eaters
in velvet cloaks and lace ruffles, or to
hang over the back of your chair like
the leading man in the play, you're mis
taken. 1 love you”—and there was an
odd break in his voice—“I don't think any
man will ever love you as I do, but I
won’t be made a fool of. even by you.
Why—why—I always supposed that you
understood.”
“Indeed?” Clarice had responded with
an ineffective attempt at sarcasm. “Well,
1 am no mind reader, and you kept
your sentiments locked close in your
mind. Perhaps it is just as well, be
cause I now realize we could never he
happy together.” And she had handed
him the little ring, two interlocked hearts
of twisted gold, which Had been his
valentine gift the year before their grad
uation.
Before twenty-four hours had passed,
Clarice reached the decision that the ro
mance of a lover's quarrel was more
admirably depicted in books than in real
fife. According to all the teachings) of
her favorite writers, she should have
shown such signs as an interesting pallor
and flagging steps, when in reality she
had only a headache and a very red nose.
The day had started out wrong, when,
peeping through her shutters, she had
seen Frank stalk stolidly to his work
without a glance ii. the direction cf her
window or without hearing his cheery
robin's note, which had never failed to
greet her every morning for years.
But then one must take her stand
some time, and if Frank was too proud
to propose, she was too proud to be had
without even the formality of the ask
ing.
Two weeks later Hillboro was scandal
ized at the news that Frank llorstman
laid taken Judge Lallan's stenographer,
Nelia Webb, to the Knights of Pythias
dance at Ames Junction. Miss Webb was
wliat the Hillboro boys called a "stun
ner. ’ Frank, still stinging from Clarice’s
petulence, eai.l to himself that NeUa
Webb was the right sort. She openly
laughed at love, vowing that what she
liked was a jollv good chum. Siie wore
smart, snug-ntting short skirts, patted
ids arm familiarly and—well, Frank said
she would have been the very best sort,
if she had not smoked cigarettes on the
quiet. But at any late, she did not read
novels and sf?t* said she hated spoony
men.
When Clarice heard the gossip she shut
herself up with a new paper-backed novel,
entitled “Through Love’s Purifying
Flames,” and emerged in the firm belief
that the heroine of the tale had never
suffered a tenth as much as her abused
self.
So things moved, or rather dragged,
their tiresome way until the Judsons,
social magnates of Hillboro, gave their
fancy-dress ball. Frank hau about de
cided to send liis regrets. Xeiia Webb
was not on the Judson calling list, and
of course, be argued, it would not be ex
actly loyal for him to go where Neila was
not invited. That morning Ted Rector
dropped into jthe store to have his skates
oiled and tightened. Teddy had not per
mut'd the little family unpleasantness
to interfere with his friendship for a
man who was an authority on sports.
"i could have had this done at home,”
lie confided to Frank, “only nobody lias
time to notice me. Everybody’s working
on Clarice’s dress lor Judson's party.
Sue's going to be Queen Elizabeth. Gee,
J'JU ought to see thcTNllie she's going
to wear round her neck! And Jay
Hughes is going to be Sir Walter Raleigh,
the chap that lays down his cloak tor her
to walk on. 1 heard him tell hei there
wasn't a coat in ail Christendom good
enough for her to waik on.”
“Fool,” muttered Frifnk, giving a wob
bling screw a vicious twist.
"That's just what i think,” rejoined
Ted. “He's the mushiest ever. Don't sec-
why you let him cut you out with Clarice,
i don't want him u>r a biother.”
Frank scowled over his w’ork ail morn
ing. jumbled Ills orders to the utter dis
traction of the delivery force, and final
ly knocked off work early in the after
noon and went into executive session
with Mrs. Deems, the seamstress, whose
geraniums had been one source of discord
bc-tween him and the girl of his heart.
The night of the Judson masquerade,
the entire Rector family gathered in sol
emn conclave to watch the fair Clarice
receive the finishing touches of her regal
costume. There was a sharp twang of
the doorbell, and Clarice exclaimed ner
vously :
“Oh, dear, he is too early. Teddy, you
run down and tell Mr. Hughes I’ll be
ready in a few moments. Mother, where
is my fan? And. oh, father, you’re sit
ting on my mask.”
Teddy accomplished his errand with
amazing.haste and returned with an odd
looking, three-cornered note.
“He says to read it at once,” was the
mysterious message of the excited boy.
Clarice reached for the note, then hand
ed it with a nervous laugh to her mother.
“I can't read it above this dreadful
ruff.”
“Dear Lady,” it ran.^ ‘’May I crave the
favor of a few words with you, ere we
start? The time is short. Come to me
quickly, oh. Queen. Yours, Raleigh.
“Just like a real play,” said easy-going
Mrs. Rector, as she gathered up her
daughter's train and started her safely
down the stairs.
But Clarice was not so complacent' by
half. Oddly enough ' she was ..saying to
herself: “I hope it is just part of the
' play. Jay has been getting very silly
of late.”
As she went into the parlor and glanced
at the mirror to make quite sure that
her abominable ruff was not slipping off,
a gallant looking figure, clad all In pur
ple and violet, from silken hose to mask,
bowed low before her.
“Queen of my heart, before a score of
knights woo your favor—”
Clarice felt very hot and uncomfort
able. She drew back the hand he had
clasped, and looked nervously about her,
as the counterfeit Raleigh knelt at her
feet.
“I_I thought you were going to wear
crimson—” she murmured inconseqliently.
“Every true knight wears his lady's
colors,” murmured the man before her,
as he clutched desperately for the hand
which she was now holding behind her.
“Clarice, my queen, I love you.” ■
Clarice was backing toward the door.
"Please, Jay, don’t be silly. You'll
spoil all the fun if you act like this.
Besides, I really don’t care about you.”
The knight in violet struggled to his
feet.
“Yes. you do, Clarice, dear, and if
you’ll forget that I was a boor—”
‘ The mask fell off, and Clarice gave a
startled little cry.
“Frank, how could you?”
“Because I love you—and I want to
tell you so—every day and. all the time.
I ought to have told you so over and
over again, only 1 thought you under
stood.”
“I did understand, but I wanted to
hear you say it. Oh, Frank, I ve missed
you dreadfully.”
A moment later the bell pealed again,
and Ted's voice was wafted in from
the dark entity:
“Say, Mrs. Queen, you’d better smooth
that ruffle ’round your neck before the
next knight comes in. or—or
And that is how it happened that Queen
Elizabeth went to the Judson masque
rade with two knights in her train, and
came home with hut one and that one
the knight who after all had remembered
her colors.
Would Eat It, Anyhow.
Washington Post: Representative Cush
man. of Washington state, told a neyr
siorv in the republican cloak rooms, a few
days ago. He stated that a number of
years ago the lawyers of that state at one
of the meetings of the state bar associa
tion gave a banquet to all the lawyers
present.
“One of the old timers,” said Mr. Cush
man. “was on hand from the wilds of
Wahkiagum. He had practiced law in the
territory when Grant was in the white
house. The old fellow wore a long-tailed,
claw-hammer coat, with brass buttons and
other prehistoric raiment.
“When he took liis seat at the table
there was before him in the center of the
table a large silver pudding dish filled
wifli custard, upon the top of which was
floating an inviting snow-white frosting.
The old gentleman, not recogtizing the
conventionalities of the occasion, went for
it like a Dolly Varden trout for a salmon
egg. He reached over the table and pull
ed the dish gently toward luim. dipped the
silver ladle deep into the delicious com
pound. and sucked the ladle dry with one
distinctly audible smack. Just as he dip
ped the ladle in a second time one of the
colored waiters spied him, and, hurrying
up to the old man. whispered in his ear: "
" 'Don’t eat dat, mistah. Dat's de des
sert.’
“The aged lawyer looked up in innocent
amazement with the ladle poised in air
and said:
“ ‘Dessert, eh. II—1. I'm not afraid of it.
I’d eat it if It was a wilderness!’ ”
Rupture
Cured Free
The Rice Method is Unparalleled in
the Annals of Medical Success.
A Cheap Home Cure That Anyone Can Use
Without Pain, Danger or Loss ol
Time From Work.
IS SENT FREE TO ALL.
To the thousands upon thousands of rup
tured people who have worn trusses all their
lives and have become discouraged, the Rice
CHIEF J. H. ALEXANDER.
d will prove a Godsend. Upon writing
, W. S. Rice, 1887 Main St., Adams, N.
; will freely and gladly send you a trial
5 method by mail so you can test it in
own home. Do not be backward about
ig. Remember it costs you nothing to
his wonderful method.
•f J H Alexander, of the Detroit, Mich..
Department. 40 years of age and for
years a sufferer from rupture In Its
form after trying every truss on the
>t without relief, finally decided to un-
an operation, but was persuaded to
>ne it until he had tried the Dr. Rice
,d with the result that he was quickly
je'rmanently cured. He says: “I was
dly ruptured that I feared I would have
ive the Department. In fact. I did not
e anything except a surgical operation
he lp me. No truss did me any per-
lt good, but Dr. Rice’s method cured
nd *1 am today as well as I ever was
my life. Hundreds of my associates
•omrades in the Department know and
estify to my wonderful cure, and I am
tly willing to tell my experience for the
t of others.” Mr. Alexander’s address
103 20th ■St., Detroit. Mich,
thousands of testimonials received by
lice mean more than such expressions
y do. A person may take a medicine
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The cure must be complete and in the
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ARCHITECTURE As a Career for Young Men
working instinct together with a love for
the beautiful, or artistic, he would in all
probability make an excellent architect
If he has also ambition and application.
“Where one has time, a short course in
civil engineering would be of incalculable
benefit, for the reason that it trains a
man in accuracy, and accuracy is of ex
treme importance; then a course in some
good architectural school so as to train
the mind to a systematic;, method of work
ing out problems, and after this a cer
tain time in a good office. This would
be the ideal method of making an archi
tect, and should cover six or seven
years. Then a few years drudgery and
disappointment to show that he does not
know it all, and he would be ready for
the serious part or -the actual practice
of architecture.
“While a college course is desirable, it
is not essential, many architects having
learned the+r all in an office with the
aid of books, photographs and practical
experience.
“The feeling for architecture is, I be
lieve, inborn, and a boy or young man
that has this feeling in him will sooner
or later be drawn to its study and prac
tice. I don’t believe it is proper to
offer advice to a young man, as to what
profession, trade or occupation he should
pursue. If a young man has an ability
toward certain work he will naturally
gravitate that way, and if he has no par
ticular ability it makes little difference
what work he takes up. Young men who
take up architecture or architectural
draughting under the idea that they can
obtain an easy living from it without
drudgery soon find their mistake and
drop out. The man that has a feeling
for architecture will make more or less
a success of it if he has natural ability
besides.
“Good draughtsmen are at present very
scarce and very difficult to obtain. I
could give employment to several capable
draughtsmen now.
Salaries of draughtsmen varv as in
other occupations. Some men can only-
trace work laid out for them, and are
spared even the exertion of thought; men
of this class get salaries from $25 up.
Others can make the complete drawings
for a building from preliminary sketches,
ajid these men get salaries varying from
$75 and $100 and upward, depending on the
character of the work and the location.
Salaries for draughtsmen run up as high
as $4,000 or $5,000’ a year, and in some
instances even higiher. A comparison
might be drawn between a small store
and a large department store. The clerk
in a small store where only one man is
employed would not require the qualifi
cations nor would he get the salary that
the manager of a large department store
would, and so in architecture. The arch
itect that does only- small work does not
require the expert help that is needed in
offices where the work is more compli
cated, and. of course, could not pay the
salaries that are paid in these offices.
To state, in so many words, just what
distinguishes the draughtsman trom the
architect is a hard thing to do, and yet
the distinction is everything. Not every
good draughtsman can become an archi
tect. though he can plan work and have
it executed properly. I think this would
apply- to other professions also. I know
a very capable draughtsman who com
mands a high salary who has several
times attempted the practice of architec
ture, and each time has failed. As a
draughtsman he was a success, hut as
an architect he lacked something.
"If a young man has the qualifications
CONTINUED FROM SECOND PAGE.
I first mentioned he will naturally and
of his own volition take Up draughting
and architecture’, and to advise him to
do so would be superfluous. To young
men who haven’t these qualifications I
would advise them to keep away from
draughting and architecture ”
Like Mr. Downing, Mr. Denny Will
neither advise a young man to follow
architecture nor to leave it alone. He
Is very explicit, however, in his enumera
tion of its various requirements, re
sources and limitations.
Mft. DENNY’S VIEWS.
“Patience,”, says Mr. Denny, “Is one
great quality necessary to the architect.
If he gets nervous and hurries, his work,
he is apt to slight It. He also requires
business ability—quite as much, in fact,
as artistic feeling. Very often the best
architects fall because of this requisite,
and in a case like this it is better for
two men of opposite talents to form a
partnership, one looking after the plans,
the other attending to the business end.
Many large firms do this. I know one
consistihg of three members, one of whom
Is the business manager, another the
'society .man,’ who indirectly solicits pa
tronage, and the last is the architect. All,
of course, are architects, but all are not
business men. or men with good connec
tions, or men whose knowledge of archi
tecture is preeminent. Hence the com
bination of their strong qualities.
“The architect should also have a
knowledge of nearly every kind of busi
ness. If I am to plan a hotel, I must
have some idea of how a hotel Is run
and what its space requirements are.
The same with a railroad shop, or a de
partment store.
“These are general qualifications other
than that of artistic feeling. I don’t think
that the latter will apply to modern work
to any- great extent, because nowadays it
is largely. If not wholly, commercial. An
office building, for instance, breaks all
rules of architectural proportion. So also
does a department sto’-e, where columns
obstruct the light. After all, it is a
matter of adapting plans to practical
needs where art, In a large meausure,
must be disregarded.
“I think it advisable for a man to enter
an architect's office and go to some archi
tectural school afterwards. The schools
are necessary; they teach all sides of
the work, and give a knowledge of stylos
and ornament that is vastly helpful. But
this mass of knowledge is bewildering to
one who knows nothing about it in the
beginning. The preliminary work in an
office shows a man his limitations, and
when he takes up the study he knows
exactly what he must learn and also
how to apply it. Students at the schools
can generally get enough outside work
to defray their expenses. Architects em
ploy them for extra work at night, or
in seasons when the rush of business re
quires additional help.
SALARIES OF DRAUGHTSMEN.
“After graduation it is better to get
the practical experience under some arch
itect before opening one's own office. But
not all good draughtsmen succeed as
architects, for some of the reasons I
have mentioned. The chances, however,
for capable draughtsmen are always good.
Their salaries apnge from $10 a week to
$10,000 a year. Jt all depends on Ihe man
and his knowledge of construction. lie
that is worth $10,000 a year Is able to plan
an entire building and see that each -de
tail is carried out The lesser draughts
men assume only one part. Architects
are paid 5 per cent of 'the cost of the
building.
“While I believe that talent for archi
tecture is inborn in a large measure still
t would not advise any man to go into it.
He might be a fine architect and yet lack
the business ability, or the reverse might
be the case. I think, though, that the
outlook Is bright for the capable man.”
Mr. Norrman speaks or architects who
are successful financially, and the other
kin# who are architects. He says:
MR. NORMANN’S VIEWS.
“The gift of gab is the essential thing
for the architect. Knowledge, sense of
proportion, and beauty-, regard for it as
an art, no longer count in architecture.
One must be pleasant and agreeable, one
must get business and make money’.
“This is success counted in dollars and
cents. It Is success as the public under
stands it. It is the success that is ap
preciated. Thorough knowledge Is dan
gerous; a ‘pleasing address’ Is more to
ibe desired than great wisdom.
“As I say, this is the popular concep
tion of architecture. But architecture it
self is an art; one must, in a large de
gree. be born for It. The training must
be long and thorough—four years at some
university, for the basic culture which
leads to an understanding of the classic
terms and figures used in architecture,
and (in this country) four years in the
polytechnic schools. In the Ecole des
Beaux arts in Paris the course is six
years. After that, practical work in an
architect’s office—making in all Ten or
twelve years of preparation.
“Is the apprenticeship long and ardu
ous? I should say so—that is, to become
an architect. This, however, is not
■necessary to make money in the profes
sion of architecture. One then needs
only to learn Ihe superficial tricks; and
so long as he has the aforementioned
gift of gab it is only necessary that his
building be safe, and the bricks stay in
place. The public will never be any the
wiser.
“This is the most discouraging part of
the profession. Let a man labor for
years, and produce a masterpiece, the
public will never notice it. It is the spirit
of the age; it is as much so in Europe
as in America. Nowadavs. no one asks.
Is he a good architect? but rather. Does
he make money out of architecture?
“This is true of all the artistic profes
sions, but the werst part of it as applied
to architecture is that plans must often
be submitted in competition, where the
judges are men in other lines of work.
They would laugh at you if you claimed
to understand dry goods, and they would
be offended if you intimated that tliey
clidn’t understand architecture, and yet
4hey pass on your design. Jt may he the
result of years of study and experience,
and the best of the lot; but it is an acci
dent if it is accepted. Not knowing any
thing about it, they- say, ‘Give it to So-
and-so; he's a good fellow.'
“But to return to the beginner. His
apprenticeship must be thorough, and in
addition to his school training he must do
office work. 1 think that artistic feeling
is necessary in a large degree, though a
sence of proportion and the finer distinc
tions between styles! and ornament are
largely things of habit and training. One
may- cultivate them much as a man cul
tivates command of language.
“What does architecture offer? At a
recent civil service examination 150
trained draughtsmen allied for a gov
ernment position which paid $1,500 a year.
The winner of the new depot competition
will get $1,000. and this for years of hard
and unappreciated work. A farmer could
make more on one year's hay crop, and
with one-tenth the nervous strain and
exertion. No. I can't say that the young
man may expect a bonanza.”
HE CURES
THE SICK
Makes the Lame Walk
and Performs Modern
Miracles Which As
tound and Mystify
the Doctors.
I Want the Sick to Write Me."
Says the Great Healer.
Tell the People My Services
Are Free. So are the Ser
vices of My 20 Eminent
Specialists.
Tell Them They Can Be Cured at
Home. That I Am Giving My
Great Discovery to the World
That All May Be Well and
Enjoy the True Blessings
Of Perfect Health.
PROF. TIIOS. F. ADKIN.
“My ambition in life is not money,”
says Prof. Adkin, the great healer, who
is daily curing men and women of the
very worst diseases after learned doctors
have pronounced their cases hopeless.
His method of treatment is somewhat
mysterious, but the fact tnat he cures
the sick when all else fails, when the
doctors lose hope and science despairs,
is demonstrated beyond controversy. No
matter whether you have Consumption,
Kidney Trouble, Rheumatism. Catarrh,
Dyspepsia or simply an ordinary .cold or
fever, they are all alike to Prof. Adkin.
lie cures them all, he cures you quickly,
painlessly, permanently at your own
home. He also tells you a secret method
by which you may keep yours"., in per
fect health. Without exaggeration, it
can be safely said that Prof. Adkin is
the most interesting, remarkable and won
derful physician healer of the age. His
only talk, his only thought is How to
cure Incurables, to bring hope to the
hopeless, joy, sunshine and happiness to
the miserable and suffering. He is truly
Wanton Slaughter of Birds That Destroy
Crop-Devouring Insects
ing up their nests. Because the hungry
little birds help themselves to a few
berries or grapes or tap the peaches now
and then, they are condemned to death.
What would become of our boys if they
were punished in like proportion for
greater thefts, and thefts committed not
of necessity, for bare food, like that of
the birds?
Because the thrush, robin, redbird or
woodpecker is seen to perch on an ear
of corn, and perchance snatch a few
grains for its dinner, it is condemned to
be shot, yet for one grain it takes it
destroys a hundred injurious bugs. The
red-headed woodpecker, one of our most
beautiful birds, and his cousins, the so-
called sapsuckers. are deelUared to be
outlaws and boys are encouraged to kill
them on sight. Why? Because, forsooth,
they have been caught in the aet of
clinging to an ear of corn and pecking a
hole in it. Is not that sufficient proof
of crime? But wait a moment. Look
closer before that cruel shot is fired.
Watch that sharp, long beak as it taps,
taps, always at the same spot. Present
ly that pretty red head is jerked back
with a triumphant air and twinkling eyes,
and in its beak is held a grain of the
young corn? Oh. no. but a big, fat
worm that has been holding high carnival
amidst those juicy grains for days past.
The farmer's woodpecker friend and' as
sistant has spied and captured his true
enemy, and saved his corn from further
damage. More than this, it has saved his
cotton as well. For know that this rav
age.’ of the young grains of corn is the
real boll worm that so often devastates
whole fields of cotton. And yet the ig
norant farmer would kill the woodpecker
for destroying his deadly enemy.
It would be far wiser for the agricul
turist to protect and encourage all birds,
than to wage a blind warfare against
them all. thus destroying ten of his active
friends to one of his foe. There has been
so much of this wanton destruction of
insectivorous birds that already we are
face to face with the disastrous results.
Ask any thoughtful, observing farmer of
thirty or eveu of twenty years’ expe
rience whether the depredations of in
jurious bugs are not now more serious
than they were in his younger days.
His answer will assuredly be that in
sect injury to fruit and garden and field
crops of all winds is much greater than
they were even a few years ago, and that
it , is steadily on the increase. When
this farmer was a boy only a few in
sect enemies of fruit and garden were
feared at all. The cut-worm, the boll
worm, the bill bug. the cotton caterpillar,
were the chief sinners. But today all
these have vastly increased, and their
army has been reinforced by other le
gions. Year bv year the life of the ag
riculturist is becoming one of persona)
warfare against bug-life. Look at the
array of spraying pumps on the market-
each one, by the way, “the best.” Look
al the numerous washes and mixtures
that must be sprayed time and again over
fruit and vine and vegetable if they are
io be saved from their bug enemies. There
1 is a cause for this necessity, and that
cause is not far to seek.
RESULT OF DEFORESTING.
The Creator, “from whom cometh every
good and perfect gift,” gave js the birds
to be our friends and helpmates, our co
workers. They are one of those inesti
mable blessings that He has lavished upon
us that we do not appreciate until we
Lave lost them. Insect life naturally be
longs to the forests. Man cuts down
I those forests and takes awav from their
denizens the food that nature has pro
vided for them. In these circumstances
they act just as we would do ourselves.
They recoup their losses as best they
may, and so we find them taking posaes-
CONTINUED FROM SECOND PAGE.
Sion Of our cultivated fields, where many
of them thrive as they never did before,
on the plainer food of their native woods.
Certain it is that there has been a vast
increase in the number of the injurious
insects, and consequently in the extent of
-ueir depredations.
This increase is especially noticeable
in localities where men and boys have
for years been taught, or at least to
kill and destroy the birds and their eggs.
In other localities where wiser or more
humane men have dwelt, or where the
laws for bird protection have been in-
forced. f> the “insect pest” is to a large
degree modified. That is because the
•sweet singers, happy and fearless, are
there taking care of the crops, and doing
police duty over those marauding bugs
in return for the protecting kindness of
their human friends.
The investigations of expert students
of nature of late years have been many
and thorough, and have brought to light
most valuable facts in regard to the re
lation of birds and bugs, proving that
this branch of rural economy is of the
deepest importance to the tHler of the
soil, whether of garden crops or of fruit.
With the exception already rioted, of a
few birds of prev. all birds are more or
less a friend in need to the agriculturist.
Birds are the natural destroyers of in
sects. which constitute their principal
food for the greater part of the year.
Careful investigation has proved that
many birds heretofore regarded an con
victed criminals are not only actually
harmless, but of actual benefit to that
very class of men who have been tneir
chief persecutors. The sma'ler birds take
toll sometimes of frait or of a few
grains of corn. What then? They ha\e
earned all they take and much more.
Destroy them all and you will soon find
out how true this is. The larvae, the
bugs, the caterpillars that the birds de
vour. would have destroyed a thousand
fold more of those fruits and grains but
for the friendly intervention of those
much maligned birds. The wrens, the
bull-bats or night hawks, the martins,
sparrows—except our English importa
tion—mocking birds, cat birds blue jays,
woodpeckers, flickers, robins, thrushes,
all these and many more of their kind.
art the friends and helpers of the very
men who so blindly destroy thti'n.
The Investigations above alluded to
which have cast so much light into the
darkness of the general , Ignorance, re
garding our bird friends, have been so
long continued and so systematic as to
leave no doubt as to the correctness of
their conclusions. All of them have been
undertaken by expe’rienced ornithologists,
and most of them under government
auspices and facilities, and many are
the old-time theories these investigations
have upset. •
Take the robin, for instance, which is
really a thrush, by the way. Not one of
all our birds has been more discussed in
agricultural journals, pro and con, than
this same little "robin redbreast.” Is he
for or against the farmer? Some say
tha
former.
seme
the latter.
Let us
see
where
the
truth lies.
Robin
is
fond of
fruit.
like the rest of us.
and sometimes, it must be admitted, he
takes more than his fair share. But, af
ter all, these peculations are of minor ac-
court, last but a few months and amount
to nothing at all in comparison with the
benefits he renders to the farmer during
all the rest of the year. The full knowl
edge o? these benefits has been gathered
by a careful examination cf the stom
achs of robins killed in many localities
and) at different times of the year. In
January and February the Ejbin of the
middle, western and Nw England states
feed upon insects, barberries and seeds,
)
rvae and cedar berries. The insects
d larvae, were in greater proportion
an the seeds or berries, even though it
is midwinter. Those little robins, na-
re-taught, were smart enough to find
t the winter hiding places of their bug
ey. In March their insect diet in-
sased. and the stomachs examined in
>ril revealed the following bill of fare:
irthi worms, three parts; larvae, two
rl.s; caterpillars, two; bugs, three; bar-
rries and seeds, three parts. Counting
e larvae at six units, and throwing oft'
ree for the possible beneficial insects
slrojed. and putting the earth worms,
rries and seeds into the neutral list,
six units, we find that the robin is ac-
ally beneficial sixteen days, injurious
0 ami one-third days, and neither
rmt'ul nor beneficial the rest of the
no So, you see, we have here in one
jnt h a record of sixteen days of- good
eels, as an offset to two and a third
vs of harmful ones.
•he robin record for May was the
ne but when June ciane there was a
[event story to tell. .he babies came
then for their share of bug dainties,
1 the parents were kept busy from
.ruing to night in filling .their open
intenances. One pair of robins was
tched, and by actual count the male
d destroyed in one hour twenty-four,
I the female twenty-seven, cut worms,
ring another hour this same pair de-
oyed twenty-six and thirty of these
‘mies of Ihe gardener, and in another
jr forty cut worms and smooth cater
ers. All of these insects were fed to
ir young, who were then not half
>wn. It would hardly seem possible
it j’oung birds could have such tre-
ndous digestive powers, but these are
its as noted by a skilled observer in
,eminent employ. All birds digest their
d very rapidly, and in the case above
?d it is to be considered that cater
ers, grubs and other larvae are real-
AN OMNIVOROUS BIRD.
As with the robin, so with other bird
culprits. They are mostly innocent. There
is the red-shouldered hawk, of.en in
correctly’ called the hen hawk. It is a
common bird and extremely valuable to
the farmer. It is especially omniverous,
more so than most other birds of prey,
so that Its bill of fare is extensive. It
loves, not In an unselfish way, mice,
.birds, snakes, frogs, fish, snails, grass
hoppers, centipedes, spiders, crawfish,
earth worms. In short, 90 per cent of the
red-shouldered hawk's diet is made up of
animals and insects injurious to the far
mer, and only’ VA per cent of poultry or
game birds. So we have not far to go
to find the true status of this hawk. And
yet It is a hawk, and “Hawks should be
shot on sight.”
Again, there is the red-tailed hawk, also
called the hen hawk. This is probably
the best known by sight of all the large
hawks. It does sometimes descend upon
stragglers from the poultry yard, but as
6d per cent of its food consists of in
jurious mammals and not over 7 per cent
of poultry, the latter lapse from virtue
may be forgiven.
And so, which shall it be—birds or
bugs? In future articles we purpose to
visit our birds again, and in their own
homes learn of each one whether it is
friend or foe.
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