Newspaper Page Text
JULY 9, J904.
THE SUNNY SOUTH.
FIFTH 'PAGE
Uncle Sam Prepares To Teach
Healthful Beauties of Gardening
Normal Students Assisting B05/3 to Measure Gardens on Department Grounds.
OME few years ago it was '
discovered that the boys
and girls of the United
States were being deprived
of much valuable learning
and at the same time much
pi' .isure, by not receiving
instruction in gardening.
But few of those engagi d
in training the young knew
anything of the subject,
but if the children could
bo induced to plant, argued
its advocates, their interest j
soon be so aroused, their power j
srvation so stimulated, their con-
s so exact, that forlorn back yards j
li heaps would vanish in a season, |
their pi ..-os grass vines and lux- I
blooms would flourish. Various
Is were used to accomplish this
*e result being very satisfactory.
• has consequently been a gradual I
ling all over the country to the
iy of giving children a working |
ege of soils and plant life. Tills
and expression in various wavs 1
i tile cooperative garden, usually
med in large cities of tile United
by the improvement of school j
s. through the gardens of indl- j
plots, and through encouragement of plant industry of the department of
agriculture, realizing the value of well
organized work through the medium of
the public schools, placed at the disposal
of tiie N01t3.nl school, at Washington,
D. 0., a work room, a greenhouse ami ail
material necessary for on elementary
course in horticulture, which is under
his guidance. Two hours il week during
one term is the time allotted to it.
By this method the city receives an
addition of fifty to its teaching corps,
' 'a ar equipped to handle the subject
intelligently with children under their
immediate care, and to give inspiration
and ideas to Those teachers not as for-
Prize Yard Showing Pretty Design in Center.
ickyard improvement,
iias been pro veil conclusively, how-
that if results in this healthy and
d work for children are to he Inst
at'd valuable, it must be obtained
i,-h intelligently tea liing the subject,
schools. Systematic instruction is
is needed. Massachusetts Wiseon-
tnd Missouri have ’aid the right
lation by introducing a course in
mtary agriculture and horticulture
many of their normal schools.
1 TLE TUITION AVAILABLE,
tistb-s gathered recently show that
iy half the population of the United
Students Working with Soils to Test Water-Holding Capacity.
| to the children under her care for the
1 pleasure there is in it.
| The exhibit of garden products made
j by the students, after they had worked
i all summer, was so successful that the
department of agriculture "placed at the
] disposal of the school three thousand
I square feet of land and a small green-
1 house, where plant propagation could lie
j carried on and at thf same time material
j could he provided for school ground im-
i provemeut. Shortly after the work began
J a work room was provided, and the stu-
i dents were given il well-planned course in
elementary horticulture and agriculture.
; Germination experiments are per-
j formed in the spring, showing seed vi-
1 tality, conditions for planting and
depth of planting. Plant propagation
by cuttings, budding and grafting tire
taught. Geraniums, scarlet sage, hy
drangeas, begonias, ivv tire propagated
in the ‘’all and grown in the greenhouse
during the winter. Cuttings of forsythia
and privet fur hedges are buried in sand
to l>e ready for planting in the spring.
Young apple seedlings are grafted. Bulbs
are potted fur winter blooming. This
material is used to beautify school rooms
i during the vinter and school grounds'
in spring.
j Teaching is done bv the laboratory
| method. Experiments are performed and
| conclusions drawn and applied to the
I gardens. These experiments include
' work with soils, the relation of water
: to various soils, germination, seed vitali-
j Iy and plant physiology.
1 Recent investigations made in the
laboratory have revealed the fact that
I every soil contains till necessary food
I for plant life; that soils tire only sterile
'because tin food is not available. Water
1 is the great agent which makes this
] food available, so in tiie course of in-
I struction much attention is given to ttie
[ relation of water to soli. A simple ap
paratus of lamp chimneys is used to
Sandy and clay soils are tested side by
Suites is engaged in agricultural pur- 1
s its, yet no pr lvision is made-for the '
c .ucation of farmers. They have abso- |
lately no technical training. From this I
xistitig condition of things, it is shown
t] t the children of tiie country should
. taught something about agricultural
rsi its, ami the si ! joI g irden offers an
vceilent institution for the fostering of
agricultural instincts. The cry of
over-population would never be heard if
1; .iciilturui pursuits should receive prop
er attention.
Some of the cities of the United States
; 1 aside an annual appropriation toward
t ex; ensc of Conducting the school gar-
d ns. the latter being in charge of com-
j : . iit. g;n-doners. The work is continued
1 1 .ugh the summer vacation, and results
i practical benefit in the regular class
V' rk of the children.
Ur. B. T. Galloway, chief n* ti-n bore:La
tunate as they. All facts are taught by
experiments, the work room being really
a la boratory.
Tit ■ work was at first begun by giving
lectures to the students and :--e>-ds were
tbc-n distributed. There was no land
available for a general garden in connec
tion with the school, consequently there
was but one means open to make practi
cal application of the principles taught in
the lectures—the home garden.
City back yards are small and frequent-
| iy concreted. In such cases box culture
j v/as resorted to. The purpose of home
1 planting by normal students is net ; n-
1 rrarily to improve back yards. This is
I a result of course. The jirimury reason
^ is to instill a love for plant culture and
the great out-of-doors so strongly, that
1 the young teacher will impart the same
Normal Students at Work in Greenhouse*
; silk*. Methods for nlti-ring this power
j are demonstrated. By wHsrhing wet and
dry soils of different tortures the faet
is learned that the amount of water a
. soil holds depends on its texture.
Two p ts of well watered earth, equal
in weight, the surface of one thoroughly
1 loosened, the other packed, are weighed
i daily until a marked difference In weignt
!s noted, thus showing: the value of me
;garden to conserve the water,
i Kach stuch-nt aims to have a well
planned garden, simple desires and to
! have tiie best garden. Some devote their
time to bringing one variety of plant to
j a high state of cultivation. I vast year
sweet peas and nasturtiums were prime
favorites; this year carnations and chry
santhemums will receive the greatest
I attention.
I In some cases vegetable gardens have
j proved profitable. The financial idea is
I not a part of the work, however.
COMPREHENSIVE COUR3E.
I As before stated, the course plans to
[ make plant culture a necessary part of
I a teacher’s training, by teaching her to
derive pleasure through work, by culti-
| voting her powers of observation and
j judgment, by putting her In touch with
I the occupation that one-half of the
j United States is engaged in and so gtv-
; big her development that in turn lntiu-
! enopf those under her daily care.
In addition to the work mentioned, the
course of instructions calls for planning
1 imjirovements of school grounds. A
school very much In need of attention
j is selected. Each student submits a
I plan for improving its grounds without
reducing the play ground. The best
plan is followed by the children of the
1 building when the work of improvement
Is begun. This method is extensive, rar-
reaching and Ideal. Children are instruct-
I ed Intelligently, time is saved by not
having to correct mistakes of ignorance,
i and by following a systematic course of
instruction.
Classroom work, modeled after that
of the normal school, was given a class
of sixth grade hoys in a nearby senool
last March In April each boy was as
signed a plot of ground 7 by 10 teet,
where vl retables and flowers were rais-
j ed. This work will be continued through
out tiie summer, each normal student
* giving a portion of her vacation to ob
tain experience in garden work with
children.
Thus the normal students are sent to
the schools of the city with a working
knowledge which fits them to make an
intelligent beginning in school ground
decoration and to arouse interest in tne
subject of horticulture generally.
A large number of school gardens are
now successfully conducted in Boston.
Tiie first one was established at the
George Putnam grammar school. It
wa planted with ferns and wild flow
er.' taken from the fields. Eighty of the
pup’Is of this school were given plots
4x i J feet in which to grow flowers and
veg tables, doing nil the work of pre-
' paration. planting an', caring for the
gardens. This garden is still carried on
independently of the committee on school
I gardens.
The second garden was established in
connection with the Boston normal
school. Forty boys from tpe Kioe school
'and forty girls from the Franklin school
had beds 4x10 feet. Here an attempt
was made to correlate the garden work
with schoolroom studies by letter writ
ing, diaries, plotting out of grounds,
etc. This garden is still carried on and
the children work regularly during the
whole season from seeding to maturity.
, Tiie efforts to interest parents has re-
; suited in many home gardens.
I The science department of file normal
school directs the work of this garden.
An elective course, including instruction
in simple agriculture, together with prac-
| tieal work in laying out school gardens
and teaching gardening to children, is
now offered to the nprmal school stu
dents.
The enlargement of this movement is
largely due to the interest of the Twen
tieth Century Club of Boston, which at
: the beginning met the larger portion of
! the expenses, including the purchase of
tools, shrubs for decoration and the sal
ary of a teacher during the summer.
The same year the Massachusetts civic
League carried on garden work success-
j fully in the Columbus avenue play
ground. Tiie work has been continued
I and developed, until now a large num
ber of children from the neighborhood
have individual gardens. Teachers from
nearby schools work with their pupils
during the school year and during vaca
tion. and a garden Instructor is em
ployed to meet the children and super
vise their work.
REMOVING STAINS.
Timely Suggestion by an Authority—
A Substitute for Soap.
"White linen 01 lawn that has been
stained with coffee can be freshened by
rubbing the spots with the yolk of .an
egg. to which 'has been added 20 drops of
glycerine, stirred together; rinse off with
warm water. Scorch stains on white
goods may lie removed by squeezing a
lemon over the spot, sprinkling it with
salt, and placing It where the direct rays
of the sttn will fall upon it, writes Mary
Taylor-Ross in the July Housekeeper.
When on delicately tinted cotton goods,
sprinkle the spot thickly with cornstarch
and place in the sun, covering every part
of the goods with newspaper, except file
part covered by the cornstarch. There
Summer Is the Best Season For
Radical Outdoor Cure ^
:
Milady Spends Most of Her Time on a Naptha Launch and Enjoys Perfect Health.
HE glory of a day out of
doors!
There is nothing like it
in the world for bringing
bloom to the cheek, bright
ness to the eye, elasticity
to the step and a general
restoration of lost health.
Great is the joy of
spending the entire time in
the open air, among the
trees and birds, where all
is harmonious; at th>- sea
shore, lake or mountian,
where are found renewed vigor and
health, after indulging In exerei
fishing, rowing, driving, riding, walk
ing, hill or mountain climbing. it. is
sure to drive away “the blues’’ and
makes the heart light and gay.
The open air treatment is a simple and
most efficacious method of bringing
about a permanent cure of persons \vliosq
| systems are “run down" by worry, over
work and nervous affections.
The great success attending the open
air treatment is just now attracting the
attention of thoughtful people every
where to the new cure. Women espe
cially, whose lungs are weak, and who
are suffering and unhappy by reason of
a “run-down” condition are administer
ing the treatment to themselves.
The proper tiling to do its to remain
out of doors every day as much as pos
sible, and to indulge in some form of
exercise, whether it bo walking, hill
or mountain climbing, rowing, fishing,
riding or sitting out of doors, it® iling
the health-giving ozone Tiie entile' day
should lie spent out of doors, the object
being to gain all the possible advantages
accruing from the outdoor life, which
has been demonstrated to be so bene
ficial to people who seek juvenation of
their bodily system.
Those who pursue this outdoor life are
[ brief pieriod of time to observe that the
cheeks upon which have blazed the death
badge, arc gradually developing the rich,
even glow of vigorous life. It is the sleep
of the desert wanderer who has found
water and life in an oasis, after following
mirages till body and brain and soul
| had sickened almost unto death.
The chief point not to he lost sight of
is to be sure and remain in the open air
as much n^t possible. Do not be afraid if
the weather is a little cool. Some en
thusiasts of the new cure, who have been
blessed with, a generous quantity of hair,
have accustomed themselves to go hat-
less in all kinds of changeable weather,
wiiether in the mountains, seashore or
country, and have received no evil re
sults from such exposure.
Of course, proper food taken in correct
o a feature of the pew
ions have been known to
uti a diet of raw eggs
Picture of Joy, Happiness and Health Depicted in Countenance of. Fair De
votee of Outdoor Life.
Finds Pleasure and Healthful Exercise Wading Through Stream Catching
Fish in Her Net.
CAB (7 7E wa sell thla Hick Arm 9-Drawer
run •lilv Drap Head Oak Cabinet Sawing
Machine, auch aa others sell at $IB.OO to BBB.OO.
We sell Singer, Wheeler h Wilson, New Heme, White |
and other high grade machines at astonleldnRly low
price*. For the meat liberal terma ever mode, our
Three Months* Free Trial Plan and for our Pay After i
Received Offer, cut out and return this ad. and our ’
free Sewing Machine Catalogue, the handsomest, larg
est and most complete sewing machine catalogue ever
published will be gent by mall, postpaid. Don’t buy at •
eewlng machine until you get this FREE CATALOGUE ,
and our astonishingly liberal offer. Address,
SEARS, ROEBUCK & CO., CHICAGO, ILL.
| Seated on a Porch Rocker in the Open Air Drinking In the ozone, milady
j Discovers That She Is Being Much Benefited in Health.
really should be no chance of scorch
stains on tinted goods, and there is no
excuse for using a hot iron on it, a flat
iron that is meiely warm being advised
for ironing all colored garments.
Sateens, whether French or domestic,
may be cleaned by washing them in soap
suds made of lukewarm water, white song,
and a cupful of salt. Rinse in lukewarm
water anil salt, stiffen with gum arable
solution and wrap in a large sheet. In
two or three hours iron on the wrong
side. These garments should not be hung
ont of doors at all.
Many authorities hold that sateens and
til; nark colored lawns and cotton go >ds
should never be washed with soap. Any
sort of starch may he wed, hut corn-
. starch is considered best. Or. 6 quarts of
water are put over the fire with a pint of
rice and boiled; this water is strained
away and used for washing instead of
soapsuds. Tiie starch is boiled, made very
thin and strained, and the starch or rice •
water are botli used tepid, but not hot. ;
Tin- garment should be washed in two
starch or rice waters, then rinsed and
billed, and in this case the gum arahic
solution may be dispensed with, since
enough starch remains on tiie goods to j
stiffen them sufficiently, and when used j
in this wav there is no chance of the j
garment becoming starch-streaked. If
they are to be made very stiff, however,
tin- gum arable should be used. The
starch water removes the dirt as well
as the soap, and there is no danger of ;
starting the colors or turning the goods |
rusty” tie is apt to occur when soap is ,
us'(1. I
OUR FREE TRIAL OFFER.
| and plenty of milk, consumed at regular
intef mils.
It Is well to retire to- bed early and en
deavor to sleep at len t eight hours, nl^o
to avoid eating when bodily or men
tally tired or in a state of nervous excite
ment Do not smoke or drink liquor,
wire or beer, ej. 0 pt by special permis
sion, but drink plenty of good milk and
water between meals. Never take any
kind of walking, breathing or other exer
cise when you avo tired, nor take them
to the extent of getting tired.
i Many ofi the men and women w*ho are
at present pursuing the open-air treat
ment, and who are making the fight for
life, aro expected to be exposed to the
; free, unwarmed air of nature the greater
portion of the day. They must take ex
ercise and rest, until health and strength
come back in swelling tide.
1 Particularly at this time of the year
I nature affords ample opportunity for per-
i sons with wornout systems, whose phys-
i leal conditions have been run down, to
! seek the outdoor treatment.
The languid and tired feeling experl-
; eneed by the man or woman suffering
possibly from some disease that is sap
ping life away, vanishes like smoke in a
i short time, if such persons have recourse
I to beating, sailing or fishing for oontinu-
' oils days at mountain, lake or seashore.
The eye brightens, the ruddy complexion
returns to the pallid cheek, the step be
comes more elastic, strength and merry
laughter are again visible in tlie form that
vas previously more or less emaciated,
all the result of the open-air treatment.
The latter lias not only changed and im
proved the physical condition of the devo
tees of the new cure, but the eagerlv
sought change is likely* to be perma-
' nent.
Let milady take a row over the placid
stream in a boat that is to her liking,
1 remaining out some hours, and she will
discover 011 her return to shore that the
bracing air and exercise undergone, if
continued for several days, will make a
“new woman" of her. her health being
restored"
Another good moans of regaining lost
1 health by the open-air treatment is by
I CONTINUED OX LAST PAGE.