Newspaper Page Text
EDITORIAL PAGE
THE SUNNY SOUTH
APRIL A '90S.
&/>e SUNNY SOUTH
Published Weekly by
Sunny South Publishing Co
Busine/s Office
THE CONSTITUTION BUILDING
ATLANTA, GEORGIA
Subscription Terms:
To those who subscribe
to CKs Sunny South only
Jijt Months, 25c ^ One Year, 50c
LESS THAN A PENNY A WEEK
Entered at the poetefBce Atlanta, Ga.,aa aecend-claei mall matter
March 13, 1901
aV
The Sunny South la the oldeat meekly payer ef Literature,
Romance, Fad and Fldtlon In the South & St la now re*
Jtored to the original shape and will be publlahed ua for*
merly every week & Rounded In 1974 U grew until IS99,
when, aa a monthly, Ita form maa changed aa an eaperl*
ment & St nom returna to Ua original formation aa a
meekly mlth renemed vigor and the Intention of ectlpa*
ing Its moat promlalng period In the paat.
developed, too, with proper effort and persistence.
Where it has been ignored for many years, the
problem presented, of course, is a rather difficult
one since we are largely habit-governed creatures.
But a proper exertion of the will, reinforced by or
dinary intelligence, may usually be depended upon
to turn the trick in due season. And the new
avenues of pleasure and growth, the diverting
friendships, the broader viewpoint from which we
look out on life, are ample rewards for the energy
! and self-repression occasionally necessary to the
achievement.
j People, like books, are made to be studied as
| well as enjoyed, and some of them supply us with
visdom and amusement which we can never en
counter within the lifeless covers of the printed
volume. And, as with books, we must come into
close personal contact before appreciating their
meritorious qualities.
We would deem that man foolish who confined
his association with books to an inspection of their
binding. Equally so are those unfortunates who
attempt to estimate their fellow-beings from a
casual and sometimes a prejudiced examination of
the conventional exterior.
Sociability and the Binding
of Books
AN is by nature gregarious. Some
are less so than others and a certain
percentage are afflicted with what
might be termed, rather dubiously,
intensely reserved sociability. In
other words, the social instinct is
there in very vital proportions, but
unusual stimulation is necessary to
bring it into active play. Such men
arc often branded as taciturn, moody
and exclusive when, as a matter of
fact, the only things needed to thaw
them into congenial and enjoyable J
sociability are a little tact and a lit
tle patience. It very often occurs
that this species is often the most entertaining sort,
once you have penetrated the bulwark of their
aeserve. As a rule they are better informed than
the more loquacious variety, and of more seasoned
mental and conversational power. We are all ac
quainted with the man and the woman whose ap-
proachability is manifest the very second we are
introduced to them, by an endless stream of chat
ter, insipid, banal or mischievous as the case may
be. The ideal social being is easier of definition
than discovery. With either sex, it is the man or
woman who meets jour advances with frank cor
diality, who, with practiced deftness, ascertains
with the least possible fumbling the tastes
you really hold in common; who, with
out Affectation or offensive patronage, creates a
sort of makeshift mutual interest if none actually
exists; who is not priggish, or soulful or too intense
or too sensitive or dogmatic—but here we begin
to mold such an ideal figure as to approach the im
possible, or at least the superhuman.
Still, there are few people who have not met indi
viduals endowed with several of these qualities, and
^whoever has done so, will agree that they make the
most delightful of companions and—speaking
broadl}’—that they have met with a certain degree
of success or happiness not meted to the inadaptable
man or woman.
Which brings us to a very vital point—that it dis
tinctly paj's to be sociable. If jou have the right
The Pathos of Nicholas’
Personality
HE diplomatists of the world os well as
those folk of lesser pretensions w r ho,
nevertheless, follow the course of
events with equally keen and dis
criminate interest, made up their ver
dict on the character and tempera
ment of Nicholas of Russia long ago.
Conflicting as are the reports ema
nating from St. Petersburg regarding
the personality of this most screened
of rulers, no one has yet been fund to
maintain that the czar possessed a
trace of that masterfulness of spirit
essential to the true exponent of absolutism. Since
he has not, in a single act, evinced a trenchant indi
viduality, the world is bound to accept the judg
ment which, in spite of the disclaimers of his de
fenders, brands him as a weakling.
The current McClure’s magazine affords a most
unique study of this unhappy monarch by Perceval
Gibbon, who has had access to some of the notable
representatives of the reactionary and liberal
cliques at the Russian court. The following extract
pictures vividly a personality which, while arousing
the pity of those judging the man aside from his
kingly state, at the same time explains largely Rus
sia’s present plight rising from the lack ol one de
termined head focussing the empire’s manj r diverg
ing strands of power:
The czar's temperament lacks the calm balance, the
level callousness, which are characteristic of the noble
Russian. At all times nervous, an easy prey to gloom and
depression, he runs at whiles to the opposite extreme, the
very apex of hysteria. Officers at court have seen him
weep like a woman, with fits in which his voice trembles
to an emasculate treble, and flashes in a scream. He
poises always over the edge of an emotional crisis, and,
when he effects elm, he gives it evidence in a reckless
ruthlessness which even De Plel^ve could not eexcel.
Mr. Gibbon then proceeds to retail facts about
the grand ducal oligarch}', confirming the previous
reports in which that body has been portrayed in no
admirable light. Of mediocre mental ability, moral
ly depraved and vicious, mercenary and cruel to a
degree and engaged constantly in the lowest forms
kind of sociability you own a valuable asset in any j of selfish intrigue, one does not have to look far to
business requiring you to mingle more or less con
stantly with strangers. Other things being equal,
the head of a business who has the disposal of an
discover the source of the inherent weakness of the
< mpire in facing a foreign foe. Where they are not
inert dead-weights, they are represented as vultures
i.rder of goods, would rather give it to a man attrac- battening at the expense of the people and losing
live personally than one given to disregarding hu-j no opportunity of fortifying their own perpetuity
man angles. The world never held an employer who j of power at the great cost of popular liberty and
would not prefer advancing an employee of frank
and genial manners, merit being conceded, over one
of sour or unsmiling personality. It is the secret of
the success of nine-tenths of our preachers, law
yers, politicians—any professional man whose status
depends on his grasp on the esteem of many people.
Socially, the properly developed gregarious facul
ty- is of equal value. The man or the woman who
has the knack of meeting strangers gracefullj-, of
holding their attention, of making them feel at case
without any undue assertion of personality, is likely
to receive twenty invitations where the awkward
customer receives one. They are likewise alwaj r s
sure of a genuine welcome, whereas that extended
to an individual of less pronounced geniality is in-
x ariabty of a more or less perfunctorj r nature. This
holds true, too—that popularity of a social nature
eften opens doors of business opportunity which
would otherwise remain either hermetically sealed
t>r oppose a decidedly difficult problem.
Unless one be of abnormal fabric the instinct of
sociability, invariably latent in all of us, may be
salient reforms without which the mighty resources
of the empire can never be developed to their largest
extent.
The brains and patriotism of the country are de
clared to be outside of the nobility, and even when
this virile element suggests measures looking to
ward evolution from the present deplorable condi
tion, it is checkmated by the sinister, all-powerful
nfluence of the grand dukes whose prestige and
sinecures are thereby menaced. The most sardonic
feature is the fact that to the world this corrupt
medievalism is disguised bj r a cloak of brilliant
exterior and ultra-culture.
Were Nicholas a man of force and initiative he
could combat these evil influences, or mould them
to his will as did Ivan the Terrible, Peter the Great,
or even Alexander II. As it is, weak, vacillating,
easily duped and a prey to superstition rather than
religion, blind to the venality and immortality of
the glib-tongued men about him, he is one of the
most pathetic figures in the long line of the inept
royalty of history. >
Leaves from an Old
Scrap Book
By A GEORGIA COLONEL.
N 1863 the Atlanta Rebel
published tlTe following
war story: “A gentleman
at Charleston told an
amusing incident that oc
curred at Hilton Head Is
land. Private Gibbes, of
Charleston, was captured
and sent to Hilton Head,
and a negro. In uniform
and armed, was placed as
guard over him. A mis
chievous idea occurred to
Gibbes to test the negro's
sense of ‘freedom and equality with the
white man.’ So stepping up to him in aa
unguarded moment, 'Gibbes asked him
authoritatively, ‘Whom do you belong
to?’ Taken by surprise, the negro an
swered submissively; ‘To de ’sti*te of
Geddls on de main, sir,” meaning an es
tate on the mainland; then, recollecting
his changed condition, he walled his
eyes angrily at Gibbes and said: ‘L«ook
erei Stand off dare. Didn’t you know
T put here to guard you? I belong to
Mister General Hunter and myself now.’
and he strutted forward and back with
pompous dignity.”
UNDER BUTLER’S RULE.
The Ma con Telegraph contained the
following in 1864:
“A gentleman riding in oi*e of file city
railroad cars with his sister recently,
the latter was rudely pushed by a negro
who just entered. The brother knocked
him down immediately; the negro got
up and drew a revolver on the gentle
man, who beat him soundly. The gentle
man was, of course, arrested, on com
plaint of tile negro. When the case
came on, in a day or two, Provost Mar
sha i Kj.born said he was not acquainted
with either of the ‘gentlemen,’ and In
sultingly added, that as he could not
tell the white man from the negro, he
w r ould thank the white man 'to stand up
and answer the charge. The gentleman
W'as sent to jail for one week for strik
ing the negro, and the nigger was fined
S>5 for drawing a weapon! The aboli
tionists boast that they have 200,000
negroes in and around New Orleans. The
number is certainly very large; but
more idle, filthy, lazy, degraded lookin
set of wretches never were seen; they
can hardly be made to cook and wash
for themselves, and the abolitionists ale
greatly perplexed in trying to manage
them.”
A STORY OF STUART.
Tlie following story about ‘‘Jeb” Stu
art was published in the Richmond
Whig. General Stuart was nicknamed
‘'Beauty.”
‘‘A friend in the army encloses us til*
following piquant memento of the stir
ring little ‘brush,’ the I I th inst., at Lew-
indate. On that occasion a Yankee
force, 2,000 strong, had come out from
their entrenchments to ‘hold, occupy and
possess,’ as is believed, a certain import
ant strategic point in the neighborhood
of Fall’s church, but, as they afterwards
pretended, only to reconnolter. What
ever may have been their purpose, they
were foiled, driven back and staippeded
by that terrible young horseman, Col
onel Stuart, who full upon them in his
dashing style, killing wounding and cap
turing enough to make their return to
camp sensibly less Imposing than their
set out had been. McClellan was him
self present In this affair, and partici
pated ir the 2:4C'‘retreat, fine qf the
junior officers of the expedition was a
saucy lieutenant of engineers, named
Poe, an old acquaintance of Stuart's.
Just before the appearance of the latter
at the head of his famous horsemen,
Poe had amused himself with the follow
ing piece of Yankee audacity:
"‘Lewindale, September II, 1861.
" ‘ M y Dear Beauty: I’m sorry that
circumstances are such that I can’t have
Along' the Hig'Hway
By FRANK L. STANTON
J
THE NEW EASTER BONNET.
Ain’t no Easter bonnets now like what
they use ter be—
The ones they looked so sweet in ter
the ol’-time boys an’—me;
They fix ’em up in finer style—with
millinery strung;
Ain’t nuthin’ like our sweethearts
wore when you an’ me wuz
young!
Ain’t nothin’ like the bonnets of the
ol’ days in the dells
When we heard the halleluias of the
welcome Easter bells;
Thar wuzn’t so much color then, in
vitin’ of the view,
But yer sweetheart wore the lilies an’
the violets fer you!
An’ jest a plain, bright bonnet, that
wuz slylisher ter me
Than all the millinery I shall ever
live to see!
Yer sweetheart smiled beneath it—a
pictur’ framed in white.
In fields “arrayed in livin’ green”—
by “rivers of delight.”
It’s right enough ter wear ’em, fixed
up with this an’ that—
With a poor, stuffed bird a-starin’
from the middle of the hat;
But fer me they’re no attraction, in
the flamin’ winders hung—
I sigh fer them our sweethearts wore
when you an’ me wuz young.
A GEORGIA BOY ON SPRING.
Spring is the most pleasantest sea
son of the year, ’cept Christmas an’
Fourth July. It is then that Ma tells
Pa to take down the stovepipe, an’
the stovepipe breaks in two or three
pieces, an’ the sut falls on Pa’s head,
an’ runs down his neck, an’ Pa says
dam the stovepipe, an’ Ma stops her
ears an’ says he’ll never git to heaven
if he don’t keep his Mouth shut. In
springtime Pa takes me fishin’, an’
says the b6st way to carry Bait is in
a Jug, as the Bait might wiggle out of
a Can. Then he tells me to fish,
while he keeps the Flies off the Jug,
and when evenin’ comes, an’ it’s time
to go Home, Pa says he’s so tired that
He wish I’d run Home’ an’ tell the
hired man to fetch a Wheelbarrow for
Him. An’ when he gits Home he tells
Ma that he reckons he’s Boss of that
house; an’ Ma takes him by the Ear
an’ leads him to Bed. Yes, Spring is
the most pleasantest season of the
year.
THE HEREDITARY COLONEL.
He ready fer de battle—
Fer de thunder en de flood;
His daddy wuz a kunnel,
En hit runnin’ in his blood,—
Oh, believers.
Blow de battle ho’n!
He boun’ ter be a fighter
Fer a kunnel he wuz bo’n!
He li’l’ off on water—
Lak’ de people er his state;
Kase his daddy wuz a kunnel,
En he take his licker straight,—
Oh, believers.
Blow de battle ho’n!
He boun’ ter be a fighter
Fer a kunnel he wuz bo’n!
En neither flood or fire
G-wine ter lay him on de shelf, |
Though dey say his sword is higher,
Dan he measure up hisself.—
I
Oh, believers.
Blow de battle ho’n!
He boun’ ter be a fighter
Fer a kunnel he wuZ bo’n!
Ghe Busy World
The rumors of peace in the Russo-Jap.
anesc war which have simmered through
the world press for the last three wee ,
have taken definite form at D~t in re
ports from St. Petersburg. The czar»
government is reported to have made ten
tative peace proposals to Japan, looking
^owu-d tn outlining of the terms on
which the mikado will agree to suspend
hostilities. It is rumored «
has expressed the determination to yield
neither territory or cash indem y.
that on collateral issues is disposed to re
liberal in granting concessions.
Vp to the time of going to .press Japan
bad made no positive answers to the
provisional Russian proffer, and it is un
certain what trend her reply will tak-
It is thought most likely that she will
insist on a heavy cash indemnity and a
cession of sovereignity in M ^ nc ^ lUr a “
Korea. It is likewise Intimated that
Russia may save her face and yet meet
the Japanese demands by a secret ag.ee
ment contraversing the published P‘ ace
treaty.
ENOR DON MAX-
UEL DE AZPIROZ,
aged 69, Mexico’s
first ambassador to
the United States, is
dead at Washing! m
Death was due to a
relapse caused by
exposure on inaugu
ration day.
When the revolu
tion of Tuxtepe-,
under General P >r-
firio Diaz, overthrew
r ^ the existing govern-
Sanor JiaPlrou
ment Colonel Azpiroz retired to pm -t.
REMEMBERED THE WAY.
The dim house in the distance
And a heart with quickened beat;
Sure, the May is here in music—
There are violets on the street!
And the morning air is incense, and ; llte j„ jj a y, |890. he became assist.me
its every breath is sweet!
O loop the love-laced curtains.
Sweet spirits, loved of yore,
And let the vine-wreathed windows
Frame her dear face once more!
With the roses leaning near it, an4
the starlight streaming o’er!
In the world are faces—faces,:
They are beautiful, and fair
As the sunlight of the Maytime,
When the blooms are in the air,
And the rose is for the asking—reel
ing, reddening everywhere!
But her face was fairer—fairer
Than the world’s fair faces seem,
And her eyes bright as a dewdrop
In a lily's heart a-gleam,
And that face haunts Love forever
like the phantom of a dream.
Then loop the love-laced curtains,
Sweet spirits, pitying pain,
And let that faee make morning
In the dreaming world again;
For my heart is burning—yearning,
and my cheeks are wet with
rain!
Southern K ao ^ in and Its
^ Rich Commercial Possibilities &
Rich Commercial Possibilities
IN TWO PARTS—PART 1.
By HELEN HARCOURT.
Writen for Hf>a Sunny South
AOLIN is the name ap
plied to the pure^, white
clay that forms the most
( Important Ingredient in
the manufacture of porce
lain. It is almost the pro
duct of the alteration of
feldspar, and is always
found In association with
fclspathic rocks, usually
granite. The name ka >-
lin is derived from a cer
tain hill near King-tih-
chin, in China, the hill
tne pleasure of seeing you, although ** being named KaoIing or .. ]ofty hill.”
near you. Griffin says he would like to . „ , . , ’ . '
Fascinating Evolution of the World’s Architecture
(From T'he Boston Transcript.)
NE of the most interesting
and Instructive papers ol
the season was that pre
sented at the last meet
ing of the Boston Scien
tific Society by Dr. John
S. Flagg, entitled ’’Ethnic
Influences in Architec
ture.”
The earliest refuges of
man, the lecturer said,
were undoubtedly the
caves and fissures in the
rocks, of which he dis
puted occupancy with the cave bears
and other wild creatures of his times.
In Africa it has been the custom for
no one knows how long a time for the
apes to pluck the large leaves to lay
over themselves as a covering during
times of repose. Man In the same coun
tries did the same, but advanced, so that
frequently several large leaves were
plucked, their ends stuck into the ground
and their tips brought together, forming
the conical hut, the strength of which
was later increased by the simple opei-
tion of tying the tips together.
Tills pattern of hut is world-wide
among the aborigines, being represented
by the wigwam of our Indians and the
conical tents or lodges oif other nations.
The Eskimo igloo, built as it Is of Ice,
is not of this nature, but may be re
ferred rather to the type of cave, being
merely an artificial cave in the ice. As
civilisation progressed the huts were
made .larger and were gradually elevat
ed from the ground. In modern architec
ture the type prevails In the many con
ical roofs or towers which abound in all
civilized lands.
them, seem to have been in the lost "At
lantis,” which, however, the legend has
mislocated, for it was in the Pacific
ocean. All of the islanders agree in
having some form of legend which makeo
their present islands but the mountain
tops of a great land. A study of the
skulls of the peoples living today at
the extremities of the former continent,
separated today by thousands of miles
of ocean, shows them to be typically the
same; the sculptured relics of Mexico and
Yucatan exhibit carved in the stone the
forms of animals of the Asian type,
which ito our knowledge never lived on
our continent. The forms of their mon
uments, many elements in decoration
and other items point to a civilization
like that of ancient India as the origin
of the beliefs and practices of the ar
chitecture of the newer world.
Returning to a consideration of the
old relics of India. Dr. Flagg showed
how the religion influenced the architec
ture. Disregarding the earliest forms ol
the religion of fear, he considered Shiva
worship. Shiva was the creative god
and the destructive one; he created life
only to destroy it. He was a form ot
the sun myth and an outgrowth of the
sun worship, but his influence upon the
religion was a gloomy, fatalistic one.
There was really no object in living save
to be destroyed. Juggernaut was one
of the phases of the belie£, In which the
destructive feature was at Its maxi
mum.
INDIA AND ITS SAVIOR.
Next to India came Krishna, the sav
ior. He was born of a virgin at the
time of the winter solstice, was repre
sented as accompanied throughout his
life by an intimate friend, their figures
adorning the entrances of ithc temples.
In these it is said that there Is a repast
The beginnings of things, as we know j commemorated, which some have likened,
l to the late supper, and it is further
claimed that in these temples appears
in inscription of love which is a portion
of a savior’s religion, the Sanscrit equiv
alent of “Peace on earth, and unto men
good will.” The architecture from this
point, of departure takes on a more
cheerful aspect, although retaining its
endless repetition of the same or similar
sculptures.
All of these religions were phases of
sun worship, the beneficent sun, now,
which sheds his rays over the earth to
bring forth life, and the many rites of
the worship were celebrated. One of
these, the welcoming ana adoring of the
sun from the top of the sacred moun
tain, was a most important one.
This it is that has given to Fujiyama
Its sacredness, for during hundreds of
years the welcome to the sun and its
adoration were ceremonies performed on
its summit. It was welcomed with fire,
which had to be produced by rubbing
sticks together, and as his rays appear
ed these were held aloft in a form which
is said to have given the cross its em
blematic nature. The cross was a re
ligious symbol and entered into religious
aichltecture centuries before the Chris
tian era.
Now, for those countries which had
r<o mountains it became customary for
the religious bodies to build mountains
from the summits of which to perform
the rites of the relligons, each and every
one of them some development of sun
worship; And so the world over there
aie towers, temples and pyramids which
there Is reason to believe were built for
worship, which, whether the true sun
worship, fire worship or some of the
degenerate variants, had rites to be per
formed by the priests on an elevation..
The magnificent temples of India rising
have you dine with him at Willard s at
5 o’clock in Saturday next. Keep your
‘Black Horse’ off me, if you please.
“ Tours, etc.,
“ ‘ORLANDO M. POE.
“ ‘J. E. B. Stuart, 2 miles beyond Fall's
Church.
“ ‘Please answer both the note and
Griffin’s invitation.’
On the back of the note is endorsed
Colonel Stuart’s ‘answer,’ as follows:
“ T have the honor to report that ‘‘cir
cumstances were such’ that they could
have seen me had they stopped to look
behind, and I “answer both” at th® can
non’s mouth. Judging from his spe ;d.
Griffin surely left for Washington to
hurry up the dinner.
“ ’J. E. B. STUART.’ ”
DAVIS IN THE FIELD.
The Richmond correspondent of the
Charleston Mercury wrote the following
in October, 1863:
“The president left Richmond some
days ago for a visit to the Army of
Tennessee. It is said that he left
Thursday, but so far we have heard
nothing- of his arrival in Georgia. We
hope, however, that It is true. there
are sad derangements in General
Bragg's army, and, perhaps, conten
tions. regarding its future movements,
and the president is the very man to set
tle all disputes and point out the right
move in the field. His fiat issued, we
snail have no more of discontents and
uncertainties. It is a well known fact
that his influence with the army ig next
to unbounded. All know that his decis
ions are law. and that it is worse than
useless to combat them. In the army
they are regarded as settlements, final
and irrevocable. The country will be
pleased to have him shed the light of
his military genius and great goQd sense
over the present scene of operations in
Tennessee. No man can do so much to
bring order out of confusion and reduce
discord to harmony.’
(CONTINUED ON LAST PAGE.)
PLATINUMS POPULARITY.
(From The New York Evening Post.)
It was only a few years ago that plati
num, as an article of commerce, was
worth comparatively little for jewelry,
and was little use- Now it Is almost
as valuable as gold. The present price
is SI.01 a penny-weight, while that of
24 karat gold is about $1.03 a penny
weight. Manufacturing jewelers in New
York are put to their wit's end to get a
sufficient supply of platinum to. meet
the demand. By a curious evolution of
fashion platinum is more and more sup
planting gold for necklaces and some
other articles of jewelry. It is harder
than gold. It does not tarnish, and it is
regarded as forming a firmer and more
durable setting for precious stones than
gold.
About all the world’s platinum supply
comes from Siberia, and is controlled by
Russian monopol^s. The Russian-Jap-
anese war hM been made a new pretext
for increasing the prices of the material.
The men who own the platinum deposits
operate a plan similar to that of the De
Beers diamond syndicate in Soiftli Amer
ica. They skillfully -regulate their sales
so as never to place too much, of the
metal on the market at any one time.
They allow the demand to exceed the
supply and thus enhance the value of
their product.
Tlie clay from this hill attracted the at
tention of a Jesuit missionary, who was
stationed at Kingtihchin, in tlie early
part of the eighteenth century. Notic
ing the use to which the natives put tlie
beautiful white clay, this wise Jesuit
sent some of It to Europe. He called it
kaolin, and tlie name is now universally
applied to this white clay, wherever
found, although other .names are used lo
cally.
For instance, in Cornwall, England,
where large quantities of it are mined,
it is called “Cornish clay.”
The shipment of the white clay by the
Jesuit attracted attention to other clays
in England and Europe, and it was but
a short time before a similar clay was
found in Aue, Saxony. This clay was
eagerly seized upon by a well known pot
ter, Bottcher by name, and used by him
in the manufacture of porcelain. it
was then, and by this man, that the
foundation was laid for the great fac
tory as Meissen, for producing the now
famous Dresden china. The kaolin of
Cornwall was first unearthed by William
Cockworlhv of Plymouth, in 1775. This
discovery resulted in .the manufacture of
“hand paste” china, at Plymouth and
Bristol. Cockworthy called the clay he
discovered “caulin.”
The basis of pure kaolin is a crystal
line substance called kaolinite, which is
regarded as a distinct mineral species,
a Kyurated silicate of aluminum. When
examined under the microscope this min
eral is seen in the shape of crystalline
pearly scales. There Is, chemically,
somewhat of a msstery about kaolin.
Its production from felspar is rather dif- ) fenced,
ficult to explain, for sometimes the ai- '
teration is observed under conditions
that seem to preclude the possibility of
atmospheric agencies. It is not simply
the effect of water charged with carbonic
acid, by which the felspar might be de
composed, and its alkaline silicate re
mained to be dissolved, while the silicate
of aluminum remained behind in a hy
drated condition, as kaolin in ching. clay.
Many chemists have been inclined to at
tribute the decomposition of the felspar
to the effects of water^ or watery vapor
at a high temperature and charged with
hydrofluoric and boric acids. At ill
events, it is certain that ffuor spar,
lepidolite and schul, are eommon'v asso
ciated with kaolin. This beautiful white
eluy is used not alone in the manufac
ture of pottery, of the finer grades, but
is also extensively employed In paper-
making and for bleaching calicoes. It
is also used in the manufacture of alum
and in some other chemical products.
OF RECENT ORIGIN.
It has only been within a compar*
tively few years that the kaolin used In
the United States in making any of the
finer grades of china and porcelain, has
been obtained from American mines.
Nearly all of It was imported from Eu
rope. Some kaolin, it is true, came from
one or two western /dates, and a little
was found here and there in the middle
and New England states, but this was
of inferior quality. It was necessary to
bring the clay for fine work all the way
across the ocean at a cost of $18 a ton.
with $2.50 import duty added. Many of
the large American factories have not
yet awakened to the fact that, they can
now procure a better than the European
article right here at home'with no duty
to pay. This is doubtless due to tlie
knowledge that the home mined kaolin
of the past was of ap inferior grade, and
| could only be used in making the cheap
er wares.
The recent discoveries of kaolin in
Georgia, South Carolina, arid especially
In Florida, have changed the entire as
pects of the kaolin trade, as it will
shortly do with that of the making of
the finest sorts of china and porcelain.
All of the southern deposits are of fine
quality, but especially is this true as
regards that of Florida. The pure white
clay from the mines of this state have
been pronounced by experts in the man
ufacture of poreclain, after repeated
tests, to be the finest, not only in the
United Staes, but in the world. It has
been demonstrated to the proprietors of
the famous china factories at Dresden,
that their native clay, heretofore deemed
the finest to be found anywhere, is of a
lower grade than the best Florida kaolin.
The chief point of superiority in this lat
ter clay is in the absence of magnesia
and albumen, each of which is detrimen
tal to the tenacity of the clay, and can
only be washed out, when present, at
great cost, especially when the kaolin
has to be transported to any distance in
its crude state.
Of course, there was a good deal of
scepticism to be conquered a s to the real
merits of the southern kaolin. The two
largest factories in the United States, one
in Ohio, the other in New Jersey, prac
tically monopolize the home pottery in
dustry. One of these is in Ohio, the
other in New Jersey. Until very recent
ly, all the iinest grades of porcelain used
in the United Sttaes came from Europe
or England. This is still the case to a
great extern, but our factories are begin-
“ oods, because of
Sir William May
ning to make finer „ ,
these new kaolin beds”of thesouthland*
Their production of the finer wares is
all the more limited at present, because
tlxey have about alt they can do to meet
the demand for the cheaper grades of
china that are in use in every |,o me in
the land. For this reason the American
competition in the finest kinds of porce
lain has not yet become tb e factor in
the European trade that’it surely will
within a few- years, as 'bur factories in
crease, and confidence in the American
kaolin grows. The present factories are
inadequate to supply the demand for
common wares, their orders coming not
only from their own country, but from
South America. But these conditions are
nearing their close. The recent discov
ery of immense kaolin beds in Florida,
added to those already known to exist in
the south, must shortly give an Impetus
to the erection of new potteries and the
manufacture of the finest grades of por
celain. Already the movement has com-
FLORIDA KAOLIN.
Ten years ago, when the Florida kaolin
first began to attract attention, the big
pottery at Trenton, N. J., ordered “A
constant flow’ ’of crude kaolin to be
shipped fi'Om the Palatlakaha mines at
Richmond, in Lake county, some 6 miles
west of Leesburg. The “flow” rolled
into the pottery faster than the manu
facturers had thought possible, and they
soon wrote, “Enough—give us sixty days
rest, for 'further testings.” When the
sixty days were up, the “flow” was or
dered to be continued. “Your kaolin is
of the right sort,” wrote the head of the
firm. “Send it on steadily till further
notice.” The further notice was not
given till twenty thousand tons had been
shipped, and then it was only a tempo
rary halt, with a speedy resumption of
shipments. This pottery, formerly put
ting on the market only coarse, common
china, is now steadily increasing its out-,
put of fine grades, made from the Florida
kaolin.
The. kaolin deposits of Lake county,
Florida, are, fortunately for the investors,
almost invariably located on high, dry
lands. Those at Richmond, on the Pa
latlakaha river, for instance, have an
elevation of about 35 feet, and the kaolin
is found at an average depth of only 6
feet, with an overburden of easily re
moved soft sand. The clay is thus ob
tained at small cost compared with that
which comes from the depth of from 60
to over a 100 feet. Even at these
depths, kaolin is found only in pockets
in hard rocks. These pockets can only
be reached by drilling, after which water
Is forced into them, and the clay puddled
In its hiding place before it can be raised
secretary of foreign relations in the cabi-
ret of General* Diaz and held that po
sition until his appointment- as the firs;
ambassador of Mexico to the United
States. . ,
Tlie imperall house of Austria 4 w<i.-
has taken the position that Senor ty
piroz, through his connection with the
court martial of Maximilian, was in P-<r:
responsible for the latter’s execution,
and during the early days of the sei; »
of Mr. Azpiroz here this fact prove
keen embarrassment to himself and ■
Austrian representative. Finally, how
ever it was arranged that when bro i„h.
together at social functions these 'wo
diplomats should exchange formal greet.
UST appointed com
mander la chief nt
the Atlantic fleet,
with the King Ed
ward VII, the big-*
gest and most pow
erful fighting craf*
In commission^ as
his flagship. / Vic
Admiral Sir William
H. May is jpjferaliy
regarded aa com
ing man In
ish navy,
liam H. May
years old, but looks a good teij
younger. He entered the navy asi . iiio-
shtpmite when he was 14, and has climb'd
the ladder ol promotion without the a.d ot
any Influence other than his own merit.
He has no actual war service to hi s
credit, but he can at least claim to
have extended the British empire, for
when in command of the Imperieuse on
the China station he annexed Christmas
island and thus planted another red s, ot
on the maps.
author, Jules
is dead as the resu'’
of an attack of p ‘
ralysts sustained tn
weeks ago. Verne
was probably tho
leading author of h!=
day of the purely
imaginary school.
He created such
books as “Around
the World in Eighty
Days,” “Twenty
Jules Ve’-ne Thousand Leagues
Under the Sea.” “The Mysterious Isl
and,” etc., nearly all of which were sig
nalized by a wonderful fertility of fancy,
a remarkable push of scientific facts
and an unusual store of geographical
love. For the last months of his life
he had labored and lndefatigably, even
though stricken by blindness.
CONTINUED ON PAGE 9.
MEMORABLE INAUGURATIONS
(C. M. Harvey in Leslie's Weekly.)
When, on April 30, 1789. George Was
ington was inaugurated as the first presi
dent of the United States, the count r
had only eleven states (for North Cai"
lina and Rhode Island did not ratify tb»
constitution or come under the govern
ment until many months afterward), all
of which were east of the Alleghanies and
north of Florida, which was Spanish ter
ritory until a third of a century later.
New York city, then the national capital,
with its 4,000,000 inhabitants in 1905. has
1,000,000 more people and many billions
more wealth today than the entire United
States had at that time.
The 3,000,000 population of the United
States at the beginning of Washington's
presidency had increased to 5,000,000 at
the opening of Jefferson’s, Vermont, Ken
tucky and Tennesssee, admitted in the in
terval, brought the number of states up
to sixteen, but the country’s western
boundary was still at the Mississippi, and
still Spain's territory of east and west
Florida shut out the United States from
access to the Gulf of Mexico. With Jef
ferson's entrance into office in 1801 began
that democratic control of the government
which lasted till Lincoln's inauguration
in 1861. except during two short intervals
of whig sway.
“Today we have had the inauguration,’*
wrote Webster on March 4. 1829. at the
induction of Jackson into office. “A mon
strous crowd of people is in the citv l
never saw anything like it before Persons
have come 500 miles to see General Jack-
son, and they really seem to think tlie
country is rescued from some dreadful
danger.”
Said ex-Fresident John Quincy Adams
,“ ls Memoirs,” the “inauguration ot
M ffllam Henry Harrison as president was
celebrated with demonstrations of popular
feeling unexampled since tnat of Wash
" '789 ’’ This was on March 4.
1841. and Harrison’s triumph (he was u
whig) was the first defeat which the
seemingly invincible democracy had sus!
tamed smee Jefferson brought that pkrty
into flower forty years earlier. No pre-
vious inauguration brought to Waslifn®
The 12.000 P ^ a r n °habn n a t nts^f e tlfe tt Unl t ted
Issil
COOK BOOK.
fFrom The Rams Horn.)
M hen Philip VerriU Mighel s was gath-
JirrEs ^ Ms n ° Vel “ Br uwer
Jim s Baby, he ran across an old miner
v/ho unconsciously posed for r
acter of “If-Only Jim “ r his char ‘
where °the aIone ln his cabin,
wnere the hand of woman had never
been known, and dirt reigned triumphant
f "v. C . 0n ” er i iati0 , n turned upon, cooking.
Vans, drawled the old man, “I got
mo one o them there cook books wunst,
b ” t «JL never cou,d do nothin’ with it "
What was the trouble?” asked Yir
Mighels, persuasively.
"'tyiV’ fvery one o’ them receipts starts
°® with take a clean dish.’ ”