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THE (OVVTIfITIOVILIST. BY JAMES GARDNER. OFFICE ON McINTOSH-STBEET, THIRD DOOR FROM THR NORTH-WEST CORNER OF BROAD-STRKKT. TERMS: Daily, in advance per annum $6 00 If not in advance per annum 7 00 Tri-Weekly, in advance.. per anuum.... 4 00 If not in advance per annum 5 00 Weekly, in advance per annum 200 Discount for C'ccbs. OTJB “JOB” OFFICE. Having recently added a variety of New Stpdes of TYPE to our Job Department, we are prepared to execute every description of LETTER PRESS PRINTING! In a superior manner, and on reasonable terms. Among the assortment arc some Mammoth Type for POSTERS. WEDNESDAY, FEB. SO. Scene in the Georgia Senate. An interesting episode occnrred in the Senate on Saturday afternoon, in the debate on the bill for the sale of the Western and Atlantic Railroad. Our Reporter gives but a faint sketch of it, though it is substantially correct as far as it gofcs. When the provision prohibiting citizens north of Mason' and Dixon’s line from taking stock in the proposed Western and Atlantic Railroad Compa ny was under consideration, Mr. Pore made an impassioned and spirit stirring appeal to the pa triotism and conservatism of the South, not to in corporate such a feature in its policy. He de nounced it as sectional, illiberal, and impolitic. He referred to the true and iried uational men of tho North, friends of the Constitution, and suppor ters of the equal rights of the South in the Union. He argued that the same influences which had in duced Northern men to vote for the Nebraska- Kansas acts, by which the Missouri restriction was obliterated, and these Territories opened to the equal participation with the North in its settle ment were still at work in the North, and were gaining strength there—that a healthy re-ac tion was going on in our favor, and in behalf of constitutional principles, aud that at this time an attempt to revive geographical lines, \ and increase sectional animosities, would come with an ill grace from a Southern State—from the State of Georgia, which had warmly ap proved of the abrogation of that sectional division, the Missouri compromise line—which the Nebras ka-Kansas bill accomplished. He spoke of Gen. Pierce in terms of commendation as a President who had proved himself a national man, and sound and reliable on the question of slaver}'. He had proved himself a friend to those Constitution al rights so vitally dear to the South, and urged that while he discharged so nobly the duties of his high position, the South should feel it to be her pride and her duty to strive to soothe the sectional irritation that was unhappily prevailing. The pro vision under consideration was a step towards a dissolution of the Confederacy and intestine strife. It should be the aim of every Georgian who loved his country, to seek to avert that result as long as it could be done consistently with the rights and honor of our State and section. At the allusion to President Pierce, tho Sena tor’s on the Democratic side could not be restrain ed, but responded with plaudits which were caught up in the lobby and gallery, in away to show un mistakably how warmly the conduct of President Pierce was approved, and how strong was his hold on the admiration of those present. Even some of the opposite side of the Senate indicated their sym pathy with the prevalent feeliug. Senator Welborn, of Whitfield, in reply, sta ted that if the exercise of the privilege by Georgia I of specifyingto whom she would prefer to sell her property, and whom she would exclude from the I list of purchasers^should be visited upon her with war and all its horrors, he would exclaim, let it come. As the Senator from Whitfield is understood to be a Minister of the Gospel, a fact to which Judge , Cone alluded in reply, the latter undertook to read . a lecture to the Reverend Senator for uttering sen timents so little in unison with the teachings of his Divine Muster, as disclosed in the New Testa- , ment,abook with which the Judge declared himself well acquainted. Mr. Welborn, interrupting, said he did not know, before, the grave Senator, whose head was whitened by sixty winters, had become a Bishop; to which the Judge replied, that though not a Bishop, he knew a great deal more of the Bible than many of the Priests. He then made an appeal against sectional divis ions aud lines drawn by unfriendly legislation deprecated war as not only the greatest of calam ities, but as the greatest wickedness and folly, ne expressed a hope that even in the short rem nant of his days, he should see a Congress of na tions organized to settle peacefully all disputes and controversies* He, also, expressed a belief that n great and healthy reaction was going on in the public mind at the North, in favor of the Constitution— that the mass of the people there, had been deluded by politicians for the purpose of gaining office and power, that it had succeeded in giving such men as Banks the Speaker’s Chair, but the people were now arousing up to the dangers to which this ex citement were tending, and would yet come back to their fidelity to the Constitution. He complimented President Pierce for his pa triotic course, and expressed his confidence in his soundness. He said the South could safely trust its vast interests in his keeping, as the chief mag istrate of this great Union. But the provision of the bill under discussion declared he could not be trusted by Georgia to hold stock in the Western and Atlantic railroad. He showed up the absurdi ty of such a position, and appealed to Senators to adopt a comprehensive and patriotic policy, which embraced the whole Union as our common coun try, and to move on in the peaceful progress of the great destiny that was before us as a great nation. In conclusion he exclaimed, I am for America now and America forever. He denied, in reply to Mr. Wellborn, that he had denounced Gen. Pierce as unsound, but had said be did not like some of his appointments. We have noticed this debate, or this portion of it, for two reasons, one to notice the compliment paid President Pierce, and the warm manner in which It was received. For tho hall again re sounded with applause when Judge Cone eu logized the President. The other, to do justice to Mr. Wellborn, who, though advocating the exclusion of stockholders from the North, did not express sentiments inconsistent with a Christian faith and a peaceful spirit. He said, in effect, he would welcome war and all its horrors, if forced upon us, for having exercised our unquestionable rights. We arc indebted to the polite attention of Mr. Stovall, Superintendent of the Road, for the state ment of produce shipped over the Rome railroad for the seven months ending January 31st, 1856: 145,733 bushels of Wheat; 14,081 bushels Corn; 123.441 pounds Flour, and 7,227 bales Cotton. Cotton shipped same period 1854-5, 6,748 bales, which shows an increase in the last seven months’ shipments of 460 bales. [Rome Commerceal Advertiser , Feb. I4t&. Col. Isaac D’Lyon, a worthy and popular citizen of Savannah, died in that city on Saturday last. A Very Important Case. The Washington Star says: One of the most im portant cases ever brought up for adjudication by the Supreme Court is now being tried before that august tribunal—No. 61, Drea Scott, plaintiff in error, 34. John F. A. Sanford. Mr. Montgomery Blair, for the plaintiff in error, aud the Hon. Messrs. Geyer and Reverdy Johnson for the de fendant in error. The points particularly in issue are, first, the right of citizens of slaveholding States to cam r their slaves into non-slaveholding States for a temporary sojourn there, without the loss of their right of property in such slaves; and next, the constitutionality of the Missouri compro mise, as involved in the question of the right of Congress to legislate with reference to slavery in United States Territories. Meeting on Saturday Night. We publish in another column the proceedings of the meeting held in this city on Saturday night, to take into consideration the policy of subscribing for stock in the Savannah Valley railroad. An abstract of the speeches of Col. Calhoun and Judge Kino are unavoidably postponed. Tennessee Bridge Finished. —We learn, says the Chattanooga Advertiser, that the first train of cars passed over the Tennessee Bridge on Thurs day night the 15th, being completed ten days be fore the pet time in contract—and for each day the contractor will receive S3OO, thus securing to him he snug little sum of S3OOO. [communicated, j Savannah Valley Railroad. A meeting of the citizens of Augusta was held at the City Hall on Saturday evening lust. Hon. Wm. E. Bearing, Mayor, was called to the Chair, and Wm. H. Pritchard requested to act as Secre tary. The Mayor briefly explained the object of the meeting, to be to take some action in reference to the subscription, by the Citv, of five hundred thou sand dollars iu the stock of the Savannah Valley Railroad Company. Col. Calhoun, of Abbeville, S. C., and Judge Jonn P. King, of this city, addressed the meeting in favor of the Savannah Valley Railroad enter prise. Wm. M. D’Antignac, Esq., offered the following preamble and resolution, which were adopted : Whereas, the magnitude of the question under consideration is, sucli as to render definite action at this meeting inexpedient —therefore, Be it Resolved, That the whole matter be re ferred to a committee of thirteen, whose duty it shall be to collect all information calculated to enlighten this community, as to the advantages or disadvantages likely to result to us from the Duild i ing of the Savannah Valley railroad, and whether in view of all the circumstances, a subscription should be made, and if made upon what terms; and to report the result to ail adjourned meeting of citizens. In accordance with the above resolution, the Chairman appointed the following gentleman the committee of thirteen : Win. M. D’Antignac, Wm. Schley, T. S. Metcalf, H. 11. Cumming, Edvard Thomas, R. H. Gardner, Jr., I. P. Garvin, YV. T. Gould, E. Bustin, John Bones, John Phinizy, Tur ner Clanton, Wm. H. Stark. On motion, the meeting adjourned, subject to the call of the committee. Wm. E. Bearing, Chairman. Wm. H. Pritchard, Secretary. Congressional. COMMITTEES APPOINTED. The Speaker announced the following commit tees, in pursuance of a resolution passed some tirao ago authorizing him to appoint the standing com mit tees of the House : O/mmitUe of Fleet ions. —Messrs. Washburn, of Maine, Stephens, Watson, Spinuer, Oliver, of Mis souri, Hickman, Colifax, Smith, of Alabama, and Bingham. Committee of Ways and Means. —Messrs. Camp bell, of Ohio, Howard, Cobb, of Georgia, Jones, I excused by request from serving ]of Tennessee, Davis, of’ Maryland, Sage, Phelps, Campbell, of Pennsylvania, and DeWitt. Committee of Claims. —Messrs. Biddings, Letch er, Bishop, Jones, of Pennsylvania, I)unn, of In diana. Knowlton, Taylor, Gilbert, aud Marshall, of Illinois. Committee on Commerce —Messrs. Washburne, of Illinois, Wade, Millson, McQueen, Tyson, Keunctt, l Pel ton, Coramins, and Kusti*. I Committee on Public Lands. —Messrs. Bennett, of New York, Harlan, Cobb, of Alabama, Lindley, J Cullen, WalbridgtY Bren ton, Maxwell, and Thor ing ton. Committee on Past Office amt Poet Roads. — Messrs. Mace, Norton, Flagler, Burelny, I>i»y, Powell, Walker, Wood and Herbert. Committee on the District (f Columbia. —Messrs. Mcacham, Dodd, Goode, Turnback, Dick, Har ris, of Maryland, Bennett, of Mississippi, Trafton. and Bell. Committee on the Judiciary. —Messrs. Simmons, H. Marshall of Kentucky, Barbour, Caskie, Gallo way, Harris of Alabama, Leake, Wakeman, and Committee on Revolutionary Claims. —Messrs. Ritchie, Murray, Smith of Virginia, English, Ful ler of Maine, Allen, Clawson, Cragiu, and lunrie* Committee on Pvblic Expenditures. Messrs. Dean, Covode, Kelly, Mott, Pearce, Vail, Elliot, Waldron, and Branch. Joint Committee on Priming. —Messrs. Nichols, Cragin, and Flagler. Committee on Private Find Claims. —Messrs. Porter, Horton of Ohio, Thorington, Etheridge, Bowie, Sandidge, Herbert, Robison, and Horton of New York. Committee on Manufactures. —Messrs. Clark of Connecticut, Knight, Crawford, Bliss, Durfee. Edwards, Dowdell, Campbell of Kentucky, anil Ricaud. Committee on Agriculture. —Messrs. Holloway, Ready, Grow, Bel!, Campbell of Ohio, Morgan, Sabin, Cullen, ami McMullen. Committee on InPan Affairs. —Messrs. Pringle, Orr, Billinghurst, Greenwood, Leiter, Hull of Massachuseets, Todd, Caruthers, and Herbert. Committee on Territories. —Messrs. Grow, Bid dings, Purviance, Richardson, Houston, Granger, Zollicofler, Morrill and Perry. Committee on Revolutionary Pensions. —Messrs. Broom, Albright, Edmundson, Miller, of New York, Miller, of Indiana, Craige, Knapp, Wood ruff, and Hall, of lowa. Committee on Invalid Pensions. —Messrs. An drew Oliver, of New York, Pike, Florence, Savage, Welsh, Talbott, Dickson, Lumpkin and Robbins. Committee on Roads and Canals. —Messrs. Knox, Hughston, Rufiin, Scott, Peck, Moore, Barksdale, Bradshaw and Rust. Committee on Military Affairs. —Messrs. Quit man, Allison, Sapp, Faulkner, Williams, Stanton, Denver, Buffington, and Washburue, of Wiscon sin. Committee on the Militia. —Messrs. Kunkel, Whitney, Harrison, Hoffman, Foster, Parker, Wat kins, Wright, of Mississippi, und Hull, of Massa chusetts. Committee on Ratal Affairs. —Messrs. Benson, Stranahan, Bocock, Haven, Winslow, Seward, Da vis, of Massachusetts, Boyce and Millward. Committee on Foreign Affairs. —Messrs. Penning ton, Bayiy, Clingman, Aiken, Fuller, of Pennsyl vania, Matteson, Sherman, Burlingame, and Thurs ton. Committee on Patents. —Messrs. Morgan, Chaffee, Smith, of Tennessee, Paine, and Eddy. Committee on Public Buildings and Grounds. — • Messrs. Ball, Todd, Puryear, Keitt and Roberts. Committee on RcvisaVand Unfinished Business. — Messrs. Sabin, Knowlton, Warner, Clark, of New York and Shorter. Conunittee on Accounts. —Messrs. Thurston, Cad walader, Nichols, Buffington and Carlile. Committee on Mileage. —Messrs. Sneed, Brooks, Kelsey, Evans and Woodworth. Joint Committee on the library. —Messrs. Aiken, Tyson and Pettit. Committee on EnroleJ Bills. —Messrs. Pike and Davidson. Committee on Expenditures of the State Depart msnt.—Messrs. Brooks, Smith of Tennessee, Par ker, King, and Damrell. Committee on Erpenditures in the Treasury De partment.—Messrs. Waldron, Wells, Alexander K. Marshall of Kentucky, Kidwell, and Clawson. Committee on Expenditure.s in the War Depart ment. —Messrs. Cragiu, Valk, Jewett, Rivers, and Covode. Committee on Engraving. —Messrs. Kelsey, Dam rell. and Wright of Tennessee. Committee on Expenditures in the Navy Depart ment.—Messrs. Harris of Illinois, Wheeler, Wash bume of Wisconsin, Underwood, and Wright of Tennessee. Committee on Expenditures in the Post Office De partment. —Messrs. Petit, Cox, Williams, Burnett, and Reade. Committee on Expenditures on Public Buildings. —Messrs. McMullen, McCarty, Stewart, Swope, and Trippe. Speech of Mr. S. J. Smith, of Union, Upon the hill incorporating the JTncassee Railroad Company. Mr. Smith, of Union, said: Mr. Speaker—l regret that the elaborate argu ment of the gentleman from Gilmer, (Mr. Picket,) has placed me under the unpleasant necessity of inflicting on this House a speech. That there is a diversity* of opinion in this General Assembly, ou the subject of Internal Improvement, by State aid, has been fully demonstrated by the action of this House. But that any Georgian, particularly any Cherokee Georgian/ should, with the luminous history of railroad enterprise, and railroad tri umph. spread out before hi in, be heard to raise his voice in these Halls, against their creation or fur ther extension by individual or corporate enter prise, excites in me the most profound astonish ’ ment. But what are those enterprises? What their triumphs? One fifth of a century has scarce elapsed since all Cherokee Georgia was an unex plored wild—a savage inhabited wilderness.— Where the council fire then blazed or the improvi dent Indian idly roamed, is now seen the well cul tivated and luxurious farm, fresh gleaned of its golden and exhuberant harvest. Where the low, dingy wigwam then stood, now looms up the ro mantic vula, or spreads the flourishing village, musical with the busy hum of industrial life, and teaming with all the joyoua manifestations of rap idly advancing civilization. Where the glittering scalping knife and blood-stained tomahawk then gleamed, amid the lurid light of burning pioneer • houses, and the lone, plaintive wail of the expir ing victim, and the terific warwhoop of the exult ing victor, broke in awful cadence upon the dull ear of night, now the tall church dedicated to God, bathes its lofty spine in the halcyon rays of the midday sun, and the euphonious Chime of the church-going hell is summoning village afnd cot tager to the peaceful altar of Chisfrian prayer—the service of a Christian God. And where the start led deer then bounded over its grassy heath to elude the swift flying dart from the red man’s un erring bow, nowthunders along his iron track the tiery Steam-stud laden with the rich and varied K’ucts of far off valley and mountain. Verily, the waste places of earth been made glad, and the Wilderness to bloom as the rose—whv this mighty metamorphos, this magic-like transforma tion? Turn to your statute-books, witness the pro found and far-reaching sagacity of vour predeces sors on this floor, then estimate the giant might and creative energies of our population, and the mystery is solved. * Georgia’s statesman saw and recognized the great political truth that it was one legitimate end and object of legislation to foster, develop and call into requisition all the vast resources of the State, physical and moral, but this political philosophy is left for modem statesmanship to illustrate and adorn. A celebrated ancient General once threat ened, in the blind impotency of rage, to hurl an up-heaved mountain from its adamantine base so that his desolating army of millions might inun date the classic plains* of liberty, leaving Greece with blood and destruction. Georgia’s more phi lanthropic statesman said, in tones characteristic of true wisdom and humanity, we will cut a pas sage through the mighty barrier oil our western border, and let the vast products and exhaustless treasure of the groat valley of the Mississippi dis gorge themselves into the expansive lap of her own loved State. They spake, and striking the sterile rock, not with the divine rod of Moses, not with the fabled wafld of ancient magicians, but with the powerful talisman of well directed enterprise, and the enriching stream of golden commerce gushed forth at their bidding. What a striking contrast between the merciless folly and infatuation of the blood-stained rulers of the past, and the enlight ened, ameliorating statesmanship of the present! Who can contemplate the incalculable results of this stupendous stretch of statesmanship—the consummation of this Herculean and State enrich ing enterprise, without not only thanking God that he is a modern—an American, yea, a Georgian ! What representative on flu’s floor can survey our magnificent system of railroad and internal improve ments stretching from the seaboard to thear-off, misty mountains without wishing to see additional arms thrown off, from the great central trunk into all the prominent sections of the State, giving an impetus to industry and business, that will cause the great commercial heart of Georgia to pulsate with new-born vigor and energy? 1, at least, Mr. Speaker, desire, as you may infer from the bill un der donsideration, to add another link to this ex tended and still extending chain, a chain, sir, which is even now binding .together the sunny South, and prolific south-west with the strong ligaments of Iron. Sir, T have the honor to represent, on this floor, a constituency who have received but few of the business or commercial facilities lavished on other portions of the State, by the erection of those great roads, towards the construction of which they con tributed their full proportion; a constituency whose representatives have, session after session, rafted large sums of money, to create anA fucilitjvk* L lW* rivw and railroad .transportation Mf middw wd lower Georgia; a constituency, ivroy .sentatives have neither asked' nor received the iL. clprocafappropriations to which they were justly el titled, and which their commercial wants absolute ly demanded. Nor am I here to-day, a mendicant, supplicating Stale aul: out were as the representa tive of a portion of the free men of Georgia, to ask, aye, demand, in their name, that they be per mitted to construct, on their own soil, by their own unaided resources, a railroad in conformity with the promises of the bill on your table, nor can I permit myself to believe that these, the honored representatives of freemen, who knowing will dare defend the sovereign rights of the citizen, will re fuse to grant mine, this poor, though to them im portant boon. Insignificant as this project may have heretofore seemed, I assure you as guardians of Georgia’s weal, that it involves questions and principles of grave moment, for your calm consideration and de liberate action. The section of State through which this road is designed to pass, is a picturesque and fertile region, abounding in fine productive lands—magnificent water powers, capable of propelling the most pow erful machinery, and becoming the seat and heart of extensive manufacturing enterprise; and en tombed in the bowels of its green bills and rugged mountains, slumbers untold millions of undevelop ed mineral wealth, all of which must ever remain cut oil and excluded from the great market of Georgia and the world, until the mountain barriers, by which we are surrounded, have been penetra'ed, and the same facilities of transportation extended to them that have developed and enriched other sections of our State. When this shall have been done, and the smoke gushing from the flaming nos trils of the potent Iron Horse, be seen playing round the summit of the Alleghany, and the thun ders of his wind-like speed heard dashing across the beautiful valleys or our mountain-girt home; shall have fostcredf and called into requisition our agricultural, manufacturing and mineral resources; and shall have infused healthful energy and vigor into all and every department of industry and life; then will Georgia be made to feel, through her ev ery commerciaT.nerve, the importance of this hith erto neglected portion of our State—the consum mation of this enterprise. Scoff not at the stress I place on this project or the importance I attach to this portion of our com mon State. For, although no rice fields were in ocean-like grandeur on our low lands, or snowy cotton whitens our uplands, yet hath Deity been more equal and beneficient in the distribution of his favors than the superficial observer may at first suppose. The region of State penetrated by this road boasts a soil redundant with almost spontaneous productiveness; has the capacity, if developed, of furnishing Georgia, and the great markets of the South, boundless supplies or ice, fruits, vegetables , and breadstuffß annually ; and water powers, not only sufficient to manufacture the entire cotton crop of the South, but to drive entire machinery of the work. Whether we examine our agricultural, mineral or manufacturing resources, the conviction is forced home to the exultant heart, that Georgia is not only the Empire State, bnt that she possesses , all the elements and capacity of separate and dis tinct national existence. From her agricultural , and manufacturing resources, may be derived food and clothing for the famishing arid destitute chil l dren of the world—from the mineral resources may be manufactured every article of ornament and • utility, from the simplest implement of husbandry - and mechanism, to the ruby ring, that sparkles on the snowy finger, or the brilliant diamond, that - flashes from the heaving bosom of peerless beauty. Then why ? Georgia Legislators, tell me whv, are Northern capitalists suffered to grow princely - rich, by manufacturing the staple productions of l the South ? Why permitted to furnish us with the very garment we’wear, the fruits and vegetables - that grace the tables of this, her capitol ? Why, our own ingenious artizans and patriotic producers’ - are barely subsisting at home for want of lucrative - employment and well directed patronage ? Why f do the parents of the peerless daughters of the South spend their millions annually at the various - fashionable watering places of the North—South , —contemning North—while amid our own ever green mountains, beneath the sky as blue as . Italia’s, they mar revel almost without price, in , scenery more wild and diversified—landscape more picturesque and variegated—inhale an atmosphere as pure and salubrious as the breath of Heaveu— and quaff water, pure and lucid as crystal, more healthy, giving and restoring than that which gushes from Saratoga’s boasted fount ? The rea son of all this is as obvious as humiliating to our State pride. At present there exists no rapid and easy transit, to this bland, healthful summer re treat —no facilities for the transportation of materi al to this natural, and, I will add, future seat of Southern manufactories. Must this lamentable state of things, continue to exist ?—shall the Blue Ridge ever constitute an icy wall between upper and lower Georgia ? If so, bo the ouous on other heads than those of my con stituents, who now, with a magnanimity character istic with their own chivalrous and indomitable nature, ask the privilege of hewing down with their own strong unaided hands, the great wall fiat looms up between us, thus identifying them selves more fully with, and pouring their now bu ried, inert and* pent up treasure into the lap of Middle and Lower Georgia. Is there one here who has the temerity to dispute this their natural and guaranteed rigtit, or reject this, their proffered treasure? Yes, and the acknowledgment brings the indignant blush of shame to my cheek. There is one in temple, erected to justice, equality and freedom, who would draw invidious distinctions and place the brand of Cain on a portion of the common children of a common parent. A righ teous heaven, murk the oppressor, doom him to the cutting lash of an indignent public opinion— outraged natural rights but spare, in mercy spare his constituents, from the misery and degradation he would inflict on mine. I have thus glanced briefly at some of the ad vantages to be derived from the construction of this road, and will now, with the indulgence of the House, proceed to examine some of the alleged, appaling effects, incident to its erection: First— It is objected, that this contemplated road is de signed to connect with the Tennessee and South Carolina railroads. This is untrue, and as yon will perceive by reference to the connection specified in the bill* Cut suppose it did connect with the Tennessee and South Carolina roads—would this justify you in refusing to my constituents, the lights and privileges extended to all other sections of the State ? Does not the Western and Atlantic railroad connect with the Tennessee road ? Does not the Georgia railroad connect with the South Carolina road? The LaGrange road with Alabama ? Does not the Central road land your produce on the great highway of Nations? Have we not now a bin on our table, asking State aid to build a road from Brunswick to Florida. And last, but not least in iniquity, did not the very consistent and considerate gentleman from Gilmer, (Mr. Pickett,) introduce a bill, aeking State aid to erect a road making the same deprecated connection with 'ien ucssee? “0 consistency thou art indeed a jewel.” But, sir, is not the value of all these roads en hanced a hundred fold by these connections ? Then why should Northern Georgia be made an excep tion to the general rule? If this doctrine is to be inaugurated and engrafted on Georgia policy, go lop off yotir railroads, make their termini in* your own State —block up your navigable rivers—lash back the mightly Atlantic from your shore—cutoff all foreign and inter-State communication, and let Georgia’s vast surplus products rot on Georgia soil. " This would be erUigthened statesmanship— this, political economy sagely exemplified. But stop not here—go demolish the magnificent structure of government reared by your patriot sires—blot out the sun of freedom—stifle the clarion trump of liberty—lest your neighboring nations, inspired and aroused by your example, should shake ofl' the lethargic slumbers and shackles of ages of thral dom, and aspire, aye, imperiously aspire to a par ticipation in your happiness and prosperity. This may be the statesmanship of antiquated schools, hot it emanates not from the statesman’s head, it springs not from the patriot's heart. Secondly, it is charged that this supposed con nection will divert freight and travel, and thus ruin the Shite road. Now, the very reverse is my in tention, and will be the effect of the erection of this road. In North Carolina, though slumberless thought, and action, have been fully aroused on the subject of railroads and international improve ment —like Georgia, she, too, can boast of a great central trunk of railroads, which she is yearly ex tending Westward. Charters have already been grunted, routes surveyed, and roads partially under contract to Ashville, on her Western border. She, too, is alive to the importance of the vast trade and travel to the West, straining every nerve to its ut most tension to secure it, and thus make her road the great thoroughfare of the nation, and her mag nificent harbor at Beaufort the emporium of the South. In the prosecution of this scheme, her next Legislature will grant a charter from Ashville to Duck Town, in Tcnnnssce. This link filled up, this connection secured, and she will have curtailed the distance from the South-west to the North-east from two to three hundred miles. Look at a map of this two Slates, ami you will find this statement fullyiiorroboratea. Would not this decreased dis and the consequent'diminution ip the cost of freight and travel, divert a large proportion ot bu •ineu from Georgia road*? How i» the calamity to be averted? Tanswer, by the erection of the North-eastern road and the one contemplated by this bill. The former will place you in direct communication with Cincinnati and the great North-west—the latter will be a great feeder to the former from the South-west, and thus large ly augment the business of our roads and the com merce of your sea-port towns. This is your reme dy, your only alternative. Then, instead of the sworn guardians of Georgia’s interest waging war on those who would voluntarily shoulder this weighty enterprize, would it not better befit their position to be clamoring at the cotters of the State tor aid to thwart the catastrophe suspended over our commercial interest ? But the gentleman from Gilmer scoffs at the idea of building a road over the lofty and rugged moun tains of western North Carolina, and, I suppose, I , ought to succomb to the gentleman’s superior knowledge, he having the honor once to represent them. lie, however, differs on this subject with , the distinguished civil engineer of the Western Turnpike road, (Mr. Fox) who was instructed in that survey to ascertain the practicability of building a road from Salsbury West. I was present when he . reported, and if my memory is not greatly at fault, he pronoun ceil it a practical)!** railroad ro:Be. But suppose, for argument’s sake, the gentleui.;ii be correct, that difficulties and obstructions do ex ist, calculated to deter North Carolina from ex tending her railroad rapidly Westward, does this not constitute an additional reason why Georgia should open her less obstructed and national out lets, ana thus secure the commerce of Western : North Carolina, instead of suffering her to secure that of Northern Georgia, by either the contempla ted railroad or the one now being constructed from Clayton to Knoxville, Tennessee? Sir, I lav it down as a fundamental truth—an in ; controvertible proposition—that where navigable rivers do not exist, or afford the requisite facilities for transportation, they, the sovereign people, have a natural and an unquestionable right to create them; and that it is the imperative duty of the State to foster every enterprise which has a tenden cy to develop her resources, and increase the ag gregate wealth and revenue of her citizens. It was ■ the recognition and observance of this great prin i ciple by the Northern States, that drew the vast products of the Northwest to the Northeastern cities. It was their system of railroads spreading ’ out, fan-like, in the* productive Northwest, that 1 enabled her to monopolize that mammoth trade, and make the city of New York the undisputed l Emporium of this vast continent—and, as a conse i quence, the non-observance of this principle by us, f ha* left unfostered, undeveloped, the agricultural * and manufacturing interests, and commercial rc , sources of the South—exhausted our substance to t enrich Northern manufacture—and is now preying, i like a mighty vampire, on our seaport towns* and f cities. It ls.this enriching monopoly, together with our tacit acknowledgement of their superiority [ over us, that has made them proud, arrogant, fac } tious, would be independent; and it is this seem -5 ing independence that has estranged and alienated . their affection from the Union ; and I would say, . as a Georgia legislator, as this influence continues I to paralvze and make the heart of this great Union [ beat feebly, and still more feebly, bind the Southern territory together with strong ligaments of iron— , her people by identity of interest, and conviv- I iality of this sentiment. This can only be effected . bv spreading out your railroads in all the promi i nent regions of this State, by fostering the manu l factories that spring up everywhere along their iron pathway, by developing all your natural re sources, and by affording the facilities for the ae 'r quisition of wealth and education to all classes of f your citizens. This done, and our w hole popula „ tion stands as a unit, and the South, upon which j God has stamped the indelible signet of natural and commercial independence, will then take her ’ appropriate aud lofty position in a galaxy of States, l and trauscendantly among them w*ill nash Geor j gia’s culminating star. e I now proceed to notice the third and last ob s jection to the bill: i The distinguished and lynx-eyed gentleman r from the State of Gilmer, says, in ‘substance, that s we wish, by the agency of this road, to divert our i trade to Rabun and South Carolina, and that, t* therefore, this charter must not be granted—which e means, in unsophisticated English, that Georgia— - the kind aud fostering mother of us all—must e stoop from her lofty position—must doff the proud l appellation and resplendant habiliments of Empire - Mate—must don the royal robes of despotic King r George the third, and manacle the strong arms, i and chill the warm hearts of her devoted sons; - and why ? because, forsooth, we, like our gallant - ancestors, desire to find the best and most lucra f tive markets of the South, of the world, for our surplus products. t King George said to- his American colonies, t ‘‘thou shall not buy, sell or trade, with Fiance or , Spain. lam thy master, England is thy mother; - and your commodities shall have no other rcccpta - cle but England.’’ King Gilmer would say to * Union and Fannin, you wish to trade and traffic i with Rabun and South Carolina, but I am the l guardian of Georgia, the State road in particular, - and her depots shall be your depots, her markets - your only markets. Is there not a striking analogy f between the despotism of King George of execrated > memory, and the unmitigated tyranny of the l principle announced by the gentleman from Gil [ mer? a principle whicn, I had supposed, w*as i buried too deep beneath the blood and carnage of . - our glorious revolution ever to be exhumed, re- j 1 suscitated, and re-produced in a Georgia Lcgisla > tore—a principle, sir, even the kingly assumption • of which stirred the deepest depths of the great American heart, roused her patriot sons to arms— a principle, the refutation of which cost America \ the lives of her noblest sons, an ocean of patriot • ■ gore—a principle, the overthrow of which gave 1 i freedom birth, and America a position and a name —a principle, the re.assumption of which would snatch the brightest gem from Georgia’s glorious < r coronet, and stamp her the veriestftaachine of des- ] potism and oppression. Sir, whilst I assert and < maintain the absolute rights of my constituents to . trade w here they can buy lowest and sell highest, and to create, at their'own expense, such facilities • for the transportation of their products as will he most conducive to their interest and prosperity, I J deny the allegation, that the erection of this road < would have a tendency to divert the trade and commerce of Georgia. On contrary, 1 think I have shown that it has become indisp’ensa- ( bly necessary to preserve and augment it. 1 Mr. Pickett—Will the gentleman from Union i permit me so ask him a question ? < Mr. Smith—Certainly. Propound a dozen, if < you desire. Mr. Pickett—Then will you permit me to amend ( your bill, by saying you shan’t connect, with the 1 “Rabun Gap road V” ] Mr. Smith— Shan't, shan't, no, sir—that is a word, - long Since expunged from the freeman’s vocabula ry! Thinkest thou my constituents, are base-born 1 slaves, to bow to the behest, or nod to a tyrant? j No, sir—sooner would I see this bill consumed by - lightning of Heaven, and the road engulphe’d by an earthquake, than recognize your right, to say shan't to those who have honored me with their 1 suffrage! Does the gentleman not only wish to j place himself on record against the onward < march of improvement, but also against foreign . commerce? if so, I envy him not the distinction. 1 If foreign commerce be prejudicial to the interest : of Mate or nation, then were the iiborigiuees of this vast continent, where navigable rivers were < unrippled by the Indians* canoe, supremely blest ] —then was the invention of steam, through the agency of which our wide-spread commerce is 1 whitening every ocean and navigable stream on 1 the globe, the direst curse to which State or nation < has ever fallen heir to. ( If commercial ignorance and seclusion be bliss, then, indeed, were it folly to be commercially great I or wise; but if, on the contrary, it be beneficial, as all sane men must admit, and Northern Georgia \ can enrich herself, and greatly increase the reve nues of the State, by supplying South Carolina from her vast store house of surplus products, whence the right or policy to thwart this laudable , project? If Rabun Gap be the natural channel of commerce, what mortal power can revoke or conn- 5 teract the decree ? What! cun you lull the winged winds to sleep? <>r rest the rolling world? Chain the heaving deep? The one is as feasible as the other, and he who has the temerity to attempt it, will find more congenial companionship among the hallucinated victims of the Lunatic Asylum, than in the Legislative Hall. 1 have ever been taught that the proudest boast and boon of the American, be he on the burning sand of Africa, the icebergs of Greenland, or on the mountain billows of the tempest tossed deep, : consisted in the consciousness with which he thun dered in the teeth of an aggressive foe. lam an American, her laws extend to,gaud her stars and ! stripes will protect, defend or avenge me—shall it, then, be said, because the Blue Ridge looms up be tween my constituents, and this, our common cap » tol, that they do not possess, and may not rightful , ly exercise, all the rights and privileges guaranteed 1 to middle and lower Georgians? Unaiscriminu : ting God of mv fathers; patriots, statesmen of • Georgia, forbid ! Why this unjust and invidious discrimination against my constituents? Has Executive, State or f National, ever made a requisition of us, and we re sponded not ? llv the bloody record of Mexico’s well-fought battle field—by "the red glare of the burning and desolate homes of your own Florida frontier—l answer, no! The gentleman appeals to members, by their love of their own sea-port towns, to defeat this • bill. 1 appeal not to sea-coast Georgia, by their • exposed position—to Middle Georgia, as the re ■ cipients of State aid—but I invoke you, by your ■ magnanimity, your love of justice and equality, ! your detestation for oppression and tyranny, to aid • me m the passage of this bill, and the expulsion of > tyranny and proscription from this House. . From the Atlanta Dailg Examiner. Speech of Mr. S. J. Smith, of Union. i We present our readers to-day, with the speech . of the Representative of Union county, in our State [ Legislature, Mr. S. J. Smith, ou the bill to incorpo r rate the Hiwassee Railroad Company. It was at t our earnest solicitation—influenced by more reasons x than one—that this gentleman consented to write , out his remarks aud hand them to us for publica t tion. In the first place, he represents a county in x which our paper has a very large circulation, and 3 for which we do most of the legal advertising. In the second place, the Democracy of Union county, in fact, all the citizens thereof-feel, and have a l deep interest in the construction of the Hiwassee _ railroad, and are naturally anxious to hear from their representatives, and of his efforts to procure s privileges desired by, and so important to them. ‘ t And, in the third place, because we think this gen tleman has been unjustly reflected upon, by the correspondent of the Savannah Georgian, at this e place, whose refined taste and city-seaboard asso ciations, doubtless have not prepared his delicately strong nerves, for, if lie will have it so, the bois terous eloquence of our hardy, liberty-loving, both in speech and action, Blue Ridge Mountain Demo ' crate. e Our readers in Union county will perceive, in 3 perusing the speech of their representative, that 0 he has zealously, and with signal ability and clo- L ‘ quence, advocated in the Legislature, a measure of e “deliverance and liberty” to them —deliverance * from obstructions which nature has placed in their ■ path to a market, and liberty to trade, upon terms 3 of equality with their more favored fellow-citizens, ' this side the mountain, on the line of the Western * and Atlantic railroad. Indeed, it was a topic—the I charter asked by the company—which was well * calculated to excite deep feeling in the breast of * him who represented our friends in Union county, '• and the result was the impassioned, fervid, aiid eloquent appeal, which he made to the House. But ' we will not stop here. The points presented, and argument, do mil justice to the proposed measure, ‘ and conclusively show, that the interests of the '■ sneaker’s constituency were wisely entrusted to n able and faithful hands. The failure of success, •» on its first trial before the House, must be attribu- j 1 ted to causes and influences over which he had no ™ control. Its reconsideration and passage thereat y ter, by a majority of eleven, was, indeed, a tri umph. We congratulate his constituency upon it. [ ~ It affords us, also, great gratification to say, that “ we have witnessed, with pleasure and pride, the r > high-toned independence, liberality and patriotism 8 which have characterized the legislation of the II representative from Union county, during the ses -11 sion of the Legislature. Governed by no sectional 7 interests—restrained from his duty to the State at ‘ large, by no local prejudices or disappointments, . he nas met every measure with no shrinking point, l ” and has invariably cast his vote, after deliberately l * determining upon the merits of the question.— r Guarding the Treasury of the State with a jealous eye, he has been far, however, from acting on the ‘ principle, that if he could not “eat the hay him -11 self, no one else should eat it;” but on all propp&r [' ed measures of enlightened policy and usefulness, he has been found at his post, sustaining them. 11 No member of the present Legislature can show u clearer, cleaner, and more patriotic record, than S. ’» J. Smith, the Representative from Union county. It has, also, afforded us much gratification to hear of his course on the bill of Mr. Crook—the able representative from Chattooga county—to ap propriate fifty thousand dollars to aid emigration n from the South to Kansas. We were not present it at the debate which took place on this bill, on ir Monday last; but, if we are correctly advised, our t, own representative, Mr. Harms, and the represen h Uitive from Union, occupied antagonistic positions - in reference to it—the latter supporting, and the former opposing the measure. It would be im proper in us to censure the course of the represen tative from Fulton, from a mere hearsay of posi tions assumed by him in his speech on that occa sion ; hence, we refrain, trusting to the future for reliuble and more specific information, as to his grounds of opposition to the bill. Hut as regards the representative from Union, we can, with pleas ure, say, that with him the fourth Resolution of the Georgia Platform is no mockery—that South ern Rights is no farce—and that Northern aggres sion must be lepelled, at anv and every sacrifice. The theory that slavery is to be restricted within its present limits, and that the slaveholder, with his slaves, should be discouraged from emigrating to Kansas, or that Southern men, slaveholders them selves, or sons of sires that are so, are not to be trusted in Kansas, is a theory that wo believe n >t in, and deeply regret to think, that anv Southern uian can, for a moment, entertain it. It is a doc trine that the stern, unflinching, anti-Know Noth ing Democracy and Whigs of Georgia, yea, nine teen-twentieths of the people of the South, will re pudiate, whenever it is advanced. Like the repre sentative from Union, they will not tolerate it for an hour! MARRIED, On the morning of the 13th inst., by the Rev. S. G. Daniel, Rev. Geo. Macaulkt, Rector of St. Ste phens Church, and Miss Elizabeth R., eldest daughter of Mr. Fielding and Mrs. Elizabeth A. Lewis, all of Milledgeville. On Monday, the 11th inst., hv Rev. Win. Smith, C. L. Barbour, Esqr., Junior Editor of the Atlanta Examiner, and Miss Sallie C. Morgan, of Ijß- G range. W The Great Russian Remedy,—Pro Bono Publico.—“Every mother should have a'box in the house handy, in ease of accidents to the children.” Redding's Russia Salve.—lt is a Boston remedy of thirty years’ standing, and is recommended by physicians. It is a sure and speedy cure for Burns, Piles, Boils, Corns, Felons, Chilblains, and Old Sores, of every kind ; for Fever Sores, Ulcers, Itch, Scald Head, Nettle Rash, Bunions, Sore Nipples, (recommended by nurses,) Whitlows, Sties, Fes ters, Flea Bites, Spider Stings, Frozen Limbs, Salt Rheum, Scurvy, Sore and Cracked Lips, Sore Nose, Warts and Flesh Wounds, it is a most valuable remedy and cure, which can be testified to by thou sands who have used it in the city of Boston and vicinity, for the last thirty years. In no instance will this Salve do an injury, or interfere with a physician’s prescriptions. Ii is made from the purest materials, from a recipe brought from Rus sia—of articles growing in that country —and the proprietors have letters from all classes, clergy men. physicians, sea captains, nurses and others, who have used it themselves, ami recommend it to others. Redding’s Russia SALVE is put up in large tin boxes, stamped on the cover with a pic ture of a horse and a disabled soldier, which pic ture is also engraved on the wrapper. Price, 25 cents a box. Sold at all the stores in town or country, or may be ordered of any wholesale Drug gist. REDDING A CO., Proprietors. For sale by GEO. OATES, at his Book, Music and Piano Store, Broud-st. dAccowtim fob 17 —The Law Partnership of A. .1. A T. W. MILLER lmvmg been dissolved by the death of ANDREW J. MILLER, the under signed have united, for the practice of Law, under the firm name of MILLERS & JACKSON. T. W. MILLER, .JOHN K. JACKSON, FRANK H. MILLER. Augusta, February 15, 1858. feblfj df&clm Law Notice.—The undersigned will give attention to business entrusted to their care, in all the counties of the Middle District, and in Warren county, of the Northern. MI LLERS A JACKSON. Augusta, February 15, 185 G. feblOd+Aclra SIXTY DAYS after date, application will be made to the Honorable the Court of Ordinary of Burke countv, for leave to sell the Real Esate belonging to John W. Diekev, late of said county, deceased. FREEMAN W. B. PERKINS, feb'2o Executor. DISSOLUTION. THE Partnership heretofore existing between thi* undersigned, under the name of GEO. W. ALLEN A CO., is this de.v dissolved by mu tual consent. JETT TIIOMAS is alone authorized to collect the assets. GEORGE W. ALLEN. JETT THOMAS. Elberton, Ga., Feb. IJ, 1850. df«tc2 febiiO PARTICULAR NOTICE (JURAT SALE OF FACTORY STOCK. IT having been determined to increase the Cap ital Stock of the Lawreneeville Manufacturing Company, Two Hundred and Fifty shares of the NEW STOCK will be offered for sale, before the Court-House dour in Lawrinceville, on the first Tuesday in April next. Tlie sale will commence at 10 o’clock, A. M., and continue until all is sold. Terms of sale-one-ludf cash, and the other half payable iu thirty days. Persons wishing to invest, and desiring more particular information, will be promptly responded to by the undersigned, if adddressea. J. S. PETERSON, Agent, feblO-dhvctd Ijiwreneerille, Gwinnett co., Ga. CARD. ■ 4kl R office having been consumed bv fire on " “ tin night of the 2Jlh in ', and with it alt the notes and accounts remaining in our bunds for col lection, we beg clients who have submitted these demands to our care, and taken our receipts for them, to scud us copies at their earliest conveni ence. JONES & ST URGES. Attorneys at Law. Waynesboro’, (iu., Jan. 28.1850. factf jnnSO £JUNI)HIEK, ON CONSIGNMENT.— 800 sacks SALT; 500 bids. POTATOES; 5o casks RICE; 200 bids, snp’fine FLOUR: 100 boxes li. C. HERRINGS; It) hbds. New Orleans SUGAR ; 20 bbls. “ “ •< 50 “ CREAM ALE; 50 “ Champagne CIDER; 20 eighth casks COGNAC • 300 bids. Rectified W’illSKT 100 bags BUCKWHEAT; 50 M Spanish SEGARS ; 100 gross MATCHES; 100 baskets CHAMPAGNE • 50 bbls. LARI); no kegs LARD ; 20 kegs Goshen BUTTER ; 20 “ Country “ 10 eases SCHNAPPS; 10 “ Madeira WINE; 10 “ French MUSTARD; 300 bbls. LIME; 10 casks Peach BRANDY. For sale hr GIRARDEY, WHYTE 4 CO., feblS General Commission Merchants. PLANTERS’ HOTEL. This new, though well known and pop ular HOTEL, is now being enlarged, tj;;#] and will be ready, by the first of October m»vt ffßilll to accommodate* twice as many as heretofore. Pre viously, it couldonlyin part, in the business season, accommodate day and transient boarders. From the above date, families, as well as single persons, can be well suited with desirable quarters. The undersigned is now ready to engage rooms as above. Second story Hall will have suites of room* with a parlor and* bed rooms attached. Every room in the addition will have a fire-place, and as to vent illation, cannot be surpassed. jy24 JOHN BRIDGES. is hereby given, to all parties in in -Ivi terest, residing out of the State of Georgia, that I shall make application to the Court of Ordi nary of Scriven county, at the next June Term of said Court, for an order to distribute the estate of Martha Herrington, late of said countv, deceased, among the heirs and distributees of said deceased* SIMEON HERRINGTON, Adm’r. febs 2am4m WTOTICE is hereby given, to all parties in tn- L w terest, residing out of the State of Georgia, that I shall make application to the Court of Ordi nary of Scriven countv, at the next June Term of said Court, for an order to distribute the estate of Joseph T. Herrington, lute of said countv, deceas ed, among the heirs aud distributees ot‘ said de ceased. JEFFERSON ROBERTS, Adm’r. subs 2 am 4 m