Newspaper Page Text
TEE SUNNY SOUTH
THIRD TAGE
JULY 30, 1904
By FLORENCE l_ TUCKER.
tor 737*. Sot|ih
^ HROT < 'H i1itf>(? nmtxir’ea oT
and change to the
fashionable resort it Is to-
S’ the wln ter Newport
J 1 Worlfi -tarnons svs-
Aug^sVine *° Wn °* St '
lost it ,• S never quite
Z ' ,S *T> iCtiVQ charac-
• nor Hie charm which
hn^ora about Its old streets
and ancient land marks.
' s, i narrow streets,
their Spanish ^ *° aff ° rJ ShadP ’
hanging 1kj1 * 3lan,es - their over-
& B balconies and n;„,
WaI1 *- lowing .hr,,„.o, fh . ® h ®’ rden
”>ei r open doors
•i« and waving
““Ugh remains to lenv ^ earin S: yet
to America stm ,;«• ' 1 3 oMest city
° ther on the continent r<>nt fr ° m * Very
e^MLT ^ thG f ° rt - can-
that the kin ;
» Alternate Prey of Pirate,
Troubador and Modern Midas v$» ^
'Svmny South’s Municipal Series
tliroi
glimpses or orange
•banana. n,-„ fast
3 ° st so much in building
Madrid," we read r,,le from
have been Uw-, ' ' appears to i
found it in the middle ,
century. And yet
St
the boueaniers
the seventeenth
*' or ° 'Wanting. The^sky ‘ nW 00nditions
Eiistine
An
as as dciicateiy bi ue a»,i SO f t i
as that of Seville. The
warn i and as golden
tlie
Ida
sunlight is as
that wiiieli floods
s of Spanish alcazars. The Flor-
ens are os radiantly brilliant by
nlffht.and the full moon floats as luminous
ly above th e Allanti
the pinnacles and
fciittcr in its t
f'onst as where
minarets of Valencia
ims on the Mediterranean
MANY MASTERS.
Indian sea king, Spaniard, boueanier,
T? ri t ’ - It invader, each in turn has scourg
ed the town, and though after the pass
ing of each it has risen again stronger
than before, at no period 1ms it at
tained to any considerable wealth or
size. For some years before the civil
war it was a winter resort for people
from the north, and in the early seven
ties when l|ie only communication with
tiic outside world was hv water, or stage
line from the st John river, it came
more into prominence; hut not until af
ter 1884. when Flagler began Tim con
st:" .-tUn of his great hostelries, dkl St.
Augustine begin to lie the national re
port it hns since become This alone, per
haps. preserved to it its original char
acter—its want of wealth and its remote
ness from the world.
Though, happy it Is. tin
Garden in St. George Street, St. Augustine.
the three hotels—of th
ing which is widening
displacing the old lions'
return to the Spanish archit,
which it seems a pity in tlii
city ever to hat
most enduring—
modern build-
lie streets and
. has shown a
ture from
one little
“Parted. The fort
was. of course, the most notable ex
ample of Spanish architecture ever here;
it is the only example of mediaeval archi
tecture on this continent, superbly illus
trating the art of engineering as de
veloped at that time. Th V« massive
structure of coquina rock, with its cur
tains, bastions, moat, barbican and glacis,
covers with its surroTindlng reservation,
more than twenty-two acres.
was consiaere
11s would sink
attering. as v
hardens on exporure to son and air. It
is procured front the famous Kings quar
ries on Anastasia Island. 18 miles away,
tlie only quary of that peculiar and beau
tiful concrete shell rock in the world
Fort Marion, as it ims been called
since the cession of Florida to the
United States in 1821. was c-ixty years in
building, and the labor was performed
by -convicts from Spain and IM
Indians and slaves who quarried, the
istone on Anastasia island, ferried it
across the bay, and toiled at the walls
till, some lying down and dying ami
others taking their places, it was more
than half a century before was finished
what was for years the strongest for
tification in America, glorifying In the
military record by having never been
captured
THE FLORIDA PURCHASE.
Under first one name and then another
for two hundred years the fort was St.
Augustine, and St. Augustine was Flor
ida, till in 182!. by payment of S5.000,-
COO to Spain, Florida became territory
of the United States, with General An
drew Jackson, its flr=t governor, from
which time it was called Fort Marion. As
far back as 1740 San Marco, as it was
then called, had casemates, or rooms,
curtains and four bastions, which were
named, respectively, St. P-ter, St. James,
St. John and St. Paul. At the corner
of the northern bastion is the watch ’
tower, commanding approach from the se a
and at the corners of the other three
cut in the wall by prisoners that they
might climb tip and look out of the win
dows over the door Into the quadran
gle.
The chapel, the portico of which was |
once beautifully adorned, facet! the en-
trance to the fort acrose the quadrangle, i
On either side as you enter are the j
niches for the fonts, and farther along |
xico and i 0,1 the right remains of the old tim- j
bers where the confessional was fastened j
like those on the fort only smaller. The
12-foot space U,"tween the pillars was
originally protected by heavy, iron bound
wooden gates and Ibe approach was by
way of a drawbridge over the moat or
ditch, which was flooded at high tide. At
night the gate was closed and fastened,
guards were stationed in the sentry boxes,
and in the guard house just within the
gate a detnohme.it of troops. At Ihe fir
ing of the sunset gun the bridge was
raised and the gale barred, and “when
once the gate was closed the belated way
farer. be he eitisen or stranger, must
make the best of it wifTlout tTle town
until morning.”
On the plaza where stands the Uonsti-
t’.Ttion monument erected in 1813 by tho
Spaniards is the old “slave marker," so-
called. but which in reality never was
at any time a slave pen. in 1840 It
was built for the sale of meat and other
food supplies, and devoted to that use,
but It is long sinee it has been anything
but a .loitering place in she pleasant
little park.
Fronting on the plaza is the famous
old cathedral, the corner stone of which
was laid In 1792. It was five years in
building, and was constructed of ma
terial from the ruined shrines of Tolo-
mato and Nuestia de la Lech* In the
belfry, which was of Moorish type, hung
a ehirno of four bells, placed in separate
niches, one above and three in a hori
zontal line. The clock being placed be
low, the scheme appeared that of a
cross. On that one of the bells which
is said To be the oldest in this country,
is the inscription: “Sancto Joseph. Ora
pro Nobis, 1) 1689 "
After the lire in 1887. which destroyed
> verything buit the walls of the cathedral,
the bells were v-hnng, but arc never
rung, tile powerful bell in the tower now
calls the people to worship, and rings
the Angelus, at 6 o'clock in the morn
ing. at noon, and at 6 again in the
evening. The Interior of the edifice Is
spacious and lofty, and the altars and
paintings very handsome.
Searelv less interesting, to the visitor
than the cathedra! is the tiny chapel
in the old Spanish cemetery north of the
city gates. Here Father Corpa. one of |
the twelve Franciscan missionaries who
came 'to labor among the people, while 1
at prayer was murdered by one of his
Indian converts whom he had publicly
rebuked.
Spanish town which so long and bravely
held out against the Moors. It is an
emblem, too. of Juan Fonce de Leon,
whose epitaph proclaims him “a lion in
name and a lion in heart.”
And in the arch over the gateway and
In the southern end of the town, at ] again in the spandrels of the panel arches
withou
In harder stone, it was u
building the sea wall, the oit
the earliest houses, and th
L#eon, Al^nzar and Cordova
r ncrete with coquina shell
Tliis concrete is a oorrnorifi
Portland cement and shells,
constructed of successive l:n
e r »'*te— as one layer hardens
is poured In on top of it. Wh
the wall is hut a single stoir
bastions s'ntry
land approaches
rericiu where tr
and it takes lift
the lon ; ly sentry
or fatigue as he
tv.-ixt
cess lv
being one solid mas
olith, without joint
self admirably to ;ir<
iative purposes, it po;
Ities of durability
destruction by fire.
Coquina is a stot
collection of shells,
ments of variegated
ed together by the
water
dissol
shell.
The stone
>f a. soft
hoi! frag-
v corni n'.-
rain and
mi partly
1 of the
riod, and
lOX'es overlooking the
These are on the ter-
eatinon were mounted,
imagination to picture
umb and stiff with cold
as he counted the -low hours
•k and dawn, and peering suc-
through each of his little out
looks across the flat waste of land or
desolate t-act . f water told off the beats
of his homesick heart. The hot-shot
furnace still s< n in the moat was built
in !84 J . and in the watts or the north and
south bastions are marks of bullets made
in executing prisoners condemned to
di-.
Upon the quadrangle or interior court
100 feet square are the casemates which
were used for barracks, mess rooms and
store rooms, the chapel, the famous dun
geon, and "Coacoochee's Cell," the one
from which the two Seminole Indians,
Coaeooch ?c and Tahiti's Hadjo. escaped
by starving themselves until their ema
ciated hodi-s could pass between the liars
of the outer aperture of their prison.
And. next the door of this court room,
as it was originally, are three niches
A Btt no? -tire -Old 'Town.
Fort Marion-
-Bastion and Fort.
i music—they could not be brought into the
j chapel, for a prisoner permitted to knect
| at the altar could, claim the privilege
[ of sanctuary.
The dungeon, called the pennaucarrah.
Or place of punishment, was undoubtedly
the scene of the horrors ascribed to it.
Ut> and down the wall at the right were
fastened six crosses, at the back one large
cross with two large shrines, and to
the right and left two small shrines. Un
der the crosses in the masonry can be seen
'the places where were fastened the chains
[that held.the prisoners in an upright po
sition which allowed of neither sitting or
lying down. T'ite custom of that day was
j to inflict punishment "under the cross."
in the inner dungeon, which was reach-
1 ed through an.opening 30 inches high by
. 3 fei-t wide, were found the iron cages and
| human bones so often described—tbu
bones, it is claimed, of a man and a small
wanton. These chambers, which had at
otne time been walled up. were discover
ed in 1839 when the weight of a gun car
riage on the terrcplcin above caused the
\ ceiling to cave in.
One of tlie most reliable authorities de
scribing the dungeon says; "Near the en
trance were the remains of a tire. Upon
the side of the cell was a rusty staple.
With about three links of eh*.'a attached
: thereto. Near the wall, on the west side
i of the cell, were a few bones.”
Musty anu suffocating and but for the
feeble ray of the guide's lamp, dark as
file nether regions—and darker when to
test the horror for a moment he ex
tinguishes the flame—it is a relief to re-
! fleet that the suffering of those imprison
ed here was but for a brief space, for
life could not be long sustained in such
| foul atmosphere where never one ray of
heaven's light lias penetrated.
The seawall, which was begun in 1690.
extended from the fort to a point opposite
.the plaza. The present seawall was built
by 1 i*United States govenime..t—1835-
i 184?—at an expense of $100,000. It is of
coquina capped with New England gran-
i ite, Is three-quarters of a mile In length
and extends from Fort Marion to the
1 United States barracks. St. Augustine is
- . -sine'S forms. A complete uesm complete So low' that protection is necessary
hook of legal Penmanship; a complete Lightning i „ MlTlst th e encroachment of thf
a th. wall; at tlie furlher end was tlie ! the termination of the sea wall,* are the i is the stag’s head, the sacred totem d
itar and tlie niche of the patron saint, 1 United States barracks, tlie old St. Fran- | "Selooe," the Indian village on the site of
t. Augustine. Into tlie adjoining rooms I cls conve nt, the walls of which famous b vl,ich st - Augustine was
hich were used as apartments tor trie l , , . , .. The Alcazar is in archit
priests, condemned prisoners were some
times allowed to come to listen to the p
ciscans established a convent on this I
site, and in 1763 when the place came
under British control it was converted j
tils of which famous
building are said to be the most ancient
of any in the city. In 1586 the Fran-
milt.
ture and gran
deur a fitting complement of the Ponce
de Leon, like It of Spanish Renaissance
style, and original throughout.
into a barrack.
Just south of this is the military ceme
tery, containing the three coquina pyra
mids erected in memory of Dade and
his 107 soldiers who were massacred
by the Semffioles in 1835.
One of the oldest houses in the city is
that occupied by the public library, it
is an ancient coquina building of Spanish
architecture, formerly the governor's res-
PLANTS IN THE SICK ROOM.
(From The Philadelphia Press.)
Flowers were advocated as a cure for
consumption by Dr. Frances Bartlett in
a paper which she read before tlie Botan
ical Society of Pennsylvania at the Uni
versity of Pennsylvania last night.
"Why send consumptives and sufferers
to Colorado to benefit by the climate,
when we can bring that climate into
T may be that the million
aire is no more eccentric
than humbler mortals, and
yet In the fierce white
light of publicity it often
seems so.
For instance, there was
the late Cyrus W. Field.
He was never given to
any of the expensive hob
bies of other rich men.
He did not dote on horses,
or yachts, or pictures.
But Mr. Field did like
tea. He used to say there was only one
man of his acquaintance who knew how
to brew it. and that man was "Old
Field.” The father of the submarine
cable used to travel a. gTeat deal by rail,
but he never went anywhere without his
favorite brand of tea and his personal
utensils for brewing it.
Mr. Field seldom traveled in his pri
vate car. and none of his retinue of serv
ants ever made tea for him. From his
berth in the Pullman ite rose early, as
: at home, and it was not an uncommon
: sight try see the gray old philanthropist
half dressed and stirring about in a buf- :
fet car at daylight, seeking hot water
with which to brew his choice young
Hyson, a canister of which was invaria
bly a part of bis bagga,ge.
One day when Mr. Field was going
through Front street he was attracted
bv a tea taster who was sipping the con- ;
tents of a number of small cups. Mr.
Field watched the man carefully and ob-
i served his metbpd of using boiling water.
Finally he entered the place and said to
i the expert; "How long have you been !n
tbU business?”
“Thirty-one years.” said the tea taster,
who was enjoying an annual income of
about $20,000.
"Well, you had better give It up.” re
marked Mr. Field, frankly. “You . don't
know how to make tea and you are too
old to learn. Let me brew some of that
■ stuff for you."
I The aged philanthropist poured water
i on some lea/ves which he took front a
paper in his pocket, let it draw for ;»
few seconds and invited the tea taster
to test. But the expert spat th* stuff
out. “Worst ever!" was ids comment.
“Not even properly brewed.” Then Mr.
Field, who was a sensitive man, turned
on his heel and walked away muttering;
“If you are an expert the good Lord
help some of our tea drinkers.”
But when the millionaire was out of |
sight tlie tea tsater r
and said to one of the clerks
Old Field. He's a crank on tei
pound for it, and 1 told him
dishwater.
The late Colonel Elliott F
hobby ran to linen. He nevt
considerable distance from hi
did not tak#> with him a pc
chest. Tile bed linen of the a
man car is clean, but Mr. Sii
believed so. He always to.
sheets, pillow slips and towel
Charles yj. Schwab has a ]
automobiles, yet this is not his
ation and pleasure. His keene
in a swimming bath, and if
poor man he would be called
ter crank." Even on shipboar
arils say that when Mr. ft wi
be found in his stateroom or i
ing room he is taking a plun?
cent trip acres? a woman, c
bore, tried three days to see
'about steel." Finailv one o
lards said to her. "You say y.
! him? 1 advise you to wait,
cause at the present momer
tlie bathtub.”
j Like the Roman emperor
I suppliant smelling of perfur
[preferred the odor of garlic. A
negle dislikes a perfumed ma
l been known to view with
j mistrust the advances of a sv
[stranger. Mr. Carnegie once
. senger in Pittsburg who was ;
I made and frangipanni. The
used to sniff the air. turn pal
his eyes every time this mess
within smelling distance. Af
pointed hints which the y< x
heed, he was seelSng empio;
; where.
31 r. Carnegie's hobby is in
' lines to memory so as to he
peat ha kward extracts from
authors. He thinks lie does m
author well tinless he is able
"one can get pretty nearly ev
the way of literature from
And Mr Carnegie can quote
page of it.
It is generally supposed th;
Jay Gould was, completely v
in railroads. Yet his pet hohi
steamship. Every time a new
came to port Mr. Gould wa
them all manner of leading quest
drew freely upon their store o
edge. "How much did. this co
"What is the advantage of it
ills favorite questions. Many pers
credit to the engineers or buiide
Pacific Mail Steamship Comr/t
for introducing new ideas, /the
innovations with few exceptions t
gested by Mr. Gould.
icience, the government house facing the ! their homes by the simple expedient of
plaza being the place of administration. |”‘ lllvin S growing plants in their rooms?" !
This last is associated with many per- j was the K,st of Dr - Bartlett’s remarks.!
sons and incidents of historic interest. A Her paper w " s on “ Flowers in the sick- j
heavy coquina wall at one time surround- r °^"' arul 1,1 part ‘ sh f s ai ' ,;
Growing plants, and especially odor- 1
iferous flowering plants, are of the great
est value in tlie treatment of tlie sick.
As long as the plants are kept moist they
will diffuse power to produce ozone. !
Some plants will vaporize the atmos- !
pnere to tlie amount of three times their
own weight in a day. in this way the j
atmosphere of a sickroom can be made t
of the greatest benefit. The only danger- ;
ous plants u
ed the house.
The question of which is the very oldest
house in St. Augustine will doubtless
continue a disputed one. Some claim
i it is tile old house on Sift. Francis street,
j others the Worth house facing tlie bay:
then there is the Whitnei house, the
library building, tile Fashio house, the
old curiosity shop on St. George street,
and the museum building at the foot of
[ Treasury—that quaint old street so nar-
j row at on
■ either side
, seems no way to arrive at certaintv
place In tne sickroom are
those which give off unpleasant odors,
end that two persons on its j Care should be taken, however, not to
an shake hands across There I keep cut flowers in the rooms at night.
They throw off carbon tiioxide, but dur
ing the daytime the amount of oxygen
c antin'.
Charlotte Street, St. Augustine.
Being Made A complete Legal Afivisio-.
f plain and ornamental Penmanship, a comp.ete j-aganning against the encroacbmqat of the sea, |
Caicnki'tor and Farmer’s Reckone^^ ^ Cotfcm Tjh; „. n(>ai , ure . i which in heavy e-dfi storms dashes over
! tlie distinction must, apparently
! to lie shared.
Now St. Augustine is to a great extent
j painfully modern., but tlie glory of tne
; Ponce de I>eon and the Alcazar and Cor-
j dova so overshadows the lesser buildings
; that discontent Is lost in delight, and
j the deep satisfaction afforded by the
I Spanish Renaissance style of architecture
in the two former—the Cordova docs not
follow the same, but
ehitectura! monuments of the warring
! ages of the past; vast piles of masonty
I which grew with the increments of hun-
| dreds of years, amid tlie conflicts of Ro
man and Goth and Moor and Christian."
OLD PCNCE DE LEON.
Tlie historic symbolism of decoration
of the Ponce de Leon is found at the
very gateway of the court in the lion's
masque ornamenting each of the gate
posts—the heraldic lion of Leon, the
neutralizes the harmful ef-
they product
fects.
he chief cause of colds is found in I
the habit of going from heated buildings 1
into the cold street, if people could only ;
be prevailed upon to maintain an equa- J
ble temperature and humidity by having i
plants growing in their homes and places [
of business the danger of taking cold j
would be practically eliminated.”
in a paper on “The Flowers' Best ■
rriend" Dr. C. C. Scnmucker paid strong I
"recalls those ar- j tribute to the bumble bee.
“Upon this abused insect's distribution
of tlie seed we are almost absolutely de- j
pendent for our crops of clover,” he ]
said. “You must have noticed that the j
first crop is always much smaller titan i
the second. Tiiat is because early in the!
year the bees are abroad in much small
er number than later."
r"t?rP.\f Timber. Lumber. Logs
- * —* 1 • “ ■ - - • _ orn iiiustratioi
etc.. In
rvjsinezs educator; brought home to every purchaser. I
HlACmCAlr ani PLAIN: 500 agents wanted at once. Boys j
artj girls can sell o.i well f.£p| e « in one day. Another 210 in one
One agent l n ail day and said a oopy at every home,
week. Agents have agents. Send 25c for outfit; sat-
Selling price $1.50. Liberal^ ,. efundwJ) .
Fraction guaranteed Cor NICHOLS & CO . ATLANTA. GA.
Circulars fraa •
the top of the wall.
MOAT AND DRAWBRIDGE.
The city gates, also of coquina rocks,
consist of two square pillars, 20 feet
in height and 10 feet thick, surmounted
with Moorish capitals, on the inner side
of which are built sentry boxes, much
COLUMBIA VEHICLES
200 Styles.
and HARNESS ore right
in quality, workmanship. s*rle
ana pri o V c arc practical
buff* maker* an! aril duett 3.
fae*ory pric~B Mead for onr
FPEE CAT A LOO explainer
our DAYS’ free trial plat
and twa years' guarantee.
Columbia Mfg& Supply Co. 51 cisdn««t". cl*"
ONE SINCERE MOURNER.
(Front The Chicago News.)
The lawyer was drawing up Enpeck’s
will.
"i hereby bequeath all my property i
to my wife," dictated Enpeck. “Got
that down?"
"Yes," answered the attorney.
“On condition." continued Enpeck.
"that site marries again within a year.”
“But why that condition?" asked tlie
man of law.
''Because," answered the meek and
loving testator, "i want somebody to
be sorry’ that I died. See?” j
in Old St. Augustine.